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32
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Alexander M. Haig, Jr..md
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@ -90,12 +90,12 @@ relations:
with: "[[MGM Mirage]]"
start: 1990
role: "director"
fn: 27
fn: 29
- type: contractor_to
with: "[[MGM Mirage]]"
start: 1990-05
role: "consultant; fees of $50,000 in 2000"
fn: 27
fn: 29
- type: funded
with: "[[MGM Mirage PAC]]"
start: 2000-12-19
@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ relations:
- type: director_of
with: "[[Interneuron Pharmaceuticals]]"
role: "director"
fn: 27
fn: 29
- type: contractor_to
with: "[[SDC International]]"
start: 1999-05
@ -127,8 +127,14 @@ relations:
end: 2008-05-07
role: "contributions of $750 to $5,000 listing worldwide associates as employer"
fn: 14
- type: contractor_to
with: "[[International Signal and Control]]"
start: 1985
end: 1987
role: "consulting work through Worldwide Associates, according to Haig's 1988 candidate filing"
fn: 27
created: 2026-10-01
updated: 2026-10-01
updated: 2026-10-08
---
Alexander Meigs Haig Jr. was born on December 2, 1924, in Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania, and died at about 1:30 a.m. on February 20, 2010, at [[Johns Hopkins Hospital]] in [[Baltimore]], at the age of 85; a hospital spokesman attributed his death to complications of an infection.[^1] He was military adviser and then deputy to [[Henry A. Kissinger]] at the [[National Security Council]], [[White House]] chief of staff to [[Richard Nixon]], Supreme Allied Commander in Europe, president of [[United Technologies Corporation]], and Secretary of State under President [[Ronald Reagan]].[^1][^2] Nixon promoted him in 1972 from two-star to four-star rank, passing over 240 officers with greater seniority.[^1]
@ -187,15 +193,21 @@ Reagan accepted Haig's resignation by letter on June 25, 1982. Haig's letter of
### Worldwide Associates and the CIA, 1984 and 1985
[[Worldwide Associates]], a Washington international advisory firm, had Haig as chairman and president from 1984.[^2] Deputy Director of Central Intelligence [[John N. McMahon]] wrote to Haig ("Al") on January 5, 1984, at 1155 15th Street, N.W., Suite 800, that a doctoral candidate and former military officer whose resume Haig had passed to the Agency, whose name is redacted, would join the CIA as a career trainee on April 16, adding: "We're always on the lookout for good people and appreciate your keeping us in mind."[^23] The same address is given for Haig in the 2002 proxy statement of SDC International.[^13]
[[Worldwide Associates]], a Washington international advisory firm, had Haig as chairman and president from 1984.[^2] Deputy Director of Central Intelligence [[John McMahon|John N. McMahon]] wrote to Haig ("Al") on January 5, 1984, at 1155 15th Street, N.W., Suite 800, that a doctoral candidate and former military officer whose resume Haig had passed to the Agency, whose name is redacted, would join the CIA as a career trainee on April 16, adding: "We're always on the lookout for good people and appreciate your keeping us in mind."[^23] The same address is given for Haig in the 2002 proxy statement of SDC International.[^13]
The appointment log of Director of Central Intelligence Casey for 1985, as released, lists under Haig a reception and screening of "That's Dancing" hosted by Mr. and Mrs. Haig at the [[Motion Picture Association]], 1600 I Street, N.W., on January 22; a breakfast with Haig at the Madison Hotel on April 10; a reception and screening of "A View to a Kill" at the same address hosted by General and Mrs. Haig on May 31; a breakfast with General Haig at CIA headquarters on November 13; and a cocktail buffet hosted by General and Mrs. Haig on December 20.[^24]
No registrant named Worldwide Associates, and none named Haig, appears in the [[Foreign Agents Registration Act]] registrant lists, active or terminated, retrieved from the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]]'s FARA e-file interface on October 1, 2026; the only near matches are the law firm Haight, Gardner, Poor & Havens and related Haight registrants.[^25] The Senate and House lobbying disclosure database, which begins in 1999, returns no registrant named Worldwide Associates and no lobbyist named Haig.[^26]
### International Signal and Control, 1985 to 1987
Worldwide Associates did consulting work for [[International Signal and Control]] between 1985 and 1987, according to a filing Haig made when he ran for president in 1988.[^27] Haig and Bobby Ray Inman were among the well-known Washingtonians who had lent their names to the business of [[James Guerin]].[^27]
At the 1992 trial of [[Thomas P. Jasin]], Jasin's attorney, Gaar Steiner, told the court that Haig, a consultant for ISC, and officials of the Central Intelligence Agency and the Army were aware of plans to import South African Striker missile components into the United States and that no one objected. The Assistant U.S. Attorney, [[Robert E. Goldman]], replied: "Haig was never told they were bringing in missile parts from South Africa."[^28]
### Corporate boards
The proxy statement of [[MGM Mirage]] filed March 27, 2001, lists Haig as a director since 1990 and a consultant to the company since May 1990, holder of options on 10,000 shares, and recipient in 2000 of $50,000 in consulting fees; it describes him as chairman of Worldwide Associates, host of the weekly television program "World Business Review," and a director of [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]] Inc., CompuServe Interactive Services and [[Interneuron Pharmaceuticals]]. [[Tracinda]], of which [[Kirk Kerkorian]] was sole director and stockholder, owned 91,221,432 MGM Mirage shares.[^27]
The proxy statement of [[MGM Mirage]] filed March 27, 2001, lists Haig as a director since 1990 and a consultant to the company since May 1990, holder of options on 10,000 shares, and recipient in 2000 of $50,000 in consulting fees; it describes him as chairman of Worldwide Associates, host of the weekly television program "World Business Review," and a director of [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]] Inc., CompuServe Interactive Services and [[Interneuron Pharmaceuticals]]. [[Tracinda]], of which [[Kirk Kerkorian]] was sole director and stockholder, owned 91,221,432 MGM Mirage shares.[^29]
[[SDC International]] named Haig a director in January 2002; he had been its strategic advisor since May 1999. Its proxy statement filed December 6, 2002, discloses that SDC paid him $85,000 in September 2001 for past services, issued him fully vested options on 300,000 shares at $0.40 when the agreement was renewed on September 9, 2001, and agreed to pay him "between one and two percent of the total gross contract amount of any contract entered into by SDC or any of its subsidiaries which was obtained through the efforts of General Haig." SDC's principal operating entity was its Czech subsidiary [[Tatra]]; [[Terex Corporation]], which had received shares as a strategic advisor, held 12 percent. Haig held 505,000 shares, 2.47 percent, and was one of the two persons named to vote stockholders' proxies.[^13]
@ -203,7 +215,7 @@ The proxy statement of [[MGM Mirage]] filed March 27, 2001, lists Haig as a dire
### Political contributions and the 1988 campaign
Haig for President (FEC committee C00214189), with treasurer Dominic J. Saraceno of Virginia, reported receipts of $2,633,083 for the 1988 cycle, including $140,442 in federal matching funds, and remained registered through 2000.[^28] Rumsfeld gave it $1,000 on January 27, 1988.[^14] The Associated Press obituary records that Haig ran unsuccessfully for president in 1988.[^1]
Haig for President (FEC committee C00214189), with treasurer Dominic J. Saraceno of Virginia, reported receipts of $2,633,083 for the 1988 cycle, including $140,442 in federal matching funds, and remained registered through 2000.[^30] Rumsfeld gave it $1,000 on January 27, 1988.[^14] The Associated Press obituary records that Haig ran unsuccessfully for president in 1988.[^1]
[[Federal Election Commission]] records list contributions by entries in the name of Haig giving Worldwide Associates as employer, among them $750 to the [[Republican National Committee]] on January 11, 1994, $1,000 to Pete Wilson for President on May 1, 1995, $5,000 to the RNC on July 19, 1996, November 10, 1998, and February 1, 2000, and $2,300 to John McCain 2008 on April 10, 2007. A $1,000 contribution to McCain 2000 dated June 15, 1999, comes from "Haig, Alexander M. Mr. Jr." of [[Palm Beach, Florida|Palm Beach]] with no employer listed. The records list contributions to the MGM Mirage political action committee of $500 on December 19, 2000, $1,000 on January 31, 2002, and $1,000 on May 4, 2004.[^14]
@ -235,5 +247,7 @@ Haig for President (FEC committee C00214189), with treasurer Dominic J. Saraceno
[^24]: Director of Central Intelligence, appointment and contact log for 1985, entries under "HAIG, Alexander," CIA Reading Room, CIA-RDP93-00415R000200210008-9, https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp93-00415r000200210008-9
[^25]: U.S. Department of Justice, FARA e-file API, Registrants (Active, 537 rows) and Registrants (Terminated, 6,552 rows), retrieved October 1, 2026, https://efile.fara.gov/api/v1/Registrants/json/Active and https://efile.fara.gov/api/v1/Registrants/json/Terminated (name search; short-form registrants and foreign principals not searched).
[^26]: Lobbying Disclosure Act filings database, API queries for registrant name "Worldwide Associates" and lobbyist name "Haig," run October 1, 2026, https://lda.gov/api/v1/filings/
[^27]: MGM Mirage, Definitive Proxy Statement (DEF 14A), filed March 27, 2001, accession 0000912057-01-008537, nominee table, notes on options, and "Certain Transactions," https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/789570/000091205701008537/a2041387zdef14a.htm
[^28]: Federal Election Commission, committee C00214189, Haig for President, committee record and financial totals by cycle, https://api.open.fec.gov/v1/committee/C00214189/totals/
[^27]: Glenn Frankel, "British Firm Claims It Was Duped by Pa. Arms Maker," *Washington Post*, September 29, 1989. The article describes the filing as one "Haig made when running for president last year." https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1989/09/29/british-firm-claims-it-was-duped-by-pa-arms-maker/5b675f69-e5e0-4c25-9aee-ced8b8e07efa/
[^28]: "Weapons-smuggling plot tied to Pa. executive on trial for trade violations," Knight-Ridder News Service, *Baltimore Sun*, November 10, 1992. The article describes Haig as "a consultant for ISC" in reporting the attorney's statement; the quoted reply is Goldman's. https://www.baltimoresun.com/1992/11/10/weapons-smuggling-plot-tied-to-pa-executive-on-trial-for-trade-violations/
[^29]: MGM Mirage, Definitive Proxy Statement (DEF 14A), filed March 27, 2001, accession 0000912057-01-008537, nominee table, notes on options, and "Certain Transactions," https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/789570/000091205701008537/a2041387zdef14a.htm
[^30]: Federal Election Commission, committee C00214189, Haig for President, committee record and financial totals by cycle, https://api.open.fec.gov/v1/committee/C00214189/totals/

83
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Isaac C. Kidd Jr..md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
---
title: Isaac C. Kidd Jr.
aliases:
- Isaac C. Kidd Jr.
- Isaac C. Kidd, Jr.
- Isaac C. Kidd
- Isaac Campbell Kidd Jr.
- Rear Admiral Isaac C. Kidd Jr.
- Admiral Isaac C. Kidd
- Admiral Kidd
category: "Military"
tags:
- Person
- Military
- Navy
- USSLiberty
- CourtOfInquiry
- SixDayWar
- NATO
summary: "Navy admiral who presided over the 1967 Court of Inquiry into the USS Liberty attack and retired in 1978 as commander in chief of the U.S. Atlantic Fleet and NATO's Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic."
died: 1999-06-27
location: "Alexandria, Virginia"
relations:
- type: employed_by
with: "[[U.S. Navy]]"
start: 1941
end: 1978
role: "career naval officer; retired as commander in chief, U.S. Atlantic Fleet"
fn: 1
- type: head_of
with: "[[NATO]]"
start: 1975
end: 1978
role: "Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic"
fn: 1
- type: participant_in
with: "[[USS Liberty Incident]]"
start: 1967-06-10
end: 1967-06-18
role: "president of the Navy Court of Inquiry"
fn: 4
- type: reported_to
with: "[[John S. McCain Jr.]]"
start: 1967-06-10
end: 1967-06-18
role: "court convened by McCain as Commander in Chief, U.S. Naval Forces Europe"
fn: 4
created: 2026-10-08
updated: 2026-10-08
---
Isaac Campbell Kidd Jr. (died 1999) was a United States Navy admiral who, as a rear admiral in June 1967, presided over the Navy Court of Inquiry into the Israeli attack on the [[USS Liberty Incident|USS Liberty]], and who retired in 1978 as commander in chief of the U.S. Atlantic Fleet and as the [[NATO]] Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic.[^1] His counsel to the court, [[Ward Boston]], stated in 2003 and 2004 that Kidd told him that [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] and [[Robert S. McNamara]] ordered the court to find that the attack was a case of mistaken identity.[^2]
### Career
The [[Washington Post]] obituary of July 2, 1999 records a Navy career of forty years, with combat operations in the Pacific, Atlantic and Mediterranean during World War II and service in the office of the Chief of Naval Operations during the [[Cuban Missile Crisis]], the loss of the submarine Thresher, the [[Gulf of Tonkin Incident]] and the Dominican Republic crisis.[^1] The same obituary gives his retirement in 1978 as commander in chief of the U.S. Atlantic Fleet and NATO's Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic, and gives his death on June 27, 1999, at his home in Alexandria, Virginia, at age 79, after five years of illness with cancer.[^1] In June 1967 he was assigned as Assistant Chief of Staff, Logistics, for the Commander in Chief of Allied Forces Southern Europe.[^3]
### The Court of Inquiry, June 1967
[[John S. McCain Jr.]], Commander in Chief, U.S. Naval Forces Europe, named Kidd president of the court by a letter of June 10, 1967, which directed the court to "inquire into all the pertinent facts and circumstances leading to and connected with the armed attack; damage resulting therefrom; and deaths of and injuries to naval personnel."[^4] The record of proceedings opens at 2314 on June 10, 1967, in London, with Captains [[Bernard J. Lauff]] and [[Bert M. Atkinson Jr.]] as members and Captain Ward Boston Jr. as counsel.[^4] Kidd, Boston and the court reporter boarded the ship at sea off [[Souda Bay]], [[Crete]], and the court met aboard at 0630 on June 12; the court sat at [[Malta]] from June 13 to 15 and closed in London at 1645 on June 16. [[Ronald Fraser]] reports that Kidd delivered the report to McCain on June 18, 1967, and that McCain added review comments stating that "the attack was a mistake."[^5]
[[A. Jay Cristol]] wrote that the report was carried to Washington by Kidd "in a brief case chained to this wrist."[^6] The [[Chicago Tribune]] reported in 2007 that McCain chose Kidd to preside and gave the court one week, and that Rear Admiral [[Merlin Staring]], then a captain and staff legal officer in London and later the Navy's Judge Advocate General, said the report was taken from him when he began to question aspects of it. Staring described the inquiry to the Tribune as "a hasty, superficial, incomplete and totally inadequate inquiry."[^7]
### Statements attributed to Kidd
Boston's declaration of January 8, 2004 states that Kidd told him, after returning from Washington, that he had been ordered to sit down with two civilians from either the White House or the Defense Department and rewrite portions of the court's findings, and that he had been ordered to "put the lid" on everything to do with the attack.[^2] The declaration states that Kidd was "adamant" in later private conversations that the attack was deliberate and planned, and that Kidd telephoned Boston after Cristol's 1990 call and said that "Cristol must be an Israeli agent."[^2]
Boston gave other accounts of the same period. [[Arab News]] reported in July 2003 that Kidd returned to Washington and then telephoned Boston, saying "We have to be quiet" and "We can't talk to the media," and quoted Boston as saying that Johnson "had ordered us to put the lid on it."[^8] Fraser wrote in July 2003 that Boston said Kidd told him top officials were not interested in hearing the truth.[^5] In an interview with the Chicago Tribune published October 2, 2007, Boston said that Kidd flew to Washington with the record while Boston returned to Naples, and that two weeks later Kidd telephoned him from his office in Naples and said: "Ward, they aren't interested in the facts. It's a political issue and we have to put a lid on it. We've been ordered to shut up."[^7]
Arab News reported that Boston quoted Kidd as saying, "Those guys knew what they were doing when they killed innocent sunbathing kids. They tried to sink that ship."[^8] The same article quoted [[James Ennes]], a Liberty survivor, as saying that Kidd never characterized the attack as an accident and told him many times: "You are on the right track, Jim. Just keep on probing."[^8]
Cristol states that Kidd, in interviews in the early 1990s, said the attack was not intentional, and wrote in 2007 that Boston's account is hearsay about a dead man.[^6][^8] McNamara told the [[Senate Foreign Relations Committee]] in July 1967, as quoted by Cristol, that the conclusion of "the investigatory body headed by an Admiral of the Navy" was that the attack was not intentional.[^6]
### Footnotes
[^1]: "Adm. Isaac Kidd Dies," The Washington Post, July 2, 1999. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1999/07/02/adm-isaac-kidd-dies/48636275-1034-4d5d-9350-ff83865bb644/
[^2]: Ward Boston Jr., Declaration Concerning the Court of Inquiry into the Attack on USS Liberty, dated January 8, 2004, Coronado, California, paragraphs 17, 18, 21, 23. https://archive.org/download/boston-declaration/BostonDeclaration.pdf. Sole source for Kidd's private statements, as Boston reports them. A shorter affidavit text printed in the Congressional Record, Extensions of Remarks, October 11, 2004, pp. E1886-E1889, carries the McNamara and Johnson sentence (paragraph 16 of the declaration) without the Kidd conversations in paragraphs 17 to 25. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2004-10-11/html/CREC-2004-10-11-pt1-PgE1886-3.htm
[^3]: "US Navy Court of Inquiry," The Liberty Incident (website of A. Jay Cristol), https://libertyincident.com/USNcourt.html. Descriptive text accompanying the posted record; the assignment of Kidd and the date he boarded the ship come from this description.
[^4]: United States Navy, Record of Proceedings, Court of Inquiry into the armed attack on USS Liberty (AGTR-5), 1967, scan pages 106 and 107 (opening, convening letter of June 10, 1967, oath), 117 (adjournment of June 11, boarding at sea, court aboard June 12, Malta June 13), 243 and 244 (adjournment June 15, London June 16), 265 (closing at 1645 on June 16), https://libertyincident.com/docs/CourtOfInquiry.pdf, and quoted in Ward Boston Jr., Declaration, paragraph 5 (https://archive.org/download/boston-declaration/BostonDeclaration.pdf).
[^5]: Ronald Fraser, "Captain Boston's Secret," U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings, vol. 129, no. 7 (July 2003). https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/2003/july/captain-bostons-secret. Fraser also gives Kidd's death year as 1999.
[^6]: A. Jay Cristol, "Why You Shouldn't Pay Attention to the Claims that Israel Attacked the USS Liberty Deliberately," History News Network, June 12, 2007. https://www.historynewsnetwork.org/article/why-you-shouldnt-pay-attention-to-the-claims-that-. Cristol is the author of The Liberty Incident and an advocate of the accident finding; the report-transport phrase, the early 1990s interviews and the McNamara quotation are his.
[^7]: "New revelations in attack on American spy ship," Chicago Tribune, October 2, 2007. https://www.chicagotribune.com/2007/10/02/new-revelations-in-attack-on-american-spy-ship/
[^8]: "Navy Captain, Other Officials Call for Probe of Israel's Attack on USS Liberty," Arab News, July 16, 2003. https://www.arabnews.com/node/234373. The Kidd quotations are Boston's and Ennes's as reported by Arab News.

16
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Lyndon B. Johnson.md
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@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
---
updated: 2026-10-08
aliases:
- Lyndon Johnson
category: "Political Figure"
@ -28,11 +29,15 @@ On June 5, 1967, Johnson told congressional leaders that he had been expecting I
Notes of the [[National Security Council]] Special Committee meeting of June 9 record [[Clark Clifford]] saying that the attack on the [[USS Liberty Incident|USS Liberty]] should be handled "as if Arabs or USSR had done it" and calling it "Inconceivable that it was accident"; the note-taker's marginal notation next to the remarks reads: "President subscribed 100%."[^4] On June 12 Johnson requested a special study on the strafing and torpedoing of the ship, covering pilot conversations and "everything we can get" from the [[NSA|National Security Agency]]; Rostow sent a preliminary CIA report on June 13 as the "CIA's first cut at the problem," noting "They do not find evidence of U.S. identification before the attack."[^5] On June 26 Rostow sent Johnson the proposed public release of the Navy Court of Inquiry summary, noting that the Israelis had asked for 24 hours of lead time and that Deputy Secretary of Defense [[Cyrus Vance]] was inclined to give 12; the 12-hour option is the one checked.[^6]
### The USS Liberty allegation
An affidavit by [[Ward Boston]], senior legal counsel to the Navy's 1967 Court of Inquiry into the attack on the USS Liberty, released in October 2003, states that Admiral [[Isaac C. Kidd Jr.]] told him "that President Lyndon Johnson and Secretary of Defense [[Robert S. McNamara]] ordered him to conclude that the attack was a case of 'mistaken identity' despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary."[^7] Kidd died in 1999.[^8] The Associated Press reported that the Johnson administration "did not formally challenge" Israel's explanation that the attack was a case of mistaken identity.[^9] The Chicago Tribune reported in 2007 that internal White House documents from the [[Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Library]] show that the Israelis' explanation of how the mistake had occurred "was not believed," and quoted a retired chief petty officer, J. Q. Hart, as recalling that McNamara told Rear Admiral Lawrence Geis that "President [Lyndon] Johnson is not going to go to war or embarrass an American ally over a few sailors."[^10] [[A. Jay Cristol]], the author of The Liberty Incident, rejects Boston's account as hearsay about a dead man.[^11]
### Bobby Baker
Lyndon B. Johnson served as the 36th President of the United States. His rise to power emanated directly from his friends in Texas oil, including the [[Clint Murchison, Sr.|Murchison family]].[^7]
Lyndon B. Johnson served as the 36th President of the United States. His rise to power emanated directly from his friends in Texas oil, including the [[Clint Murchison, Sr.|Murchison family]].[^12]
As Senate Majority Leader, Johnson made [[Bobby Baker]] his secretary of the Senate Democrats in 1955, referring to Baker as "my strong right arm, the last man I see at night, the first I see in the morning." A major scandal brewed around Baker in the autumn of 1963, involving numerous questionable deals that were tightly interwoven with the Murchison family and organized crime figures.[^7]
As Senate Majority Leader, Johnson made [[Bobby Baker]] his secretary of the Senate Democrats in 1955, referring to Baker as "my strong right arm, the last man I see at night, the first I see in the morning." A major scandal brewed around Baker in the autumn of 1963, involving numerous questionable deals that were tightly interwoven with the Murchison family and organized crime figures.[^12]
### Footnotes
@ -42,4 +47,9 @@ As Senate Majority Leader, Johnson made [[Bobby Baker]] his secretary of the Sen
[^4]: Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968, vol. XIX, Document 236, Notes of a Meeting of the Special Committee of the National Security Council, June 9, 1967 (Saunders's handwritten notes). https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v19/d236
[^5]: Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968, vol. XIX, Document 284, Intelligence Memorandum, "The Israeli Attack on the USS Liberty," June 13, 1967, with source note on Helms's notes of the June 12 meeting and Rostow's covering memorandum of June 13. https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v19/d284
[^6]: Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968, vol. XIX, Document 324, Memorandum from Rostow to President Johnson, June 26, 1967. https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v19/d324
[^7]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.
[^7]: Ward Boston Jr., affidavit as printed in the Congressional Record, Extensions of Remarks, October 11, 2004, pp. E1886-E1889, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2004-10-11/html/CREC-2004-10-11-pt1-PgE1886-3.htm; the same sentence is paragraph 16 of Boston's declaration dated January 8, 2004, https://archive.org/download/boston-declaration/BostonDeclaration.pdf. Sole source for the Kidd conversation.
[^8]: Ronald Fraser, "Captain Boston's Secret," *U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings*, July 2003 (Kidd's death year). https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/2003/july/captain-bostons-secret
[^9]: Associated Press, Fox News, October 23, 2003. https://www.foxnews.com/story/ex-navy-official-1967-israeli-attack-on-u-s-ship-was-deliberate.amp
[^10]: "New revelations in attack on American spy ship," *Chicago Tribune*, October 2, 2007. The Tribune's text reads "the Israelis' explanation of how the mistake had occurred was not believed"; the Hart quotation is Hart's recollection as the Tribune reported it. https://www.chicagotribune.com/2007/10/02/new-revelations-in-attack-on-american-spy-ship/
[^11]: A. Jay Cristol, History News Network, June 12, 2007. https://www.historynewsnetwork.org/article/why-you-shouldnt-pay-attention-to-the-claims-that-
[^12]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Myron S. Malkin.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
---
aliases:
- Myron S. Malkin
- Myron Samuel Malkin
- Myron (Mike) Malkin
- Mike Malkin
- Dr. Myron S. Malkin
- M. S. Malkin
- Dr. M. S. Malkin
category: "Scientists & Researchers"
tags:
- Person
- MyronSMalkin
- SpaceShuttle
- NASA
- NuclearSafeguards
- NUSAC
- Wackenhut
- DepartmentOfDefense
location: "Bethesda, Maryland"
summary: "Physicist who directed the NASA Space Shuttle program at headquarters from 1973 to 1980 after posts at Yale, General Electric, NUS Corporation and the Defense Department."
created: 2026-10-08
updated: 2026-10-08
relations:
- type: employed_by
with: "[[Yale University]]"
start: 1952
end: 1961
role: "member of the physics department faculty"
fn: 1
- type: employed_by
with: "[[General Electric]]"
start: 1961
end: 1969
role: "missile nose cone and re-entry vehicle work; general manager for the proposed Manned Orbiting Laboratory"
fn: 1
- type: head_of
with: "[[NUS Corporation]]"
start: 1969
end: 1972
role: "president"
fn: 1
- type: employed_by
with: "[[Department of Defense]]"
start: 1972
end: 1973
role: "first Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Technical Evaluation (obituary); deputy to the Assistant Secretary of Defense (I) (1972 letter)"
fn: 2
- type: head_of
with: "[[NASA]]"
start: 1973
end: 1980
role: "Headquarters Shuttle Program Director"
fn: 6
- type: employed_by
with: "[[Fairchild Industries]]"
role: "vice president for research and development, after leaving NASA (no dates given)"
fn: 1
- type: founded
with: "[[Malkin Associates]]"
role: "consulting firm, Malkin Associates Inc., after leaving Fairchild Industries"
fn: 1
- type: director_of
with: "[[Wackenhut Advanced Technologies Corporation]]"
start: 1979
end: 1980
role: "board member of NUSAC, Incorporated"
fn: 9
- type: spouse_of
with: "[[Jocelyn Schoen Malkin]]"
role: "psychiatrist; survived him in 1994"
fn: 1
---
Myron S. Malkin (1924 to 1994) was an American physicist and administrator who directed the [[Space Shuttle program]] at [[NASA]] headquarters from 1973 to 1980, after posts at [[Yale University]], [[General Electric]], [[NUS Corporation]] and the [[Department of Defense]].[^1]
### Education and military service
Born in [[Youngstown, Ohio]], Malkin enlisted in the [[United States Marine Corps]] during World War II and landed with the [[5th Marine Division]] at [[Iwo Jima]]. He began attending Yale College while in the service, graduated with honors in physics in 1948 as a member of [[Phi Beta Kappa]], and then received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in nuclear physics from Yale.[^1]
### Yale, General Electric and NUS Corporation
Malkin was a member of the physics faculty at Yale from 1952 to 1961. In 1961 he joined the General Electric Company, where until 1969 he worked on missile nose cones and re-entry vehicles for strategic ballistic missiles and served as general manager for the [[U.S. Air Force]] proposed [[Manned Orbiting Laboratory]], a space station program that was canceled before it began.[^1] From 1969 to 1972 he was president of NUS Corporation, a [[Rockville, Maryland]] company engaged in nuclear power plant engineering.[^1]
### Defense Department, 1972 to 1973
The obituary states that in 1972 Malkin was named the first Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Technical Evaluation, a job he held until he went to NASA.[^1] A letter of July 26, 1972, from [[Albert C. Hall]] to [[Richard Helms]], Director of Central Intelligence, states that Hall had appointed "my Deputy, Dr. M. S. Malkin, to represent ASD (I)" on an ad hoc panel to study [[SIGINT_COMINT|SIGINT]] issues before the September [[EXCOM]] meeting, with [[Dale Hamilton]] as alternate.[^2]
The Final Report of the COINS Review Group, dated February 1, 1973, lists "OASD(I), Chairman Dr. Myron S. Malkin Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (Technical Evaluation)" as head of the group's working group; the April 18, 1973 report of the COINS and IRAC working group carries the same listing.[^3] A [[Central Intelligence Agency]] memorandum of February 6, 1973 on a meeting with the COINS project manager refers to "the conclusions of the Malkin group as approved at its 26 January meeting."[^4] An undated National Security Council Intelligence Committee listing of task groups for working group case studies names "Dr. Myron Malkin, OASD(I)" as chairman of the cruise missile study.[^5]
### NASA Space Shuttle program, 1973 to 1980
The NASA history office lists "Myron (Mike) Malkin" as "the Headquarters Shuttle Program Director from 1973 to 1980."[^6] The obituary states that from 1973 to 1980 he led the effort to bring together the components that became the Space Shuttle, and that he pushed to have the orbiter, external fuel tank and twin solid-fueled booster rockets built on time and integrated as a system.[^1] The obituary quotes Jerry Grey of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics: "He really put the pieces together." It describes Malkin as "an efficient and sometimes cantankerous manager."[^1] A schedule of a nine-week CIA Senior Seminar, forwarded on August 4, 1978 to Loch Johnson after an Office of Training briefing, lists a session on "The Space Shuttle Program" with "Dr. Myron S. Malkin Space Shuttle Program Director, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)."[^7] Under the author name "Malkin, M. S.," the NASA Technical Reports Server holds papers he wrote on the program: "Space Shuttle - The new baseline" (1974 reprint), "The Space Shuttle - Key considerations" (1975), "Space Shuttle 1976 into mainstream development - Program commitments on schedule to insure careful progress" (1976), "Space Shuttle - Now and later" (1979), "The Space Shuttle" (1979 reprint) and "Planning Space Shuttle's maiden voyage" (1979, with R. F. Freitag). Their author affiliations read NASA Office of Manned Space Flight, NASA Office of Space Flight and NASA Headquarters.[^8]
### Later career
The obituary states that Malkin left NASA before the first shuttle flight in April 1981, and that he was in the control room as an agency consultant during that flight.[^1] It then names two later posts: vice president for research and development at [[Fairchild Industries]], and the consulting firm [[Malkin Associates]], Inc.[^1]
### NUSAC board, 1979 to 1980
The Winter 1979 to 1980 issue of the [[Institute of Nuclear Materials Management]] Journal reports the election of [[Brian J. L. Berry]] to the board of [[NUSAC, Incorporated]] of McLean, Virginia, a nuclear safeguards consultancy. The item names [[George R. Wackenhut]] as chairman and states that "Besides Dr. Lumb, the other members are Dr. Myron S. Malkin, Director of NASA's Space Shuttle Program, and [[Robert E. Miller]], Executive Vice President of [[Resources Science Corporation]]." The item also names [[Ralph F. Lumb]] as president.[^9] The same journal's Spring 1979 issue carries a Coral Gables, Florida dispatch of December 28 stating that [[Wackenhut Corporation]] had purchased the assets of NUSAC, Inc. for an undisclosed sum, and that Lumb would remain president.[^10]
