vault backup: 2026-09-21 19:17:08
This commit is contained in:
parent
269d7818d3
commit
4b8f019502
225 changed files with 2688 additions and 717 deletions
40
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Armando Fernandez Larios.md
Normal file
40
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Armando Fernandez Larios.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Intelligence & Government"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- ArmandoFernandezLarios
|
||||
- DINA
|
||||
- Chile
|
||||
- OrlandoLetelier
|
||||
- CaravanOfDeath
|
||||
- PleaBargain
|
||||
- ImmigrationAndCustomsEnforcement
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Armando Fernández Larios
|
||||
- Alejandro Romeral
|
||||
summary: "Chilean army officer of the 1973 Caravan of Death and DINA's advance man in the Letelier murder, who defected to the United States in 1987, served five months, and was detained by ICE in 2025."
|
||||
location: "Florida, United States"
|
||||
created: 2026-09-21
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Armando Fernández Larios was an officer of the [[Chile|Chilean]] army and of [[DINA]]. He left the army in January 1987 with the rank of major and has lived since in the [[United States]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Caravan of Death
|
||||
|
||||
In October 1973 he was one of the squad of General [[Sergio Arellano Stark]] that toured provincial garrisons removing prisoners for execution. A federal appeals court recorded that on October 17 at [[Copiapó]] the squad chose thirteen prisoners, "drove the thirteen prisoners ten minutes outside of Copiapo toward the City of La Serena, ordered the prisoners out of the truck, and executed each by gunfire or by stabbing." The economist [[Winston Cabello]] "refused to leave the truck and was stabbed to death by Fernandez who slashed Cabello with a corvo, a short, curved knife that is designed to inflict fatal wounds while causing a prolonged and painful death." Fernández denied at trial that he had been present. In 2003 a federal jury awarded Cabello's family four million dollars under the [[Alien Tort Claims Act]] and the [[Torture Victim Protection Act]], and the [[United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit|Eleventh Circuit]] affirmed in 2005.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Letelier
|
||||
|
||||
In July 1976 Fernández and [[Michael Townley]] went to [[Paraguay]] for false passports in the names Alejandro Romeral and Juan Williams, which Ambassador [[George Landau]] photographed. That September he went ahead of Townley to Washington to watch [[Orlando Letelier]], and met Townley at [[John F. Kennedy International Airport|Kennedy Airport]] on September 9. Letelier and [[Ronni Moffitt]] were killed on September 21. A Washington grand jury indicted Fernández in 1978 with [[Manuel Contreras]] and [[Pedro Espinoza]], and Chile refused to extradite them.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### The 1987 Arrangement
|
||||
|
||||
In mid-January 1987 he met American officials secretly in [[Santiago]] for ten hours. He left for [[Brazil]] on January 22, was questioned there by officers of the [[Department of State|State Department]] and the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], and was brought to the United States. Polygraph examinations found "consistent signs of deception" in his denial that he had known the purpose of the mission. A [[State Department]] memorandum of January 26 declared that "Fernandez is not a murderer" and that "the foreign policy benefits are substantial." On February 4 he pleaded guilty before Judge [[Barrington Parker]] to being an accessory after the fact. The government promised that it "would neither seek to deport [him] to Chile nor to cooperate in his extradition to Chile." Parker sentenced him on May 6 to up to seven years. In July the State Department's lawyer [[Michael Kozak]] wrote to the parole commission: "I personally have come to know Mr. Fernandez Larios and his character well." He was paroled on September 11, 1987, after five months.[^1][^2]
|
||||
|
||||
In 2005 he applied without success for the visa given to foreign informants. On October 27, 2025, agents of [[Immigration and Customs Enforcement]] detained him in [[Florida]] and held him at the [[Krome Detention Center]], and in January 2026 the [[Department of Homeland Security]] put him on a published list of the "worst of the worst." He petitioned for habeas corpus on February 20, pleading the promise of 1987. Chief Judge [[Cecilia Altonaga]] ordered the government to answer by March 19. It released him that day instead, and she dismissed the case as moot on March 30.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Cabello v. Fernandez-Larios, 402 F.3d 1148 (11th Cir. 2005).
|
||||
[^2]: Kornbluh, Peter, and Sebastian Santana. "'Worst of the Worst': ICE and the Case of Chilean Intelligence Operative Armando Fernandez Larios," National Security Archive, July 10, 2026. https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/chile/2026-07-10/worst-worst-ice-and-case-chilean-intelligence-operative-armando
|
||||
|
|
@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ died: 1974-04-12
|
|||
location: "Glasgow, Kentucky"
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Arthur Krock was a prominent Washington columnist for the *New York Times*. In December 1960, he served as an intermediary, directing [[John W. Finney]] to [[John A. McCone]], then chairman of the [[Atomic Energy Commission]], to get a story about [[Israel]]'s secret nuclear reactor at [[Dimona]]. Krock's role indicated that the administration was looking to plant the story publicly.[^1]
|
||||
Arthur Krock was a prominent Washington columnist for the *New York Times*. In December 1960, he served as an intermediary, directing [[John W. Finney]] to [[John McCone|John A. McCone]], then chairman of the [[Atomic Energy Commission]], to get a story about [[Israel]]'s secret nuclear reactor at [[Dimona]]. Krock's role indicated that the administration was looking to plant the story publicly.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ August B. Kreis III was a white supremacist activist and self-appointed director
|
|||
|
||||
### Background and Aryan Nations Leadership
|
||||
|
||||
Kreis had a long history in the white supremacist movement before his South Carolina period. He served as "minister of information" for the main Aryan Nations under [[Richard Butler]] before Butler's death in 2004, and subsequently assumed leadership of a splinter faction that continued under the Aryan Nations name from [[Lexington County, South Carolina]]. In this role he operated out of the same geographic and social environment as Sutter.
|
||||
Kreis had a long history in the white supremacist movement before his [[South Carolina]] period. He served as "minister of information" for the main Aryan Nations under [[Richard Butler]] before Butler's death in 2004, and subsequently assumed leadership of a splinter faction that continued under the Aryan Nations name from [[Lexington County, South Carolina]]. In this role he operated out of the same geographic and social environment as Sutter.
|
||||
|
||||
### The Al-Qaeda Statements and FBI Investigation
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
32
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Bernardo Leighton.md
Normal file
32
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Bernardo Leighton.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Political Figure"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- BernardoLeighton
|
||||
- Chile
|
||||
- ChristianDemocraticParty
|
||||
- DINA
|
||||
- OperationCondor
|
||||
- Rome
|
||||
- MichaelTownley
|
||||
summary: "Founder of Chile's Christian Democratic Party and former interior minister, exiled in Rome, who was shot with his wife on October 6, 1975, by Italian fascists engaged by DINA's agent Michael Townley."
|
||||
location: "Rome, Italy"
|
||||
created: 2026-09-21
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Bernardo Leighton was a founder of the [[Christian Democratic Party (Chile)|Christian Democratic Party]] of [[Chile]] and minister of the interior under President [[Eduardo Frei Montalva]]. After the coup of 1973 the Italian [[Democrazia Cristiana|Christian Democrats]] invited him to live in [[Rome]], where he worked for an understanding between his party and the exiled left.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
In the fall of 1975 [[Michael Townley]], his wife [[Mariana Callejas]], and [[Virgilio Paz]] of the [[Cuban Nationalist Movement]] were in Europe on a mission for [[DINA]] that Townley called "Operation Open Season." To the Italian fascists he put the case this way: "In Rome, right now, there lives a Chilean exile who embodies that threat of left-center alliance. Behind this incipient Christian Democratic-leftist alliance is Bernardo Leighton. His elimination would prove of immeasureable benefit to anticommunist movements all over the world." Paz proposed the cover: "The Italians would kill the Chilean target, and the Cuban exile movement would claim credit."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
On October 6, 1975, a gunman shot Leighton in the back of the head with a 9mm Beretta. The bullet came out above his left ear. A second shot passed through his wife at the shoulder and grazed her spine, and she did not recover the full use of her legs. Both lived. On November 4 a Cuban exile group calling itself Zero sent the [[Associated Press]] in [[Miami]] a communiqué naming the weapon. "The FBI gave credence to the Zero communique about Leighton because it provided details of the attack that only the assassins could know." Its agents "reasoned that the Leighton attack had been a 'contract' from the Chilean military government and that Zero had served as Chile's hired gun." The members of Zero included [[Guillermo Novo]], his brother Ignacio, and [[Jose Dionisio Suarez]], three of the men later charged in the murder of [[Orlando Letelier]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
The name had been added to Townley's list by Major [[Raúl Iturriaga Neumann|Raúl Iturriaga]] of DINA, who ordered him to enlist the organization of [[Stefano Delle Chiaie]]. Delle Chiaie advised against exiles such as [[Carlos Altamirano]], who were too well protected. "Leighton was a better, and easier target." The gunman was [[Pierluigi Concutelli]]. "Townley and the Italians celebrated with dinner at Delle Chiaie's apartment, thinking that the Leightons were dead." A few weeks later General [[Augusto Pinochet]] flew to [[Madrid]] for the funeral of [[Francisco Franco]]. "Delle Chiaie was given a private audience with Pinochet in his hotel room. Contreras also presented Delle Chiaie with the $5,000 payment."[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
An Italian court convicted Townley in his absence in 1993.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Dinges, John, and Saul Landau. *Assassination on Embassy Row*. McGraw-Hill, 1980, pp. 152, 158-162, 240.
|
||||
[^2]: Dinges, John. *The Condor Years: How Pinochet and His Allies Brought Terrorism to Three Continents*. New Press, 2004, pp. 130-133.
|
||||
[^3]: Kornbluh, Peter, ed. "The Pinochet Dictatorship Declassified: Confessions of a DINA Hit Man," National Security Archive, November 22, 2023.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
created: 2026-05-17
|
||||
updated: 2026-05-17
|
||||
title: Bill Harvey
|
||||
aliases:
|
||||
- Bill Harvey
|
||||
- William Harvey
|
||||
- William King Harvey
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- CIA
|
||||
category: "Intelligence & Government"
|
||||
summary: "Redirect - see William Harvey."
|
||||
born: 1915-09-13
|
||||
died: 1976-06-09
|
||||
location: "Indianapolis, Indiana"
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
See [[William Harvey]].
|
||||
|
|
@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ Bill Moser is an [[FBI]] Special Agent assigned to the [[FBI Columbia Field Offi
|
|||
|
||||
### Identification in Trial Testimony
|
||||
|
||||
Moser was identified by name through Sutter's own testimony at the September 2021 trial of [[Kaleb Cole]] in [[United States v. Shea et al.]], 2:20-cr-00032 ([[Western District of Washington|W.D. Wash.]], Judge [[John C. Coughenour]]). Sutter testified that "on the direction of his FBI handler, Special Agent Bill Moser of the Columbia, South Carolina, field office, Sutter became part of the underground militant group," referring to [[Atomwaffen Division]].[^1] This testimony was corroborated in the reporting of journalist [[Ali Winston]], drawing on trial transcripts.[^1]
|
||||
Moser was identified by name through Sutter's own testimony at the September 2021 trial of [[Kaleb Cole]] in [[United States v. Shea et al.]], 2:20-cr-00032 ([[Western District of Washington|W.D. Wash.]], Judge [[John C. Coughenour]]). Sutter testified that "on the direction of his FBI handler, Special Agent Bill Moser of the Columbia, [[South Carolina]], field office, Sutter became part of the underground militant group," referring to [[Atomwaffen Division]].[^1] This testimony was corroborated in the reporting of journalist [[Ali Winston]], drawing on trial transcripts.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
No additional information about Moser, his rank, tenure, other cases, or supervisory chain within the Columbia office, has been confirmed in publicly available sources. Former and current FBI agents from the Columbia field office either did not recall Sutter or declined comment when asked by journalists.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Operational Direction
|
||||
|
||||
According to Sutter's trial testimony, Moser directed Sutter to join Atomwaffen Division from his existing position within [[Tempel ov Blood]] and the [[Order of Nine Angles]] (O9A) network. Moser's direction encompassed Sutter attending the [[2018 AWD Death Valley Hate Camp]] (February 2018) and the [[2019 AWD Nuclear Congress]] in [[Las Vegas, Nevada]] (September 2019). Rolling Stone reported that FBI funds were used to cover member travel and lodging for the Las Vegas gathering.[^1]
|
||||
According to Sutter's trial testimony, Moser directed Sutter to join Atomwaffen Division from his existing position within [[Tempel ov Blood]] and the [[Order of Nine Angles]] (O9A) network. Moser's direction encompassed Sutter attending the [[2018 AWD Death Valley Hate Camp]] (February 2018) and the [[2019 AWD Nuclear Congress]] in [[Las Vegas, Nevada]] (September 2019). Rolling Stone reported that FBI funds were used to cover member travel and lodging for the [[Las Vegas]] gathering.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Moser's field office began an intensified payment period to Sutter specifically from February 7, 2018, the start of the documented $78,133.20 payment tranche that "almost entirely coincides with his work on the investigation into Mr. Cole" per the Cole defense motion.[^3] This payment timeline places Moser's direction of the AWD infiltration operation within a window bookended by the February 2018 Hate Camp and the September 2019 Nuclear Congress.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ tags:
|
|||
summary: "Charles Lucet was a senior French foreign ministry official who served as deputy ambassador in Washington D.C."
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Charles Lucet was a senior French foreign ministry official who served as deputy ambassador in [[Washington, D.C.]] in the late 1950s and later became ambassador in 1965. At a 1962 Washington dinner party, he was publicly reprimanded by [[John A. McCone]], then [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] director, for [[France]]'s role in the Israeli bomb. When McCone asked if [[France]] was building a reprocessing plant for the Israelis, Lucet replied with [[France]]'s public position: "No, we are building a reactor." McCone then turned his back on Lucet and did not speak to him for the rest of the evening, a pointed rebuff given [[France]]'s high standing with President [[John F. Kennedy]] and his wife.[^1]
|
||||
Charles Lucet was a senior French foreign ministry official who served as deputy ambassador in [[Washington, D.C.]] in the late 1950s and later became ambassador in 1965. At a 1962 Washington dinner party, he was publicly reprimanded by [[John McCone|John A. McCone]], then [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] director, for [[France]]'s role in the Israeli bomb. When McCone asked if [[France]] was building a reprocessing plant for the Israelis, Lucet replied with [[France]]'s public position: "No, we are building a reactor." McCone then turned his back on Lucet and did not speak to him for the rest of the evening, a pointed rebuff given [[France]]'s high standing with President [[John F. Kennedy]] and his wife.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
32
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Claude Kirk.md
Normal file
32
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Claude Kirk.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Political Figure"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- ClaudeKirk
|
||||
- Florida
|
||||
- Wackenhut
|
||||
- PrivatePolice
|
||||
- OrganizedCrime
|
||||
- RepublicanParty
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Claude R. Kirk Jr.
|
||||
- Governor Kirk
|
||||
summary: "Governor of Florida from 1967 to 1971 who put George Wackenhut and his company's detectives in charge of a war on crime paid for by private donors, which the FBI refused to recognize."
|
||||
location: "Tallahassee, Florida"
|
||||
created: 2026-09-21
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Claude R. Kirk Jr. was the governor of [[Florida]] from January 1967 to January 1971, the first Republican to hold the office since Reconstruction.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The War on Crime
|
||||
|
||||
In his inaugural address of January 3, 1967, Kirk announced a "war on crime" and named [[George R. Wackenhut]] its director at a dollar a year. The detectives and offices were supplied by the [[Wackenhut Corporation]] of [[Coral Gables, Florida|Coral Gables]] under a contract reported at 500,000 dollars, to be paid not by the state but by the donations of citizens. Against what [[Time (magazine)|Time]] called "anguished cries of 'Nazism!' and 'Dictatorship!'" the experiment, the magazine wrote, "succeeded to the extent of pointing up the need for a regular state police force and led to formation of the first statewide law-enforcement bureau." It produced more than eighty indictments, some of them of local officials. Time put the unpaid bill owed to the company at more than 300,000 dollars.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
On January 13, 1967, headquarters of the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] instructed its Florida offices to give Kirk's men nothing: "The Bureau does not recognize the Wackenhut Corporation as a properly constituted law enforcement agency." The order was repeated on April 3, after Kirk had called on the attorney general. That month the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]], which had used Wackenhut's company since 1961 to give cover to its officers in [[Miami]], withdrew his covert security approval "due to the notoriety that Mr. Wackenhut had received in connection with his activities in Florida." The crime reporter [[Hank Messick]], hired from the [[Miami Herald]], resigned from the company after six weeks, calling the campaign "a cruel hoax" and objecting that Wackenhut kept as a client a former Bahamian minister with gambling interests. The company told the legislature that the "overlord of the whole state's criminal syndicates" was [[Santos Trafficante, Jr.|Santo Trafficante]].[^2][^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: "Florida: I, Claudius," *Time,* 1967. https://time.com/archive/6631431/florida-i-claudius/
|
||||
[^2]: Federal Bureau of Investigation, airtel to SAC Jacksonville, January 13, 1967, and memorandum recording the instruction of April 3, 1967, with press clippings, headquarters, Miami, and Tampa files on the Wackenhut Corporation. https://archive.org/details/WackenhutCorporation
|
||||
[^3]: Central Intelligence Agency, "Wackenhut Corporation, SF# 493 364," memorandum for the record, July 28, 1975, JFK record 104-10130-10454.
|
||||
|
|
@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ location: "Tyler, Texas"
|
|||
|
||||
[[Clint Murchison, Sr.]] was a powerful Texas oilman and a significant political figure, described as being cut from the same cloth as [[H.L. Hunt]]. He was the father of [[Clint W. Murchison, Jr.]], a director of [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]]. Murchison, Sr. was a key organizer of pro-[[Douglas MacArthur|MacArthur]] forces in Texas and an ardent supporter of Senator [[Joseph McCarthy]]'s anti-communist crusade.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Murchison, Sr. cultivated relationships with influential figures across the political spectrum, including [[J. Edgar Hoover]], [[Richard Nixon]], and [[Lyndon Johnson]]. The Murchison family's rise to power was closely tied to their connections in Texas oil. He was known for his hospitality, often hosting [[J. Edgar Hoover]] at his exclusive Hotel Del Charro in La Jolla, California, and covering Hoover's expenses, which amounted to approximately $19,000 in free vacations between 1953 and 1959.[^1]
|
||||
Murchison, Sr. cultivated relationships with influential figures across the political spectrum, including [[J. Edgar Hoover]], [[Richard Nixon]], and [[Lyndon B. Johnson|Lyndon Johnson]]. The Murchison family's rise to power was closely tied to their connections in Texas oil. He was known for his hospitality, often hosting [[J. Edgar Hoover]] at his exclusive Hotel Del Charro in La Jolla, California, and covering Hoover's expenses, which amounted to approximately $19,000 in free vacations between 1953 and 1959.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
His business dealings also intersected with organized crime. Nearly 20 percent of the Murchison Oil Lease Company in Oklahoma was owned by [[Gerardo Catena]], a chief lieutenant to the [[Genovese Crime Family]]. Furthermore, the Murchison family's affairs were tightly interwoven with the scandal surrounding [[Bobby Baker]], a close associate of [[Lyndon Johnson]], which involved numerous questionable deals with organized crime figures in Las Vegas, Chicago, Louisiana, and the Caribbean.[^1]
|
||||
His business dealings also intersected with organized crime. Nearly 20 percent of the Murchison Oil Lease Company in Oklahoma was owned by [[Gerardo Catena]], a chief lieutenant to the [[Genovese Crime Family]]. Furthermore, the Murchison family's affairs were tightly interwoven with the scandal surrounding [[Bobby Baker]], a close associate of [[Lyndon B. Johnson|Lyndon Johnson]], which involved numerous questionable deals with organized crime figures in [[Las Vegas]], Chicago, Louisiana, and the Caribbean.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ location: "Dallas, Texas"
|
|||
|
||||
[[Clint W. Murchison, Jr.]] was a Director of [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]] and the owner of the Dallas Cowboys NFL football team. He was the son of [[Clint Murchison, Sr.]], a figure described as being cut from the same political cloth as [[H.L. Hunt]], both known for their significant influence and connections.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
His family cultivated relationships not only with powerful figures on the far right but also with individuals such as [[J. Edgar Hoover]], [[Richard Nixon]], organized crime figures, and [[Lyndon Johnson]]. The Murchison family's rise to power was closely tied to their connections in Texas oil.[^1]
|
||||
His family cultivated relationships not only with powerful figures on the far right but also with individuals such as [[J. Edgar Hoover]], [[Richard Nixon]], organized crime figures, and [[Lyndon B. Johnson|Lyndon Johnson]]. The Murchison family's rise to power was closely tied to their connections in Texas oil.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
[[Clint W. Murchison, Jr.]]'s father, [[Clint Murchison, Sr.]], was an ardent supporter of Senator [[Joseph McCarthy]]'s anti-communist crusade. McCarthy, [[Richard Nixon]], and [[J. Edgar Hoover]] were frequent visitors to the exclusive Hotel Del Charro in La Jolla, California, which Murchison, Sr. opened in the early 1950s. [[J. Edgar Hoover]]'s vacations at the hotel were often covered by Murchison, Sr.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
The Murchison family's business dealings also intersected with organized crime. A significant portion of the Murchison Oil Lease Company in Oklahoma was owned by [[Gerardo Catena]], a chief lieutenant to the [[Genovese Crime Family]]. Furthermore, [[Clint W. Murchison, Jr.]] was involved in real estate dealings with [[Jimmy Hoffa]] in Florida, and his family's affairs were tightly interwoven with the scandal surrounding [[Bobby Baker]], a close associate of [[Lyndon Johnson]], which involved numerous questionable deals with organized crime figures in Las Vegas, Chicago, Louisiana, and the Caribbean.[^1]
|
||||
The Murchison family's business dealings also intersected with organized crime. A significant portion of the Murchison Oil Lease Company in Oklahoma was owned by [[Gerardo Catena]], a chief lieutenant to the [[Genovese Crime Family]]. Furthermore, [[Clint W. Murchison, Jr.]] was involved in real estate dealings with [[Jimmy Hoffa]] in Florida, and his family's affairs were tightly interwoven with the scandal surrounding [[Bobby Baker]], a close associate of [[Lyndon B. Johnson|Lyndon Johnson]], which involved numerous questionable deals with organized crime figures in [[Las Vegas]], Chicago, Louisiana, and the Caribbean.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
His involvement with [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]] placed him among a group of influential individuals with ties to government and intelligence, including [[Robert Maheu]], [[Michael A. McManus]], [[Robert Booth Nichols]], and [[George K. Pender]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ location: "Knokke-Heist, Belgium"
|
|||
---
|
||||
Leopold Raymond Maurice Francois Marie Ghislain Lippens was born on October 20, 1941, in Knokke, Belgium, into a prominent family with deep roots in the region's political and colonial history. His grandfather had served as governor-general of the Belgian Congo, and his father held the mayoral office of Knokke before him. His brother [[Count Maurice Auguste Lippens]] became a leading Belgian banker and businessman.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Lippens served as mayor of Knokke-Heist for over forty years, from 1979 until his death in February 2021. He cultivated a public profile centered on the coastal resort's golf culture, claiming friendships with international figures including Jackie Kennedy, Ted Kennedy, and Donald Trump. He died on February 19, 2021, from leukemia, aged 79.[^1]
|
||||
Lippens served as mayor of Knokke-Heist for over forty years, from 1979 until his death in February 2021. He cultivated a public profile centered on the coastal resort's golf culture, claiming friendships with international figures including Jackie Kennedy, [[Ted Kennedy]], and Donald Trump. He died on February 19, 2021, from leukemia, aged 79.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### X-Dossier Allegations
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "PROMIS Scandal"
|
||||
created: 2024-04-25
|
||||
updated: 2026-05-01
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- PROMIS
|
||||
- DoJ
|
||||
- Lawyer
|
||||
- INSLAW
|
||||
summary: "See Lowell Jensen."
