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10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Gerald Bull.md
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---
category: "Nuclear Scientists & Programs"
tags:
- Person
- Scientist
- Engineer
- ArmsDealer
- Nuclear
- Israel
summary: "In 1981, Bull approached Israel Military Industries in Israel hoping to sell his project, but they were more interested in missile technology."
---
[[Gerald Bull]] was a Canadian scientist and aeronautical engineer known for his work on long-range artillery, particularly the "supergun" project. He was involved in developing artillery that could shoot payloads over remarkable distances without the need for missiles.[^1]
### Israeli Artillery Contracts
@ -13,15 +15,15 @@ tags:
### South African Connections
In 1981, Bull approached [[Israel Military Industries]] in [[Israel]] hoping to sell his project, but they were more interested in missile technology. In 1983, [[Mark Thatcher]], son of British Prime Minister [[Margaret Thatcher]], introduced Bull to [[Pieter Van Der Westhuizen|Gen. Pieter Van Der Westhuizen]], chief of [[South African Military Intelligence]], who in turn connected him with [[South African Arms Corporation|ARMSCOR]]. ARMSCOR contracted Bull for his artillery project.[^1]
In 1981, Bull approached [[Israel Military Industries]] in [[Israel]] hoping to sell his project, but they were more interested in missile technology. In 1983, [[Mark Thatcher]], son of British Prime Minister [[Margaret Thatcher]], introduced Bull to [[Pieter Van Der Westhuizen|Gen. Pieter Van Der Westhuizen]], chief of [[South African Defense Force]], who in turn connected him with [[Armscor|ARMSCOR]]. ARMSCOR contracted Bull for his artillery project.[^1]
### Arrest and Relocation
Bull was later arrested by the [[USA|U.S.]] Attorney for the Southern District of [[New York]] and the [[United States Customs Service]] for violating the Munitions Export Act by exporting military technology to [[South Africa]]. After plea bargaining, he spent about six months in a federal jail. Upon his release, he moved to [[Brussels]], [[Belgium]], and continued his work.[^1]
Bull was later arrested by the [[United States|U.S.]] Attorney for the Southern District of [[New York City]] and the [[U.S. Customs]] for violating the Munitions Export Act by exporting military technology to [[South Africa]]. After plea bargaining, he spent about six months in a federal jail. Upon his release, he moved to [[Brussels]], [[Belgium]], and continued his work.[^1]
### Iraqi Supergun Project
He was commissioned to develop his supergun for [[Iraq]], with funding channeled through [[Carlos Cardoen|Carlos Cardoen's]] financial network. Bull believed his supergun would work and would bring peace by creating a balance of terror, arguing that [[Iraq]] only sought to defend itself against potential attacks from the [[USA|Americans]] and [[Israel|Israelis]].[^1]
He was commissioned to develop his supergun for [[Iraq]], with funding channeled through [[Carlos Cardoen|Carlos Cardoen's]] financial network. Bull believed his supergun would work and would bring peace by creating a balance of terror, arguing that [[Iraq]] only sought to defend itself against potential attacks from the [[United States|Americans]] and [[Israel|Israelis]].[^1]
### Israeli Intervention and Assassination
@ -31,4 +33,4 @@ In late November 1988, [[Ari Ben-Menashe]] met with Bull in his [[Brussels]] apa
### Footnotes
[^1]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. _Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network_. TrineDay, 1992. (Hereafter, "Profits of War") [^2]: Hersh, Seymour M. _The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy_. Random House, 1991. Chapter 16.
[^1]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. _Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network_. TrineDay, 1992. [^2]: Hersh, Seymour M. _The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy_. Random House, 1991. Chapter 16.