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9
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/Combat 18.md
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@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ start: 1992
end: 1998
location: "United Kingdom"
created: 2026-05-22
updated: 2026-05-22
summary: "Combat 18 was a British neo-Nazi paramilitary organisation founded in 1992 as a BNP stewarding group, responsible for numerous violent attacks and linked to international neo-Nazi networks and loyalist paramilitaries, proscribed by the UK Home Office in February 2020 under S.I. 2020/200."
updated: 2026-09-22
summary: "Combat 18 was a British neo-Nazi paramilitary organisation founded in 1992 as a BNP stewarding group, responsible for numerous violent attacks and linked to international neo-Nazi networks and loyalist paramilitaries, banned in Germany in January 2020 but not proscribed in the United Kingdom."
---
[[Combat 18]] (C18) was a British neo-Nazi paramilitary organisation founded in early 1992 by [[Charlie Sargent]] and [[Wilf Browning]], initially as a stewarding group for the [[British National Party]] to protect its events from anti-fascist counter-demonstrators. The name is a numerical reference to the initials of [[Adolf Hitler]] (A=1, H=8). C18 quickly developed an independent identity as an organisation committed to open violence rather than electoral politics, split from the BNP in 1993, and maintained documented connections to the [[Ulster Defence Association]] and international neo-Nazi networks throughout the mid-1990s. Its core leadership was destroyed by an internal feud that resulted in the murder of [[Christopher Castle]] in 1997 and the life imprisonment of Sargent and his associate [[Martin Cross]] in January 1998. The organisation was proscribed by the UK Home Office under the [[Terrorism Act 2000]] (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) Order 2020, S.I. 2020/200, which came into force in February 2020.[^1]
@ -58,13 +58,12 @@ Whether Sargent himself was also a police informant, as alleged by the World in
### Proscription
The UK Home Office proscribed Combat 18 under The Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) Order 2020, S.I. 2020/200. This came into force in February 2020, more than 22 years after C18's effective dissolution through the Sargent conviction. Germany had banned C18 in January 2020; Canada had listed it as a terrorist entity in June 2019. The UK proscription is legally significant because it creates membership offences under Section 11 of the Terrorism Act 2000 for anyone knowingly belonging to or professing membership of C18, and dissemination offences for distributing C18 material.[^1]
Combat 18 does not appear on the Home Office list of proscribed organisations, updated July 7, 2026. The Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) Order 2020, S.I. 2020/200, made on February 27, 2020, added the [[Sonnenkrieg Division]] to Schedule 2 and amended the entry for the [[Kurdistan Workers' Party]]; it did not name Combat 18. Germany had banned C18 in January 2020; Canada had listed it as a terrorist entity in June 2019.[^1]
The proscription of Combat 18 is notable in the context of O9A: the organisation in which [[David Myatt]] served as ideological figure was banned in 2020, while O9A, attributed to Myatt as its founder, has not been proscribed as of mid-2026.
### Footnotes
[^1]: The Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) Order 2020, S.I. 2020/200. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2020/200/contents/made; Proscribed terrorist groups or organisations, GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/proscribed-terror-groups-or-organisations--2
[^1]: The Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) Order 2020, S.I. 2020/200, art. 2. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2020/200/made; Home Office, "Proscribed terrorist groups or organisations," updated July 7, 2026, GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/proscribed-terror-groups-or-organisations--2
[^2]: Lowles, Nick. *White Riot: The Violent Story of Combat 18.* Milo Books, 2001.
[^3]: Counter Extremism Project. "Blood and Honour." https://www.counterextremism.com/supremacy/blood-honour-bh; Channel 4 News. "Ian Stuart Donaldson and a legacy of hate." https://www.channel4.com/news/ian-stuart-donaldson-a-legacy-of-hate
[^4]: Notes From The Borderland (Larry O'Hara). "Combat 18 and MI5: Some Background Notes." https://borderland.co.uk/combat-18-mi5-some-background-notes/; Lowles, *White Riot.*

33
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/INTERNATIONAL/MI6.md
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@ -7,33 +7,46 @@ tags:
- MI6
- SIS
- ColdWar
summary: "MI6 (the Secret Intelligence Service, SIS) is the United Kingdom's foreign intelligence service, whose operations documented in this vault include the joint 1953 CIA-MI6 coup in Iran, Cold War coordination with the CIA on Afghanistan and elsewhere, the Robert Maxwell-Mossad intelligence network, and the Arms-to-Iraq affair."
aliases:
- "Secret Intelligence Service"
- "SIS"
summary: "The United Kingdom's foreign intelligence service, put on a statutory footing in 1994, which ran the 1953 Iran coup with the CIA and employed the Soviet agent George Blake until 1961."
created: 2026-05-14
updated: 2026-05-14
updated: 2026-09-22
location: "London, United Kingdom"
relations:
- type: employed_by
with: "[[George Blake]]"
reverse: true
end: 1961
fn: 4
---
The [[Secret Intelligence Service]] (SIS), known popularly as MI6, is the [[United Kingdom]]'s foreign intelligence service, responsible for collecting intelligence from overseas sources. It operates under the authority of the [[Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office]] and reports to the Foreign Secretary, with parliamentary oversight through the Intelligence and Security Committee. Its legal basis was established by the Intelligence Services Act 1994. Its current headquarters, known as Vauxhall Cross, opened on the south bank of the Thames in [[London]] in 1994; the building's distinctive architecture made it a publicly known landmark, ending decades of official non-acknowledgment of SIS's existence.[^1]
The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), known popularly as MI6, is the [[United Kingdom]]'s foreign intelligence service, responsible for collecting intelligence from overseas sources. It operates under the authority of the [[Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office]] and reports to the Foreign Secretary, with parliamentary oversight through the Intelligence and Security Committee. The Intelligence Services Act 1994 provides that "there shall continue to be a Secret Intelligence Service" under the authority of the Secretary of State, with the functions of obtaining and providing information "relating to the actions or intentions of persons outside the British Islands" and performing "other tasks" relating to them, in the interests of national security, of "the economic well-being of the United Kingdom," or of the prevention or detection of serious crime.[^1] Its current headquarters, known as Vauxhall Cross, opened on the south bank of the Thames in [[London]] in 1994; the building's distinctive architecture made it a publicly known landmark, ending decades of official non-acknowledgment of SIS's existence.[^2]
### Origins and World War II
SIS traces its origins to the Secret Service Bureau established in 1909, which split in 1910 into domestic (later [[MI5]]) and foreign intelligence (later SIS) sections. During [[World War II]], SIS worked alongside the Special Operations Executive (SOE) and the American [[Office of Strategic Services]], forming the intelligence relationships - particularly with the United States - that became the post-war [[Five Eyes]] intelligence alliance. The [[UKUSA Agreement]] of 1946 formalized intelligence sharing between SIS's signals partner [[GCHQ]] and the American [[NSA|National Security Agency]].[^1]
SIS traces its origins to the Secret Service Bureau established in 1909, which split in 1910 into domestic (later [[MI5]]) and foreign intelligence (later SIS) sections. During [[World War II]], SIS worked alongside the Special Operations Executive (SOE) and the American [[Office of Strategic Services]], forming the intelligence relationships - particularly with the United States - that became the post-war [[Five Eyes]] intelligence alliance. The [[UKUSA Agreement]] of 1946 formalized intelligence sharing between SIS's signals partner [[GCHQ]] and the American [[NSA|National Security Agency]].[^2]
### Operation Boot: The Iran Coup
SIS's most historically significant joint operation with the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] was Operation Boot (the American component was called Operation Ajax) in August 1953. British and American intelligence officers, including SIS officer Norman Darbyshire and CIA officer [[Kermit Roosevelt Jr.]], organized a coup in [[Iran]] that removed elected Prime Minister [[Mohammad Mosaddegh]] and restored [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] to full power. The British motivation was primarily the recovery of nationalized [[Anglo-Persian Oil Company|Anglo-Iranian Oil Company]] assets; the American motivation was preventing a communist takeover. The operation established the template for Cold War covert regime change and the long-term relationship between the CIA and [[SAVAK]], the Shah's intelligence service.[^2]
SIS's most historically significant joint operation with the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] was Operation Boot (the American component was called Operation Ajax) in August 1953. British and American intelligence officers, including SIS officer Norman Darbyshire and CIA officer [[Kermit Roosevelt Jr.]], organized a coup in [[Iran]] that removed elected Prime Minister [[Mohammad Mosaddegh]] and restored [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] to full power. The British motivation was primarily the recovery of nationalized [[Anglo-Persian Oil Company|Anglo-Iranian Oil Company]] assets; the American motivation was preventing a communist takeover. The operation established the template for Cold War covert regime change and the long-term relationship between the CIA and [[SAVAK]], the Shah's intelligence service.[^3]
### Cold War Operations
SIS maintained liaison relationships with intelligence services across the [[Middle East]], Africa, and Asia throughout the Cold War. Its cooperation with Mossad - the [[Israel|Israeli]] intelligence service - is described in numerous memoirs and investigative accounts as extensive, covering operations in Arab states, Iranian intelligence assessments, and personnel exchanges. [[David Kimche]], the senior Mossad officer who initiated the Iran-Contra arms channel, was born in [[London]] and cultivated SIS relationships throughout his career.
SIS maintained liaison relationships with intelligence services across the [[Middle East]], Africa, and Asia throughout the Cold War. Its cooperation with Mossad - the [[Israel|Israeli]] intelligence service - is described in numerous memoirs and investigative accounts as extensive, covering operations in Arab states, Iranian intelligence assessments, and personnel exchanges. [[David Kimche]], the senior Mossad officer who initiated the Iran-Contra arms channel, was born in London and cultivated SIS relationships throughout his career.
In [[Afghanistan]], SIS coordinated with the CIA's [[Operation Cyclone]] through SAS training programs for mujahideen fighters during the Soviet occupation (1979-1989). The relationship between SIS and Pakistan's [[ISI]] during this period was close and operationally significant.[^1]
In [[Afghanistan]], SIS coordinated with the CIA's [[Operation Cyclone]] through SAS training programs for mujahideen fighters during the Soviet occupation (1979-1989). The relationship between SIS and Pakistan's [[ISI]] during this period was close and operationally significant.[^2]
[[George Blake]], an SIS officer who had worked for the KGB, was exposed in 1961 on information from the Polish defector Michał Goleniewski, confessed when confronted in April 1961, and was tried at the [[Old Bailey]] and sentenced to 42 years.[^4]
### Robert Maxwell
Multiple former intelligence officers, including [[Ari Ben-Menashe]] and [[Victor Ostrovsky]], asserted that press baron [[Robert Maxwell]] worked simultaneously for [[Mossad]] and had relationships with multiple Western intelligence services including SIS. Maxwell's access to senior British politicians, his publishing empire (which included scientific journals widely distributed in the Soviet bloc), and his Central European connections made him valuable to intelligence services. [[Nicholas Davies]], his [[Daily Mirror]] foreign editor, was accused of operating as a Mossad asset. SIS's relationship with Maxwell was not officially confirmed.[^2]
Multiple former intelligence officers, including [[Ari Ben-Menashe]] and [[Victor Ostrovsky]], asserted that press baron [[Robert Maxwell]] worked simultaneously for [[Mossad]] and had relationships with multiple Western intelligence services including SIS. Maxwell's access to senior British politicians, his publishing empire (which included scientific journals widely distributed in the Soviet bloc), and his Central European connections made him valuable to intelligence services. [[Nicholas Davies]], his [[Daily Mirror]] foreign editor, was accused of operating as a Mossad asset. SIS's relationship with Maxwell was not officially confirmed.[^3]
### Footnotes
[^1]: "Secret Intelligence Service (SIS/MI6)," UK Government. https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/secret-intelligence-service
[^2]: Dorril, Stephen. *MI6: Inside the Covert World of Her Majesty's Secret Intelligence Service.* Free Press, 2000.
[^1]: Intelligence Services Act 1994, c. 13, s. 1. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/13/section/1
[^2]: "Secret Intelligence Service (SIS/MI6)," UK Government. https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/secret-intelligence-service
[^3]: Dorril, Stephen. *MI6: Inside the Covert World of Her Majesty's Secret Intelligence Service.* Free Press, 2000.
[^4]: Weiner, Tim. *Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA.* Doubleday, 2007; Murphy, David E., Sergei A. Kondrashev, and George Bailey. *Battleground Berlin: CIA vs. KGB in the Cold War.* Yale University Press, 1997.

53
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/INTERNATIONAL/Old Bailey.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
---
category: "Law Enforcement & Legal"
aliases:
- "Central Criminal Court"
tags:
- Organization
- UK
- London
- Court
summary: "The Central Criminal Court in the City of London, where George Blake, the Matrix Churchill directors, the Maxwell brothers and the National Action and Sonnenkrieg Division defendants were tried."
location: "Old Bailey, City of London"
relations:
- type: owned
with: "[[City of London Corporation]]"
reverse: true
fn: 1
created: 2026-09-22
updated: 2026-09-22
---
The Central Criminal Court, "universally known as the Old Bailey," is a crown court centre in the [[City of London]] that hears cases from the City and Greater [[London]] and cases remitted to it from elsewhere in England and Wales. The [[City of London Corporation]] owns and administers the building, and the central chair in each of its courts is reserved for the Lord Mayor. Its courthouses have stood on the line of the Roman city wall beside Newgate prison; a courthouse completed in 1785 was enlarged in 1824, and ten years later an Act of Parliament extended the court's jurisdiction beyond the City and Middlesex to parts of Essex, Surrey and Kent and to British ships on the high seas. The present building, designed by Edward Mountford, was opened by King Edward VII in 1907, restored and enlarged after air-raid damage in 1941, and damaged again by an IRA car bomb in the 1970s.[^1] The act of 1834 is the Central Criminal Court Act, 4 & 5 Will. 4, c. 36.[^2]
### Espionage and State Secrets
[[George Blake]], the [[MI6]] officer who had worked for the Soviet Union, was exposed in 1961, tried at the Old Bailey, convicted on five counts of passing information useful to an enemy, and sentenced to 42 years, then the longest term imposed by a British court.[^3] In 1992 three directors of the machine-tool maker [[Matrix Churchill]], bought in 1987 by a holding company controlled from [[Baghdad]] by [[Iraq]]'s [[Ministry of Industry and Military Industrialization]], were tried there for deceiving the export licensing authorities; the trial collapsed, and the collapse produced the [[Scott Inquiry]].[^4][^5]
### The Maxwell Pensions
[[Kevin Maxwell]] and [[Ian Maxwell]], sons of [[Robert Maxwell]], were prosecuted by the [[Serious Fraud Office]] over the removal of the Mirror Group pension funds' assets and tried at the Old Bailey; in January 1996, after a trial of about eight months, the jury acquitted both of conspiracy to defraud, and in September 1996 prosecutors decided not to pursue a second trial against Kevin.[^6][^7]
### Terrorism Trials
David Copeland, the London nail bomber, was convicted at the Old Bailey on June 30, 2000, of three murders by nail bomb and sentenced to six life terms.[^8] Prosecutions under the [[Terrorism Act 2000]] followed. The first wave of [[National Action]] prosecutions ended in convictions there in July 2018.[^9] On June 18, 2019, Judge Rebecca Poulet QC sentenced [[Michael Szewczuk]] and [[Oskar Dunn-Koczorowski]] of the [[Sonnenkrieg Division]], calling their material "abhorrent as well as criminal by reason of their clear intention to encourage terrorist acts."[^10] [[Jacek Tchorzewski]] pleaded guilty there on June 21, 2019; [[Harry Vaughan]] was sentenced there in November 2020 by Mr Justice Sweeney, who called him "a dangerous offender"; and a Cornish teenager of the [[Feuerkrieg Division]], whom the [[Crown Prosecution Service]] called Britain's youngest terrorist, received a youth rehabilitation order there in February 2021.[^11][^12][^13] [[Benjamin Hannam]], a serving [[Metropolitan Police]] constable, was convicted there of National Action membership on April 1, 2021, and the Sonnenkrieg founder [[Andrew Dymock]] of fifteen counts in June 2021.[^14][^15] Danyal Hussein was convicted there on July 6, 2021, of murdering the sisters Bibaa Henry and Nicole Smallman, and [[Cameron Finnigan]] was sentenced there on January 16, 2025.[^16][^17]
### Footnotes
[^1]: City of London Corporation, "Central Criminal Court." https://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/about-us/law-historic-governance/central-criminal-court
[^2]: Central Criminal Court Act 1834, 4 & 5 Will. 4, c. 36, legislation.gov.uk record (text not examined). https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Will4/4-5/36/contents
[^3]: Weiner, Tim. *Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA.* Doubleday, 2007; Murphy, David E., Sergei A. Kondrashev, and George Bailey. *Battleground Berlin: CIA vs. KGB in the Cold War.* Yale University Press, 1997.
[^4]: Gonzalez, Henry B. "Details on Iraq's Procurement Network," *Congressional Record,* House, August 10, 1992. https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/congress/1992_cr/h920810g.htm
[^5]: "Britain's 'Iraqgate': Major Woes," *The Christian Science Monitor,* November 12, 1992.
[^6]: "Media Magnate Maxwell's Sons Acquitted of Charges They Raided Pension Fund," *The Washington Post,* January 20, 1996. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1996/01/20/media-magnate-maxwells-sons-acquitted-of-charges-they-raided-pension-fund/1841c6cf-8340-4e9e-876c-9f862b4685b5/
[^7]: "Unravelling the Web," *Pensions Archive Trust,* November 3, 2021. https://pensionsarchive.org.uk/2021/11/03/unravelling-the-web/
[^8]: "Soho bomber David Copeland loses appeal over sentence," *PinkNews,* July 1, 2011. https://www.thepinknews.com/2011/07/01/soho-bomber-david-copeland-loses-appeal-over-sentence/
[^9]: Crown Prosecution Service. "Co-founder of right-wing terror group convicted." May 2022. https://www.cps.gov.uk/cps/news/co-founder-right-wing-terror-group-convicted
[^10]: "Two British teens just convicted for promoting far-right terrorism online." *The Washington Post,* June 18, 2019.
[^11]: Campaign Against Antisemitism. "Hitler-loving neo-Nazi who said it was his 'dream' to create a bloodbath arrested at Luton Airport and sentenced to four years." September 2019.
[^12]: "Teenage Satanist neo-Nazi avoids jail after admitting 14 terror offences." *ITV News London,* November 2, 2020. https://www.itv.com/news/london/2020-11-02/teenage-satanist-neo-nazi-harry-vaughan-sentenced-for-terror-offences
[^13]: Crown Prosecution Service. "Youngest British terrorist sentenced for neo-Nazi manuals stash." February 2021. https://www.cps.gov.uk/cps/news/youngest-british-terrorist-sentenced-neo-nazi-manuals-stash
[^14]: Crown Prosecution Service. "Police officer guilty of membership of banned group and terrorism offences." April 1, 2021. https://www.cps.gov.uk/cps/news/police-officer-guilty-membership-banned-group-and-terrorism-offences
[^15]: Tell MAMA UK. "Neo-Nazi student to be sentenced for terrorism and hate offences." 2021. https://tellmamauk.org/neo-nazi-student-to-be-sentenced-for-terrorism-and-hate-offences/
[^16]: "Campaigners renew call to ban Nazi-occultist group following Satanist murders of two sisters." *GB News,* 2021.
[^17]: R v Cameron Finnigan, Sentencing Remarks, Central Criminal Court, January 16, 2025, Mr Justice Jay. https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/R-v-Finnigan.pdf

3
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/California Attorney General's Office.md
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@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ category: "U.S. Government"
summary: "The California Attorney General's Office is the chief law enforcement agency for the state of California."
start: 1850
location: "Sacramento, California"
updated: 2026-09-22
---
The [[California Attorney General's Office]] is the chief law enforcement agency for the state of [[California]]. It is mentioned in the context of [[Ron Van Meter]] reporting drug dealing and other forms of corruption within the Mariposa Sheriff's Department to this office in Sacramento. Upon his return, Van Meter was confronted by Sheriff [[Paul Paige]], who had been informed by the Attorney General of Van Meter's visit and its contents.[^1]
@ -16,4 +17,4 @@ Three consecutive grand jury foremen sought help from the [[California Attorney
---
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. Sole source for the passages so cited.

4
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence.md
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@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ After *Parade* published "[[Psychic Spying]]" on August 7, 1977, the committee a
### Other Records
In 2021 classified versions of the intelligence community's assessment of domestic violent extremism were briefed to the House and Senate intelligence committees.[^7] [[Jim Himes]], its ranking member in 2026, appeared that year on a leaked membership list of [[Peter Thiel]]'s Dialog society.[^8]
In March 1998 CIA Inspector General [[Fred Hitz]] testified to the committee on the agency's relationships with Contra supporters involved in drug trafficking.[^10] On May 11, 2000, the committee released a unanimously adopted report on the allegations of [[Gary Webb]]'s [[Dark Alliance]] series, finding that the evidence did not support the implication "that the CIA was responsible for the crack epidemic in [[Los Angeles]] or anywhere else in the United States to further the cause of the Contra war in [[Central America]]."[^9] In 2021 classified versions of the intelligence community's assessment of domestic violent extremism were briefed to the House and Senate intelligence committees.[^7] [[Jim Himes]], its ranking member in 2026, appeared that year on a leaked membership list of [[Peter Thiel]]'s Dialog society.[^8]
### Footnotes
@ -49,3 +49,5 @@ In 2021 classified versions of the intelligence community's assessment of domest
[^6]: Executive Director for Intelligence Community Affairs to Larry Combest, Chairman, Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, March 28, 1995, CIA-RDP96-00791R000100040002-2.
[^7]: Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Department of Justice and Department of Homeland Security. "Domestic Violent Extremism Poses Heightened Threat in 2021." Unclassified summary, March 17, 2021.
[^8]: Cameron, Dell, and Yulia Almazova. "Leak Exposes Members of Peter Thiel's Secretive 'Dialog' Society." *WIRED,* June 16, 2026.
[^9]: *Survey of Activities of the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence During the 106th Congress,* H. Rept. 106-1054, 2001, "CIA Drug Trafficking Investigation," citing the committee print *Report on the Central Intelligence Agency's Alleged Involvement in Crack Cocaine Trafficking in the Los Angeles Area,* February 2000. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CRPT-106hrpt1054/html/CRPT-106hrpt1054.htm
[^10]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998, epilogue.

72
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Internal Revenue Service.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
---
category: "U.S. Government"
aliases:
- "IRS"
tags:
- Organization
- USGovernment
- Treasury
- Tax
summary: "Treasury agency that administers the internal revenue laws; its Operation Tradewinds used informants and a stolen briefcase against Bahamian banks before being called off amid reported CIA objections."
location: "1111 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, D.C."
relations:
- type: investigated
with: "[[Castle Bank and Trust]]"
start: 1972
end: 1976
fn: 2
- type: informant_for
with: "[[Norman Casper]]"
reverse: true
role: "informant TW-24, Operation Tradewinds"
start: 1972
end: 1973
fn: 2
- type: employed_by
with: "[[William Kolar]]"
reverse: true
role: "chief of IRS intelligence"
fn: 3
- type: employed_by
with: "[[Robert Garder Terrell]]"
reverse: true
role: "appeals officer"
fn: 11
- type: employed_by
with: "[[Peter Videnieks]]"
reverse: true
fn: 12
created: 2026-09-22
updated: 2026-09-22
---
The Internal Revenue Service is the agency through which the [[Treasury Department|Secretary of the Treasury]] administers the federal tax laws. Section 7801 of the Internal Revenue Code gives the secretary "full authority to administer and enforce the internal revenue laws" and "the power to create an agency to enforce these laws"; in the service's own words, "the IRS was created based on this legislative grant." Section 7803 provides for a Commissioner of Internal Revenue "to administer and supervise the execution and application of the internal revenue laws." Its main office is at 1111 Constitution Avenue NW in [[Washington, D.C.]][^1]
### Operation Tradewinds
"In 1965, the Internal Revenue Service launched an investigation into the financial activities of American citizens in the Bahamas," the [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] recorded in 1980; the project, [[Operation Tradewinds|Operation Trade Winds]], was run from [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]].[^2] In 1966 senior officers of IRS intelligence met [[Henry Petersen]] of the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]]'s organized crime section to arrange "special handling" of evidence obtained in ways that "violated Bahamian laws." The intelligence chief, [[William Kolar]], later went to work with the Justice Department lawyers [[Robert Peloquin]] and [[William Hundley]] at [[Intertel]], a subsidiary of the company that owned the casino on [[Paradise Island]].[^3]
In 1972 the operation turned to the [[Castle Bank and Trust]]. On January 15, 1973, [[Norman Casper]], a former [[Wackenhut Corporation|Wackenhut]] agent paid as informant TW-24 and working for Special Agent [[Richard Jaffe]], took a bank officer's briefcase from a [[Miami]] apartment and had some 400 documents photographed at an IRS agent's house before returning it; the IRS paid him 8,000 dollars in cash. A federal judge called the conduct "outrageous" in 1977. Chief Justice [[Warren Burger]], concurring in the decision that reversed the suppression of the evidence, wrote that it "should not be read as condoning the conduct of the IRS 'private investigators,'" and the Court noted that after a congressional inquiry in 1976 "the Commissioner of Internal Revenue 'called off' Operation Trade Winds."[^2] [[The Wall Street Journal]] reported in 1980 that the tax cases had been dropped at the request of the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]], for which the bank's founder, [[Paul Helliwell]], had moved money.[^4]
### Exempt Organizations
After Representative [[Wayne Hays]] demanded in 1954 that the exemption of [[H.L. Hunt]]'s [[Facts Forum]] be lifted, the IRS gave it what the trade weekly *Broadcasting-Telecasting* called "a clean bill of health."[^5] It later revoked the exemption of the Coalition for Freedom, run by [[Thomas F. Ellis]], for political activity and private benefit to insiders.[^6] The Forms 990 that exempt bodies file with the service are the record from which [[Barry Mehler]] compiled the grants of the [[Pioneer Fund]] from 1971 to 1996, and from which the paid trustees of [[In-Q-Tel]], among them [[George Tenet]] and Admiral [[Mike Mullen]], are known.[^7][^8]
### Other Cases
In 1994 [[Nelson Bunker Hunt]] and [[William Herbert Hunt]] paid about 160 million dollars, most of it to the IRS.[^9] In July 2023 Senator [[Ron Wyden]], chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, opened an inquiry into the roughly 158 million dollars that [[Leon Black]] had paid [[Jeffrey Epstein]] between 2012 and 2017 for tax, trust and estate-planning advice, and in July 2025 said the work deserved an IRS examination.[^10] Among former employees, [[Robert Garder Terrell]], spokesman and financial manager of [[The Finders]], had been an IRS appeals officer, and [[Peter Videnieks]], the Justice Department contracting officer on the [[PROMIS]] contract with [[Inslaw]], had worked for the service.[^11][^12]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Internal Revenue Service, "The Agency, its Mission and Statutory Authority." https://www.irs.gov/about-irs/the-agency-its-mission-and-statutory-authority
[^2]: United States v. Payner, 447 U.S. 727 (1980), including the dissent of Marshall, J.; United States v. Payner, 434 F. Supp. 113 (N.D. Ohio 1977); House Committee on Government Operations, *Oversight Hearings into the Operations of the IRS (Operation Tradewinds, Project Haven, and Narcotics Traffickers Tax Program),* 94th Cong., 1st Sess., 1975.
[^3]: Hougan, Jim. *Spooks: The Haunting of America: The Private Use of Secret Agents*. William Morrow, 1978, pp. 382-383.
[^4]: Drinkhall, Jim. "IRS vs. CIA: Big Tax Investigation Was Quietly Scuttled by Intelligence Agency," *The Wall Street Journal,* April 18, 1980, CIA Reading Room document CIA-RDP90-01208R000100100061-5.
[^5]: Facts Forum, pamphlet in reply to Representative Wayne Hays, c. 1954, reproduced in the FBI headquarters file on H.L. Hunt, part 1, https://archive.org/details/H.L.Hunt; Sherrill, Robert G. "H.L. Hunt: Portrait of a Superpatriot," *The Nation,* February 24, 1964.
[^6]: Edsall, Thomas B., and David A. Vise. "CBS Fight a Litmus Test for Conservatives," *The Washington Post,* March 31, 1985, p. 1.
[^7]: Mehler, Barry, comp. "Pioneer Fund Grants, 1971-1996," Institute for the Study of Academic Racism, compiled from Internal Revenue Service Forms 990.
[^8]: In-Q-Tel, Inc., Internal Revenue Service Form 990, fiscal years 2011 to 2025, via ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer.
[^9]: Gwynne, S.C. "Bunker Hunt," *Texas Monthly,* September 2001. https://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/bunker-hunt/
[^10]: U.S. Senate Committee on Finance, "Wyden Unveils Ongoing Investigation into Private Equity Billionaire Leon Black's Tax Planning and Financial Ties with Jeffrey Epstein," July 25, 2023, https://www.finance.senate.gov/chairmans-news/wyden-unveils-ongoing-investigation-into-private-equity-billionaire-leon-blacks-tax-planning-and-financial-ties-with-jeffrey-epstein ; "Leon Black's $158 Million Sent to Epstein Draws Senate Probe." *Bloomberg,* July 25, 2023.
[^11]: Witkin, Gordon, Peter Cary, and Angel Martinez. "Through a glass, very darkly: Cops, spies and a very odd investigation." *U.S. News & World Report,* December 27, 1993 / January 3, 1994; Dean, Eddie. "Finders' Keeper." *Washington City Paper*, May 24, 1996. https://washingtoncitypaper.com/article/287890/finders-keeper/
[^12]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. Sole source for the passages so cited.

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@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
---
category: "Law Enforcement & Legal"
aliases:
- "Witness Security Program"
- "WITSEC"
tags:
- Program
- USGovernment
- USMarshals
- DepartmentOfJustice
summary: "Federal Witness Security Program run by the U.S. Marshals Service since 1971, which relocated the DINA assassin Michael Townley under another name after his Letelier plea."
location: "United States"
start: 1971
relations:
- type: participant_in
with: "[[Michael Townley]]"
reverse: true
role: "protected witness"
fn: 2
created: 2026-09-22
updated: 2026-09-22
---
The Witness Security Program, which the [[United States Marshals Service|U.S. Marshals Service]] says is "sometimes referred to as the 'Witness Protection Program,'" protects witnesses whose lives are in danger because of their testimony against drug traffickers, terrorists, organized crime and other major criminals. It "was authorized by the Organized Crime Control Act of 1970 and amended by the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984," and by the Marshals Service's count has "protected, relocated, and given new identities to more than 19,250 witnesses and their family members, since the program began in 1971." Candidates are vetted by the sponsoring law enforcement agency, the sponsoring U.S. Attorney, the Marshals Service and the [[Department of Justice]]'s Office of Enforcement Operations, "which makes the final determination." The service states that no participant following its guidelines "has ever been harmed or killed."[^1]
### Michael Townley
[[Michael Townley]], the American-born agent of the Chilean secret police [[DINA]] who planted the car bombs that killed General [[Carlos Prats]] in [[Buenos Aires]] in 1974 and [[Orlando Letelier]] in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] in 1976, pleaded guilty in Washington in August 1978 and testified against DINA's chief [[Manuel Contreras]], [[Armando Fernandez Larios|Armando Fernández Larios]] and five Cubans. He was sentenced to ten years, served 62 months, and has since lived in the [[United States]] under another name in the program.[^2][^3] In 1983 Prats's daughters Sofía and Angélica went to Washington with Argentine lawyers to seek his extradition; a federal judge ruled that his plea agreement prevented it.[^3]
### Michael Riconosciuto
[[Michael Riconosciuto]], arrested in March 1991 on charges of running a methamphetamine laboratory, eight days after signing an affidavit on the [[PROMIS]] software, tried repeatedly to trade information with the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], the [[Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms|BATF]] and the [[Financial Crimes Enforcement Network]] for entry into the program, offering to hand over "[[The Company]]" and [[Robert Booth Nichols]]. The former FBI agent [[Ted Gunderson]] tried to broker his admission. Nothing came of the approaches.[^4]
### Footnotes
[^1]: U.S. Marshals Service, "Witness Security," archived September 22, 2026. http://web.archive.org/web/20260922082044/https://www.usmarshals.gov/what-we-do/witness-security
[^2]: Kornbluh, Peter, ed. "The Pinochet Dictatorship Declassified: Confessions of a DINA Hit Man," National Security Archive, November 22, 2023. https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/chile/2023-11-22/pinochet-dictatorship-declassified-confessions-dina-hit-man
[^3]: Kornbluh, Peter, ed. "The Pinochet Regime at 50: The Assassination of General Carlos Prats and Sofía Cuthbert," National Security Archive, October 1, 2024. https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/chile/2024-10-01/pinochet-regime-50-assassination-general-carlos-prats-and-sofia
[^4]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. Sole source for the passages so cited.

