disinfozone/The_Info_Web
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Projects Releases Packages Wiki Activity Actions

vault backup: 2026-10-09 18:44:02

Browse source
This commit is contained in:
disinfo.zone 2026-10-09 18:44:02 -04:00
parent 2deadc9f92
commit 3bb657ab39
No known key found for this signature in database
12 changed files with 302 additions and 134 deletions
Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

159
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Cabazon Security Corporation.md Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
---
title: Cabazon Security Corporation
aliases:
- Cabazon Security Corporation
- Cabazon Security Corp.
- Cabazon Arms
- Cabazon Arms Co.
- CSC
- CSC/WSI Joint Venture
- Cabazon Indian Security
- Cabazon Indian Security/WSI Joint Venture
- Wackenhut/Cabazon Joint Venture
created: 2026-10-09
updated: 2026-10-09
category: "Private Organization"
tags:
- Organization
- Private
- Security
- ArmsTrade
- CabazonBand
- Wackenhut
- Indio
- California
- ContraWar
- PROMIS
summary: "Security company formed in early 1981 by the Cabazon Band of Mission Indians and Wackenhut Services, Inc., whose correspondence also uses the name Cabazon Arms."
location: "Indio, California"
start: 1981-04
relations:
- type: partner_of
with: "[[Wackenhut Corporation]]"
start: 1981-04
role: "joint venture agreement signed by A. Robert Frye for Wackenhut Services, Inc., a subsidiary of Wackenhut Corporation"
fn: 2
- type: partner_of
with: "[[Cabazon Indian Reservation|Cabazon Band of Mission Indians]]"
start: 1981-04
role: "agreement signed by Tribal Chairman Arthur Welmas for the corporation"
fn: 2
- type: participant_in
with: "[[Robert Frye]]"
reverse: true
start: 1981-04
role: "president of Wackenhut Services, Inc., responded to the capabilities solicitation and signed for Wackenhut"
fn: 1
- type: participant_in
with: "[[Arthur Welmas]]"
reverse: true
start: 1981-04
role: "Tribal Chairman, signed the April 1981 agreement for the corporation"
fn: 2
- type: participant_in
with: "[[Dr. John Philip Nichols]]"
reverse: true
start: 1981
role: "tribal administrator, conducted the negotiations for the Cabazons, signed letters for the venture"
fn: 1
- type: participant_in
with: "[[Michael Riconosciuto]]"
reverse: true
start: 1983
end: 1984
role: "claimed in a March 21, 1991 affidavit to have been Director of Research and to have worked for Wackenhut in 1983 and 1984; the Bua report found no evidence of employment"
fn: 14
- type: participant_in
with: "[[Peter Zokosky]]"
reverse: true
start: 1981
role: "former president of Armtec Defense Products, advisor to the venture on combustible cartridge casings"
fn: 13
---
Cabazon Security Corporation was a security company that the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation|Cabazon Band of Mission Indians]] formed in early 1981 near [[Indio, California]], and that entered a joint venture the same year with [[Wackenhut Services|Wackenhut Services, Inc.]], a subsidiary of [[Wackenhut Corporation]]. Correspondence from the venture also uses the name Cabazon Arms, and a 1985 newspaper gave the same name to the venture.
### Formation
The report of Special Counsel [[Nicholas J. Bua]] to the Attorney General states that "During early 1981 the Cabazons formed a company known as Cabazon Security Corporation ("CSC")."[^1] According to [[Robert Frye|A. Robert Frye]], the report continues, CSC solicited capabilities statements from a number of major security firms, and Frye, then president of Wackenhut Services, Inc., responded on behalf of Wackenhut. The report states that Wackenhut was interested "in working with the Cabazons because CSC, as a qualified minority contractor, would be eligible to obtain government contract work pursuant to various set-aside programs."[^1]
An [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] interview of Frye in November 1992 gives a different account of the first contact. Frye told agents that [[Dr. John Philip Nichols]], the tribal manager, had contacted Wackenhut to ask whether it wished to enter a joint venture with the Cabazons to obtain government security contracts set aside for minority businesses.[^3] The Bua report states that negotiations went forward with Frye on behalf of Wackenhut and with Nichols conducting them for the Cabazons.[^1]
The report dates the agreement to April 1981: "In April of 1981 Wackenhut entered into a joint venture agreement with CSC. The agreement was signed by Frye on behalf of Wackenhut, and Tribal Chairman [[Arthur Welmas|Art Welmas]] on behalf of CSC."[^2] The report quotes the agreement's stated purpose: "it was the primary purpose of the joint venture to 'qualify for, bid on, and obtain government guard service contracts.'"[^2] The report states that the joint venture bid on two government security contracts that it did not receive.[^2] Frye told agents that no contracts resulted from the joint venture.[^3]
The report identifies Welmas as Tribal Chairman in 1981 and states that "A non-Indian man, John Philip Nichols, was the Tribal Administrator and managed the business affairs of the tribe."[^1] Its account of the workforce reads: "the joint venture had no employees at any time" and "The only individual employed by Wackenhut was Frye."[^4]
A letter to the [[Treasury Board of Canada]], in the [[Danny Casolaro]] papers, refers to a June 26, 1981 meeting in [[Ottawa]] between the VCPC Task Force and the CSC/WSI Joint Venture. Its signature block names A.R. Frye and Dr. John P. Nichols.[^5] Frye's FBI interview describes an attempt, during his visits to southern California from 1981 through 1983, by Wackenhut and the Cabazons to buy [[Valley Field Ammunitions]], a private Canadian armaments manufacturer that was in bankruptcy. Frye said that the Canadian government did not approve the purchase.[^3]
### Names in use
The venture's correspondence used several names. A letter dated January 20, 1983, from John P. Nichols to [[Dr. Harry Fair]] of [[Tactical Technology]] in [[Arlington, Virginia]], carries the letterhead "CABAZON ARMS" with "CABAZON SECURITY CORPORATION" beneath it and the address of the Indio office. The letter also carries the line "CABAZON ARMS A CSC/WSI JOINT VENTURE." The letter states: "The clearance documents that were submitted for Cabazon Arms to DOD were found to be acceptable by the Los Angeles DOD Office and have been forwarded to Washington D.C. for final approval."[^6]
A letter of March 23, 1982, addressed to [[Peter Zokosky]], carries the heading "Cabazon Security Corp./ Wackenhut Joint Venture."[^7] A May 1 letter over the name of Arthur Welmas to [[La France Specialties]] of [[San Diego]] is headed "CABAZON INDIAN SECURITY /WSI JOINT VENTURE." A sentence in the body of that letter refers to Cabazon Arms and states that all sales would be sought and consummated through sources acceptable to the State Department.[^8]
[[Cheri Seymour]] describes the January 20, 1983 letter, in her chapter on [[Michael Riconosciuto]], as written "on Wackenhut/Cabazon letterhead" by Nichols as "Cabazon Administrator."[^9] Seymour's chapter also quotes the letter's reference to "the Cabazon Arms CA 9 SMG which 'Peter Zokosky had the British interested in.'"[^9]
