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20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Atomic Energy Commission.md
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---
created: 2025-03-05
updated: 2026-10-05
updated: 2026-10-09
title: Atomic Energy Commission
aliases:
- Atomic Energy Commission
@ -84,15 +84,20 @@ In April 1955 [[Richard Bissell]] and Colonel [[Osmund Ritland]] of the [[Air Fo
The minutes of a conference on "aerial phenomena" held at 1300 on February 16, 1949 in room P-162 of the [[Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory]], classified Secret and later declassified on December 9, 1975, list among those present, from the [[Fourth Army]], the [[Armed Forces Special Weapons Project]], the [[University of New Mexico]] (Dr. [[Lincoln LaPaz]]), the FBI (Mr. Maxwell), the University of California ([[Norris Bradbury]], Dr. Holloway, Mr. Hoyt, Dr. Manley, [[Frederick Reines]] and [[Edward Teller]]) and "USAEC, SFOO: Mr. Morgan." Dr. LaPaz described the December 12, 1948 Starvation Peak fireball as of constant intensity and horizontal path, about two seconds in duration and of a green hue not observed in meteor falls, and said of the observed paths: "I defy you to find anywhere among meteorists, examples of conventional meteorites that move over long horizontal paths." Captain Neef of the Fourth Army stated that the Air Force's Project Sign "is now project Grudge, which includes the phenomena in New Mexico," and Teller said that from what LaPaz said, "it certainly sounds like everything else but meteors."[^13]
### Wilhelm Reich and the Argonne laboratory
The FBI's New York office recorded that in August 1949 [[Wilhelm Reich]]'s associate Washington telephoned that he had been detained for questioning at the Commission's [[Argonne National Laboratory|Argonne laboratory]] after a visit to Oak Ridge; on 24 August Reich telephoned the laboratory and was told by an officer that he could not say whether Washington was there. [[Myron Sharaf]] told the FBI's New York office on October 11, 1949 that Washington had "swindled them out of some money," that Reich feared the Russians might obtain the information, and that Mayer, security officer of the Argonne laboratory, had advised Reich to report to the FBI; Sharaf said that orgone energy "might serve as some defense to rays of radio-active material or atomic energy."[^14] A security official of the Commission in New York told the Bureau that Reich had approached the Commission in New York on several occasions and had presented his experiments to the Commission in Washington, which told him they were outside its scope; in the Bureau's words, the scientists of the Commission were of the opinion that Reich was mentally unsound in his scientific experiments.[^14] A Bureau memorandum of March 25, 1954 describes the Institute's work as discredited by the Commission and the FDA.[^15] On October 7, 1955 Assistant Director L. B. Nichols wrote that on February 23, 1954 he had told Reich's attorney Asa Richardson that the Bureau had no current interest in Reich and that he might check with the Immigration and Naturalization Service and the Atomic Energy Commission.[^16]
### Seats on the intelligence advisory bodies
The Central Intelligence Agency's history of the Directors of Central Intelligence records that the commission was represented on the Intelligence Advisory Committee chaired by the Director, alongside the FBI and the military and State Department intelligence chiefs, and on its successor the United States Intelligence Board, on which Donald R. Cotter represented the commission in 1972 when the Board met under Director [[Richard Helms]].[^14]
The Central Intelligence Agency's history of the Directors of Central Intelligence records that the commission was represented on the Intelligence Advisory Committee chaired by the Director, alongside the FBI and the military and State Department intelligence chiefs, and on its successor the United States Intelligence Board, on which Donald R. Cotter represented the commission in 1972 when the Board met under Director [[Richard Helms]].[^17]
### The commission's grants in the psi files
The CIA's STARGATE collection includes the 1972 paper by [[Stuart J. Freedman]] and [[John F. Clauser]], "Experimental Test of Local Hidden-Variable Theories," whose acknowledgements state that the work was "supported by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission," and the 1979 [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] biography of [[Edwin C. May]], who joined the Grill Flame remote perturbation work, lists among his publications the 1969 "Proposal to the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission for Procurement of a Computer Implemented Nuclear Data Acquisition and Control System," [[Crocker Nuclear Laboratory]] Report UCD-112.[^15]
The CIA's STARGATE collection includes the 1972 paper by [[Stuart J. Freedman]] and [[John F. Clauser]], "Experimental Test of Local Hidden-Variable Theories," whose acknowledgements state that the work was "supported by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission," and the 1979 [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] biography of [[Edwin C. May]], who joined the Grill Flame remote perturbation work, lists among his publications the 1969 "Proposal to the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission for Procurement of a Computer Implemented Nuclear Data Acquisition and Control System," [[Crocker Nuclear Laboratory]] Report UCD-112.[^18]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Atomic Energy Act of 1946, Public Law 585, 60 Stat. 755, approved August 1, 1946, sections 2(a), 10(b) and 15, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-60/pdf/STATUTE-60-Pg755.pdf.