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@ -16,75 +16,75 @@ Federal agencies, military branches, law enforcement, and government offices of
| Name | Description |
| --- | --- |
| [[Advanced Research Projects Agency]] | The Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) was a U.S. government agency responsible for funding and overseeing advanced technological research. It is now known as DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency).[^1] |
| [[Advanced Research Projects Agency]] | The Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), now known as DARPA, was a U.S. government agency that funded advanced technological research including early classified investigations into psychic phenomena during the Cold War. |
| [[Air Force Technical Applications Center]] | The Air Force Technical Applications Center (AFTAC) is a unit of the United States Air Force responsible for operating and maintaining a global network of sensors to detect nuclear explosions. |
| [[All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office]] | The All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) is the official office within the United States Department of Defense tasked with investigating Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP). |
| [[Arms Control and Disarmament Agency]] | The Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA) was a U.S. government agency responsible for arms control and disarmament policy. Charles N. Van Doren served as its deputy general counsel during the Richard M. Nixon administration. |
| [[Army Intelligence Agency]] | The Army Intelligence Agency (USAINTA) was a component of the U.S. Army's intelligence apparatus. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, it is mentioned as merging with the Army Security Agency (ASA) to form the all-in-one United States... |
| [[Arms Control and Disarmament Agency]] | The Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA) was a U.S. government agency responsible for nuclear and conventional arms control policy, whose deputy general counsel Charles N. Van Doren contributed to proliferation discussions including the Gilpatric report. |
| [[Army Intelligence Agency]] | The Army Intelligence Agency (USAINTA) was a component of the U.S. Army's intelligence apparatus that merged with the Army Security Agency in 1977 to form INSCOM, under whose structure Edmund Thompson oversaw the Grill Flame remote viewing program. |
| [[Army Security Agency]] | The Army Security Agency (ASA) was a U.S. Army organization responsible for signals intelligence and communications security. |
| [[Atomic Energy Commission]] | An Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) is a governmental body responsible for the oversight and regulation of nuclear energy and related activities within a country. |
| [[California Attorney General's Office]] | The California Attorney General's Office is the chief law enforcement agency for the state of California. |
| [[California Highway Patrol]] | The California Highway Patrol is the state police agency of California. It was involved in the investigation of the 'Queen's accident' on March 5, 1983, a head-on collision involving a Mariposa County Sheriff's vehicle and a Secret Service car. |
| [[Central Intelligence Agency]] | The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a primary intelligence-gathering organization of the United States government. |
| [[California Highway Patrol]] | The California Highway Patrol is California's state police agency whose investigation of the 1983 'Queen's accident' - a collision involving a Mariposa County Sheriff's vehicle and a Secret Service car - was reportedly suppressed after the state Attorney General's office discarded its report. |
| [[Central Intelligence Agency]] | The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is the principal U.S. civilian foreign intelligence service, established by the National Security Act of 1947 and headquartered at Langley, Virginia. |
| [[Collins Elite]] | The Collins Elite is the name given by Luis Elizondo to a powerful, shadowy group of religious fundamentalists within the Department of Defense (DoD) who allegedly worked to sabotage the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP) and... |
| [[Criminal Investigation Division]] | The Criminal Investigation Division typically refers to the Criminal Investigation Division or Department within military or police forces. It is responsible for investigating felony crimes and other serious offenses within its jurisdiction.[^1] |
| [[Criminal Investigation Division]] | The Criminal Investigation Division (CID) is the investigative branch responsible for serious crimes within military and police jurisdictions, whose Army division is connected in this vault to figures in the Octopus network including Roderick Sinclair Jr. |
| [[DARPA]] | The DARPA (DARPA) is the modern name for the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). It is a research and development agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of emerging technologies for use by the... |
| [[DEA]] | The Drug Enforcement Administration was the principal federal anti-narcotics agency that possessed extensive knowledge of Danilo Blandón's cocaine trafficking as early as 1981 yet took no action while he received U.S. political asylum. |
| [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] | The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) is a major intelligence agency of the United States, specializing in defense and military intelligence. |
| [[Democratic Party]] | The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States. Abraham Feinberg was perhaps the most important Jewish fundraiser for the Democratic Party by the presidential campaign of 1960, with the dollars he... |
| [[Democratic Party]] | The Democratic Party is one of the two major American political parties, whose presidential campaigns from 1960 onward were substantially funded by Abraham Feinberg - the most important Jewish fundraiser for the party - in exchange for continued Democratic support for Israel. |
| [[Department of Defense]] | The Department of Defense (DoD) is an executive branch department of the U.S. federal government charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government concerned directly with national security and the United States... |
| [[Department of Justice]] | The Department of Justice launched an internal inquiry in 1993 into CIA involvement with The Finders and a potential FBI coverup of the group's operations. The inquiry was initiated after the Department received a copy of the U.S. |
| [[Department of Justice]] | The federal department of prosecutors, the FBI, the DEA and the U.S. Attorneys, in the vault the defendant in the INSLAW case, the obstructor found by the BCCI and BNL inquiries, the CIA's partner in the 1954 and 1982 understandings on prosecution, and the investigator of The Finders. |
| [[Director of Central Intelligence]] | The Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) was a dual-hatted position that served as both the head of the U.S. intelligence community and the director of the Central Intelligence Agency from 1946 to 2005. |
| [[DOTBCA]] | The Department of Transportation Board of Contract Appeals (DOTBCA) was the forum where various disputes and related claims arising under the implementation contract between Inslaw Corporation and the United States Department of Justice were pending. |
| [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] | The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency. |
| [[Financial Crimes Enforcement Network]] | The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network is a bureau of the United States Department of the Treasury that collects and analyzes information about financial transactions to combat domestic and international money laundering, terrorist financing, and... |
| [[Iran Group]] | The Iran Group was a Central Intelligence Agency group headed by Robert Gates. It was created as a result of the October 1980 Paris meeting, and its members, including George Cave, were involved with Israel in arms sales to Iran.[^1] |
| [[Iran Group]] | The Iran Group was a CIA unit created after the October 1980 Paris meeting, headed by Robert Gates, whose members including George Cave coordinated arms sales to Iran through Israeli intermediaries. |
| [[Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory]] | The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) is a not-for-profit university-affiliated research center that serves as a technical resource for the Department of Defense, NASA, and other government agencies. |
| [[Laguna Beach Police Department]] | The Laguna Beach Police Department employed Ron Lister, a former officer who became Danilo Blandón's partner in drug trafficking and weapons procurement with claimed CIA connections. |
| [[LAPD]] | Municipal police department that witnessed but failed to identify the emergence of crack cocaine in South Central L.A. in 1982. |
| [[LASD Major Violators]] | Elite narcotics units of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department that investigated the Blandon-Ross cocaine network and were considered among the best drug detectives in the nation. |
| [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] | Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is a U.S. federal research facility located in Livermore, California. It is one of the two primary institutions responsible for America's nuclear weapons research and development. |
| [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] | Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is a U.S. federal research facility in Livermore, California, serving alongside Los Alamos as one of the two primary institutions responsible for American nuclear weapons research and development. |
| [[LEAA]] | The Law Enforcement Assistance Administration was funded by a 1968 omnibus crime bill from Lyndon B. Johnson and provided hundreds of millions of dollars of grants for programs to further law enforcement and judicial assistance within the United... |
| [[Los Angeles County Sheriff's Office]] | The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department played a key role in investigating the Contra-connected cocaine network, arresting Danilo Blandón before being ordered to release him and return seized evidence. |
| [[NAMRL]] | The United States Navy Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory (NAMRL) at NAMRU-D conducts basic and applied research and development in the biomedical and allied sciences to better understand and mitigate challenges and threats aerospace operational... |
| [[NAMRU-D]] | The United States Navy Medical Research Unit Dayton is one of the eight laboratories within the Department of Defense's Navy Medicine Research & Development Enterprise. |
| [[National Center for Prosecution Management]] | In December of 1971, LEAA provided $292,925 to form the National Center for Prosecution Management, a nonprofit that was to act as the onboarding organization to get municipalities to convert to PROMIS. |
| [[National Center for Prosecution Management]] | The National Center for Prosecution Management was a nonprofit corporation established by the Department of Justice with LEAA funding in December 1971 to provide technical and management assistance to prosecutors nationwide, promote adoption of the PROMIS software system, and conduct research on the prosecution function, with Joan E. Jacoby as its first Executive Director. |
| [[National Photo Interpretation Center]] | The National Photo Interpretation Center (NPIC) was a U.S. intelligence agency established in December 1961, with Arthur C. Lundahl in charge. |
| [[National Security Council]] | The National Security Council (NSC) is the principal forum used by the President of the United States for considering national security and foreign policy matters with senior advisors and Cabinet officials.[^1] |
| [[National Security Council]] | Principal presidential forum for national security and foreign policy matters that under the Reagan administration became an operational intelligence agency running Oliver North's illegal Contra supply network. |
| [[NSA]] | The National Security Agency (NSA) is a U.S. intelligence agency primarily responsible for signals intelligence (SIGINT) and cybersecurity. |
| [[Nuclear Intelligence Panel]] | The Nuclear Intelligence Panel (NIP) is a highly classified nuclear intelligence group within the U.S. government. Its members, including Harold M. Agnew and Louis H. Roddis, Jr. |
| [[Nuclear Intelligence Panel]] | The Nuclear Intelligence Panel (NIP) was a highly classified U.S. government nuclear intelligence group whose members, including Harold M. Agnew, concluded that the 1979 VELA satellite flash was a nuclear detonation and were dismayed by White House interference in their investigation. |
| [[Nuclear Regulatory Commission]] | The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is a U.S. government agency established in 1975, formed when the Atomic Energy Commission was dissolved. |
| [[Office of Crime Analysis of the District of Columbia]] | The Office of Crime Analysis, Government of the District of Columbia seems to have been a very small governmental research group. |
| [[Office of Crime Analysis of the District of Columbia]] | The Office of Crime Analysis of the District of Columbia was a DC government research unit whose Director, Joan E. Jacoby, co-led the 1969 team that commissioned and designed the PROMIS software under a $60,000 LEAA grant, and later administered the National Center for Prosecution Management. |
| [[Office of Naval Research]] | The Office of Naval Research (ONR) is an agency within the U.S. Navy responsible for the science and technology programs of the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps. |
| [[Office of Research and Development (CIA)]] | The Office of Research and Development (CIA) (ORD) was a more scientifically oriented office within the Central Intelligence Agency's Directorate of Science and Technology. |
| [[Office of Science and Technology]] | Office of Science and Technology (OST) was a unit within the Central Intelligence Agency. By the mid-1960s, it was headed by Carl E. Duckett. |
| [[Office of Special Investigations]] | The Office of Special Investigations (OSI) is an organizational unit within the Criminal Division of the United States Department of Justice. Its publicly declared mission is to locate and deport Nazi war criminals. |
| [[Office of Strategic Services]] | The Office of Strategic Services (OSS) was a wartime intelligence agency of the United States during World War II. |
| [[Office of Technical Service]] | The Office of Technical Service (OTS) was a division within the Central Intelligence Agency responsible for technical assistance to spying and covert-action operations. It was previously known as the Technical Services Division (TSD). |
| [[Office of Science and Technology]] | The Office of Science and Technology (OST) was a CIA unit headed from the mid-1960s by Carl E. Duckett that served as the routing point for intelligence on Israel's nuclear program from national laboratories including Lawrence Livermore and Los Alamos. |
| [[Office of Special Investigations]] | The Office of Special Investigations (OSI) is a DOJ unit whose stated mission is to locate and deport Nazi war criminals, but which INSLAW alleged in 1994 was a covert DOJ intelligence agency involved in PROMIS software distribution and the death of Danny Casolaro. |
| [[Office of Strategic Services]] | The Office of Strategic Services (OSS) was the U.S. wartime intelligence and covert operations agency (1942-1945) founded by General William Donovan on British Security Coordination templates, dissolved by Truman in 1945 and reconstituted as the CIA in 1947. |
| [[Office of Technical Service]] | The Office of Technical Service (OTS) was a CIA division responsible for technical support to covert-action operations, previously known as the Technical Services Division (TSD), often described as the agency's 'Q Branch' for developing spy tradecraft and surveillance tools. |
| [[Office of the Comptroller of the Currency]] | The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) is a U.S. government agency responsible for regulating and supervising all national banks and federal savings associations.[^1] |
| [[Operations Security Group]] | The Operations Security Group (Opsec) was a U.S. Army unit based at Fort Meade, Maryland, whose primary task was to protect sensitive operations from foreign espionage. This involved acting as a 'Red-Team,' literally spying on U.S. |
| [[Pentagon]] | The Pentagon is the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It is the central location for the command and control of the U.S. |
| [[Operations Security Group]] | The Operations Security Group (OPSEC) was a Fort Meade-based U.S. Army unit that red-teamed U.S. military and intelligence operations by spying on American facilities to identify vulnerabilities exploitable by foreign intelligence services. |
| [[Pentagon]] | The Pentagon is the headquarters of the U.S. Department of Defense, which administered the AATIP program and several classified research programs including STARGATE's successor activities and UAP investigation units. |
| [[Sandia National Laboratories]] | Sandia National Laboratories is a U.S. national laboratory that conducts research and development in nuclear weapons and other areas. |
| [[Securities and Exchange Commission]] | The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is a U.S. government agency responsible for regulating the securities markets and protecting investors.[^1] |
| [[Staff D]] | Staff D was a cryptically named office within the Central Intelligence Agency specializing in small-scale SIGINT collection. It often worked closely with the Office of Technical Service (OTS). |
| [[Staff D]] | Staff D was a CIA office specializing in small-scale SIGINT collection that worked closely with the Office of Technical Service and conducted wire-tapping and communications interception operations during the Cold War. |
| [[State Department]] | The State Department serves as the federal executive department responsible for the United States' foreign policy and international relations. |
| [[Strategic Air Command]] | The Strategic Air Command (SAC) was a United States Air Force command responsible for the nation's strategic nuclear deterrence. |
| [[Task Force 157]] | Task Force 157 was a small, undercover U.S. Navy intelligence unit. During the 1973 Yom Kippur War, operating in the waters of the Bosporus off Turkey, it relayed data to Washington D.C. |
| [[U.S. Air Force]] | The U.S. Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, the Air Force was a key customer for the Stargate Project program, tasking remote viewers with sensitive... |
| [[U.S. Army]] | Obviously this is an enormous organization within the larger umbrella of the Department of Defense and well beyond the scope of a single information page. With that said, the U.S. |
| [[Task Force 157]] | Task Force 157 was a small covert U.S. Navy intelligence unit that operated in the Bosporus during the 1973 Yom Kippur War and was later managed by Edwin Wilson before he was convicted of illegal arms trafficking. |
| [[U.S. Air Force]] | The U.S. Air Force is the aerial warfare branch of the U.S. military and a primary customer for the STARGATE remote viewing program, tasking viewers with sensitive targeting and strategic intelligence missions. |
| [[U.S. Army]] | The U.S. Army is the primary ground combat branch of the U.S. military and the parent service for INSCOM, which administered the STARGATE remote viewing unit at Fort Meade. |
| [[U.S. Army School of the Americas]] | The U.S. Army School of the Americas at Fort Benning trained hundreds of Nicaraguan National Guard officers who later formed the leadership of the Contra army. |
| [[U.S. Attorney General]] | The U.S. Attorney General is the nation's chief law enforcement officer, a position held during the Contra war by William French Smith and later Edwin Meese. |
| [[U.S. Attorney's office]] | Charles R. Work hired INSLAW to create PROMIS for the U.S. Attorney for the District of Columbia with funding from the LEAA. The system went live on January 1, 1971. |
| [[U.S. Attorney's office]] | The U.S. Attorney's Office for the District of Columbia was the original client for the PROMIS case management software, commissioning the system in 1969 under U.S. Attorney Thomas A. Flannery and deploying it January 1, 1971; the EOUSA later signed the March 1982 implementation contract with INSLAW that became the central dispute in the PROMIS Software Scandal. |
| [[U.S. Customs]] | U.S. federal law enforcement agency responsible for border protection and customs enforcement that investigated Contra-connected cocaine trafficking through informants including Joseph Kelso. |
| [[U.S. First Army]] | The U.S. First Army is a corps-level support formation of the U.S. Army. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, it is mentioned as being based at Fort Meade, Maryland, alongside other significant military and intelligence organizations... |
| [[U.S. First Army]] | The U.S. First Army is a corps-level Army support formation headquartered at Fort Meade, Maryland, co-located with the NSA and INSCOM units that administered the STARGATE remote viewing program. |
| [[U.S. government]] | The U.S. government, through the CIA, NSC, and State Department, orchestrated support for the Contra war while simultaneously protecting Contra-connected drug traffickers from prosecution. |
| [[U.S. Navy]] | The U.S. Navy is the maritime warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, the Navy was involved in early rumors of a telepathy project with the USS Nautilus submarine, though this was... |
| [[U.S. Navy]] | The U.S. Navy is the maritime warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces, connected to this vault through its small SRI psi research contracts, the fabricated USS Nautilus telepathy story, and the Navy A-6 crash successfully remote-viewed by Ken Bell. |
| [[UAP Task Force]] | The UAP Task Force (UAPTF) was a program within the United States Office of Naval Intelligence that was established to standardize the collection and reporting of sightings of Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP). |
| [[United States Army Criminal Investigation Division]] | The United States Army Criminal Investigation Division (CID) is the primary federal law enforcement agency of the United States Army. It is responsible for investigating felony crimes and other serious offenses within the Army.[^1] |
| [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command]] | The United States Army Intelligence and Security Command (INSCOM) was formed from the merger of the U.S. |
| [[United States Army Intelligence Support Activity]] | The following borrows or copies heavily from [greydynamics.com](https://greydynamics.com/isa-soldier-spies-of-the-intelligence-support-activity/) and their explainer of the ISA. |
| [[Walter Reed Army Institute of Research]] | The Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) is a biomedical research laboratory of the U.S. Army. It was involved in classified research related to the Moscow Signal and Project Pandora during the Cold War[^1]. |
| [[Z Division]] | Z Division is a special intelligence unit at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Its experts are considered the final word on proliferation issues, and it is responsible for analyzing foreign nuclear weapons, with an emphasis on Soviet... |
| [[United States Army Criminal Investigation Division]] | The United States Army Criminal Investigation Division (CID) is the Army's primary felony law enforcement agency, responsible for criminal investigations within the service including the cases against STARGATE remote viewer David Morehouse. |
| [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command]] | The United States Army Intelligence and Security Command (INSCOM) is the Army's primary intelligence and security command, formed in 1977 from the merger of the Army Security Agency and Army Intelligence Command, and parent organization to the STARGATE remote viewing unit at Fort Meade. |
| [[United States Army Intelligence Support Activity]] | The United States Army Intelligence Support Activity (ISA) is a classified special operations intelligence unit providing direct support to special operations forces, with covert operational roles in hostage rescue and counterterrorism that overlap with CIA clandestine activities. |
| [[Walter Reed Army Institute of Research]] | The Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) is the U.S. Army's principal biomedical research laboratory, involved during the Cold War in classified Project Pandora investigations into the biological effects of the Moscow Signal microwave emissions on primates at its Forest Glen Section. |
| [[Z Division]] | Z Division is a Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory intelligence unit that serves as the authoritative U.S. government analyst for foreign nuclear weapons programs, with primary historical emphasis on Soviet and Israeli capabilities. |
## Foreign Government
Intelligence agencies, political parties, military forces, and government bodies of other nations.
@ -92,29 +92,29 @@ Intelligence agencies, political parties, military forces, and government bodies
| Name | Description |
| --- | --- |
| [[Agranat Commission]] | The Agranat Commission was a commission appointed by the Israel prime minister in 1974 to investigate the intelligence failures of the 1973 war, where Israel was surprised by the Syria-Egypt attack on Yom Kippur.[^1] |
| [[Ahnenerbe]] | The Ahnenerbe was a Nazi Germany think tank that operated as a research institute for the archaeological and cultural history of the Aryan race. It was founded by Heinrich Himmler, who served as its president and overlord.[^1] |
| [[Australian Security Intelligence Organization]] | The Australian Security Intelligence Organization (ASIO) is Australia internal intelligence service. It was informed by *The Sydney Morning Herald* about Oscar Guerrero attempt to sell photographs of Israel nuclear facility, provided by Mordecai... |
| [[Australian Security Intelligence Service]] | The Australian Security Intelligence Service (ASIS) is Australia external intelligence service. It was informed by the Australian Security Intelligence Organization (ASIO) about Oscar Guerrero attempt to sell photographs of Israel nuclear facility,... |
| [[Ahnenerbe]] | The Ahnenerbe was a Nazi German organization founded by Heinrich Himmler in 1935, ostensibly to research the archaeological and cultural history of the Aryan race, that conducted pseudoscientific investigations including expeditions to Tibet and occult experiments. |
| [[Australian Security Intelligence Organization]] | The Australian Security Intelligence Organization (ASIO) is Australia's domestic intelligence service that, after The Sydney Morning Herald alerted it to Oscar Guerrero's attempt to sell Mordecai Vanunu's Dimona photographs, passed the information through ASIS to Israel. |
| [[Australian Security Intelligence Service]] | The Australian Security Intelligence Service (ASIS) is Australia's external intelligence service that passed ASIO's warning about Oscar Guerrero's attempt to sell Mordecai Vanunu's Dimona photographs to Israel, enabling Mossad to begin surveillance of Vanunu. |
| [[British Intelligence]] | British Intelligence refers to the various intelligence agencies of the United Kingdom, including the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6). |
| [[French Intelligence]] | French Intelligence refers to the various intelligence agencies of France. While not directly involved in the U.S. |
| [[French Intelligence]] | French Intelligence refers to the intelligence services of France, which were indirectly linked to the early Cold War psi race through Jacques Bergier - a consulting editor with alleged French intelligence ties believed to have fabricated the USS Nautilus telepathy story. |
| [[International Atomic Energy Agency]] | International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons. |
| [[Iran-Israel Joint Committee]] | The Iran-Israel Joint Committee was established in the fall of 1980 by Menachem Begin 1, who ordered Yehoshua Sagi and Nachum Admoni to appoint it. |
| [[KGB]] | The KGB was the main security agency for the Soviet Union from 1954 until 1991, serving as its intelligence agency, secret police, and border guard. |
| [[Labor Party]] | The Labor Party is a major political party in Israel. It was formed through the merger of Mapai Party and Achdut Avodah in 1968, and later joined by Rafi. Pinhas Sapir was renowned as the economic boss of the newly formed Labor Party.[^1] |
| [[KGB]] | The KGB (Committee for State Security) was the Soviet Union's main security agency from 1954 to 1991, serving as its foreign intelligence service, secret police, and internal security apparatus, and the institutional counterpart to the CIA throughout the Cold War. |
| [[Labor Party]] | The Labor Party is an Israeli center-left political party formed in 1968 by the merger of Mapai, Achdut Avodah, and later Rafi, under the economic leadership of Pinhas Sapir. |
| [[LAKAM]] | LAKAM (Hebrew acronym for Science Liaison Bureau) was an Israeli Ministry of Defense intelligence agency, previously known as the Office of Special Tasks. |
| [[Likud Party]] | The Likud Party is a major right-wing political party in Israel. Its surprising victory in the May 1977 national elections ended twenty-nine years of Mapai Party and Labor Party domination of the political process in Israel. |
| [[Mapai Party]] | Mapai (Israel Workers') Party was the dominant political party in Israel for many years. Its political control under David Ben-Gurion was total, akin to that of a Mafia don. |
| [[Likud Party]] | The Likud Party is Israel's major right-wing nationalist political party whose surprise May 1977 victory ended twenty-nine years of Labor dominance and brought to power a government under Menachem Begin even more committed to the Samson Option nuclear deterrent. |
| [[Mapai Party]] | Mapai (Israel Workers' Party) was the dominant political party in Israel from the state's founding through 1968, whose total control under David Ben-Gurion shaped Israeli nuclear policy and whose internal disputes over the Lavon Affair permanently split the party. |
| [[Metropolitan Police]] | The Metropolitan Police (Met), also known as Scotland Yard, was the police force for London and the primary investigative body in multiple child abuse and trafficking cases documented across the network. |
| [[Mossad]] | Mossad is the national intelligence agency of Israel. Its relationship with the Central Intelligence Agency was extensive, involving 28 formal cooperative ventures in strategic intelligence since the 1950s. |
| [[Rafael]] | Rafael is a top-secret Israeli research and manufacturing agency responsible for Israel's most sensitive weaponry. The final stage of warhead production for Israel's nuclear arsenal takes place at a defense plant north of Haifa operated by Rafael. |
| [[Rafi]] | Rafi (an acronym for the Israel Workers' List) was a new political party created by David Ben-Gurion in June 1965, after he dramatically resigned from the Mapai Party. He was joined by Shimon Peres, who became Rafi's power broker, and Moshe Dayan. |
| [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] | The Royal Canadian Mounted Police is Canada's national police force, which became significantly involved in the investigation of the PROMIS Software Scandal. |
| [[Russian Orthodox Church]] | The Russian Orthodox Church's Nuncio in Jerusalem served as the quasi-official representative of the KGB in Israel. The KGB's contacts with Israel intelligence went through him ever since Israel and the Soviet Union cut diplomatic ties in 1967.[^1] |
| [[Mossad]] | Mossad is Israel's national foreign intelligence agency, whose extensive relationship with the CIA - including 28 formal cooperative ventures in strategic intelligence since the 1950s and the KK MOUNTAIN financial subsidy program - is a central subject of this vault. |
| [[Rafael]] | Rafael is Israel's top-secret defense research and manufacturing agency responsible for the country's most sensitive weaponry, including the final stage of nuclear warhead production at a facility north of Haifa. |
| [[Rafi]] | Rafi (Israel Workers' List) was an Israeli political party founded in June 1965 by David Ben-Gurion after his resignation from Mapai, with Shimon Peres as its power broker and Moshe Dayan as a prominent member. |
| [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] | Canada's national police force, twice drawn into the PROMIS affair: by a mistaken 1991 software inventory and by its own 1999-2000 inquiry, Project Abbreviation. |
| [[Russian Orthodox Church]] | The Russian Orthodox Church's Nuncio in Jerusalem served as the quasi-official KGB representative in Israel, routing all KGB contacts with Israeli intelligence following the 1967 Israeli-Soviet diplomatic break. |
| LAKAM | LAKAM (Hebrew acronym for Science Liaison Bureau) was an Israeli Ministry of Defense intelligence agency, previously known as the Office of Special Tasks, founded and initially directed by Binyamin Blumberg. |
| [[Shas Party]] | The Shas Party is an orthodox political party in Israel, which emerged as a significant force in Israeli politics. |
| [[Shin Bet]] | Shin Bet is Israel's internal security service. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, Uri Geller claimed to have worked with Shin Bet officials, along with Israeli military intelligence and Mossad. |
| [[South African Defense Force]] | The South African Defense Force (SADF) was the military of South Africa. It entered into a military cooperation agreement with the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) known as SIMWA (SADF-IDF Mutual Wartime Agreement).[^1] |
| [[Tahal]] | Tahal is the government-owned water planning corporation in Israel. It was responsible for building the expertly concealed shelters for Israel's first nuclear missile field at Hirbat Zachariah. |
| [[Shin Bet]] | Shin Bet is Israel's internal security service, whose officials Uri Geller claimed to have worked with - alongside military intelligence and Mossad - performing intelligence tasks including clairvoyant target viewing and troop deployment prediction. |
| [[South African Defense Force]] | The South African Defense Force (SADF) was the apartheid-era South African military that entered into a formal cooperation agreement with the Israel Defense Forces known as the SADF-IDF Mutual Wartime Agreement (SIMWA). |
| [[Tahal]] | Tahal is the Israeli government-owned water planning corporation that constructed the expertly concealed underground shelters for Israel's first nuclear missile field at Hirbat Zachariah, importing missile launch tubes marked as pipeline. |
## International Bodies
Multinational organizations and intergovernmental agencies.
@ -130,31 +130,31 @@ Guerrilla groups, rebel armies, militias, and military factions.
| Name | Description |
| --- | --- |
| [[African National Congress]] | The African National Congress (ANC) was a black revolutionary group in South Africa. It was targeted by the PROMIS software, which was implemented in Transkei by Degem (controlled by Israel military intelligence) with the assistance of Robert... |
| [[ARDE]] | Alianza Revolucionaria Democratica (ARDE) was a Contra faction based in Costa Rica and commanded by former Sandinista war hero Eden Pastora, formed when UDN-FARN merged with Pastora's group in September 1982. |
| [[African National Congress]] | The African National Congress (ANC) is South Africa's dominant liberation movement and governing party since 1994, relevant to this vault through PROMIS software targeting and Israeli military intelligence connections during the apartheid era. |
| [[ARDE]] | Alianza Revolucionaria Democrática (ARDE) was a Contra faction based in Costa Rica and commanded by former Sandinista war hero Eden Pastora, formed when UDN-FARN merged with Pastora's group in September 1982. |
| [[ARENA]] | ARENA was the ultraright Salvadoran political party led by death squad commander Roberto D'Aubuisson that had connections to Contra funding and narcotics trafficking. |
| [[Baader-Meinhof Group]] | The Baader-Meinhof Group, also known as the Red Army Faction (RAF), was a West German far-left militant organization. |
| [[Black September]] | Black September was a Palestinian militant organization. They were involved in a battle with Mossad agents in Europe in the aftermath of the 1972 Munich Olympic Massacre of Israel athletes. They were known for killing each other at every opportunity. |
| [[Contras]] | Nicaraguan rebel groups organized and funded by the CIA to overthrow the Sandinista government, composed largely of former Somoza National Guard officers and implicated extensively in cocaine trafficking throughout the 1980s war. |
| [[Baader-Meinhof Group]] | The Red Army Faction (RAF/Baader-Meinhof Group) was a West German far-left terrorist organization active 1970-1998, conducting major operations including the 1972 bombing campaign, the 1977 German Autumn Schleyer kidnapping and Lufthansa hijacking, and the 1989 assassination of Deutsche Bank chief Alfred Herrhausen. |
| [[Black September]] | Black September was a Palestinian militant organization responsible for the 1972 Munich Olympic Massacre and subsequent operations against Israeli targets in Europe, triggering the Israeli Operation Wrath of God campaign. |
| [[Contras]] | Nicaraguan rebel armies of the 1980s, built largely from Somoza's National Guard and backed by the CIA and then by Oliver North's private network, whose supply lines were used by cocaine traffickers. |
| [[Crips]] | The Crips are a Los Angeles street gang that became the primary distribution network for crack cocaine across the United States, spreading from South Central L.A. to cities nationwide during the mid-1980s. |
| [[FARN]] | FARN (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias Nicaragüenses) was the UDN-FARN Contra faction that operated on Costa Rica's Southern Front and was deeply involved in cocaine trafficking. |
| [[FDN]] | The FDN was the largest and best-armed Contra faction, created by the CIA and commanded by Enrique Bermudez, with documented connections to cocaine trafficking for fundraising. |
| [[FMLN]] | The FMLN was the leftist guerrilla army in El Salvador that received arms from the Sandinista government, providing the Reagan administration's stated justification for the Contra war. |
| [[Golani infantry brigade]] | The Golani infantry brigade is an elite infantry brigade of the Israel Defense Forces. Uri Simchoni, a member of the Iran-Israel Joint Committee, was formerly the chief of this brigade.[^1] |
| [[Hagannah]] | The Hagannah was the military arm of the Zionist movement in Palestine. In 1936, it requested a chemist to help produce an effective high explosive for use in the underground war against the Arabs and the British. |
| [[Golani infantry brigade]] | The Golani Brigade is an elite Israeli Army infantry unit whose former commander Uri Simchoni later served as a member of the Iran-Israel Joint Committee during the Iran-Contra arms transfers. |
| [[Hagannah]] | The Haganah was the main Zionist paramilitary organization in British Mandate Palestine (1920-1948) that became the core of the Israel Defense Forces upon Israeli independence. |
| [[Jewish Defense League]] | The Jewish Defense League (JDL) is a New York-based extreme right-wing organization associated with Meir Kahane.[^1] |
| [[Legion of September 15]] | Early Contra group of ex-Nicaraguan National Guardsmen based in Guatemala, co-commanded by Enrique Bermudez and Ricardo Lau, that formed the core of what became the FDN. |
| [[LEHI]] | LEHI (Lohamei Herut Israel, Hebrew for Fighters for the Liberation of Israel), also known as the Stern Gang, was a Jewish terrorist group. It was founded by David Stern and later led by Yitzhak Shamir.[^1] |
| [[LEHI]] | LEHI (Lohamei Herut Israel), also known as the Stern Gang, was a Jewish paramilitary organization founded by Avraham Stern and later led by Yitzhak Shamir that conducted assassinations and bombings against British Mandate authorities and Arab targets in Palestine. |
| [[Mujahideen]] | The Mujahideen refers to various groups of Muslim guerrilla fighters, particularly those who resisted the Soviet Union invasion of Afghanistan. |
| [[National Liberation Front]] | The National Liberation Front (FLN) was a nationalist political party and armed liberation movement in Algeria. By 1955, the French government was facing an insurrection from the FLN, which was strongly supported by Gamal Abdel Nasser. |
| [[Nicaraguan National Guard]] | Somoza's military force that served as army, police, and intelligence service, trained at U.S. military schools, and whose dispersed officers formed the founding cadre of the Contras. |
| [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command]] | The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command is a Palestinian militant organization. It was implicated by the private investigative firm Interfor as being behind the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103. |
| [[Sandinistas]] | Frente Revolucionario de Sandino (FRS), the leftist revolutionary guerrilla group that overthrew Somoza's U.S.-supported dictatorship in Nicaragua in 1979, triggering the Contra war. |
| [[Shining Path]] | The Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) is a Maoist terrorist group in Peru. It was founded and led by Abimael Guzman Reynoso, a former philosophy professor at the University of San Cristobal in Ayacucho.[^1] |
| [[National Liberation Front]] | The National Liberation Front (FLN) was the Algerian nationalist armed movement that fought the 1954-1962 independence war against France, backed by Gamal Abdel Nasser, and became the country's dominant political party after independence. |
| [[Nicaraguan National Guard]] | Somoza's military force that served as army, police, and intelligence service, trained at U.S. military schools, whose dispersed officers formed the founding cadre of the Contras. |
| [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command]] | The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command is a Damascus-based Palestinian militant organization implicated by the Interfor investigative firm as the group behind the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103. |
| [[Sandinistas]] | Leftist revolutionary guerrilla group that overthrew Somoza's U.S.-supported dictatorship in Nicaragua in 1979 and governed the country during the CIA-backed Contra war. |
| [[Shining Path]] | The Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) is a Maoist terrorist group in Peru founded and led by Abimael Guzman Reynoso, a former philosophy professor, active since the early 1980s. |
| [[Stern Gang]] | The Stern Gang was another name for LEHI (Lohamei Herut Israel, Hebrew for Fighters for the Liberation of Israel), a Jewish terrorist group founded by David Stern and later led by Yitzhak Shamir.[^1] |
| [[Symbionese Liberation Army]] | The Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA) was a radical left-wing organization active in California in the mid-1970s. They are best known for the kidnapping of newspaper heiress Patty Hearst in 1974.[^1] |
| [[Symbionese Liberation Army]] | Radical left-wing group active in California in 1973-1974 whose leader Donald DeFreeze was recruited at Vacaville prison by CIA operative Colston Westbrook, and whose campaign of violence (the Marcus Foster assassination and the Patty Hearst kidnapping) had the effect of discrediting left-wing movements. |
| [[UDN-FARN]] | Early Contra faction based first in Honduras then Costa Rica, commanded by Fernando Chamorro, that shifted allegiances between the FDN, ARDE, and back during the Contra war. |
| [[United States Army Special Forces]] | The United States Army Special Forces, also known as the Green Berets, are a special operations force of the United States Army. They are mentioned in connection with several individuals involved in covert operations and intelligence activities.[^1] |
| [[United States Army Special Forces]] | The United States Army Special Forces (Green Berets) are a special operations force whose Vietnam veterans Michael Hand and Bo Gritz are central vault subjects through their respective roles in Nugan Hand Bank and CIA drug trafficking operations in the Golden Triangle. |
| [[UNO]] | UNO (United Nicaraguan Opposition) was a CIA-inspired merger of Contra factions created to improve the Contras' public image, existing mostly as a facade while the FDN retained real authority. |
## Private Organizations
@ -165,54 +165,54 @@ Corporations, banks, media outlets, research institutes, crime syndicates, and o
| [[Abrasax Institute]] | The Abrasax Institute was a Satanic cult, described as a gnostic sect, which briefly became the center of attention during the Marc Dutroux investigation around December 1996. |
| [[Achats Services Commerces]] | Achats Services Commerces, known by its acronym ASCO, was a secondhand car exporting business owned by Michel Nihoul that operated white Mercedes vehicles linked to child abduction attempts. |
| [[Adelphi Academies]] | Adelphi Academies was a private children's school in Florida owned by a wealthy individual named Peter Bradford. |
| [[Air America]] | Air America was a CIA proprietary airline that provided covert transportation services during the Vietnam War, trafficking heroin out of the Golden Triangle region. |
| [[Air France]] | Air France is a French airline. It was involved in the 1976 Entebbe hijacking, where an Air France jet flying from Tel Aviv to Paris was diverted to Entebbe Airport in Uganda by members of the Baader-Meinhof Group. |
| [[Air America]] | CIA proprietary airline that provided covert transportation services during the Vietnam War, linked to heroin trafficking out of the Golden Triangle region. |
| [[Air France]] | Air France is the French national carrier whose Tel Aviv-to-Paris flight was hijacked by Baader-Meinhof Group members in June 1976 and diverted to Entebbe, Uganda, prompting the Israeli Operation Thunderbolt rescue. |
| [[AiResearch Manufacturing Group]] | AiResearch Manufacturing Group was an American aerospace manufacturer and defense contractor based in Torrance, California. |
| [[American Jewish Committee]] | The American Jewish Committee is a Jewish advocacy organization in the United States. In 1933, Lewis L. |
| [[American Jewish Committee]] | The American Jewish Committee is a major American Jewish advocacy organization founded in 1906 that appears in this vault through its connections to Israeli nuclear lobbying and U.S. government intelligence figures. |
| [[American Society for Psychical Research]] | The American Society for Psychical Research (ASPR) is the oldest psychical research organization in the United States, founded in 1885 by the philosopher and physician William James. |
| [[AP]] | The Associated Press was the news service whose reporters Robert Parry and Brian Barger broke early stories on Contra drug trafficking that were suppressed by editors. |
| [[Apollo Bulletin Board Service]] | The Apollo Bulletin Board Service, commonly known as Apollo BBS, operated as one of the world's largest online distributors of sadomasochistic child pornography during the mid-1990s. |
| [[ARMSCOR]] | ARMSCOR (South African Arms Corporation) is the government weapons manufacturer of South Africa. It played a significant role in the international arms trade, particularly in its dealings with Carlos Cardoen and Gerald Bull, and its involvement in... |
| [[ARMSCOR]] | ARMSCOR (South African Arms Corporation) is South Africa's state weapons manufacturer that played a significant role in covert Cold War arms trafficking through its dealings with Carlos Cardoen, Gerald Bull, and Israeli defense contractors under apartheid-era sanctions evasion arrangements. |
| [[ASCO]] | ASCO redirects to Achats Services Commerces. |
| [[ASCO Industries NV]] | ASCO Industries NV was an aerospace company in Zaventem near Brussels owned by military industrialist Roger Boas, a close associate of politicians, lawyers, and financiers orbiting Belgium's Parti Social Chretien (CSP). |
| [[Atlantic Richfield Company]] | Atlantic Richfield Company (ARCO) was an American oil company. In 1967, Zalman Mordecai Shapiro and his partners were forced to merge their interest in the Nuclear Materials and Equipment Corporation into ARCO due to the continuing controversy over... |
| [[Babcock & Wilcox]] | Babcock & Wilcox is a major American reactor designer and manufacturing company. It took over the Nuclear Materials and Equipment Corporation plant in the early 1970s. |
| [[Bank Leumi]] | Bank Leumi is an Israeli state bank. After his retirement in 1973, Walworth Barbour, the former American ambassador to Israel, agreed to become a board member of its American branch. |
| [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International]] | The Bank of Credit and Commerce International was a financial institution that became embroiled in a major scandal involving money laundering, drug trafficking, and covert operations. |
| [[Atlantic Richfield Company]] | Atlantic Richfield Company (ARCO) was an American oil company that acquired a controlling interest in the Nuclear Materials and Equipment Corporation (NUMEC) in 1967 after NUMEC's founder Zalman Shapiro was forced out amid an FBI investigation into highly-enriched uranium diversion to Israel. |
| [[Babcock & Wilcox]] | Babcock & Wilcox is an American nuclear reactor designer that acquired the Nuclear Materials and Equipment Corporation (NUMEC) plant in the early 1970s, inheriting its controversial history of highly-enriched uranium diversion to Israel. |
| [[Bank Leumi]] | Bank Leumi is Israel's oldest and one of its largest banks, whose American branch board included Walworth Barbour, former U.S. Ambassador to Israel, after his 1973 retirement. |
| [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International]] | The Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) was a Pakistani-founded offshore bank that operated across 78 countries before its 1991 collapse exposed a decade-long conspiracy involving money laundering for drug cartels and intelligence agencies, illegal acquisition of U.S. banks, bribery, fraud, and arms trafficking, in what regulators called the largest bank fraud in history. |
| [[Banque Worms]] | Banque Worms was a bank in Geneva, Switzerland, that played a role in the financial transactions related to Israel arms sales to Iran and the release of USA hostages.[^1] |
| [[Bell Labs]] | Bell Labs is an American industrial research and scientific development company, historically known for its innovations in telecommunications and computing. |
| [[Blue Boy]] | The Blue Boy was a nightclub in the Spuistraat district of Amsterdam that operated as a boy brothel. In August 1993 a distressed British boy showed up at the UK Embassy in Amsterdam after escaping through the bathroom window of the Blue Boy and told... |
| [[Blue Boy]] | The Blue Boy was an Amsterdam boy brothel operated by Warwick Spinks in the Spuistraat district that came to police attention in August 1993 when a trafficked British boy escaped and reported to embassy officials, and which was also linked to allegations of snuff film production. |
| [[Boys Club 21]] | Boys Club 21 was a boy brothel operating as a nightclub in Amsterdam's Spuistraat district, managed by Alan Williams, a convicted pedophile dubbed 'The Welsh Witch' on account of his violent rapes of boys in Cardiff, Wales. |
| [[Brother Paul's Children's Mission]] | Brother Paul's Children's Mission was a summer camp on North Fox Island in Lake Michigan that served as a front for child pornography and prostitution. |
| [[Bruno Gmunder Verlag]] | Bruno Gmunder Verlag was a German publishing house that absorbed Spartacus International after John Stamford transferred control of the operation from Amsterdam to Germany. |
| [[Bufalino Crime Family]] | The Bufalino Crime Family is a La Cosa Nostra crime family that was reportedly involved in the alleged organized crime penetration of Music Corporation of America. |
| [[Burns & Roe, Inc.]] | Burns & Roe, Inc. was an international engineering and construction corporation. It was a family corporation owned by Kenneth A. Roe and his family. George K. Pender was a former Director of the Pacific Ocean area for Burns & Roe, Inc. |
| [[Bufalino Crime Family]] | The Bufalino Crime Family is a La Cosa Nostra crime family based in northeastern Pennsylvania that was reportedly connected to the alleged organized crime penetration of Music Corporation of America, surfacing in FBI wiretaps related to that investigation. |
| [[Burns & Roe, Inc.]] | Burns & Roe, Inc. was an international engineering and construction firm owned by the Roe family whose Pacific director George K. Pender appears in connections to nuclear facility construction and intelligence-adjacent contracting. |
| [[Cabazon Indian Reservation]] | The Cabazon Indian Reservation is located near Indio, California, and is home to the Cabazon Band of Mission Indians. |
| [[Cali Drug Cartel]] | The Cali Drug Cartel was a powerful Colombian drug trafficking organization based in Cali, Colombia, described in a 1994 *Time* magazine article as controlling 80% of the world's cocaine trade. |
| [[Cali Drug Cartel]] | Powerful Colombian drug trafficking organization based in Cali, described in a 1994 Time magazine article as controlling 80% of the world's cocaine trade. |
| [[Capcom]] | Capcom was a trading subsidiary of the Bank of Credit and Commerce International.[^1] |
| [[CAUSA]] | CAUSA was the political arm of the Unification Church that supported anti-Communist causes including the Contra war through its connections to the USACA organization. |
| [[Centre du Christ Liberateur]] | Centre du Christ Liberateur (CCL) was a progressive religious organization founded by Joseph Douce, a Belgian priest and former NATO corporal with a psychology degree. |
| [[CenTrust Savings Bank]] | CenTrust Savings Bank was a financial institution based in Miami, owned by David L. Paul.[^1] |
| [[Chelsea National Bank]] | Chelsea National Bank was a financial institution that Bank of Credit and Commerce International attempted to acquire in 1975, using Abbas Gokal as a front.[^1] Regulators rejected the bid due to concerns about BCCI's involvement.[^1] |
| [[Church's Fried Chicken]] | Church's Fried Chicken is an American fast food restaurant chain specializing in fried chicken. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, Bill Church, a part owner of the chain and an amateur scientist, provided Hal Puthoff with ten thousand... |
| [[Coca-Cola]] | Coca-Cola is a multinational beverage corporation. By 1968, the government of Israel rewarded Abraham Feinberg for his services by permitting him to become the major owner of the nation's Coca-Cola franchise, which quickly became a... |
| [[Church's Fried Chicken]] | Church's Fried Chicken is an American fast food chain whose part-owner Bill Church, an amateur scientist, provided Hal Puthoff with funding that helped initiate the SRI remote viewing research program. |
| [[Coca-Cola]] | Coca-Cola is a multinational beverage corporation whose Israeli franchise was granted to nuclear fundraiser Abraham Feinberg by the Israeli government in 1968 as a reward for his role in financing Israel's nuclear weapons program. |
| [[Committee for the Denuclearization of the Middle East]] | The Committee for the Denuclearization of the Middle East was a group of prominent Israeli scholars and scientists, including two former members of Ernst David Bergmann's Atomic Energy Commission, who privately banded together in late 1961. |
| [[Commonwealth Club]] | The Commonwealth Club in San Francisco hosted Gary Webb for a speaking engagement after the Dark Alliance series was published, amid the media controversy. |
| [[CRIES]] | The Centre for Research and Information on Childhood and Sexuality, known by its acronym CRIES, was a Brussels-based front organization that claimed to help pedophiles deal with their sexuality while operating a VIP child prostitution ring. |
| [[D.I.G. (Decency in Government)]] | D.I.G. (Decency in Government) was an organization formed by deputies and former grand jury members in Mariposa County, California. |
| [[Dassault Company]] | Dassault Company is a French aerospace company. In 1963, Israel paid $100 million to Dassault for the joint development and manufacture of twenty-five medium-range Israeli missiles, which would become known as the Jericho I. |
| [[Degem]] | Degem was an Israel-owned computer business with operations in Israel, Guatemala, and Transkei (a Bantustan 'homeland' controlled by South Africa). |
| [[Dassault Company]] | Dassault is the French aerospace company that jointly developed the Jericho I missile with Israel under a 1963 $100 million contract, providing France's key role in the early Israeli ballistic missile program. |
| [[Degem]] | Degem was an Israeli-controlled computer company with operations in Israel, Guatemala, and Transkei, alleged to have been the primary vehicle through which Robert Maxwell distributed backdoored PROMIS software to foreign governments worldwide. |
| [[DIACSA]] | DIACSA was a Miami aircraft company run by a Cuban Bay of Pigs veteran that served as a cover company for the Costa Rican Contras and a hub for plotting drug flights and laundering cocaine profits. |
| [[Dickstein, Shapiro & Morin]] | Dickstein, Shapiro & Morin was a law firm that represented Inslaw Corporation in prosecuting its adversary complaint against the United States Department of Justice. Lee Ratiner was the partner in charge of the matter. |
| [[Drexel Burnham]] | Drexel Burnham was a prominent brokerage house where Michael Milken built his junk-bond fortune. It was involved in the financial operations of the Iran-Israel Joint Committee's slush fund, which was used to finance various covert activities and... |
| [[Dickstein, Shapiro & Morin]] | Dickstein, Shapiro & Morin was the law firm that represented INSLAW Corporation in its adversary proceeding against the Justice Department over the PROMIS software theft, with partner Lee Ratiner leading the case. |
| [[Drexel Burnham]] | Drexel Burnham was the investment bank where Michael Milken built his junk-bond empire, and whose financial infrastructure was used by the Iran-Israel Joint Committee slush fund to finance covert activities. |
| [[Duke University Parapsychology Laboratory]] | The Duke University Parapsychology Laboratory was a research unit founded in 1930 by J. B. Rhine, a botanist who sought to bring scientific rigor to the study of psychic phenomena. |
| [[Dynavest Limited]] | Dynavest Limited was an arms dealing company run by John Knight in London. It was involved in acquiring arms from Yugoslavia and selling them to Mohammed Radi Abdullah, who in turn sold them to Palestinian groups like Abu Nidal.[^1] |
| [[Eagle]] | Eagle was an Israel arms-dealing company. Its representative, Pesach Ben-Or, was involved in helping the military regime in Guatemala set up a computer tracking system to fight the leftist insurgency. |
| [[El Al]] | El Al is the national airline of Israel. It played a role in various covert operations and financial transactions detailed by Ari Ben-Menashe. |
| [[Elm Guest House]] | The Elm Guest House was a suburban brothel operating near central London in the early 1980s that served as a front for an international child trafficking network connected to powerful political and business figures. |
| [[Esquire]] | *Esquire* is an USA magazine. In October 1991, it published an article by Craig Unger that repeated Ari Ben-Menashe allegations that Robert McFarlane had been recruited by Rafi Eitan and named Robert McFarlane as 'Mr. X' in the Jonathan Pollard case. |
| [[Dynavest Limited]] | Dynavest Limited was a London arms dealing company run by John Knight that acquired arms from Yugoslavia for resale to Mohammed Radi Abdullah, who distributed them to Palestinian groups including Abu Nidal. |
| [[Eagle]] | Eagle was an Israeli arms company whose representative Pesach Ben-Or assisted the Guatemalan military regime in establishing a computer tracking system against leftist insurgents, connecting Israeli military exports to Latin American authoritarian regimes. |
| [[El Al]] | El Al is the Israeli national airline that played a role in the covert arms shipments and financial transactions described by Ari Ben-Menashe in his account of Israeli-American intelligence cooperation. |
| [[Elm Guest House]] | Barnes guest house run by Haroon and Carole Kasir, raided on June 19, 1982; the inquiry into child sexual abuse found one child victim evidenced and no VIP identified. |
| [[Esquire]] | Esquire is an American magazine whose October 1991 article by Craig Unger repeated Ari Ben-Menashe's allegations that Robert McFarlane was recruited by Rafi Eitan and identified McFarlane as 'Mr. X' in the Jonathan Pollard case. |
| [[Euramae Trading Company]] | Euramae Trading Company was a company operating throughout the Middle East, described by Michael Riconosciuto as a companion company to First Intercontinental Development Corporation and an National Security Council cutout. |
| [[Father Bud's Boys Farm]] | Father Bud's Boys Farm was a rural foster home located on a farm in Monteagle, Tennessee, owned and operated by the ordained Episcopal priest Claudius Vermilye, known by the alias Father Bud. |
| [[Father Bud's Boys Farm]] | Home for wayward boys near Alto, Tennessee, founded in 1971 by Claudius Vermilye and partly financed with state and county funds, where boys were filmed for more than 270 sponsors. |
| [[Financial General Bankshares]] | Financial General Bankshares was a bank holding company that became a target of acquisition by the Bank of Credit and Commerce International.[^1] |
| [[First American Bank]] | First American Bank was a bank based in Washington, D.C., which became secretly owned and controlled by the Bank of Credit and Commerce International.[^1] |
| [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation]] | First Intercontinental Development Corporation was a company whose board of directors included prominent figures with ties to government and intelligence, and it was reportedly a National Security Council cutout. |
@ -220,119 +220,119 @@ Corporations, banks, media outlets, research institutes, crime syndicates, and o
| [[Forges de Clabecq]] | Forges de Clabecq was a steel production plant in Belgium owned by the Dessy industrialist family, which held a controlling interest in the factory. |
| [[Frigorificos de Puntarenas]] | Frigorificos de Puntarenas was a Costa Rican shrimp company created by the Medellín cartel as a money-laundering front that was later hired by the U.S. State Department to distribute "humanitarian" aid to the Contras. |
| [[Full Gospel Business Men's Fellowship International]] | The Full Gospel Business Men's Fellowship International is an influential organization with a history of strong military connections and wide-ranging effects on foreign policy, particularly in Central America under the Ronald Reagan administration. |
| [[Future Enterprises]] | Future Enterprises was a company linked to The Finders that provided software training for CIA employees. |
| [[FXC International]] | FXC International was a company that initially produced parachutes for civilian purposes. It was transformed by Frank Chevrier, who became its director and later owner. |
| [[G-Force nightclub]] | The G-Force was a nightclub in Amsterdam frequented by Marc Dutroux and Robbie Van Der Plancken, according to a dossier compiled by the Morkhoven Workgroup. The club was owned by an American identified as John Edward Mullaney. |
| [[Future Enterprises]] | Washington D.C.-area computer training company associated with The Finders that provided CIA employee software training in the 1980s, cited by investigators as evidence of a direct CIA-Finders organizational link. |
| [[FXC International]] | FXC International was a parachute manufacturer transformed by director Frank Chevrier into a company with covert connections to intelligence-linked arms and equipment trafficking networks. |
| [[G-Force nightclub]] | The G-Force was an Amsterdam nightclub frequented by Marc Dutroux and Robbie Van Der Plancken and owned by American John Edward Mullaney, identified in Morkhoven Workgroup dossiers as a node in the Belgian-Dutch child abuse network. |
| [[Gaie France]] | Gaie France was a pedophile magazine published by Michel Caignet, a neo-Nazi child pornographer and former member of the Fane and FNE (European Nationalist Groups). |
| [[Gambino Crime Family]] | The Gambino Crime Family is a prominent La Cosa Nostra crime family that was reportedly involved in the alleged organized crime penetration of Music Corporation of America. |
| [[Gamma Corporation]] | Gamma Corporation, also referred to as Gamma of Massachusetts, was a Central Intelligence Agency 'cut-out' company in the USA. It was involved in supplying components for chemical weapons to Carlos Cardoen. |
| [[Gay Palace]] | The Gay Palace was a boy brothel masquerading as a gay nightclub in Amsterdam's Spuistraat district, managed by Warwick Spinks during the 1980s and 1990s. |
| [[Genovese Crime Family]] | The Genovese Crime Family is a prominent La Cosa Nostra crime family. Gerardo Catena, a chief lieutenant to the Genovese Crime Family, owned almost 20 percent of the Murchison Oil Lease Company in Oklahoma.[^1] |
| [[Genovese Crime Family]] | The Genovese Crime Family is a prominent New York La Cosa Nostra organization whose chief lieutenant Gerardo Catena owned nearly 20 percent of the Murchison Oil Lease Company in Oklahoma, connecting the family to Texas oil money and intelligence-linked networks. |
| [[Gero-Video]] | Gero-Video was a video distribution company based in Dusseldorf, Germany, identified as one of the largest distributors of homosexual pornography in Europe. |
| [[Grafton Close Children's Home]] | Grafton Close Children's Home was run by Richmond Council in the Richmond area of London during the early 1980s. The home became infamous for its role in supplying children to the Elm Guest House VIP pedophile network. |
| [[Hadron]] | Hadron, Inc. was a company that became central to Inslaw Corporation's allegations of a high-level conspiracy to steal its PROMIS software and destroy INSLAW. Earl Brian had both a direct and indirect financial interest in Hadron. |
| [[Histadrut]] | Histadrut, also known as the General Organization of Workers in Israel, is a powerful federation of labor unions that historically controlled a large segment of Israeli industry. Pinhas Lavon served as its head. |
| [[Grafton Close Children's Home]] | Grafton Close Children's Home was a Richmond Council-run facility in London during the early 1980s that became infamous for its alleged role in supplying children to the Elm Guest House VIP pedophile network. |
| [[Hadron]] | Hadron, Inc. was a Washington-area technology and information services company in which Earl Brian held a controlling interest, and which INSLAW alleged was positioned to acquire INSLAW's assets and software contracts as the intended beneficiary of the DOJ's alleged scheme to destroy the company. |
| [[Histadrut]] | Histadrut (the General Organization of Workers in Israel) is a powerful labor union federation that historically controlled a large segment of Israeli industry, whose leadership by Pinhas Lavon placed it at the center of the political fallout from the Lavon Affair. |
| [[Hondu Carib Cargo]] | Air cargo company operated by Adolfo Calero's brother that flew Contra supply missions while connected to drug trafficking. |
| [[Honeywell]] | Honeywell is a multinational conglomerate. Its Israel franchise, Medan Computers Ltd., was involved in the implementation of the PROMIS software in Guatemala.[^1] |
| [[IBM]] | International Business Machines, or IBM as it’s commonly known, is a multinational tech and research company headquartered in Armonk, New York. It was founded in 1911. |
| [[Honeywell]] | Honeywell is a multinational technology conglomerate whose Israeli franchise, Medan Computers Ltd., was involved in the implementation of PROMIS software in Guatemala. |
| [[IBM]] | International Business Machines (IBM) is a multinational technology company founded in 1911 and headquartered in Armonk, New York, whose mainframe and minicomputer systems were used by the government agencies that became targets of the PROMIS software distribution network. |
| [[ICIC]] | ICIC (International Credit and Investment Company Holdings) was a Cayman Islands subsidiary of the Bank of Credit and Commerce International.[^1] It served as BCCI's repository for loans to privileged insiders.[^1] |
| [[Independence Bank of Encino]] | Independence Bank of Encino was a financial institution illegally acquired by the Bank of Credit and Commerce International.[^1] |
| [[INSLAW]] | INSLAW is a software company that developed the PROMIS (Prosecutor's Management Information System) software in the early 1980s. The company was owned by Bill Hamilton and Nancy Hamilton.[3] |
| [[Institute for Advanced Studies]] | The Institute for Advanced Studies is a prestigious academic institution in Princeton, New Jersey. Lewis L. Strauss was a major contributor and fundraiser for the institute, and served on its board of trustees during World War II. |
| [[Institute of Noetic Science]] | The Institute of Noetic Science (IONS) is an American nonprofit parapsychological research institute. It was founded by former Apollo 14 astronaut Edgar Mitchell, a known psi enthusiast. |
| [[INSLAW]] | INSLAW, Inc. is a Washington-area software company that developed the PROMIS case management system and became the center of a major legal and political scandal after alleging the U.S. Department of Justice stole its proprietary software and drove the company into bankruptcy. |
| [[Institute for Advanced Studies]] | The Institute for Advanced Studies is a prestigious academic institution in Princeton, New Jersey, where trustee Lewis L. Strauss arranged a two-month visiting fellowship for Israeli nuclear program director Ernst David Bergmann in 1966. |
| [[Institute of Noetic Science]] | The Institute of Noetic Sciences (IONS) is an American nonprofit parapsychological research institute founded in 1973 by former Apollo 14 astronaut Edgar Mitchell following a spontaneous consciousness experience during his return from the Moon. |
| [[Israel Bond Organization]] | The Israel Bond Organization is a financial institution that raises funds for the State of Israel through the sale of Israel Bonds. |
| [[Israel Chemicals Company]] | The Israel Chemicals Company is the largest state-owned enterprise in Israel. Rafael Eitan was subsequently named to a high administrative position with this company, an appointment authorized by Ariel Sharon, who had been named minister of trade... |
| [[Israel Chemicals Company]] | Israel Chemicals Company is the largest state-owned enterprise in Israel, to which Mossad officer Rafael Eitan was appointed in a senior position authorized by Ariel Sharon following Eitan's exposure in the Jonathan Pollard spy scandal. |
| [[ITICO]] | ITICO (Integrated Technologies International Co.) was a company that served as a cover for Alan Sanders, who had links to the Central Intelligence Agency. |
| [[Joel Silver Productions]] | Joel Silver Productions is a film production company. Garby Leon was the Director of Development at Joel Silver Productions at Warner Brothers Studios in Burbank, California. |
| [[John Curtin Foundation]] | The John Curtin Foundation was an organization in Australia whose funds were guarded by Alan Bond. In February 1987, a contribution from the Central Intelligence Agency was made to the West Australian Labor Party, involving Richard Babayan and Earl... |
| [[Joel Silver Productions]] | Joel Silver Productions is a film production company at Warner Brothers Studios in Burbank, California, where Garby Leon served as Director of Development and oversaw more than seventy projects including The Matrix. |
| [[John Curtin Foundation]] | The John Curtin Foundation was an Australian political organization whose funds, guarded by financier Alan Bond, were used in February 1987 to route a CIA contribution to the West Australian Labor Party through Richard Babayan, Earl Brian, and a Robert Maxwell company. |
| [[Le Dolo]] | Le Dolo was a nightclub in Brussels managed by Michel Forgeot, where Jean-Michel Nihoul connected with figures from what were described as the 'clean professions. |
| [[Lockheed Aircraft Company]] | The Lockheed Aircraft Company is an USA aerospace manufacturer that developed advanced military aircraft and became involved in a bribe scandal affecting Israel politics. |
| [[Los Angeles Times]] | Largest newspaper in the western United States that published the 1996 attack on the Dark Alliance series, led by Washington bureau chief Doyle McManus who had previously spread a 1984 CIA leak falsely accusing Sandinista officials of drug trafficking. |
| [[Management Science For Health]] | Management Science For Health was a group associated with certain factions of the Central Intelligence Agency. |
| [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] | The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a prestigious research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Jack P. Ruina was a professor of electrical engineering at MIT and a director of its Defense and Arms Control Studies Program. |
| [[Medan Computers Ltd.]] | Medan Computers Ltd. was the Israel franchise of Honeywell. All its technicians were Israel Defense Forces reservists and computer experts. They were involved in the implementation of the PROMIS software in Guatemala.[^1] |
| [[Medellin Cartel]] | Colombian drug trafficking organization that dominated the international cocaine trade, driving down U.S. prices and creating conditions for the crack epidemic. |
| [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] | The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a prestigious research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, whose professor Jack P. Ruina directed its Defense and Arms Control Studies Program and chaired the expert panel that analyzed the 1979 VELA satellite data from the suspected South Atlantic nuclear explosion. |
| [[Medan Computers Ltd.]] | Medan Computers Ltd. was the Israeli franchise of Honeywell, staffed entirely by Israel Defense Forces reservists and computer experts, which was involved in the implementation of PROMIS software in Guatemala. |
| [[Medellin Cartel]] | Colombian drug trafficking organization based in Medellín that dominated the international cocaine trade, driving down U.S. prices and creating conditions for the crack epidemic. |
| [[Meridian International Logistics]] | Meridian International Logistics was a holding company associated with Robert Booth Nichols, who was a principal in the organization. |
| [[Miami Herald]] | The Miami Herald was the Florida newspaper that reported on Contra activities and Norwin Meneses's drug trafficking operations based in the Miami area. |
| [[Monroe Institute]] | The Monroe Institute is a non-profit organization dedicated to the exploration of human consciousness, known for its Hemi-Sync audio technology. It was founded by Robert Monroe. |
| [[Monroe Institute]] | The Monroe Institute is a non-profit consciousness research organization founded by Robert Monroe, known for its Hemi-Sync audio technology, which was used by U.S. Army remote viewers in the Stargate program. |
| [[Morkhoven Workgroup]] | The Morkhoven Workgroup was an NGO that played a central role in exposing the international child pornography network operated through the Apollo Bulletin Board Service from Zandvoort, Netherlands. |
| [[Mundy Security Group]] | Mundy Security Group Inc. was a Laguna Beach security company incorporated by Ronald Lister in 1983 that served as a front for weapons procurement and electronics sales to Danilo Blandón and other narcotics traffickers. |
| [[Music Corporation of America]] | The Music Corporation of America was a major entertainment corporation that became entangled in investigations related to organized crime and the broader network that Danny Casolaro termed 'The Octopus. |
| [[Music Corporation of America]] | The Music Corporation of America was a major entertainment corporation that became entangled in investigations related to organized crime and the broader network that Danny Casolaro termed 'The Octopus.' |
| [[NAMBLA]] | NAMBLA (North American Man/Boy Love Association) was a United States-based organization that advocated for the normalization of sexual relationships between men and boys. |
| [[National Bank of Georgia]] | National Bank of Georgia was a financial institution that became entangled in the Bank of Credit and Commerce International scandal.[^1] |
| [[National Institute for Discovery Science]] | The National Institute for Discovery Science (NIDS) was a privately funded research organization founded by billionaire Robert Bigelow in 1995. |
| [[New York Times]] | The New York Times initially ignored Contra drug trafficking stories in the 1980s, then attacked the Dark Alliance series in 1996, before ultimately confirming key elements of the CIA-Contra drug connection in 1998. |
| [[New York University]] | New York University is a private research university in New York City. Aviem Sella had almost completed his requirement for a Ph.D. in computer science at New York University by 1984, when he was approached to handle Jonathan Pollard. |
| [[New York University]] | New York University is a private research university in New York City where Israeli air force officer Aviem Sella was completing a Ph.D. in computer science when he was recruited in 1984 to serve as Jonathan Pollard's handler. |
| [[Newsweek]] | Newsweek was a major American news magazine that covered the Dark Alliance story, calling it a powerful series. |
| [[NHAO]] | The Nicaraguan Humanitarian Assistance Office was a State Department unit hijacked by Oliver North to distribute aid to the Contras through companies owned and operated by drug traffickers. |
| [[Nuclear Materials and Equipment Corporation]] | Nuclear Materials and Equipment Corporation (NUMEC) was a privately owned nuclear enriching plant in Apollo, Pennsylvania, owned by Zalman Mordecai Shapiro. |
| [[Nugan Hand Bank]] | Nugan Hand Bank was an Australia bank co-founded by Michael Hand and Frank Nugan, along with officials of the Central Intelligence Agency-owned Air America. It was described as a primary CIA operation in the Pacific area.[^1] |
| [[Ocean Living Institute]] | The Ocean Living Institute was a sea-steading foundation incorporated in New Jersey by Adam Starchild, who also served as the incorporating agent for Brother Paul's Children's Mission on North Fox Island. |
| [[Ocho Group]] | The Ocho Group was a chain of five small newspapers in Peru. Abimael Guzman Reynoso, the leader of the Shining Path, requested that Israel purchase this newspaper chain on the movement's behalf as part of a deal to secure rare minerals for Israel... |
| [[Nugan Hand Bank]] | Australian merchant bank (1973-1980) that functioned as what investigators described as a CIA financial network, with branches in thirteen countries staffed by American military and intelligence veterans, collapsing after Frank Nugan was found shot dead in January 1980 and Michael Hand disappeared. |
| [[Ocean Living Institute]] | Tax-exempt corporation formed in Delaware in 1974, ostensibly for oceanographic research, with Adam Starchild as president and Dyer Grossman as executive director; Gerald Richards named it as a front for child pornography. |
| [[Ocho Group]] | The Ocho Group was a chain of five small Peruvian newspapers that Shining Path leader Abimael Guzman Reynoso asked Israel to purchase on his movement's behalf as part of a deal to secure rare minerals for Israel's nuclear program. |
| [[Odyssey Foundation]] | The Odyssey Foundation was the legal front entity for John David Norman's Odyssey Network trafficking operation, operating from Dallas, Texas. |
| [[Odyssey Network]] | The Odyssey Network was a sophisticated child trafficking and prostitution operation based in Dallas, Texas, during the 1970s. |
| [[Odyssey Systems]] | May 1997, Odyssey is founded in the Boston area by Michael Sweat and Michael Prisco to support the Air Force Electronic Systems Center (ESC). |
| [[Odyssey Systems]] | May 1997, Odyssey is founded in the Boston area by Michael Sweat and Michael Prisco to support the Air Force Electronic Systems Center (ESC). |
| [[OSN]] | The OSN was Anastasio Somoza's secret police unit that monitored political dissidents during the Somoza dynasty's rule over Nicaragua. |
| [[Painting Decorating Maintenance]] | Painting Decorating Maintenance (PDM) was a construction company owned by John Wayne Gacy in Norwood Park, Chicago. |
| [[Palo Alto Medical Clinic]] | The Palo Alto Medical Clinic oversaw the medical and psychological evaluations for psychic subjects in the Stanford Research Institute (SRI) remote viewing program. |
| [[PAN Magazine]] | PAN (Paedo Alert News), subtitled 'A Magazine about Boy-love,' was a pedophile newsletter started by Francis Shelden in Amsterdam under the pen name 'Frank Torey. |
| [[Parapsychological Association]] | The Parapsychological Association is an international professional organization of scientists and scholars engaged in the study of Parapsychology. |
| [[Park On Meter]] | Arkansas parking meter manufacturer allegedly used as a front for manufacturing weapons parts for the Contras, with connections to Webb Hubbell. |
| [[Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co]] | Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co was an accounting and consulting firm that eventually became Peat Marwick International in 1978. In 1986 PMI merged with KMG to form KPMG. |
| [[Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co]] | Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co. was the international accounting firm that held the original 1969 LEAA grant to design PROMIS - with Bill Hamilton serving as project manager - before successive mergers in 1978 and 1986 transformed it into KPMG. |
| [[Pergamon Press Trust Fund]] | The Pergamon Press Trust Fund was a financial entity in Moscow that held funds related to covert operations. |
| [[Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn]] | The Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn is an educational institution in the United States. In 1940, Herman F. |
| [[Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn]] | The Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn was a New York engineering institution that, under dean Herman F. Mark's leadership from 1942, became a refuge for Jewish scientists including Chaim Weizmann and Ernst David Bergmann who later contributed to Israel's nuclear program. |
| [[Propaganda 2]] | Propaganda 2 (P2) was a fascist secret society linked to the Golpe Borghese coup attempt a decade earlier. |
| [[Pyramid International Security Consultants]] | Newport Beach security company incorporated by Ronald Lister that served as a cover for CIA-connected weapons manufacturing in El Salvador during the Contra war. |
| [[Radio Cairo]] | Radio Cairo is an Egypt radio station. It announced the death of Gamal Abdel Nasser from a heart attack, twenty minutes after Uri Geller purportedly predicted it during a Telepathy demonstration in Tel Aviv.[^1] |
| [[Rand Corporation]] | The Rand Corporation is an American nonprofit global policy think tank. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, it is mentioned as being larger and more prestigious than Stanford Research Institute among scientific think tanks in the early... |
| [[Radio Cairo]] | Radio Cairo is an Egyptian radio station whose announcement of Gamal Abdel Nasser's death came approximately twenty minutes after Uri Geller purportedly predicted it during a telepathy demonstration in Tel Aviv. |
| [[Rand Corporation]] | The Rand Corporation is the US Air Force's principal Cold War nonprofit think tank in Santa Monica, founded as Project RAND in 1946 and incorporated in 1948, whose Vietnam-era Viet Cong Motivation and Morale Study produced critical findings that were suppressed at the time and later vindicated by Rand's own official history. |
| [[Rex Productions]] | Rex Productions was a hardcore pornography studio in Amsterdam linked to Jean-Michel Nihoul's trafficking network through Marleen De Cokere. |
| [[Round Table Foundation]] | The Round Table Foundation was a research facility founded by Andrija Puharich in Glen Cove, Maine, in the late 1940s. |
| [[Roxanne Films]] | Roxanne Films was a hardcore pornography studio located at 111 Admiraal de Ruijter Road in Amsterdam, in a building owned by a transvestite named Didier Pellerin. |
| [[Saint-Gobain Techniques Nouvelles]] | Saint-Gobain Techniques Nouvelles (SGN) is a large French chemical company. It was granted a contract to build a chemical reprocessing plant on the grounds at Marcoule, France. |
| [[Saint-Gobain Techniques Nouvelles]] | Saint-Gobain Techniques Nouvelles (SGN) is a French chemical company that built the plutonium reprocessing plant at the Marcoule nuclear complex, to which Israeli scientists were granted unique access as a key element of France's nuclear technology transfer to Israel. |
| [[San Francisco Chronicle]] | The San Francisco Chronicle was a Bay Area newspaper that reported on aspects of the Contra-connected drug trafficking operations centered in San Francisco. |
| [[San Jose Mercury News]] | The San Jose Mercury News published the Dark Alliance series in August 1996, using the Internet to share source documents with the public in an unprecedented act of journalistic transparency. |
| [[Science Applications International Corporation]] | The Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) was founded in 1969 by J Robert Beyster as Science Applications Incorporated (SAI). |
| [[Scientology]] | Scientology is a body of beliefs and practices invented by American author L. Ron Hubbard. In the context of the Stargate Project, several key figures involved in the early remote viewing research at Stanford Research Institute were former members... |
| [[Scientology]] | Scientology is a controversial religious movement founded by L. Ron Hubbard whose relevance to this vault lies in the fact that several key figures in the early SRI remote viewing program - including Hal Puthoff, Ingo Swann, and Pat Price - were former members. |
| [[SCT]] | Systems and Computer Technology, Inc. ('SCT') was a company involved in an alleged attempt to purchase Inslaw Corporation in early 1986. |
| [[SETCO]] | SETCO was a Honduran air freight company owned by drug kingpin Juan Matta Ballesteros that served as the principal transportation provider for the FDN Contra army. |
| [[Sheridan Square Press]] | Sheridan Square Press was a publisher based in New York. It published Ari Ben-Menashe book, *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network*. |
| [[Sidem International Limited]] | Sidem International Limited was an arms dealing company that operated out of London. It was involved in acquiring arms from Yugoslavia and selling them to Mohammed Radi Abdullah, who in turn sold them to Palestinian groups like Abu Nidal.[^1] |
| [[Sheridan Square Press]] | Sheridan Square Press was a New York publisher that published Ari Ben-Menashe's Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network after other publishers withdrew under pressure. |
| [[Sidem International Limited]] | Sidem International Limited was a London arms dealing company involved in acquiring arms from Yugoslavia for resale to Mohammed Radi Abdullah, who distributed them to Palestinian groups including Abu Nidal. |
| [[Societe Generale de Banque]] | Societe Generale de Banque (Society General) was the largest financial firm in Belgium, controlled by a fraternity of families who provided most of the funding for Parti Social Chretien (Christian Social Party, CSP) political campaigns. |
| [[Society for Psychical Research]] | The Society for Psychical Research (SPR) is the oldest psychical research organization in the world, founded in London in 1882. |
| [[Solel Bone Ltd.]] | Solel Bone Ltd., of Haifa, was the largest Israeli engineering company involved in the construction of Dimona. |
| [[Southern Air Transport]] | Southern Air Transport was a CIA-owned airline used for Contra resupply flights that was repeatedly linked to drug trafficking investigations by the DEA, U.S. Customs, and congressional investigators. |
| [[Spartacus Club]] | The Spartacus Club was an underground paedophile network operated by John Stamford from Amsterdam. The club used Spartacus International as a legitimate front to attract members. |
| [[Spartacus Club]] | The Spartacus Club was an underground pedophile network operated by John Stamford from Amsterdam that used Spartacus International as a legitimate front to recruit members internationally. |
| [[Spartacus International]] | Spartacus International was founded by John Stamford, a British foreign-national and defrocked Anglican priest who fled to Amsterdam in 1972 after being charged with operating a child pornography service through the mail. |
| [[Spartacus Network]] | The Spartacus Network was an international child trafficking and pornography distribution network that operated from the 1970s through the 1990s, primarily based in Amsterdam but with global reach. |
| [[St. Francis Yacht Club]] | The St. Francis Yacht Club in San Francisco was where Norwin Meneses held meetings and conducted business for his Contra-connected cocaine trafficking operation. |
| [[Stanford Research Institute]] | The Stanford Research Institute (SRI) is a scientific research institute based in Menlo Park, California. In the early 1970s, SRI became the center of the U.S. |
| [[Stanford University]] | Stanford University is a private research university in Stanford, California. Its Linear Accelerator Center was home to Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky, a physicist who was a key colleague of Jack P. |
| [[Strategic Intelligence Services]] | Strategic Intelligence Services was a company run by Anthony Pearson, a former British Special Airborne Service (SAS) officer. Located in London, it provided espionage services to Israel, among others.[^1] |
| [[Swiss Paedophile Association]] | The Swiss Paedophile Association was a Swiss organization that counted among its founding members Beat Meier and Karl Hobi. Beat Meier served as the honorary president of the association and published a pedophile magazine called LIBIDO from Zurich. |
| [[Stanford Research Institute]] | Stanford Research Institute is the Menlo Park research institute, founded in 1946 and independent since 1970, that produced Douglas Engelbart's 1968 'Mother of All Demos,' the second ARPANET node, and the U.S. government's classified remote-viewing program under Hal Puthoff and Russell Targ. |
| [[Stanford University]] | Stanford University is a private research university in Stanford, California, whose Linear Accelerator Center physicist Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky served on the expert panel that analyzed VELA satellite data from the suspected 1979 South Atlantic nuclear explosion. |
| [[Strategic Intelligence Services]] | Strategic Intelligence Services was a London company run by former British SAS officer Anthony Pearson that provided espionage services to Israel and other clients. |
| [[Swiss Paedophile Association]] | Zurich-based organization whose founders included Beat Meier - who served as honorary president and published a pedophile magazine called LIBIDO - and Karl Hobi, linked to Scotland Yard's snuff film investigations. |
| [[Sylvania Corporation]] | The Sylvania Corporation was an American manufacturer of lighting products, televisions, and other electronic equipment. |
| [[TAG Films]] | TAG Films was a video production company established in Amsterdam by three Welsh pedophiles: Alan Williams, John Gay, and Lee Tucker. |
| [[The Age]] | *The Age* is an Australia newspaper based in Melbourne. Oscar Guerrero attempted to sell photographs of Israel nuclear facility, provided by Mordecai Vanunu, to *The Age*, but was rejected. |
| [[The Church of New Revelation]] | The Church of New Revelation was a sham religious entity incorporated in New Jersey that served as an umbrella organization for child exploitation operations during the 1970s. |
| [[The Company]] | The Company' was a drug and arms organization consisting of approximately 300 members, many of whom were former military men, ex-police officers, or ex-intelligence personnel. |
| [[The Finders]] | The Finders was a 60s-style commune/cult group operating in Washington D.C. that came to public attention in February 1987 when two of its members were arrested in Tallahassee, Florida for transporting six disheveled children in a white van. |
| [[The Sunday Mirror]] | *The Sunday Mirror* is a British newspaper. Robert Maxwell publishing empire included *The Sunday Mirror*.[^1] |
| [[The Sunday Times]] | *The Sunday Times* is a British newspaper. It struck a deal with Oscar Guerrero to publish Mordecai Vanunu story and photographs of Israel nuclear facility. |
| [[The Age]] | The Age is an Australian newspaper based in Melbourne that rejected Oscar Guerrero's attempt to sell Mordecai Vanunu's photographs of Israel's Dimona nuclear facility, which were subsequently purchased by The Sunday Times. |
| [[The Church of New Revelation]] | Tax-exempt church incorporated in Delaware in 1974 with a Kearny, New Jersey, address, under whose auspices Brother Paul's Children's Mission operated; a Tennessee investigator called it a 'referral agency which distributes pornography.' |
| [[The Company]] | 'The Company' was a drug and arms organization consisting of approximately 300 members, many of whom were former military men, ex-police officers, or ex-intelligence personnel. |
| [[The Finders]] | The Finders was a Washington D.C.-based communal group led by Marion Pettie that came to public attention in 1987 when members were arrested transporting malnourished children, with a subsequent federal investigation abruptly closed after the CIA acknowledged an interest in the group. |
| [[The Sunday Mirror]] | The Sunday Mirror is a British tabloid newspaper that was part of Robert Maxwell's publishing empire. |
| [[The Sunday Times]] | The Sunday Times is a British newspaper that struck a deal with Mordecai Vanunu's contact Oscar Guerrero to publish Vanunu's account and photographs of Israel's Dimona nuclear facility in exchange for a £250,000 advance. |
| [[Time]] | Time magazine covered the Dark Alliance story, calling it the hottest topic in black America during the height of the public reaction in 1996. |
| [[To The Stars Academy of Arts & Science]] | To The Stars Academy of Arts & Science (TTSA) was a public benefit corporation founded by musician Tom DeLonge of the band Blink-182. |
| [[Toff's Travel]] | Toff's Travel was a coach service operated by Russell Tricker that crossed the English Channel in the 1980s. The service was specifically used to smuggle boys into Amsterdam for sexual exploitation. |
| [[Toff's Travel]] | Toff's Travel was a Channel-crossing coach service operated by Russell Tricker in the 1980s that was specifically used to smuggle boys from the United Kingdom into Amsterdam for sexual exploitation at Spartacus International venues. |
| [[Toro Bravo]] | Toro Bravo was a child pornography production company based in Bogota, Bogota, headed by Jean Manuel Vuillaume. |
| [[TransCapital Corporation]] | TransCapital Corporation was a Connecticut firm licensed to sell computer hardware, particularly for the PROMIS program. It played a role in facilitating arms deals and technology transfers.[^1] |
| [[Troop 137]] | Troop 137 was a Boy Scout troop chartered in eastern New Orleans in 1974 by three men: Richard Halvorsen, Raymond Woodall, and Robert Lang. |
| [[TransCapital Corporation]] | TransCapital Corporation was a Connecticut company licensed to sell computer hardware that facilitated PROMIS software transfers and related arms deals. |
| [[Troop 137]] | New Orleans Boy Scout troop organized in 1974 by Richard Halvorsen and Raymond Woodall, raided in September 1976; nineteen men were charged, among them millionaire clients from Massachusetts and California. |
| [[UCLA]] | UCLA was where researcher Dr. Ronald K. Siegel traced the discovery of freebasing cocaine and studied the drug's effects, providing scientific context for the crack epidemic. |
| [[UNICEF]] | The Belgian committee of UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund) became the center of a child pornography scandal in 1987 when its director and another employee were arrested for operating a child pornography studio in the basement of the... |
| [[Unification Church]] | The Unification Church, led by Sun Myung Moon, supported anti-Communist causes including the Contra war through its political arm, the CAUSA Foundation. |
| [[University of California]] | The University of California is a public university system in California. The physics department at the University of California was home to Luis Alvarez, a Nobel laureate who was a key colleague of Jack P. |
| [[University of San Cristobal]] | The University of San Cristobal at Ayacucho, Peru, was where Abimael Guzman Reynoso, the founder of the Shining Path, was formerly a professor of philosophy. Many of its professors were members of the Shining Path or the Communist Party of Peru.[^1] |
| [[University of California]] | The University of California is a public university system whose physics Nobel laureate Luis Alvarez served on the ad hoc expert panel that analyzed VELA satellite data from the suspected 1979 South Atlantic nuclear explosion. |
| [[University of San Cristobal]] | The University of San Cristobal de Huamanga in Ayacucho, Peru, was where Shining Path founder Abimael Guzman Reynoso taught philosophy and where Ari Ben-Menashe used a faculty appointment as cover for an Israeli intelligence mission. |
| [[USACA]] | San Francisco Contra support group founded by Don Sinicco at the request of Adolfo Calero, infiltrated by drug trafficker Norwin Meneses. |
| [[Valley National Bank of Arizona]] | Valley National Bank of Arizona was a bank in Phoenix, Arizona. It was used in financial transactions related to Israel arms sales and the release of USA hostages.[^1] |
| [[Wackenhut Corporation]] | Wackenhut Corporation is a security and investigative firm founded in 1954 by George R. Wackenhut and three other former Federal Bureau of Investigation Special Agents. |
| [[Valley National Bank of Arizona]] | Valley National Bank of Arizona, based in Phoenix, was used as a financial conduit in transactions connected to Israeli arms sales and negotiations over the release of American hostages. |
| [[Wackenhut Corporation]] | Florida security company founded in 1954 by former FBI agents, which gave the CIA cover in Miami from 1961 to 1967, kept files on millions of Americans, and allegedly modified PROMIS at Cabazon. |
| [[Washington Post]] | Major national newspaper whose national security reporter Walter Pincus, a former CIA operative, led the first major media attack on the Dark Alliance series. |
| [[Weizmann Institute of Science]] | The Weizmann Institute of Science is a preeminent research facility in Israel. After Israel's successful War of Independence in 1948, Ernst David Bergmann became the director of its chemistry division. |
| [[Weizmann Institute of Science]] | The Weizmann Institute of Science is Israel's preeminent research institution, whose chemistry and isotope research divisions, directed by Ernst David Bergmann after 1948, provided a scientific foundation for Israel's nuclear weapons program. |
| [[Westinghouse Electric Corporation]] | Westinghouse Electric Corporation was involved in a major project with Burns & Roe, Inc., for the engineering design and construction of the United States of America Fast Breeder Nuclear Reactor Plant. |
| [[Yakuza]] | The Yakuza is a Japanese organized crime syndicate that was implicated in the broader network investigated by Danny Casolaro as 'The Octopus. |

16
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/National Action.md
View file

@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ start: 2013
end: 2016
location: "United Kingdom"
created: 2026-05-21
updated: 2026-05-22
summary: "National Action was a British neo-Nazi organization proscribed in December 2016 as the UK's first banned terrorist group since World War II, producing more than a dozen criminal convictions for membership and terrorism offenses between 2018 and 2022."
updated: 2026-09-22
summary: "National Action was a British neo-Nazi organization proscribed under the Terrorism Act 2000 in December 2016, producing more than a dozen criminal convictions for membership and terrorism offenses between 2018 and 2022."
---
[[National Action]] was a British neo-Nazi organization founded in late 2013 by [[Alex Davies]] and [[Benjamin Raymond]], both university students at the time. It was the first organization outside [[Northern Ireland]] to be proscribed as a terrorist group in the [[United Kingdom]] since World War II, banned by Home Secretary [[Amber Rudd]] on December 16, 2016 under the Terrorism Act 2000 after the organization publicly celebrated the murder of Labour MP [[Jo Cox]] and made death threats to multiple other left-wing politicians. More than a dozen individuals were convicted of membership in or facilitation of National Action in trials spanning 2018 to 2022, with sentences ranging from 3 years to life imprisonment.[^1]
[[National Action]] was a British neo-Nazi organization founded in late 2013 by [[Alex Davies]] and [[Benjamin Raymond]], both university students at the time. It was proscribed in the [[United Kingdom]] under the [[Terrorism Act 2000]] by Home Secretary [[Amber Rudd]] on December 16, 2016, after the organization publicly celebrated the murder of Labour MP [[Jo Cox]] and made death threats to multiple other left-wing politicians. More than a dozen individuals were convicted of membership in or facilitation of National Action in trials spanning 2018 to 2022, with sentences ranging from 3 years to life imprisonment.[^1]
### Founding and Iron March Connection
@ -42,16 +42,16 @@ Renshaw pleaded guilty on June 12, 2018 to preparing an act of terrorism (planni
[[Alice Cutter]] (23, Sowerby Bridge): convicted of membership, sentenced to 3 years (Judge: Paul Farrer QC). [[Mark Jones]] (25, Sowerby Bridge): convicted of membership, sentenced to 5 years 6 months. [[Garry Jack]] (24, Birmingham): convicted of membership, sentenced to 4 years 6 months. [[Connor Scothern]] (19, Nottingham): convicted of membership, detained in youth custody 18 months.
#### Wave 4 (Central Criminal Court, 2021)
[[Benjamin Hannam]] (22), serving Metropolitan Police constable of Edmonton, north London, a probationary officer: convicted on 1 April 2021 at the [[Central Criminal Court]] ([[Old Bailey]]) of National Action membership under section 11 of the [[Terrorism Act 2000]], two counts of fraud by false representation under sections 1 and 2 of the [[Fraud Act 2006]] (lying on his Metropolitan Police Service application form and vetting form about BNP or similar organisation membership), two counts of possessing documents useful to a terrorist under section 58 of the Terrorism Act 2000 (Anders Breivik's manifesto and a knife-attack instructional manual, both found on a USB stick at his home), and one count of possessing a prohibited image of a child under section 62 of the [[Coroners and Justice Act 2009]]. He pleaded guilty to the child image count. Sentenced by Judge [[Anthony Leonard QC]] on 4 May 2021 to four years and four months plus one year extended licence. A [[Serious Crime Prevention Order]] restricting internet use was imposed for two years post-release. A 10-year terrorism notification period was also imposed.
[[Benjamin Hannam]] (22), serving Metropolitan Police constable of Edmonton, north London, a probationary officer: convicted on 1 April 2021 at the [[Central Criminal Court]] ([[Old Bailey]]) of National Action membership under section 11 of the Terrorism Act 2000, two counts of fraud by false representation under sections 1 and 2 of the [[Fraud Act 2006]] (lying on his Metropolitan Police Service application form and vetting form about BNP or similar organisation membership), two counts of possessing documents useful to a terrorist under section 58 of the Terrorism Act 2000 (Anders Breivik's manifesto and a knife-attack instructional manual, both found on a USB stick at his home), and one count of possessing a prohibited image of a child under section 62 of the [[Coroners and Justice Act 2009]]. He pleaded guilty to the child image count. Sentenced by Judge [[Anthony Leonard QC]] on 4 May 2021 to four years and four months plus one year extended licence. A [[Serious Crime Prevention Order]] restricting internet use was imposed for two years post-release. A 10-year terrorism notification period was also imposed.
Hannam became the first serving UK police officer convicted of a terrorism-related offence. He was dismissed from the Metropolitan Police via an accelerated gross misconduct hearing in April 2021, prior to sentencing.
Hannam had attended his first National Action meeting on 6 March 2016 at a pub in Paddington, joining the London branch. He continued with the organisation through summer 2017, including attending a post-proscription meeting in [[Swindon]] in January 2017, confirmed by CCTV footage, travel records, and financial transactions. He registered on Iron March under the username "Anglisc" shortly after joining National Action in March 2016. He applied to join the Metropolitan Police on 19 July 2017, falsely denying BNP-or-similar membership on both his application and vetting forms. His school had raised internal concerns about his views on immigration but was not contacted by the vetting unit.
He was identified by [[Counter Terrorism Command]] in February 2020 through the November 2019 Iron March database leak, and arrested on 5 March 2020. The prosecution described him as an "active recruiter" for National Action's London branch.[^5]
He was identified by [[Counter Terrorism Command]] in February 2020 through the November 2019 Iron March database leak, and arrested on 5 March 2020. The prosecution described him as an "active recruiter" for National Action's London branch.[^4]
#### Wave 5 (Winchester Crown Court, May 2022)
Alex Davies, co-founder (Swansea): found guilty on May 17, 2022 of membership between December 17, 2016 and September 27, 2017, sentenced to 8 years 6 months.[^4]
Alex Davies, co-founder (Swansea): found guilty on May 17, 2022 of membership between December 17, 2016 and September 27, 2017, sentenced to 8 years 6 months.[^5]
### O9A Integration via Ryan Fleming
@ -62,6 +62,6 @@ The principal documented channel through which [[Order of Nine Angles]] (O9A) id
[^1]: Crown Prosecution Service. "Members of banned British neo-Nazi group jailed." 2018. https://www.cps.gov.uk/cps/news/members-banned-british-neo-nazi-group-jailed; Home Office. "National Action proscription announcement." December 16, 2016.
[^2]: CTC West Point. "The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the 'Skull Mask' Neo-Fascist Network." https://ctc.westpoint.edu/the-iron-march-forum-and-the-evolution-of-the-skull-mask-neo-fascist-network/
[^3]: Crown Prosecution Service. "Life sentence for white supremacist MP murder plot." May 2019. https://www.cps.gov.uk/cps/news/life-sentence-white-supremacist-mp-murder-plot
[^4]: Crown Prosecution Service. "Co-founder of right-wing terror group convicted." May 2022. https://www.cps.gov.uk/cps/news/co-founder-right-wing-terror-group-convicted; Counter Terrorism Policing. "Year in review 2018 - National Action convictions." https://www.counterterrorism.police.uk/draft-a-year-in-review-2018-national-action-convictions/
[^5]: R v Hannam, Sentencing Remarks, Central Criminal Court, 4 May 2021. Judge Anthony Leonard QC. https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/R-v-Hannam-Setencing-Remarks.pdf; CPS. "Former police officer jailed for National Action membership." 4 May 2021. https://www.cps.gov.uk/cps/news/former-police-officer-jailed-national-action-membership
[^4]: R v Hannam, Sentencing Remarks, Central Criminal Court, 4 May 2021. Judge Anthony Leonard QC. https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/R-v-Hannam-Setencing-Remarks.pdf; CPS. "Former police officer jailed for National Action membership." 4 May 2021. https://www.cps.gov.uk/cps/news/former-police-officer-jailed-national-action-membership
[^5]: Crown Prosecution Service. "Co-founder of right-wing terror group convicted." May 2022. https://www.cps.gov.uk/cps/news/co-founder-right-wing-terror-group-convicted; Counter Terrorism Policing. "Year in review 2018 - National Action convictions." https://www.counterterrorism.police.uk/draft-a-year-in-review-2018-national-action-convictions/
[^6]: HOPE not hate. "Jailed! National Action paedophile behind bars." 29 July 2017. https://hopenothate.org.uk/2017/07/29/jailed-national-action-paedophile-behind-bars/; Jake Hanrahan (@Jake_Hanrahan). Twitter, 11 February 2021. https://x.com/Jake_Hanrahan/status/1360317804600324096

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20 - ORGANIZATIONS/Order of Nine Angles.md
View file

@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ tags:
- Proscription
- BritishIntelligence
created: 2026-05-21
updated: 2026-05-22
updated: 2026-09-22
summary: "The Order of Nine Angles is a British neo-Nazi occultist organization whose Insight Roles doctrine of committing crimes as spiritual initiation made it a foundational influence on Atomwaffen Division, Tempel ov Blood, and the broader accelerationist ecosystem, and which has never been proscribed in the UK despite eight terrorism convictions linked to it in two years."
start: 1980
location: "United Kingdom"
@ -80,33 +80,33 @@ Denton made Sutter's books (*Iron Gates*, *Liber 333*, and *Bluebird*) required
Between April 2019 and April 2021, [[HOPE not hate]] documented eight individuals linked to O9A who were convicted of terrorism offences in the United Kingdom. The majority were teenagers. The full named record from 2019 to early 2025 is as follows, incorporating those eight plus subsequent cases.[^8]
[[Michael Szewczuk]], 19, of Leeds (Sonnenkrieg Division co-founder), and [[Oskar Dunn-Koczorowski]], 18, of West London (Sonnenkrieg Division member), were sentenced at the [[Old Bailey]] on 18 June 2019 by Judge [[Rebecca Poulet QC]]. Szewczuk pleaded guilty to two counts of encouraging terrorism under section 1 of the [[Terrorism Act 2006]] and five counts of possessing documents useful to a terrorist under section 58 of the [[Terrorism Act 2000]], including the White Resistance Manual and the Al Qaeda Manual. He was sentenced to four years and three months in a Young Offenders' Institute. Dunn-Koczorowski pleaded guilty to two counts of encouraging terrorism and received an 18-month Detention and Training Order. Both operated personal accounts on the [[Gab]] social media platform under pseudonyms and shared control of the Sonnenkrieg Division's Gab page, posting propaganda encouraging lone-actor terrorism including imagery targeting Prince Harry as a "race traitor." The sentencing remarks were delivered by Judge Poulet QC.[^23]
[[Michael Szewczuk]], 19, of Leeds (Sonnenkrieg Division co-founder), and [[Oskar Dunn-Koczorowski]], 18, of West London (Sonnenkrieg Division member), were sentenced at the [[Old Bailey]] on 18 June 2019 by Judge [[Rebecca Poulet QC]]. Szewczuk pleaded guilty to two counts of encouraging terrorism under section 1 of the [[Terrorism Act 2006]] and five counts of possessing documents useful to a terrorist under section 58 of the [[Terrorism Act 2000]], including the White Resistance Manual and the Al Qaeda Manual. He was sentenced to four years and three months in a Young Offenders' Institute. Dunn-Koczorowski pleaded guilty to two counts of encouraging terrorism and received an 18-month Detention and Training Order. Both operated personal accounts on the [[Gab]] social media platform under pseudonyms and shared control of the Sonnenkrieg Division's Gab page, posting propaganda encouraging lone-actor terrorism including imagery targeting Prince Harry as a "race traitor." The sentencing remarks were delivered by Judge Poulet QC.[^9]
[[Jacek Tchorzewski]], 18, a Polish national residing in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, was stopped at [[Luton Airport]] on 20 February 2019 under Schedule 7 of the Terrorism Act 2000 by officers from the [[Eastern Region Specialist Operation Unit Counter Terrorism Policing]] (ERSOU CTP) before he could board a flight to Poland. Phone analysis uncovered a cache of terrorist manuals and bomb-making guides. He pleaded guilty at the Old Bailey on 21 June 2019 to 10 counts of possession of information likely useful to a person preparing an act of terrorism under section 58 of the Terrorism Act 2000, and was sentenced on 20 September 2019 to four years' imprisonment. A subsequent prosecution at [[Harrow Crown Court]] on 23 July 2020 for indecent images offences resulted in a concurrent 8-month sentence. Tchorzewski was described as holding deep neo-Nazi and Satanist beliefs; he was linked to Sonnenkrieg Division and had expressed a "dream" of carrying out a mass-casualty attack. He was also subject to a deportation order.[^24]
[[Jacek Tchorzewski]], 18, a Polish national residing in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, was stopped at [[Luton Airport]] on 20 February 2019 under Schedule 7 of the Terrorism Act 2000 by officers from the [[Eastern Region Specialist Operation Unit Counter Terrorism Policing]] (ERSOU CTP) before he could board a flight to Poland. Phone analysis uncovered a cache of terrorist manuals and bomb-making guides. He pleaded guilty at the Old Bailey on 21 June 2019 to 10 counts of possession of information likely useful to a person preparing an act of terrorism under section 58 of the Terrorism Act 2000, and was sentenced on 20 September 2019 to four years' imprisonment. A subsequent prosecution at [[Harrow Crown Court]] on 23 July 2020 for indecent images offences resulted in a concurrent 8-month sentence. Tchorzewski was described as holding deep neo-Nazi and Satanist beliefs; he was linked to Sonnenkrieg Division and had expressed a "dream" of carrying out a mass-casualty attack. He was also subject to a deportation order.[^10]
[[Jack Reed]], 16, of New Brancepeth, County Durham, was convicted at [[Manchester Crown Court]] in November 2019 of six terrorism offences: preparation of terrorist acts under section 5 of the Terrorism Act 2006, disseminating a terrorist publication, possessing an article for a terrorist purpose, and three counts of possessing a document useful to a terrorist under section 58 of the Terrorism Act 2000. An O9A symbol was hand-drawn on his handwritten manifesto, which he titled "Storm 88 - A Manual For Practical And Sensible Guerrilla Warfare Against The Kike System In The Durham City Area, Sieg Heil" and which listed schools, pubs, council buildings, and post offices as targets, alongside planned arson attacks on local synagogues. The prosecution described his ideology as "occult neo-Nazism." Judge [[David Stockdale QC]] sentenced Reed in January 2020 to six years and eight months' detention in a Young Offenders' Institute with a five-year extended licence, ordering that he serve two-thirds before Parole Board consideration. A separate concurrent sentence of 18 months' Detention Training Order was imposed on 23 December 2020 for five sexual assaults against a schoolgirl. Reed's anonymity order was later lifted following a successful application by journalists, and he was publicly named in January 2021.[^25]
[[Jack Reed]], 16, of New Brancepeth, County Durham, was convicted at [[Manchester Crown Court]] in November 2019 of six terrorism offences: preparation of terrorist acts under section 5 of the Terrorism Act 2006, disseminating a terrorist publication, possessing an article for a terrorist purpose, and three counts of possessing a document useful to a terrorist under section 58 of the Terrorism Act 2000. An O9A symbol was hand-drawn on his handwritten manifesto, which he titled "Storm 88 - A Manual For Practical And Sensible Guerrilla Warfare Against The Kike System In The Durham City Area, Sieg Heil" and which listed schools, pubs, council buildings, and post offices as targets, alongside planned arson attacks on local synagogues. The prosecution described his ideology as "occult neo-Nazism." Judge [[David Stockdale QC]] sentenced Reed in January 2020 to six years and eight months' detention in a Young Offenders' Institute with a five-year extended licence, ordering that he serve two-thirds before Parole Board consideration. A separate concurrent sentence of 18 months' Detention Training Order was imposed on 23 December 2020 for five sexual assaults against a schoolgirl. Reed's anonymity order was later lifted following a successful application by journalists, and he was publicly named in January 2021.[^11]
[[Harry Vaughan]], 18, of Kingston-upon-Thames, a grammar school student at [[Tiffin School]] who had achieved A-grade A-levels in maths, further maths, physics, and history, was arrested on 19 June 2019 in a Counter Terrorism Policing investigation into [[Fascist Forge]], an online extremist forum. He was charged with one count of encouraging terrorism (section 1, Terrorism Act 2006), one count of disseminating a terrorist publication (section 2, Terrorism Act 2006), 12 counts of possessing documents useful to a terrorist (section 58, Terrorism Act 2000), and two counts of possessing indecent images. He pleaded guilty on all counts. The documents on his devices included Sonnenkrieg Division propaganda of his own creation, bomb-making manuals, and a guide to killing people. Sentenced at the Old Bailey in November 2020 by Mr Justice Sweeney, who described him as "a dangerous offender," he received a two-year detention sentence suspended for two years, a result that drew criticism from counter-extremism researchers.[^26]
[[Harry Vaughan]], 18, of Kingston-upon-Thames, a grammar school student at [[Tiffin School]] who had achieved A-grade A-levels in maths, further maths, physics, and history, was arrested on 19 June 2019 in a Counter Terrorism Policing investigation into [[Fascist Forge]], an online extremist forum. He was charged with one count of encouraging terrorism (section 1, Terrorism Act 2006), one count of disseminating a terrorist publication (section 2, Terrorism Act 2006), 12 counts of possessing documents useful to a terrorist (section 58, Terrorism Act 2000), and two counts of possessing indecent images. He pleaded guilty on all counts. The documents on his devices included Sonnenkrieg Division propaganda of his own creation, bomb-making manuals, and a guide to killing people. Sentenced at the Old Bailey in November 2020 by Mr Justice Sweeney, who described him as "a dangerous offender," he received a two-year detention sentence suspended for two years, a result that drew criticism from counter-extremism researchers.[^12]
The cases of the unnamed Cornish teenager ([[Feuerkrieg Division]] UK leader, sentenced February 2021) and [[Benjamin Hannam]] (Metropolitan Police constable, sentenced May 2021) are documented in the existing page and in the [[National Action]] vault entry respectively. The unnamed Cornish defendant received a 24-month youth rehabilitation order; the [[Crown Prosecution Service]] press release confirmed that a copy of Iron Gates, the O9A-affiliated novel published by Martinet Press, was found during the 2019 police search of his home.[^27]
The cases of the unnamed Cornish teenager ([[Feuerkrieg Division]] UK leader, sentenced February 2021) and [[Benjamin Hannam]] (Metropolitan Police constable, sentenced May 2021) are documented in the existing page and in the [[National Action]] vault entry respectively. The unnamed Cornish defendant received a 24-month youth rehabilitation order; the [[Crown Prosecution Service]] press release confirmed that a copy of Iron Gates, the O9A-affiliated novel published by Martinet Press, was found during the 2019 police search of his home.[^13]
[[Danyal Hussein]], an 18-year-old Iraqi Kurd from [[Wembley]], was convicted on 6 July 2021 at the Old Bailey of the murders of sisters [[Bibaa Henry]] (46) and [[Nicole Smallman]] (27) in [[Fryent Country Park]], London, on 6 June 2020. Hussein had signed a handwritten contract in his own blood addressed to the demon [[Lucifuge Rofocale]], pledging to kill six women every six months in exchange for lottery winnings. He was sentenced to life with a minimum term of 35 years. Investigators found that he had been in contact with an individual closely associated with the Order of Nine Angles. The case was cited by [[Stephanie Peacock MP]] in October 2021 in renewed calls for O9A's proscription.[^11]
[[Danyal Hussein]], an 18-year-old Iraqi Kurd from [[Wembley]], was convicted on 6 July 2021 at the Old Bailey of the murders of sisters [[Bibaa Henry]] (46) and [[Nicole Smallman]] (27) in [[Fryent Country Park]], London, on 6 June 2020. Hussein had signed a handwritten contract in his own blood addressed to the demon [[Lucifuge Rofocale]], pledging to kill six women every six months in exchange for lottery winnings. He was sentenced to life with a minimum term of 35 years. Investigators found that he had been in contact with an individual closely associated with the Order of Nine Angles. The case was cited by [[Stephanie Peacock MP]] in October 2021 in renewed calls for O9A's proscription.[^14]
[[Ben John]], 21, of Lincoln, a criminology student at [[De Montfort University]] Leicester, was convicted at Leicester Crown Court on 12 August 2021 of one count of possessing a document useful to a terrorist under section 58 of the Terrorism Act 2000. Officers from Counter Terrorism Policing's East Midlands unit found a hard drive containing the Anarchy Cookbook, alongside white supremacist and antisemitic literature and material relating to O9A. Judge [[Timothy Spencer QC]] sentenced John on 31 August 2021 to two years' imprisonment suspended for two years, ordering him to read works of classic literature including Dickens and Austen, a direction that attracted widespread press criticism. Solicitor General [[Alex Chalk QC MP]] referred the sentence to the Court of Appeal under section 36 of the [[Criminal Justice Act 1988]] as unduly lenient. On 19 January 2022, the Court of Appeal increased the sentence to two years' immediate custody plus one year on licence.[^28]
[[Ben John]], 21, of Lincoln, a criminology student at [[De Montfort University]] Leicester, was convicted at Leicester Crown Court on 12 August 2021 of one count of possessing a document useful to a terrorist under section 58 of the Terrorism Act 2000. Officers from Counter Terrorism Policing's East Midlands unit found a hard drive containing the Anarchy Cookbook, alongside white supremacist and antisemitic literature and material relating to O9A. Judge [[Timothy Spencer QC]] sentenced John on 31 August 2021 to two years' imprisonment suspended for two years, ordering him to read works of classic literature including Dickens and Austen, a direction that attracted widespread press criticism. Solicitor General [[Alex Chalk QC MP]] referred the sentence to the Court of Appeal under section 36 of the [[Criminal Justice Act 1988]] as unduly lenient. On 19 January 2022, the Court of Appeal increased the sentence to two years' immediate custody plus one year on licence.[^15]
[[Luca Benincasa]], 20, of Cardiff, was sentenced at Winchester Crown Court on 26 January 2023 by Judge [[Jane Miller KC]] to five years and seven months for terrorism charges and an additional consecutive eight months for child images offences, with a three-year extended licence on the terrorism counts, for a total custodial term of approximately nine years and three months. He had pleaded guilty at Winchester Crown Court on 15 July 2022 to one count of membership of the proscribed organisation Feuerkrieg Division under section 11 of the Terrorism Act 2000 and four counts of possessing documents useful to a terrorist under section 58, including improvised explosive device and pipe-bomb manuals. Benincasa was the first person convicted of FKD membership since that group's proscription in July 2020. He had described himself as the "UK cell leader" of FKD and one of its key recruiters; Judge Miller KC found him to be "a prominent member." Press coverage described him as a "prominent ONA member," though the published sentencing remarks' specific language on O9A has not been independently verified and constitutes an open thread.[^29]
[[Luca Benincasa]], 20, of Cardiff, was sentenced at Winchester Crown Court on 26 January 2023 by Judge [[Jane Miller KC]] to five years and seven months for terrorism charges and an additional consecutive eight months for child images offences, with a three-year extended licence on the terrorism counts, for a total custodial term of approximately nine years and three months. He had pleaded guilty at Winchester Crown Court on 15 July 2022 to one count of membership of the proscribed organisation Feuerkrieg Division under section 11 of the Terrorism Act 2000 and four counts of possessing documents useful to a terrorist under section 58, including improvised explosive device and pipe-bomb manuals. Benincasa was the first person convicted of FKD membership since that group's proscription in July 2020. He had described himself as the "UK cell leader" of FKD and one of its key recruiters; Judge Miller KC found him to be "a prominent member." Press coverage described him as a "prominent ONA member," though the published sentencing remarks' specific language on O9A has not been independently verified and constitutes an open thread.[^16]
[[Ashley Podsiad-Sharp]], 42, a prison officer at [[HMP Armley]] in Leeds, was convicted at Sheffield Crown Court of one count of possessing terrorist material under section 58 of the Terrorism Act 2000 (acquitted of a second count of dissemination). He was sentenced on 31 August 2023 by Judge [[Jeremy Richardson KC]] to eight years' imprisonment plus five years' extended licence. His devices contained the White Resistance Manual, a 200-page publication containing sections on arson, poisoning, infrastructure sabotage, bomb-making, and evading police capture. He had been a former member of National Action before its proscription and had subsequently founded the [[White Stag Athletics Club]], which required members to hold white-supremacist and antisemitic views. Podsiad-Sharp showed, in the judge's assessment, "not one iota of remorse." The sentencing remarks are published on the Courts and Tribunals Judiciary website.[^30]
[[Ashley Podsiad-Sharp]], 42, a prison officer at [[HMP Armley]] in Leeds, was convicted at Sheffield Crown Court of one count of possessing terrorist material under section 58 of the Terrorism Act 2000 (acquitted of a second count of dissemination). He was sentenced on 31 August 2023 by Judge [[Jeremy Richardson KC]] to eight years' imprisonment plus five years' extended licence. His devices contained the White Resistance Manual, a 200-page publication containing sections on arson, poisoning, infrastructure sabotage, bomb-making, and evading police capture. He had been a former member of National Action before its proscription and had subsequently founded the [[White Stag Athletics Club]], which required members to hold white-supremacist and antisemitic views. Podsiad-Sharp showed, in the judge's assessment, "not one iota of remorse." The sentencing remarks are published on the Courts and Tribunals Judiciary website.[^17]
[[Declan George-Candiani]], 26, of Streatham, was stopped at [[Stansted Airport]] on 13 August 2024 by Counter Terrorism Command officers using Schedule 7 powers. His phone was analysed and he was arrested; an iPad was also seized from his home. He was convicted at the Old Bailey on 3 October 2024 of two counts of collecting material likely useful to a terrorist under section 58(1) of the Terrorism Act 2000 (acquitted of two further counts), and sentenced on 28 November 2024 to 23 months' imprisonment plus one year on licence, plus a 10-year terrorism notification requirement. Devices contained extreme right-wing manifestos, mass killer writings, and lone-wolf attack guides. In police interview, George-Candiani told officers he had developed an interest in O9A's "traditional Satanism," attributing his downloading of the material to that interest.[^31]
[[Declan George-Candiani]], 26, of Streatham, was stopped at [[Stansted Airport]] on 13 August 2024 by Counter Terrorism Command officers using Schedule 7 powers. His phone was analysed and he was arrested; an iPad was also seized from his home. He was convicted at the Old Bailey on 3 October 2024 of two counts of collecting material likely useful to a terrorist under section 58(1) of the Terrorism Act 2000 (acquitted of two further counts), and sentenced on 28 November 2024 to 23 months' imprisonment plus one year on licence, plus a 10-year terrorism notification requirement. Devices contained extreme right-wing manifestos, mass killer writings, and lone-wolf attack guides. In police interview, George-Candiani told officers he had developed an interest in O9A's "traditional Satanism," attributing his downloading of the material to that interest.[^18]
[[Cameron Finnigan]], 19, of Horsham, West Sussex, joined the 764 online extremist group in late 2023. Counter Terrorism Policing became aware of him in March 2024. He pleaded guilty on 4 October 2024 to five counts: one count of possessing a document for terrorist purposes under section 58 of the Terrorism Act 2000 (an 11-page PDF outlining truck, knife, and firearm mass-casualty attack planning), one count of doing an act capable of encouraging or assisting suicide under section 2 of the [[Suicide Act 1961]] as amended (encouraging a young woman to livestream her suicide to his Telegram group), two counts of criminal damage, and one count of possessing indecent images. He was sentenced at the Central Criminal Court on 16 January 2025 by Mr Justice Jay to six years' imprisonment plus three years' extended licence. The judge assessed him as posing a high risk of serious harm to the public, including children, and applied a 25% reduction for youth and mental health. The sentencing remarks are published on the judiciary.uk website.[^32]
[[Cameron Finnigan]], 19, of Horsham, West Sussex, joined the 764 online extremist group in late 2023. Counter Terrorism Policing became aware of him in March 2024. He pleaded guilty on 4 October 2024 to five counts: one count of possessing a document for terrorist purposes under section 58 of the Terrorism Act 2000 (an 11-page PDF outlining truck, knife, and firearm mass-casualty attack planning), one count of doing an act capable of encouraging or assisting suicide under section 2 of the [[Suicide Act 1961]] as amended (encouraging a young woman to livestream her suicide to his Telegram group), two counts of criminal damage, and one count of possessing indecent images. He was sentenced at the Central Criminal Court on 16 January 2025 by Mr Justice Jay to six years' imprisonment plus three years' extended licence. The judge assessed him as posing a high risk of serious harm to the public, including children, and applied a 25% reduction for youth and mental health. The sentencing remarks are published on the judiciary.uk website.[^19]
### Criminal Cases Linked to O9A: International
Documented individuals who committed or planned violence while affiliated with or influenced by O9A include:
[[Ethan Phelan Melzer]], a U.S. Army Private in the 173rd Airborne Brigade who, under the alias "Etil Reggad," transmitted classified information about his unit's planned deployment to Turkey to O9A members on [[Telegram]], conspiring to facilitate a mass-casualty attack on his own soldiers. Arrested May 2020 in Vicenza, Italy; convicted in the Southern District of New York; sentenced March 2023 to 45 years in prison.[^12]
[[Ethan Phelan Melzer]], a U.S. Army Private in the 173rd Airborne Brigade who, under the alias "Etil Reggad," transmitted classified information about his unit's planned deployment to Turkey to O9A members on [[Telegram]], conspiring to facilitate a mass-casualty attack on his own soldiers. Arrested May 2020 in Vicenza, Italy; convicted in the Southern District of New York; sentenced March 2023 to 45 years in prison.[^20]
[[Guilherme Von Neutegem]], a Canadian O9A adherent charged with murder for killing a victim outside a mosque in Toronto in 2020.
@ -118,27 +118,27 @@ Documented individuals who committed or planned violence while affiliated with o
### The Proscription Non-Decision
O9A has not been proscribed in the United Kingdom as of mid-2026. The [[Home Office]] proscription criteria under Section 3 of the Terrorism Act 2000 require the Home Secretary to believe that an organisation is "concerned in terrorism," meaning it: (a) commits or participates in acts of terrorism; (b) prepares for terrorism; (c) promotes or encourages terrorism; or (d) is otherwise concerned in terrorism. If the statutory test is met, the Home Secretary then applies discretionary factors including the nature and scale of the organisation's activities and the need to support the international counter-terrorism community.[^13]
O9A has not been proscribed in the United Kingdom as of mid-2026. The [[Home Office]] proscription criteria under Section 3 of the Terrorism Act 2000 require the Home Secretary to believe that an organisation is "concerned in terrorism," meaning it: (a) commits or participates in acts of terrorism; (b) prepares for terrorism; (c) promotes or encourages terrorism; or (d) is otherwise concerned in terrorism. If the statutory test is met, the Home Secretary then applies discretionary factors including the nature and scale of the organisation's activities and the need to support the international counter-terrorism community.[^21]
The legal and structural problem O9A presents for proscription is its deliberate decentralisation. O9A has no formal membership rolls, no governing body, no public leadership structure, and no legal entity. Its basic unit is the autonomous nexion, connected by shared texts rather than hierarchy. Proscription under the Terrorism Act 2000 operates on the premise that there is an "organisation" whose members can then be charged with membership offences under Section 11. If the Home Office concludes that O9A's structure is too diffuse to constitute an "organisation" in the statutory sense, the proscription mechanism becomes legally uncertain even if the substantive test of concern in terrorism is met. This structural problem does not appear to have been definitively addressed in any published government document, but it is widely cited by counter-extremism researchers as the most likely non-political reason for the non-decision.[^14]
The legal and structural problem O9A presents for proscription is its deliberate decentralisation. O9A has no formal membership rolls, no governing body, no public leadership structure, and no legal entity. Its basic unit is the autonomous nexion, connected by shared texts rather than hierarchy. Proscription under the Terrorism Act 2000 operates on the premise that there is an "organisation" whose members can then be charged with membership offences under Section 11. If the Home Office concludes that O9A's structure is too diffuse to constitute an "organisation" in the statutory sense, the proscription mechanism becomes legally uncertain even if the substantive test of concern in terrorism is met. This structural problem does not appear to have been definitively addressed in any published government document, but it is widely cited by counter-extremism researchers as the most likely non-political reason for the non-decision.[^22]
### Parliamentary Campaign for Proscription: Timeline
March 2020: HOPE not hate formally called for O9A proscription in its *State of Hate 2020* report, characterising O9A as "an incubator of terrorism."[^15]
March 2020: HOPE not hate formally called for O9A proscription in its *State of Hate 2020* report, characterising O9A as "an incubator of terrorism."[^23]
March 2020: [[Yvette Cooper]], chair of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]], called on the Home Secretary to "immediately" refer O9A to the proscription review group, following the New Statesman investigation that documented O9A materials being held under restricted access at the [[British Library]].[^16]
March 2020: [[Yvette Cooper]], chair of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]], called on the Home Secretary to "immediately" refer O9A to the proscription review group, following the New Statesman investigation that documented O9A materials being held under restricted access at the [[British Library]].[^24]
19 April 2021: HOPE not hate published "Government misses opportunity to proscribe Order of Nine Angles" on the same day the Home Office announced the proscription of Atomwaffen Division and [[The Base]] under the Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) (No. 3) Order 2021. Hope not Hate CEO [[Nick Lowles]] stated: "The government's counter-terrorism strategy against the far-right threat remains deeply troubling." The statement argued that O9A had been recommended for proscription over a year earlier and that its influence on proscribed groups including Atomwaffen Division made the omission incoherent.[^17]
19 April 2021: HOPE not hate published "Government misses opportunity to proscribe Order of Nine Angles" on the same day the Home Office announced the proscription of Atomwaffen Division; [[The Base]] followed in July 2021.[^25] Hope not Hate CEO [[Nick Lowles]] stated: "The government's counter-terrorism strategy against the far-right threat remains deeply troubling." The statement argued that O9A had been recommended for proscription over a year earlier and that its influence on proscribed groups including Atomwaffen Division made the omission incoherent.[^26]
13 July 2021: Parliamentary debate, "Prevention and Suppression of Terrorism" (HC Deb), featuring extended discussion of O9A. [[Stephanie Peacock]] (Labour, Barnsley East) and [[Stephen Doughty]] (Labour, Cardiff South and Penarth) both called on the Home Secretary to proscribe O9A. The minister's response was the standard formula: the government "will not provide any commentary on which groups are or are not being considered for proscription by the review group" and that "the proscription review process is robust and working as it should."[^18]
13 July 2021: Parliamentary debate, "Prevention and Suppression of Terrorism" (HC Deb), featuring extended discussion of O9A. [[Stephanie Peacock]] (Labour, Barnsley East) and [[Stephen Doughty]] (Labour, Cardiff South and Penarth) both called on the Home Secretary to proscribe O9A. The minister's response was the standard formula: the government "will not provide any commentary on which groups are or are not being considered for proscription by the review group" and that "the proscription review process is robust and working as it should."[^27]
October 2021: Peacock renewed her call for proscription in response to the Danyal Hussein conviction, citing his contact with an O9A-associated individual as evidence that O9A's influence was translating into direct harm on British streets.[^11]
October 2021: Peacock renewed her call for proscription in response to the Danyal Hussein conviction, citing his contact with an O9A-associated individual as evidence that O9A's influence was translating into direct harm on British streets.[^14]
18 July 2023: CONTEST 2023, the fourth iteration of the UK counter-terrorism strategy, identified extreme right-wing terrorism as accounting for approximately 22 per cent of UK attacks since 2018 and approximately 25 per cent of MI5's caseload. It listed proscribed far-right organisations including Feuerkrieg Division, Atomwaffen Division, [[Sonnenkrieg Division]], and The Base, but did not name O9A in accessible sections as either proscribed or under active review.[^33]
18 July 2023: CONTEST 2023, the fourth iteration of the UK counter-terrorism strategy, identified extreme right-wing terrorism as accounting for approximately 22 per cent of UK attacks since 2018 and approximately 25 per cent of MI5's caseload. It listed proscribed far-right organisations including Feuerkrieg Division, Atomwaffen Division, [[Sonnenkrieg Division]], and The Base, but did not name O9A in accessible sections as either proscribed or under active review.[^28]
15 September 2023: The Home Office Proscription Factsheet described the proscription review process and criteria in general terms but made no reference to O9A.[^34]
15 September 2023: The Home Office Proscription Factsheet described the proscription review process and criteria in general terms but made no reference to O9A.[^29]
2 July 2025: The [[House of Commons]] debated the draft Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) Order 2025, which proscribed three new organisations: [[Maniac Murder Cult]] (a US-based accelerationist group with documented O9A and 764 connections), [[Palestine Action]], and the [[Russian Imperial Movement]]. The Order was approved by 385 votes to 26 after a division. O9A was not included. During the debate, the parliamentary chair of HOPE not hate again urged the government to consider O9A proscription; the minister's response was the standard formula that the government does not comment on groups under or not under consideration. The Order bears SI number 9780348273373.[^35]
2 July 2025: The [[House of Commons]] debated the draft Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) Order 2025, which proscribed three new organisations: [[Maniac Murder Cult]] (a US-based accelerationist group with documented O9A and 764 connections), [[Palestine Action]], and the [[Russian Imperial Movement]]. The Order was approved by 385 votes to 26 after a division. O9A was not included. During the debate, the parliamentary chair of HOPE not hate again urged the government to consider O9A proscription; the minister's response was the standard formula that the government does not comment on groups under or not under consideration. The Order bears SI number 9780348273373.[^30]
No proscription of O9A has been announced as of mid-2026. The government's consistent refusal to explain the non-decision stands in contrast to the public reasoning given for other proscriptions. When National Action was proscribed in December 2016, [[Amber Rudd]] made a public statement characterising it as "a racist, antisemitic and homophobic organisation which stirs up hatred, glorifies violence and promotes a vile ideology." No equivalent statement characterising O9A as below the threshold, or as failing the statutory test on structural grounds, has been published.
@ -146,25 +146,25 @@ No proscription of O9A has been announced as of mid-2026. The government's consi
The gap between O9A's legal status and that of its downstream networks is substantial. The following proscribed organisations have documented O9A connections:
Sonnenkrieg Division (proscribed February 2020): explicitly modelled on O9A philosophy and Atomwaffen Division; five members convicted of terrorism charges in the UK.[^19]
Sonnenkrieg Division (proscribed February 2020): explicitly modelled on O9A philosophy and Atomwaffen Division; five members convicted of terrorism charges in the UK.[^31]
Atomwaffen Division (proscribed April 2021): ideologically shaped by O9A through Tempel ov Blood and Joshua Caleb Sutter; considered O9A texts required reading.[^17]
Atomwaffen Division (proscribed April 2021): ideologically shaped by O9A through Tempel ov Blood and Joshua Caleb Sutter; considered O9A texts required reading.[^26]
The Base (proscribed April 2021): structurally influenced by O9A's nexion model; [[Rinaldo Nazzaro]] incorporated O9A aesthetics and doctrine.[^17]
The Base (proscribed July 2021): structurally influenced by O9A's nexion model; [[Rinaldo Nazzaro]] incorporated O9A aesthetics and doctrine.[^26]
[[Combat 18]] (proscribed February 2020, S.I. 2020/200): the organisation in which David Myatt, O9A's attributed founder, served as "ideological heavyweight." Proscribed while O9A itself is not.[^20]
[[Combat 18]] (banned in Germany in January 2020; not proscribed in the United Kingdom): the organisation in which David Myatt, O9A's attributed founder, served as "ideological heavyweight."[^32] The Order of 2020, S.I. 2020/200, added only the Sonnenkrieg Division among far-right groups.[^25]
### New Zealand Designation
[[New Zealand]] designated O9A as a terrorist organisation in 2025, making it one of the few countries to have taken formal legal action against the organisation itself rather than merely prosecuting individual adherents. The OpenSanctions database records the NZ listing; the specific New Zealand Gazette reference and enabling legislation have not been retrieved in this research run and constitute an open thread.[^21]
[[New Zealand]] designated O9A as a terrorist organisation in 2025, making it one of the few countries to have taken formal legal action against the organisation itself rather than merely prosecuting individual adherents. The OpenSanctions database records the NZ listing; the specific New Zealand Gazette reference and enabling legislation have not been retrieved in this research run and constitute an open thread.[^33]
### O9A Texts and the British Library
A specific detail from the March 2020 New Statesman investigation: O9A materials were being held in a secure, supervised section of the British Library, accessible only under controlled conditions. This is a standard British Library procedure for materials assessed as potentially harmful rather than a formal legal restriction, but it was cited in the Yvette Cooper proscription call as evidence of the state's implicit recognition of O9A's dangerous character while formal proscription remained absent.[^16]
A specific detail from the March 2020 New Statesman investigation: O9A materials were being held in a secure, supervised section of the British Library, accessible only under controlled conditions. This is a standard British Library procedure for materials assessed as potentially harmful rather than a formal legal restriction, but it was cited in the Yvette Cooper proscription call as evidence of the state's implicit recognition of O9A's dangerous character while formal proscription remained absent.[^24]
### O9A and the 764 Ecosystem
O9A's influence on 764 is documented but operates at one remove. 764 is not an O9A nexion and its members do not generally identify as O9A adherents. The connection works through three channels: first, aesthetic adoption, as 764 groups took on O9A visual symbolism and nomenclature; second, structural parallel, as the insight roles doctrine of committing crimes as spiritual progression mirrors 764's content economy in which criminal acts are required for advancement; third, distribution pipeline, as *Iron Gates* and other O9A texts circulated through Terrorgram channels that overlapped with the 764 radicalization environment. The ISD characterized O9A materials as having "directly influenced the operational practices of 764."[^22]
O9A's influence on 764 is documented but operates at one remove. 764 is not an O9A nexion and its members do not generally identify as O9A adherents. The connection works through three channels: first, aesthetic adoption, as 764 groups took on O9A visual symbolism and nomenclature; second, structural parallel, as the insight roles doctrine of committing crimes as spiritual progression mirrors 764's content economy in which criminal acts are required for advancement; third, distribution pipeline, as *Iron Gates* and other O9A texts circulated through Terrorgram channels that overlapped with the 764 radicalization environment. The ISD characterized O9A materials as having "directly influenced the operational practices of 764."[^34]
### Footnotes
@ -176,43 +176,29 @@ O9A's influence on 764 is documented but operates at one remove. 764 is not an O
[^6]: Vice. "FBI Bankrolled Publisher of Occult Neo-Nazi Books, Feds Claim." 2021. https://www.vice.com/en/article/fbi-bankrolled-publisher-of-occult-neo-nazi-books-feds-claim/
[^7]: Internet Archive. *Iron Gates* (Tempel ov Blood). https://archive.org/details/tempel-ov-blood-iron-gates-text
[^8]: ISD Global. "The Order of Nine Angles." Explainer, August 2022. https://www.isdglobal.org/isd-explainer/the-order-of-nine-angles/ Full report: https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/O9A-ISD-External-August2022.pdf
[^9]: Pirate FM / planetradio.co.uk. "Teenager from Cornwall becomes one of Britain's youngest convicted terrorists." February 2021; Washington Examiner, "Neo-Nazi teenager becomes UK's youngest person to be convicted of terrorism charges," 2021.
[^10]: Crown Prosecution Service / National Action case records. See National Action vault entry for full Hannam prosecution details.
[^11]: GB News. "Campaigners renew call to ban Nazi-occultist group following Satanist murders of two sisters." 2021. https://www.gbnews.com/news/campaigners-renew-call-to-ban-nazi-occultist-group-following-satanist-murders-of-two-sisters/149664; Stephanie Peacock MP website. https://www.stephaniepeacock.org.uk/stephanie_calls_on_home_secretary_to_proscribe_murderous_nazi_occultist_group/
[^12]: U.S. Department of Justice, USAO-SDNY. "Former U.S. Army Soldier Sentenced To 45 Years In Prison For Attempting To Murder Fellow Service Members In Deadly Ambush." Press Release, March 2023. https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/former-us-army-soldier-sentenced-45-years-prison-attempting-murder-fellow-service
[^13]: Section 3, Terrorism Act 2000. https://www.lawglobalhub.com/section-3-terrorism-act-2000-uk/; Home Office Factsheet: Proscription, September 15, 2023. https://homeofficemedia.blog.gov.uk/2023/09/15/factsheet-proscription/
[^14]: Northumbria Journal of Law and Practice. "The law relating to Proscription of terrorist organisations." https://www.northumbriajournals.co.uk/index.php/sjppar/article/download/873/1276/2703
[^15]: HOPE not hate. "Order of Nine Angles: An Incubator of Terrorism. State of Hate 2020." https://hopenothate.org.uk/chapter/order-of-nine-angles-an-incubator-of-terrorism/
[^16]: New Statesman. "A Nazi-satanist cult is fuelling far-right groups — overlooked by the UK authorities," March 2020. https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk-politics/2020/03/nazi-satanist-cult-fuelling-far-right-terrorist-groups-overlooked-uk-authorities-order-nine-angles
[^17]: HOPE not hate. "Government misses opportunity to proscribe Order of Nine Angles," April 19, 2021. https://hopenothate.org.uk/2021/04/19/atomwaffen-order-nine-angles/; Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) (No. 3) Order 2021, UK Statutory Instrument 2021/9780348229288.
[^18]: Hansard, HC Deb, 13 July 2021, "Prevention and Suppression of Terrorism." https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2021-07-13/debates/673D4D8F-D90C-450B-B7E8-26B63018E5D3/PreventionAndSuppressionOfTerrorism
[^19]: Counter Terrorism Policing. "Neo-Nazi Group Sonnenkrieg Division Proscribed." https://www.counterterrorism.police.uk/news/neo-nazi-group-sonnenkrieg-division-proscribed-counter-terrorism-police/; Middlebury CTEC. "Dangerous Organizations and Bad Actors: Sonnenkrieg Division." https://www.middlebury.edu/institute/academics/centers-initiatives/ctec/ctec-publications/dangerous-organizations-and-bad-actors-2
[^20]: The Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) Order 2020, S.I. 2020/200. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2020/200/contents/made
[^21]: OpenSanctions. "Order of Nine Angles (O9A)." https://www.opensanctions.org/entities/nz-terr-order-of-nine-angles-o9a/
[^22]: Rise to Peace. "The 764 Network and the Architecture of Digital Nihilism." February 2026. https://www.risetopeace.org/2026/02/11/the-764-network-and-the-architecture-of-digital-nihilism/fellows/
[^23]: Washington Post. "Two British teens just convicted for promoting far-right terrorism online." June 18, 2019. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2019/06/18/two-british-teens-just-convicted-promoting-far-right-terrorism-online/; HOPE not hate. "Jailed neo-Nazi Satanists were a legacy of National Action." June 18, 2019. https://hopenothate.org.uk/2019/06/18/jailed-neo-nazi-satanists-legacy-national-action/
[^24]: Campaign Against Antisemitism. "Hitler-loving neo-Nazi who said it was his 'dream' to create a bloodbath arrested at Luton Airport and sentenced to four years." September 2019. https://antisemitism.org/hitler-loving-neo-nazi-who-said-it-was-his-dream-to-create-a-bloodbath-arrested-at-luton-airport-and-sentenced-to-four-years-in-prison; HS Today. "Police Find Sexual Abuse Images on Phone of Convicted Right-Wing Extremist." 2020. https://www.hstoday.us/subject-matter-areas/counterterrorism/police-find-sexual-abuse-images-on-phone-of-convicted-right-wing-extremist/
[^25]: ITV News Tyne Tees. "Neo-Nazi teenager convicted of preparing to commit terrorist acts." November 20, 2019. https://www.itv.com/news/tyne-tees/2019-11-20/neo-nazi-teenager-convicted-of-preparing-to-commit-terrorist-acts; Enfield Independent (PA). "Nazi terrorist named after judge rejects anonymity bid." 2021. https://www.enfieldindependent.co.uk/news/national/19002125.nazi-terrorist-named-judge-rejects-anonymity-bid/
[^26]: ITV News London. "Teenage Satanist neo-Nazi avoids jail after admitting 14 terror offences." November 2, 2020. https://www.itv.com/news/london/2020-11-02/teenage-satanist-neo-nazi-harry-vaughan-sentenced-for-terror-offences; Far-Right Criminals. "Harry Vaughan: Neo-Nazi teenager sentenced." November 2, 2020. https://far-rightcriminals.com/2020/11/02/harry-vaughan-neo-nazi-teenager-sentenced/
[^27]: Crown Prosecution Service. "Youngest British terrorist sentenced for neo-Nazi manuals stash." February 2021. https://www.cps.gov.uk/cps/news/youngest-british-terrorist-sentenced-neo-nazi-manuals-stash
[^28]: GOV.UK. "Ben John's sentence increased following personal intervention by the Solicitor General." January 2022. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ben-johns-sentence-increased-following-personal-intervention-by-the-solicitor-general--3; ITV News Central. "White supremacist Ben John told to read books by Judge who spared him jail imprisoned upon appeal." January 19, 2022. https://www.itv.com/news/central/2022-01-19/white-supremacist-ben-john-told-to-read-books-by-judge-who-spared-him-jail-imprisoned-upon-appeal
[^29]: ITV News Wales. "Neo-Nazi, 20, from Cardiff jailed for being member of far-right terror group." January 26, 2023. https://www.itv.com/news/wales/2023-01-26/dangerous-neo-nazi-jailed-for-being-a-member-of-far-right-terror-group; Tell MAMA. "Neo-Nazi Luca Benincasa jailed for terrorism offences and child abuse images." 2023. https://tellmamauk.org/neo-nazi-luca-benincasa-jailed-for-terrorism-offences-and-child-abuse-images/
[^30]: R v Ashley Podsiad Sharp, Sentencing Remarks, Sheffield Crown Court, 31 August 2023. Judge Jeremy Richardson KC. https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/R-v-Ashley-Podsiad-Sharp.pdf; ITV News Calendar. "Leeds Prison officer Ashley Podsiad-Sharp jailed over 'white supremacist murder manual'." August 31, 2023. https://www.itv.com/news/calendar/2023-08-31/prison-officer-had-white-supremacist-murder-manual
[^31]: Metropolitan Police. "Man convicted of terrorism offences after schedule 7 stop." https://news.met.police.uk/news/man-convicted-of-terrorism-offences-after-schedule-7-stop-501766; Metropolitan Police. "Man jailed for offences under the Terrorism Act." https://news.met.police.uk/news/man-jailed-for-offences-under-the-terrorism-act-503818; Counter Terrorism Policing. "Man convicted of terrorism offences after schedule 7 stop." https://www.counterterrorism.police.uk/man-convicted-of-terrorism-offences-after-schedule-7-stop/
[^32]: R v Cameron Finnigan, Sentencing Remarks, Central Criminal Court, 16 January 2025. Mr Justice Jay. https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/R-v-Finnigan.pdf; Sussex Police. "Man sentenced for terror offences." January 2025. https://www.sussex.police.uk/news/sussex/news/court-results/man-sentenced-for-terror-offences/
[^33]: Counter-Terrorism Strategy (CONTEST) 2023. Home Office / GOV.UK, 18 July 2023. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1186413/CONTEST_2023_English_updated.pdf
[^34]: Home Office. "Factsheet: Proscription." 15 September 2023. https://homeofficemedia.blog.gov.uk/2023/09/15/factsheet-proscription/
[^35]: Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) Order 2025. SI 9780348273373. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukdsi/2025/9780348273373; Hansard, HC Deb, 2 July 2025, "Prevention and Suppression of Terrorism." https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2025-07-02/debates/6C9338E8-E516-494A-81A2-B3FEF549DD48/PreventionAndSuppressionOfTerrorism
[^9]: Washington Post. "Two British teens just convicted for promoting far-right terrorism online." June 18, 2019. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2019/06/18/two-british-teens-just-convicted-promoting-far-right-terrorism-online/; HOPE not hate. "Jailed neo-Nazi Satanists were a legacy of National Action." June 18, 2019. https://hopenothate.org.uk/2019/06/18/jailed-neo-nazi-satanists-legacy-national-action/
[^10]: Campaign Against Antisemitism. "Hitler-loving neo-Nazi who said it was his 'dream' to create a bloodbath arrested at Luton Airport and sentenced to four years." September 2019. https://antisemitism.org/hitler-loving-neo-nazi-who-said-it-was-his-dream-to-create-a-bloodbath-arrested-at-luton-airport-and-sentenced-to-four-years-in-prison; HS Today. "Police Find Sexual Abuse Images on Phone of Convicted Right-Wing Extremist." 2020. https://www.hstoday.us/subject-matter-areas/counterterrorism/police-find-sexual-abuse-images-on-phone-of-convicted-right-wing-extremist/
[^11]: ITV News Tyne Tees. "Neo-Nazi teenager convicted of preparing to commit terrorist acts." November 20, 2019. https://www.itv.com/news/tyne-tees/2019-11-20/neo-nazi-teenager-convicted-of-preparing-to-commit-terrorist-acts; Enfield Independent (PA). "Nazi terrorist named after judge rejects anonymity bid." 2021. https://www.enfieldindependent.co.uk/news/national/19002125.nazi-terrorist-named-judge-rejects-anonymity-bid/
[^12]: ITV News London. "Teenage Satanist neo-Nazi avoids jail after admitting 14 terror offences." November 2, 2020. https://www.itv.com/news/london/2020-11-02/teenage-satanist-neo-nazi-harry-vaughan-sentenced-for-terror-offences; Far-Right Criminals. "Harry Vaughan: Neo-Nazi teenager sentenced." November 2, 2020. https://far-rightcriminals.com/2020/11/02/harry-vaughan-neo-nazi-teenager-sentenced/
[^13]: Crown Prosecution Service. "Youngest British terrorist sentenced for neo-Nazi manuals stash." February 2021. https://www.cps.gov.uk/cps/news/youngest-british-terrorist-sentenced-neo-nazi-manuals-stash
[^14]: GB News. "Campaigners renew call to ban Nazi-occultist group following Satanist murders of two sisters." 2021. https://www.gbnews.com/news/campaigners-renew-call-to-ban-nazi-occultist-group-following-satanist-murders-of-two-sisters/149664; Stephanie Peacock MP website. https://www.stephaniepeacock.org.uk/stephanie_calls_on_home_secretary_to_proscribe_murderous_nazi_occultist_group/
[^15]: GOV.UK. "Ben John's sentence increased following personal intervention by the Solicitor General." January 2022. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ben-johns-sentence-increased-following-personal-intervention-by-the-solicitor-general--3; ITV News Central. "White supremacist Ben John told to read books by Judge who spared him jail imprisoned upon appeal." January 19, 2022. https://www.itv.com/news/central/2022-01-19/white-supremacist-ben-john-told-to-read-books-by-judge-who-spared-him-jail-imprisoned-upon-appeal
[^16]: ITV News Wales. "Neo-Nazi, 20, from Cardiff jailed for being member of far-right terror group." January 26, 2023. https://www.itv.com/news/wales/2023-01-26/dangerous-neo-nazi-jailed-for-being-a-member-of-far-right-terror-group; Tell MAMA. "Neo-Nazi Luca Benincasa jailed for terrorism offences and child abuse images." 2023. https://tellmamauk.org/neo-nazi-luca-benincasa-jailed-for-terrorism-offences-and-child-abuse-images/
[^17]: R v Ashley Podsiad Sharp, Sentencing Remarks, Sheffield Crown Court, 31 August 2023. Judge Jeremy Richardson KC. https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/R-v-Ashley-Podsiad-Sharp.pdf; ITV News Calendar. "Leeds Prison officer Ashley Podsiad-Sharp jailed over 'white supremacist murder manual'." August 31, 2023. https://www.itv.com/news/calendar/2023-08-31/prison-officer-had-white-supremacist-murder-manual
[^18]: Metropolitan Police. "Man convicted of terrorism offences after schedule 7 stop." https://news.met.police.uk/news/man-convicted-of-terrorism-offences-after-schedule-7-stop-501766; Metropolitan Police. "Man jailed for offences under the Terrorism Act." https://news.met.police.uk/news/man-jailed-for-offences-under-the-terrorism-act-503818; Counter Terrorism Policing. "Man convicted of terrorism offences after schedule 7 stop." https://www.counterterrorism.police.uk/man-convicted-of-terrorism-offences-after-schedule-7-stop/
[^19]: R v Cameron Finnigan, Sentencing Remarks, Central Criminal Court, 16 January 2025. Mr Justice Jay. https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/R-v-Finnigan.pdf; Sussex Police. "Man sentenced for terror offences." January 2025. https://www.sussex.police.uk/news/sussex/news/court-results/man-sentenced-for-terror-offences/
[^20]: U.S. Department of Justice, USAO-SDNY. "Former U.S. Army Soldier Sentenced To 45 Years In Prison For Attempting To Murder Fellow Service Members In Deadly Ambush." Press Release, March 2023. https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/former-us-army-soldier-sentenced-45-years-prison-attempting-murder-fellow-service
[^21]: Section 3, Terrorism Act 2000. https://www.lawglobalhub.com/section-3-terrorism-act-2000-uk/; Home Office Factsheet: Proscription, September 15, 2023. https://homeofficemedia.blog.gov.uk/2023/09/15/factsheet-proscription/
[^22]: Northumbria Journal of Law and Practice. "The law relating to Proscription of terrorist organisations." https://www.northumbriajournals.co.uk/index.php/sjppar/article/download/873/1276/2703
[^23]: HOPE not hate. "Order of Nine Angles: An Incubator of Terrorism. State of Hate 2020." https://hopenothate.org.uk/chapter/order-of-nine-angles-an-incubator-of-terrorism/
[^24]: New Statesman. "A Nazi-satanist cult is fuelling far-right groups — overlooked by the UK authorities," March 2020. https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk-politics/2020/03/nazi-satanist-cult-fuelling-far-right-terrorist-groups-overlooked-uk-authorities-order-nine-angles
[^25]: The Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) Order 2020, S.I. 2020/200, art. 2, https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2020/200/made; Home Office, "Proscribed terrorist groups or organisations," updated July 7, 2026, GOV.UK.
[^26]: HOPE not hate. "Government misses opportunity to proscribe Order of Nine Angles," April 19, 2021. https://hopenothate.org.uk/2021/04/19/atomwaffen-order-nine-angles/; Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) (No. 3) Order 2021, UK Statutory Instrument 2021/9780348229288.
[^27]: Hansard, HC Deb, 13 July 2021, "Prevention and Suppression of Terrorism." https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2021-07-13/debates/673D4D8F-D90C-450B-B7E8-26B63018E5D3/PreventionAndSuppressionOfTerrorism
[^28]: Counter-Terrorism Strategy (CONTEST) 2023. Home Office / GOV.UK, 18 July 2023. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1186413/CONTEST_2023_English_updated.pdf
[^29]: Home Office. "Factsheet: Proscription." 15 September 2023. https://homeofficemedia.blog.gov.uk/2023/09/15/factsheet-proscription/
[^30]: Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) Order 2025. SI 9780348273373. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukdsi/2025/9780348273373; Hansard, HC Deb, 2 July 2025, "Prevention and Suppression of Terrorism." https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2025-07-02/debates/6C9338E8-E516-494A-81A2-B3FEF549DD48/PreventionAndSuppressionOfTerrorism
[^31]: Counter Terrorism Policing. "Neo-Nazi Group Sonnenkrieg Division Proscribed." https://www.counterterrorism.police.uk/news/neo-nazi-group-sonnenkrieg-division-proscribed-counter-terrorism-police/; Middlebury CTEC. "Dangerous Organizations and Bad Actors: Sonnenkrieg Division." https://www.middlebury.edu/institute/academics/centers-initiatives/ctec/ctec-publications/dangerous-organizations-and-bad-actors-2
[^32]: The Terrorism Act 2000 (Proscribed Organisations) (Amendment) Order 2020, S.I. 2020/200. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2020/200/contents/made
[^33]: OpenSanctions. "Order of Nine Angles (O9A)." https://www.opensanctions.org/entities/nz-terr-order-of-nine-angles-o9a/
[^34]: Rise to Peace. "The 764 Network and the Architecture of Digital Nihilism." February 2026. https://www.risetopeace.org/2026/02/11/the-764-network-and-the-architecture-of-digital-nihilism/fellows/