On March 21, 1985 the [[Desert Sun]] described "the now-defunct Cabazon Arms Co." on the reservation outside Indio, "according to numerous sources." The paper reported that Zokosky, described as a former partner in the company, said that Nichols formed the Cabazon Arms Co. to manufacture weapons in a joint venture with Wackenhut Services, an international security company based in Florida.[^10] The same article quoted Wackenhut President Bob Frye: "We severed our relations with the tribe over a year ago."[^10]
The newsclippings file that [[Danny Casolaro]] kept on the venture is headed "CABAZON ARMS AND WACKENHUT," according to the file index reproduced in [[Jim Keith]]'s 1996 book [[The Octopus]].[^11]
The Bua report and the House report do not use the name Cabazon Arms. The Bua report uses "Cabazon Security Corporation," and the House report refers to "the so-called Wackenhut/Cabazon Indian joint venture."[^4][^12]
### Products and proposals
The Bua report states that Nichols "indicated a desire to have the joint venture engage in the sale of night vision goggles and rifle scopes to foreign governments," and that Wackenhut's files contain documents showing his efforts to market the equipment to representatives of the governments of [[Guatemala]] and [[Honduras]]. The report quotes Nichols: "It was Nichols' view that the Cabazon's, as a sovereign nation, were not subject to the usual export and import controls." It adds: "As far as we could tell, no sales were ever made."[^2] The report states that internal Wackenhut memoranda expressed the opinion that any such sales would require State Department approval, and that Wackenhut filed preliminary applications with the [[United States Department of State|State Department]].[^2]
The Bua report describes a second line of business: "the manufacture and/or sale of combustible cartridge casings for large caliber cannons." Zokosky, the former president of Armtec Defense Products, is named as the person who introduced the Cabazons to the field, and the report states that the venture pursued the possibility of becoming a second-source supplier for the United States Army.[^13]
The January 20, 1983 letter lists research and development projects, among them a second 9mm machine pistol, a selective-fire assault rifle, "a long distance sniper rifle," and "a small portable rocket system." It states: "We are continuing to pursue the 120MM contract. A definite decision has not been made to date by the US government." It describes the CA 9 SMG submachine gun as one that "can be produced for $75.00 per unit on the reservation and sold for $100.00 to $125.00," and states: "Kuwait has been particularly interested in financing the production of the CA 9 SMG."[^6]
The FBI interview of Frye says that Nichols brought in a man named Vanderworker, described as the head of a security company in California with rights to buy night vision goggles from Litton Industries, and suggested that 300 goggles could be sold to the Nicaraguan government. Frye said that Nichols believed the Cabazons' sovereign status meant no export license was needed. Frye said that he was not present at a later demonstration to Guatemalan representatives, and that Nichols told him Riconosciuto had removed the price tags from the goggles beforehand.[^3] The records found do not establish whether the Vanderworker named in Frye's interview is the former CIA officer [[John Vandewerker]].[^3]
Claims that the venture supplied weapons to foreign governments and to the Contras are attributed to Riconosciuto's affidavit. Bua summarizes that affidavit as claiming that he "had been Director of Research for a joint venture between Wackenhut Corporation and the Cabazon Indians of Indio, California," and describes the venture as engaged in "the development and manufacture of certain military type materials, which were then intended to be sold to foreign governments and forces."[^14] A newspaper clipping in the Casolaro papers attributes to Riconosciuto, from the affidavit, the statement that, because the band was sovereign, such weapons could be made "without congressional scrutiny" for "U.S. client regimes" in the Middle East and Latin America, and for "groups such as the contras."[^15] The Bua report states that it found "no evidence to support Riconosciuto's claim that he and [[Earl Brian]] were employed by Wackenhut or by the joint venture."[^4]
### The September 10, 1981 demonstration
The Bua report places a demonstration in the joint venture's sales effort on the evening of September 10, 1981: "a demonstration of night vision equipment was held on the evening of September 10, 1981, at the Lake Cahuilla gun range in Indio, California."[^2] A [[Riverside County District Attorney's Office|Riverside County District Attorney's Office]] Special Operations Report, typed October 10, 1991 and prepared by investigator [[Gene Gilbert]], carries the title "Nicaraguans and Earl Brian at Lake Cahuilla - 9/10/81." The Bua report states that the report lists sixteen people present, including Zokosky, Nichols, Welmas, [[Sam Cross|Cross]] and Brian, and that "all the information in that report, save for the license plate numbers and the registrations, came from Riconosciuto."[^16]
The Bua report also records what Baird told its investigators. [[Dave Baird]], an Indio police sergeant in 1981, said that Police Chief Cross had told him that City Manager [[Phil Hawes]] "had arranged for a demonstration by the Cabazons to take place at the Lake Cahuilla gun range."[^16]
The FBI interviews of October 1992 place the demonstration elsewhere. Cross told agents that the demonstration was held at the [[Indio Police Department]] firing range, that he assigned four or five officers to watch from outside the range, and that if automatic weapons were present the officers were expected to arrest Nichols. Cross also said that he did not attend and had no idea who was present.[^17] Baird's FD-302 gives the same location. It states that Hawes told him the police department would provide the range and security for the demonstration, and that Hawes said the Cabazons and Wackenhut had entered a joint venture to produce weapons for resale.[^18] [[Wayne Reeder]], a real estate developer, told agents that he attended a demonstration at the Indio Police Department range that Hawes had asked him to attend.[^19]
Zokosky's FD-302 gives both locations. He told agents that Nichols first said the demonstration would take place on the reservation, and that Zokosky thought the Indio Police Department range would be better and asked Hawes whether it could be used.[^20] A September 21, 1992 memorandum by [[William L. McGrath]] records Zokosky's account that the demonstration was originally scheduled for the Cabazon reservation and was moved to a police firing range for security reasons.[^21] The [[Desert Sun]] of March 21, 1985 quoted Zokosky as saying that Nichols arranged a demonstration of night vision equipment "at Lake Cahuilla near La Quinta" for four military leaders, presumably from Central America, and that one observer was reportedly [[Eden Pastora]].[^10]