[^2]: Energy Reorganization Act of 1974, Public Law 93-438, 88 Stat. 1233, October 11, 1974, section 101, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-88/pdf/STATUTE-88-Pg1233.pdf.
[^3]: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, *A Short History of Nuclear Regulation* (NUREG/BR-0533), introduction, https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/nuregs/brochures/br0533/ (archived copy: https://web.archive.org/web/2022/https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/nuregs/brochures/br0533/).
@ -106,5 +111,8 @@ The CIA's STARGATE collection includes the 1972 paper by [[Stuart J. Freedman]]
[^11]: John Fialka, "Helms Says He Can't Recall LBJ Talk on Israeli A-Bomb," *The Washington Star*, March 2, 1978, CIA-RDP88-01315R000400060012-2, https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp88-01315r000400060012-2; "Ex-CIA Aide Says Johnson Quashed Israel A-Bomb Data," *The Washington Post*, March 2, 1978, CIA-RDP88-01315R000400060010-4, https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp88-01315r000400060010-4. Duckett is the sole source for the CIA's view of the diversion question.
[^12]: Gregory W. Pedlow and Donald E. Welzenbach, *The Central Intelligence Agency and Overhead Reconnaissance: The U-2 and OXCART Programs, 1954-1974* (CIA History Staff, 1992), chapter 2, "Developing the U-2," pp. 56 to 57, https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB434/docs/U2%20-%20Chapter%202.pdf.
[^13]: Minutes, "Conference on Aerial Phenomena," Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, February 16, 1949, transcribed at https://ufologie.patrickgross.org/bb/caop16feb1949-01.htm (pages 01, 02, 03, 05 and 18).
[^14]: Douglas F. Garthoff, *Directors of Central Intelligence as Leaders of the U.S. Intelligence Community, 1946-2005* (Center for the Study of Intelligence, 2007), chapter 1 and the 1972 United States Intelligence Board photograph caption, https://www.cia.gov/resources/csi/static/159886efc8ff17ac93a5ffc027d9a6a0/dci_leaders.pdf.
[^15]: Freedman and Clauser, "Experimental Test of Local Hidden-Variable Theories," Physical Review Letters (1972), CIA-RDP96-00787R000200080052-7, https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00787r000200080052-7; Proposed Grill Flame Protocol, Task II, SRI 9-4186, May 8, 1979, biography and publications of Edwin C. May, CIA-RDP96-00788R001300080001-0, https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00788r001300080001-0.
[^14]: FBI New York letter to the Director, NY 62-10139, Sharaf interview of October 11, 1949, Wilhelm Reich FBI file, Part 2 (PDF pages 10 to 13), https://archive.org/details/WilhelmReichFBI.
[^15]: M. A. Jones to Mr. Nichols, March 25, 1954, same file, Part 2 (PDF pages 44 to 46).
[^16]: L. B. Nichols to Mr. Tolson, office memorandum of October 7, 1955, same file, Part 2 (PDF page 109).
[^17]: Douglas F. Garthoff, *Directors of Central Intelligence as Leaders of the U.S. Intelligence Community, 1946-2005* (Center for the Study of Intelligence, 2007), chapter 1 and the 1972 United States Intelligence Board photograph caption, https://www.cia.gov/resources/csi/static/159886efc8ff17ac93a5ffc027d9a6a0/dci_leaders.pdf.
[^18]: Freedman and Clauser, "Experimental Test of Local Hidden-Variable Theories," Physical Review Letters (1972), CIA-RDP96-00787R000200080052-7, https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00787r000200080052-7; Proposed Grill Flame Protocol, Task II, SRI 9-4186, May 8, 1979, biography and publications of Edwin C. May, CIA-RDP96-00788R001300080001-0, https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp96-00788r001300080001-0.