|
||||
---
|
||||
See [[Lowell Jensen]].
|
||||
|
|
@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ tags:
|
|||
- Dark_Alliance_Investigation
|
||||
summary: Little Rock bond broker and Clinton associate convicted of drug trafficking, connected to Barry Seal's operations at Mena, Arkansas.
|
||||
---
|
||||
Danny Ray Lasater was a Little Rock, [[Arkansas]] bond broker and close friend and campaign contributor of Governor [[Bill Clinton]].[^1] Lasater was a major figure in the drug trafficking nexus surrounding [[Barry Seal]]'s operations at [[Mena, Arkansas]].
|
||||
Danny Ray Lasater was a [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]], [[Arkansas]] bond broker and close friend and campaign contributor of Governor [[Bill Clinton]].[^1] Lasater was a major figure in the drug trafficking nexus surrounding [[Barry Seal]]'s operations at [[Mena, Arkansas]].
|
||||
|
||||
### Drug Trafficking and Conviction
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
33
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Donald Kendall.md
Normal file
33
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Donald Kendall.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Other"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- DonaldKendall
|
||||
- PepsiCo
|
||||
- RichardNixon
|
||||
- Chile
|
||||
- AgustinEdwards
|
||||
- ProjectFUBELT
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Donald M. Kendall
|
||||
- Don Kendall
|
||||
summary: "Chairman of PepsiCo and benefactor of Richard Nixon who in September 1970 brought the Chilean publisher Agustín Edwards to the president's men the day before Nixon ordered a coup, and was later investigated for perjury."
|
||||
location: "New York"
|
||||
created: 2026-09-21
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Donald M. Kendall was chairman and chief executive of [[PepsiCo]], "which had extensive business activities in [[Latin America]]," and sat on the executive committee of the [[Business Group for Latin America]], organized in 1963 by [[David Rockefeller]] "at the express request of President Kennedy." He was one of those described as the "corporate benefactors" of [[Richard Nixon]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### September 1970
|
||||
|
||||
After [[Salvador Allende]]'s plurality on September 4, 1970, the publisher of [[El Mercurio]], [[Agustin Edwards|Agustín Edwards]], "flew within days to see Donald Kendall in Washington, who immediately hired him as a PepsiCo vice president and invited him to be a house guest." On September 14, by [[Henry A. Kissinger|Henry Kissinger]]'s account, Kendall saw Nixon privately, "a meeting that, like many others, did not appear on Nixon's daily log." The next morning Kissinger and Attorney General [[John Mitchell]], "at Nixon's direction, had breakfast with Kendall and Edwards." [[Richard Helms]] met the two at a Washington hotel, where they "appealed passionately for CIA help in blocking Allende." That afternoon Nixon ordered Helms to prevent Allende from taking office. Helms testified: "I have this impression that the President called this meeting where I have my handwritten notes because of Edwards' presence in Washington and what he heard from Kendall about what Edwards was saying about conditions in Chile."[^1][^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Perjury Inquiry
|
||||
|
||||
"As late as December 1977, according to [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] documents made public under the [[Freedom of Information Act]], potential defendants in the case included not only [[Harold Geneen]] but two other corporate leaders, [[C. Jay Parkinson]] and Donald Kendall," each "under investigation on felony charges for perjury, obstruction of justice, and conspiracy" over their statements on [[Chile]]. "Parkinson and Kendall also escaped indictment."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Price of Power: Kissinger in the Nixon White House*. Summit Books, 1983, pp. 260, 268, 270, 273.
|
||||
[^2]: Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, *Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders,* interim report, S. Rept. 94-465, November 20, 1975, quoting Helms's testimony of July 15, 1975.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Nuclear Scientists & Programs"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- Nuclear
|
||||
- Israel
|
||||
summary: "Acting director of defense programs at the Department of Energy who directed the Nuclear Intelligence Panel study of the 1979 Vela satellite flash, concluding it was a nuclear bomb."
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Donald M. Kerr, Jr. served in the [[Jimmy Carter|Carter]] administration as acting director of the defense programs at the [[Department of Energy]], making him responsible for [[America]]'s nuclear bombs. He directed the secret Nuclear Intelligence Panel (NIP) study into the 1979 [[VELA Satellite]] sighting. Kerr stated that the NIP had no doubt it was a nuclear bomb and believed the [[Jack P. Ruina|Ruina]] panel's mandate was driven by politics "to find a different explanation."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991. Chapter 20.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,15 +1,23 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
aliases:
|
||||
- Donald M. Kerr
|
||||
- Donald M. Kerr, Jr.
|
||||
category: "Psychics & Remote Viewers"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- RemoteViewer
|
||||
- Stargate
|
||||
summary: "Director of Los Alamos National Laboratory who served on the science panel for the CIA's Sun Streak/Stargate remote viewing program."
|
||||
- Nuclear
|
||||
- Israel
|
||||
summary: "Acting director of defense programs at the Department of Energy who directed the Nuclear Intelligence Panel study of the 1979 Vela satellite flash, concluding it was a nuclear bomb."
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Donald M. Kerr was the director of [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]] in [[New Mexico]]. He was a member of the new science panel for the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Sun Streak]] program, which was established on January 31, 1986[^1].
|
||||
Donald M. Kerr, Jr. served in the [[Jimmy Carter|Carter]] administration as acting director of the defense programs at the [[Department of Energy]], making him responsible for [[America]]'s nuclear bombs. He directed the secret Nuclear Intelligence Panel (NIP) study into the 1979 [[VELA Satellite]] sighting. Kerr stated that the NIP had no doubt it was a nuclear bomb and believed the [[Jack P. Ruina|Ruina]] panel's mandate was driven by politics "to find a different explanation."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Sun Streak
|
||||
|
||||
Donald M. Kerr was the director of [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]] in [[New Mexico]]. He was a member of the new science panel for the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Sun Streak]] program, which was established on January 31, 1986[^2].
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991. Chapter 20.
|
||||
[^2]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags:
|
|||
- OrganizedCrime
|
||||
summary: "Las Vegas gambler and lieutenant of Meyer Lansky whose Fremont Hotel was financed through a Jimmy Hoffa loan, connecting Bobby Baker networks to organized crime."
|
||||
---
|
||||
[[Edward Levinson]] was a Las Vegas gambler and a lieutenant of Florida mobster [[Meyer Lansky]]. His Fremont Hotel in Las Vegas was financed through a [[Jimmy Hoffa|Hoffa]] loan. Levinson was one of the associates who brought a lawsuit against [[Bobby Baker]] in 1963, alleging that Baker failed to live up to certain bargains. Through Baker, Levinson also became acquainted with [[Clint Murchison, Sr.]].[^1]
|
||||
[[Edward Levinson]] was a [[Las Vegas]] gambler and a lieutenant of Florida mobster [[Meyer Lansky]]. His Fremont Hotel in Las Vegas was financed through a [[Jimmy Hoffa|Hoffa]] loan. Levinson was one of the associates who brought a lawsuit against [[Bobby Baker]] in 1963, alleging that Baker failed to live up to certain bargains. Through Baker, Levinson also became acquainted with [[Clint Murchison, Sr.]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ died: 1977-03-29
|
|||
location: "Manalapan, Florida"
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
George Sergius de Mohrenschildt (April 17, 1911 - March 29, 1977) was a Russian-born petroleum geologist and Texas academic who befriended [[Lee Harvey Oswald]] in [[Dallas, Texas|Dallas]] in the summer of 1962 and remained his closest social contact until April 1963. De Mohrenschildt maintained a documented relationship with [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] Domestic Contact Service officer [[J. Walton Moore]] in Dallas spanning at least 1957 to 1961. Based on de Mohrenschildt's own statements to journalist [[Edward Jay Epstein]] shortly before his death, Moore had asked him to befriend Oswald and report on his experiences in the [[Soviet Union]], with CIA assistance on a [[Haiti|Haitian]] oil contract as the reciprocal arrangement. De Mohrenschildt obtained that Haitian oil exploration contract in March 1963 - immediately after his period of closest contact with Oswald - and moved to Haiti in June 1963. He was found dead of a shotgun wound on March 29, 1977, the same day that [[House Select Committee on Assassinations]] (HSCA) investigator [[Gaeton Fonzi]] made his first attempt to contact him.[^1]
|
||||
George Sergius de Mohrenschildt (April 17, 1911 - March 29, 1977) was a Russian-born petroleum geologist and Texas academic who befriended [[Lee Harvey Oswald]] in [[Dallas, Texas|Dallas]] in the summer of 1962 and remained his closest social contact until April 1963. De Mohrenschildt maintained a documented relationship with [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] [[Domestic Contact Service]] officer [[J. Walton Moore]] in Dallas spanning at least 1957 to 1961. Based on de Mohrenschildt's own statements to journalist [[Edward Jay Epstein]] shortly before his death, Moore had asked him to befriend Oswald and report on his experiences in the [[Soviet Union]], with CIA assistance on a [[Haiti|Haitian]] oil contract as the reciprocal arrangement. De Mohrenschildt obtained that Haitian oil exploration contract in March 1963 - immediately after his period of closest contact with Oswald - and moved to Haiti in June 1963. He was found dead of a shotgun wound on March 29, 1977, the same day that [[House Select Committee on Assassinations]] (HSCA) investigator [[Gaeton Fonzi]] made his first attempt to contact him.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Background
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Haroldson Lafayette Hunt Jr. (February 17, 1889 to November 29, 1974) was a [[Da
|
|||
|
||||
Hunt was born near [[Vandalia, Illinois]], the youngest of eight children, and was taught at home. He ran a cotton plantation in [[Arkansas]] until floods ended it in 1917, and in 1921 joined the oil boom at [[El Dorado, Arkansas]], as a lease broker. He claimed a fortune of 600,000 dollars by 1925, lost money in the Smackover field and the Florida land boom, and was reportedly broke again by 1930. An internal FBI memorandum of February 26, 1964, summarized the Bureau's file on these years: Hunt "was reportedly a professional gambler years ago, won an oil lease in a card game, and is also alleged to have operated prostitution activities in Arkansas several years ago." The same memorandum recorded an allegation that in 1943 he ran "a private horse race and gambling bookie establishment within his office in Dallas."[^1][^4]
|
||||
|
||||
On November 26, 1930, Hunt bought the discovery well and surrounding leases of the 70-year-old wildcatter [[Columbus Marion Joiner|Columbus Marion "Dad" Joiner]], whose [[Daisy Bradford No. 3]] had opened the [[East Texas Oil Field]] seven weeks earlier. Hunt had watched the drill-stem test at the well in September. He paid 50,000 dollars in cash, 45,000 dollars in notes, and a guarantee of 1.3 million dollars out of future production, and the first payment came from 30,000 dollars belonging to [[P.G. Lake]], an El Dorado clothier. The field proved to be 43 miles long and as much as nine miles wide, and Hunt's share of it eventually exceeded 100 million dollars. His [[Panola Pipe Line]] was carrying oil by December 1, 1930, and by 1932 [[Hunt Production Company]] operated 900 wells in East Texas. In 1935 H.L. Hunt, Inc., became Placid Oil, and its shares went into trusts for his six children by his first wife.[^1][^5]
|
||||
On November 26, 1930, Hunt bought the discovery well and surrounding leases of the 70-year-old wildcatter [[Columbus Marion Joiner|Columbus Marion "Dad" Joiner]], whose [[Daisy Bradford No. 3]] had opened the [[East Texas Oil Field]] seven weeks earlier. Hunt had watched the drill-stem test at the well in September. He paid 50,000 dollars in cash, 45,000 dollars in notes, and a guarantee of 1.3 million dollars out of future production, and the first payment came from 30,000 dollars belonging to [[P.G. Lake]], an El Dorado clothier. The field proved to be 43 miles long and as much as nine miles wide, and Hunt's share of it eventually exceeded 100 million dollars. His [[Panola Pipe Line]] was carrying oil by December 1, 1930, and by 1932 [[Hunt Production Company]] operated 900 wells in [[East Texas]]. In 1935 H.L. Hunt, Inc., became Placid Oil, and its shares went into trusts for his six children by his first wife.[^1][^5]
|
||||
|
||||
In late 1936 Hunt bought the [[Excelsior Refining Company]] in [[Rusk County, Texas|Rusk County]] and renamed it [[Parade Refining Company|Parade Refining]]. Residue gas from the Parade plant was piped into the [[New London School explosion|New London school]], which exploded on March 18, 1937. Most of the families involved worked for Hunt.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -30,18 +30,21 @@ Hunt would not seek a medical deferment for him. He had two employees move Hassi
|
|||
|
||||
Hunt sent him to a psychiatric institution near [[Andover, Massachusetts]], where he was given electric shock. Back in [[Texas]] he did not know his relations. "You see that woman at the head of the table?" he said of his mother at dinner. "She's married to that fellow Hunt that you hear about." He threw a piece of fruit at her and broke her glasses, and challenged his father to fights. Hunt's aides hired women as companions for him and paid off those he injured. Hunt telephoned [[Clare Boothe Luce]] about new procedures, consulted Dr. [[Alton Ochsner]] of [[New Orleans]], and contacted or sent his son to [[Duke University]], the [[Menninger Clinic]], and the [[Institute of Living]] in [[Hartford, Connecticut|Hartford]]. One doctor offered an operation. "He said the operation would either be a success or Hassie would never be the same," Kirkpatrick recalled. The prefrontal lobotomy "was performed by a doctor up East" in the late 1940s. The surgeon is not named. The violence stopped. Hassie "did not 'get well,'" needed supervision at all hours, and was placed in an institution in [[New York]] State. Hunt kept an empty office for him next to his own.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
His brother [[Nelson Bunker Hunt|Bunker]] recalled: "I had just gotten out of the navy. I went with my dad to visit Hassie in a hospital in Hartford. We met a doctor there whose son had had a prefrontal lobotomy. That was, at the time, the treatment for schizophrenia." He added: "My father felt that it wasn't a success. Thought it was a bad mistake, later on. He told me that. He said it was a shame that the lobotomy had been done." Another account places the operation at the hospital near Andover.[^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### Return
|
||||
|
||||
In early 1965, at the suggestion of Hunt's second wife, [[Ruth Ray Hunt]], Hassie was brought home to [[Mount Vernon (Dallas)|Mount Vernon]], the family house on [[White Rock Lake]], and lived with nurses in the pool house and later in a neighboring mansion bought by his trust. "The lobotomy had muted Hassie's violence, but it had also left him a middle-aged man with a childlike mentality." He and his father, who looked alike and dressed alike, walked together along the lake. He did not attend the 1978 trial of [[Frania Tye Lee]]'s suit, "because of the mental illness that had prevented him from appearing in public for over thirty years."[^4]
|
||||
In early 1965, at the suggestion of Hunt's second wife, [[Ruth Ray Hunt]], Hassie was brought home to [[Mount Vernon (Dallas)|Mount Vernon]], the family house on [[White Rock Lake]], and lived with nurses in the pool house and later in a neighboring mansion bought by his trust. "The lobotomy had muted Hassie's violence, but it had also left him a middle-aged man with a childlike mentality." He and his father, who looked alike and dressed alike, walked together along the lake. He did not attend the 1978 trial of [[Frania Tye Lee]]'s suit, "because of the mental illness that had prevented him from appearing in public for over thirty years."[^5]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Trusts
|
||||
|
||||
Two trusts and a production company went on drilling in his name throughout his illness, and by the time of his return had built up production worth more than 200 million dollars, more than any of his brothers had found apart from [[Nelson Bunker Hunt]]'s Libyan field. By 1978 the Hassie entities were worth more than 500 million dollars, including 8 percent of [[Placid Oil Company]] and 12 percent of [[Hunt Petroleum]]. The trustees were [[Margaret Hunt Hill]], [[Caroline Rose Hunt|Caroline Hunt Schoellkopf]], [[Al Hill Sr.]], [[William Herbert Hunt|Herbert Hunt]], [[Lamar Hunt]], and the family's financial man John Goodson. "On occasion, such as in their takeover bid for [[Great Western United]], the first family had provided itself with loans from Hassie's trusts." In settling the Lee case the first family obtained from Ruth Hunt's children and from the Lees an undertaking not to challenge Hassie's will.[^5]
|
||||
Two trusts and a production company went on drilling in his name throughout his illness, and by the time of his return had built up production worth more than 200 million dollars, more than any of his brothers had found apart from Nelson Bunker Hunt's Libyan field. By 1978 the Hassie entities were worth more than 500 million dollars, including 8 percent of [[Placid Oil Company]] and 12 percent of [[Hunt Petroleum]]. The trustees were [[Margaret Hunt Hill]], [[Caroline Rose Hunt|Caroline Hunt Schoellkopf]], [[Al Hill Sr.]], [[William Herbert Hunt|Herbert Hunt]], [[Lamar Hunt]], and the family's financial man John Goodson. "On occasion, such as in their takeover bid for [[Great Western United]], the first family had provided itself with loans from Hassie's trusts." In settling the Lee case the first family obtained from Ruth Hunt's children and from the Lees an undertaking not to challenge Hassie's will.[^6]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Hurt, Harry, III. *Texas Rich: The Hunt Dynasty from the Early Oil Days through the Silver Crash*. W.W. Norton, 1981, pp. 47, 124-125, 134-135.
|
||||
[^2]: Hurt, Harry, III. *Texas Rich: The Hunt Dynasty from the Early Oil Days through the Silver Crash*. W.W. Norton, 1981, p. 135.
|
||||
[^3]: Hurt, Harry, III. *Texas Rich: The Hunt Dynasty from the Early Oil Days through the Silver Crash*. W.W. Norton, 1981, pp. 135-137.
|
||||
[^4]: Hurt, Harry, III. *Texas Rich: The Hunt Dynasty from the Early Oil Days through the Silver Crash*. W.W. Norton, 1981, pp. 17, 259-261.
|
||||
[^5]: Hurt, Harry, III. *Texas Rich: The Hunt Dynasty from the Early Oil Days through the Silver Crash*. W.W. Norton, 1981, pp. 260, 391.
|
||||
[^4]: Hill, Margaret Hunt. *H.L. and Lyda*. August House, 1994, p. 227; Tuccille, Jerome. *Kingdom: The Story of the Hunt Family of Texas*. Jameson Books, 1984, p. 218.