The Bua report states that the Riverside report lists Cross among those present, while Cross told agents he did not attend. The Bua report states that Baird's handwritten notes of the car registrations "refer only to Wayne Reeder in the Rolls Royce."[^16] The Bua report concludes: "The credible evidence is overwhelming that Brian was not there."[^16] It adds that Brian's 1981 calendar shows that he flew from Washington to New York on the afternoon of September 9 and that a limousine was ordered for him in New York on September 10, and that his airline receipt and expense records are consistent with the calendar.[^16]
### Earl Brian and Meridian Arms
The House report states that Brian "flatly contradicts Riconosciuto's claims in his own sworn statement to committee investigators."[^22] It quotes an affidavit of Brian of April 2, 1991 in which he "stated that he had never heard of, or was associated with, the so-called Wackenhut/Cabazon Indian joint venture." The House report concludes: "the committee is not in a position to make findings of fact on Dr. Brian's role."[^22]
The House report describes "a number of speculative reports and fragmentary records purporting to link [[Robert Booth Nichols]], through a company called [[Meridian Arms Corporation]], and Michael Riconosciuto to certain covert intelligence activities, including a joint venture between the Cabazon Indian Reservation and Wackenhut, Inc."[^22] It quotes Art Welmas in the [[Washington Business Journal]] of March 30, 1992: "Brian must have been involved."[^22]
Seymour wrote that "M.I.L. also controlled Meridian Arms Corporation of which Riconosciuto was briefly Vice President."[^9]
Frye told agents that he did not know Brian and had never met or seen him.[^3] Zokosky told agents that he knew what Brian looked like and that Brian was not at the demonstration.[^20]
### Footnotes
[^1]: United States Department of Justice, *Report of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua to the Attorney General of the United States Regarding the Allegations of INSLAW, Inc.* (March 1993), section "(i) The Wackenhut-Cabazon Joint Venture," printed p. 55. Official finding, placed as the position of the body that issued it. https://archive.org/details/doj-oip-inslaw-1993
[^2]: Bua report, section "(i) The Wackenhut-Cabazon Joint Venture," printed pp. 56 to 57. Official finding, placed as the position of the body that issued it. https://archive.org/details/doj-oip-inslaw-1993
[^3]: Federal Bureau of Investigation, Los Angeles, FD-302 of the interview of Robert Frye, Coral Gables, Florida, file 74-86438, interview November 19, 1992, DocID 70002059, pages 19 to 21. https://archive.org/download/INSLAW-CabazonWackenhunt/DOCID-70002059%20INSLAW%20Cabazon%20Wackenhunt_djvu.txt
[^4]: Bua report, section "(i) The Wackenhut-Cabazon Joint Venture," printed p. 58. Official finding, placed as the position of the body that issued it. https://archive.org/details/doj-oip-inslaw-1993
[^5]: Letter to the Program Branch, Treasury Board Canada, Ottawa, copy to Mr. David Dodd, Industry, Trade and Commerce Canada, re VCPC Task Force, undated, signature block "A.R. Frye and Dr. John P. Nichols, CSC/WSI Joint Venture," Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-Correspondence." https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks
[^6]: Letter, John P. Nichols to Dr. Harry Fair, Tactical Technology, Arlington, Virginia, January 20, 1983, on "Cabazon Arms" and "Cabazon Security Corporation" letterhead, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-Correspondence." https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks
[^7]: Letter, "Cabazon Security Corp./ Wackenhut Joint Venture," addressed to Peter Zokosky, March 23, 1982, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-Correspondence." https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks
[^8]: Letter over the name of Arthur Welmas, May 1 (year not printed), to La France Specialties, San Diego, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-Correspondence." The heading reads "CABAZON INDIAN SECURITY /WSI JOINT VENTURE." https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks
[^9]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. TrineDay, 2010, chapter 10. For the "Cabazon Arms CA 9 SMG" and "M.I.L." passages and for her account of the letter.
[^10]: John Hussar, "Crime probes tied to Nichols associates," *The Desert Sun* (Palm Springs, California), March 21, 1985, front page.
[^11]: Jim Keith, *The Octopus: Secret Government and the Death of Danny Casolaro* (Feral House, 1996), reproduction of "Casolaro's Newsclippings File" subject index, heading "CABAZON ARMS AND WACKENHUT." https://archive.org/details/jim-keith-the-octopus-secret-government-and-the-death-of-danny-casolaro_2
[^12]: United States House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, *The INSLAW Affair*, H. Rept. 102-857 (1992), p. 72. https://archive.org/details/InslawAffairInvestigativeReport
[^13]: Bua report, section "(i) The Wackenhut-Cabazon Joint Venture," printed p. 57. Official finding, placed as the position of the body that issued it. https://archive.org/details/doj-oip-inslaw-1993
[^14]: Bua report, section "(ii) Riconosciuto's March 21, 1991 Affidavit," printed p. 44. Official finding, placed as the position of the body that issued it. Riconosciuto's own claims, as summarized by the report. https://archive.org/details/doj-oip-inslaw-1993
[^15]: Newspaper clipping on INSLAW and PROMIS, undated, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-Correspondence2." https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks
[^16]: Bua report, section "(ii) The September 10, 1981 Weapons Demonstration," printed pp. 61 to 66, including the Baird interview at p. 64 and the Brian calendar at p. 66. Official finding, placed as the position of the body that issued it. https://archive.org/details/doj-oip-inslaw-1993
[^17]: FBI, Los Angeles, FD-302 of the interview of Sam Cross, file 74-86438, interview October 6, 1992 (transcribed December 10, 1992), DocID 70002059. https://archive.org/download/INSLAW-CabazonWackenhunt/DOCID-70002059%20INSLAW%20Cabazon%20Wackenhunt_djvu.txt
[^18]: FBI, Los Angeles, FD-302 of the interview of Sergeant Dave Baird, file 74-86438, interview October 6, 1992 (transcribed December 9, 1992), DocID 70002059. https://archive.org/download/INSLAW-CabazonWackenhunt/DOCID-70002059%20INSLAW%20Cabazon%20Wackenhunt_djvu.txt
[^19]: FBI, Los Angeles, FD-302 of the interview of Wayne Reeder, file 74-86438, interview October 5, 1992 (transcribed December 9, 1992), DocID 70002059. https://archive.org/download/INSLAW-CabazonWackenhunt/DOCID-70002059%20INSLAW%20Cabazon%20Wackenhunt_djvu.txt
[^20]: FBI, Los Angeles, FD-302 of the interview of Peter Zokosky, file 74-86438, interview October 5, 1992 (transcribed December 9, 1992), DocID 70002059, p. 3. https://archive.org/download/INSLAW-CabazonWackenhunt/DOCID-70002059%20INSLAW%20Cabazon%20Wackenhunt_djvu.txt
[^21]: William L. McGrath, memorandum, "Telephone Conversations with Pete Zokosky," September 21, 1992, in the Hadron, Inc. file (DocID 70002059, page 4). https://archive.org/download/INSLAW-CabazonWackenhunt/DOCID-70002059%20INSLAW%20Cabazon%20Wackenhunt_djvu.txt
[^22]: United States House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, *The INSLAW Affair*, H. Rept. 102-857 (1992), pp. 72 to 73, section "Possible connection between Earl Brian, Michael Riconosciuto, Robert Booth Nichols and the Cabazon Indian Reservation." Official finding, placed as the position of the body that issued it. https://archive.org/details/InslawAffairInvestigativeReport

