vault backup: 2026-09-22 16:48:54

10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Alan Standorf.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+---
+category: "PROMIS Scandal"
+tags:
+  - Person
+  - AlanStandorf
+  - NSA
+  - Casolaro
+  - PROMIS
+  - BCCI
+  - SuspiciousDeath
+alias:
+  - Alan David Standorf
+summary: "Civilian analyst at Vint Hill Farms Station, the Army-run NSA post in Virginia, found beaten to death in his car at Washington National Airport in January 1991, whom Bill Turner named as a source of the BCCI and PROMIS documents in Danny Casolaro's missing briefcase."
+died: 1991-01
+location: "Vint Hill Farms Station, Virginia"
+created: 2026-09-22
+updated: 2026-09-22
+---
+
+Alan Standorf was a civilian employee, described by the airport detectives who investigated his death as "a low-level analyst," at [[Vint Hill Farms Station]], the military reservation outside Warrenton, [[Virginia]], "which is run by the army for the [[National Security Agency]]." He died of a blow to the head around January 3, 1991; his body, wrapped in his coat, was found stuffed in the back seat of his car at Washington National Airport on January 28. He had withdrawn 500 dollars from a cash machine shortly before he died, no money was found with the body, and a handgun was missing. Because he worked at a restricted facility, an Army intelligence investigator spent two days with the detectives of the National Airport Authority going over the evidence, and an Army intelligence officer looked for any sign that the death was related to his work; finding no suspect, the detectives took the case for a robbery with the body dumped at the airport.[^1]
+
+### The Casolaro Connection
+
+[[Danny Casolaro]] was found dead in a Martinsburg, [[West Virginia]], hotel on August 10, 1991, without the briefcase of documents he had been carrying. [[Bill Turner]], the former Hughes Aircraft employee who had met him the day before, said the briefcase held material Casolaro had "received from Alan Standorf" together with documents "concerning modified PROMIS software sales to Canada, Australia, and Israel," and it was Turner, the Village Voice reported, who was "the source of the rumor" that reached the airport detectives that Casolaro had been investigating Standorf's death. On September 4, 1991, the two detectives came to the Martinsburg police station while Casolaro's son, sister and a family friend were there to collect his car, and told the family they were investigating Standorf's murder. When the two police forces met, "they realized that neither one had any evidence linking Casolaro and Standorf"; the story that a business card of one had been found on the other's body was false. Later accounts describe Standorf as a first lieutenant in electronic intelligence and say [[Michael Riconosciuto]] introduced him to Casolaro in 1990 as a source on the [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]] and [[PROMIS]].[^1][^2]
+
+### Footnotes
+
+[^1]: Ridgeway, James, and Doug Vaughan. "The Last Days of Danny Casolaro: Murder or Suicide," *The Village Voice,* October 15, 1991, pp. 31-43, part 1, as reprinted at https://survivorbb.rapeutation.com/viewtopic.php?f=218&t=2794
+[^2]: "Son of Slain Journalist Who Exposed Web of CIA Corruption Calling For New Murder Investigation," *CovertAction Magazine,* September 4, 2023 (which gives January 31, 1991, as the date the body was found). https://covertactionmagazine.com/2023/09/04/son-of-slain-journalist-who-exposed-web-of-cia-corruption-calling-for-new-murder-investigation/ The rank, the Riconosciuto introduction and the BCCI documents are as given in later accounts not examined.

10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Anthony Pasciuto.md

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-category: "Belgium Scandals"
+category: "PROMIS Scandal"
 tags:
   - Person
   - Belgium
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ summary: "Anthony Pasciuto was the Deputy Director of the Executive Office of U.
 
 Anthony Pasciuto was the Deputy Director of the Executive Office of U.S. Trustees (EOUST) within the [[Department of Justice|DOJ]]. He became a central figure in [[INSLAW|Inslaw]]'s allegations of a plot to convert its bankruptcy to a liquidation and a subsequent cover-up.
 