|
||||
[^5]: Hurt, Harry, III. *Texas Rich: The Hunt Dynasty from the Early Oil Days through the Silver Crash*. W.W. Norton, 1981, pp. 17, 259-261.
|
||||
[^6]: Hurt, Harry, III. *Texas Rich: The Hunt Dynasty from the Early Oil Days through the Silver Crash*. W.W. Norton, 1981, pp. 260, 391.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ The SRI protocol for Hammid and other subjects involved an outbound experimenter
|
|||
|
||||
### Project Deep Quest
|
||||
|
||||
Hammid participated in [[Project Deep Quest]] in the summer of 1977, a unique experiment testing whether remote viewing could be performed under extreme environmental conditions. The experiment, conducted in the Pacific Ocean near Catalina Island, used the deep-sea research submersible *Taurus I*.
|
||||
Hammid participated in [[Project Deep Quest]] in the summer of 1977, a unique experiment testing whether remote viewing could be performed under extreme environmental conditions. The experiment, conducted in the [[Pacific Ocean]] near Catalina Island, used the deep-sea research submersible *Taurus I*.
|
||||
|
||||
In one part of the experiment, Hammid worked with [[Ingo Swann]] to attempt to identify the locations of previously unidentified seafloor shipwrecks, using maps and dowsing-style intuitive technique. Both subjects independently marked a single location; when the *Taurus I* investigated, the submersible found an uncharted wreck.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
39
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Henry Hecksher.md
Normal file
39
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Henry Hecksher.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Intelligence & Government"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- HenryHecksher
|
||||
- CIA
|
||||
- Chile
|
||||
- ProjectFUBELT
|
||||
- ReneSchneider
|
||||
- EdwardKorry
|
||||
- StationChief
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Felix
|
||||
summary: "CIA station chief in Santiago in 1970 who advised against a coup, was recalled to Langley and told to stop objecting, ran the contacts with Chilean officers, and on instructions deceived his ambassador about them."
|
||||
location: "Santiago, Chile"
|
||||
created: 2026-09-21
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Henry Hecksher was the chief of the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] station in [[Santiago]] during the agency's attempt in the fall of 1970 to keep [[Salvador Allende]] from the presidency of [[Chile]]. His cables were signed "Felix."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Objection
|
||||
|
||||
On September 9, 1970, [[William Broe]], chief of the Western Hemisphere Division, cabled him that "the only prospect with any chance of success whatsoever is a military golpe either before or immediately after Allende's assumption of power." Hecksher answered on September 23: "Forget about black operations and propagandistic conditioning of Armed Forces. They barely read," and warned that the "parameter of action is exceedingly narrow." He later testified in secret to the Senate: "I had left no doubt in the minds of my colleagues and superiors that I did not consider any kind of intervention in those constitutional processes desirable." In late September he was recalled to headquarters and told to cease his objections. On October 7 the head of the task force, [[David Atlee Phillips]], instructed him that the station's cables "should not contain analysis and argumentation but simply report on action taken."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Operation
|
||||
|
||||
With the army attaché, Colonel [[Paul Wimert]], and officers sent in under false nationalities, Hecksher made some two dozen approaches to Chilean military and police officers between late September and late October. The message was that the [[United States]] would cut off military aid unless they moved. On October 8 he and a senior officer of the [[Carabineros de Chile|Carabineros]] went over the "available means to remove" the army commander, General [[Rene Schneider|René Schneider]]. "Abduction attempt might lead to bloodshed," they concluded, and "Schneider's accidental death would rally army firmly behind flag of constitutionalism." He told a police official that "the U.S.G. did not really care as long as resulting chaos denied Allende the presidency." Broe and Phillips asked him: "anything we or Station can do to effect the removal of Schneider? We know this [is a] rhetorical question but want to inspire thought on both ends on this matter."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Ambassador [[Edward Korry]], who had not been told of the operation, learned of coup plotting from his own sources and ordered Hecksher and Wimert to keep away from the Chilean military. "I am appalled to discover that there is liaison for coup plotting," he cabled [[Henry A. Kissinger|Henry Kissinger]]. When Hecksher proposed using Korry to carry a message to President [[Eduardo Frei Montalva|Frei]], headquarters replied that this "would be tantamount to having Korry act as unwitting agent in implementing [[Project FUBELT|Track II]] of which he is not aware and is not to be made aware." Broe and Phillips ordered him "not, repeat not," to tell Wimert or Korry of the "impending coup," and "should it occur, COS Hecksher should appear surprised and stonewall any and all queries."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Schneider was shot on October 22. Headquarters cabled: "The Station has done excellent job of guiding Chileans to point today where a military solution is at least an option for them. COS [and others involved] are commended." Korry asked Hecksher directly whether the agency had been "engaged in activities of any kind" that would support charges that Wimert was involved. Hecksher "replied that 'charges could obviously be made. Since Station not involved, COS doubted that charges could be substantiated.'" He and Wimert drove seventy miles to [[Viña del Mar]] and threw the submachine guns into the [[Pacific Ocean]]. In December 1970 he was recalled to Langley to plan work with elements of the [[Christian Democratic Party (Chile)|Christian Democratic Party]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Wimert recalled that when [[Augusto Pinochet]], then at the military college, wanted a geography of Chile printed, "we went to CIA old Henry Hecksler and he just had 100 copies made."[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Kornbluh, Peter. *The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and Accountability*. New Press, 2003, pp. 10, 15, 20, 22, 24, 29, 30, 33, 89, and notes at pp. 510-512.
|
||||
[^2]: "Interview with Paul Wimert," *Cold War,* episode 18, Cable News Network, transcript at the National Security Archive. https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/coldwar/interviews/episode-18/wimert2.html
|
||||
|
|
@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Donovan gave Murray and a distinguished group of colleagues only 15 days before
|
|||
|
||||
### Wartime Results
|
||||
|
||||
More than 30 years after the war, Murray remained modest in his claims for the assessment system, saying that it was only an aid in weeding out the "horrors" among OSS candidates. Nevertheless, the secret agency's leaders believed in its results, and Murray's system became a fixture in the OSS, testing Americans and foreign agents alike. Some of Murray's young behavioral scientists went on to become prominent in public affairs, including [[John Gardner]], a psychologist teaching at [[Mount Holyoke College]] who helped Murray set up the original program, went on to open the West Coast OSS assessment site at a converted beach club in [[San Juan Capistrano]], and would later become Secretary of HEW in the [[Lyndon Johnson|Johnson]] administration and founder of [[Common Cause]].[^1]
|
||||
More than 30 years after the war, Murray remained modest in his claims for the assessment system, saying that it was only an aid in weeding out the "horrors" among OSS candidates. Nevertheless, the secret agency's leaders believed in its results, and Murray's system became a fixture in the OSS, testing Americans and foreign agents alike. Some of Murray's young behavioral scientists went on to become prominent in public affairs, including [[John Gardner]], a psychologist teaching at [[Mount Holyoke College]] who helped Murray set up the original program, went on to open the West Coast OSS assessment site at a converted beach club in [[San Juan Capistrano]], and would later become Secretary of HEW in the [[Lyndon B. Johnson|Johnson]] administration and founder of [[Common Cause]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Postwar Influence
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags:
|
|||
summary: "House Subcommittee on Energy specialist who spent nearly fifteen years promoting intelligence claims about Israeli nuclear diversion via NUMEC."
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Henry R. Myers was a specialist on energy issues for the House Subcommittee on Energy. He, along with [[Peter D. Stockton]], spent nearly fifteen years relaying the suspicions of [[Carl E. Duckett]] and [[John L. Hadden]] to journalists as the views of knowledgeable intelligence sources, leading many reporters to publish these beliefs as "facts." Myers believed that [[Nuclear Materials and Equipment Corporation|NUMEC]] had been set up solely for the diversion of uranium, and alleged reports of a secure telephone or teletype between NUMEC and the Israeli embassy. He also claimed that [[Richard M. Helms]] believed [[Zalman Mordecai Shapiro]] was the head of a group collecting information for [[Israel]].[^1]
|
||||
Henry R. Myers was a specialist on energy issues for the House Subcommittee on Energy. He, along with [[Peter D. Stockton]], spent nearly fifteen years relaying the suspicions of [[Carl E. Duckett]] and [[John L. Hadden]] to journalists as the views of knowledgeable intelligence sources, leading many reporters to publish these beliefs as "facts." Myers believed that [[Nuclear Materials and Equipment Corporation|NUMEC]] had been set up solely for the diversion of uranium, and alleged reports of a secure telephone or teletype between NUMEC and the Israeli embassy. He also claimed that [[Richard Helms|Richard M. Helms]] believed [[Zalman Mordecai Shapiro]] was the head of a group collecting information for [[Israel]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ Hunt was assigned to Operation PBSUCCESS in 1953-1954 as chief of political acti
|
|||
|
||||
Hunt also managed the political exile leadership, working to maintain cohesion among the Guatemalan exile groups that would form the successor government. The experience gave Hunt a model he would attempt to apply in Cuba seven years later.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
[[David Atlee Phillips]], who worked under Hunt on the Guatemalan operation, found him "friendly, anxious to help me, and considerate," with credentials that "seemed impeccable: Brown University, O.S.S. in China, a successful and prolific writer," and "unusually conservative for a CIA officer." A colleague advised him: "Listen to the music when he sings, but don't pay any attention to his lyrics." Hunt described to him the suicide of the father of President Jacobo Arbenz, who had filled his mouth with water before firing a pistol into it: "Like a bomb. It's the water that does it. Really effective. Whole head is blown off."[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Bay of Pigs
|
||||
|
||||
Hunt was assigned as the CIA's political officer for the Bay of Pigs invasion, responsible for the Cuban Revolutionary Council - the exile political organization that would form a provisional government after the expected overthrow of [[Fidel Castro]]. He worked with the exile leadership in [[Miami]] and later in [[New York]], managing their political expectations and organizational disputes.
|
||||
|
|
@ -47,14 +49,14 @@ Hunt was assigned as the CIA's political officer for the Bay of Pigs invasion, r
|
|||
The Bay of Pigs was a catastrophic failure, and Hunt's political operation collapsed along with the military operation. The exile political leadership was not told the operation was under way until it had already failed, and Hunt's management of their expectations was blamed by exile leaders for contributing to the political disorder. His role in the operation was not publicly acknowledged.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Domestic Operations Division
|
||||
A CIA security memorandum of 1972 gives Hunt's periods of overt employment as November 1949 to December 1950, November 1953 to January 1954, October 1956 to January 1957, and July 1960 to September 1966. His assistant [[Elizabeth McIntosh]] recorded in 1973 that when she returned from an overseas post "[[Tracy Barnes]] was setting up the [[Domestic Operations Division]] and Mr. Hunt was assigned Chief" of its covert action section, that she worked for him for three years, and that after his tour in [[Spain]] he came back as chief of covert action for the Europe division. [[Thomas Karamessines]] later distinguished for Senate investigators between the division's concept before and after his own appointment as deputy director for plans.[^2]
|
||||
A CIA security memorandum of 1972 gives Hunt's periods of overt employment as November 1949 to December 1950, November 1953 to January 1954, October 1956 to January 1957, and July 1960 to September 1966. His assistant [[Elizabeth McIntosh]] recorded in 1973 that when she returned from an overseas post "[[Tracy Barnes]] was setting up the [[Domestic Operations Division]] and Mr. Hunt was assigned Chief" of its covert action section, that she worked for him for three years, and that after his tour in [[Spain]] he came back as chief of covert action for the Europe division. [[Thomas Karamessines]] later distinguished for Senate investigators between the division's concept before and after his own appointment as deputy director for plans.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
The Philadelphia filmmaker [[R.C. Horsch]] said in a recorded interview published in 2026 that between 1961 and 1965 he tapped telephones and committed burglaries as a freelance for the [[Wackenhut Corporation]], and that a regular client introduced as "Mr. Smith" was Hunt. The CIA had granted [[George R. Wackenhut|George Wackenhut]] a covert security approval on November 21, 1961.[^3]
|
||||
The Philadelphia filmmaker [[R.C. Horsch]] said in a recorded interview published in 2026 that between 1961 and 1965 he tapped telephones and committed burglaries as a freelance for the [[Wackenhut Corporation]], and that a regular client introduced as "Mr. Smith" was Hunt. The CIA had granted [[George R. Wackenhut|George Wackenhut]] a covert security approval on November 21, 1961.[^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Mullen Company and ITT
|
||||
Hunt retired on April 30, 1970, and went to work for the [[Robert R. Mullen Company]], a Washington public relations firm that had given cover to agency officers abroad since 1963. The agency's retirement office arranged the introduction and Director [[Richard Helms]] wrote a recommendation. Mullen told him of the cover arrangement without authorization, and the [[Central Cover Staff]] had him cleared as witting in June 1970. He told the staff in July 1971 that he had been assigned to the [[White House]].[^4]
|
||||
Hunt retired on April 30, 1970, and went to work for the [[Robert R. Mullen Company]], a Washington public relations firm that had given cover to agency officers abroad since 1963. The agency's retirement office arranged the introduction and Director [[Richard Helms]] wrote a recommendation. Mullen told him of the cover arrangement without authorization, and the [[Central Cover Staff]] had him cleared as witting in June 1970. He told the staff in July 1971 that he had been assigned to the [[White House]].[^5]
|
||||
|
||||
In March 1972, at the direction of [[Charles Colson]], he flew to [[Denver]] in a wig and with alias documents supplied by the agency to question the [[ITT Corporation|ITT]] lobbyist [[Dita Beard]] in her hospital room. The House subcommittee that examined the agency's part in Watergate listed the visit among the misuses of its assistance. On July 26, 1973, the Watergate special prosecutor's office asked the agency whether it knew of "any intelligence or undercover activities performed by Howard Hunt and/or [[G. Gordon Liddy|Gordon Liddy]] for ITT," of arrangements between ITT and the Mullen firm, or of any employment of the ITT publicist [[Hal Hendrix]]. The released reply addresses only the Mullen firm and an ITT office in [[Coral Gables, Florida|Coral Gables]].[^5]
|
||||
In March 1972, at the direction of [[Charles Colson]], he flew to [[Denver]] in a wig and with alias documents supplied by the agency to question the [[ITT Corporation|ITT]] lobbyist [[Dita Beard]] in her hospital room. The House subcommittee that examined the agency's part in Watergate listed the visit among the misuses of its assistance. On July 26, 1973, the Watergate special prosecutor's office asked the agency whether it knew of "any intelligence or undercover activities performed by Howard Hunt and/or [[G. Gordon Liddy|Gordon Liddy]] for ITT," of arrangements between ITT and the Mullen firm, or of any employment of the ITT publicist [[Hal Hendrix]]. The released reply addresses only the Mullen firm and an ITT office in [[Coral Gables, Florida|Coral Gables]].[^6]
|
||||
|
||||
### Watergate
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -62,7 +64,7 @@ By 1971, Hunt had been nominally retired from the CIA and was working as a consu
|
|||
|
||||
On the night of June 17, 1972, Hunt organized and directed the team that broke into the [[Democratic National Committee]] headquarters at the [[Watergate complex]] in Washington - the burglary that produced five arrests, triggered the Senate investigation and Special Prosecutor investigation, and ultimately led to Nixon's resignation in August 1974.
|
||||
|
||||
Hunt was convicted of conspiracy, burglary, and wiretapping and sentenced to 35 years, subsequently reduced. He served approximately 33 months in federal prison. His wife Dorothy died in a plane crash in December 1972, with some researchers suggesting the crash was not accidental; the official ruling was that it was an accident.[^6]
|
||||
Hunt was convicted of conspiracy, burglary, and wiretapping and sentenced to 35 years, subsequently reduced. He served approximately 33 months in federal prison. His wife Dorothy died in a plane crash in December 1972, with some researchers suggesting the crash was not accidental; the official ruling was that it was an accident.[^7]
|
||||
|
||||
### Kennedy Assassination Statements
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -75,8 +77,9 @@ Hunt died of pneumonia on January 23, 2007, in [[Miami, Florida|Miami]].[^1]
|
|||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Hunt, E. Howard. *American Spy: My Secret History in the CIA, Watergate, and Beyond.* Wiley, 2007. Thomas, Evan. *The Very Best Men: Four Who Dared: The Early Years of the CIA.* Simon & Schuster, 1995.
|
||||
[^2]: McIntosh, Elizabeth, memorandum for the record, May 25, 1973, CIA Reading Room document C00609301; Central Cover Staff, "CIA Utilization of the Robert R. Mullen Company," June 20, 1972, C00573275; "Select Committee Testimony of 5 February 1974," C01474422.
|
||||
[^3]: West, Ashley. "Unknowing Ray Horsch, Episode 1: Youth," *The Rialto Report,* Podcast 171, September 13, 2026, audio at 18:34 to 22:49; Central Intelligence Agency, "Wackenhut Corporation, SF# 493 364," memorandum for the record, July 28, 1975, JFK Assassination Records Collection, record 104-10130-10454.
|
||||
[^4]: "E. Howard Hunt: Utilization by Central Cover Staff," 1970, CIA Reading Room document C00660613; Gahagen, Robert D., "Request for CSA concerning E. Howard Hunt," June 3, 1970, C00297384; "Letter of Recommendation Written by Mr. Helms," July 20, 1973, C00609297.
|
||||
[^5]: House Committee on Armed Services, Special Subcommittee on Intelligence, *Inquiry into the Alleged Involvement of the Central Intelligence Agency in the Watergate and Ellsberg Matters,* 93rd Cong., 1973; Ruth, Henry S., Jr., letter to John S. Warner, July 26, 1973, C01482382; "Inquiry Regarding Possible ITT Association with CIA and Robert R. Mullen and Company," August 7, 1973, C01367838.
|
||||
[^6]: Summers, Anthony. *The Arrogance of Power: The Secret World of Richard Nixon.* Viking, 2000. Hougan, Jim. *Secret Agenda: Watergate, Deep Throat, and the CIA.* Random House, 1984.
|
||||
[^2]: Phillips, David Atlee. *The Night Watch: 25 Years of Peculiar Service*. Atheneum, 1977, pp. 35-38.
|
||||
[^3]: McIntosh, Elizabeth, memorandum for the record, May 25, 1973, CIA Reading Room document C00609301; Central Cover Staff, "CIA Utilization of the Robert R. Mullen Company," June 20, 1972, C00573275; "Select Committee Testimony of 5 February 1974," C01474422.
|
||||
[^4]: West, Ashley. "Unknowing Ray Horsch, Episode 1: Youth," *The Rialto Report,* Podcast 171, September 13, 2026, audio at 18:34 to 22:49; Central Intelligence Agency, "Wackenhut Corporation, SF# 493 364," memorandum for the record, July 28, 1975, JFK Assassination Records Collection, record 104-10130-10454.
|
||||
[^5]: "E. Howard Hunt: Utilization by Central Cover Staff," 1970, CIA Reading Room document C00660613; Gahagen, Robert D., "Request for CSA concerning E. Howard Hunt," June 3, 1970, C00297384; "Letter of Recommendation Written by Mr. Helms," July 20, 1973, C00609297.
|
||||
[^6]: House Committee on Armed Services, Special Subcommittee on Intelligence, *Inquiry into the Alleged Involvement of the Central Intelligence Agency in the Watergate and Ellsberg Matters,* 93rd Cong., 1973; Ruth, Henry S., Jr., letter to John S. Warner, July 26, 1973, C01482382; "Inquiry Regarding Possible ITT Association with CIA and Robert R. Mullen and Company," August 7, 1973, C01367838.
|
||||
[^7]: Summers, Anthony. *The Arrogance of Power: The Secret World of Richard Nixon.* Viking, 2000. Hougan, Jim. *Secret Agenda: Watergate, Deep Throat, and the CIA.* Random House, 1984.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
47
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Hussein Kamel.md
Normal file
47
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Hussein Kamel.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Intelligence & Government"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- HusseinKamel
|
||||
- Iraq
|
||||
- SaddamHussein
|
||||
- MilitaryIndustrialization
|
||||
- BNLScandal
|
||||
- UNSCOM
|
||||
- WeaponsOfMassDestruction
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Hussein Kamel al-Majid
|
||||
- Hussein Kamil
|
||||
- Hussein Kamel Hassan
|
||||
summary: "Son-in-law of Saddam Hussein who ran Iraq's military industries and their Western procurement network, went unindicted in the BNL case, defected in 1995, and told United Nations inspectors that all the weapons had been destroyed."