72
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Wackenhut Corporation.md
View file

@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ relations:
- type: owned
with: "[[Wackenhut Advanced Technologies Corporation]]"
role: "wholly owned subsidiary at Reston, Virginia"
fn: 42
fn: 44
---
Wackenhut Corporation is a security and investigative firm founded in 1954 by [[George R. Wackenhut]] and three other former [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] Special Agents. Initially named [[Special Agent Investigators]], it expanded to physical security and was renamed Wackenhut Corporation in 1958. Headquartered in [[Coral Gables, Florida|Coral Gables]], [[Florida]], Wackenhut grew to become one of the world's largest security and investigative firms, with operations across the United States and internationally. The [[San Francisco]] Chronicle described it as being "led by former officials of the [[Central Intelligence Agency]], the Federal Bureau of Investigation, National Security Agency, Defense Department and federal law enforcement."[^1][^2]
@ -118,25 +118,25 @@ Wackenhut was very active in [[El Salvador]] during the Contra war, providing em
### The Cabazon Joint Venture
A particularly controversial aspect of Wackenhut's operations was its joint venture with the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation|Cabazon Indian tribe]] in Indio, California. Formalized on April 1, 1981, this partnership aimed to leverage the sovereign nation status of the Indian reservation to bypass federal jurisdiction and congressional prohibitions on arms exports. The venture, known as "[[Cabazon Arms]]," sought to establish a production facility for high-tech armaments and explosives for export to third-world countries, including the [[Contras]] in Nicaragua and nations in the [[Middle East]]. The firm was using the Cabazon reservation's tax-exempt status and its freedom from federal oversight to gain a competitive advantage in soliciting federal weapons projects.[^1][^2]
A particularly controversial aspect of Wackenhut's operations was its joint venture with the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation|Cabazon Indian tribe]] in Indio, California. In April 1981 [[Wackenhut Services]], Inc. signed a joint venture agreement with the [[Cabazon Security Corporation]], a company the Cabazons formed in early 1981. The agreement gives as the venture's primary purpose to "qualify for, bid on, and obtain government guard service contracts."[^34] The venture was also called "Cabazon Arms" in correspondence and in a 1985 newspaper. Seymour wrote that the venture sought to establish a production facility for armaments and explosives for export to third-world countries, including the [[Contras]] in Nicaragua and nations in the [[Middle East]], and that the partnership aimed to leverage the sovereign nation status of the Indian reservation to bypass federal jurisdiction and congressional prohibitions on arms exports. Seymour also wrote that the firm was using the Cabazon reservation's tax-exempt status and its freedom from federal oversight to gain a competitive advantage in soliciting federal weapons projects.[^1][^2]
[[Dr. John Nichols]], the Cabazon tribal administrator and a former CIA agent who claimed experience going back to the Chilean destabilization program in the 1970s, secured a [[Department of Defense]] secret facility clearance for the reservation. He then proposed to Wackenhut the manufacture of various weapons systems, including 120mm combustible cartridge cases, 9mm machine pistols, laser-sighted assault weapons, sniper rifles, and portable rocket systems. The venture also explored the development of biological weapons. [[Michael Riconosciuto]] stated in a March 21, 1991 affidavit that he was Director of Research for this joint venture; the Bua report found no evidence that he was employed by Wackenhut or the joint venture.[^34][^35] He described meetings with figures like [[Robert Frye]] (president of Wackenhut Services, Inc.), John P. Nichols, and [[Peter Zokosky]], and [[Dr. Harry Fair]] of the U.S. Army's Railgun Project at Picatinny Arsenal, where Riconosciuto's scientific expertise was noted.[^1]
[[Dr. John Nichols]], the Cabazon tribal administrator and a former CIA agent who claimed experience going back to the Chilean destabilization program in the 1970s, secured a [[Department of Defense]] secret facility clearance for the reservation. He then proposed to Wackenhut the manufacture of various weapons systems, including 120mm combustible cartridge cases, 9mm machine pistols, laser-sighted assault weapons, sniper rifles, and portable rocket systems. The venture also explored the development of biological weapons. [[Michael Riconosciuto]] stated in a March 21, 1991 affidavit that he was Director of Research for this joint venture; the Bua report found no evidence that he was employed by Wackenhut or the joint venture.[^35][^36] He described meetings with figures like [[Robert Frye]] (president of Wackenhut Services, Inc.), John P. Nichols, and [[Peter Zokosky]], and [[Dr. Harry Fair]] of the U.S. Army's Railgun Project at Picatinny Arsenal, where Riconosciuto's scientific expertise was noted.[^1]
Spy reported in 1992 that Bruce Berckmans, assigned to the CIA station in Mexico City, left the agency in January 1975 "(putatively)" to become a Wackenhut international-operations vice president and left Wackenhut in 1981. According to Spy, Berckmans joined other senior Wackenhut executives in 1981 to form the company's Special Projects Division, which linked up with Nichols at the Cabazon reservation.[^36] Spy also reported that [[Eden Pastora]], seen at a night-vision test at a firing range near the reservation with Nichols and a Wackenhut executive, identified that executive, Robert Frye, as "the man from the CIA," and that Pastora later said in a conversation that he did not know Frye.[^36]
Spy reported in 1992 that Bruce Berckmans, assigned to the CIA station in Mexico City, left the agency in January 1975 "(putatively)" to become a Wackenhut international-operations vice president and left Wackenhut in 1981. According to Spy, Berckmans joined other senior Wackenhut executives in 1981 to form the company's Special Projects Division, which linked up with Nichols at the Cabazon reservation.[^37] Spy also reported that [[Eden Pastora]], seen at a night-vision test at a firing range near the reservation with Nichols and a Wackenhut executive, identified that executive, Robert Frye, as "the man from the CIA," and that Pastora later said in a conversation that he did not know Frye.[^37]