-Inslaw's primary allegation stemmed from a private conversation [[Bill Hamilton]] and [[Nancy Hamilton]] had with Pasciuto in March 1987. According to Nancy Hamilton's later testimony, Pasciuto told them that the Director of EOUST, [[Thomas Stanton]], had pressured the U.S. Trustee assigned to the [[INSLAW]] case, [[Philip White]], to convert the case to Chapter 7. Pasciuto also allegedly told the Hamiltons that Stanton had tried to detail a talented attorney from the U.S. Trustee's Office in the Southern District of New York, [[Harry Jones]], to Washington D.C., to work on converting the Inslaw case. This allegation was initially supported by the deposition testimony of [[Cornelius Blackshear]], then a U.S. Bankruptcy Judge, who swore that White had told him Stanton wanted the Inslaw case converted and a particular attorney from Blackshear's office assigned to handle it.[^1]
+Inslaw's primary allegation stemmed from a private conversation [[Bill Hamilton]] and [[Nancy Hamilton]] had with Pasciuto in March 1987. According to Nancy Hamilton's later testimony, Pasciuto told them that the Director of EOUST, [[Thomas Stanton]], had pressured the U.S. Trustee assigned to the [[INSLAW]] case, [[William White]], to convert the case to Chapter 7. Pasciuto also allegedly told the Hamiltons that Stanton had tried to detail a talented attorney from the U.S. Trustee's Office in the Southern District of New York, [[Harry Jones]], to Washington D.C., to work on converting the Inslaw case. This allegation was initially supported by the deposition testimony of [[Cornelius Blackshear]], then a U.S. Bankruptcy Judge, who swore that White had told him Stanton wanted the Inslaw case converted and a particular attorney from Blackshear's office assigned to handle it.[^1]
 
 However, Pasciuto's testimony and statements were found to be highly unreliable by the Special Counsel's investigation. Pasciuto himself testified during the Independent Handling hearing that no one had ever told him Stanton pressured White to convert the case, and he had no personal knowledge of the subject. He admitted that if he did tell the Hamiltons of such pressure, it was because he was very upset and would have done anything, including exaggerating and making things up, to hurt Stanton, his boss, with whom he was having problems. Pasciuto later changed his story, claiming that his initial statements to the Hamiltons were true and that his trial testimony was influenced by pressure from the DOJ and the lack of corroboration from Blackshear and White.[^1]
 