|
||||
died: 1996-02-23
|
||||
location: "Baghdad, Iraq"
|
||||
created: 2026-09-21
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Hussein Kamel al-Majid was a son-in-law of [[Saddam Hussein]] and the head of [[Iraq]]'s [[Ministry of Industry and Military Industrialization]], which directed its missile, chemical, biological, and nuclear programs in the 1980s.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Procurement
|
||||
|
||||
The ministry bought machine tools and technology in Europe and the [[United States]] through a network of front companies run from [[London]] by [[Safa al-Habobi]], whom Representative [[Henry B. Gonzalez]] described as "one of Hussein Kamil's former [[Special Security Organization (Iraq)|Secret Security Organization]] cronies." Its holding company, the [[Technology Development Group]], bought the British toolmaker [[Matrix Churchill]] in 1987. The purchases were financed by the [[Atlanta]] branch of the [[Banca Nazionale del Lavoro]]. When the branch manager, [[Christopher Drogoul]], was indicted on February 28, 1991, with al-Habobi and three other Iraqi officials, Kamel and the Jordanian trader [[Wafai Dajani]] were named as co-conspirators and not charged.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Kamel held the nominal rank of lieutenant. "After Saddam Hussein himself, Hussein Kamel was regarded as the most powerful man in Iraq," and "the word was that Saddam trusted Hussein Kamel more than his own son." He controlled the [[Al-Arabi Trading Company]] of Baghdad, the owner of the London holding companies, which had a partnership with [[Gerald Bull]]'s [[Space Research Corporation]] and paid for Bull's purchases with the Atlanta loans. The head of the chemical industry and of the missile and chemical weapons programs, Lieutenant General [[Amir al-Saadi]], reported to him. In 1989 he received Drogoul in Baghdad, "offering him pomegranate juice and his gratitude for all that BNL was doing." When the [[Financial Times]] began printing articles on the bank he reprimanded the British ambassador.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Defection
|
||||
|
||||
On the night of August 7, 1995, Kamel drove to [[Jordan]] with his brother Colonel [[Saddam Kamel]] and crates of documents. On August 20 the Iraqi government handed the [[United Nations Special Commission]] a store of papers, said to have been found on Kamel's chicken farm, that showed a crash program to build a nuclear weapon. On August 22 he was questioned in [[Amman]] by the commission's chairman, [[Rolf Ekeus]], with Maurizio Zifferero of the [[International Atomic Energy Agency]] and Nikita Smidovich. The record of the interview, marked sensitive, was not published.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
"I ordered destruction of all chemical weapons," he told them. "All weapons, biological, chemical, missile, nuclear were destroyed." Asked by Smidovich whether weapons and agents had been destroyed, he said: "nothing remained." The destruction had followed the inspectors' visits: "You have important role in Iraq with this. You should not underestimate yourself. You are very effective in Iraq." Of the missiles: "not a single missile left but they had blueprints and molds for production." Of the nerve agent VX: "they put it in bombs during last days of the Iran-Iraq war. They were not used and the programme was terminated." He said of the government: "I can state publicly I will work against the regime."[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
He returned to [[Baghdad]] with his brother in February 1996 and both were killed on February 23.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### 2002 and 2003
|
||||
|
||||
Vice President [[Dick Cheney]] said on August 26, 2002, that Kamel's case "should serve as a reminder to all that we often learned more as the result of defections than we learned from the inspection regime itself." President [[George W. Bush]] said on October 7 that the defection had forced Iraq to admit producing more than 30,000 liters of anthrax. Secretary of State [[Colin Powell]] cited it before the [[United Nations Security Council|Security Council]] on February 5, 2003, as the source of Iraq's admission of four tons of VX, and Prime Minister [[Tony Blair]] cited it in the [[House of Commons]] on February 25. The transcript of the Amman interview was obtained by [[Glen Rangwala]] of [[Cambridge University]] and reported by [[Newsweek]] in its issue of March 3.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Gonzalez, Henry B. Floor statement of August 10, 1992, *Congressional Record,* House; "Government's Response to Defense Motions for List of Unindicted Co-Conspirators," United States v. Drogoul, No. 1:91-CR-078 (N.D. Ga. September 12, 1991), reproduced in House Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs, Serial No. 103-95.
|
||||
[^2]: Friedman, Alan. *Spider's Web: The Secret History of How the White House Illegally Armed Iraq*. Bantam, 1993, pp. 9, 114-117, 158.
|
||||
[^3]: Rangwala, Glen. "The interview with Hussein Kamel," briefing of February 2003, quoting the United Nations Special Commission and International Atomic Energy Agency note of the meeting of August 22, 1995, by page; Barry, John. "Exclusive: The Defector's Secrets," *Newsweek,* March 3, 2003.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,53 +1,53 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
---
|
||||
category: "AI & Effective Altruism"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- IgorKurganov
|
||||
- ElonMusk
|
||||
- Russia
|
||||
- FBI
|
||||
- ForeignInterference
|
||||
- Philanthropy
|
||||
- Counterintelligence
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Igor Kurganov
|
||||
summary: "Igor Kurganov is a Russian-born former professional poker player who gained operational influence over Elon Musk's charitable giving during the COVID-19 pandemic, slept in Musk's Austin home, and was the subject of FBI preliminary inquiries into foreign interference before being removed from Musk's inner circle by wealth manager Jared Birchall in May 2022."
|
||||
location: "Russia (born); Austin, Texas (Musk period)"
|
||||
created: 2026-06-18
|
||||
updated: 2026-06-18
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Igor Kurganov is a Russian-born former professional poker player who gained operational influence over [[Elon Musk|Elon Musk]]'s charitable giving during the COVID-19 pandemic. Kurganov was sleeping in Musk's [[Austin, Texas|Austin]] home during the pandemic period, advising Musk on philanthropic strategy, and became the subject of FBI preliminary inquiries into whether his access constituted a foreign-interference channel. [[Jared Birchall|Jared Birchall]], Musk's wealth manager and the head of Musk's family office, confronted Musk and removed Kurganov from the inner circle in May 2022.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Poker Career and the Musk Access
|
||||
|
||||
Kurganov built a public profile as a high-stakes professional poker player, accumulating over 18 million dollars in live tournament winnings across a career that placed him among the top German and Russian tournament players. His poker network overlaps with the high-roller gambling circuit whose principals move across national borders and whose venues (Macau, Las Vegas, Monte Carlo, the online high-stakes sites) are documented intelligence-collection environments.[^1][^2]
|
||||
|
||||
The documented path to Musk ran through Kurganov's effective-altruism and philanthropic-strategy work. Kurganov entered Musk's circle during the pandemic period and gained influence over Musk's charitable giving, which had become a substantial operation as Musk's wealth grew through the [[Tesla|Tesla]] stock run-up and the [[SpaceX|SpaceX]] private valuations. Kurganov's access included sleeping in Musk's Austin home, placing him inside Musk's residential security perimeter rather than at arm's length as a professional advisor.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The FBI Preliminary Inquiry
|
||||
|
||||
The FBI's Los Angeles field office opened preliminary inquiries into whether Kurganov's access to Musk constituted a foreign-interference channel, per *The Guardian*'s reporting on the disclosures of former FBI agent [[Jonathan Buma]]. The inquiry ran under the counterintelligence portfolio that handles Russian foreign-influence operations targeting U.S. technology principals. Buma described the broader pattern of Russian targeting of Musk as "intense," and the [[Kyiv Post|Kyiv Post]] / [[ZDF|ZDF]] reporting on Buma's interview characterized the operation as [[GRU|GRU]]-run and Putin-approved, exploiting vulnerabilities including drug use, sexual entrapment, and luxury access.[^1][^3]
|
||||
|
||||
The question of what Kurganov did with the access during the period he had it (advising on philanthropic strategy, residential access, proximity to Musk's decision-making on charitable and potentially other matters) is not fully resolved in the public record. The FBI inquiry was preliminary, meaning it was an assessment-stage investigation to determine whether full counterintelligence investigation was warranted.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Birchall Removal (May 2022)
|
||||
|
||||
Jared Birchall is the wealth manager who runs Musk's family office and who functions as Musk's gatekeeper on financial and security matters. *The Guardian* reported that Birchall confronted Musk about Kurganov's access and removed Kurganov from the inner circle in May 2022.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
What Kurganov did with his access during the period he had it, what he took with him when he was removed, and whether the access produced intelligence value for any Russian service are not documented in the public record.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Broader Targeting Pattern
|
||||
|
||||
Buma disclosed that the Kurganov case was one of multiple Russian targeting efforts directed at Musk and at [[Peter Thiel|Thiel]]. The [[The Guardian|Guardian]] reported Buma's May 2025 interview in which he characterized the efforts as "intense," and the Kyiv Post reporting on Buma's ZDF interview described the operation as GRU-run, Putin-approved, and exploiting vulnerabilities including drug use, sexual entrapment, and luxury access.[^1][^4]
|
||||
|
||||
The Buma handling of Thiel as an FBI CHS from summer 2021 overlaps chronologically with the Kurganov-Musk access period (2020-2022). Buma told the Guardian he briefed Thiel on "what a targeting looks like" and that Thiel provided "helpful information to help us identify the nodes through which these outreaches have occurred." The overlap means the FBI's counterintelligence handling of the Thiel CHS relationship and the FBI's preliminary inquiry into Kurganov's access to Musk ran in the same Los Angeles field office during the same period.[^1][^4]
|
||||
|
||||
The [[Wall Street Journal|Wall Street Journal]] reported on October 25, 2024 that Musk had been in regular contact with [[Vladimir Putin|Putin]] since late 2022, after [[Starlink|Starlink]] became operationally significant in the Russia-Ukraine war. The Putin contact channel, the Buma-documented GRU targeting, the Kurganov infiltration, and the [[NLRB Data Exfiltration|NLRB data exfiltration]] with Russian IP access through [[Department of Government Efficiency|DOGE]] together form the evidentiary set on the Russian-influence question around the PayPal Mafia principals.[^1][^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: "FBI whistleblower claims he tried to get to Musk to warn him he was being targeted by Russia." *The Guardian,* May 22, 2025. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2025/may/22/fbi-whistleblower-musk-russia
|
||||
[^2]: For Kurganov's poker career earnings and ranking, see the [[Hendon Mob|Hendon Mob]] poker database and the live-tournament record.
|
||||
[^3]: "Russian Intelligence Used Sex, Drugs to Target Elon Musk." *Kyiv Post,* 2025. https://www.kyivpost.com/post/52742
|
||||
[^4]: Schwartz, Mattathias. "Exclusive: Tech billionaire Peter Thiel was an FBI informant." *Business Insider,* October 2023, on Thiel providing information to FBI agent Johnathan Buma as a confidential human source codenamed "Philosopher" beginning summer 2021, focused on foreign-influence approaches. https://www.businessinsider.com/peter-thiel-fbi-informant-2023-10
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- IgorKurganov
|
||||
- ElonMusk
|
||||
- Russia
|
||||
- FBI
|
||||
- ForeignInterference
|
||||
- Philanthropy
|
||||
- Counterintelligence
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Igor Kurganov
|
||||
summary: "Igor Kurganov is a Russian-born former professional poker player who gained operational influence over Elon Musk's charitable giving during the COVID-19 pandemic, slept in Musk's Austin home, and was the subject of FBI preliminary inquiries into foreign interference before being removed from Musk's inner circle by wealth manager Jared Birchall in May 2022."
|
||||
location: "Russia (born); Austin, Texas (Musk period)"
|
||||
created: 2026-06-18
|
||||
updated: 2026-06-18
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Igor Kurganov is a Russian-born former professional poker player who gained operational influence over [[Elon Musk|Elon Musk]]'s charitable giving during the COVID-19 pandemic. Kurganov was sleeping in Musk's [[Austin, Texas|Austin]] home during the pandemic period, advising Musk on philanthropic strategy, and became the subject of FBI preliminary inquiries into whether his access constituted a foreign-interference channel. [[Jared Birchall|Jared Birchall]], Musk's wealth manager and the head of Musk's family office, confronted Musk and removed Kurganov from the inner circle in May 2022.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Poker Career and the Musk Access
|
||||
|
||||
Kurganov built a public profile as a high-stakes professional poker player, accumulating over 18 million dollars in live tournament winnings across a career that placed him among the top German and Russian tournament players. His poker network overlaps with the high-roller gambling circuit whose principals move across national borders and whose venues (Macau, [[Las Vegas]], Monte Carlo, the online high-stakes sites) are documented intelligence-collection environments.[^1][^2]
|
||||
|
||||
The documented path to Musk ran through Kurganov's effective-altruism and philanthropic-strategy work. Kurganov entered Musk's circle during the pandemic period and gained influence over Musk's charitable giving, which had become a substantial operation as Musk's wealth grew through the [[Tesla|Tesla]] stock run-up and the [[SpaceX|SpaceX]] private valuations. Kurganov's access included sleeping in Musk's Austin home, placing him inside Musk's residential security perimeter rather than at arm's length as a professional advisor.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The FBI Preliminary Inquiry
|
||||
|
||||
The FBI's Los Angeles field office opened preliminary inquiries into whether Kurganov's access to Musk constituted a foreign-interference channel, per *The Guardian*'s reporting on the disclosures of former FBI agent [[Jonathan Buma]]. The inquiry ran under the counterintelligence portfolio that handles Russian foreign-influence operations targeting U.S. technology principals. Buma described the broader pattern of Russian targeting of Musk as "intense," and the [[Kyiv Post|Kyiv Post]] / [[ZDF|ZDF]] reporting on Buma's interview characterized the operation as [[GRU|GRU]]-run and Putin-approved, exploiting vulnerabilities including drug use, sexual entrapment, and luxury access.[^1][^3]
|
||||
|
||||
The question of what Kurganov did with the access during the period he had it (advising on philanthropic strategy, residential access, proximity to Musk's decision-making on charitable and potentially other matters) is not fully resolved in the public record. The FBI inquiry was preliminary, meaning it was an assessment-stage investigation to determine whether full counterintelligence investigation was warranted.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Birchall Removal (May 2022)
|
||||
|
||||
Jared Birchall is the wealth manager who runs Musk's family office and who functions as Musk's gatekeeper on financial and security matters. *The Guardian* reported that Birchall confronted Musk about Kurganov's access and removed Kurganov from the inner circle in May 2022.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
What Kurganov did with his access during the period he had it, what he took with him when he was removed, and whether the access produced intelligence value for any Russian service are not documented in the public record.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Broader Targeting Pattern
|
||||
|
||||
Buma disclosed that the Kurganov case was one of multiple Russian targeting efforts directed at Musk and at [[Peter Thiel|Thiel]]. The [[The Guardian|Guardian]] reported Buma's May 2025 interview in which he characterized the efforts as "intense," and the Kyiv Post reporting on Buma's ZDF interview described the operation as GRU-run, Putin-approved, and exploiting vulnerabilities including drug use, sexual entrapment, and luxury access.[^1][^4]
|
||||
|
||||
The Buma handling of Thiel as an FBI CHS from summer 2021 overlaps chronologically with the Kurganov-Musk access period (2020-2022). Buma told the Guardian he briefed Thiel on "what a targeting looks like" and that Thiel provided "helpful information to help us identify the nodes through which these outreaches have occurred." The overlap means the FBI's counterintelligence handling of the Thiel CHS relationship and the FBI's preliminary inquiry into Kurganov's access to Musk ran in the same Los Angeles field office during the same period.[^1][^4]
|
||||
|
||||
The [[Wall Street Journal|Wall Street Journal]] reported on October 25, 2024 that Musk had been in regular contact with [[Vladimir Putin|Putin]] since late 2022, after [[Starlink|Starlink]] became operationally significant in the Russia-Ukraine war. The Putin contact channel, the Buma-documented GRU targeting, the Kurganov infiltration, and the [[NLRB Data Exfiltration|NLRB data exfiltration]] with Russian IP access through [[Department of Government Efficiency|DOGE]] together form the evidentiary set on the Russian-influence question around the PayPal Mafia principals.[^1][^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: "FBI whistleblower claims he tried to get to Musk to warn him he was being targeted by Russia." *The Guardian,* May 22, 2025. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2025/may/22/fbi-whistleblower-musk-russia
|
||||
[^2]: For Kurganov's poker career earnings and ranking, see the [[Hendon Mob|Hendon Mob]] poker database and the live-tournament record.
|
||||
[^3]: "Russian Intelligence Used Sex, Drugs to Target Elon Musk." *Kyiv Post,* 2025. https://www.kyivpost.com/post/52742
|
||||
[^4]: Schwartz, Mattathias. "Exclusive: Tech billionaire Peter Thiel was an FBI informant." *Business Insider,* October 2023, on Thiel providing information to FBI agent Johnathan Buma as a confidential human source codenamed "Philosopher" beginning summer 2021, focused on foreign-influence approaches. https://www.businessinsider.com/peter-thiel-fbi-informant-2023-10
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Hoover was a frequent visitor to the Hotel Del Charro in La Jolla, California, a
|
|||
|
||||
### NUMEC Investigation and CIA Conflicts
|
||||
|
||||
In October 1965, the [[Atomic Energy Commission|AEC]] referred the [[Nuclear Materials and Equipment Corporation|NUMEC]] losses to the FBI. However, Hoover saw no basis for an investigation, concluding that the situation was an administrative matter. He was in the midst of a bitter dispute with [[James Jesus Angleton]]'s counterintelligence shop over the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s handling of defectors and illegal spying inside the [[United States]]. Hoover chose to spar with [[Richard M. Helms|Helms]] over the [[Zalman Mordecai Shapiro|Shapiro]] issue, telling the CIA to go to [[Israel]] and get inside [[Dimona]] to find evidence of the alleged uranium diversion.[^2]
|
||||
In October 1965, the [[Atomic Energy Commission|AEC]] referred the [[Nuclear Materials and Equipment Corporation|NUMEC]] losses to the FBI. However, Hoover saw no basis for an investigation, concluding that the situation was an administrative matter. He was in the midst of a bitter dispute with [[James Jesus Angleton]]'s counterintelligence shop over the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s handling of defectors and illegal spying inside the [[United States]]. Hoover chose to spar with [[Richard Helms|Helms]] over the [[Zalman Mordecai Shapiro|Shapiro]] issue, telling the CIA to go to [[Israel]] and get inside [[Dimona]] to find evidence of the alleged uranium diversion.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ King died January 27, 1977, in Washington, D.C. He was buried with his third wif
|
|||
[^8]: Spartacus Educational, "Joseph Caldwell King"; Colby and Dennett, Ch. 23.
|
||||
[^9]: CIA Cable, "Instructions to Arrange Accident," TOP SECRET RYBAT OPERATIONAL IMMEDIATE, July 21, 1960, co-signed Tracy Barnes and J.C. King. In National Security Archive, NSAEBB No. 757, "CIA Assassination Plot Targeted Cuba's Raul Castro," April 16, 2021. nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/cuba/2021-04-16/documents-cia-assassination-plot-targeted-raul-castro.
|
||||
[^10]: Ibid., citing Esterline statement.
|
||||
[^11]: National Security Archive, "Cuba: The Bay of Pigs Invasion 65 Years Later," April 16, 2026, describing CIA Task Force meeting March 9, 1960. nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/cuba-cuban-missile-crisis/2026-04-16/cuba-bay-pigs-invasion-65-years-later.
|
||||
[^11]: National Security Archive, "Cuba: The [[Bay of Pigs Invasion]] 65 Years Later," April 16, 2026, describing CIA Task Force meeting March 9, 1960. nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/cuba-cuban-missile-crisis/2026-04-16/cuba-bay-pigs-invasion-65-years-later.
|
||||
[^12]: FRUS 1961-63, Vol. X, Document 174, Memorandum for the Record, "Second Meeting of the Green Study Group," April 24, 1961. history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1961-63v10/d174.
|
||||
[^13]: On Operation 40 post-Bay of Pigs wind-down: Church Committee, *Interim Report*, pp. 74-84. On JMWAVE station: NSA Electronic Briefing Book No. 355, "The CIA and the Cuban Missile Crisis," October 4, 2012, nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB355/.
|
||||
[^14]: National Security Archive, NSAEBB No. 434, "CIA Covert Operations: The 1964 Overthrow of Cheddi Jagan in British Guiana," April 6, 2020. nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/intelligence/2020-04-06/cia-covert-operations-overthrow-cheddi-jagan-british-guiana-1964.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ After years of failed attempts to find a publisher, [[Michael J. Moynihan]] form
|
|||
|
||||
The book's second life began in 2015, when [[Iron March]] members began promoting it aggressively. The forum's global neo-Nazi and neo-fascist membership proved receptive in ways that the American white nationalist movement of the 1990s had not been. [[Brandon Russell]] announced [[Atomwaffen Division]] on Iron March in October 2015, and the new organization adopted *Siege* as its ideological foundation. AWD's activities, aesthetics, and strategic orientation all drew directly on Mason's writings.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
Mason was personally drawn into the AWD orbit. He attended the [[2019 AWD Nuclear Congress]] in Las Vegas, AWD's internal leadership gathering organized by [[Joshua Caleb Sutter]] of [[Tempel ov Blood]], delivering speeches calling for murder and lone-wolf attacks and making his first documented in-person appearance with the organization.[^3]
|
||||
Mason was personally drawn into the AWD orbit. He attended the [[2019 AWD Nuclear Congress]] in [[Las Vegas]], AWD's internal leadership gathering organized by [[Joshua Caleb Sutter]] of [[Tempel ov Blood]], delivering speeches calling for murder and lone-wolf attacks and making his first documented in-person appearance with the organization.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Documented Influence
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
43
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jesse Helms.md
Normal file
43
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jesse Helms.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "New Right"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- JesseHelms
|
||||
- UnitedStatesSenate
|
||||
- NationalCongressionalClub
|
||||
- PioneerFund
|
||||
- Chile
|
||||
- NelsonBunkerHunt
|
||||
- FairnessInMedia
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Jesse A. Helms
|
||||
- Senator Helms
|
||||
summary: "North Carolina broadcaster and senator whose direct-mail organization was built by two Pioneer Fund directors, took Nelson Bunker Hunt's money, tried to buy CBS, and was investigated in 1986 for a leak to Pinochet's government."