The 1993 report of Judge [[Nicholas J. Bua]] for the Department of Justice states that Frye, then president of Wackenhut Services, Inc., responded for Wackenhut when the Cabazon Security Corporation solicited capability statements in early 1981, that the April 1981 joint venture agreement was signed by Frye and by Tribal Chairman Arthur Welmas, and that the joint venture had no employees. It states that the only individual employed by Wackenhut was Frye and that the investigators found "no evidence to support Riconosciuto's claim that he and Earl Brian were employed by Wackenhut or by the joint venture."[^34] The report also states that the firms Michael Riconosciuto named in a call to the Hamiltons, Wackenhut Research, Inc., and Wackenhut Security, Inc., "do not exist."[^34] Riconosciuto's March 21, 1991 affidavit, which the report summarizes, states that he was director of research for the Wackenhut-Cabazon joint venture and that he modified PROMIS software for Wackenhut in 1983 and 1984.[^35]
The 1993 report of Judge [[Nicholas J. Bua]] for the Department of Justice states that Frye, then president of Wackenhut Services, Inc., responded for Wackenhut when the Cabazon Security Corporation solicited capability statements in early 1981, that the April 1981 joint venture agreement was signed by Frye and by Tribal Chairman Arthur Welmas, and that the joint venture had no employees. It states that the only individual employed by Wackenhut was Frye and that the investigators found "no evidence to support Riconosciuto's claim that he and Earl Brian were employed by Wackenhut or by the joint venture."[^35] The report also states that the firms Michael Riconosciuto named in a call to the Hamiltons, Wackenhut Research, Inc., and Wackenhut Security, Inc., "do not exist."[^35] Riconosciuto's March 21, 1991 affidavit, which the report summarizes, states that he was director of research for the Wackenhut-Cabazon joint venture and that he modified PROMIS software for Wackenhut in 1983 and 1984.[^36]
The Bua report states that Wackenhut was interested because Cabazon Security Corporation, as a qualified minority contractor, would be eligible for government contract work under set-aside programs. The April 1981 agreement gives the primary purpose of the venture as to "qualify for, bid on, and obtain government guard service contracts," and the joint venture bid on two government security contracts that it did not receive.[^37]
The Bua report states that Wackenhut was interested because Cabazon Security Corporation, as a qualified minority contractor, would be eligible for government contract work under set-aside programs. The April 1981 agreement gives the primary purpose of the venture as to "qualify for, bid on, and obtain government guard service contracts," and the joint venture bid on two government security contracts that it did not receive.[^34]
The report states that Wackenhut's files contain documents showing efforts by John Philip Nichols to market night-vision goggles and rifle scopes to individuals identified as representatives of the governments of Guatemala and [[Honduras]], internal Wackenhut memoranda expressing the opinion that any such sales would require State Department approval, and preliminary applications Wackenhut filed with the State Department. It quotes Nichols's view "that the Cabazon's, as a sovereign nation, were not subject to the usual export and import controls" and states: "As far as we could tell, no sales were ever made."[^37]
The report states that Wackenhut's files contain documents showing efforts by John Philip Nichols to market night-vision goggles and rifle scopes to individuals identified as representatives of the governments of Guatemala and [[Honduras]], internal Wackenhut memoranda expressing the opinion that any such sales would require State Department approval, and preliminary applications Wackenhut filed with the State Department. It quotes Nichols's view "that the Cabazon's, as a sovereign nation, were not subject to the usual export and import controls" and states: "As far as we could tell, no sales were ever made."[^34]
The report places a night-vision demonstration on the evening of September 10, 1981 at the Lake Cahuilla gun range in Indio.[^37] FBI FD-302s of interviews with [[Wayne Reeder]], Indio police chief [[Sam Cross]] and Sergeant [[Dave Baird]], taken in October 1992, place it at the Indio Police Department range.[^38]
The report places a night-vision demonstration on the evening of September 10, 1981 at the Lake Cahuilla gun range in Indio.[^34] FBI FD-302s of interviews with [[Wayne Reeder]], Indio police chief [[Sam Cross]] and Sergeant [[Dave Baird]], taken in October 1992, place it at the Indio Police Department range.[^38] The Bua report also quotes Baird as saying that Police Chief Sam Cross told him that City Manager Phil Hawes "had arranged for a demonstration by the Cabazons to take place at the Lake Cahuilla gun range" (printed p. 64).[^39] Baird's own FD-302 of October 6, 1992 states that Hawes arranged for the police department to provide the range and security.[^38] The Desert Sun of March 21, 1985 quoted Zokosky as saying that Nichols arranged a demonstration of night vision equipment "at Lake Cahuilla near La Quinta," while his FD-302 of October 5, 1992 records that the Indio Police Department range was used.[^40]
### PROMIS Software Modification
Within the Cabazon Joint Venture, Michael Riconosciuto claimed to have modified the proprietary [[PROMIS]] computer software. This modification, allegedly spearheaded by [[Earl Brian]] and made available through [[Peter Videnieks]] of the [[Department of Justice|U.S. Department of Justice]], was intended to facilitate the worldwide implementation of PROMIS in law enforcement and intelligence agencies. Riconosciuto's affidavit detailed his work on the software, including specific modifications for the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] and the [[Canadian Security Intelligence Service|CSIS]] in [[Canada]]. This alleged pirating and modification of the PROMIS software became a central component of the [[PROMIS Software Scandal]].[^1]
It was here that the "trap door" was built into the U.S. version of PROMIS, based on [[Israel|Israeli]] information. This operation was conducted by a small CIA group, headed by [[Robert Gates]], who sought to keep it secret from the NSA due to interagency competition.[^39]
It was here that the "trap door" was built into the U.S. version of PROMIS, based on [[Israel|Israeli]] information. This operation was conducted by a small CIA group, headed by [[Robert Gates]], who sought to keep it secret from the NSA due to interagency competition.[^41]
### Danny Casolaro Investigation
@ -148,23 +148,23 @@ Beyond the Cabazon venture, Wackenhut was also implicated in other international
### Epstein
On July 13, 2009, [[Story Cowles]] wrote to [[Jeffrey Epstein]]: "Would you like to meet the wackenhut security candidates at your house, FSF or Jacks office. Friday is best for them." Epstein replied: "jacks off."[^40] A 24-page set of security officer reports on forms headed "G4S Wackenhut" covers the post at "358 El Brillo," Epstein's house in [[Palm Beach, Florida|Palm Beach]]; one report, for the night shift of November 16, 2009, marks the officer as armed and records hourly perimeter checks, an office door found ajar and a gym door open, and the officer monitoring the main entrance.[^41]
On July 13, 2009, [[Story Cowles]] wrote to [[Jeffrey Epstein]]: "Would you like to meet the wackenhut security candidates at your house, FSF or Jacks office. Friday is best for them." Epstein replied: "jacks off."[^42] A 24-page set of security officer reports on forms headed "G4S Wackenhut" covers the post at "358 El Brillo," Epstein's house in [[Palm Beach, Florida|Palm Beach]]; one report, for the night shift of November 16, 2009, marks the officer as armed and records hourly perimeter checks, an office door found ajar and a gym door open, and the officer monitoring the main entrance.[^43]
### Wackenhut Advanced Technologies Corporation
[[Wackenhut Advanced Technologies Corporation]] (WATCO) was a wholly owned subsidiary at Reston, Virginia, which the corporation's annual reports for 1985 and 1986 describe as a unique technical consulting firm offering advanced security and engineering services to government and industry, including sensor design, signal processing, systems integration, robotics and mobile intrusion detection systems, special weapons systems security and technology transfer. It contained the NUSAC division (nuclear material control and accounting, quality assurance), a Security Programs division and a Systems division.[^42] The 1985 report states that the Security Programs division was selected to formulate the conceptual design of the security system for the nuclear device assembly facility to be built at the Department of Energy's Nevada Test Site; the 1986 report adds selection for the security system conceptual analysis and design engineering of the new National Training Center of the Department of State's Foreign Service Institute, and completion of a turnkey integrated perimeter and access control system for the federal government at an overseas location.[^42]
[[Wackenhut Advanced Technologies Corporation]] (WATCO) was a wholly owned subsidiary at Reston, Virginia, which the corporation's annual reports for 1985 and 1986 describe as a unique technical consulting firm offering advanced security and engineering services to government and industry, including sensor design, signal processing, systems integration, robotics and mobile intrusion detection systems, special weapons systems security and technology transfer. It contained the NUSAC division (nuclear material control and accounting, quality assurance), a Security Programs division and a Systems division.[^44] The 1985 report states that the Security Programs division was selected to formulate the conceptual design of the security system for the nuclear device assembly facility to be built at the Department of Energy's Nevada Test Site; the 1986 report adds selection for the security system conceptual analysis and design engineering of the new National Training Center of the Department of State's Foreign Service Institute, and completion of a turnkey integrated perimeter and access control system for the federal government at an overseas location.[^44]
The Florida corporation behind it, document 599071, was filed on December 29, 1978, the day after the corporation announced that it had bought the assets of NUSAC, Inc., a nuclear safeguards consultancy founded in 1968 as the Nuclear Surveillance and Auditing Corporation and headed by [[Ralph F. Lumb]]. It was renamed Wackenhut Advanced Technologies Corporation on May 8, 1984, Wackenhut Applied Technologies Center, Inc. on January 9, 1990, and dissolved administratively on August 26, 1994.[^43][^44] In spring 1984 the Journal of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management reported that [[Ralph E. Caudle]], formerly director of the Department of Energy's Office of Safeguards and Security, had been named WATCO's president and that the Systems Division, Advanced Technologies Division, Security Programs Division and NUSAC had been merged into it.[^45]
The Florida corporation behind it, document 599071, was filed on December 29, 1978, the day after the corporation announced that it had bought the assets of NUSAC, Inc., a nuclear safeguards consultancy founded in 1968 as the Nuclear Surveillance and Auditing Corporation and headed by [[Ralph F. Lumb]]. It was renamed Wackenhut Advanced Technologies Corporation on May 8, 1984, Wackenhut Applied Technologies Center, Inc. on January 9, 1990, and dissolved administratively on August 26, 1994.[^45][^46] In spring 1984 the Journal of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management reported that [[Ralph E. Caudle]], formerly director of the Department of Energy's Office of Safeguards and Security, had been named WATCO's president and that the Systems Division, Advanced Technologies Division, Security Programs Division and NUSAC had been merged into it.[^47]
The Wackenhut annual report covering 1984 states that the Department of Energy chose Wackenhut that year to establish and operate a Safeguards and Security Central Training Academy at Albuquerque under a three-year, $5 million contract that Wackenhut Services, Inc., won against 92 companies, and that Wackenhut had guarded the Nevada Test Site since 1965.[^46] An annual report for 1989 lists Wackenhut Applied Technologies Center, Inc., at Fairfax, Virginia, with Joseph A. Navarro as president and with a Defense Systems Analysis Group serving the Army's Belvoir Research, Development and Engineering Center and the Army Survivability Management Office.[^47] A Defense Technical Information Center record lists the Fairfax company as the performing organization for a 1989 "Guide to Camouflage for Developers."[^48] The Fourth Circuit described the Center in 1992 as a subsidiary of Wackenhut International, Inc.[^49] The corporation's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 1995, states that the Wackenhut Monitoring Systems and Wackenhut Applied Technologies Center divisions were sold or discontinued in 1993, with combined operating losses of about $2 million that year.[^50]
The Wackenhut annual report covering 1984 states that the Department of Energy chose Wackenhut that year to establish and operate a Safeguards and Security Central Training Academy at Albuquerque under a three-year, $5 million contract that Wackenhut Services, Inc., won against 92 companies, and that Wackenhut had guarded the Nevada Test Site since 1965.[^48] An annual report for 1989 lists Wackenhut Applied Technologies Center, Inc., at Fairfax, Virginia, with Joseph A. Navarro as president and with a Defense Systems Analysis Group serving the Army's Belvoir Research, Development and Engineering Center and the Army Survivability Management Office.[^49] A Defense Technical Information Center record lists the Fairfax company as the performing organization for a 1989 "Guide to Camouflage for Developers."[^50] The Fourth Circuit described the Center in 1992 as a subsidiary of Wackenhut International, Inc.[^51] The corporation's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 1995, states that the Wackenhut Monitoring Systems and Wackenhut Applied Technologies Center divisions were sold or discontinued in 1993, with combined operating losses of about $2 million that year.[^52]
A Wackenhut newsletter describes WATCO as specializing in applied research and development in nuclear safeguards and security policy, programs and systems, places it beside Stellar Systems, Inc., of Santa Clara, California, and states that its Security Programs Division worked with the Wackenhut Training Institute. WATCO developed a Touchscreen Station, a security station replacing multiple keystroke entries with single touch commands for alarms, access control, closed-circuit television and other sensors, and the newsletter notes that three WATCO officers, each a former Army officer with law enforcement or security experience, earned Certified Protection Professional status in the same year.[^51] A Wackenhut nuclear services brochure in the same papers also lists a Wackenhut Anti-Terrorism and Crisis Management Division.[^52]
A Wackenhut newsletter describes WATCO as specializing in applied research and development in nuclear safeguards and security policy, programs and systems, places it beside Stellar Systems, Inc., of Santa Clara, California, and states that its Security Programs Division worked with the Wackenhut Training Institute. WATCO developed a Touchscreen Station, a security station replacing multiple keystroke entries with single touch commands for alarms, access control, closed-circuit television and other sensors, and the newsletter notes that three WATCO officers, each a former Army officer with law enforcement or security experience, earned Certified Protection Professional status in the same year.[^53] A Wackenhut nuclear services brochure in the same papers also lists a Wackenhut Anti-Terrorism and Crisis Management Division.[^54]
From September 1987 WATCO's vice president for national security studies and programs was [[James B. Motley]], a retired Army colonel who in 1984 and 1985 had been director of terrorist research and low-intensity conflict studies at the [[National Institute for Public Policy]]. A June 20, 1990 resume packet of [[Counter Terrorism Consultants, Inc.]], the Washington firm of the former FBI counterterrorism supervisor [[Carter Cornick]] and the Letelier prosecutor [[Eugene Propper]], lists him as an associate of that firm and states that at WATCO he directs operational analyses and assessments of national security issues.[^53]
From September 1987 WATCO's vice president for national security studies and programs was [[James B. Motley]], a retired Army colonel who in 1984 and 1985 had been director of terrorist research and low-intensity conflict studies at the [[National Institute for Public Policy]]. A June 20, 1990 resume packet of [[Counter Terrorism Consultants, Inc.]], the Washington firm of the former FBI counterterrorism supervisor [[Carter Cornick]] and the Letelier prosecutor [[Eugene Propper]], lists him as an associate of that firm and states that at WATCO he directs operational analyses and assessments of national security issues.[^55]
### End of Wackenhut
The Wackenhut/Cabazon Joint Venture was terminated on October 1, 1984, following Robert Frye's heart attack. Its activities subsequently became the subject of numerous investigations by entities such as the U.S. Department of Justice, the [[United States House of Representatives Committee on the Judiciary|House Judiciary Committee on Inslaw]], [[U.S. Customs]], and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, as well as various police agencies and media outlets worldwide.[^1]
In the Desert Sun of March 21, 1985, Wackenhut President Bob Frye said: "We severed our relations with the tribe over a year ago."[^40] Its activities subsequently became the subject of numerous investigations by entities such as the U.S. Department of Justice, the [[United States House of Representatives Committee on the Judiciary|House Judiciary Committee on Inslaw]], [[U.S. Customs]], and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, as well as various police agencies and media outlets worldwide.[^1]
### Footnotes
@ -201,23 +201,25 @@ The Wackenhut/Cabazon Joint Venture was terminated on October 1, 1984, following
[^31]: Golrick, Philip D. Memorandum to David G. Marwell, "Phone Conversation with Joseph Oster," January 19, 1996, and letters and subpoena to Southern Research Company, Assassination Records Review Board electronic files of Philip G. Golrick (OSTER.WPD, SOURES.WPD); Central Intelligence Agency, report of investigation, September 13, 1960, JFK record 104-10109-10379, p. 14; Orleans Parish Grand Jury, testimony of Arthur Bidderson, January 9, 1969; Assassination Records Review Board, file inventory (082395.WPD). All consulted at the Mary Ferrell Foundation archive.
[^32]: Federal Bureau of Investigation, Domestic Intelligence Division, informative note, April 14, 1967, JFK record 124-10369-10048; Assassination Records Review Board, public hearing transcript, testimony of James DiEugenio, p. 89; FBI Miami, memorandum of May 10, 1967, headquarters file 62-109060, section 129, p. 166.
[^33]: Osborn, Howard J. Memorandum for the record, November 8, 1967, JFK record 104-10133-10076.
[^34]: United States Department of Justice, *Report of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua to the Attorney General of the United States Regarding the Allegations of INSLAW, Inc.* (March 1993), section on the Wackenhut-Cabazon joint venture, printed pp. 55 to 58 and footnotes 32 and 35. Official finding, placed as the position of the body that issued it. https://documents.theblackvault.com/documents/nsa/DOJ-OIP-INSLAW_1993.pdf
[^35]: United States Department of Justice, *Report of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua to the Attorney General of the United States Regarding the Allegations of INSLAW, Inc.* (March 1993), printed pp. 42 to 43 (March 21, 1991 affidavit, paragraph 44 as quoted).
[^36]: John Connolly, "Inside the Shadow CIA," *Spy,* September 1992, pp. 46-54. https://www.prop1.org/legal/prisons/92wack.htm
[^37]: United States Department of Justice, *Report of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua to the Attorney General of the United States Regarding the Allegations of INSLAW, Inc.* (March 1993), section on the Wackenhut-Cabazon Joint Venture, printed pp. 55 to 58. https://archive.org/details/doj-oip-inslaw-1993
[^34]: United States Department of Justice, *Report of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua to the Attorney General of the United States Regarding the Allegations of INSLAW, Inc.* (March 1993), section on the Wackenhut-Cabazon Joint Venture, printed pp. 55 to 58. https://archive.org/details/doj-oip-inslaw-1993
[^35]: United States Department of Justice, *Report of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua to the Attorney General of the United States Regarding the Allegations of INSLAW, Inc.* (March 1993), section on the Wackenhut-Cabazon joint venture, printed pp. 55 to 58 and footnotes 32 and 35. Official finding, placed as the position of the body that issued it. https://documents.theblackvault.com/documents/nsa/DOJ-OIP-INSLAW_1993.pdf
[^36]: United States Department of Justice, *Report of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua to the Attorney General of the United States Regarding the Allegations of INSLAW, Inc.* (March 1993), printed pp. 42 to 43 (March 21, 1991 affidavit, paragraph 44 as quoted).
[^37]: John Connolly, "Inside the Shadow CIA," *Spy,* September 1992, pp. 46-54. https://www.prop1.org/legal/prisons/92wack.htm
[^38]: Federal Bureau of Investigation, Los Angeles, FD-302s, file 74-86438: Wayne Reeder (October 5, 1992), Sam Cross and Dave Baird (October 6, 1992). https://archive.org/details/INSLAW-CabazonWackenhunt
[^39]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network*. Sheridan Square Press, 1992 (TrineDay reprint, 2015).
[^40]: Epstein, Jeffrey, reply to Story Cowles, "Re: Wackenhut," email, July 13, 2009, U.S. Department of Justice, Epstein Library, EFTA01829732. https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/DataSet%2010/EFTA01829732.pdf
[^41]: G4S Wackenhut, Security Officer Reports, client facility "358 El Brillo," November 2009, U.S. Department of Justice, Epstein Library, EFTA01157725. https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/DataSet%209/EFTA01157725.pdf
[^42]: The Wackenhut Corporation, annual reports for 1985 and 1986, sections on Wackenhut Advanced Technologies Corporation, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-CompanyReportsannualQuarterly," https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks.
[^43]: Nuclear Materials Management (Journal of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management), vol. 8, no. 1 (Spring 1979), "Wackenhut Corporation Purchases NUSAC, Inc."; vol. 4, no. 1 (Spring 1975), "NUSAC" (company established 1968 as the Nuclear Surveillance and Auditing Corporation). https://resources.inmm.org/system/files/jnmm/vol_08/V-8_1.pdf and https://resources.inmm.org/system/files/jnmm/vol_04/V-4_1.pdf
[^44]: Florida Department of State, Division of Corporations, "Detail by Entity Name" and "Name History," document 599071. https://search.sunbiz.org/Inquiry/CorporationSearch/SearchResults/EntityName/WACKENHUT%20ADVANCED/Page1
[^45]: Nuclear Materials Management, vol. 13, no. 1 (Spring 1984), "Ralph E. Caudle Heads Wackenhut Advanced Technologies Corporation." https://resources.inmm.org/system/files/jnmm/vol_13/V-13_1.pdf
[^46]: The Wackenhut Corporation, annual report covering 1984, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-CompanyReportsannualQuarterly," https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks (passages on the Safeguards and Security Central Training Academy and the Nevada Test Site).
[^47]: The Wackenhut Corporation, annual report placed as 1989, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-CompanyReportsannualQuarterly," https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks (the last pages carry 1989 results and a first-quarter 1990 interim report), pages on the Wackenhut Applied Technologies Center and the list of major subsidiaries.
[^48]: Defense Technical Information Center, accession ADA216700, citation record. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA216700
[^49]: Wackenhut Applied Technologies Center, Inc. v. Sygnetron Protection Systems, Inc., 979 F.2d 980 (4th Cir. 1992). https://static.case.law/f2d/979/cases/0980-01.json
[^50]: The Wackenhut Corporation, Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 1995, filed March 23, 1995. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/104030/0000912057-95-001626.txt
[^51]: Wackenhut newsletter (titled *Pipeline* in the scan), undated issue, passages on The Wackenhut Advanced Technologies Corporation, WATCO's Touchscreen Station and "New CPP's at WATCO," Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-Newsletters," https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks.
[^52]: Wackenhut Corporation, nuclear services brochure, undated, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut - Newsletters," https://archive.org/details/ddosecrets_casolaro_files.
[^53]: CounterTerrorism Consultants, L.P., "Proudly Presents The Resumes of its Associates," fax copy dated June 20, 1990, pages 141 P10 and 141 P11, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Promotional Material," https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks.
[^39]: United States Department of Justice, *Report of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua to the Attorney General of the United States Regarding the Allegations of INSLAW, Inc.* (March 1993), section "(ii) The September 10, 1981 Weapons Demonstration," printed p. 64. Official finding, placed as the position of the body that issued it. https://archive.org/details/doj-oip-inslaw-1993
[^40]: John Hussar, "Crime probes tied to Nichols associates," *The Desert Sun* (Palm Springs, California), March 21, 1985, front page.
[^41]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network*. Sheridan Square Press, 1992 (TrineDay reprint, 2015).
[^42]: Epstein, Jeffrey, reply to Story Cowles, "Re: Wackenhut," email, July 13, 2009, U.S. Department of Justice, Epstein Library, EFTA01829732. https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/DataSet%2010/EFTA01829732.pdf
[^43]: G4S Wackenhut, Security Officer Reports, client facility "358 El Brillo," November 2009, U.S. Department of Justice, Epstein Library, EFTA01157725. https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/DataSet%209/EFTA01157725.pdf
[^44]: The Wackenhut Corporation, annual reports for 1985 and 1986, sections on Wackenhut Advanced Technologies Corporation, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-CompanyReportsannualQuarterly," https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks.
[^45]: Nuclear Materials Management (Journal of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management), vol. 8, no. 1 (Spring 1979), "Wackenhut Corporation Purchases NUSAC, Inc."; vol. 4, no. 1 (Spring 1975), "NUSAC" (company established 1968 as the Nuclear Surveillance and Auditing Corporation). https://resources.inmm.org/system/files/jnmm/vol_08/V-8_1.pdf and https://resources.inmm.org/system/files/jnmm/vol_04/V-4_1.pdf
[^46]: Florida Department of State, Division of Corporations, "Detail by Entity Name" and "Name History," document 599071. https://search.sunbiz.org/Inquiry/CorporationSearch/SearchResults/EntityName/WACKENHUT%20ADVANCED/Page1
[^47]: Nuclear Materials Management, vol. 13, no. 1 (Spring 1984), "Ralph E. Caudle Heads Wackenhut Advanced Technologies Corporation." https://resources.inmm.org/system/files/jnmm/vol_13/V-13_1.pdf
[^48]: The Wackenhut Corporation, annual report covering 1984, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-CompanyReportsannualQuarterly," https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks (passages on the Safeguards and Security Central Training Academy and the Nevada Test Site).
[^49]: The Wackenhut Corporation, annual report placed as 1989, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-CompanyReportsannualQuarterly," https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks (the last pages carry 1989 results and a first-quarter 1990 interim report), pages on the Wackenhut Applied Technologies Center and the list of major subsidiaries.
[^50]: Defense Technical Information Center, accession ADA216700, citation record. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA216700
[^51]: Wackenhut Applied Technologies Center, Inc. v. Sygnetron Protection Systems, Inc., 979 F.2d 980 (4th Cir. 1992). https://static.case.law/f2d/979/cases/0980-01.json
[^52]: The Wackenhut Corporation, Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 1995, filed March 23, 1995. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/104030/0000912057-95-001626.txt
[^53]: Wackenhut newsletter (titled *Pipeline* in the scan), undated issue, passages on The Wackenhut Advanced Technologies Corporation, WATCO's Touchscreen Station and "New CPP's at WATCO," Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut-Newsletters," https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks.
[^54]: Wackenhut Corporation, nuclear services brochure, undated, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Wackenhut - Newsletters," https://archive.org/details/ddosecrets_casolaro_files.
[^55]: CounterTerrorism Consultants, L.P., "Proudly Presents The Resumes of its Associates," fax copy dated June 20, 1990, pages 141 P10 and 141 P11, Danny Casolaro papers, folder "Promotional Material," https://archive.org/details/casolaro-notebooks.