10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Gerard John Schaefer.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+category: "Crime & Abuse Networks"
+tags:
+  - Person
+  - GerardJohnSchaefer
+  - Florida
+  - SerialKiller
+  - Wackenhut
+  - MartinCounty
+alias:
+  - Gerard Schaefer
+  - G.J. Schaefer
+  - Killer Cop
+  - Butcher of Blind Creek
+summary: "Martin County, Florida, deputy sheriff convicted in 1973 of two murders and linked by recovered possessions to at least six missing women, and by one account a Wackenhut security guard in 1970."
+born: 1946-03-26
+died: 1995-12-03
+location: "Fort Lauderdale, Florida"
+created: 2026-09-22
+updated: 2026-09-22
+---
+
+Gerard John Schaefer (March 26, 1946, Neenah, Wisconsin, to December 3, 1995, Florida State Prison) was a [[Martin County, Florida|Martin County]] deputy sheriff convicted in September 1973 of the first-degree murders of Susan Place and Georgia Jessup, two teenagers whose remains were found on Hutchinson Island on April 1, 1973. A trunk and jewelry box seized from his mother's house in [[Fort Lauderdale]] held jewelry, teeth, identity documents and photographs belonging to or depicting other women who had disappeared in southern [[Florida]] between 1969 and 1973. He was never charged with those deaths. Within a month of joining the sheriff's office he abducted two hitchhikers, [[Nancy Trotter]] and Paula Sue Wells, handcuffed and gagged them and tied them to trees with nooses at their necks, then left; both escaped. Trotter and Wells told a state investigator the next day that he had talked of selling them into "white slavery" and had "started estimating how much he could get for us."[^1][^2][^3]
+
+### Teaching, Security Work and the Police
+
+Schaefer grew up in Nashville, Atlanta and, from 1960, Fort Lauderdale, graduated from St. Thomas Aquinas High School in 1964, and took a degree at [[Florida Atlantic University]] in 1968; a university psychological evaluation that year found "impairment in reality testing." He student-taught geography at Plantation High School from September 23 to November 7, 1969, when he was dismissed after complaints from students and parents, and was let go from a second internship at Stranahan High School about seven weeks after it began on April 2, 1970. His first wife, Martha Fogg, divorced him on May 2, 1970, on grounds of extreme cruelty. He then travelled in Europe and North Africa, and on his return took work as a security guard, with the [[Wackenhut Corporation]] by one account and Florida Power & Light by another.[^1][^3][^4]
+
+Applying to the Wilton Manors police (the year is given as both 1970 and 1971), he claimed two years as a research assistant at the university and said he had recently returned from [[Morocco]]; the department did not check. He had already failed the [[Broward County Sheriff's Office|Broward County Sheriff's Department]] psychological test. Wilton Manors dismissed him after six months for what its chief, Bernard Scott, called "a lack of common sense," and Martin County hired him as a deputy in June 1972 on the strength of a forged Wilton Manors recommendation.[^1][^3]
+
+### Evidence, Trial and Prison
+
+Searches in April 1973 recovered a locket engraved "LEIGH" belonging to Leigh Hainline Bonadies, a teenage neighbor of Schaefer's missing since September 1969; two teeth and a gold shamrock pin of Carmen Hallock, who had vanished in December 1969, together with a story of Schaefer's about the hanging of a woman in a black chiffon dress, the outfit Hallock was last seen in; the driver's license of Barbara Wilcox and passport of Collette Goodenough, hitchhikers last seen in January 1973; a chain and Madonna pin of Mary Briscolina, 14, missing with Elsie Farmer, 13, since October 1972; teeth and bone attributed to at least eight people; and photographs of women hanged or mutilated whose subjects police could not identify, along with pictures of Schaefer in women's clothing simulating his own hanging. Among the papers was a letter dated July 20, 1971, from a correspondent he had met in Morocco in 1970, enclosing a large number of pictures, several of women mutilated with bladed weapons; by a later account the correspondent wrote from Brunswick East, Victoria, and had taken the pictures in a village in the Sahara after what he called a "wog massacre" of Europeans and Arabs. Georgia Jessup's suede purse was in the possession of Schaefer's second wife, Teresa Dean, who said he had given it to her; when he pressed her and her brother Henry Dean to discard it, Dean gave it to police. The trunk held items from "at least six other women and girls." The jury convicted him on September 27, 1973, after about five hours, and he received two concurrent life terms on October 4.[^1][^2][^3][^5]