|
||||
location: "Raleigh, North Carolina"
|
||||
created: 2026-09-21
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Jesse Helms was a [[United States Senate|United States senator]] from [[North Carolina]] from 1973 to 2003. He worked for [[Raleigh, North Carolina|Raleigh]] newspapers and radio, went to Washington in 1951 as assistant to Senator [[Willis Smith]], and from 1953 to 1960 was executive director of the North Carolina Bankers Association. In 1960 he became executive vice president of the [[Capitol Broadcasting Company]], owner of the television station WRAL. His "Viewpoint" editorials closed its evening news from November 21, 1960, and were carried by the Tobacco Radio Network across the eastern half of the state. A study of his finances summarized them as "12 years railing against deadbeats, socialized medicine, the UN, 'shiftless Negroes,' and the 'moral degenerates' led by [[Martin Luther King Jr.]]" He changed his party registration to Republican in 1970 and was elected to the Senate in 1972.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Ellis and the Congressional Club
|
||||
|
||||
His 1972 campaign was managed by the Raleigh lawyer [[Thomas F. Ellis]], who in the late 1950s had "led a propaganda campaign to undermine the state's school desegregation plan," and who joined the board of the [[Pioneer Fund]] in 1973 with [[Marion Parrott]]. The club formed to pay the campaign's debt became the [[National Congressional Club]], and with its sister company, Jefferson Marketing Inc., it employed nearly 200 people by the middle 1980s. An insider called Ellis "the brains behind all the things that we do." The club spent 4.5 million dollars as an independent committee on behalf of [[Ronald Reagan]] in 1980. Helms raised 8.1 million dollars for his reelection in 1978 and 15.9 million in 1984, when he and Governor [[Jim Hunt]] together spent 25.6 million, then the record for a Senate race and more than the presidential campaigns spent that year. Nearly two thirds of his money came in gifts under 200 dollars. The Pioneer Fund gave Ellis's [[Coalition for Freedom]] 195,000 dollars between 1983 and 1989.[^1][^2]
|
||||
|
||||
[[Nelson Bunker Hunt]] "heads the list of [[Texas]] oil moneymen giving to Helms," the same study found. "While his family gave $4,000 to Helms, he also dropped $90,000 into the Helms-related [[Institute for American Relations]]." Hunt said: "We're not as smart as other people, so we need every advantage." Other donors included [[Joseph Coors]] and [[Roger Milliken]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### CBS
|
||||
|
||||
On November 13, 1984, Ellis, [[Carter Wrenn]], and [[James Palmer Cain]] formed [[Fairness in Media]], and in January 1985 about a million letters over Helms's signature asked conservatives to buy stock in [[CBS]]. The lawyer was [[Harry Weyher]], president of the Pioneer Fund. CBS sued on February 15, alleging an attempt "to manipulate the market in CBS stock." Wrenn called the suit "an act of intimidation." [[Ted Turner]], who made his own offer for the network in April, testified that he had held "extensive discussions with Sen. Helms" and the group. CBS ended both campaigns that July by buying back a fifth of its own shares.[^2][^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Chile
|
||||
|
||||
In July 1976 Helms spent three days in [[Chile]] as the guest of the Institute for American Relations, the first senator to visit in twelve years, and met General [[Augusto Pinochet]]. [[Orlando Letelier]] was killed in Washington that September. In the Senate Helms defended the Chilean government against suspicion and advanced the "far more plausible" theory that Letelier had been killed by his own allies. "Terrorism is most often an organized tool of the Left, used coldbloodedly for political aims. Leftist terrorists do not hesitate to use terrorism against the Left." Representative [[Larry McDonald]] of [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] denounced the dead man as a supporter of terrorism.[^4] Helms went again in July 1986. After a member of his staff was briefed by the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] on the burning of [[Rodrigo Rojas]] by Chilean soldiers, the Chilean government learned of an American intelligence operation, and the [[Senate Select Committee on Intelligence]] asked the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] to investigate whether Helms or an aide had disclosed it. "The CIA was angry about the release because it created a threat to the agency's ability to gather information in Chile," a wire report said. Helms answered: "The [[State Department]] and the Central Intelligence Agency are constantly trying to discredit me and they're not going to be able to do it. The real need is for the State Department and the CIA to clean up their acts."[^5]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Hall, Bob. "Jesse Helms: The Meaning of His Money," *Southern Exposure,* vol. 13, no. 1, 1985, republished by Facing South, Institute for Southern Studies.
|
||||
[^2]: Mehler, Barry, comp. "Pioneer Fund Grants, 1971-1996," Institute for the Study of Academic Racism; Tucker, William H. *The Funding of Scientific Racism: Wickliffe Draper and the Pioneer Fund.* University of Illinois Press, 2002.
|
||||
[^3]: "CBS sues Fairness in Media," United Press International, February 15, 1985; "Turner Discussed CBS Bid With Sen. Helms," *The Washington Post,* March 20, 1985; Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. v. CBS, Inc., 627 F. Supp. 901 (N.D. Ga. 1985).
|
||||
[^4]: Branch, Taylor, and Eugene M. Propper. *Labyrinth*. Viking, 1982, p. 55.
|
||||
[^5]: United Press International, report on the Justice Department inquiry into Senator Helms, August 2, 1986.
|
||||
|
|
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ born: 1913-02-14
|
|||
died: 1975
|
||||
location: "Brazil, Indiana"
|
||||
---
|
||||
[[Jimmy Hoffa]] was a prominent American labor union leader. A lot in Beverly Hills sold by [[Clint Murchison, Sr.]] to [[Richard Nixon]] was financed through a Hoffa loan. [[Meyer Lansky]]'s Fremont Hotel in Las Vegas was also financed through a Hoffa loan.[^1]
|
||||
[[Jimmy Hoffa]] was a prominent American labor union leader. A lot in Beverly Hills sold by [[Clint Murchison, Sr.]] to [[Richard Nixon]] was financed through a Hoffa loan. [[Meyer Lansky]]'s Fremont Hotel in [[Las Vegas]] was also financed through a Hoffa loan.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
[[Clint W. Murchison, Jr.]] attempted to persuade the Senate Rules Committee in 1964 that his real estate dealings with Hoffa in Florida were "hardly relevant" to the [[Bobby Baker]] investigation.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Nuclear Scientists & Programs"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- Nuclear
|
||||
- Israel
|
||||
summary: "McCone's leak was his parting shot as AEC commissioner, as he announced his resignation shortly after."
|
||||
born: 1902-01-04
|
||||
died: 1991-02-14
|
||||
location: "San Francisco, California"
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
John A. McCone was a wealthy Republican businessman from [[California]] who served as chairman of the [[Atomic Energy Commission]] (AEC) and later as Director of the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]. In December 1960, he leaked information to *New York Times* reporter [[John W. Finney]] about [[Israel]]'s secret nuclear reactor at [[Dimona]], expressing anger that [[Israel]] and [[France]] had "lied to us" about its purpose.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
McCone's leak was his parting shot as AEC commissioner, as he announced his resignation shortly after. He was committed to nuclear nonproliferation and was aware that the [[Dwight D. Eisenhower|Eisenhower]] administration was nearing its end, making it an opportune time to act. He was also frustrated by the constant Israeli lying about [[Dimona]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
McCone was regularly briefed on the Israeli nuclear program after replacing [[Lewis L. Strauss]] as AEC commissioner in July 1958. As AEC chairman, he was a member of the U.S. Intelligence Advisory Committee, the top-level group at the time. He was labeled by some as anti-Semitic due to his actions, but there was no known basis for such allegations; he was simply dead set against any nuclear proliferation and offended by the Israeli and French deception.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991. Chapter 6, 7.
|
||||
|
|
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Kennedy continued to pressure [[David Ben-Gurion]] throughout 1962 about interna
|
|||
|
||||
Despite his tough stance, Kennedy's political needs, particularly the significant Jewish vote that contributed to his narrow victory in 1960, complicated his approach to Israeli issues. He appointed [[Myer Feldman]] as his presidential point man for Jewish and Israeli affairs, a position that created bureaucratic chaos due to Feldman's strong pro-Israel bias.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Kennedy's relationship with [[David Ben-Gurion]] became increasingly strained due to the ongoing correspondence about [[Israel]]'s bomb program. Ben-Gurion's responses were often perceived as evasive and even rude by Kennedy. The President's apprehension about the Israeli bomb was a factor in his surprising appointment of [[John A. McCone]] as [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] director, who shared Kennedy's strong views on nonproliferation.[^1]
|
||||
Kennedy's relationship with [[David Ben-Gurion]] became increasingly strained due to the ongoing correspondence about [[Israel]]'s bomb program. Ben-Gurion's responses were often perceived as evasive and even rude by Kennedy. The President's apprehension about the Israeli bomb was a factor in his surprising appointment of [[John McCone|John A. McCone]] as [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] director, who shared Kennedy's strong views on nonproliferation.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
In mid-1962, Kennedy's administration authorized the sale of Hawk surface-to-air missiles to [[Israel]], a major departure from past policy of selling no weaponry to [[Israel]]. This decision was linked to [[Israel]]'s agreement to permit American inspection teams into [[Dimona]], though these inspections were largely a whitewash, with [[Israel]] controlling the visits and concealing the true nature of the facility.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
created: 2026-05-15
|
||||
updated: 2026-05-17
|
||||
title: John L. LaMothe
|
||||
aliases:
|
||||
- John LaMothe
|
||||
- Captain John LaMothe
|
||||
- John L. LaMothe
|
||||
category: "Military"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- Military
|
||||
- PSI
|
||||
- DIA
|
||||
- Soviet
|
||||
- 1970s
|
||||
summary: "John L. LaMothe was a U.S. Army Medical Intelligence Office captain who authored the 1972 classified report Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR, warning of Soviet psychoenergetics research capabilities and spurring U.S. government concerns about a psi gap."
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Captain John L. LaMothe was an author and military intelligence officer with the Medical Intelligence Office of the [[U.S. Army]], Office of the Surgeon General. He was tasked with conducting a joint intelligence assessment of the "Soviet psychoenergetic threat," a term coined by the [[Pentagon]] to include all matters related to Soviet anomalous mental phenomena research and [[Electromagnetic Weapons|electromagnetic weapons]] programs[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
His two-year effort resulted in a 174-page classified report titled *Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR*, published in 1972. The report aimed to aid in the development of countermeasures for the protection of U.S. or allied personnel, concluding that the [[Soviet Union|Soviets]] were rapidly developing "methods of controlling or manipulating human behavior through subtle, non-identifiable means," including psychopharmacology, subliminal messaging, and electromagnetic weapons[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
LaMothe's report highlighted the "unusual, disproportionate interest" of Communist state authorities, the military, and the [[KGB]] in [[Parapsychology|parapsychology]], confirming military involvement in [[Psi]] research. He broke down the danger into four categories of existential threat posed by Soviet agents with psychoenergetic abilities[^1]:
|
||||
|
||||
1. "Disable, at a distance, US military equipment of all types, including space craft."
|
||||
2. "Know the contents of top secret US documents, the movements of our troops and ships and the location and nature of our military installations."
|
||||
3. "Mold the thoughts of key US military and civilian leaders, at a distance."
|
||||
4. "Cause the instant death of any US official, at a distance."
|
||||
|
||||
In essence, LaMothe argued that a Soviet agent could disrupt military technology, access state secrets, influence national leaders, and assassinate U.S. officials through targeted [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and [[Psychokinesis|PK]][^1].
|
||||
|
||||
Citing scientists and experts like [[Oliver J. Caldwell]] and [[Sybil Leek]], LaMothe saw an immediate need for the U.S. to create a program to mirror the Soviets' psychic warfare undertakings. However, the alarmist nature of his text limited its distribution, and those in the know considered LaMothe's sources biased in favor of ESP research programs[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
Despite the controversy, LaMothe's report circulated through the military and intelligence communities, prompting the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] to take action and escalate its own psychic research programs[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
### Publications
|
||||
* *Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR* (1972)
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.
|
||||
|
|
@ -5,12 +5,42 @@ tags:
|
|||
- RemoteViewer
|
||||
- Military
|
||||
- Soviet
|
||||
summary: "LaMothe's report highlighted the perceived threat of Soviet ESP and Psychokinesis capabilities, suggesting they could be used to disable U.S."
|
||||
- PSI
|
||||
- DIA
|
||||
- 1970s
|
||||
summary: "John L. LaMothe was a U.S. Army Medical Intelligence Office captain who authored the 1972 classified report Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR, warning of Soviet psychoenergetics research capabilities and spurring U.S. government concerns about a psi gap."
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- John L. LaMothe
|
||||
- Captain John LaMothe
|
||||
---
|
||||
[[John LaMothe]] was a [[U.S. Army]] Captain and the author of the 1972 [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] report, "[[Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR]]." This 174-page classified report reviewed and evaluated Soviet research in the field of "revolutionary methods of influencing behavior," with a particular focus on [[Parapsychology|psi]] phenomena and its potential military applications.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
LaMothe's report highlighted the perceived threat of Soviet [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and [[Psychokinesis]] capabilities, suggesting they could be used to disable U.S. military equipment, access top-secret documents, influence leaders, and even cause instant death. While some of his sources were considered biased in favor of psi research, the report contributed significantly to the U.S. intelligence community's concern about a "[[Psi Gap|psi gap]]" and spurred further U.S. investment in psychic research programs.[^1]
|
||||
Captain John L. LaMothe was an author and military intelligence officer with the Medical Intelligence Office of the [[U.S. Army]], Office of the Surgeon General. He was tasked with conducting a joint intelligence assessment of the "Soviet psychoenergetic threat," a term coined by the [[Pentagon]] to include all matters related to Soviet anomalous mental phenomena research and [[Electromagnetic Weapons|electromagnetic weapons]] programs[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
His two-year effort resulted in a 174-page classified report titled *Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR*, published in 1972. The report aimed to aid in the development of countermeasures for the protection of U.S. or allied personnel, concluding that the [[Soviet Union|Soviets]] were rapidly developing "methods of controlling or manipulating human behavior through subtle, non-identifiable means," including psychopharmacology, subliminal messaging, and electromagnetic weapons[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
LaMothe's report highlighted the "unusual, disproportionate interest" of Communist state authorities, the military, and the [[KGB]] in [[Parapsychology|parapsychology]], confirming military involvement in [[Psi]] research. He broke down the danger into four categories of existential threat posed by Soviet agents with psychoenergetic abilities[^1]:
|
||||
|
||||
1. "Disable, at a distance, US military equipment of all types, including space craft."
|
||||
2. "Know the contents of top secret US documents, the movements of our troops and ships and the location and nature of our military installations."
|
||||
3. "Mold the thoughts of key US military and civilian leaders, at a distance."
|
||||
4. "Cause the instant death of any US official, at a distance."
|
||||
|
||||
In essence, LaMothe argued that a Soviet agent could disrupt military technology, access state secrets, influence national leaders, and assassinate U.S. officials through targeted [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and [[Psychokinesis|PK]][^1].
|
||||
|
||||
Citing scientists and experts like [[Oliver J. Caldwell]] and [[Sybil Leek]], LaMothe saw an immediate need for the U.S. to create a program to mirror the Soviets' psychic warfare undertakings. However, the alarmist nature of his text limited its distribution, and those in the know considered LaMothe's sources biased in favor of ESP research programs[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
Despite the controversy, LaMothe's report circulated through the military and intelligence communities, prompting the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] to take action and escalate its own psychic research programs[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
### Publications
|
||||
* *Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR* (1972)
|
||||
|
||||
### The 1972 Report
|
||||
|
||||
John LaMothe was a U.S. Army Captain and the author of the 1972 [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] report, "[[Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR]]." This 174-page classified report reviewed and evaluated Soviet research in the field of "revolutionary methods of influencing behavior," with a particular focus on psi phenomena and its potential military applications.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
LaMothe's report highlighted the perceived threat of Soviet ESP and Psychokinesis capabilities, suggesting they could be used to disable U.S. military equipment, access top-secret documents, influence leaders, and even cause instant death. While some of his sources were considered biased in favor of psi research, the report contributed significantly to the U.S. intelligence community's concern about a "[[Psi Gap|psi gap]]" and spurred further U.S. investment in psychic research programs.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.
|
||||
[^2]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -6,16 +6,19 @@ tags:
|
|||
- ColdWar
|
||||
- StandardOil
|
||||
- LatinAmerica
|
||||
alias: John A. McCone
|
||||
- Nuclear
|
||||
- Israel
|
||||
summary: "Industrialist and former director of Standard Oil of California who served as CIA Director from 1961 to 1965, clashed with President Kennedy over the test-ban treaty and covert-operations control, shaped Johnson's Latin America team around Rockefeller allies, and later, as an ITT director, financed the effort to block Salvador Allende."
|
||||
born: 1902-01-04
|
||||
died: 1991-02-14
|
||||
location: San Francisco, California
|
||||
created: 2026-06-12
|
||||
updated: 2026-06-12
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- John A. McCone
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
John A. McCone (1902-1991) was an American industrialist who served as Director of the [[CIA]] from 1961 to 1965, appointed by President [[John F. Kennedy]] after the [[Bay of Pigs invasion]] and retained into the [[Lyndon Johnson|Johnson]] administration. A former director of [[Standard Oil|Standard Oil of California]] and a wealthy engineering contractor, he brought a corporate and oil-industry orientation to the Agency that repeatedly set him at odds with Kennedy and aligned him with the [[Nelson Rockefeller|Rockefeller]] network's interests in [[Latin America]].[^1]
|
||||
John A. McCone (1902-1991) was an American industrialist who served as Director of the [[CIA]] from 1961 to 1965, appointed by President [[John F. Kennedy]] after the [[Bay of Pigs invasion]] and retained into the [[Lyndon B. Johnson|Johnson]] administration. A former director of [[Standard Oil|Standard Oil of California]] and a wealthy engineering contractor, he brought a corporate and oil-industry orientation to the Agency that repeatedly set him at odds with Kennedy and aligned him with the [[Nelson Rockefeller|Rockefeller]] network's interests in [[Latin America]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Conflicts with Kennedy
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -31,9 +34,18 @@ Under Johnson, McCone helped reorient US policy toward the hemisphere around fig
|
|||
|
||||
After leaving the CIA in 1965, McCone joined the board of the [[International Telephone and Telegraph|International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation]] (ITT). In 1970, working to prevent the election of [[Salvador Allende]] in Chile, McCone offered the CIA $2 million to finance an effort to stop him, connecting the corporate and intelligence campaigns against the Chilean left that the [[Rockefeller Brothers Fund]]'s earlier rural-education programs in Chile had been designed to undercut.[^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### Atomic Energy Commission
|
||||
|
||||
John A. McCone was a wealthy Republican businessman from [[California]] who served as chairman of the [[Atomic Energy Commission]] (AEC) and later as Director of the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]. In December 1960, he leaked information to *New York Times* reporter [[John W. Finney]] about [[Israel]]'s secret nuclear reactor at [[Dimona]], expressing anger that Israel and [[France]] had "lied to us" about its purpose.[^5]
|
||||
|
||||
McCone's leak was his parting shot as AEC commissioner, as he announced his resignation shortly after. He was committed to nuclear nonproliferation and was aware that the [[Dwight D. Eisenhower|Eisenhower]] administration was nearing its end, making it an opportune time to act. He was also frustrated by the constant Israeli lying about Dimona.[^5]
|
||||
|
||||
McCone was regularly briefed on the Israeli nuclear program after replacing [[Lewis L. Strauss]] as AEC commissioner in July 1958. As AEC chairman, he was a member of the U.S. Intelligence Advisory Committee, the top-level group at the time. He was labeled by some as anti-Semitic due to his actions, but there was no known basis for such allegations; he was simply dead set against any nuclear proliferation and offended by the Israeli and French deception.[^5]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Central Intelligence Agency, "John A. McCone," Directors of Central Intelligence. https://www.cia.gov/legacy/headquarters/directors-of-central-intelligence/; Gerard Colby and Charlotte Dennett, *Thy Will Be Done: The Conquest of the Amazon*. HarperCollins, 1995. Ch. 27.
|
||||
[^2]: Colby and Dennett, Ch. 27.
|
||||
[^3]: Colby and Dennett, Ch. 27; Ch. 28.
|
||||
[^4]: Colby and Dennett, Ch. 41.
|
||||
[^5]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991. Chapter 6, 7.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
45
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Lawrence Houston.md
Normal file
45
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Lawrence Houston.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Intelligence & Government"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- LawrenceHouston
|
||||
- CIA
|
||||
- GeneralCounsel
|
||||
- AssassinationPlots
|
||||
- RobertKennedy
|
||||
- GarrisonInvestigation
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Lawrence R. Houston
|
||||
- Larry Houston
|
||||
summary: "General counsel of the CIA from 1947 to 1973, who briefed Robert Kennedy on the Mafia plots in 1962 and in whose tenure the Justice Department let the agency decide which crimes to report."