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---
category: "Private Organization"
aliases:
- "The Daily Mirror"
- "Mirror"
tags:
- Organization
- Newspaper
- UK
- RobertMaxwell
summary: "London daily founded by Alfred Harmsworth in 1903 and owned by Robert Maxwell from 1984 to 1991, whose foreign editor Nicholas Davies was accused in Parliament in 1991 of serving Israeli intelligence."
location: "London, United Kingdom"
start: 1903-11-02
relations:
- type: owned
with: "[[Robert Maxwell]]"
reverse: true
role: "proprietor, through Mirror Group Newspapers"
start: 1984-07
end: 1991-11-05
fn: 2
- type: employed_by
with: "[[Nicholas Davies]]"
reverse: true
role: "foreign editor"
end: 1991-10-28
fn: 3
created: 2026-09-22
updated: 2026-09-22
---
The *Daily Mirror* was launched in London on Monday, November 2, 1903, by [[Alfred Harmsworth]], later Lord Northcliffe, proprietor of the *Daily Mail,* as a newspaper for women, edited by Mary Howarth. Northcliffe said that no newspaper "was ever started with such a boom." The paper lost heavily; Hamilton Fyfe replaced Howarth as editor and the women on its staff were dismissed, a step Northcliffe likened to "drowning kittens."[^1]
### Under Maxwell
In July 1984 [[Robert Maxwell]] bought Mirror Group Newspapers, publisher of the *Daily Mirror* and other titles including the *[[The Sunday Mirror|Sunday Mirror]],* from Reed International for about 113 million pounds.[^2] Its foreign editor for about fifteen years under Maxwell was [[Nicholas Davies]], who had joined the group in the 1960s.[^3] In 1986 [[Oscar Guerrero]] offered the *Sunday Mirror* the story of the Israeli nuclear technician [[Mordecai Vanunu]] while *[[The Sunday Times]]* was still checking it; the *Sunday Mirror* instead published an attack on the story, and its news editor later said the line had "cost the Sunday Mirror a world-beating exclusive." Vanunu was lured from London to Rome, abducted and tried in [[Israel]].[^4]
[[Seymour Hersh]]'s *The Samson Option* went on sale in Britain on October 20, 1991, alleging that Maxwell and Davies had links to Israeli intelligence and that Davies had taken part in Israeli arms sales. Under parliamentary privilege, [[George Galloway]] put down a motion stating that Davies was "a longstanding and highly-paid Israeli Intelligence asset" who had betrayed Vanunu's whereabouts to [[Mossad]], and calling on Maxwell to establish "the extent of foreign intelligence penetration of Mirror Group newspapers"; [[Rupert Allason]] put down one stating that the *Daily Mirror* and its proprietor "have maintained a close relationship with the Israeli Intelligence Service" and that Davies had formed [[Ora Limited]] with [[Ari Ben-Menashe]] in 1983.[^5] The paper's front page said the two members had "as much honor as a pair of jackals scavenging in a rubbish heap."[^6] The *Mirror* dismissed Davies on October 28, 1991, for denying that he had been at the Ohio home of an arms dealer in 1985 after a rival paper printed a photograph of him there.[^3] Maxwell was found dead in the sea off his yacht near the Canary Islands on November 5, 1991.[^2]
### The Pension Funds
The pension schemes of the Maxwell companies, with more than 32,000 members, were pooled in a Common Investment Fund managed by Bishopsgate Investment Management, a Maxwell-controlled subsidiary, whose assets Maxwell pledged as collateral for loans to his private companies. Administrators and the [[Serious Fraud Office]] concluded that roughly 450 to 460 million pounds had been taken; [[Goldman Sachs]], on Maxwell's instructions, had sold blocks of Mirror Group shares marked as pension-fund property.[^7] His sons [[Kevin Maxwell]] and [[Ian Maxwell]] were acquitted at the [[Old Bailey]] in January 1996.[^8] In August 1994 Mirror Group Newspapers apologized "unreservedly" in a London court for its articles of October 1991 about Hersh and agreed to pay him and his publisher, [[Faber and Faber]], "substantial damages."[^9]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Cudlipp, Hugh. *Publish and Be Damned!* Andrew Dakers, 1953, ch. 1, the paper's own history, written by a Mirror editor. https://archive.org/details/publishbedamned0000hugh
[^2]: "Robert Maxwell," *Encyclopaedia Britannica.* https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-Maxwell
[^3]: "Daily Mirror fires foreign editor," United Press International, October 29, 1991. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1991/10/29/Daily-Mirror-fires-foreign-editor/6711688712400/ ; Association of Mirror Pensioners, "Nick Davies," February 3, 2016. https://www.mirrorpensioners.co.uk/obituary/nick-davies/
[^4]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy.* Faber and Faber, 1991.
[^5]: House of Commons, Early Day Motion 2134, "Mirror Group Newspapers and Israeli Intelligence," and Early Day Motion 2136, "Arms Sales," October 1991. https://edm.parliament.uk/early-day-motion/2134/mirror-group-newspapers-and-israeli-intelligence
[^6]: United Press International, "Maxwell to seek injunction against book," London, October 23, 1991.
[^7]: "Unravelling the Web," *Pensions Archive Trust,* November 3, 2021. https://pensionsarchive.org.uk/2021/11/03/unravelling-the-web/
[^8]: "Media Magnate Maxwell's Sons Acquitted of Charges They Raided Pension Fund," *The Washington Post,* January 20, 1996. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1996/01/20/media-magnate-maxwells-sons-acquitted-of-charges-they-raided-pension-fund/1841c6cf-8340-4e9e-876c-9f862b4685b5/
[^9]: "Hersh Wins Apology From British Papers," *The Washington Post,* August 19, 1994; "Writer wins damages, apology in libel suit," *Deseret News,* August 20, 1994.

31
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Elm Guest House.md
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---
tags:
- Organization
- Child_Trafficking
- ChildTrafficking
- Brothel
- UK
- 1980s
- VIP_Network
- Political_Connections
- Spartacus_Connection
- VIPNetwork
- PoliticalConnections
- SpartacusConnection
category: "Private Organization"
summary: "The Elm Guest House was a suburban brothel operating near central London in the early 1980s that served as a front for an international child trafficking network connected to powerful political and business figures."
summary: "Barnes guest house run by Haroon and Carole Kasir, raided on June 19, 1982; the inquiry into child sexual abuse found one child victim evidenced and no VIP identified."
location: "London, United Kingdom"
updated: 2026-09-22
---
The Elm Guest House was a suburban brothel operating near central London in the early 1980s that served as a front for an international child trafficking network connected to powerful political and business figures. The establishment, run by German couple [[Haroon Kasir]] and [[Carole Kasir]], displayed a sign reading "Spartacus, Club - Welcome" and was part of the broader [[Spartacus International]] network operated by [[John Stamford]].[^1]
### Police Raid and Official Cover-up
### The Raid and the Inquiry Findings
In June 1982, [[Metropolitan Police]] raided the Elm Guest House following an investigation into illegal brothel operations. The raid revealed that visitors were provided with a price-listed menu of sex to indulge in with boys as young as ten. Twenty-three men were detained on the premises, which contained bedroom suites festooned with whips, chains, and ropes, along with communal areas including a lounge bar, spa and sauna facility, and a screening room for pornography. According to police sources, three of the guests were parliamentary ministers, while a fourth was a member of the Queen's royal staff. Metropolitan Police had been expected to reopen files on the murder of one boy and the disappearance of another in their investigation into a VIP homosexual vice network in London.[^1]
Elm Guest House, in Rocks Lane, Barnes, south-west London, was run by Haroon and Carole Kasir and advertised as a gay guest house. It came to police notice late in 1981, when someone reported concerns about a 10-year-old boy there to Richmond police station; after a surveillance operation in which two undercover officers entered the house posing as members of the public, the police raided it on the night of June 19, 1982, and arrested twenty people, including the Kasirs. In April 1983 the Kasirs were convicted of running a disorderly house and each sentenced to nine months' imprisonment, suspended for two years, and fined 1,000 pounds. None of the guests was convicted of any offense.[^2][^3]
All reporting on the matter was subsequently denied in official statements. While a Scotland Yard official initially described it as just a routine investigation into a brothel, sources close to the investigation claimed the top brass had ordered everything to be played down and that every attempt was being made to ensure the names of VIPs using the place did not leak out. The [[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]] reported that Scotland Yard denied claims of a security risk, stating that Special Branch was not taking part in inquiries. However, all twenty-three men detained were released without charge, and reporting on the matter soon ceased, possibly upon intervention by Attorney General [[Michael Havers]].[^1]
Giving evidence to the [[Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse]], Commander Neil Jerome of the [[Metropolitan Police]] said that the investigation had found evidence of sexual abuse of a single child at the house, the 10-year-old boy, whose account and a medical examination showed extensive abuse, and no evidence that other children had been abused, and that "no individuals of prominence" had been seen there during the surveillance or found there in the raid. A social worker, Andrew Keir, alleged that on the night of the raid the boy had named one of his abusers as "Uncle Leon," who might have been a politician from "the big house," and that the detail had been left out of the interview notes; the Independent Office for Police Conduct found "no substance … at all" to the allegation. Another investigation, Operation Yvonne, examined allegations by a man who had been a 17-year-old masseur at the house that undercover officers had sex with him before the raid and that he was abused in custody, and found no evidence to support them. Jerome called the "Elm Guest House list" of VIP visitors, promoted by Chris Fay and Mary Moss, of "zero evidential value" and its creation "certainly dubious," and noted Fay's conviction for money laundering.[^3]
Carole Kasir was found dead in June 1990; the inquest ruled her death a suicide. At the inquest Fay, of the National Association of Young People in Care, said Kasir had told him boys were trafficked from Grafton Close Children's Home and abused by VIPs at the guest house, and he repeated the allegation in a [[BBC]] *Panorama* program in 2015. The inquiry recorded that no politician or VIP was ever identified as having been involved.[^2]
### Allegations
In June 1982, Metropolitan Police raided the Elm Guest House following an investigation into illegal brothel operations. The raid revealed that visitors were provided with a price-listed menu of sex to indulge in with boys as young as ten. Twenty-three men were said to have been detained on the premises, which contained bedroom suites festooned with whips, chains, and ropes, along with communal areas including a lounge bar, spa and sauna facility, and a screening room for pornography. According to police sources, three of the guests were parliamentary ministers, while a fourth was a member of the Queen's royal staff. Metropolitan Police had been expected to reopen files on the murder of one boy and the disappearance of another in their investigation into a VIP homosexual vice network in London.[^1]
All reporting on the matter was subsequently denied in official statements. While a Scotland Yard official initially described it as just a routine investigation into a brothel, sources close to the investigation claimed the top brass had ordered everything to be played down and that every attempt was being made to ensure the names of VIPs using the place did not leak out. The [[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]] reported that Scotland Yard denied claims of a security risk, stating that Special Branch was not taking part in inquiries. The men detained were released without charge, and reporting on the matter soon ceased, possibly upon intervention by Attorney General [[Michael Havers]].[^1]
The owners, Haroon and Carole Kasir, were charged for keeping a disorderly house and possession of child pornography. However, the child pornography charge was dropped in 1983 after seven hours of video footage seized from the premises was ruled inadmissible. By agreement with defense lawyers, the prosecution slashed eight hours of videos to just 45 minutes, and the judge made an order forbidding the press to identify the child in the case.[^1]
@ -29,7 +38,7 @@ In 1983, Tory MP [[Geoffrey Dickens]] handed Home Secretary [[Leon Brittan]] a d
The circumstances surrounding the Elm Guest House resurfaced in 1990 during an inquest into the death of former owner Carole Kasir, who died from an insulin overdose. Social worker [[Mary Moss]] testified that Kasir had approached her in 1989 with evidence that boys from [[Grafton Close Children's Home]] were supplied as prostitutes to VIP guests of the Elm Guest House in the early 1980s. According to Moss, the home, run by Richmond Council, supplied boys under age 14 to the gay guest house frequented by top MPs and judges. Kasir had been involved with a group of child pornographers linked to the foster home's management and was in fear for her life before her death.[^1]
During the 1990 inquest, Mary Moss and [[Christopher Fay]] claimed Kasir was murdered over evidence she kept on the Elm Guest House's VIP clientele. Fay testified Kasir had shown him a photograph of a former Tory Cabinet minister in a sauna with naked boys, and that a bishop, high court judge, social services director, and top businessman were among those captured on video at the hotel. The cabinet minister was identified as Leon Brittan, the same Home Secretary who received Geoffrey Dickens' dossier. Another parliamentary minister named was [[Cyril Smith]], who was posthumously exposed as a serial violent sexual abuser of boys in 2013 and confirmed to have been a frequent visitor to the Elm Guest House.[^1]
During the 1990 inquest, Mary Moss and [[Christopher Fay]] claimed Kasir was murdered over evidence she kept on the Elm Guest House's VIP clientele. Fay testified Kasir had shown him a photograph of a former Tory Cabinet minister in a sauna with naked boys, and that a bishop, high court judge, social services director, and top businessman were among those captured on video at the hotel. The cabinet minister was identified as Leon Brittan, the same Home Secretary who received Geoffrey Dickens' dossier. Another parliamentary minister named was [[Cyril Smith]], who was posthumously exposed as a serial violent sexual abuser of boys in 2013 and was said to have been a frequent visitor to the Elm Guest House.[^1]
### Government Connections and Later Investigations
@ -43,4 +52,6 @@ In an ITV interview, Mary Moss stated that the Elm Guest House had been used to
### Footnotes
[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). Eye of the Chickenhawk. United States: Thehotstar.
[^1]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. Sole source for the passages so cited. It gives twenty-three men detained where the inquiry gives twenty people arrested including the Kasirs, and describes Cyril Smith as confirmed as a visitor, where the inquiry found no politician or VIP identified.
[^2]: Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse. *Allegations of Child Sexual Abuse Linked to Westminster: Investigation Report,* February 2020, Part B.3, "The 1980s," paras. 9-12. https://web.archive.org/web/2021/https://www.iicsa.org.uk/reports-recommendations/publications/investigation/westminster/part-b-allegations-child-sexual-abuse-linked-westminster/b3-1980s.html
[^3]: Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse. *Allegations of Child Sexual Abuse Linked to Westminster,* February 2020, Part D.7, "Allegations connected to Elm Guest House," paras. 70-74. https://web.archive.org/web/2021/https://www.iicsa.org.uk/reports-recommendations/publications/investigation/westminster/part-d-police-responses-allegations-westminster-child-sexual-abuse/d7-allegations-connected-elm-guest-house.html

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---
category: "AI & Effective Altruism"
aliases:
- "FTX Trading Ltd."
- "FTX.com"
tags:
- Organization
- Cryptocurrency
- Fraud
- EffectiveAltruism
- SamBankmanFried
summary: "Cryptocurrency exchange founded by Sam Bankman-Fried in 2019 whose customer deposits, commingled with Alameda Research, funded political gifts and effective-altruism grants before its collapse in November 2022."
start: 2019
end: 2022-11-11
relations:
- type: founded
with: "[[Sam Bankman-Fried]]"
reverse: true
start: 2019
fn: 1
- type: funded
with: "[[FTX Future Fund]]"
start: 2022-02
end: 2022-11
fn: 6
- type: funded
with: "[[Effective Ventures]]"
start: 2022
end: 2022
role: "26,786,503 dollars, returned 2024"
fn: 9
created: 2026-09-22
updated: 2026-09-22
---
FTX Trading Ltd., doing business as FTX.com, was a centralized digital-asset derivatives exchange controlled by [[Sam Bankman-Fried]], who also controlled the trading firm [[Alameda Research]], "a primary market maker on FTX." It held itself out as "the safest and easiest way to buy and sell crypto" and told customers that their assets were held in "custody" and segregated from its own.[^1] It raised "more than $1.8 billion from equity investors," about 1.1 billion dollars of it from some ninety investors in the United States.[^2]
### The Fraud
On December 13, 2022, the [[Commodity Futures Trading Commission]], the [[Securities and Exchange Commission]] and the [[U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York]] brought parallel charges. The CFTC alleged that from at least May 2019 through November 11, 2022, customer assets "were routinely accepted and held by Alameda and commingled with Alameda's funds," and that Alameda, Bankman-Fried and others had used them for "luxury real estate purchases, political contributions, and high-risk, illiquid digital asset industry investments." At Bankman-Fried's direction, FTX employees wrote into the exchange's code an "allow negative flag" and "effectively limitless line of credit" that let Alameda withdraw billions of dollars in customer assets; the features were not disclosed. The commission put customer losses at more than 8 billion dollars and thanked the Securities Commission of [[The Bahamas]] for its assistance.[^1] The SEC charged that the concealment began at least in May 2019 and included Alameda's exemption from the exchange's risk controls and its exposure to "overvalued, illiquid assets such as FTX-affiliated tokens."[^2]
Bankman-Fried gave about 40 million dollars in the 2022 election cycle, mostly to Democratic candidates and committees, and later described a parallel stream of undisclosed donations to Republicans; prosecutors charged that the money came from customer funds.[^3] Alameda's chief [[Caroline Ellison]], the FTX co-founder [[Gary Wang]] and the engineering head [[Nishad Singh]] pleaded guilty and testified against him. A jury convicted him on seven counts on November 2, 2023, and on March 28, 2024, Judge Lewis Kaplan sentenced him to twenty-five years and ordered forfeiture of 11.02 billion dollars.[^4]
### Effective Altruism
Bankman-Fried had been drawn into the "earning to give" wing of [[Effective Altruism|effective altruism]] by [[William MacAskill]].[^5] The [[FTX Future Fund]], launched in February 2022 under [[Nick Beckstead]] with [[Leopold Aschenbrenner]], Avital Balwit, MacAskill and Ketan Ramakrishnan, had by June 2022 made 262 grants totaling about 132 million dollars; its team resigned on November 11, 2022, and its grantees then faced clawback claims from the bankruptcy estate.[^6][^7][^8] [[Effective Ventures]], the umbrella of the [[Centre for Effective Altruism]], [[80,000 Hours]] and [[Giving What We Can]], returned 26,786,503 dollars, all it had received from FTX and the FTX Foundation, under a settlement agreed on December 13, 2023.[^9]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Commodity Futures Trading Commission. "CFTC Charges Sam Bankman-Fried, FTX Trading and Alameda with Fraud and Material Misrepresentations." Release 8638-22, December 13, 2022. https://www.cftc.gov/PressRoom/PressReleases/8638-22
[^2]: Securities and Exchange Commission. "SEC Charges Samuel Bankman-Fried with Defrauding Investors in Crypto Asset Trading Platform FTX." Press release 2022-219, December 13, 2022. https://www.sec.gov/news/press-release/2022-219
[^3]: "Sam Bankman-Fried donated over $40 million in the 2022 election cycle. Where did it go?" *CBS News.* https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ftx-sam-bankman-fried-political-donations-2022/
[^4]: "Sam Bankman-Fried sentenced to 25 years in federal prison." *CNN,* March 28, 2024. https://www.cnn.com/2024/03/28/business/ftx-sam-bankman-fried-sentencing
[^5]: "Sam Bankman-Fried's 'Effective Altruism' Team Resigns Amid FTX Meltdown." *Gizmodo,* November 2022. https://gizmodo.com/sam-bankman-fried-ftx-effective-altruism-crypto-1849773116
[^6]: "Announcing the Future Fund." FTX Future Fund, February 2022. https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/2mx6xrDrwiEKzfgks/announcing-the-future-fund-1
[^7]: "Future Fund June 2022 Update." EA Forum. https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/paMYXYFYbbjpdjgbt/future-fund-june-2022-update ; "The FTX Future Fund team has resigned." EA Forum, November 11, 2022. https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/xafpj3on76uRDoBja/the-ftx-future-fund-team-has-resigned-1
[^8]: "Claw-Back Litigation in FTX Bankruptcy FAQs." Morris James LLP. https://www.morrisjames.com/p/102j9xu/claw-back-litigation-in-ftx-bankruptcy-faqs/
[^9]: "EV updates: FTX settlement and the future of EV." Effective Altruism Forum. https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/HjsfHwqasyQMWRzZN/ev-updates-ftx-settlement-and-the-future-of-ev ; "Effective Ventures Settles $26.8M FTX Donations Case." *The Crypto Times,* January 31, 2024.

40
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Father Bud's Boys Farm.md
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---
aliases:
- "Boys Farm, Inc."
tags:
- Organization
- Foster_Home
- Child_Pornography
- FosterHome
- ChildPornography
- Tennessee
- 1970s
- Church_of_New_Revelation
- North_Fox_Island
- ChurchOfNewRevelation
- NorthFoxIsland
category: "Private Organization"
summary: "Father Bud's Boys Farm was a rural foster home located on a farm in Monteagle, Tennessee, owned and operated by the ordained Episcopal priest Claudius Vermilye, known by the alias Father Bud."
location: "Monteagle, Tennessee"
summary: "Home for wayward boys near Alto, Tennessee, founded in 1971 by Claudius Vermilye and partly financed with state and county funds, where boys were filmed for more than 270 sponsors."
location: "Roarks Cove, near Alto, Tennessee"
start: 1971
end: 1976
relations:
- type: founded
with: "[[Claudius Vermilye]]"
reverse: true
start: 1971
fn: 2
created: 2026-04-28
updated: 2026-09-22
---
Father Bud's Boys Farm was a rural foster home located on a farm in Monteagle, Tennessee, owned and operated by the ordained Episcopal priest [[Claudius Vermilye]], known by the alias Father Bud. Juvenile delinquents were sent to the farm by youth corrections and welfare agencies in Tennessee. Boys at the farm were supplied with drugs and alcohol to make them pliant for participation in orgies, which were filmed and photographed. Materials were distributed to a mailing list of sponsors who could pay additional fees to arrange personal visits to the farm for direct access to the boys. Film stocks were mailed from the farm to [[Gerald Richards]] in Michigan for development and distribution through networks including MAIL-O-MATIC in [[North Carolina]] and F&S Distributors in California.[^1]
Boys Farm, Inc., known as Father Bud's Boys Farm, was founded in 1971 by the Rev. [[Claudius Vermilye]], formerly rector of the Episcopal church at Alto, Tennessee, as a rehabilitation center for wayward boys in the Roarks Cove community near Alto; national wire reports placed it at Winchester and the investigator [[Kenneth Wooden]] at Monteagle. The boys were sent there by the state correction department, juvenile authorities and welfare agencies, and the farm was partly financed with state and county funds.[^2][^3][^4][^5]
The farm was incorporated under [[The Church of New Revelation]] in [[New Jersey]], described by authorities as a sham referral agency for pornography distribution rather than a legitimate church. [[Francis Shelden]] appeared on a seized list of sponsors for the farm's materials. The farm was raided by authorities on November 10, 1976, and the Detroit Free Press reported it as a national pornography hub the following day. The raid linked the farm to the broader network including the [[Delta Project]], [[Odyssey Network]], and [[North Fox Island]] operations.[^1]
Films found on the Michigan photographer [[Gerald Richards]] at his arrest in July 1976 and films seized in the [[New Orleans]] raid on [[Troop 137]] led Tennessee authorities to raid the farm after they recognized some of the "actors"; Vermilye's name had also turned up in the files of the New Orleans scoutmaster [[Richard Halvorsen]]. The raid produced films of sexual acts between boys at the farm and a list of more than 270 "active sponsors," among them [[Francis Shelden]], owner of [[North Fox Island]]. District Attorney General [[J. William Pope]] said the boys were shown obscene films and given liquor before orgies filmed with a hidden camera, that films were sold to sponsors to raise money for the farm, and that some sponsors came to the farm to have sex with the boys. Half a dozen Illinois men had bought films from Vermilye, one for more than 4,000 dollars. Richards testified that the farm "sold raw film to other men. They would bring it to me to process." An investigator for the district attorney general, Pete Bouldin, described the [[The Church of New Revelation|Church of the New Revelation]], one of the network's fronts, as a "referral agency which distributes pornography around the country"; Boys Farm, Inc., was listed as a separate organization from the church. Vermilye was convicted on June 3, 1977.[^2][^3][^4][^6]
### Connections
### The Distribution Network
The farm was connected to [[Troop 137]] in New Orleans through a letter sent by Vermilye to scoutmaster [[Richard Halvorsen]] personally inviting him to visit. This link established the connection between the Tennessee farm, the New Orleans troop, and the Chicago-based trafficking network run by [[John David Norman]]. The farm's incorporation through [[The Church of New Revelation]] linked it to [[Dyer Grossman]] and [[Adam Starchild]], who had served as the incorporating agent for Brother Paul's Children's Mission on North Fox Island. The investigation into the farm was part of the cascading exposure of interlinked operations that began with the Gerald Richards arrest in Michigan in July 1976.[^1]
Film was said to have been mailed from the farm to Richards for development and distribution through MAIL-O-MATIC in [[North Carolina]] and F&S Distributors in California. The farm was said to have been raided on November 10, 1976, and reported the next day by the *Detroit Free Press* as a national pornography hub, and to have been incorporated under the Church of the New Revelation, through which it was linked to [[Dyer Grossman]] and [[Adam Starchild]], and connected through a letter from Vermilye to Halvorsen with Troop 137 and with the Chicago network of [[John David Norman]], the [[Delta Project]] and the [[Odyssey Network]].[^1]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). *Eye of the Chickenhawk*. United States: Thehotstar.
[^1]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. Sole source for the passages so cited. The incorporation under the Church of the New Revelation and the letter to Halvorsen are not borne out by the hearing record, which lists Boys Farm, Inc., separately and records only Vermilye's name in Halvorsen's files.
[^2]: "Former Clergyman Is Convicted of Acts Against His Wards." United Press International, *The New York Times,* June 4, 1977, p. 33. https://www.nytimes.com/1977/06/04/archives/former-clergyman-is-convicted-of-acts-against-his-wards.html
[^3]: Wright, Marilyn. *Traverse City Record-Eagle,* 1976-1977, reprinted in U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Crime. *Sexual Exploitation of Children,* hearings, 95th Congress, 1st session, Serial No. 12, 1977. https://archive.org/details/micro_IA41153502_0041
[^4]: *Chicago Tribune,* May 1977, reprinted in *Sexual Exploitation of Children,* Serial No. 12, 1977, and in U.S. Senate, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee to Investigate Juvenile Delinquency. *Protection of Children Against Sexual Exploitation,* hearings, 95th Congress, 1st session, 1977. https://archive.org/details/protectionofchil00unit
[^5]: Testimony of Kenneth Wooden, in *Sexual Exploitation of Children,* Serial No. 12, 1977.
[^6]: Testimony of Gerald S. Richards, May 27, 1977, in *Protection of Children Against Sexual Exploitation,* 1977, p. 41. https://archive.org/details/protectionofchil00unit

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20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Full Gospel Business Men's Fellowship International.md
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@ -9,24 +9,28 @@ category: "Private Organization"
summary: "The Full Gospel Business Men's Fellowship International is an influential organization with a history of strong military connections and wide-ranging effects on foreign policy, particularly in Central America under the Ronald Reagan administration."
start: 1952
location: "Los Angeles, California"
updated: 2026-09-22
---
The [[Full Gospel Business Men's Fellowship International|FGBMFI]] is an influential organization with a history of strong military connections and wide-ranging effects on foreign policy, particularly in Central [[America]] under the [[Ronald Reagan]] administration. Prominent right-wing activists, such as [[Joseph Coors]] ([[Heritage Foundation]]) and [[Sanford McDonnell]] (McDonnell Douglas Corporation), were members of FGBMFI.[^1]
### Political and Military Influence
[[Ronald Reagan]] had close ties with FGBMFI. In 1970, five FGBMFI members, including [[Pat Boone]] and [[Shirley Boone]], [[Harold Bredesen]], and [[George Otis]], prayed with then-California Governor Reagan at his home in Sacramento. [[George Otis]], a former Lear executive, reportedly spoke in the voice of God, comparing Reagan to a king and prophesying that Reagan would "reside at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue" if he continued to walk in God's way. Reagan reportedly took the prophecy very seriously. A Reagan Aide who later worked on [[Pat Robertson]]'s presidential campaign invited [[Nita Scoggan]], the wife of an FGBMFI member, to form a prayer group in the [[White House]]. [[Oliver North]] reportedly attended these prayer meetings.[^1]
Ronald Reagan had close ties with FGBMFI. In October 1970 [[Pat Boone]] and [[Shirley Boone]], [[Harold Bredesen|Harald Bredesen]] and [[George Otis]] prayed with Governor Reagan at his home in Sacramento, with Nancy Reagan and Herbert Ellingwood present.[^2] George Otis, a former Lear executive, reportedly spoke in the voice of God, comparing Reagan to a king and prophesying that Reagan would "reside at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue" if he continued to walk in God's way. Reagan reportedly took the prophecy very seriously. A Reagan Aide who later worked on [[Pat Robertson]]'s presidential campaign invited [[Nita Scoggan]], the wife of an FGBMFI member, to form a prayer group in the [[White House]]. [[Oliver North]] reportedly attended these prayer meetings.[^1]
Since 1964, FGBMFI held regular military prayer meetings in the Washington D.C. area, with three chapters, including one in the Navy Officers' Club. The Secretary of Defense even arranged for two prayer rooms to be built in the [[Pentagon]]. A 1986 FGBMFI brochure listed over a dozen military names, including the Chairman of Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Commandant of the Marine Corps, the Chief of Naval Operations, the Chief of Staff of the Army, and the Chief of Staff of the Air Force.[^1]
Since 1964, FGBMFI held regular military prayer meetings in the Washington D.C. area, with three chapters, including one in the Navy Officers' Club. The Secretary of Defense even arranged for two prayer rooms to be built in the [[Pentagon]]. A 1986 FGBMFI brochure listed over a dozen military names, including the Chairman of [[Joint Chiefs of Staff]], the Commandant of the Marine Corps, the Chief of Naval Operations, the Chief of Staff of the Army, and the Chief of Staff of the Air Force.[^1]
In Central [[America]], President [[Ronald Reagan]] supported [[General Rios Montt]], a Pentecostal "true believer," who became president of [[Guatemala]] in an army coup in March 1982. Montt was aided and supported by Full Gospel businessman [[John Carrette]], a former Army Ranger in [[Vietnam]]. According to Carrette, the then-presidents of [[Guatemala]], [[El Salvador]], and [[Honduras]] were all Full Gospel.[^1]
In Central America, President Ronald Reagan supported [[General Rios Montt]], a Pentecostal "true believer," who became president of [[Guatemala]] in an army coup in March 1982. Montt was aided and supported by Full Gospel businessman [[John Carrette]], a former Army Ranger in [[Vietnam]]. According to Carrette, the then-presidents of Guatemala, [[El Salvador]], and [[Honduras]] were all Full Gospel.[^1]
### Connections to Jimmy Hughes and the Honduras Coup
[[Jimmy Hughes]] joined FGBMFI in 1987 and subsequently founded Jimmy Hughes Ministries – Free the Oppressed in [[Honduras]]. He openly admitted his past as a "Mafia hit-man" on the FGBMFI website. [[John Carrette]] "god-fathered" Hughes into the Fellowship and helped set him up in [[Honduras]].[^1]
[[Jimmy Hughes]] joined FGBMFI in 1987 and subsequently founded Jimmy Hughes Ministries – Free the Oppressed in Honduras. He openly admitted his past as a "Mafia hit-man" on the FGBMFI website. John Carrette "god-fathered" Hughes into the Fellowship and helped set him up in Honduras.[^1]
Hughes was a high-standing member of FGBMFI and a keynote speaker at a dinner event in Fresno, [[California]], in February 2008, alongside [[General Daniel Lopez Carballo]] of [[Honduras]]. Hughes, [[General Daniel Lopez Carballo]], and [[Romeo Vasquez Velasquez]] were all members of FGBMFI. Hughes was allegedly involved in the planning of the [[Honduras coup]] in June 2009, which ousted President [[Manuel Zelaya]]. The interim de-facto president of [[Honduras]], [[Roberto Micheletti]], was placed in office by coup leaders [[General Daniel Lopez Carballo]] and [[Romeo Vasquez Velasquez]], both friends of Hughes and members of FGBMFI.[^1]
Hughes was a high-standing member of FGBMFI and a keynote speaker at a dinner event in Fresno, [[California]], in February 2008, alongside [[General Daniel Lopez Carballo]] of Honduras. Hughes, General Daniel Lopez Carballo, and [[Romeo Vasquez Velasquez]] were all members of FGBMFI. Hughes was allegedly involved in the planning of the [[Honduras coup]] of June 2009, and Lopez Carballo and Vásquez Velásquez were described as his friends.[^1] On June 28, 2009, the Honduran military detained President [[Manuel Zelaya]] and flew him to [[Costa Rica]]; Zelaya had ordered the removal of Vásquez Velásquez as chairman of the joint chiefs days earlier, and the Supreme Court had ordered him restored. The National Congress then replaced Zelaya with its president, [[Roberto Micheletti]], who called it a "constitutional succession."[^3] On September 26, 2009, Hughes was arrested at Miami International Airport on his way to Honduras and charged in the 1981 murders of the Cabazon tribal leader [[Fred Alvarez]] and two others; the charges were dismissed in July 2010.[^4]
---
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. Sole source for the passages so cited. It counts five FGBMFI members at the 1970 meeting. It describes Micheletti as placed in office by the generals.
[^2]: Slosser, Bob. "The Prophecy." CBN. https://cbn.com/article/relationships/prophecy
[^3]: Congressional Research Service. *Honduran Political Crisis, June 2009-January 2010,* R41064, February 1, 2010. https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/R41064.html
[^4]: "Jimmy Hughes Speaks To KESQ After Charges Dropped." KESQ, July 2, 2010. https://kesq.com/news/2010/07/02/jimmy-hughes-speaks-to-kesq-after-charges-dropped/

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---
category: "AI & Effective Altruism"
aliases:
- "GWWC"
tags:
- Organization
- EffectiveAltruism
- Oxford
- Philanthropy
summary: "Pledge society launched at Oxford in November 2009 by Toby Ord and William MacAskill, later housed under Effective Ventures, which repaid 26.8 million dollars of FTX money in 2024."
location: "Oxford, United Kingdom"
start: 2009-11
relations:
- type: founded
with: "[[Toby Ord]]"
reverse: true
start: 2009-11
fn: 1
- type: founded
with: "[[William MacAskill]]"
reverse: true
start: 2009-11
fn: 1
- type: member_of
with: "[[Effective Ventures]]"
role: "hosted project"
fn: 5
created: 2026-09-22
updated: 2026-09-22
---
Giving What We Can is a society whose members pledge to give at least ten percent of their income to the charities they judge most cost-effective. By its own account it was "the brainchild of Toby Ord, a philosopher at Balliol College, Oxford," who, inspired by the ideas of ethicists such as [[Peter Singer]], decided in 2009 to commit a large part of his income to charity and worked with a fellow Oxford philosopher, [[William MacAskill]], to form a society of people who would do the same. Ord, his wife, the physician Bernadette Young, and MacAskill launched it in November 2009; within a year 64 people had joined, pledging 21 million dollars, and it took on full-time staff in the summer of 2012. It lists as early supporters the [[Future of Humanity Institute]], Balliol College and the Oxford Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics.[^1] Singer took the pledge in November 2009.[^2]
[[Toby Ord]] set his own living allowance at about 18,000 pounds a year, giving away the rest toward a lifetime target of one million pounds.[^3] MacAskill went on to found [[80,000 Hours]] with [[Benjamin Todd]] in 2011 and to write the longtermist *What We Owe the Future.*[^4]
### Effective Ventures and FTX
Giving What We Can became one of the projects hosted by [[Effective Ventures]], the umbrella of two charities, Effective Ventures Foundation in the United Kingdom and Effective Ventures Foundation USA, alongside the [[Centre for Effective Altruism]], 80,000 Hours and the EA Funds.[^5] In 2022 Effective Ventures and its projects received about 27 million dollars from [[Sam Bankman-Fried]]'s [[FTX]] and the FTX Foundation. On December 13, 2023, it agreed to return 26,786,503 dollars to the FTX bankruptcy estate, a sum equal to all of the money received, and its boards then decided to spin out every project as an independent organization.[^5][^6]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Giving What We Can, "Our history." https://www.givingwhatwecan.org/about-us/history
[^2]: "Peter Singer's Keynote, Effective Altruism Summit 2013"; Edmonds, David. *Death in a Shallow Pond.* Princeton University Press.
[^3]: "Toby Ord: Why I'm giving £1m to charity." *BBC News,* 2010. https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-11950843
[^4]: "William MacAskill," Effective Altruism Forum topic page; MacAskill, William. *Doing Good Better.* Gotham Books, 2015.
[^5]: "EV updates: FTX settlement and the future of EV." Effective Altruism Forum. https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/HjsfHwqasyQMWRzZN/ev-updates-ftx-settlement-and-the-future-of-ev
[^6]: "Effective Ventures Settles $26.8M FTX Donations Case." *The Crypto Times,* January 31, 2024. https://www.cryptotimes.io/2024/01/31/effective-ventures-settles-26-8m-ftx-donations-case/

14
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Hermes.md
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@ -3,24 +3,26 @@ tags:
- Organization
- Publication
- Newsletter
- Child_Pornography
- ChildPornography
- Chicago
- Illinois
- 1970s
- Delta_Project
- Odyssey_Network
- DeltaProject
- OdysseyNetwork
category: "Crime Investigation"
summary: "Hermes was an underground boylover newsletter printed in Chicago during the 1970s that served as a communications hub for a nationwide child trafficking and pornography network."
start: 1970
location: Chicago, Illinois
updated: 2026-09-22
---
Hermes was an underground boylover newsletter printed in Chicago during the 1970s that served as a communications hub for a nationwide child trafficking and pornography network. The publication used coded classified ads to propagate [[John David Norman]]'s [[Delta Project]] and [[Odyssey Network]], and advertised mail-order hardcore child pornography. It catered to a readership of predatory pedophiles who between themselves used the pronoun "chickenhawk," a reference to a hawk that hunts little chickens. Hermes also published advertisements for clandestine groups providing support and instructions on how to infiltrate community groups such as the boy scouts, big brother programs, and church affiliated youth groups, including guides on how to groom children.[^1]
Hermes was allegedly financed by a philanthropist in Michigan named [[Francis Shelden]], a scion of the old money families of Grosse Pointe, Detroit, who owned [[North Fox Island]] in Lake Michigan. The publication was printed and edited by men associated with John Norman in Chicago. Three principal figures behind the publication were arrested: Elden Gale Wake, an employee of Trinity College in Lake Forest who was identified as the Hermes printer; Patrick Townson, who operated a citizens band radio information show for homosexuals; and David Berta, who along with Townson was involved in Norman's trafficking operation. A dentist associated with the Hermes men named Arthur Langford was found with a collection of sixty-nine 8mm child pornography film reels at his home, one labelled "John Bell -- Michigan trip." Langford and Bell were directors of a children's summer camp in Michigan, as had been Hermes printer Wake.[^1]
Hermes was allegedly financed by a philanthropist in Michigan named [[Francis Shelden]], a scion of the old money families of Grosse Pointe, Detroit, who owned [[North Fox Island]] in Lake Michigan. The publication was printed and edited by men associated with John Norman in Chicago. Three principal figures behind the publication were arrested: Elden Gale Wake, an employee of Trinity College in Lake Forest who was identified as the Hermes printer; Patrick Townson, who operated a citizens band radio information show for homosexuals; and David Berta, who along with Townson was involved in Norman's trafficking operation. Wake was identified by the Lake County state's attorney's office as having worked at a children's home and two children's camps between 1964 and 1968.[^2] In May 1977 Chicago police arrested a Park Ridge dentist, Dr. Lloyd William Lange, 42, charged with filming a pornographic movie of two 14-year-old boys produced by Berta and John Bell, 19; in Lange's apartment police found five rolls of the commercial child pornography films *Lollitots* and *Lollipops* and 69 rolls of other film, three reels of which were marked "John Bell, Michigan trip." Bell told police he owned a summer camp at Hastings, Michigan, with his brother. The State's Attorney, Bernard Carey, announced a grand jury investigation.[^2]
### Distribution Network
[[Gerald Richards]] identified the California-based F&S Distributors, operated by [[Guy Strait]], as the West Coast distributor for Hermes. Strait himself admitted writing an article for the publication. In February 1977, a Michigan newspaper reported that Shelden had a financial interest in Hermes. An FBI memo confirmed the Delta Project connection to Hermes and noted the operation was attempting to set up a large scale trafficking network. When Shelden fled to Amsterdam after the North Fox Island exposure, he continued the publishing legacy by founding [[PAN Magazine]] (Paedo Alert News) under the penname Frank Torey, which was used to platform [[John Stamford]]'s [[Spartacus International]] just as Hermes had been used for Norman's Odyssey Network in North America.[^1]
[[Gerald Richards]] identified the California-based F&S Distributors, operated by [[Guy Strait]], as the West Coast distributor for Hermes. Strait himself admitted writing an article for the publication. In February 1977, a Michigan newspaper reported that Shelden had a financial interest in Hermes. An [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] memo confirmed the Delta Project connection to Hermes and noted the operation was attempting to set up a large scale trafficking network. When Shelden fled to Amsterdam after the North Fox Island exposure, he continued the publishing legacy by founding [[PAN Magazine]] (Paedo Alert News) under the penname Frank Torey, which was used to platform [[John Stamford]]'s [[Spartacus International]] just as Hermes had been used for Norman's Odyssey Network in North America.[^1]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). *Eye of the Chickenhawk*. United States: Thehotstar.
[^1]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. It names the Park Ridge dentist "Arthur Langford" and makes him and Bell directors of a summer camp; the Tribune reports name him Lloyd William Lange and give the camp as Bell's.
[^2]: *Chicago Tribune,* May 1977, reprinted in U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Crime. *Sexual Exploitation of Children,* hearings, 95th Congress, 1st session, Serial No. 12, 1977, and in U.S. Senate, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee to Investigate Juvenile Delinquency. *Protection of Children Against Sexual Exploitation,* hearings, 1977. https://archive.org/details/micro_IA41153502_0041

51
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Institute for Strategic Dialogue.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
---
category: "Private Organization"
aliases:
- "ISD"
- "ISD Global"
- "The Trialogue Foundation"
tags:
- Organization
- UK
- ThinkTank
- CounterExtremism
summary: "London counter-extremism research body incorporated in 2008 as The Trialogue Foundation, with Lord Weidenfeld on its board until 2016, whose reports track Terrorgram and nihilistic-violence networks."
location: "45 Albemarle Street, London"
start: 2008-04-30
relations:
- type: director_of
with: "[[George Weidenfeld]]"
reverse: true
start: 2010-05-18
end: 2016-01-20
fn: 1
- type: director_of
with: "[[Joanna Shields]]"
reverse: true
start: 2025-09-08
fn: 1
- type: investigated
with: "[[Terrorgram Collective]]"
start: 2024
fn: 2
created: 2026-09-22
updated: 2026-09-22
---
The Institute for Strategic Dialogue is a company limited by guarantee registered in England, incorporated on April 30, 2008, as The Trialogue Foundation and renamed on November 21, 2009. Its registered office is on the third floor of 45 Albemarle Street in Mayfair, London, and it lists its business as research in the social sciences and humanities, foreign affairs and education.[^1]
### Directors
On May 18, 2010, the directors appointed at incorporation left the board and [[George Weidenfeld|Lord Weidenfeld]], Stuart Fiertz and Michael Lewis joined it. Weidenfeld remained a director until January 20, 2016, and Fiertz, an American and Swiss national, was still one in 2026. Sir Michael Davis joined in January 2024, Lord Sarfraz in June 2024, and Baroness [[Joanna Shields]] on September 8, 2025.[^1]
### Monitoring of Extremist Networks
In its "Digital Dispatch" reports the institute described the [[Terrorgram Collective]] as "effectively defunct" as an organized structure by late 2024, after the arrests of [[Dallas Humber]], Matthew Robert Allison and Matthew Althorpe.[^2] After the arrest of Telegram's founder Pavel Durov and the unsealing of the Terrorgram indictment in 2024 it followed neo-Nazi accelerationist groups to a new encrypted platform, which it declined to name, and recorded that within a single day, September 25, 2024, users in the channels it watched posted three calls for the assassination of Vice President [[Kamala Harris]] and one for that of [[Donald Trump]].[^3] Its study of "nihilistic violence," violence driven by a misanthropic outlook rather than a political program, traced the path of [[Natalie Rupnow]], who opened fire at [[2024 Abundant Life Christian School Shooting|Abundant Life Christian School]] in Madison, Wisconsin, on December 16, 2024, from the gore site [[WatchPeopleDie]] through [[764 Network|764]]-affiliated and Terrorgram-adjacent material, and linked such subcultures, [[No Lives Matter]] among them, to at least four school shooters and five disrupted plots.[^4] Its researcher Steven Rai said the bot-amplified promotion of [[The Base]] on VKontakte raised questions about Russian state support for the group, whose founder [[Rinaldo Nazzaro]] lives in Russia.[^5]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Companies House, Institute for Strategic Dialogue, company number 06581421, company profile and officers list, accessed September 22, 2026. https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/06581421
[^2]: ISD Global. "Dismantling Digital Terror: Lessons Learned from the Collapse of Terrorgram." https://www.isdglobal.org/digital-dispatch/dismantling-digital-terror-lessons-learned-from-the-collapse-of-terrorgram/
[^3]: ISD Global. "Neo-Nazi accelerationists seek new digital refuge amid looming Telegram crackdown." September 2024. https://www.isdglobal.org/digital-dispatch/neo-nazi-accelerationists-seek-new-digital-refuge-amid-looming-telegram-crackdown/
[^4]: ISD. "Terror without ideology? The rise of nihilistic violence." https://www.isdglobal.org/digital-dispatch/terror-without-ideology-the-rise-of-nihilistic-violence-an-isd-investigation/
[^5]: "US neo-Nazi leader based in Russia offers payment for attacks on Ukrainian officials." *Euromaidan Press,* June 4, 2025; The Soufan Center, "Russia's Links to Neo-Nazi Terrorist Groups Demonstrates its Hybrid Warfare Toolkit," May 8, 2025.