+
+In prison he wrote the stories later published with [[Sondra London]] as Killer Fiction, described conversations with [[Ted Bundy]], whom he called "a tyro when he nabbed Ott and Naslund," and forged letters in the name of [[Ottis Toole]] to John Walsh, Sears and Florida newspapers on the promise of a book deal. He sued London three times, and also [[Michael Newton]], Colin Wilson, Robert Ressler and Patrick Kendrick, for calling him a serial killer; the suits against London were dismissed after she filed his handwritten confessions as an exhibit, the Seventh Circuit affirmed judgment for Newton in June 1995, and the Wilson court declared him libel-proof. He was found stabbed more than forty times in his cell on December 3, 1995. Vincent Faustino Rivera was convicted of the killing in 1999; the official account gave a quarrel over hot water, while letters from Danny Rolling to London describe Schaefer as a "manipulating SNITCH" whose cell had twice been set on fire.[^2][^3][^6][^7]
+
+### Footnotes
+
+[^1]: "Crime: Bluebeard on the Beach," *Time,* May 28, 1973, p. 31 (the 1968 evaluation, the Broward rejection, Chief Scott, the trunk, and the arrest 22 days into the Martin County job). https://time.com/archive/6844470/crime-bluebeard-on-the-beach/
+[^2]: London, Sondra. "Killer Cop," introductory essay to Schaefer, G.J., as told to Sondra London, *Killer Fiction,* Feral House, 1997 (reissued 2011); reproduces the investigator Littman's interview of Trotter and Wells, Schaefer's Bundy letter, the litigation and Rolling's letters. Archived at http://web.archive.org/web/20180514185819/http://sondralondon.com/tales/cop/index.htm
+[^3]: "The Butcher of Blind Creek: Gerard John Schaefer," *CrimeCult,* November 16, 2024, a compilation drawing on *Palm Beach Post* coverage of May 1973 and Lane, Brian, *Real-Life Crimes,* Eaglemoss, 1992-93; the underlying clippings, on newspapers.com, were not examined. https://www.crimecult.com/p/gerard-john-schaefer
+[^4]: The Wackenhut attribution is Lane, Brian, "Gerard Schaefer," *Real-Life Crimes,* Eaglemoss, London, 1992-93, p. 162, as cited in later accounts and not examined directly; the Crime Library profile of Schaefer, intermittently offline, gives the employer as "Florida Light and Power." No account describes his duties, names who hired him, or connects him to other Wackenhut personnel.
+[^5]: The letter's date and the pictures of mutilated women are in the CrimeCult account. The Brunswick East origin, the Moroccan acquaintance of summer 1970 and the "village in the Sahara" after a "wog massacre" are given only in Kendrick, Patrick, *American Ripper: The Enigma of America's Serial Killer Cop,* BluewaterPress, 2020, pp. 224-225, as summarized in later accounts; the book was not available for examination, and the letter is not mentioned in London's essay or in any 1973 press account located. A count of 37 Polaroids is attributed to "'Grave' Site Probed for More Victims," *Fort Lauderdale News,* May 24, 1973, not examined. Kendrick's earlier *Extended Family* is a novel drawing on the case; "Up Close: Patrick Kendrick," *The Big Thrill,* August 2020. https://www.thebigthrill.org/2020/08/up-close-patrick-kendrick/
+[^6]: Gilmore, Tim. "Stalking Ottis Toole, chapter 109: Framing Ottis Toole," *Jax Psycho Geo,* correcting the account in Matthews, Joe, and Les Standiford, *Bringing Adam Home,* 2011. https://jaxpsychogeo.com/north/springfield-ottis-toole-house/ottis-toole/stalking-ottis-toole-chapter-109/
+[^7]: *Schaefer v. Newton,* 57 F.3d 1073 (7th Cir. 1995) (unpublished order affirming summary judgment; text not examined). The Rivera conviction and the hot-water account are in the CrimeCult compilation.