|
||||
born: 1913
|
||||
died: 1995-08-15
|
||||
location: "Washington, D.C."
|
||||
created: 2026-09-21
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Lawrence Houston (1913 to August 15, 1995) "helped draft legislation that created and shaped the CIA, then served as the spy agency's general counsel from its founding in 1947 until his retirement in 1973." Director [[John Deutch]] said he had served "longer than the combined tenures of his eight successors" and "played a central role in virtually every significant Agency undertaking." He supervised the legal work of the exchange of [[Rudolf Abel]] for [[Francis Gary Powers]] and of the ransom of the [[Bay of Pigs Invasion|Bay of Pigs]] prisoners. He held the [[National Security Medal]]. He died at [[Westport, Massachusetts]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Agreement of 1954
|
||||
|
||||
"In 1954, the CIA pointed out to the [[Department of Justice]] that, in many cases involving CIA, prosecution would require public disclosure of sensitive Agency operations and procedures." The department answered that the agency should investigate such allegations itself. "If, after investigation, it appeared that prosecution would be precluded by the need to reveal sensitive information, then the Agency should so indicate in its files and not refer the case to the Department of Justice." The presidential commission of 1975 found that the department had "abdicated its statutory duties and placed on the Director of Central Intelligence the responsibility for investigating criminal conduct and making the prosecutorial decision." The arrangement lasted until January 1975.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Kennedy
|
||||
|
||||
On May 7, 1962, Houston and the director of security, [[Sheffield Edwards]], briefed Attorney General [[Robert F. Kennedy|Robert Kennedy]] on the agency's use of [[Johnny Roselli]] and [[Sam Giancana]] against [[Fidel Castro]]. The occasion was the prosecution of [[Robert Maheu]]'s wiretappers in [[Las Vegas]], which the agency wished dropped. "If you have seen Mr. Kennedy's eyes get steely and his jaw set and his voice get low and precise you get a definite feeling of unhappiness," Houston testified. He recalled the instruction: "If we were going to get involved with Mafia personnel again he wanted to be informed first." [[J. Edgar Hoover]] recorded Kennedy's "great astonishment" two days later. The inspector general concluded in 1967 that "the Attorney General was not told that the gambling syndicate operation had already been reactivated." Houston sent Edwards's memorandum of record to Kennedy on May 15. On the agency's copy of his covering note [[Richard Helms]] wrote: "Sen. Kennedy read this on 8 March '67." Helms told Director [[John McCone]] on August 16, 1963, that Edwards's memorandum was the only written record of the agency's relationship with Giancana.[^3][^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### Nosenko and Garrison
|
||||
|
||||
The agency's own account of the confinement of [[Yuri Nosenko]] states that the [[CIA Office of Security|Office of Security]] "together with the Office of General Counsel became increasingly concerned with the illegality of the Agency's position," and that their representations to Helms ended it in October 1967.[^5]
|
||||
|
||||
On March 3, 1967, two days after [[Jim Garrison]] arrested [[Clay Shaw]], the chief of the [[Domestic Contact Service]] in [[New Orleans]], [[Lloyd Ray]], recommended that Houston be briefed on Shaw's past reporting "to be on the safe side." On May 1 [[Herbert J. Miller Jr.|Jack Miller]], a former assistant attorney general, telephoned Houston with information "from within Garrison's office" supplied by [[Walter Sheridan]] of [[NBC]]. His memorandum of October 2, written as the agency's [[Garrison Group]] considered its response, recommended doing nothing beyond resisting subpoenas.[^6]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Central Intelligence Agency, "Statement by the Director on the Death of CIA's First General Counsel Lawrence R. Houston," August 16, 1995; "Lawrence Houston, helped create CIA," *Baltimore Sun,* August 18, 1995.
|
||||
[^2]: Commission on CIA Activities Within the United States. *Report to the President*. Government Printing Office, June 1975, pp. 15-16, 76-77.
|
||||
[^3]: U.S. Senate, Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities. *Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders: An Interim Report*. S. Rept. 94-465, 1975, pp. 133-134.
|
||||
[^4]: *Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961-1963,* vol. X, Cuba, document 337, memorandum for the record by Sheffield Edwards, May 14, 1962, with source note.
|
||||
[^5]: Central Intelligence Agency, "Family Jewels," memorandum of Howard J. Osborn, Director of Security, to the Executive Secretary, CIA Management Committee, May 16, 1973, with attachments, p. 00023.
|
||||
[^6]: Holland, Max. "The Lie That Linked CIA to the Kennedy Assassination," *Studies in Intelligence,* vol. 45, no. 5, 2001.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "PROMIS Scandal"
|
||||
created: 2024-04-25
|
||||
updated: 2026-05-01
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- PROMIS
|
||||
|
|
@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ tags:
|
|||
summary: "D. Lowell Jensen served as Alameda County District Attorney, then as Associate Attorney General and Deputy Attorney General under Edwin Meese, and was named by INSLAW and the House Judiciary Committee as a key figure in the alleged conspiracy to steal and suppress the PROMIS software."
|
||||
born: 1928-06-03
|
||||
location: "Brigham City, Utah"
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- D. Lowell Jensen
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Delwen Lowell Jensen was born June 3, 1928, in Brigham City, Utah. He earned a BA from UC Berkeley in 1949 and a JD from UC Berkeley School of Law in 1952, then served as an Army Corporal from 1952 to 1954. He entered the Alameda County District Attorney's office in 1955 as a deputy, rising to Assistant District Attorney by 1966 and District Attorney by 1969, a position he held until 1981. Among his significant prosecutions as Alameda County DA were members of the Black Panthers and the Patty Hearst case.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
In 1981, Jensen was appointed Assistant Attorney General for the Criminal Division under Attorney General [[William French Smith]], then elevated to Associate Attorney General in 1983 and Deputy Attorney General in 1985 under [[Edwin Meese]]. He was appointed to the federal bench as a U.S. District Judge for the Northern District of California in June 1986, a position he held until senior status in 1997.[^1]
|
||||
|
|
@ -26,7 +29,7 @@ As Associate Attorney General and subsequently Deputy Attorney General, Jensen o
|
|||
|
||||
[[George Francis Bason, Jr.|Bankruptcy Judge Bason]] concluded in his September 1987 findings that Jensen's "biased attitude toward Inslaw contributed to the situation in which Inslaw's complaints about Brewer and the administration of the PROMIS implementation contract went unheeded."[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
The [[Edwin Meese|Meese]] recusal added further significance to Jensen's role: Meese reportedly recused himself from PROMIS matters upon becoming Attorney General in February 1985, given his association with [[Earl Brian]] from the Reagan California cabinet years. Jensen therefore handled all DOJ decision-making on PROMIS from February 1985 onward.[^4] It was Jensen's secretary who brought a letter to [[William Bradford Reynolds]] for signature during a period when Jensen was out of the building - a letter advising that PROMIS software was being provided to an Arab sheik for resale and general distribution, which Reynolds signed under the impression it required a signature from someone in Meese's inner circle.[^4]
|
||||
The Meese recusal added further significance to Jensen's role: Meese reportedly recused himself from PROMIS matters upon becoming Attorney General in February 1985, given his association with [[Earl Brian]] from the Reagan California cabinet years. Jensen therefore handled all DOJ decision-making on PROMIS from February 1985 onward.[^4] It was Jensen's secretary who brought a letter to [[William Bradford Reynolds]] for signature during a period when Jensen was out of the building - a letter advising that PROMIS software was being provided to an Arab sheik for resale and general distribution, which Reynolds signed under the impression it required a signature from someone in Meese's inner circle.[^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### House Judiciary Committee Findings
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -4,18 +4,28 @@ tags:
|
|||
- Person
|
||||
- WW2
|
||||
- Nazi
|
||||
- Politician
|
||||
summary: "Johnson's ties to Israel were strong, influenced by his close advisers like Abe Fortas and Edwin L."
|
||||
born: 1908-08-27
|
||||
died: 1973-01-22
|
||||
location: "Stonewall, Texas"
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Lyndon Johnson
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Lyndon B. Johnson was the 36th President of the [[United States]], serving from 1963 to 1969. He was initially left in the dark on sensitive national security issues by President [[John F. Kennedy]] and his top aides, and reportedly went "berserk" upon being briefed in by the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] after Kennedy's assassination.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Johnson's ties to [[Israel]] were strong, influenced by his close advisers like [[Abe Fortas]] and [[Edwin L. Weisl, Sr.]], and his knowledge of [[Abraham Feinberg]]'s fundraising skills. A deeper link stemmed from his visit to the Nazi concentration camp at [[Dachau]] at the end of World War II, which left him profoundly shaken. His sensitivity to the plight of European Jews began even before the war, when as a young congressman, he helped German refugees gain asylum in [[America]], circumventing red tape and preventing deportations.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Johnson's strong emotional ties to [[Israel]] and his belief that Soviet arms were altering the balance of power in the [[Middle East]] drove him to become the first American President to supply [[Israel]] with offensive weapons and the first publicly to commit [[America]] to its defense. In the early years of his presidency, he echoed Kennedy's policy by urging [[Israel]] to submit [[Dimona]] to [[International Atomic Energy Agency|IAEA]] inspection, motivated by his belief that a nuclear [[Israel]] could lead to a nuclear [[Egypt]], increased Soviet involvement, and potentially war.[^1]
|
||||
Johnson's strong emotional ties to Israel and his belief that Soviet arms were altering the balance of power in the [[Middle East]] drove him to become the first American President to supply Israel with offensive weapons and the first publicly to commit America to its defense. In the early years of his presidency, he echoed Kennedy's policy by urging Israel to submit [[Dimona]] to [[International Atomic Energy Agency|IAEA]] inspection, motivated by his belief that a nuclear Israel could lead to a nuclear [[Egypt]], increased Soviet involvement, and potentially war.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Bobby Baker
|
||||
|
||||
Lyndon B. Johnson served as the 36th President of the United States. His rise to power emanated directly from his friends in Texas oil, including the [[Clint Murchison, Sr.|Murchison family]].[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
As Senate Majority Leader, Johnson made [[Bobby Baker]] his secretary of the Senate Democrats in 1955, referring to Baker as "my strong right arm, the last man I see at night, the first I see in the morning." A major scandal brewed around Baker in the autumn of 1963, involving numerous questionable deals that were tightly interwoven with the Murchison family and organized crime figures.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991. Chapter 9.
|
||||
[^1]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991. Chapter 9.
|
||||
[^2]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Intelligence & Government"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- Politician
|
||||
summary: "As Senate Majority Leader, Johnson made Bobby Baker his secretary of the Senate Democrats in 1955, referring to Baker as 'my strong right arm, the last man I see at night, the first I see in the morning.' A major scandal brewed around Baker in the autumn of 1963, involving numerous questionable deal"
|
||||
born: 1908-08-27
|
||||
died: 1973-01-22
|
||||
location: "Stonewall, Texas"
|
||||
---
|
||||
[[Lyndon B. Johnson]] served as the 36th President of the [[United States]]. His rise to power emanated directly from his friends in Texas oil, including the [[Clint Murchison, Sr.|Murchison family]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
As Senate Majority Leader, Johnson made [[Bobby Baker]] his secretary of the Senate Democrats in 1955, referring to Baker as "my strong right arm, the last man I see at night, the first I see in the morning." A major scandal brewed around Baker in the autumn of 1963, involving numerous questionable deals that were tightly interwoven with the [[Clint Murchison, Sr.|Murchison family]] and organized crime figures.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.
|
||||
38
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Mack McLarty.md
Normal file
38
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Mack McLarty.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Political Figure"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- MackMcLarty
|
||||
- Arkla
|
||||
- BillClinton
|
||||
- WhiteHouse
|
||||
- WebsterHubbell
|
||||
- KissingerAssociates
|
||||
- Arkansas
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Thomas F. McLarty III
|
||||
- Thomas "Mack" McLarty
|
||||
summary: "Kindergarten classmate of Bill Clinton who succeeded Sheffield Nelson at the Arkla gas utility, became Clinton's first White House chief of staff, solicited consulting clients for Webster Hubbell, and went into business with Henry Kissinger."
|
||||
born: 1946-06-14
|
||||
location: "Little Rock, Arkansas"
|
||||
created: 2026-09-21
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Thomas Franklin McLarty III was born on June 14, 1946, at [[Hope, Arkansas]], where his family had an automobile dealership and where he attended Miss Mary Purkins's kindergarten with [[Bill Clinton]]. He was president of the student body at the [[University of Arkansas]], graduated in 1968, and was elected to the [[Arkansas House of Representatives]] at twenty-three for a single term.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Arkla
|
||||
|
||||
He rose in the management of [[Arkla|Arkansas Louisiana Gas]] under [[Sheffield Nelson]], who on retiring on December 31, 1984, named him his successor, and he headed the company until 1992. Nelson had in 1982 bound the utility to buy three quarters of the gas of [[Jerry Jones]]'s Arkoma Production Company. In 1989 the state's [[Arkansas Public Service Commission|Public Service Commission]] opened an investigation on learning that Arkla had paid Arkoma 174.8 million dollars to be released from it. With [[Curt Bradbury]] of [[Worthen Bank]] he organized the [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]] fundraisers for Clinton's presidential campaign in 1992.[^1][^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### The White House
|
||||
|
||||
McLarty was chief of staff in 1993 and 1994, and then counselor to the president and special envoy for the Americas. On March 13, 1994, the day before [[Webster Hubbell]] announced his resignation as associate attorney general, McLarty attended the [[White House]] meeting on Hubbell's difficulties and told the first lady: "We're going to be supportive of Webb." He and his staff director "telephoned Hubbell about once a week, telling him he still had friends in the White House," and he was one of those who "made calls on Hubbell's behalf" to prospective clients. Seventeen supporters of the president paid Hubbell more than 500,000 dollars in the following months.[^1][^3]
|
||||
|
||||
After leaving the administration in 1998 he formed [[Kissinger McLarty Associates]] with [[Henry A. Kissinger|Henry Kissinger]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: "Mack McLarty (1946-)," *Encyclopedia of Arkansas.* https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/mack-mclarty-3707/ ; "Sheffield Nelson (1941-)," *Encyclopedia of Arkansas.*
|
||||
[^2]: "Oily Deals: Pattern Emerging in Questionable Arkoma Gas Transactions," *Arkansas Business,* April 9, 1990; "Meet The Family That Bankrolled Clinton," *The Seattle Times,* January 31, 1993.
|
||||
[^3]: Office of the Independent Counsel, *Final Report of the Independent Counsel In Re: Madison Guaranty Savings and Loan Association,* vol. 3, part C, "Webster L. Hubbell's Billing Practices and Tax Filings." https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-ICREPORT-MADISON/pdf/GPO-ICREPORT-MADISON-3-2.pdf
|
||||
|
|
@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ The Birmingham Campaign of spring 1963 was the turning point of the civil rights
|
|||
|
||||
The March on Washington on August 28, 1963 drew approximately 250,000 people to the National Mall. King's address, improvising past his prepared remarks into the "I Have a Dream" sequence, became one of the defining speeches in American political history.
|
||||
|
||||
The [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]] and the [[Voting Rights Act of 1965]], signed by President [[Lyndon Johnson]], represented the legislative achievement of the movement's core demands - though King continued organizing for economic justice, fair housing, and against [[Vietnam War|Vietnam War]] escalation in the remaining years of his life.[^1]
|
||||
The [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]] and the [[Voting Rights Act of 1965]], signed by President [[Lyndon B. Johnson|Lyndon Johnson]], represented the legislative achievement of the movement's core demands - though King continued organizing for economic justice, fair housing, and against [[Vietnam War|Vietnam War]] escalation in the remaining years of his life.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### FBI Surveillance and COINTELPRO
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ King received the anonymous suicide letter and recognized its origin. He continu
|
|||
|
||||
### Vietnam and the Poor People's Campaign
|
||||
|
||||
King's public opposition to the Vietnam War, which he articulated comprehensively in his "Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence" speech at [[Riverside Church]] on April 4, 1967 - exactly one year before his assassination - deepened the conflict with the [[Lyndon Johnson|Johnson]] administration and with mainstream civil rights organizations that feared alienating the president. King framed Vietnam as inseparable from the struggle for economic justice at home, arguing that the war consumed resources needed for the antipoverty programs of the Great Society while disproportionately drafting Black men to fight.
|
||||
King's public opposition to the Vietnam War, which he articulated comprehensively in his "Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence" speech at [[Riverside Church]] on April 4, 1967 - exactly one year before his assassination - deepened the conflict with the [[Lyndon B. Johnson|Johnson]] administration and with mainstream civil rights organizations that feared alienating the president. King framed Vietnam as inseparable from the struggle for economic justice at home, arguing that the war consumed resources needed for the antipoverty programs of the Great Society while disproportionately drafting Black men to fight.
|
||||
|
||||
In 1968, King was organizing the Poor People's Campaign - a planned encampment of impoverished Americans in [[Washington, D.C.]] demanding economic legislation - when he traveled to Memphis to support a strike by Black sanitation workers against the city government. He had spoken in Memphis on March 18 and returned on April 3. His April 3 speech at the Mason Temple, in which he said "I've been to the mountaintop," was delivered under threat of assassination; King was aware of specific threats against his life.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ There were social media posts made that suggested he was helping to connect sold
|
|||
### Personal Life
|
||||
Livelsberger was married twice (first divorced in 2018) and had a young daughter from his most recent merger. His latest wife allegedly broke up with him in the days preceding the explosion over Matthew’s adultery.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
On the drive to Las Vegas, he was texting [[Alicia Arritt]], an old girlfriend, about the cyber truck.
|
||||
On the drive to [[Las Vegas]], he was texting [[Alicia Arritt]], an old girlfriend, about the cyber truck.
|
||||
> “I rented a Tesla Cybertruck. It’s the shit”
|
||||
> "I feel like Batman or halo”
|
||||
> “I'm building drones in my new position”[^3]
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ born: 1902
|
|||
died: 1983
|
||||
location: "Grodno, Russian Empire (now Belarus)"
|
||||
---
|
||||
[[Meyer Lansky]] was a prominent Florida mobster. His Fremont Hotel in Las Vegas was financed through a [[Jimmy Hoffa|Hoffa]] loan. [[Edward Levinson]], a Las Vegas gambler, was a lieutenant of Lansky. Through [[Bobby Baker]], Levinson became acquainted with [[Clint Murchison, Sr.]].[^1]
|
||||
[[Meyer Lansky]] was a prominent Florida mobster. His Fremont Hotel in [[Las Vegas]] was financed through a [[Jimmy Hoffa|Hoffa]] loan. [[Edward Levinson]], a Las Vegas gambler, was a lieutenant of Lansky. Through [[Bobby Baker]], Levinson became acquainted with [[Clint Murchison, Sr.]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ born: 1925
|
|||
location: "New York City, New York, USA"
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Myron B. Kratzer was the director of international affairs for the [[Atomic Energy Commission|AEC]] in December 1960. He recalled being telephoned a few hours before [[John A. McCone]]'s farewell appearance on *Meet the Press* by a [[State Department]] colleague, who urged him to ask McCone to downplay the Israeli nuclear issue. McCone, however, refused, stating he would not "tell anything less than the truth."[^1]
|
||||
Myron B. Kratzer was the director of international affairs for the [[Atomic Energy Commission|AEC]] in December 1960. He recalled being telephoned a few hours before [[John McCone|John A. McCone]]'s farewell appearance on *Meet the Press* by a [[State Department]] colleague, who urged him to ask McCone to downplay the Israeli nuclear issue. McCone, however, refused, stating he would not "tell anything less than the truth."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ By 1983, Moriarty faced legal troubles. The *Los Angeles Times* reported that he
|
|||
|
||||
In 1985, Moriarty pleaded guilty to mail fraud in what became the biggest political scandal in California in 30 years, leading to the indictment of over 10 prominent politicians for taking bribes from him.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Moriarty was subpoenaed to testify on behalf of [[Bo Gritz]] at his trial in Las Vegas. Moriarty's lawyer, [[Jan Lawrence Handzlik]], stated that Moriarty had paid Gritz to make business trips to [[China]], [[Singapore]], and other parts of [[Asia]]. Gritz claimed his July 1989 trip to [[Asia]] was to negotiate an oil interest he and Moriarty had set up between the [[People's Republic of China]] and [[Indonesia]].[^1]
|
||||
Moriarty was subpoenaed to testify on behalf of [[Bo Gritz]] at his trial in [[Las Vegas]]. Moriarty's lawyer, [[Jan Lawrence Handzlik]], stated that Moriarty had paid Gritz to make business trips to [[China]], [[Singapore]], and other parts of [[Asia]]. Gritz claimed his July 1989 trip to [[Asia]] was to negotiate an oil interest he and Moriarty had set up between the [[People's Republic of China]] and [[Indonesia]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
40
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Paul Helliwell.md
Normal file
40
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Paul Helliwell.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Intelligence & Government"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- PaulHelliwell
|
||||
- OSS
|
||||
- CIA
|
||||
- CastleBank
|
||||
- SeaSupply
|
||||
- Proprietaries
|
||||
- Miami
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Paul L.E. Helliwell
|
||||
- Paul Lionel Edward Helliwell
|
||||
summary: "Miami lawyer and wartime OSS intelligence chief in China who set up the CIA front Sea Supply in 1951 and the Castle Bank in the Bahamas, and held Walt Disney's Florida land options."