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20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/MIT Media Lab.md Normal file
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---
category: "Private Organization"
aliases:
- "Media Lab"
- "MIT Media Laboratory"
tags:
- Organization
- MIT
- Technology
- JeffreyEpstein
summary: "Research laboratory at MIT co-founded by Nicholas Negroponte and directed by Joi Ito from 2011 to 2019, which took 525,000 dollars from Jeffrey Epstein after his conviction and recorded the gifts as anonymous."
location: "Cambridge, Massachusetts"
relations:
- type: founded
with: "[[Nicholas Negroponte]]"
reverse: true
fn: 1
- type: head_of
with: "[[Joi Ito]]"
reverse: true
role: "director"
start: 2011
end: 2019-09-07
fn: 1
- type: funded
with: "[[Jeffrey Epstein]]"
reverse: true
start: 2013
end: 2017
role: "six donations totaling 525,000 dollars"
fn: 1
- type: employed_by
with: "[[Marvin Minsky]]"
reverse: true
role: "Toshiba Professor of Media Arts and Sciences"
fn: 2
created: 2026-09-22
updated: 2026-09-22
---
The MIT Media Lab is a research laboratory of the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]]. [[Nicholas Negroponte]] was its co-founder, and [[Marvin Minsky]] held its Toshiba Professorship of Media Arts and Sciences until his death in 2016.[^1][^2] [[Joi Ito]] was its director from 2011 until he resigned on September 7, 2019.[^1][^3]
### Epstein's Donations
The law firm Goodwin Procter, engaged by MIT after Ito's resignation, found that [[Jeffrey Epstein]] made ten donations to MIT totaling 850,000 dollars between 2002 and 2017. The first, 100,000 dollars from his C.O.U.Q. Foundation in 2002, supported Minsky's research. The nine after his 2008 conviction went either to the Media Lab (525,000 dollars) or to the mechanical engineering professor [[Seth Lloyd]] (225,000 dollars).[^1]
Ito was introduced to Epstein by Linda Stone, a former member of the lab's advisory council, at the TED conference in Long Beach in February 2013. For "due diligence" he ran a Google search and consulted, among others, Negroponte, who replied: "I know him quite well. The person who is his closest friend is Marvin Minsky, who even visited him in jail. I would take Berlusconi's money, so why not Jeff." Epstein's first Media Lab gift, 100,000 dollars in May 2013, was for Ito's discretion. Three more, totaling 300,000 dollars, supported Joscha Bach, a German researcher whom Epstein had introduced to Ito; the lab "hired Bach in large part because Epstein subsidized the cost." Gifts in 2015 and 2017, totaling 125,000 dollars, supported Professor Neri Oxman, whom Ito introduced to Epstein on the campus in October 2015.[^1]
Three members of MIT's senior team, the general counsel R. Gregory Morgan, the vice president for resource development Jeffrey Newton and the treasurer Israel Ruiz, knew of Epstein's sex-offense record and in 2013 set up the informal framework under which all his later gifts were accepted. On June 26, 2013, Newton wrote to Ito: "We will keep the money, but it will be listed as anonymous," and instructed the recording secretary: "Please mark all of Epstein's gifts as anonymous. We do not want his name appearing on any list of supporters or donors in any form." MIT's records were altered accordingly. In November 2016 Ito asked the chairman of the MIT Corporation, Robert Millard: "Can you help me figure out how to get money from JE?" Millard declined Epstein's dinner invitation.[^1]
Epstein also claimed in 2014 to have arranged an anonymous 2 million dollar gift to the lab from [[Bill Gates]] and a 5 million dollar anonymous gift from [[Leon Black]]. Gates's representatives told the investigators that he "flatly denies" Epstein had anything to do with his donation; Black had publicly acknowledged giving to charities "affiliated" with Epstein but had not said whether Epstein asked him to give to MIT. The investigators found no evidence that the money of either was Epstein's.[^1] In August 2015 [[Reid Hoffman]] hosted a dinner in [[Palo Alto]], presented as a fundraiser for the lab, attended by Ito, Epstein, [[Peter Thiel]], [[Elon Musk]] and [[Mark Zuckerberg]]; Hoffman apologized in September 2019 for his part in the Epstein-linked donations.[^4][^5]
On September 6, 2019, [[Ronan Farrow]] reported in *[[The New Yorker]]* that the lab had concealed the relationship and referred to Epstein internally as "Voldemort." Ito resigned the next day, despite a petition supporting him signed by hundreds of faculty, students and alumni.[^1][^3] A staff member later circulated photographs from Minsky's memorial with the request that they be posted only "as long as Jeffrey Epstein does not appear in any of the photos."[^6]
### Other Research
From October 2020 to June 2023 the lab ran a project applying topic modeling and network analysis to the leaked forums of the neo-fascist site [[Iron March]].[^7]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Goodwin Procter LLP. "Report Concerning Jeffrey Epstein's Interactions with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology." Released by MIT January 10, 2020. https://facultygovernance.mit.edu/sites/default/files/20200121GoodwinProcterReport.pdf
[^2]: Lohr, Steve. "Marvin Minsky, Pioneer in Artificial Intelligence, Dies at 88." *The New York Times,* January 25, 2016.
[^3]: Farrow, Ronan. "How an Elite University Research Center Concealed Its Relationship with Jeffrey Epstein." *The New Yorker,* September 6, 2019. https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/how-an-elite-university-research-center-concealed-its-relationship-with-jeffrey-epstein
[^4]: "Mark Zuckerberg's 'Wild' Dinner With Epstein Revealed in Files." *The Daily Beast,* 2026, on EFTA00344556 and EFTA00344564. https://www.thedailybeast.com/mark-zuckerbergs-wild-dinner-with-epstein-revealed-in-files/
[^5]: "Exclusive: Reid Hoffman apologizes for role in Epstein-linked donations to MIT." *Axios,* September 12, 2019. https://www.axios.com/2019/09/12/reid-hoffman-jeffrey-epstein-mit-donations
[^6]: "Eight revelations from MIT's Jeffrey Epstein report." *MIT Technology Review,* January 10, 2020. https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/01/10/130928/mit-jeffrey-epstein-donations-media-lab-joi-ito-seth-lloyd-funding-ethics/
[^7]: MIT Media Lab. "Investigating the Iron March Forums with Computational Tools: Far-Right Forum Network and LDA Analysis." Project overview, October 2020 to June 2023. https://www.media.mit.edu/projects/investigating-the-iron-march-forums-with-computational-tools-far-right-forum-network-and-lda-analysis/overview/

36
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Ocean Living Institute.md
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@ -2,18 +2,38 @@
tags:
- Organization
- Foundation
- United_States
- New_Jersey
- UnitedStates
- NewJersey
- 1970s
- North_Fox_Island
- Adam_Starchild
- NorthFoxIsland
- AdamStarchild
category: "Private Organization"
summary: "The Ocean Living Institute was a sea-steading foundation incorporated in New Jersey by Adam Starchild, who also served as the incorporating agent for Brother Paul's Children's Mission on North Fox Island."
summary: "Tax-exempt corporation formed in Delaware in 1974, ostensibly for oceanographic research, with Adam Starchild as president and Dyer Grossman as executive director; Gerald Richards named it as a front for child pornography."
location: "New Jersey, USA"
start: 1974
relations:
- type: head_of
with: "[[Adam Starchild]]"
reverse: true
role: "president"
fn: 2
- type: employed_by
with: "[[Dyer Grossman]]"
reverse: true
role: "executive director"
fn: 2
created: 2026-04-28
updated: 2026-09-22
---
The Ocean Living Institute was a sea-steading foundation incorporated in [[New Jersey]] by [[Adam Starchild]], who also served as the incorporating agent for [[Brother Paul's Children's Mission]] on [[North Fox Island]]. In August 1976, [[Gerald Richards]] handed over a letter he received from [[Dyer Grossman]] postmarked 19 July 1976, which had a return address for the Ocean Living Institute. In the letter, [[Dyer Grossman|Grossman]] detailed plans to set up a series of foster homes in Michigan, citing the profitability in receiving monthly payments from the government for taking in runaways and problem kids. The letter also mentioned a twelve-year-old boy [[Dyer Grossman|Grossman]] said he had procured through a Big Brother program who he described as innocent but that some camping trips may change that.[^1]
The Ocean Living Institute was incorporated in Delaware in 1974, with its principal place of business in [[New Jersey]], ostensibly to promote education and research in oceanography. [[Adam Starchild]] was listed as its president and [[Dyer Grossman]] as its executive director. The Internal Revenue Service granted it an "automatic" tax exemption, as it did the [[The Church of New Revelation|Church of the New Revelation]], without challenging or investigating its claim to be a charitable organization. [[Gerald Richards]], organizer of [[Brother Paul's Children's Mission]] on [[North Fox Island]], told police that the institute, the church and the Educational Foundation for Youth of Illinois had been set up as tax dodges and used as fronts for the production of child pornography; Starchild said they might have been "used" for that purpose by Grossman.[^2]
[[Adam Starchild]] was actually a man named Malcolm Willis McConahy, an offshore tax attorney who appeared to have faked his own death in 1975. [[Adam Starchild|Starchild]] had been a scout master in Minneapolis kicked out of the organization in 1965 after he expressed a desire to engage in sex with boys there. The Ocean Living Institute served as one of [[Adam Starchild|Starchild]]'s corporate vehicles, alongside his role in incorporating [[Brother Paul's Children's Mission]], which operated the summer camp on [[North Fox Island]] used by [[Francis Shelden]] for child exploitation.[^1]
At Richards's arrest in July 1976 police found a letter from Grossman proposing "child care" sites in Michigan, New Jersey, California, Arizona, Texas, Vermont, Washington, Oregon and the District of Columbia, observing that counties would pay up to 150 dollars a month per boy, state agencies up to 400 and federal agencies up to 700, and that profits would be greatest if each site were set up under the church or the Educational Foundation for Youth because of their tax exemptions.[^2]
### The Grossman Letter
Richards was said to have handed over the letter in August 1976, postmarked July 19, 1976, with the institute's return address, and it was said to have mentioned a twelve-year-old boy Grossman had obtained through a Big Brother program. The institute was described as a sea-steading project. Starchild was said to have been Malcolm Willis McConahy, an offshore tax attorney who faked his death in 1975, and a scoutmaster in Minneapolis expelled in 1965.[^1]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). *Eye of the Chickenhawk*. United States: Thehotstar.
[^1]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. Sole source for the passages so cited. It gives New Jersey as the state of incorporation; Starchild's continued activity under that name in 1976 to 1985 is documented in the federal trust litigation.
[^2]: Wright, Marilyn. "Porno Ring Uses Church, Tax Laws." *Traverse City Record-Eagle,* 1977, reprinted in U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Crime. *Sexual Exploitation of Children,* hearings, 95th Congress, 1st session, Serial No. 12, 1977, pp. 86-87. https://archive.org/details/micro_IA41153502_0041

74
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/PayPal.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
---
category: "Private Organization"
aliases:
- "PayPal, Inc."
- "X.com Corporation"
- "Confinity"
tags:
- Organization
- Payments
- SiliconValley
- PeterThiel
- ElonMusk
- PayPalMafia
summary: "Online payments company formed in 2000 by merging Elon Musk's X.com with Peter Thiel and Max Levchin's Confinity, run by Thiel from September 2000, floated in February 2002 and sold to eBay that October."
location: "Palo Alto, California"
start: 2000-03-30
end: 2002-10-03
relations:
- type: founded
with: "[[Peter Thiel]]"
reverse: true
role: "co-founder of Confinity"
start: 1998-12
fn: 1
- type: founded
with: "[[Elon Musk]]"
reverse: true
role: "founder of X.com"
start: 1999-03
fn: 1
- type: head_of
with: "[[Peter Thiel]]"
reverse: true
role: "chief executive and president"
start: 2000-09
end: 2002-10-03
fn: 1
- type: head_of
with: "[[Elon Musk]]"
reverse: true
role: "chief executive"
start: 2000-05
end: 2000-09
fn: 1
- type: employed_by
with: "[[Max Levchin]]"
reverse: true
role: "chief technology officer"
start: 2000-03
fn: 1
- type: owned
with: "[[eBay]]"
reverse: true
start: 2002-10-03
fn: 4
created: 2026-09-22
updated: 2026-09-22
---
PayPal, Inc. "resulted from a merger between Confinity, Inc., incorporated in December 1998, and X.com Corporation, incorporated in March 1999." [[Peter Thiel]] and [[Max Levchin]] co-founded Confinity; [[Elon Musk]], earlier a co-founder of Zip2, founded X.com, which "intended to provide Internet banking services." On March 30, 2000, X.com merged with Confinity, X.com surviving; by October 2000 the company had abandoned internet banking for the PayPal product, and it took the name PayPal, Inc. in February 2001. Musk was chief executive of X.com from March to December 1999 and of PayPal from May to September 2000, when Thiel, a former [[Sullivan & Cromwell]] lawyer and derivatives trader, replaced him; Levchin was chief technology officer. In September 2001 Musk was the largest shareholder, with 14.2 percent, ahead of entities affiliated with [[Sequoia Capital]] (10.7 percent), whose partner [[Michael Moritz]] sat on the board, and Nokia Ventures (9.6 percent); Thiel held 5.6 percent and [[Reid Hoffman]] under one percent.[^1]
The company then had 10.0 million registered users, most of whose payments concerned online auctions. It disclosed that "during the four months between July and October 2000, we experienced a significant fraud episode," with gross losses from unauthorized charge-backs of 5.7 million dollars, and that MasterCard had fined it for excessive charge-backs.[^1]
### Flotation and Sale
PayPal sold 5,400,000 shares at 13 dollars in its initial public offering, under a prospectus dated February 14, 2002, on the Nasdaq National Market as PYPL.[^2] On July 8, 2002, [[eBay]] announced that it would acquire the company. The merger was completed on October 3, 2002, at 0.39 of an eBay share for each PayPal share, a transaction eBay valued at about 1.5 billion dollars, and Thiel resigned as chief executive the same day.[^3][^4] Members of the founding group went on to found or lead [[LinkedIn]], [[Palantir Technologies]], [[Founders Fund]], [[Tesla]] and [[SpaceX]], and became known as the [[PayPal Mafia]].[^5]
### Footnotes
[^1]: PayPal, Inc. Form S-1 registration statement, filed September 28, 2001, SEC file no. 333-70438, "Risk Factors," "Management's Discussion and Analysis," "Management" and "Principal Stockholders." https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1103415/000091205701533855/a2059025zs-1.htm
[^2]: PayPal, Inc. Prospectus, Rule 424(b)(4), February 14, 2002. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1103415/000091205702006471/a2071068z424b4.htm
[^3]: eBay Inc. and PayPal, Inc. "eBay to Acquire PayPal." Press release, July 8, 2002, filed as exhibit 99.1 to PayPal's Form 8-K. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1103415/000091205702026650/a2084015zex-99_1.htm
[^4]: PayPal, Inc. Form 8-K, October 4, 2002, and exhibit 99.1, "eBay Completes PayPal Acquisition," October 3, 2002. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1103415/000091205702037693/a2090698zex-99_1.htm
[^5]: Cameron, Dell, and Yulia Almazova. "Leak Exposes Members of Peter Thiel's Secretive 'Dialog' Society." *WIRED,* June 16, 2026. https://www.wired.com/story/leak-exposes-members-of-peter-thiels-secretive-dialog-society/

16
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Rockefeller Brothers Fund.md
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@ -6,9 +6,16 @@ tags:
- Philanthropy
- ColdWar
- Policy
summary: "The Rockefeller Brothers Fund (RBF), established in 1940 by the five Rockefeller brothers, funded the Special Studies Project (1956-1961) that produced six panel reports shaping Eisenhower and Kennedy administration foreign and defense policy, with Henry Kissinger chairing Panel IV on national security."
summary: "Foundation established in 1940 by the five Rockefeller brothers whose Special Studies Project of 1956-61, directed by Henry Kissinger until 1958, produced the Rockefeller Panel Reports on security, economy and foreign policy."
created: 2026-06-05
updated: 2026-06-05
updated: 2026-09-22
relations:
- type: employed_by
with: "[[Henry A. Kissinger]]"
reverse: true
role: "director, Special Studies Project"
end: 1958-06-30
fn: 5
---
The Rockefeller Brothers Fund (RBF) was established in 1940 by the five sons of [[John D. Rockefeller Jr.]] as a vehicle for coordinating the brothers' charitable giving, and became in the 1950s the primary instrument through which [[Nelson Rockefeller]] channeled Cold War policy development. Its Special Studies Project (1956-1961), convened by Nelson and staffed by figures from the national security establishment, produced six classified panel reports shaping Eisenhower and Kennedy administration defense and foreign policy. Panel IV on national security, chaired by [[Henry Kissinger]], launched Kissinger's career as a foreign policy adviser and cemented his relationship with Nelson Rockefeller.
@ -25,9 +32,9 @@ The RBF's most consequential initiative was the Special Studies Project, launche
The panels produced a series of influential reports between 1958 and 1961, collectively known as the "Prospect for America" reports and published in a compiled volume as *Prospect for America: The Rockefeller Panel Reports* (Doubleday, 1961). Individual panel papers were circulated to government officials before the consolidated publication. Their recommendations on nuclear weapons, military strategy, economic growth, and foreign policy substantially shaped the policy frameworks of both the final Eisenhower years and the early Kennedy administration. Veterans of the Special Studies Project who moved into the Kennedy White House included [[McGeorge Bundy]], [[Walt Rostow]], [[Roswell Gilpatric]], and [[Edward Lansdale]].[^2]
### Panel IV: National Security (Kissinger)
### Panel II: International Security (Kissinger)
Panel IV on national security was chaired by Henry Kissinger, then a Harvard faculty member who had worked on earlier Rockefeller-sponsored studies. The panel's work on nuclear strategy and limited war doctrine reflected the [[Rockefeller family]]'s long-standing interest in "flexible response" military capabilities as an alternative to massive nuclear retaliation.
[[Henry A. Kissinger|Henry Kissinger]] of Harvard's Center for International Affairs was director of the Special Studies Project until his resignation on June 30, 1958, and thereafter a consultant; the report of Panel II, *International Security: The Military Aspect,* was prepared under his direction. Panel IV dealt with the American economy.[^5] The panel's work on nuclear strategy and limited war doctrine reflected the [[Rockefeller family]]'s long-standing interest in "flexible response" military capabilities as an alternative to massive nuclear retaliation.
Kissinger's panel work through the RBF gave him the intellectual platform and Rockefeller family connections that launched his career as a foreign policy adviser. After the Special Studies Project, Kissinger continued to serve as Nelson Rockefeller's foreign policy consultant through the 1960s.[^3]
@ -43,3 +50,4 @@ Nelson Rockefeller used the RBF's national security framework to promote bomb sh
[^2]: Colby and Dennett, Ch. 25, 27.
[^3]: Colby and Dennett, Ch. 25, 27.
[^4]: Colby and Dennett, Ch. 25.
[^5]: Rockefeller Brothers Fund. *Prospect for America: The Rockefeller Panel Reports.* Doubleday, 1961, list of project staff and introduction to the report of Panel II. https://archive.org/details/prospect-for-america-the-rockefeller-panel-reports-rockefeller-brothers-fund-1961

41
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/The Church of New Revelation.md
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@ -1,16 +1,41 @@
---
aliases:
- "Church of the New Revelation"
tags:
- Organization
- Religious_Front
- New_Jersey
- ReligiousFront
- NewJersey
- 1970s
- Child_Pornography
- North_Fox_Island
- ChildPornography
- NorthFoxIsland
category: "Private Organization"
summary: "The Church of New Revelation was a sham religious entity incorporated in New Jersey that served as an umbrella organization for child exploitation operations during the 1970s."
location: "New Jersey, USA"
summary: "Tax-exempt church incorporated in Delaware in 1974 with a Kearny, New Jersey, address, under whose auspices Brother Paul's Children's Mission operated; a Tennessee investigator called it a 'referral agency which distributes pornography.'"
location: "Kearny, New Jersey"
start: 1974
relations:
- type: head_of
with: "[[Adam Starchild]]"
reverse: true
role: "president"
fn: 2
- type: employed_by
with: "[[Dyer Grossman]]"
reverse: true
role: "youth director"
fn: 2
created: 2026-04-28
updated: 2026-09-22
---
The Church of New Revelation was a sham religious entity incorporated in [[New Jersey]] that served as an umbrella organization for child exploitation operations during the 1970s. It was created solely on paper by [[Dyer Grossman]] to gain tax-exempt status for affiliated programs. [[Father Bud's Boys Farm]] in Monteagle, Tennessee was incorporated under the Church of New Revelation, as was [[Brother Paul's Children's Mission]] on [[North Fox Island]]. The church was described by authorities as a fraudulent referral agency for pornography distribution rather than a legitimate religious organization. [[Francis Shelden]] and [[Adam Starchild]] were connected to the church through their roles in incorporating the North Fox Island mission.[^1]
The Church of the New Revelation was incorporated in Delaware in 1974, listing its principal place of business in [[New Jersey]]; its articles of incorporation stated that it was formed to train and indoctrinate ministers, brothers and sisters in its teachings and ordain them to carry out its work. [[Adam Starchild]], listed in the Kearny telephone book, was its president and [[Dyer Grossman]] its youth director. The Internal Revenue Service declared it exempt from taxes without challenging or investigating its claim to be a charitable organization. [[Brother Paul's Children's Mission]], the camp on [[North Fox Island]] organized by [[Gerald Richards]], was created and operated under its auspices; Richards named the church, the [[Ocean Living Institute]] and the Educational Foundation for Youth as fronts for the production of child pornography. A letter from Grossman found on Richards recommended setting up "child care" sites under the church or the foundation because of their tax exemptions.[^2]
"There is no church," said Pete Bouldin of the Tennessee district attorney general's office. "It's just a referral agency which distributes pornography around the country."[^3]
### Father Bud's Boys Farm
[[Father Bud's Boys Farm]] in Tennessee was said to have been incorporated under the church, and the church to have been created on paper by Grossman; [[Francis Shelden]] and Starchild were connected to it through the incorporation of the North Fox Island mission.[^1]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). *Eye of the Chickenhawk*. United States: Thehotstar.
[^1]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. Sole source for the passages so cited. It gives New Jersey as the state of incorporation. The contemporaneous reporting lists Boys Farm, Inc., of Alto, Tennessee, as a separate organization and names Starchild, not Grossman, as the church's president.
[^2]: Wright, Marilyn. "Porno Ring Uses Church, Tax Laws." *Traverse City Record-Eagle,* 1977, reprinted in U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Crime. *Sexual Exploitation of Children,* hearings, 95th Congress, 1st session, Serial No. 12, 1977, pp. 86-87. https://archive.org/details/micro_IA41153502_0041
[^3]: *Chicago Tribune,* May 1977, reprinted in U.S. Senate, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee to Investigate Juvenile Delinquency. *Protection of Children Against Sexual Exploitation,* hearings, 95th Congress, 1st session, 1977. https://archive.org/details/protectionofchil00unit

4
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/The Sunday Mirror.md
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@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ summary: "The Sunday Mirror is a British tabloid newspaper that was part of Robe
start: 1915
location: "London, UK"
---
*The [[The Sunday Mirror]]* is a British newspaper. [[Robert Maxwell|Robert Maxwell's]] publishing empire included *The The Sunday Mirror*.[^1]
*The [[The Sunday Mirror]]* is a British newspaper. [[Robert Maxwell|Robert Maxwell's]] publishing empire included *The Sunday Mirror*.[^1]
[[Nicholas Davies]], a London *[[Daily Mirror]]* foreign editor and [[Israel|Israeli]] agent, put together a disinformation story for *The The Sunday Mirror* to discredit [[Mordecai Vanunu|Mordecai Vanunu's]] claims about Israel's nuclear program. This piece was published with copies of Vanunu's photographs, claiming that *The The Sunday Mirror* had investigated the pictures and the men trying to sell them and found it to be a "con job."[^1]
[[Nicholas Davies]], a London *[[Daily Mirror]]* foreign editor and [[Israel|Israeli]] agent, put together a disinformation story for *The Sunday Mirror* to discredit [[Mordecai Vanunu|Mordecai Vanunu's]] claims about Israel's nuclear program. This piece was published with copies of Vanunu's photographs, claiming that *The Sunday Mirror* had investigated the pictures and the men trying to sell them and found it to be a "con job."[^1]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network*. TrineDay, 1992.

47
20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Troop 137.md
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@ -1,31 +1,50 @@
---
tags:
- Organization
- Boy_Scout_Troop
- Child_Trafficking
- New_Orleans
- BoyScoutTroop
- ChildTrafficking
- NewOrleans
- Louisiana
- 1970s
- Delta_Project
- Odyssey_Network
- DeltaProject
- OdysseyNetwork
category: "Private Organization"
summary: "Troop 137 was a Boy Scout troop chartered in eastern New Orleans in 1974 by three men: Richard Halvorsen, Raymond Woodall, and Robert Lang."
summary: "New Orleans Boy Scout troop organized in 1974 by Richard Halvorsen and Raymond Woodall, raided in September 1976; nineteen men were charged, among them millionaire clients from Massachusetts and California."
start: 1974
end: 1976
location: "New Orleans, Louisiana"
relations:
- type: founded
with: "[[Richard Halvorsen]]"
reverse: true
start: 1974
fn: 2
- type: founded
with: "[[Raymond Woodall]]"
reverse: true
start: 1974
fn: 2
created: 2026-04-28
updated: 2026-09-22
---
Troop 137 was a Boy Scout troop chartered in eastern New Orleans in 1974 by three men: [[Richard Halvorsen]], [[Raymond Woodall]], and [[Robert Lang]]. Around forty boys from low income families were recruited into the troop, from which approximately ten boys aged between eight and twelve were groomed and supplied as boy prostitutes to a network of wealthy clients across the United States. The troop's exposure in September 1976 revealed a child pornography and prostitution operation linked to [[John David Norman]]'s [[Delta Project]] in Chicago and the [[Hermes]] newsletter.[^1]
Troop 137 was a Boy Scout troop organized in [[New Orleans]] in 1974 by [[Richard Halvorsen]] and [[Raymond Woodall]], with about 40 boys as members. From them the two men selected about ten to go on Scout trips, during which sexual acts took place; one boy was injured and hospitalized. The victims in New Orleans were eight to twelve years old, and documents seized in the raid led police to believe the ring may have involved as many as 30 boys, including wards of the Louisiana Welfare Department. Halvorsen was a volunteer probation officer, and many of the suspects had worked with volunteer agencies dealing with runaways and boys from broken homes; Halvorsen and Richard A. Pass gave boys guitars and a motorcycle as inducements. District Attorney [[Harry Connick]] said the Scout leaders had drawn up applications for state and federal money to establish homes for boys.[^2][^3]
The case broke when film reels of child pornography discovered by technicians in a broken down commercial film processing machine in Dallas were traced to an assistant scoutmaster named Harry O'Cramer. Boys from the troop and their scoutmasters were subsequently identified engaging in sex acts on the discovered film, leading to the arrest of Halvorsen, Woodall, and Lang. Further investigation revealed Halvorsen and Woodall had previously worked at a private children's school in Florida called Adelphi Academies, owned by [[Peter Bradford]]. The pair moved to New Orleans in the early 1970s and were approved as juvenile probationary officers, using these positions to access and reactivate case files on juvenile offenders to leverage against their families with scholarship offers to attend the Adelphi Academy in Florida. At least six boys from New Orleans had been trafficked to Florida for sex and pornography.[^1]
Acting on a tip, New Orleans police raided the troop's headquarters in September 1976 and arrested Halvorsen and Woodall. Halvorsen, 51, and twelve other men were first charged with conspiracy to commit aggravated rape and aggravated crimes against nature; four, including the assistant scoutmaster Harry O. Cramer, 23, of Mount Pleasant, South Carolina, were then at large. A search of Halvorsen's home produced card files with the names and addresses of boys in other states. "It seems to be like spider webs strung out all over the nation," said the juvenile detective Mason Spong, who said the investigation extended into 34 states; nineteen men were eventually charged.[^2][^3]
### Clients and the Escort Service
### Adelphi Academies
Among those charged as clients were a millionaire from California named [[Robert B. Mallers]], a Boston real estate mogul named [[Hugh Mellor]], and a Boston financier named [[Richard C. Jacobs]], who was a minority-owner of the New England Patriots NFL team. An associate of Raymond Woodall named [[Lewis Sialle]], who had been given an immunity deal to testify, claimed under oath that District Attorney [[Harry Connick]] had been the lover of a boy pornographer named [[John Reed Campbell]], a fugitive wanted in connection to the Troop 137 case. Sialle alleged: "I knew that Harry Connick was involved with John Campbell as his lover, and there was a cover-up." Campbell was a prime suspect from the beginning, with victims telling police they were introduced to the Troop 137 leaders at Campbell's residence after posing as models in "Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer" portraits Campbell had painted of them.[^1]
Halvorsen and Woodall had come to New Orleans from [[Coral Gables, Florida]], where they worked as maintenance men for the [[Adelphi Academies]], identified by Florida police as a former male prostitution front. Halvorsen recruited six New Orleans boys for the academies by telling their mothers he could obtain free scholarships; the co-owner, [[Peter Bradford]], flew to New Orleans, had sex with one of the boys and met the parents, and the six boys enrolled. Bradford was charged in New Orleans with two counts of aggravated crimes against nature, forfeited bond and stayed in Florida, where no charges were filed.[^3]
Woodall had also operated an escort service that initially used adult prostitutes but transitioned to using children from Troop 137, with Sialle testifying: "The service started out using adults, but they began ripping off the customers. That's when Woodall said we could use the kids. They'll get $50, a good meal and all that jazz." Halvorsen, Woodall, and O'Cramer all received lengthy prison terms. Robert Lang was the only key figure to avoid prison, with the State Department of Corrections putting in a good word with the judge on his behalf, recommending probation in view of his "minimal involvement" and describing Lang as of "high moral character."[^1]
### The Clients
### Connections to Broader Networks
Among those charged were [[Richard C. Jacobs]], millionaire president of the Jet Spray Corporation and a former part owner of the New England Patriots, who forfeited a 50,000-dollar bond to avoid trial in Louisiana; [[Robert B. Mallers]], a California millionaire; and [[Hugh Mellor|Hugh Scott Mellor]] of Brighton, Massachusetts, president of a real estate holding company.[^2][^3] Woodall's address book contained the name of [[John David Norman]], whose ring, according to the Chicago police, sent boys around the country to a network of clients. Halvorsen's files contained the name of [[Claudius Vermilye]] of [[Father Bud's Boys Farm]] in Tennessee, and the films seized in New Orleans helped Tennessee authorities identify boys filmed at the farm. By May 1977 Woodall and Halvorsen had been convicted and were awaiting sentence.[^2][^3]
An FBI memo from February 1977 confirmed the [[Delta Project]] connection to Troop 137 in New Orleans and noted that Norman's conviction in December 1976 ended an ongoing investigation into the Delta Project, which had continued to operate under [[Phillip Paske]]. A letter sent by [[Claudius Vermilye]] to Halvorsen personally inviting him to visit [[Father Bud's Boys Farm]] in Tennessee established the link between Troop 137 and the wider interlinked network of operations. Don Berlage, a district attorney in Charlevoix County, Michigan, was also connected to the case through the broader network.[^1]
### The Sialle Testimony
The case was said to have broken when film found in a broken-down commercial processing machine in Dallas was traced to Cramer, and [[Robert Lang]] was said to have been a third founder, arrested with the others, and the only principal to avoid prison, after the state Department of Corrections recommended probation for his "minimal involvement" and "high moral character." Halvorsen and Woodall were said to have used their positions as juvenile probation officers to reactivate case files and leverage families. An associate of Woodall, [[Lewis Sialle]], given immunity to testify, said that District Attorney Connick had been the lover of the boy pornographer [[John Reed Campbell]], a fugitive in the case, and that "there was a cover-up"; victims said they had met the troop leaders at Campbell's home after posing for his "Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer" portraits. Sialle testified that Woodall ran an escort service that turned to the boys of the troop: "They'll get $50, a good meal and all that jazz." Halvorsen, Woodall and Cramer were said to have received long prison terms. An [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] memo of February 1977 was said to have confirmed the link to Norman's [[Delta Project]], then run by [[Phillip Paske]]; Vermilye was said to have written to Halvorsen inviting him to the farm; and [[Don Berlage]], a district attorney in Charlevoix County, Michigan, was connected to the case.[^1]
### Footnotes
[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). *Eye of the Chickenhawk*. United States: Thehotstar.
[^1]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. Sole source for the passages so cited. It spells the assistant scoutmaster "Harry O'Cramer"; the hearing record and Louisiana Supreme Court captions (*State v. Cramer,* 362 So.2d 581, La. 1978) give Harry O. Cramer. Neither Lang, Sialle, Campbell nor Berlage appears in the 1977 hearing record.
[^2]: Wright, Marilyn. *Traverse City Record-Eagle,* 1976-1977, reprinted in U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Crime. *Sexual Exploitation of Children,* hearings, 95th Congress, 1st session, Serial No. 12, 1977. https://archive.org/details/micro_IA41153502_0041
[^3]: *Chicago Tribune,* May 1977, reprinted in *Sexual Exploitation of Children,* Serial No. 12, 1977, pp. 439-443, and in U.S. Senate, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee to Investigate Juvenile Delinquency. *Protection of Children Against Sexual Exploitation,* hearings, 1977. https://archive.org/details/protectionofchil00unit