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40 - EVENTS/TERRORISM/Achille Lauro.md

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+---
+tags:
+  - Event
+  - Terrorism
+  - Italy
+category: "Terrorism"
+summary: "1985 cruise ship attack described as an Israeli black propaganda operation designed to portray Palestinians as terrorists."
+---
+The [[Achille Lauro]] was a cruise ship that was attacked in 1985. This event is described as an [[Israel|Israeli]] "black" propaganda operation designed to portray Palestinians as deadly and cutthroat.[^1]
+
+The operation was orchestrated by [[Rafi]], who passed instructions to [[Mohammed Radi Abdullah]]. [[Mohammed Radi Abdullah|Radi]] then relayed orders to [[Abul Abbas]], who was reportedly receiving millions from [[Israel|Israeli]] intelligence officers posing as Sicilian dons. [[Abul Abbas|Abbas]] gathered a team to attack the cruise ship, with instructions to make the attack severe to show the world what would happen if Palestinian demands were not met.[^1]
+
+During the attack, an elderly [[United States|American]] Jewish man in a wheelchair was killed and his body thrown overboard. For [[Israel]], this was considered the best kind of anti-Palestinian propaganda.[^1]
+
+### Footnotes
+[^1]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network*. TrineDay, 1992.

40 - EVENTS/TERRORISM/Entebbe hijacking.md

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+---
+tags:
+  - Event
+  - Terrorism
+  - Uganda
+  - Israel
+category: "Terrorism"
+summary: "1976 hijacking of an Air France jet by the Baader-Meinhof Group, ended by a daring Israeli commando rescue raid at Entebbe Airport in Uganda."
+---
+The [[Entebbe hijacking]] occurred on June 27, 1976, when an [[Air France]] jet flying from [[Tel Aviv]] to [[Paris]] was hijacked by members of the [[Baader-Meinhof Group]]. The plane was diverted to [[Athens]] and then landed at [[Entebbe Airport]] in [[Uganda]]. Non-[[Israel|Israeli]] passengers were released, but [[Israel|Israeli]] and other passengers remained captive.[^1]
+
+[[Israel]] decided to mount a commando raid to rescue the passengers. [[Ari Ben-Menashe]] was part of a backup team, flying to [[Nairobi]] in an [[Air Force]] Boeing 707 to serve as a listening post. The raid was successful.[^1]
+
+Relations between [[Israel]] and [[Idi Amin]], then president of [[Uganda]], were strained at the time. [[Idi Amin|Amin]] had been installed in a military coup planned by former [[Israel|Israeli]] military attaché Col. Baruch Bar Lev, but relations deteriorated after [[Muammar Qaddafi|Col. Muammar Qaddafi]] of [[Libya]] promised money to black [[Africa|African]] nations if they cut ties with [[Israel]].[^1]
+
+### Footnotes
+[^1]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network*. TrineDay, 1992.

40 - EVENTS/TERRORISM/Munich Olympic Massacre.md

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+---
+tags:
+  - Event
+  - Terrorism
+  - Germany
+  - Israel
+category: "Terrorism"
+summary: "1972 attack on Israeli Olympic athletes in Munich by Black September, leading to retaliatory assassinations by Israeli intelligence."
+---
+The [[Munich Olympic Massacre]] refers to the attack that took place during the 1972 Summer Olympics in [[Munich]], [[West Germany]], where 11 [[Israel|Israeli]] Olympic team members were taken hostage and eventually killed by the Palestinian terrorist group [[Black September]].[^1]
+
+In the aftermath of this massacre, a battle raged in [[Europe]] between [[Mossad]] agents and [[Black September]], with both sides engaging in retaliatory killings.[^1]
+
+### Footnotes
+[^1]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network*. TrineDay, 1992.

40 - EVENTS/TERRORISM/Pan Am Flight 103.md

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+---
+category: "Terrorism"
+summary: "1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland, connecting international terrorism to drug trafficking and intelligence operations."
+---
+Pan Am Flight 103 was a passenger flight that exploded over Lockerbie, Scotland, in 1988. The incident became a focal point for investigations into international terrorism, drug trafficking, and intelligence operations.[^1]
+
+### Allegations of Drug Smuggling and Intelligence Cover
+
+Pan Am Flight 103 was allegedly part of a heroin smuggling route run by a drug trafficking ring connected to the Syrian regime and protected by both the [[DEA|U.S. DEA]] and the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]. The private investigative firm Interfor, hired by Pan Am, claimed that the Syrian-backed [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command|PFLP-GC]] was behind the bombing. Interfor also alleged that the ring was overseen by Syrian kingpin [[Monzer Al-Kassar]], known as a major arms dealer, and that the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] was protecting Al-Kassar's operation because he was cooperating with efforts to free U.S. hostages in [[Lebanon]].[^1]
+
+According to allegations, the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] and [[DEA|DEA]] instructed Germany's internal intelligence agency, the BKA, to allow certain suitcases to pass uninspected onto U.S.-bound flights at the Frankfurt airport, where Flight 103 originated. Unbeknownst to all but the [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command|PFLP-GC]] and Al-Kassar, a suitcase intended for heroin was covertly substituted with explosives.[^1]
+
+### "Controlled Delivery" Operation
+
+The [[DEA|DEA]] admitted that a protection program, code-named "[[Khourah]]," existed. [[Ronald Caffrey]], acting assistant administrator of the operational division of the [[DEA|DEA]], stated that this was a "controlled delivery" operation. In such operations, a law enforcement agency permits and monitors shipments of contraband to identify and arrest high-ranking members of trafficking organizations rather than just low-level couriers.[^1]
+
+### Aftermath and Shifting Blame
+
+Pan Am argued in court that it was a pawn of an international intelligence operation but lost the case and was forced into bankruptcy. In 1990, as the [[White House]] sought to align [[Syria]] as a partner in the Allied coalition, blame for the bombing shifted from [[Syria]] to [[Libya]], where it largely remains.[^1]
+
+Two senior members of the [[Middle East Collection 10]] (MC-10) cell, [[Matthew Kevin Gannon]] and Major [[Charles Dennis McKee]], were on Pan Am Flight 103, having just returned from a mission in Beirut. After the explosion, the Beirut end of MC-10 was reportedly "blown."[^1]
+
+---
+### Footnotes
+
+[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.