10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Kim Roosevelt.md

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 ---
-category: "PROMIS Scandal"
+category: "Intelligence & Government"
 tags:
   - Person
-  - PROMIS
   - CIA
 summary: "CIA officer who developed intelligence contacts with international arms merchant Adnan Khashoggi, a key figure in the Saudi-Israeli-American arms network."
 born: 1916-02-16

10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Lee Rawls.md

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+---
+category: "Law Enforcement & Legal"
+tags:
+  - Person
+  - LeeRawls
+  - DOJ
+  - BNL
+  - INSLAW
+  - Senate
+  - FBI
+alias:
+  - W. Lee Rawls
+  - William Lee Rawls
+summary: "Justice Department legislative affairs chief under Thornburgh who advised him how to thwart the House Banking Committee's BNL inquiry and corresponded with the House Judiciary Committee during its INSLAW investigation; later chief of staff to Senator Frist and to FBI Director Mueller."
+died: 2010-12
+location: "Washington, D.C."
+created: 2026-09-22
+updated: 2026-09-22
+---
+
+W. Lee Rawls (Newport, Rhode Island, to December 2010, aged 66) was the [[Department of Justice]]'s assistant attorney general for legislative affairs under [[Richard Thornburgh]], the department's liaison to Congress in the years when the [[House Committee on the Judiciary]] under [[Jack Brooks]] was demanding [[INSLAW]] documents and the [[House Banking Committee]] under Henry Gonzalez was opening its inquiry into the [[Banca Nazionale del Lavoro]] loans to [[Iraq]]. A Princeton graduate of 1966 with a law degree from [[George Washington University]], he began as a legislative specialist at the Environmental Protection Agency, was chief of staff to Senator [[Pete Domenici]] by 1975, and served as staff director of the [[Senate Judiciary Committee]] before joining the department.[^1]
+
+### Thornburgh's Congress Man
+
+In 1990, as Gonzalez prepared a full-scale investigation of the Atlanta branch of BNL, Rawls wrote Thornburgh a briefing memorandum: "Our best attempt to thwart any further congressional inquiry by the House Banking Committee into this case is to have you contact Chairman Gonzalez directly." Gonzalez declined to take the attorney general's call, and Thornburgh wrote to him of his "profound disappointment." In May and July 1991 Rawls corresponded on the department's behalf with the House Judiciary Committee during its INSLAW investigation.[^2][^3]
+
+### Later Career
+
+Rawls was chief of staff to Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist from 2003 to 2005 and then chief of staff and senior counsel to [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] Director [[Robert Mueller]] until 2009. In private practice he was a partner at Vinson & Elkins and managing partner of the Washington office of Howard Baker's firm, Baker Donelson; he taught at the National Defense University and the College of William and Mary, was a public policy scholar at the Woodrow Wilson Center, and in 2009 published In Praise of Deadlock, a defense of the Senate filibuster. He died of acute leukemia in December 2010.[^1]
+
+### Footnotes
+
+[^1]: "W. Lee Rawls, Justice Department official and Senate aide," obituary, *The Washington Post,* December 2010; Princeton Alumni Weekly memorial, Class of 1966; "Lee Rawls, Former Chief of Staff to FBI Director Mueller, Dies," *Tickle the Wire,* December 2010. The three obituaries agree on the career; none was opened in full, and the biographical details rest on their summaries.
+[^2]: Friedman, Alan. *Spider's Web: The Secret History of How the White House Illegally Armed Iraq,* Bantam, 1993, pp. 193-194.
+[^3]: U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary. *The INSLAW Affair,* H. Rept. 102-857, September 10, 1992, correspondence of May and July 1991 (the letters' contents were not examined). https://archive.org/details/InslawAffairInvestigativeReport

10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Mark M. Richard.md

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+---
+category: "Law Enforcement & Legal"
+tags:
+  - Person
+  - MarkRichard
+  - PROMIS
+  - INSLAW
+  - DOJ
+  - Pollard
+  - IranContra
+alias:
+  - Mark Richard
+  - Mark Richards
+summary: "Deputy assistant attorney general in the Criminal Division for twenty years, named by a Senate investigator's source as knowing of Lowell Jensen's conduct in the INSLAW matter and questioned by the Bua inquiry over the Office of Special Investigations; he called INSLAW's charges slanderous."
+died: 2009-05-23
+location: "Washington, D.C."
+created: 2026-09-22
+updated: 2026-09-22
+---
+
+Mark M. Richard (died May 23, 2009, Charlottesville, [[Virginia]], aged 69) was a career prosecutor of the [[Department of Justice]] for forty years, serving sixteen attorneys general from Ramsey Clark to Alberto Gonzales. Born in New York and raised in Brooklyn, he worked as a probation officer, graduated from Brooklyn Law School in 1967 and joined the department the same year, becoming chief of the fraud section. In 1979 he was made deputy assistant attorney general in the Criminal Division, a post he held for twenty years. He had a hand in the inquiry into Carter's budget director Bert Lance, the Billy Carter Libya lobbying case, the [[Jonathan Pollard]] espionage prosecution, the federal intervention at Waco and the mid-1990s investigation of Democratic National Committee contributions. From 1999 to 2007 he was the department's representative to the [[European Union]], leading counterterrorism coordination after September 2001 and negotiating extradition and mutual legal assistance treaties. He received the Presidential Rank Award, two Attorney General's Exceptional Service Awards and the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] Director's Award; Attorney General Eric Holder spoke at his funeral, and the Criminal Division named a memorial award for him.[^1]
+
+### Pollard and Iran-Contra
+
+In 1986 [[Leonard Garment]] informed U.S. Attorney [[Joseph E. diGenova]] and Richard that he was withdrawing from the representation of the Israeli officer Aviem Sella in the Pollard matter. Richard's handwritten notes of a department briefing on the Iran-Contra figure [[Scott Weekly]] recorded: "Weekly posts on tape that he's tied into CIA and Hasenfus. Said he reports to people reporting to Bush."[^2][^3]
+
+### The INSLAW Inquiry
+
+A career department source of [[Ronald LeGrand]], chief investigator of the [[Senate Judiciary Committee]], said that Richard, [[John Keeney]] and [[Philip White]] knew "all about" [[Lowell Jensen]]'s conduct in the [[INSLAW]] matter and that Richard and White were "pretty upset" about it but would speak only under subpoena and oath. Interviewed by the special counsel [[Nicholas J. Bua]], Richard said he had no knowledge of any wrongdoing by Jensen generally or of the kind described in [[Bill Hamilton]]'s affidavit, and Bua found no credible evidence for the allegation. INSLAW also suggested that the [[Office of Special Investigations]], the Nazi-hunting unit within the Criminal Division, was a covert intelligence arm distributing [[PROMIS]]. Bua's report records his reply: "Mr. Richard stated that INSLAW's charges are ridiculous. He said that OSI is only involved in its stated mission of locating and deporting Nazi war criminals and in related projects such as the analysis of Kurt Waldheim's role during World War II. He did, however, note that OSI does work with various intelligence agencies in fulfilling its mandate of locating war criminals. He categorically denied any involvement by OSI in covert operations, the dissemination of PROMIS or the death of Mr. Casolaro. He said that he considers these and other allegations made by INSLAW to be slanderous."[^4]
+
+### Footnotes
+
+[^1]: "Mark M. Richard, Career Prosecutor With the Justice Department, Dies at 69," *The Washington Post,* June 3, 2009. Archived at http://web.archive.org/web/20141225083941/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/06/03/AR2009060303700.html
+[^2]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option,* Random House, 1991, ch. 21.
+[^3]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance,* Seven Stories, 1998, ch. 19.
+[^4]: U.S. Department of Justice. *Report of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua to the Attorney General of the United States Regarding the Allegations of Inslaw, Inc.,* March 1993, p. 120 and the section on the Office of Special Investigations. https://archive.org/details/InslawPROMISBuaReport

10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Mark Richards.md

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
----
-category: "PROMIS Scandal"
-tags:
-  - Person
-  - PROMIS
-  - CIA
-  - DoJ
-  - Lawyer
-  - INSLAW
-summary: "Mark Richards was a career Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Criminal Division of the DOJ."
----
-
-Mark Richards was a career Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Criminal Division of the [[Department of Justice|DOJ]]. He was implicated in allegations surrounding the [[PROMIS Software Scandal]].
-
-According to a source of [[Ronald LeGrand]], Richards, along with [[John Keeney]] and [[Philip White]], knew "all about" [[Lowell Jensen]]'s alleged malfeasance in the Inslaw matter. The source believed that while Richards and White were "pretty upset" about it, they would not disclose what they knew except under subpoena and oath, and that they would not commit perjury.[^1]
-
-However, when interviewed by the Special Counsel, Mark Richards stated that he had no knowledge of any wrongdoing by Lowell Jensen generally, or of the type of wrongdoing described in the Hamilton affidavit specifically. The Special Counsel's investigation found no credible evidence to support the allegations against Richards or any connection between him and a conspiracy related to [[INSLAW|Inslaw]] or [[PROMIS]].[^1]
-
-### Footnotes
-
-[^1]: U.S. Department of Justice. *Report of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua to the Attorney General of the United States Regarding the Allegations of Inslaw, Inc.* March 1993.

10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Thomas Stanton.md

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-category: "Belgium Scandals"
+category: "PROMIS Scandal"
 tags:
   - Person
   - Belgium
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ summary: "Thomas Stanton was the Director of the Executive Office of U.S."
 
 Thomas Stanton was the Director of the Executive Office of U.S. Trustees (EOUST) within the [[Department of Justice|DOJ]]. He became a central figure in [[INSLAW|Inslaw]]'s allegations of a plot to convert its bankruptcy to a liquidation and a subsequent cover-up.
 
-According to [[Anthony Pasciuto]], then Deputy Director of EOUST, Stanton had pressured [[Philip White]], the U.S. Trustee assigned to the Inslaw case, to convert Inslaw's Chapter 11 reorganization to a Chapter 7 liquidation. Pasciuto also alleged that Stanton tried to detail [[Harry Jones]], an attorney from the U.S. Trustee's Office, to Washington D.C. to work on converting the Inslaw case. [[Cornelius Blackshear]], then a U.S. Bankruptcy Judge, initially testified that White had told him of Stanton's pressure. Bankruptcy Judge Bason, in his findings, concluded that Stanton struck a bargain with [[C. Madison Brewer]] to liquidate [[INSLAW]] to rid the DOJ of its contract problems, and that Stanton made this commitment to curry favor with the EOUSA and higher DOJ officials to secure support for making the temporary U.S. Trustee program permanent. Bason believed Stanton agreed to pressure White and, when White resisted, sought to detail Jones to accomplish the conversion. However, the Special Counsel's investigation found that Stanton and Brewer denied any such discussions, and that Stanton testified he only briefly considered transferring Jones to assist with the Inslaw matter due to its high-profile nature, not to effect a conversion.[^1]
+According to [[Anthony Pasciuto]], then Deputy Director of EOUST, Stanton had pressured [[William White]], the U.S. Trustee assigned to the Inslaw case, to convert Inslaw's Chapter 11 reorganization to a Chapter 7 liquidation. Pasciuto also alleged that Stanton tried to detail [[Harry Jones]], an attorney from the U.S. Trustee's Office, to Washington D.C. to work on converting the Inslaw case. [[Cornelius Blackshear]], then a U.S. Bankruptcy Judge, initially testified that White had told him of Stanton's pressure. Bankruptcy Judge Bason, in his findings, concluded that Stanton struck a bargain with [[C. Madison Brewer]] to liquidate [[INSLAW]] to rid the DOJ of its contract problems, and that Stanton made this commitment to curry favor with the EOUSA and higher DOJ officials to secure support for making the temporary U.S. Trustee program permanent. Bason believed Stanton agreed to pressure White and, when White resisted, sought to detail Jones to accomplish the conversion. However, the Special Counsel's investigation found that Stanton and Brewer denied any such discussions, and that Stanton testified he only briefly considered transferring Jones to assist with the Inslaw matter due to its high-profile nature, not to effect a conversion.[^1]
 
 The Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR) investigated allegations against Stanton and others, concluding that Bankruptcy Judge Bason's findings on the Independent Handling proceeding were "clearly erroneous" and that there was no evidence that DOJ employees had tried to pressure White to convert Inslaw's case. OPR also found no evidence that DOJ officials had lied to cover up a conversion effort. The Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations (PSI) also investigated the matter, finding "no proof that an effort to convert Inslaw's bankruptcy proceedings was conducted by individuals beyond those the Bankruptcy Court had found responsible." The PSI noted that Stanton urged special treatment for the Inslaw case because he saw it as a means of favorably impressing the DOJ and ensuring continued support for his office, which, while improper, did not equate to the conspiracy alleged by the Hamiltons. The Special Counsel's investigation concluded that there was insufficient evidence to establish that the DOJ and Stanton endeavored to have the Inslaw case converted or engaged in any cover-up. It noted that a scheme to convert Inslaw would have been self-defeating, as only the Bankruptcy Court could order conversion, and the facts of the Inslaw case would not have supported such a motion.[^1]