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60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Palestine.md
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@ -13,15 +13,15 @@ updated: 2026-05-17
location: "Ramallah / Gaza City"
---
Palestine refers to the territory claimed by the Palestinian people as the basis for an independent state, comprising the [[West Bank]] (including East [[Jerusalem]]) and the [[Gaza Strip]]. The question of Palestinian statehood derives from the British Mandate period (1920-1948) and the 1948 establishment of the [[State of Israel]], which displaced approximately 700,000 Palestinian Arabs in what Palestinians call the Nakba (catastrophe). The [[West Bank]] was held by [[Jordan]] from 1948 to 1967 and occupied by [[Israel]] following the [[Six-Day War]]; the Gaza Strip was held by [[Egypt]] and similarly occupied by Israel in 1967.[^1]
Palestine refers to the territory claimed by the Palestinian people as the basis for an independent state, comprising the [[West Bank]] (including East [[Jerusalem]]) and the [[Gaza Strip]]. The question of Palestinian statehood derives from the British Mandate period (1920-1948) and the 1948 establishment of the [[State of Israel]], which displaced approximately 700,000 Palestinian Arabs in what Palestinians call the Nakba (catastrophe). The West Bank was held by [[Jordan]] from 1948 to 1967 and occupied by [[Israel]] following the [[Six-Day War]]; the Gaza Strip was held by [[Egypt]] and similarly occupied by Israel in 1967.[^1]
### PLO and Palestinian Organizations
The [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] (PLO) was founded in 1964 as an umbrella organization for Palestinian political and military factions. Under [[Yasser Arafat]]'s leadership following the 1967 war, the PLO's Fatah movement became dominant. The PLO established itself in [[Jordan]], conducting cross-border operations against [[Israel]], until it was expelled following [[Black September]] 1970 - when King Hussein crushed PLO forces in Jordan. The PLO relocated to [[Lebanon]], from which it conducted operations until Israel's 1982 invasion forced its departure to Tunis.
The [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] (PLO) was founded in 1964 as an umbrella organization for Palestinian political and military factions. Under [[Yasser Arafat]]'s leadership following the 1967 war, the PLO's Fatah movement became dominant. The PLO established itself in Jordan, conducting cross-border operations against Israel, until it was expelled following [[Black September]] 1970 - when King Hussein crushed PLO forces in Jordan. The PLO relocated to [[Lebanon]], from which it conducted operations until Israel's 1982 invasion forced its departure to Tunis.
Palestinian factions active in the period covered by this vault include:
- [[Fatah]] - Arafat's mainstream nationalist faction
- [[Black September]] - a PLO-affiliated clandestine unit responsible for the [[Munich massacre]] of September 5-6, 1972
- Black September - a PLO-affiliated clandestine unit responsible for the [[Munich massacre]] of September 5-6, 1972
- [[PFLP]] (Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine) - Marxist faction that conducted hijackings including the 1976 [[Entebbe hijacking|Entebbe]] operation
- [[Abu Nidal Organization]] - breakaway faction that conducted attacks in multiple countries, allegedly with connections to [[Iraq]] and [[Libya]]
@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Palestinian intelligence organizations - including Force 17 and the PLO's intell
### PA and Oslo
The 1993 Oslo Accords between Israel and the PLO established the [[Palestinian Authority]] (PA), which assumed limited self-governance authority in parts of the West Bank and Gaza. The PA's intelligence apparatus, the [[Preventive Security Service]] (Amn al-Wiqaiya), maintained security cooperation with both the CIA and Israeli [[Shin Bet]] from the Oslo period onward as part of coordinated counterterrorism programs targeting Islamist factions.[^1]
The 1993 [[Oslo Accords]] between Israel and the PLO established the [[Palestinian Authority]] (PA), which assumed limited self-governance authority in parts of the West Bank and Gaza. The PA's intelligence apparatus, the [[Preventive Security Service]] (Amn al-Wiqaiya), maintained security cooperation with both the CIA and Israeli [[Shin Bet]] from the Oslo period onward as part of coordinated counterterrorism programs targeting Islamist factions.[^1]
### Footnotes