|
||||
died: 1976-12-24
|
||||
location: "Miami, Florida"
|
||||
created: 2026-09-21
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Paul Lionel Edward Helliwell was a [[Miami]] lawyer who died on December 24, 1976, at 62. "During [[World War II]], he was chief of special intelligence in [[China]] for the [[Office of Strategic Services]]," [[The Wall Street Journal]] reported in 1980. Former colleagues told the paper that Helliwell, then a colonel, "regularly used to buy information with five-pound shipments of opium."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Sea Supply
|
||||
|
||||
"In 1951 Mr. Helliwell helped set up and run [[Sea Supply Corporation|Sea Supply Corp.]], a concern controlled by the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] as a front. For almost 10 years, Sea Supply was used to supply huge amounts of weapons and equipment to 10,000 Nationalist Chinese troops in [[Burma]] as well as to [[Thailand]]'s police." The newspaper described him as "instrumental in helping to direct a network of CIA undercover operations and 'proprietaries.'" A former federal official told it that Helliwell "reputedly was one of the paymasters" for the [[Bay of Pigs Invasion|Bay of Pigs]] invasion and was "deeply involved" in financing raids on [[Cuba]] from [[Andros Island]] between 1963 and 1975.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Disney
|
||||
|
||||
In the middle 1960s a lawyer for [[Walt Disney Productions]], Robert Price Foster, came to the firm of Helliwell, Melrose and DeWolf to arrange the secret purchase of land in central [[Florida]]. "All of the options we had taken on larger tracts were in Helliwell's name," Foster recalled. "And so to relieve him as the prolific generator of rumors that he had become, we created a family of corporations as repositories of titles to our purchases." They were Reedy Creek Ranch Lands, Bay Lake Properties, Ayefour Corporation, [[Latin America|Latin American]] Development and Management Corporation, and Tomahawk Properties.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Castle Bank
|
||||
|
||||
"[[Castle Bank and Trust|Castle Bank]] was set up and principally controlled by the late Paul Lionel Edward Helliwell." The foreign companies on its 1973 list of depositors traced back to concerns "mostly formed or controlled by Paul Helliwell and his associates." The bank, the paper reported, "was the conduit for millions of dollars earmarked by the CIA for the funding of clandestine operations against Cuba and for other covert intelligence operations directed at countries in Latin America and the [[Far East]]," and "pressure from the Central Intelligence Agency, rather than a legal problem, was what caused the Justice Department to drop what could have been the biggest tax-evasion case of all." The agency, the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]], and Helliwell's firm declined to comment. The [[Miami Herald]] reported the next day that "Helliwell may have used his CIA contacts to force an abrupt end to the investigation." Neither federal court that ruled on the case mentions the agency or Helliwell.[^1][^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Drinkhall, Jim. "IRS vs. CIA: Big Tax Investigation Was Quietly Scuttled by Intelligence Agency," *The Wall Street Journal,* April 18, 1980, CIA Reading Room document CIA-RDP90-01208R000100100061-5.
|
||||
[^2]: Walt Disney Archives, "We Say It's Disney," D23. https://d23.com/we-say-its-disney/
|
||||
[^3]: "CIA May Have Ended Nassau Bank Probe," *The Miami Herald,* April 19, 1980, CIA Reading Room document CIA-RDP90-00806R000100200024-2; United States v. Payner, 447 U.S. 727 (1980); United States v. Payner, 434 F. Supp. 113 (N.D. Ohio 1977).
|
||||
|
|
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Hurkos's psychometric talents were observed by [[Bep Hermans]], Puharich's au pa
|
|||
|
||||
After the death of [[Alice Astor Bouverie]], Puharich and Hurkos traveled to Mexico in search of more *God's flesh* mushrooms. Despite the turmoil, the [[Round Table Foundation]] continued its activities, with Hurkos participating in experiments involving [[Telepathy]], [[Dowsing]], palmistry, and [[Eyeless Sight]][^1].
|
||||
|
||||
In the 1960s, Puharich and Hurkos traveled to the Sixth Naval District Personnel Conference in Charleston, South Carolina, to demonstrate [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and psychometry to submariners[^1].
|
||||
In the 1960s, Puharich and Hurkos traveled to the Sixth Naval District Personnel Conference in Charleston, [[South Carolina]], to demonstrate [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and psychometry to submariners[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
created: 2026-05-15
|
||||
updated: 2026-05-17
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
title: Richard Helms
|
||||
aliases:
|
||||
- Richard McGarrah Helms
|
||||
|
|
@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ born: 1913-03-30
|
|||
died: 2002-10-22
|
||||
location: "St. Davids, Pennsylvania"
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Richard McGarrah Helms (March 30, 1913 - October 22, 2002) served as [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] [[Director of Central Intelligence]] from June 30, 1966, to February 2, 1973 - the only career CIA clandestine officer ever to hold that position, and the only DCI ever convicted of a criminal offense related to his service. A professional intelligence officer who entered the [[Office of Strategic Services|OSS]] during [[World War II]] and spent thirty years in the CIA, Helms authorized [[Operation CHAOS]] domestic surveillance, approved continuation of the [[MKULTRA]] human experimentation program, ordered the destruction of both programs' records before congressional investigators could access them, and in 1977 pleaded no contest to making false statements to Congress about CIA operations against Chilean President [[Salvador Allende]]. He simultaneously held the personal conviction, disclosed to his deputies, that [[Israel]] was using American intelligence as "an open pipeline for pumping intelligence to [[Moscow]]" - a view he never officially reported.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### OSS and Early CIA Career
|
||||
|
|
@ -39,13 +40,13 @@ When the Warren Commission was established in November 1963 to investigate Kenne
|
|||
|
||||
### Operation CHAOS Authorization and Records Destruction
|
||||
|
||||
In August 1967, Helms received President Johnson's instruction to determine whether foreign powers were directing the American antiwar movement. He tasked [[James Jesus Angleton|James Angleton]]'s Counterintelligence Staff with establishing the Special Operations Group that became MHCHAOS. He subsequently expanded the program under President Nixon's administration, approving Project MERRIMAC (domestic infiltration of antiwar organizations) and Project RESISTANCE (coordination with campus administrators and local police to compile dossiers on student organizations).
|
||||
In August 1967, Helms received President Johnson's instruction to determine whether foreign powers were directing the American antiwar movement. He tasked [[James Jesus Angleton|James Angleton]]'s Counterintelligence Staff with establishing the Special Operations Group that became MHCHAOS. He subsequently expanded the program under President Nixon's administration, approving Project MERRIMAC (domestic infiltration of antiwar organizations) and [[Project RESISTANCE]] (coordination with campus administrators and local police to compile dossiers on student organizations).
|
||||
|
||||
In December 1972, knowing that Watergate-related congressional investigations were expanding, Helms ordered the operational records of MHCHAOS destroyed. A partial cache of budget and administrative documents survived only because it had been misfiled in a different location. In the same period, he ordered the destruction of records related to MKULTRA, the CIA's two-decade human experimentation program using LSD and other substances on unwitting subjects. The Church Committee found that these records destructions had permanently deprived investigators of a complete documentary record of both programs.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Proposing and Protecting MKULTRA
|
||||
|
||||
Helms was the program's originator as much as its protector. On April 3, 1953 he formally proposed to Director [[Allen Dulles]] a program under [[Sidney Gottlieb]] for the "covert use of biological and chemical materials," arguing that "the development of a comprehensive capability in this field gives us a thorough knowledge of the enemy's theoretical potential" against "a foe who might not be as restrained ... as we are"; Dulles approved it as MKULTRA ten days later. Helms nurtured Gottlieb as his personal specialist and, bypassing the layers of command between them, dealt with him directly, embodying the conviction he later voiced in Senate testimony, that a clandestine operator "can't count on the honesty of your agent ... unless you own him body and soul." When the program needed a new charter in 1964 he agreed to rename it [[MKSEARCH]] on the condition that its substance remain the same.[^4]
|
||||
Helms was the program's originator as much as its protector. On April 3, 1953 he formally proposed to Director [[Allen Dulles]] a program under [[Sidney Gottlieb]] for the "covert use of biological and chemical materials," arguing that "the development of a comprehensive capability in this field gives us a thorough knowledge of the enemy's theoretical potential" against "a foe who might not be as restrained ... as we are"; Dulles approved it as MKULTRA ten days later. Helms nurtured Gottlieb as his personal specialist and, bypassing the layers of command between them, dealt with him directly, embodying the conviction he later voiced in Senate testimony, that a clandestine operator "can't count on the honesty of your agent ... unless you own him body and soul." When the program needed a new charter in 1964 he agreed to rename it [[MKSEARCH]] on the condition that its substance remain the same.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### MKULTRA Continuation and Psychic Research
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ In February 1973, when Helms testified before the [[Senate Foreign Relations Com
|
|||
|
||||
Helms developed a personal conviction, disclosed to his deputies, that Israel was providing American satellite intelligence to the [[Soviet Union]] as part of an undisclosed intelligence exchange - characterizing Israel as "an open pipeline for pumping intelligence to Moscow." He never officially reported this assessment or commissioned a formal investigation, and he took no documented action on it. His reluctance reflected both the sensitivity of accusing an ally and the particular weight of any assessment that ran against the interests managed by Angleton's [[KK MOUNTAIN]] Israeli liaison program.
|
||||
|
||||
When President Johnson sought an intelligence assessment of whether Israel had manufactured nuclear weapons, Helms provided the estimate (four warheads) and then obeyed Johnson's instruction that the finding be buried rather than formally reported. Johnson did not want intelligence conclusions that would require him to act on them politically. Helms's willingness to suppress an accurate intelligence product at presidential direction exemplified the institutional failure the Church Committee later documented.[^3]
|
||||
When President Johnson sought an intelligence assessment of whether Israel had manufactured nuclear weapons, Helms provided the estimate (four warheads) and then obeyed Johnson's instruction that the finding be buried rather than formally reported. Johnson did not want intelligence conclusions that would require him to act on them politically. Helms's willingness to suppress an accurate intelligence product at presidential direction exemplified the institutional failure the Church Committee later documented.[^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### Iran, Retirement, and Memoirs
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -77,5 +78,5 @@ He published his memoirs, *A Look Over My Shoulder: A Life in the Central Intell
|
|||
|
||||
[^1]: Powers, Thomas. *The Man Who Kept the Secrets: Richard Helms and the CIA.* Knopf, 1979 (the essential biography, based on extensive interviews). Church Committee (Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities). Final Report, S. Rept. 94-755, April 26, 1976.
|
||||
[^2]: Church Committee. "Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders." Senate Report No. 94-465, 1975 (documents ZR/RIFLE and the failure to disclose to Warren Commission). Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis.* Little, Brown, 2017.
|
||||
[^3]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy.* Random House, 1991. Chapters 11, 14, 16.
|
||||
[^4]: John D. Marks, *The Search for the Manchurian Candidate*. Times Books, 1979, Chapters 1, 4, 12.
|
||||
[^3]: John D. Marks, *The Search for the Manchurian Candidate*. Times Books, 1979, Chapters 1, 4, 12.
|
||||
[^4]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy.* Random House, 1991. Chapters 11, 14, 16.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
created: 2026-05-15
|
||||
updated: 2026-05-17
|
||||
title: Richard M. Helms
|
||||
aliases:
|
||||
- Richard M. Helms
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- CIA
|
||||
category: "Intelligence & Government"
|
||||
summary: "Redirect page - see [[Richard Helms]] for full content."
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
See [[Richard Helms]].
|
||||
|
|
@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Robert Lashbrook was [[Sidney Gottlieb]]'s deputy in the [[CIA]]'s [[TSS]] Chemi
|
|||
|
||||
### The Olson Case
|
||||
|
||||
After Olson's condition worsened, Lashbrook accompanied him and [[Vincent Ruwet]] to [[New York]] to see [[Harold Abramson]], the CIA-cleared allergist Gottlieb chose to treat Olson rather than following CIA regulations requiring notification of the Office of Security. Lashbrook thought a visit to [[John Mulholland]], a magician under TSS contract to develop ways of slipping drugs into drinks, might amuse Olson, but Olson became "highly suspicious." That night, Olson became upset during a performance of *Me and Juliet* and told Ruwet people were waiting outside the theater to arrest him. After Olson wandered the streets tearing up his money, Lashbrook and Ruwet found him in the hotel lobby at 5:30 A.M.[^1]
|
||||
After Olson's condition worsened, Lashbrook accompanied him and [[Vincent Ruwet]] to [[New York]] to see [[Harold Abramson]], the CIA-cleared allergist Gottlieb chose to treat Olson rather than following CIA regulations requiring notification of the [[CIA Office of Security|Office of Security]]. Lashbrook thought a visit to [[John Mulholland]], a magician under TSS contract to develop ways of slipping drugs into drinks, might amuse Olson, but Olson became "highly suspicious." That night, Olson became upset during a performance of *Me and Juliet* and told Ruwet people were waiting outside the theater to arrest him. After Olson wandered the streets tearing up his money, Lashbrook and Ruwet found him in the hotel lobby at 5:30 A.M.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Death
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ Before the Castro assassination operation, Maheu had conducted several sensitive
|
|||
|
||||
### CIA-Mafia Anti-Castro Operation
|
||||
|
||||
In August 1960, [[Sheffield Edwards]], the CIA's Director of Security, and his deputy James O'Connell briefed Maheu on the CIA's desire to recruit organized crime figures for an operation to assassinate Castro. Edwards and O'Connell's rationale for approaching Maheu was explicit: they needed someone with organized crime connections who could make an approach that would not be traceable to the CIA.
|
||||
In August 1960, [[Sheffield Edwards]], the CIA's Director of Security, and his deputy [[James O'Connell]] briefed Maheu on the CIA's desire to recruit organized crime figures for an operation to assassinate Castro. Edwards and O'Connell's rationale for approaching Maheu was explicit: they needed someone with organized crime connections who could make an approach that would not be traceable to the CIA.
|
||||
|
||||
Maheu approached [[Johnny Roselli]], whom he had known through Las Vegas gambling circles, in September 1960. Roselli agreed to participate and arranged a meeting with [[Sam Giancana]] and [[Santos Trafficante, Jr.|Santo Trafficante Jr.]] Maheu handled the initial negotiations, communicating the CIA's operational requirements and providing the poison pills developed by the CIA's [[Technical Services Division]] for introduction into Castro's food or drink.
|
||||
Maheu approached [[Johnny Roselli]], whom he had known through [[Las Vegas]] gambling circles, in September 1960. Roselli agreed to participate and arranged a meeting with [[Sam Giancana]] and [[Santos Trafficante, Jr.|Santo Trafficante Jr.]] Maheu handled the initial negotiations, communicating the CIA's operational requirements and providing the poison pills developed by the CIA's [[Technical Services Division]] for introduction into Castro's food or drink.
|
||||
|
||||
Maheu's role was that of a first-stage intermediary. Once the CIA-organized crime relationship was established, [[William Harvey]] replaced him as the agency's primary handler, working directly with Roselli rather than through Maheu. Maheu retained awareness of the program and some ongoing relationship with its participants but was no longer the operational manager after 1961.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Morris wrote that Seal's "personal records showed him to be a contract CIA opera
|
|||
|
||||
### Danny Ray Lasater and Organized Crime
|
||||
|
||||
Morris wrote that "whatever the limits or extent of [[Danny Ray Lasater]]'s cocaine trafficking or the nature of his other dealings, most believed that beyond him the larger corruption in Little Rock and elsewhere pointed unmistakably to organized crime, not to mention the vast crimes of Mena - none of which would be pursued." Morris also described an investigation into Lasater that was shut down prematurely.[^1]
|
||||
Morris wrote that "whatever the limits or extent of [[Danny Ray Lasater]]'s cocaine trafficking or the nature of his other dealings, most believed that beyond him the larger corruption in [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]] and elsewhere pointed unmistakably to organized crime, not to mention the vast crimes of Mena - none of which would be pursued." Morris also described an investigation into Lasater that was shut down prematurely.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Shredding of Mena Files
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Iran-Contra"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- person
|
||||
- nicaraguan
|
||||
- contra-war
|
||||
summary: Ron Lister was a former Laguna Beach police officer who became Danilo Blandón's partner in drug trafficking and weapons procurement, claiming high-level CIA connections.
|
||||
---
|
||||
Ron Lister was a former [[Laguna Beach Police Department|Laguna Beach]] police officer who became [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s partner in drug trafficking and weapons procurement, claiming high-level [[Central Intelligence Agency]] connections. Lister's activities illustrated the overlap between law enforcement, the drug trade, and intelligence operations in [[California]] during the 1980s.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Drug Trafficking Partnership
|
||||
|
||||
The Torres brothers told investigators that "Blandón is working with an ex-Laguna Beach police officer by the name of Ronnie, who lives in an expensive house in Mission Viejo and drives a new Mercedes automobile. Ronnie transported 100 kilos of [[cocaine]] to the Black market and has transported millions of dollars to [[Miami]] for Danilo Blandón." Lister operated Mundy Security Group Inc., incorporated in Laguna Beach in mid-1983, which provided cover for his weapons procurement activities. He arranged weapons sales presentations to Contra leaders, with attendees including Eden Pastora and other top [[Contras|Contra]] figures.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### CIA Claims and Arrest
|
||||
|
||||
When arrested, Lister told detectives: "I know why you're here, but why are you here? Mr. Weekly knows what I'm doing and you're not supposed to be here." Lister told Detective Juarez "that he had dealings in [[South America]] and worked with the CIA and added that his friends in Washington weren't going to like what was going on." He claimed his CIA contact was the former Deputy Director of Operations working at [[Fluor Corporation]]. After the arrest, a CIA cable marked "Immediate Director" reported that individuals claiming CIA affiliation had been detained. Nearly all seized evidence was returned to Lister and Blandón within days.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Ch. 9.
|
||||
[^2]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Ch. 9, Ch. 8.
|
||||
[^3]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Ch. 9.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
title: Ronald Lister
|
||||
aliases:
|
||||
- Ronald Lister
|
||||
- Ronald Jay Lister
|
||||
- Ron Lister
|
||||
created: 2026-05-17
|
||||
updated: 2026-05-17
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
category: "Intelligence & Government"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
|
|
@ -16,8 +15,11 @@ tags:
|
|||
- 1980s
|
||||
- ContraWar
|
||||
- DarkAllianceInvestigation
|
||||
- nicaraguan
|
||||
- contra-war
|
||||
summary: "Former police officer who became Danilo Blandón's partner in cocaine trafficking and weapons dealing through Pyramid International Security Consultants, with suspected CIA connections."