NUSAC was established in 1968 as the Nuclear Surveillance and Auditing Corporation, 7777 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, Virginia, and was renamed NUSAC, Inc. by stockholder vote.[^11] A funeral-home obituary states that Lumb became president of NUSAC in 1971.[^12] The Journal lists NUS Corporation separately from NUSAC in contributor affiliations in the same volumes (for example David G. Ward, "Consulting Engineer, NUS Corporation," in 1979), and the records found do not state a corporate relationship between the two companies.[^9]
### Name in the Cabazon Arms letter
A letter over the name of [[Arthur Welmas]], president of [[Cabazon Arms]], on letterhead at 83-180 Requa Avenue, [[Indio, California]], is headed "CABAZON INDIAN SECURITY /WSI JOINT VENTURE" and is addressed to Timothy La France of [[La France Specialties]], San Diego, as "PERSONAL AND CONFIDENTIAL." It is dated "May 1" with no year printed. It describes a planned armaments manufacturing facility on the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation]] and states that "Several governments, which meet the U.S. State Department approval have stated their needs for this equipment." Names listed beneath Welmas's signature are [[Peter Zokosky]], "Bob Frye," "Dr. Myron Malkin," "Colonel Glade Flake," John James, Bruce James, [[John Paul Nichols]] and [[Wayne Reeder]].[^13] The letter that precedes it in the same folder refers to a business plan projection made in April 1982 and a staff visit "in early February with Dr. Frye and associates."[^13]
A Myron S. Malkin sat on the board of a Wackenhut-owned company in 1979 and 1980, and the Cabazon letter is headed as a "WSI" joint venture and sits in a folder labelled "Wackenhut-Correspondence." Malkin had held Defense Department intelligence-oversight posts in 1972 and 1973 and had worked on strategic missile re-entry vehicles from 1961. The Casolaro papers also hold interview notes in which a speaker refers to a "Dr. Malkin" in the context of a Department of Defense clearance (below). Records found do not establish that the Dr. Myron Malkin named on the letter is Myron S. Malkin, and no opened record places Malkin at Cabazon, with Michael Riconosciuto, or with Wackenhut after 1980.
### Clearance remark in the Gunderson interview notes
In a transcript in the Casolaro papers, an interviewer initialed "T.G." (initials matching [[Ted Gunderson]]) questions a speaker initialed "M.R." The speaker refers to gatherings in 1965 and 1966, to [[Timothy Leary]], refers to a man named Holbert and to events of July 1981, and speaks of "Paul's death" and a meeting with Fresno homicide investigators. On the subject of the Church of Set and [[Michael Aquino]], the speaker says: "Uh, now the reaction to Aquino that I got from Dr. Malkin was, "Well, his clearance isn't all that high."" Asked "Clearance where?", the speaker answers that it was Aquino's top secret clearance, adds that he does not know the nomenclature of the higher clearances, and states that Malkin said, in Defense Department terms, that Aquino was low. He states that almost everyone in Aquino's group is psy-ops or intelligence related.[^14]
The file's cover line begins with the name "Michael," and its first notes are headed "NOTES OF PHONE CONV. 12/29/87"; the date of the interview passage itself is not stated. Records found do not establish whether the speaker is [[Michael Riconosciuto]], or whether this "Dr. Malkin" is Myron S. Malkin.
### Death
Malkin died on the Monday before October 26, 1994, of heart failure, according to his family, at a hospital in [[Bethesda, Maryland]], where he lived. He was 70. He was survived by his wife, [[Jocelyn Schoen Malkin]], a psychiatrist, a son, Peter K. of White Plains, a daughter, [[Martha Malkin Zornow]], a brother and two sisters.[^1]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Warren E. Leary, "Myron S. Malkin Is Dead at 70; Designed Space Shuttle Program," New York Times, October 26, 1994, Section B, page 13. https://www.nytimes.com/1994/10/26/obituaries/myron-s-malkin-is-dead-at-70-designed-space-shuttle-program.html
[^2]: Letter, Albert C. Hall, Assistant Secretary of Defense, to Honorable Richard Helms, Director of Central Intelligence Agency, July 26, 1972 (DD/S&T# 2 6 JUL 1972). CIA CREST, CIA-RDP75B00514R000200220004-7. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp75b00514r000200220004-7
[^3]: "Final Report of the COINS Review Group," February 1, 1973, CIA-RDP79M00096A000300010003-7 (https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp79m00096a000300010003-7); "COINS, IRAC Working Group Report," April 18, 1973, CIA-RDP82M00531R000400010019-4 (https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp82m00531r000400010019-4). CIA CREST.
[^4]: Memorandum, February 6, 1973, "Meeting with COINS Project Manager, 2 Feb 73," CIA-RDP82M00531R000400010024-8. CIA CREST. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp82m00531r000400010024-8
[^5]: "Task Group Membership NSCIC Working Group Case Studies," undated, CIA-RDP84B00506R000100080018-8. CIA CREST. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp84b00506r000100080018-8
[^6]: NASA, biographies page for the STS-1 flight of April 12-14, 1981. https://www.nasa.gov/history/sts1/pages/bios.html
[^7]: Memorandum, Office of Training, "Transmittal of Material for Mr. Loch Johnson," OTR 78-8495, August 4, 1978, attaching Senior Seminar schedules (the session date is not stated in the text layer), CIA-RDP81M00980R001000050045-7. CIA CREST. https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp81m00980r001000050045-7
[^8]: NASA Technical Reports Server citations by "Malkin, M. S.": 74A17050 (https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19740034300), 75A13711 (https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19750029639), 76A16712 (https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19760033746), 79A36545 (https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19790052532), 79A21250 (https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19790037237) and 79A44248 (https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19790060235).
[^9]: Nuclear Materials Management (Journal of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management), vol. 8, no. 4 (Winter 1979-1980), item on the election of Brian J. L. Berry to the NUSAC board. https://resources.inmm.org/system/files/jnmm/vol_08/V-8_4.pdf
[^10]: Nuclear Materials Management (Journal of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management), vol. 8, no. 1 (Spring 1979), "Wackenhut Corporation Purchases NUSAC, Inc." https://resources.inmm.org/system/files/jnmm/vol_08/V-8_1.pdf
[^11]: Nuclear Materials Management (Journal of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management), vol. 1, no. 1 (April 1972), advertisement of the Nuclear Surveillance and Auditing Corporation, 7777 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church (https://resources.inmm.org/system/files/jnmm/vol_01/V-1_1.pdf); vol. 4, no. 1 (Spring 1975), item on the change of name to NUSAC, Inc. (https://resources.inmm.org/system/files/jnmm/vol_04/V-4_1.pdf).
[^12]: Obituary of Ralph Francis Lumb (1921 to 2023), A. J. Cunningham Funeral Homes. https://ajcunninghamfh.com/tribute/details/2916
[^13]: Arthur Welmas, letter on Cabazon Arms letterhead, 83-180 Requa Avenue, Indio, California, to La France Specialties, San Diego, dated "May 1" (year not printed), Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-Correspondence." https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks
[^14]: Ted Gunderson and Michael Riconosciuto interview notes, file "Folder 7 Acc5516" (archive.org casolaro-notebooks item, file "Folder 7 Acc5516.pdf", text layer). The passage is undated in the text layer. Sole source for the passages so cited. https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks

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10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Robert S. McNamara.md
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@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
---
updated: 2026-10-08
aliases:
- Robert McNamara
category: "Intelligence & Government"
@ -12,8 +13,15 @@ died: 2009-07-06
location: "San Francisco, California, USA"
---
Robert S. McNamara served as the Secretary of Defense under President [[John F. Kennedy]] and later under President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]]. He was involved in discussions regarding [[Israel]]'s nuclear program and the sale of advanced U.S. fighter aircraft to [[Israel]]. [[Abraham Feinberg]] directly intervened with McNamara, insisting that the [[United States]] should not interfere with [[Israel]]'s nuclear activities. McNamara cryptically acknowledged the basic problem of [[Israel]]'s existence as a question mark in history, which he understood as a reason for [[Israel]]'s desire for a nuclear bomb.[^1]
Robert S. McNamara served as the Secretary of Defense under President [[John F. Kennedy]] and later under President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]]. He was involved in discussions regarding [[Israel]]'s nuclear program and the sale of advanced U.S. fighter aircraft to Israel. [[Abraham Feinberg]] directly intervened with McNamara, insisting that the [[United States]] should not interfere with Israel's nuclear activities. McNamara cryptically acknowledged the basic problem of Israel's existence as a question mark in history, which he understood as a reason for Israel's desire for a nuclear bomb.[^1]
### The USS Liberty attack
In an affidavit released in October 2003, [[Ward Boston]] states that the president of the Navy's 1967 Court of Inquiry into the attack on the [[USS Liberty Incident|USS Liberty]], Admiral [[Isaac C. Kidd Jr.]], told him that McNamara and President Lyndon B. Johnson ordered the court to conclude that the attack was a case of mistaken identity.[^2] [[A. Jay Cristol]] quotes McNamara's July 1967 statement to the [[Senate Foreign Relations Committee]] that "it was the conclusion of the investigatory body headed by an Admiral of the Navy [Isaac C. Kidd, Jr.] in whom we have great confidence that the attack was not intentional. I read the record of investigation and I support that conclusion."[^3] The Chicago Tribune reported in 2007 that J. Q. Hart, a chief petty officer at a Navy relay station in Morocco, recalled hearing McNamara order Rear Admiral Lawrence Geis to recall the carrier aircraft sent toward the Liberty, and quoted Hart as recalling McNamara's words: "President [Lyndon] Johnson is not going to go to war or embarrass an American ally over a few sailors." McNamara, then 91, told the Tribune he had "absolutely no recollection of what I did that day."[^4]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991. Chapter 8.
[^1]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991. Chapter 8.
[^2]: Ward Boston Jr., affidavit as printed in the Congressional Record, Extensions of Remarks, October 11, 2004, pp. E1886-E1889, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CREC-2004-10-11/html/CREC-2004-10-11-pt1-PgE1886-3.htm; the same sentence is paragraph 16 of the declaration dated January 8, 2004, https://archive.org/download/boston-declaration/BostonDeclaration.pdf. Sole source for the Kidd conversation.
[^3]: A. Jay Cristol, History News Network, June 12, 2007. Cristol quotes the testimony with ellipses and cites it as released by the U.S. Government Printing Office in 1967. https://www.historynewsnetwork.org/article/why-you-shouldnt-pay-attention-to-the-claims-that-
[^4]: "New revelations in attack on American spy ship," *Chicago Tribune*, October 2, 2007. Hart's and McNamara's statements are as the Tribune reported them. https://www.chicagotribune.com/2007/10/02/new-revelations-in-attack-on-american-spy-ship/