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Ronald Jay Lister was a former southern California police officer who became [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s partner in cocaine trafficking and weapons dealing during the 1980s, operating through his company [[Pyramid International Security Consultants]].[^1] Lister worked alongside Blandón for seven years and introduced a weapons and sophisticated electronics dimension to Blandón's drug ring that bore the hallmarks of [[Central Intelligence Agency|U.S. intelligence community]] involvement. The CIA has publicly denied any relationship with him.
|
||||
|
||||
### Law Enforcement Career
|
||||
|
|
@ -106,8 +108,23 @@ On October 27, 1986, the [[LASD Major Violators]] raided Lister's former Mission
|
|||
|
||||
Deputies found papers showing Lister had "regular meeting with DIA subcontractor Scott Weekly," handwritten weapons lists including antiaircraft weapons, 1,000 AR-15 rifles, and napalm bombs, and a list of names including William Nelson, Roberto D'Aubuisson, and Scott Weekly. Federal agents copied over 1,000 pages of seized documents, then nearly all copies disappeared. The CIA's Los Angeles office sent an "Immediate Director" cable asking for traces on Lister, Blandón, and Meneses. Lister denied the CIA claims, but Sergeant Art Fransen said Lister erupted in a "tirade": "You guys don't know what you are doing. I deal with the CIA. I got power!"[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Blandón
|
||||
|
||||
Ron Lister was a former Laguna Beach police officer who became Danilo Blandón's partner in drug trafficking and weapons procurement, claiming high-level Central Intelligence Agency connections. Lister's activities illustrated the overlap between law enforcement, the drug trade, and intelligence operations in [[California]] during the 1980s.[^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### Drug Trafficking Partnership
|
||||
|
||||
The Torres brothers told investigators that "Blandón is working with an ex-Laguna Beach police officer by the name of Ronnie, who lives in an expensive house in Mission Viejo and drives a new Mercedes automobile. Ronnie transported 100 kilos of [[cocaine]] to the Black market and has transported millions of dollars to [[Miami]] for Danilo Blandón." Lister operated Mundy Security Group Inc., incorporated in Laguna Beach in mid-1983, which provided cover for his weapons procurement activities. He arranged weapons sales presentations to Contra leaders, with attendees including Eden Pastora and other top Contra figures.[^5]
|
||||
|
||||
### CIA Claims and Arrest
|
||||
|
||||
When arrested, Lister told detectives: "I know why you're here, but why are you here? Mr. Weekly knows what I'm doing and you're not supposed to be here." Lister told Detective Juarez "that he had dealings in [[South America]] and worked with the CIA and added that his friends in Washington weren't going to like what was going on." He claimed his CIA contact was the former Deputy Director of Operations working at Fluor Corporation. After the arrest, a CIA cable marked "Immediate Director" reported that individuals claiming CIA affiliation had been detained. Nearly all seized evidence was returned to Lister and Blandón within days.[^6]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 6: "They were doing their patriotic duty"
|
||||
[^2]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 10: "Teach a man a craft and he's liable to practice it"
|
||||
[^3]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 18: "We bust our ass and the government's involved"
|
||||
[^4]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Ch. 9.
|
||||
[^5]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Ch. 9, Ch. 8.
|
||||
[^6]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Ch. 9.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
39
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ronni Moffitt.md
Normal file
39
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ronni Moffitt.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Intelligence & Government"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- RonniMoffitt
|
||||
- InstituteForPolicyStudies
|
||||
- OrlandoLetelier
|
||||
- DINA
|
||||
- OperationCondor
|
||||
- SheridanCircle
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Ronni Karpen Moffitt
|
||||
summary: "Institute for Policy Studies fundraiser, aged 25, killed with Orlando Letelier by DINA's car bomb in Washington on September 21, 1976, for whose death a Chilean judge convicted three DINA officers in June 2026."
|
||||
died: 1976-09-21
|
||||
location: "Washington, D.C."
|
||||
created: 2026-09-21
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Ronni Karpen Moffitt was the daughter of Murray and Hilda Karpen, who kept a delicatessen in [[Passaic, New Jersey]]. She taught, ran a "Music Carryout" program that lent instruments, and in 1976 had just been promoted to a fundraising post at the [[Institute for Policy Studies]] in Washington under [[Marcus Raskin]] and [[Richard Barnet]]. She was 25 and newly married to a colleague, [[Michael Moffitt]].[^1][^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Sheridan Circle
|
||||
|
||||
On the morning of September 21, 1976, she rode to work in the front seat of [[Orlando Letelier]]'s car with her husband behind her. A bomb placed under the car by [[Michael Townley]] of [[DINA]], who had come to Washington with [[Virgilio Paz]] and [[Jose Dionisio Suarez]] of the [[Cuban Nationalist Movement]], went off at [[Sheridan Circle]]. A fragment cut her throat. Michael Moffitt testified in 1981: "There was a huge hole in the floor of the car with the part from the seat to the gas pedal missing. He was turned around facing the back of the car. His eyes were a little open, but not for very long. He was trying to mumble, trying to say something." His wife "was bleeding profusely from the mouth," and he did not see her alive again. The night before, he said, he and Letelier had talked of more security "simply because the Chileans have never hesitated to kill anyone who opposed the regime." When the agent [[Carter Cornick]] reached the scene, "Mike Moffitt was still there. He was in a daze, shouting DINA, DINA. I didn't know what DINA was."[^3][^4]
|
||||
|
||||
Two months later [[Manuel Contreras]] offered the bureau's [[Robert Scherrer]] "confidential information" that she had been Letelier's lover and that her husband was the likeliest suspect.[^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### Judgment
|
||||
|
||||
The [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] later found "convincing evidence that President Pinochet personally ordered his intelligence chief to carry out the murder." [[Augusto Pinochet]] blocked the extradition of Contreras and [[Pedro Espinoza]]. In 1990 the administration of [[George H.W. Bush]] agreed to lift sanctions if the new civilian government prosecuted the two, who received seven and six years, served at [[Punta Peuco]], a prison built for them. In June 2011 a Chilean association of families filed complaints for more than a thousand victims whose deaths had not been tried, hers among them. On June 15, 2026, Judge [[Paola Plaza]] convicted Espinoza, [[Raúl Iturriaga Neumann|Raúl Iturriaga]], and [[José Zara]] of her killing and sentenced each to fifteen years. Zara had been released in August 2025 after fifteen years for the murder of [[Carlos Prats]] and was rearrested within a day.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
The institute has given the Letelier-Moffitt Human Rights Award since 1978. In 1989 it gave special recognition to Scherrer.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Kornbluh, Peter. "A Modicum of Justice for Ronni Karpen Moffitt," *The Nation,* September 2026.
|
||||
[^2]: Institute for Policy Studies, "Letelier-Moffitt Human Rights Awards," ips-dc.org; "Remembering Ronni," *OtherWords,* Institute for Policy Studies.
|
||||
[^3]: "Michael Moffitt, who survived a car bomb that killed his wife," United Press International, May 13, 1981.
|
||||
[^4]: Dinges, John, and Saul Landau. *Assassination on Embassy Row*. McGraw-Hill, 1980, pp. 211, 276-277.
|
||||
|
|
@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ location: "Little Rock, Arkansas"
|
|||
---
|
||||
[[Sanford N. McDonnell]] (October 12, 1922 – March 19, 2012) was an American engineer, businessman, and philanthropist. He was a member of [[Full Gospel Business Men's Fellowship International|FGBMFI]] and was associated with [[McDonnell Douglas Corporation]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Born in Little Rock, Arkansas,[^2] McDonnell attended [[Princeton University]], the [[University of Colorado Boulder]], and [[Washington University in St. Louis]], earning bachelor's degrees in economics (1945) and mechanical engineering (1948), and a master's degree in applied mechanics (1954).[^3]
|
||||
Born in [[Little Rock, Arkansas]],[^2] McDonnell attended [[Princeton University]], the [[University of Colorado Boulder]], and [[Washington University in St. Louis]], earning bachelor's degrees in economics (1945) and mechanical engineering (1948), and a master's degree in applied mechanics (1954).[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
In 1948, McDonnell joined [[McDonnell Aircraft Corporation]], a company founded by his uncle, [[James S. McDonnell]], as a stress engineer. He participated in the development of the F-101 Voodoo and the F-4 Phantom II jet fighters. In 1962, he was named vice president-general manager of all combat aircraft. He became the president of the company, by then [[McDonnell Douglas Corporation]], in 1971, and chief executive officer the following year. Upon the death of [[James S. McDonnell]] in 1980, Sanford McDonnell succeeded him as chairman of the board, a role he retained until 1988. He also served as chairman of the board of governors of the [[Aerospace Industries Association]].[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
43
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Thomas Karamessines.md
Normal file
43
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Thomas Karamessines.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Intelligence & Government"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- ThomasKaramessines
|
||||
- CIA
|
||||
- DeputyDirectorForPlans
|
||||
- ProjectFUBELT
|
||||
- Chile
|
||||
- Greece
|
||||
- OSS
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Thomas H. Karamessines
|
||||
- Tom Karamessines
|
||||
summary: "OSS officer who helped organize Greece's intelligence service, ran the CIA's clandestine service from 1967 to 1973, and chaired the 1970 task force formed to keep Salvador Allende from office."
|
||||
born: 1917
|
||||
died: 1978-09-04
|
||||
location: "Washington, D.C."
|
||||
created: 2026-09-21
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Thomas Hercules Karamessines was the deputy director for plans of the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]], the head of its clandestine service, from July 1967 to February 1973. He was born in [[New York City]], of Greek descent, graduated from [[Columbia University]] in 1938 and from its law school in 1940, and served under [[Thomas E. Dewey]] as a deputy assistant district attorney for New York County in 1941 and 1942.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Greece and Europe
|
||||
|
||||
Commissioned in the field artillery, he was picked for the [[Office of Strategic Services]] and served in [[London]] and [[Cairo]]. "Because of his knowledge of the Greek language and [[Greece]]" he was sent to that country and stayed until 1947, returned briefly to civilian life, and rejoined federal intelligence work the same year, when the CIA was formed. "In the late 1940s, he was sent back to Greece to manage U.S. intelligence activities during the civil war there. He also helped organize the CIA's counterpart organization in Greece." He was afterward "chief of several stations in Europe."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Clandestine Service
|
||||
|
||||
Karamessines was assistant to [[Desmond FitzGerald]] and succeeded him on FitzGerald's death in July 1967, with [[Cord Meyer]] as his own assistant. In September 1970 he took the chair of the task force formed on President [[Richard Nixon]]'s order to keep [[Salvador Allende]] from office in [[Chile]], the operation known as [[Project FUBELT]]. On October 15 he briefed [[Henry A. Kissinger|Henry Kissinger]] and [[Alexander Haig]] on the plans of General [[Roberto Viaux]], and the cable of the next day to the [[Santiago]] station, "It is firm and continuing policy that Allende be overthrown by a coup," went out under his authority. On October 13, between 10:59 and 11:09 in the morning, he was in the [[Oval Office]] with Nixon and Kissinger. The "president went out of his way to impress all of those there with his conviction that it was absolutely essential that the election of Mr. Allende to the presidency be thwarted," he testified, and as they left "the president took [me] aside to reiterate the message." Senate investigators in 1975 were denied the president's logs, and the date of the meeting was established only later. He described the pressure from the [[White House]] as "constant, constant, just constant." He testified in 1975: "Track II never really ended. What we were told to do was to continue our efforts. Stay alert, and to do what we could to contribute to the eventual achievements and of the objectives and purposes of Track II. I am sure that the seeds that were laid in that effort in 1970 had their impact in 1973. I do not have any question about that in my mind."[^1][^2][^3]
|
||||
|
||||
He retired in February 1973, the month in which Nixon replaced [[Richard Helms]] as director. His obituary called the retirement "voluntary and believed brought on, in part, by a severe back ailment." Kissinger said at the time: "He handled the most delicate missions with the utmost discretion." [[David Atlee Phillips]], who had run the Chile task force under him, said: "He was energetic, quiet and efficient and widely respected by those who worked for him."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### After the Agency
|
||||
|
||||
He sat on the board of the Central Intelligence Retirees Association and belonged to Phillips's [[Association of Former Intelligence Officers]]. In April 1978 he appeared before the [[Senate Select Committee on Intelligence]] to oppose its draft charter for the agency, calling the investigations of the preceding years "an inexcusable exercise in political sensationalism." He asked Congress for better cover for officers abroad, prison terms for the "unauthorized revelation or compromise" of the agency's secrets, and protection of its employees from all congressional committees but the two intelligence panels. He died of a heart attack at his vacation house at Grand Lake, [[Quebec]], on September 4, 1978, at sixty-one.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Hailey, Jean R. "T. H. Karamessines, Ex-Chief of CIA Covert Work, Dies," *The Washington Post,* September 9, 1978, p. B4. https://archive.org/details/nsia-KaramessinesThomasHCIA
|
||||
[^2]: Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, *Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders,* interim report, S. Rept. 94-465, November 20, 1975; Kornbluh, Peter, ed. "The CIA and Chile: Anatomy of an Assassination," National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 728, October 22, 2020.
|
||||
[^3]: Kornbluh, Peter. *The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and Accountability*. New Press, 2003, pp. 14, 24-26, 114, and note 32 at p. 511.
|
||||
|
|
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Timothy Francis Leary (October 22, 1920 to May 31, 1996) was an American psychol
|
|||
|
||||
### From Personality Psychology to Harvard
|
||||
|
||||
Leary was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, the only child of a Catholic family, attended the College of the Holy Cross, was expelled from the United States Military Academy at West Point after a cheating-and-honor dispute, and finished his bachelor's degree at the University of Alabama. He took a doctorate in psychology at the [[University of California, Berkeley]], in 1950, and his early academic work was conventional and well regarded: he directed clinical research at the Kaiser Foundation Hospital in [[Oakland]] from 1954 to 1959 and published *The Interpersonal Diagnosis of Personality* (1957), whose circular model of personality, the "interpersonal circumplex," remained influential in clinical assessment and became the basis for personality-assessment tools later used by the CIA and the military. He joined the faculty of [[Harvard University]]'s Center for Research in Personality in 1959.[^1][^3][^11]
|
||||
Leary was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, the only child of a Catholic family, attended the College of the Holy Cross, was expelled from the United States Military Academy at West Point after a cheating-and-honor dispute, and finished his bachelor's degree at the [[University of Alabama]]. He took a doctorate in psychology at the [[University of California, Berkeley]], in 1950, and his early academic work was conventional and well regarded: he directed clinical research at the Kaiser Foundation Hospital in [[Oakland]] from 1954 to 1959 and published *The Interpersonal Diagnosis of Personality* (1957), whose circular model of personality, the "interpersonal circumplex," remained influential in clinical assessment and became the basis for personality-assessment tools later used by the CIA and the military. He joined the faculty of [[Harvard University]]'s Center for Research in Personality in 1959.[^1][^3][^11]
|
||||
|
||||
The turn came in the summer of 1960, when Leary ate psilocybin mushrooms in Cuernavaca, Mexico, an experience he later called more profound than anything in his prior training. Back at Harvard he and his colleague [[Richard Alpert]], later known as Ram Dass, founded a research program to study the psychological effects of psilocybin, which the Swiss firm [[Sandoz]] supplied in synthesized form.[^3][^4]
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Law Enforcement & Legal"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- Person/Politician
|
||||
- Person/Law_Enforcement
|
||||
- United_States
|
||||
- Arkansas
|
||||
- 1980s
|
||||
- 1990s
|
||||
- Dark_Alliance_Investigation
|
||||
summary: Arkansas lawyer and associate attorney general under Clinton with connections to weapons manufacturing for the Contras and the Mena, Arkansas drug investigation.
|
||||
born: 1948-01-18
|
||||
location: "Little Rock, Arkansas, USA"
|
||||
---
|
||||
Webb Hubbell was a former Arkansas lawyer who served as associate attorney general in the Clinton administration and had connections to both the [[Mena, Arkansas]] drug trafficking investigation and weapons manufacturing for the [[Contras]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Park On Meter Connection
|
||||
|
||||
Hubbell was the former secretary and corporate lawyer of [[Park On Meter]] Inc., a small manufacturer of parking meters in Russellville, [[Arkansas]], and the brother-in-law of the company's owner. Former Air Force intelligence officer [[Terry Reed]] claimed that Park On Meter was secretly manufacturing parts for M-16 rifles as a subcontractor on a CIA weapons project to supply the Contras. Hubbell admitted to a *Time* magazine reporter that POM was also making rocket launchers.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Danny Casolaro Investigation
|
||||
|
||||
In early 1994 Hubbell, as associate attorney general, ordered "a nationwide investigation" into the suspicious death of investigative reporter [[Danny Casolaro]], who had been investigating connections between the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation|Cabazon Indian tribe]], [[Wackenhut International]], and weapons manufacturing for the Contras. Hubbell's interest in the journalist's death may have been more than passing curiosity, given his own connections to a company making weapons parts for the Contras.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Not long after ordering the investigation, Hubbell pleaded guilty to crimes he'd committed while an Arkansas lawyer and resigned from the Justice Department. What resulted from the Casolaro investigation, or even whether it ever went forward, has not been made public.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 6: "They were doing their patriotic duty"
|
||||
55
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Webster Hubbell.md
Normal file
55
10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Webster Hubbell.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Law Enforcement & Legal"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- WebsterHubbell
|
||||
- RoseLawFirm
|
||||
- DepartmentOfJustice
|
||||
- LippoGroup
|
||||
- JamesRiady
|
||||
- BillClinton
|
||||
- Whitewater
|
||||
- DannyCasolaro
|
||||
- MenaArkansas
|
||||
- Contras
|
||||
alias:
|
||||
- Webb Hubbell
|
||||
- Webster L. Hubbell
|
||||
summary: "Rose Law Firm partner and associate attorney general who resigned in 1994 over his billings, was paid over 500,000 dollars by seventeen supporters of the president, among them the Lippo Group, and went to prison."
|
||||
location: "Little Rock, Arkansas"
|
||||
born: 1948-01-18
|
||||
created: 2026-09-21
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Webster L. Hubbell was a partner of [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]] and [[Vince Foster]] in the [[Rose Law Firm]] of [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]] and became associate attorney general of the [[United States]] in the [[Department of Justice]] in January 1993.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Park On Meter
|
||||
|
||||
Hubbell was the former secretary and corporate lawyer of [[Park On Meter]] Inc., a small manufacturer of parking meters in Russellville, [[Arkansas]], and the brother-in-law of the company's owner. Former Air Force intelligence officer [[Terry Reed]] claimed that Park On Meter was secretly manufacturing parts for M-16 rifles as a subcontractor on a CIA weapons project to supply the Contras. Hubbell admitted to a *Time* magazine reporter that POM was also making rocket launchers.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Casolaro Inquiry
|
||||
|
||||
In early 1994 Hubbell, as associate attorney general, ordered "a nationwide investigation" into the suspicious death of investigative reporter [[Danny Casolaro]], who had been investigating connections between the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation|Cabazon Indian tribe]], [[Wackenhut International]], and weapons manufacturing for the Contras.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
He resigned that March. What resulted from the Casolaro investigation, or even whether it ever went forward, has not been made public.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Resignation
|
||||
|
||||
"Shortly after their former partner Webster L. Hubbell became Associate Attorney General," the independent counsel reported, "Rose Law Firm members in Little Rock found irregularities in Hubbell's billings for 1989-92." He announced his resignation on March 14, 1994. The day before, a meeting at the [[White House]] attended by the president, the first lady, and the chief of staff had discussed his difficulties. "Afterwards, one or more individuals suggested that efforts should be made to help Hubbell find work," and the chief of staff, [[Mack McLarty]], told Mrs. Clinton: "We're going to be supportive of Webb."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Consulting Contracts
|
||||
|
||||
McLarty and his staff director, William Burton, "telephoned Hubbell about once a week, telling him he still had friends in the White House." McLarty, [[Erskine Bowles]] of the [[Small Business Administration]], [[Truman Arnold]], and [[Vernon Jordan]] "made calls on Hubbell's behalf." "As a result, seventeen people and companies who were supporters of the President hired Hubbell to do consulting work, paying him in excess of $500,000 over a period of less than a year." He reported 376,075 dollars of it on his tax return for 1994 and paid no tax on it.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
One of the seventeen was the [[Lippo Group]]. On June 23, 1994, [[James Riady]] had breakfast with Hubbell at the [[Hay-Adams Hotel]], met President [[Bill Clinton|Clinton]] at ten with [[John Huang]], and had lunch with Hubbell. On June 27 Hubbell wrote to a director of [[Hong Kong China Limited]], a Lippo company, offering his services for 100,000 dollars a year, and the money was in his account by that day. "Both Riady and Hubbell refuse to describe what services, if any, Hubbell performed," a House committee reported. Lippo also paid for a trip to [[Jakarta]] and [[Bali]] for Hubbell and his wife. Before the committee Hubbell invoked the [[Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fifth Amendment]]. He wrote in his memoir: "it wasn't hush money."[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Plea
|
||||
|
||||
On December 6, 1994, he pleaded guilty in the federal court at Little Rock to one count of mail fraud and one of tax evasion, "admitting that he defrauded his former partners and clients out of at least $394,000." His lawyer later agreed that he had obtained 482,410 dollars and 83 cents. On June 28, 1995, Judge George Howard sentenced him to twenty-one months.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Office of the Independent Counsel, *Final Report of the Independent Counsel In Re: Madison Guaranty Savings and Loan Association,* vol. 3, part C, "Webster L. Hubbell's Billing Practices and Tax Filings." https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-ICREPORT-MADISON/pdf/GPO-ICREPORT-MADISON-3-2.pdf
|
||||
[^2]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998, chapter 6.
|
||||
[^3]: House Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, *Investigation of Political Fundraising Improprieties and Possible Violations of Law,* H. Rept. 105-829, 1998, vol. 2. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CRPT-105hrpt829/html/CRPT-105hrpt829-vol2.htm ; Hubbell, Webster. *Friends in High Places*. William Morrow, 1997.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
created: 2026-05-15
|
||||
updated: 2026-05-15
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-21
|
||||
title: William Harvey
|
||||
aliases:
|
||||
- Bill Harvey
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ location: "Danville, Kentucky, USA"
|
|||
---
|
||||
William Richard Higgins was a [[U.S. Marine Corps|Marine]] Lieutenant Colonel who served as chief of the [[United Nations Military Observer Group Lebanon]]. On February 17, 1988, he was abducted in [[Lebanon]] after meeting with the [[Amal Militia]] in the coastal city of Tyre[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
Higgins's abduction became an international incident, generating a crisis at the [[Pentagon]]. Prior to joining the UN team, he had served as a military aide to Secretary of Defense [[Caspar W. Weinberger]], giving him in-depth knowledge of classified military matters and making him a high-value hostage[^1].
|
||||
Higgins's abduction became an international incident, generating a crisis at the [[Pentagon]]. Prior to joining the UN team, he had served as a military aide to Secretary of Defense [[Caspar Weinberger|Caspar W. Weinberger]], giving him in-depth knowledge of classified military matters and making him a high-value hostage[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
It was feared that Higgins would be tortured to death by [[Hezbollah]] terrorists in their effort to extract classified information. The [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] believed his abduction had been carefully orchestrated by [[Imad Mughniyah]], the leader of Hezbollah's terrorist operations[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue