Updating tags and formatting.

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- 2025-08-05T1106 · [[Office of the Comptroller of the Currency]]
- 2025-08-05T1100 · [[Capcom]]
- 2025-08-05T1059 · [[State Department]]
- 2025-08-05T1051 · [[Adnan Khashoggi]]
- 2025-08-05T1046 · [[Central Intelligence Agency]]
- 2025-08-05T1036 · [[Afghanistan]]
- 2025-08-05T1031 · [[Abbas Gokal]]
- 2025-08-05T1029 · [[Zayed bin Sultan AL-Nahayan]]
- 2025-08-05T1026 · [[Independence Bank of Encino]]
- 2025-08-05T1019 · [[First American Bank]]
- 2025-08-05T1015 · [[Donald Regan]]
- 2025-08-05T1013 · [[Douglas Mulholland]]
- 2025-08-05T1007 · [[Financial General Bankshares]]
- 2025-08-05T1007 · [[Securities and Exchange Commission]]
- 2025-08-05T1004 · [[Soviet Union]]
- 2025-08-05T1000 · [[Joseph E. Vaez]]
- 2025-08-05T0959 · [[The Samson Option (GFE)]]
- 2025-08-05T0958 · [[The Samson Option Narrative]]
- 2025-08-05T0947 · [[National Bank of Georgia]]
- 2025-08-05T0944 · [[Dimona]]
- 2025-08-05T0935 · [[ICIC]]
- 2025-08-05T0928 · [[Chelsea National Bank]]
- 2025-08-05T0009 · [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International]]
- 2025-08-04T2349 · [[William von Raab]]
- 2025-08-04T2336 · [[Charles Saphos]]
- 2025-08-04T2333 · [[William Ryback]]
- 2025-08-04T2327 · [[Masihur Rahman]]
- 2025-08-04T2327 · [[Ghaith R. Pharaon]]
- 2025-08-04T2322 · [[David L. Paul]]
- 2025-08-04T2319 · [[Swaleh Naqvi]]
- 2025-08-04T2316 · [[Robert Mueller]]
- 2025-08-04T2311 · [[Robert Morgenthau]]
- 2025-08-04T2308 · [[Khalfan al-Mazrui]]
- 2025-08-04T2308 · [[Ghanim Fan's al-Mazrui]]
- 2025-08-04T2305 · [[Sami Masri]]
- 2025-08-04T2302 · [[Middleton "Sandy" Martin]]
- 2025-08-04T2257 · [[Gerald Lewis]]
- 2025-08-04T2255 · [[Robin Leigh-Pemberton]]
- 2025-08-04T2250 · [[Bert Lance]]
- 2025-08-04T2245 · [[A. R. (Abdul Raouf) Khalil]]
- 2025-08-04T2244 · [[John Kerry]]
- 2025-08-04T2242 · [[Richard J. Kerr]]
- 2025-08-04T2239 · [[Zafar Iqbal]]
- 2025-08-04T2237 · [[Eugene Holley]]
- 2025-08-04T2234 · [[Fazle Haq]]
- 2025-08-04T2234 · [[Gokal brothers]]
- 2025-08-04T2225 · [[Eddie George]]
- 2025-08-04T2218 · [[Arif Durrani]]
- 2025-08-04T2213 · [[James Dougherty]]
- 2025-08-04T2211 · [[Clark Clifford]]
- 2025-08-06T0005 · [[Army Security Agency]]
- 2025-08-06T0005 · [[Fort Meade]]
- 2025-08-06T0005 · [[National Security Council]]
- 2025-08-06T0005 · [[State Department]]
- 2025-08-06T0005 · [[DARPA]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[Office of Strategic Services]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[Department of Defense]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[Clark Clifford]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[NSA]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[Defense Intelligence Agency]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[Central Intelligence Agency]]
- 2025-08-06T0003 · [[U.S. Embassy in Moscow]]
- 2025-08-06T0003 · [[Soviet Union]]
- 2025-08-06T0003 · [[Shin Bet]]
- 2025-08-06T0003 · [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]]
- 2025-08-06T0003 · [[Nazi Germany]]
- 2025-08-06T0003 · [[Israel]]
- 2025-08-06T0002 · [[French Intelligence]]
- 2025-08-06T0002 · [[France]]
- 2025-08-06T0002 · [[China]]
- 2025-08-06T0002 · [[British Intelligence]]
- 2025-08-06T0002 · [[Ahnenerbe]]
- 2025-08-06T0001 · [[Karl Zener]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[Yigael Yadin7 · [[KEY ORGANIZATIONS]]
- 2025-08-06T0007 · [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International]]
- 2025-08-06T0007 · [[Stanford Research Institute]]
- 2025-08-06T0006 · [[American Society for Psychical Research]]
- 2025-08-06T0006 · [[James Dougherty]]
- 2025-08-06T0006 · [[Symbionese Liberation Army]]
- 2025-08-06T0006 · [[Mujahideen]]
- 2025-08-06T0006 · [[African National Congress]]
- 2025-08-06T0005 · [[United Nations Fund for Drug Abuse Control]]
- 2025-08-06T0005 · [[Army Security Agency]]
- 2025-08-06T0005 · [[Fort Meade]]
- 2025-08-06T0005 · [[National Security Council]]
- 2025-08-06T0005 · [[State Department]]
- 2025-08-06T0005 · [[DARPA]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[Office of Strategic Services]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[Department of Defense]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[Clark Clifford]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[NSA]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[Defense Intelligence Agency]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]]
- 2025-08-06T0004 · [[Central Intelligence Agency]]
- 2025-08-06T0003 · [[U.S. Embassy in Moscow]]
- 2025-08-06T0003 · [[Soviet Union]]
- 2025-08-06T0003 · [[Shin Bet]]
- 2025-08-06T0003 · [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]]
- 2025-08-06T0003 · [[Nazi Germany]]
- 2025-08-06T0003 · [[Israel]]
- 2025-08-06T0002 · [[French Intelligence]]
- 2025-08-06T0002 · [[France]]
- 2025-08-06T0002 · [[China]]
- 2025-08-06T0002 · [[British Intelligence]]
- 2025-08-06T0002 · [[Ahnenerbe]]
- 2025-08-06T0001 · [[Karl Zener]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[Zayed bin Sultan AL-Nahayan]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[Yosef Zeira]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[Yitzhak Tunic]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[Yigael Yadin]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[Yekutiel Adam]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[Yakov Terletsky]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[Wolfgang Pauli]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[William Xenakis]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[William Wolfe]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[William von Raab]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[William Sessions]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[William Ryback]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[William James]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[William J. Casey]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[William F. Weld]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[Wilhelm Wulff]]
- 2025-08-06T0000 · [[Werner Tony Asmar]]

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@ -1,5 +1,13 @@
---
tags: ["Person", "Business", "Shipping", "BCCI"]
tags:
- Person
- Business
- Shipping
- BCCI
- Banking
- Finance
- UK
- Pakistan
---
Abbas Gokal was one of the [[Gokal brothers]] who ran the [[Gulf Group]], a London-based shipping company.[^1]
@ -9,7 +17,7 @@ Abbas Gokal was used as a front by [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|B
The Gulf Group, run by the Gokal brothers, was believed to be BCCI's largest debtor, with loans topping out at $831 million in 1990 that were never repaid.[^3] The Gokal brothers' shipping empire was built with BCCI money.[^3]
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 9.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 11.

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@ -3,6 +3,10 @@ tags:
- Person
- Politics
- Algeria
- Diplomat
- Foreign Minister
- Iran Hostage Crisis
- Arms Dealing
---
[[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]] was an [[Algeria|Algerian]] Foreign Minister and a well-respected diplomat. He met with various [[Iran|Iranian]] leaders, including [[Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini]], in April 1980 to discuss the [[USA|American]] hostage crisis. However, he failed to broker an accord because he was unable to guarantee arms sales to [[Iran]].[^1]

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@ -3,6 +3,10 @@ tags:
- Person
- Politics
- Libya
- Military
- Iran
- Islamic Revolution
- Qaddafi
---
Major [[Abdul Salam Jalloud]] was the right-hand man of [[Muammar Qaddafi|Col. Muammar Qaddafi]] of [[Libya]]. He visited [[Iran]] to present [[Muammar Qaddafi|Qaddafi's]] congratulations to the new regime after the [[Iranian Revolution]].[^1]

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@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
---
tags: ["Person", "Financier", "BCCI"]
tags:
- Person
- Financier
- BCCI
- Banking
- Finance
- Pakistan
- Islam
---
Agha Hasan Abedi was a Pakistani financier who founded the [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]] in 1972, with the intention of creating the Third World's first multinational bank. He is described as a diminutive man, the son of petty bureaucrats, who handcrafted BCCI into one of the most powerful private organizations globally by the early 1980s.[^1] Abedi was a visionary and a romantic, a Muslim who drifted into the secretive Sufi sect, which influenced his unique business style. He incorporated Islamic mysticism into the bank's driving force, emphasizing spiritual progress and a democratic theory of management, which eventually devolved into corruption. He was known for his ability to build relationships with ruling elites and for his philanthropic efforts in the Third World.[^2]
@ -21,10 +28,10 @@ Abedi's influence grew through strategic alliances, including with [[Zia ul-Haq|
BCCI's operations were deeply intertwined with intelligence agencies, including the [[Central Intelligence Agency]], and were involved in arms dealing, drug trafficking, and money laundering on a global scale.[^17] Abedi's ability to operate with apparent immunity from law enforcement in the United States was attributed to these high-level connections and a probable cover-up by government officials.[^18]
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 18.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 18.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, pp. 16-19.
[^3]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 19.
[^4]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, pp. 155, 163.
[^5]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, pp. 141, 143.
@ -39,5 +46,5 @@ BCCI's operations were deeply intertwined with intelligence agencies, including
[^14]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 324.
[^15]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 329.
[^16]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, pp. 227-228.
[^17]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 16.
[^18]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 17.
[^17]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, pp. 16-17.
[^18]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 17.

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@ -4,6 +4,11 @@ aliases:
tags:
- Person
- Government Official
- Remote Viewing
- Intelligence
- DIA
- USA
- Stargate Project
---
Al Girard was the replacement for [[Dale Graff]] as the head of the [[Remote Viewing]] unit after Graff's retirement in June 1993. He took over leadership of the program during a period of significant turmoil and decline[^1].
@ -11,5 +16,5 @@ Girard reportedly "thought the unit was totally out of control" and seemed to ha
In the winter of 1994, Girard was involved in the court-martial proceedings against [[David Morehouse]], a former member of the remote-viewing unit. He asked [[Angela Dellafiora]] to accompany him to the [[Pentagon]] to meet with Morehouse's lawyer, and Dellafiora later testified as an expert witness on the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]]'s remote-viewing program during Morehouse's preliminary court-martial hearing[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -1,3 +1,13 @@
---
tags:
- Person
- Lawyer
- Military
- Special Forces
- CIA
- DEA
- USA
---
[[Allan Boyak]] is an attorney from [[Utah]] who represented [[Michael Riconosciuto]] in his drug case. Boyak had a background in the [[United States Army Special Forces|U.S. Army Special Forces]] and reportedly did some contract work for the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] during the 1960s and early 1970s. He also worked briefly for the [[Drug Enforcement Administration|DEA]] (or its antecedent agency) in [[California]] before leaving government service to attend law school.[^1]
After law school, Boyak joined a Hollywood law firm and became involved in criminal defense work, representing a number of "well placed West Coast drug traffickers." He later moved to [[Utah]], maintaining a part-time law practice in [[California]].[^1]
@ -16,7 +26,6 @@ Over the next two years, after the Los Angeles [[Federal Bureau of Investigation
Boyak received a telephone call from [[Michael Riconosciuto]] who identified himself as a former employee of [[Robert Booth Nichols]] and referenced [[Ted Gunderson]] as a "mutual friend." In April 1991, Boyak received another call from Gunderson, informing him that [[Michael Riconosciuto]] was "in trouble" and "caught in a government frame-up."[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -6,8 +6,6 @@ tags:
- Biologist
- Scientist
---
# Allan H. Frey
Allan H. Frey is a biologist known for his research into the effects of microwave radiation on the human body. Since 1960, he has worked on both classified and unclassified [[Department of Defense]] contracts, including those with the [[Office of Naval Research]] and the [[U.S. Army]][^1].
In 1961, Frey discovered a radical new technology, later termed [[Synthetic Telepathy]], where a microwave input signal allowed the brain to perceive a message as a voice transmission, even though it was a microwave beam. He posited that living organisms are "complex electrochemical systems that evolved over billions of years in a world with a relatively simple weak magnetic field." His work focused on understanding the effects of [[Electromagnetic Energy|electromagnetic energy]] on biological systems, noting that the world now "glows with electromagnetic (em) energy emissions"[^1].
@ -16,5 +14,5 @@ Frey criticized the "glib assumptions that government scientists had a complete
His research added further resonance to the mysterious links between [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]], [[Psychokinesis|PK]], and [[Electromagnetic Weapons]], which were actively studied by the [[Soviet Union|Russians]]. In the late 1960s, Frey reported that he could speed up, slow down, or stop an excised frog heart by synchronizing the pulse rate of a microwave beam with the heart itself, an experiment that echoed what [[Ninel Kulagina]] was reported to have done with her mind[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
Gamayel received a letter from [[George K. Pender]], President of [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]], dated July 12, 1983, discussing [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]]'s interest in arranging financing for the redevelopment of [[Lebanon]]. The letter also mentioned Pender's previous visits to Beirut and meetings with figures like [[Maurice Ghanem]] and Mourad Baroudy. Pender's letter listed [[Robert Booth Nichols]]' telex number for responses.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
---
tags: ["Person", "Banker", "BCCI"]
tags:
- Person
- Banker
- BCCI
- Banking
- Money Laundering
- Panama
- Criminal
---
Amjad Awan was a manager of [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]] [[Panama]] and later the bank's marketing manager for Latin America and the Caribbean.[^1] He gained notoriety as [[Manuel Noriega]]'s personal banker, handling his accounts and facilitating illicit financial transactions.[^2]
@ -15,7 +22,7 @@ Awan's connections extended to high-level figures within BCCI and beyond. He was
His case was part of a larger investigation into BCCI's money laundering activities, which eventually led to the bank pleading guilty in Tampa in 1990.[^9]
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 8.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 8.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Angelo Commito]] was an individual who was under investigation in 1987 for various suspected offenses, including extortion, insider trading (MCA/Universal), the purchase and sale of narcotics/controlled substances, and the allocation and use of the proceeds of its trafficking. His name appeared in [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] wiretap affidavits related to the investigation of [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] and its alleged ties to organized crime.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Anthony Fratianno]] was an alleged mobster mentioned in a surveillance report from the Indio Police Department in August 1981. He was observed meeting with [[Dr. John Philip Nichols]], the Cabazon Administrator, and other [[La Cosa Nostra]] underworld figures. These meetings were believed to involve financial transactions.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ Antonio Savasta was a member of the [[Red Brigades]], a Marxist-Leninist paramil
Savasta was present in the apartment where Dozier was held captive. When Italian Special Forces stormed the apartment to rescue Dozier, Savasta was holding a gun to the General's head. However, before he could pull the trigger, a commando hit him from behind with the butt of a machine gun, knocking him to the floor. This action led to Dozier's successful rescue after 42 days in captivity[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
---
tags: ["Person", "Arms Dealer", "Pakistan", "BCCI"]
tags:
- Person
- Arms Dealer
- Pakistan
- BCCI
- Military
- Iran
- Banking
---
Arif Durrani was a [[Pakistan|Pakistani]] arms dealer convicted of illegally providing HAWK antiaircraft missile parts to [[Iran]].[^1] He was the son of an army general.[^2]
@ -13,7 +20,7 @@ He outlined BCCI's and [[Asaf Ali]]'s weapons deals across the globe, from [[Bul
Until his arrest, Durrani was the managing director of Merex, a California arms firm that supplied the Israelis.[^12]
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 9.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 321.

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@ -5,13 +5,11 @@ tags:
- Person
- Psychic Healer
---
# Arigo
Arigo was a Brazilian psychic healer who gained widespread notoriety for reportedly performing major surgeries with a pocketknife, without anesthesia, stitches, or antibiotics, and without causing any pain. His extraordinary abilities attracted the attention of [[Andrija Puharich]], who became obsessed with documenting his work[^1].
In early 1963, [[Henry Belk]], a benefactor of Puharich's research, proposed that Puharich investigate Arigo in Brazil. Puharich, convinced of Arigo's authenticity, spent the next seven years shuttling between Ossining and Brazil, meticulously documenting Arigo's "surgeries" on 8mm film[^1].
Puharich attempted to interest his military clients in sponsoring his research on Arigo, outlining the potential for "psychic healing on the battlefield." However, no government sponsor took the bait[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
Burns and Weld submitted their resignations to President [[Ronald Reagan]] on March 29, 1988, after meeting with [[Howard Baker]]. This was part of an unprecedented mass exodus from the [[United States Department of Justice|Justice Department]], signaling a complete loss of faith in the department. [[Senator Robert Byrd]] called Meese "the crown jewel of Reagan's sleaze factor" and demanded his resignation.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
[[Robert Chasen]], Executive Vice President of [[Wackenhut Corporation]], felt an affinity with Welmas due to his wife being part Cherokee. Chasen sympathized with the Cabazons' situation and expressed a desire to protect them, suggesting he may have done so by shutting down the [[Wackenhut Corporation]]'s biological virus and vaccine development proposal to the Army on the Cabazon reservation.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
---
tags: ["Person", "Arms Dealer", "Pakistan", "BCCI"]
tags:
- Person
- Arms Dealer
- Pakistan
- BCCI
- Banking
- Military
- France
---
Asaf Ali is a Pakistani multimillionaire and arms dealer, closely associated with [[Agha Hasan Abedi]] and the [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]]. He is described as a key figure in the Middle Eastern arms business, often brokering deals that involved governments and intelligence agencies.[^1]
@ -17,7 +24,7 @@ Ali's connections were extensive, reaching high-level officials and intelligence
He was also involved in meetings with [[William Casey]], the former [[CIA]] Director, and accompanied [[Zia ul-Haq|General Zia]] on a trip to Washington where they met with Casey.[^10]
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 8.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 309.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Barbara Locke]] was a friend of [[Shaula Brent]] and also worked at Fremont Hospital. She and Brent were suspicious about [[Roderick Sinclair]]'s hospital records after the "Queen's accident." They secretly took photostats of the records "before they were destroyed by the hospital."[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
[[George K. Pender]], President of [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]], stated in a letter to [[Amin Gamayel]] that he was a good friend of Bashir and had been with him in Beirut in 1976 when the Syrian Army arrived. Pender also mentioned meeting Bashir in Framingham, Massachusetts, during a U.S. speaking tour.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -17,6 +17,6 @@ Kalka was close to [[Al Holbert]], a former [[Israel|Israeli]] intelligence agen
[[Michael Riconosciuto]] claimed that the precursors Kalka used were provided by the [[United States Government|U.S. government]] and that a chemical company was cooperating with the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] by reporting all chemicals Riconosciuto ordered for his companies, which he then provided to Kalka. The money from these operations was reportedly laundered through [[Liechtenstein]] and other countries.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ Wagner was reportedly carrying a gun both inside and outside Mariposa for the fi
Shortly before his first scheduled court appearance on behalf of D.I.G., Wagner received an obscure response from "Chuck" at the [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] [[White House]]. The day after meeting with "Chuck," Wagner, along with [[Jerry Goldberg]], reportedly disappeared, unplugging his phone and leaving his law practice and home, never to be seen again.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Bill McCoy]] was a retired Chief Warrant Officer from the [[United States Army Criminal Investigation Division|U.S. Army's Criminal Investigation Division]]. He became involved in the [[Danny Casolaro]] investigation of the [[PROMIS]] software. McCoy obtained [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] wiretap affidavits from [[Peter Zokosky]] on January 17, 1991, and subsequently provided them to [[Danny Casolaro]]. McCoy died at home in 1997.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ Gritz was indicted in May 1987 for using a false passport in the name of Patrick
[[Patrick Moriarty]], the Red Devil fireworks magnate, was subpoenaed to testify on behalf of Gritz at his trial. Moriarty's lawyer, [[Jan Lawrence Handzlik]], stated that Moriarty had paid Gritz to make business trips to [[China]], [[Singapore]], and other parts of [[Asia]]. Gritz claimed his July 1989 trip to [[Asia]] was to negotiate an oil interest he and Moriarty had set up between the [[People's Republic of China]] and [[Indonesia]].[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ Bickel was a key source for Casolaro's "[[The Octopus]]" investigation. Casolaro
In the last days before his death, Casolaro discussed [[Michael Abbell]], [[Robert Booth Nichols]], and the [[Cali Drug Cartel]] at length with Bickel. Bickel confirmed that Casolaro confronted Nichols about his relationship with Abbell. Bickel's confirmation of Casolaro's focus on [[Michael Abbell]] in the days leading up to his death suggested that Casolaro may have unknowingly stepped into a large narcotics trafficking and intelligence operation.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ On October 8, 1963, Baker was forced to resign as a Senate investigation into hi
Baker conducted considerable business with the Mob in Las Vegas, Chicago, Louisiana, and the Caribbean. Through Baker, [[Edward Levinson]] also became acquainted with [[Clint Murchison, Sr.]]. [[Clint W. Murchison, Jr.]] attempted to persuade the Senate Rules Committee in 1964 that his real estate dealings with [[Jimmy Hoffa]] in Florida were " hardly relevant" to the Baker investigation.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
Eckerson's disclosure statements on file at the Mariposa County Courthouse indicated that he owned stock in [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] Entertainment Corporation. He was appointed by [[John Van de Kamp]], the State Attorney General, to take charge of the investigation into the "[[Queen's accident]]" and submit a new report, after Van de Kamp allegedly told his assistant to "discard" the original report.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
---
tags:
- Person
- Lawyer
- Government
- USA
---
[[C. Boyden Gray]] was an individual whom [[Daniel Murphy]] asked to "become the [[John Adams]] of the [[INSLAW]] case" and represent [[INSLAW]] after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. Murphy asked Gray to represent [[INSLAW]] "simply because it was the right thing to do."[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ Robinson's affidavit for recusal also stated that he obtained the assistance of
[[Sean McDade]] interviewed Robinson in prison. Robinson reportedly had some connection to a former [[United States Customs Service|U.S. Customs]] official and the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation]], but McDade's investigation was closed before he could prove the connection.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Cap Kressop]] was a "technical wizard" and a Mormon. He was a client of attorney [[Allan Boyak]]. Kressop was approached by [[Robert Booth Nichols]] and asked to manufacture a prototype laser site for a rifle. He was offered a $200,000 contract for the job but became suspicious when Nichols wanted to pay him in cash.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ Charles Bohlen (1904–1974) was a distinguished American diplomat who served as
Bohlen died of pancreatic cancer on January 1, 1974, at the age of sixty-nine. His death, along with that of [[Llewellyn Thomas]] and later [[Walter Stoessel Jr.]], raised concerns about the potential health effects of prolonged exposure to the Moscow Signal[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Charlie Frezeli]] was a Lebanese army officer and a member of the [[Middle East Collection 10]] (MC-10) cell in [[Cyprus]] and Beirut. He was shot dead at his home in east Beirut in November 1989.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
[[Michael Riconosciuto]] told Cannon that he had records proving the precursors Kalka used were provided by the [[United States Government|U.S. government]]. Riconosciuto also described the role of federal agents and their authorization for him to sell Kalka the final ingredient needed to make methamphetamine.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,38 +1,38 @@
---
tags: ["Person", "Lawyer", "Government Official", "BCCI"]
tags:
- Person
- Lawyer
- Government Official
- BCCI
- Banking
- Politics
- USA
- Defense
---
Clark Clifford was a prominent American attorney and government official who advised Democratic presidents since [[Harry S. Truman|Truman]].[^1] He served as chairman of [[First American Bank]] and was chief U.S. counsel to [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]].[^2]
Clark Clifford was a prominent American attorney and government official who advised Democratic presidents since [[Harry S. Truman|Truman]].[^1] He served as chairman of [[First American Bank]] and was chief U.S. counsel to [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]].[^1]
### Political and Legal Career
Clifford arrived in [[Washington, D.C.]] in 1945 as a naval aide at the White House.[^3] He was a principal architect of "Fair Deal" politics and a co-author of the [[National Security Act of 1947]], which established the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] and the [[National Security Council]].[^4] He was a key figure in the creation of the [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] and participated in the formulation of the [[Truman Doctrine]], a policy of Soviet containment.[^5]
Clifford arrived in [[Washington, D.C.]] in 1945 as a naval aide at the White House.[^2] He was a principal architect of "Fair Deal" politics and a co-author of the [[National Security Act of 1947]], which established the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] and the [[National Security Council]].[^2] He was a key figure in the creation of the [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] and participated in the formulation of the [[Truman Doctrine]], a policy of Soviet containment.[^2]
He advised [[John F. Kennedy]] after the [[Bay of Pigs Invasion]] and served as Secretary of Defense under [[Lyndon B. Johnson]], leading efforts to extricate the United States from [[Vietnam]].[^6] Clifford also counseled [[Jimmy Carter]] on the [[Panama Canal Treaty]] and acted as his special envoy to Greece, Turkey, and India.[^7]
He advised [[John F. Kennedy]] after the [[Bay of Pigs Invasion]] and served as Secretary of Defense under [[Lyndon B. Johnson]], leading efforts to extricate the United States from [[Vietnam]].[^2] Clifford also counseled [[Jimmy Carter]] on the [[Panama Canal Treaty]] and acted as his special envoy to Greece, Turkey, and India.[^2]
After leaving government service, Clifford maintained a private law practice, representing major corporations such as Firestone Tire & Rubber Company, Time Incorporated, and General Electric.[^8] He was known for his ability to navigate political complexities and his influence in Washington.[^9]
After leaving government service, Clifford maintained a private law practice, representing major corporations such as Firestone Tire & Rubber Company, Time Incorporated, and General Electric.[^2] He was known for his ability to navigate political complexities and his influence in Washington.[^2]
### Involvement with BCCI
Clifford became involved with BCCI through his association with [[Bert Lance]], who introduced him to [[Agha Hasan Abedi]].[^10] Clifford and his law partner, [[Robert Altman]], were instrumental in BCCI's secret acquisition of [[Financial General Bankshares]], which later became First American Bank.[^11] They served as BCCI's lead counsel in the United States and were paid substantial legal fees for their work.[^12]
Clifford became involved with BCCI through his association with [[Bert Lance]], who introduced him to [[Agha Hasan Abedi]].[^2] Clifford and his law partner, [[Robert Altman]], were instrumental in BCCI's secret acquisition of [[Financial General Bankshares]], which later became First American Bank.[^3] They served as BCCI's lead counsel in the United States and were paid substantial legal fees for their work.[^4]
Clifford and Altman were accused of lying to U.S. banking regulators about BCCI's secret ownership of First American Bank.[^13] In February 1988, they sold a large portion of their First American stock to a BCCI front man, making significant profits.[^14] This transaction occurred amidst growing scrutiny of BCCI's activities.
Clifford and Altman were accused of lying to U.S. banking regulators about BCCI's secret ownership of First American Bank.[^10] In February 1988, they sold a large portion of their First American stock to a BCCI front man, making significant profits.[^6] This transaction occurred amidst growing scrutiny of BCCI's activities.
In July 1992, Clifford and Altman were indicted by a New York grand jury on charges of bribery and fraud related to their involvement with BCCI.[^15]
In July 1992, Clifford and Altman were indicted by a New York grand jury on charges of bribery and fraud related to their involvement with BCCI.[^7]
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 9.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 9.
[^3]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 185.
[^4]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 185.
[^5]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 185.
[^6]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 185.
[^7]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 185.
[^8]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 186.
[^9]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 187.
[^10]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 181.
[^11]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 194.
[^12]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 217.
[^13]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 30.
[^14]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 215.
[^15]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 14.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, pp. 181-187.
[^3]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 194.
[^4]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 217.
[^5]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 30.
[^6]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 215.
[^7]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 14.

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@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ He was present at the scene of the "Queen's accident" on March 5, 1983, when a M
Beavers, along with [[Ben Wagner]] and others, stood in front of the Fresno [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] building while being interviewed by Channel 3 Sacramento News. On camera, Beavers recalled observing deputies carrying packages of drugs from the Gold Coin Saloon and placing them in their patrol car.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ tags:
---
David Baltimore is a Nobel Prize-winning biologist. He was the mentor of [[Garry Nolan]], a leading research scientist at [[Stanford University]] specializing in genetics, immunology, and bioinformatics[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[David F. Levi]] was a [[United States Attorney|United States Attorney]]. He was named in a Writ of Mandamus filed by [[Ben Wagner]] for refusing to investigate corruption in Mariposa County.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
Mayer's attorney/client files reportedly contained documentary evidence from his client, [[Ben Kalka]], regarding Kalka's business ties with [[Michael Riconosciuto]] at [[R & R Research]], at the laboratory facilities at Hercules, [[California]], and [[Dr. John Philip Nichols]].[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Dick Wilson]] was associated with [[Wackenhut Corporation]]. [[Robert Chasen]], Executive Vice President of [[Wackenhut Corporation]], believed that Wilson and [[Robert Frye]] were "dazzled" with [[Robert Booth Nichols]], despite Chasen's own distrust of Nichols. [[George Wackenhut]] reportedly liked Frye and Wilson, but did not trust [[Michael Riconosciuto]] or Nichols.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Dodi Fayed]] was an Egyptian multi-millionaire film producer and the son of [[Samira Khashoggi Fayed]] and [[Mohammed Al-Fayed]]. He was romantically involved with [[Diana, Princess of Wales]]. The couple died in a car crash in a Paris underpass in the early hours of August 31, 1997.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ Eyles, then twenty-seven years old, was at the instrument laboratory at [[MIT]]
[[Edgar Mitchell]] on Antares copied down these critical keystrokes and entered them into the computer, allowing the mission to proceed despite the malfunction[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Donald A. Bejcek]] was a Secret Service agent, aged 29, who was killed in a head-on collision on March 5, 1983 (this became known as the [[Queen's Accident]]). The collision involved a Mariposa County Sheriff's vehicle driven by [[Roderick Sinclair]] and occurred while scouting Queen Elizabeth II's motorcade route in the Yosemite National Park foothills. [[George P. LaBarge]] and [[Donald Robinson]] were also killed in the accident.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Donald Carr]] was writing a biography of [[Elliot Richardson]]. He served with [[William Bradford Reynolds]] in the [[Edwin Meese]] and [[Richard Thornburgh]] [[United States Department of Justice|Justice Departments]] as a Republican political appointee. In 2005, Carr showed [[William Bradford Reynolds]] a document dated May 16, 1985, which Reynolds authenticated. This document advised that the [[PROMIS]] software was being provided to an Arab Sheik for resale and general distribution.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Donald Robinson]] was a Secret Service agent, aged 38, who was killed in a head-on collision on March 5, 1983 (this became known as the [[Queen's Accident]]). The collision involved a Mariposa County Sheriff's vehicle driven by [[Roderick Sinclair]] and occurred while scouting Queen Elizabeth II's motorcade route in the Yosemite National Park foothills. [[George P. LaBarge]] and [[Donald A. Bejcek]] were also killed in the accident.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
[[Shaula Brent]], a manager at B. Dalton Bookseller who had worked at Fremont Hospital when Sinclair was brought in, recounted that Sinclair had been receiving huge daily shots of Demerol, "enough to kill most men," by order of Dr. Arthur Dahlem. After the Queen's accident, all drugs were withdrawn from Sinclair, and employees could hear him suffering aloud for days from his hospital room.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ Fair met with [[Michael Riconosciuto]] and [[Robert Frye]] (Vice President of [[
[[Robert Booth Nichols]] also wrote a letter to [[Joseph F. Preloznik]] on April 13, 1983, recapitulating the same weapons proposal outlined by [[Dr. John Philip Nichols]] to Dr. Harry Fair. [[Robert Booth Nichols]] also mentioned Fair in a February 10, 1984, letter on [[Meridian Arms]] letterhead, referring to the [[Wackenhut Corporation]] visit to Picatinny Arsenal in May 1981 and Riconosciuto's demonstration of electrostatic heat transfer augmentation.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -25,6 +25,6 @@ Nichols was implicated in the [[Fred Alvarez]] triple murders. [[Peter Zokosky]]
[[Michael Riconosciuto]] claimed that Nichols' office was broken into to retrieve [[Phyllis Riconosciuto]]'s diary, which contained passwords for [[Tyme Shares]] online financial clearing house, used for accessing bank accounts. Riconosciuto also stated that Nichols and [[Peter Zokosky]] claimed that Riconosciuto was responsible for the torture and murder of [[Paul Morasca]], and that Riconosciuto had discussed torture techniques with Nichols prior to Morasca's death.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[E.B. Cartinhour]] was an [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] agent from Lexington, Kentucky. According to [[Ari Ben-Menashe]], Cartinhour was one of two [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] agents who had been en route to Martinsburg to meet [[Danny Casolaro]] as part of their investigation into the sale of the [[PROMIS]] software to [[Israel]] and other intelligence agencies. Ben-Menashe claimed that Cartinhour was disaffected because his superiors had refused to indict high [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] officials for their role in the [[October Surprise]]. Ben-Menashe further alleged that the agents were prepared to give Casolaro proof that the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] was illegally using [[PROMIS]] software.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ Brian was also alleged to have been involved in a scheme to raise off-the-books
Brian owned [[Hadron Company]] at the time of [[Michael Riconosciuto]]'s trial. During the trial, [[Peter Videnieks]] testified that he did not know Brian, despite being questioned about his familiarity with Hadron Company and its ownership. Videnieks was evasive about his knowledge of Brian's connection to Hadron.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
---
tags: ["Person", "Banker", "Government Official"]
tags:
- Person
- Banker
- Government Official
- BCCI
- Banking
- UK
- Bank of England
---
Eddie George was the Deputy Governor of the [[Bank of England]].[^1]
@ -9,7 +16,7 @@ George, along with Governor [[Robin Leigh-Pemberton]], was aware of the disastro
On June 28, 1991, George and Leigh-Pemberton decided to act, informing the [[Federal Reserve Bank]] of the impending seizure of BCCI in the [[United Kingdom]].[^5] This decision was influenced by the revelations in the Price Waterhouse audit and the certainty that [[Robert Morgenthau]] and the Fed would take action.[^6]
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 9.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 135.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Eddy Erdelatz]] was a former San Francisco Police inspector. In 2000, he provided a valuable lead about an obscure file, the "Paul Morasca Homicide Investigation File – Case No. 82-1052505," which had not been computerized and was essentially inaccessible without direct knowledge of its existence. Erdelatz had investigated suspected drug trafficking and money laundering in 1981, and then investigated [[Paul Morasca]]'s homicide in January 1982, placing a comprehensive report within the file relative to [[Philip Arthur Thompson]]'s suspected connections to the murder.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ Dewan's first Morse code message, "I can talk," took twenty-five seconds per let
His work laid the foundation for modern [[Brain-Computer Interface]] technology, which aims to enable soldiers to communicate by thought alone[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ Sciandra was mentioned in [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] wiretaps, whic
The intercept narration suggested that this stemmed from problems with the Northstar Graphics contract, and the [[La Cosa Nostra|LCN]] believed Sciandra was being irrational and should be "retired." If Sciandra threatened [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] executives, it would cause trouble for his nephew, [[Eugene Giaquinto]], who worked for [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]]. Sciandra was also reportedly trying to get a piece of Giaquinto's share of the [[Meyer Lansky|Lansky]] film.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -5,5 +5,5 @@
Both Giaquinto and [[Robert Booth Nichols]] were noted to have a close working relationship with the [[United States Department of Justice|Justice Department]], according to the wiretaps. Despite the evidence gathered, the wiretaps were subsequently sealed by the [[United States Department of Justice|DOJ]], and no prosecutions were pursued, leading to the disbandment of the Los Angeles Organized Crime Strike Force and the resignations of key investigators.[1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[1] Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Fidel Castro]] was the leader of [[Cuba]]. In 1960, the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] initiated a series of assassination attempts against him. These operations involved [[Robert Maheu]] as a "cut-out," who contacted organized-crime leaders [[Sam Giancana]], [[Johnny Rosselli]], and [[Santos Trafficante, Jr.]]. These individuals, in turn, enlisted the direct assistance of Cuban exiles in the assassination plots.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
His involvement with [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]] placed him among a group of influential individuals with ties to government and intelligence, including [[Robert Maheu]], [[Michael A. McManus]], [[Robert Booth Nichols]], and [[George K. Pender]].[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -3,5 +3,5 @@
Carlucci's connections extended into the intelligence community, with [[Harold Okimoto]] reportedly working under his auspices for years. Okimoto, a figure linked to the [[Yakuza]] and alleged to be a top Japanese organized crime figure, was also described as an intelligence person who performed services for the [[United States Government|U.S. government]] during [[World War II]].[1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
Alvarez had been chosen to manage the [[Cabazon Casino]] shortly before his murder. Reports related to the Alvarez triple-homicide, including those concerning "[[The Octopus]]", were later found in the "Paul Morasca Homicide Investigation File" in San Francisco, as the original Riverside files were missing.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Fred Ghanem]] was a figure with special knowledge of Lebanese communities in Detroit, Houston, and Los Angeles. His expertise led to a noticeable increase in [[Drug Enforcement Administration|DEA]]-controlled deliveries of heroin into the [[United States]]. He was identified as a relative (either a brother or cousin) of [[Maurice Ghanem]], who was involved with [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]] in [[Lebanon]], and was a senior [[Drug Enforcement Administration|DEA]] official working with [[Michael T. Hurley]].[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
---
---
created: 2025-03-05
updated: 2025-07-22
title: Frederick Atwater

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Gary Estep]] was a deputy in the Mariposa Sheriff's Department and part of the search party for [[Ron Van Meter]] after his alleged boating accident on Lake McClure.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[George Deukemejian]] was the Governor of [[California]]. He was named in a Writ of Mandamus filed by [[Ben Wagner]] for refusing to investigate corruption in Mariposa County.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -3,10 +3,11 @@ tags:
- Person
- Government
- Vice President
- President
- Politics
- USA
---
George H.W. Bush served as the Vice President under President [[Ronald Reagan]]. He was present at a meeting of Reagan's high command following the Israeli bombing of the Iraqi nuclear reactor at [[Osirak]] in June 1981, where he agreed that some sanctions against [[Israel]] were essential.[^1]
---
George H.W. Bush served as the Vice President under President [[Ronald Reagan]] and later as the 41st President of the United States. He was present at a meeting of Reagan's high command following the Israeli bombing of the Iraqi nuclear reactor at [[Osirak]] in June 1981, where he agreed that some sanctions against [[Israel]] were essential.[^1]
### Footnotes

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[George P. LaBarge]] was a Secret Service agent, aged 41, who was killed in a head-on collision on March 5, 1983 (this became known as the [[Queen's Accident]]). The collision involved a Mariposa County Sheriff's vehicle driven by [[Roderick Sinclair]] and occurred while scouting Queen Elizabeth II's motorcade route in the Yosemite National Park foothills. [[Donald Robinson]] and [[Donald A. Bejcek]] were also killed in the accident.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[George Vinson]] was the regional director of the Fresno [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]]. He was named in a Writ of Mandamus filed by [[Ben Wagner]] for refusing to investigate corruption in Mariposa County. [[Vivian L. Wagner]], Ben Wagner's wife, stated in a letter to President [[Ronald Reagan]] that her husband took two witnesses, [[Kay Ritter]] and [[Robert Ashmore]], to Vinson to present testimony, but Vinson failed to redress their grievances and did not return Ben Wagner's phone calls. It was understood through a reliable source that Vinson felt the complaints had "no substance."[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ Gerald Feinberg was a physics professor at [[Columbia University]]. He was worki
His work, along with that of [[Yakov Terletsky]], attracted the attention of [[Hal Puthoff]], who was interested in whether the tachyon flow could account for an "extra field" or force that physics couldn't yet see, potentially explaining [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and other anomalous mental phenomena[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Gerardo Catena]] was a chief lieutenant to the [[Genovese Crime Family]]. He owned almost 20 percent of the Murchison Oil Lease Company in Oklahoma.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
---
tags: ["Person", "Government Official", "BCCI"]
tags:
- Person
- Government Official
- BCCI
- Banking
- UAE
- Abu Dhabi
---
Ghanim Fan's al-Mazrui was the Head of [[Zayed bin Sultan AL-Nahayan|Sheikh Zayed]]'s Private Department and a [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]] board member.[^1] He was also the director general of His Highness's Private Department and a longtime director of BCCI, effectively running [[Abu Dhabi]] alongside Sheikh Zayed.[^2]
@ -11,7 +17,7 @@ He was also connected to [[William Casey]], the former [[Central Intelligence Ag
Al-Mazrui's involvement in the BCCI scandal was a matter of public knowledge, and his actions were closely scrutinized during the investigations into the bank's illicit activities.[^5]
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 10.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 92.

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@ -1,19 +1,24 @@
---
tags: ["Person", "Business", "Shipping", "BCCI"]
tags:
- Person
- Business
- Shipping
- BCCI
- Banking
- Pakistan
- UK
---
The Gokal brothers, [[Abbas Gokal]], [[Murtaza Gokal]], and [[Mustafa Gokal]], were [[Pakistan|Pakistani]] businessmen who ran the [[Gulf Group]], a [[London]]-based shipping company.[^1] They were closely associated with [[Agha Hasan Abedi]] and the [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]], and were believed to be BCCI's largest debtor.[^2]
The Gokal brothers, [[Abbas Gokal]], [[Murtaza Gokal]], and [[Mustafa Gokal]], were [[Pakistan|Pakistani]] businessmen who ran the [[Gulf Group]], a [[London]]-based shipping company.[^1] They were closely associated with [[Agha Hasan Abedi]] and the [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]], and were believed to be BCCI's largest debtor.[^1]
### Business Operations and BCCI Connections
The Gokal brothers used BCCI money to build their shipping empire, chartering more ships in one year than [[China]] and [[India]] combined during their heyday.[^3] Their loans from BCCI topped out at $831 million in 1990 and were never repaid, contributing significantly to BCCI's financial problems.[^4]
The Gokal brothers used BCCI money to build their shipping empire, chartering more ships in one year than [[China]] and [[India]] combined during their heyday.[^2] Their loans from BCCI topped out at $831 million in 1990 and were never repaid, contributing significantly to BCCI's financial problems.[^2]
[[Mustafa Gokal]] was named Pakistan's minister for shipping, a position facilitated by Abedi, highlighting the intertwined relationship between BCCI and the Pakistani government.[^5] The Gokal brothers were also used by BCCI as a front for various transactions, including an attempt to acquire Chelsea National Bank in [[New York]] in 1975.[^6]
[[Mustafa Gokal]] was named Pakistan's minister for shipping, a position facilitated by Abedi, highlighting the intertwined relationship between BCCI and the Pakistani government.[^3] The Gokal brothers were also used by BCCI as a front for various transactions, including an attempt to acquire Chelsea National Bank in [[New York]] in 1975.[^4]
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 9.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 9.
[^3]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 139.
[^4]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 140.
[^5]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 315.
[^6]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 11.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, pp. 139-140.
[^3]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 315.
[^4]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 11.

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@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
Wilcher was working daily for Russbacher and wanted to ask [[Janet Reno]], the new [[United States Attorney General|Attorney General]], to grant immunity from prosecution to Russbacher so that he might testify to the [[United States Government|government]] about activities inside the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]].[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ On July 24, phone conversations took place in which Azoff, [[Sal Pisello]], and
On July 12, Bacow asked Giaquinto if Azoff had something on [[Sidney Sheinberg]]. Giaquinto replied that it had been "bandied about" and he would know more when other documents came in. This was interpreted in the intercept as Giaquinto obtaining confidential government information from some government agency personnel in Washington D.C.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -6,13 +6,11 @@ tags:
- Scientist
- Engineer
---
# Itzhak Bentov
Itzhak Bentov was an Israeli rocket scientist, biomedical engineer, and author known for his work on "the mechanics of consciousness." He designed [[Israel]]'s first rocket for the War of Independence and invented the steerable cardiac catheter, which paved the way for many biomedical engineering inventions[^1].
In the fall of 1970, Bentov attended a conference in Rye, New York, titled "Exploring the Energy Fields of Man," where he spoke of a twenty-three-year-old Israeli man with extraordinary powers of [[Psychokinesis|psychokinesis]] and [[Telepathy|mental telepathy]]. During a demonstration at Israel's University of Technology, this man, [[Uri Geller]], had reportedly stopped and started broken watches, moved the needle on a stationary compass, and bent metal by thought alone[^1].
Bentov's lecture intrigued [[Andrija Puharich]], who was also present at the conference. Puharich, seeking to find a psychic who could be tested under laboratory conditions to secure a government research contract, asked Bentov for more information about Geller. This introduction ultimately led to Puharich bringing Geller to the United States for testing by the [[CIA]] at [[Stanford Research Institute]] (SRI)[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ Jack Anderson (1922–2005) was a Pulitzer Prize-winning American investigative
Anderson brought Lieutenant Colonel [[John B. Alexander]]'s article, "The New Mental Battlefield: Beam Me Up, Spock," to national attention by writing about it in his column under the heading "Voodoo Warriors of the Pentagon." In his column, Anderson surmised that the generals at the [[Pentagon]] were "dabbling in the dark arts," using Ouija boards and the evil eye, and studying programs "a Haitian witch doctor might try." The wire services picked up the story, and it went national, causing a stir within the military establishment[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -1,32 +1,40 @@
---
tags: ["Person", "Investigator", "Lawyer", "Government", "BCCI"]
tags:
- Person
- Investigator
- Lawyer
- Government
- BCCI
- Senate
- Intelligence
- USA
---
Jack Blum is a former Senate investigator and chief counsel to Senator [[John Kerry]]'s Subcommittee on Terrorism, Narcotics, and International Operations. He is widely recognized for his tireless efforts in exposing the [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]] scandal.[^1]
Jack Blum is a former Senate investigator and chief counsel to [[Senator John Kerry]]'s Subcommittee on Terrorism, Narcotics, and International Operations, widely recognized for his pivotal role in exposing the [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]] scandal. Described as a crusader and a moralist, Blum was known for his unwavering pursuit of truth, even when it meant challenging powerful institutions and individuals.[^1]
### Early Career and Government Service
### Early Career and Senate Investigations
Blum arrived in [[Washington, D.C.]] in 1965, after graduating from Columbia Law School. He began his career as an investigator for Senator Phil Hart's antitrust subcommittee.[^2] His work caught the attention of Senator J. W. Fulbright, who moved him to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. By the mid-1970s, Blum had established himself as a permanent fixture in Washington, serving as counsel to Senator Frank Church's subcommittee on multinational corporations.[^3]
Blum began his career in Washington in 1965 after graduating from Columbia Law School, working as an investigator for Senator [[Phil Hart]]'s antitrust subcommittee. His work gained the attention of Senator [[J. W. Fulbright]], who moved him to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. By the mid-1970s, Blum had established himself as a counsel to Senator [[Frank Church]]'s subcommittee on multinational corporations.[^1]
His investigations into the Lockheed payoff scandals led to significant political repercussions, including the toppling of a Japanese government, the imprisonment of Japanese Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka, and the abdication of the Queen of the Netherlands.[^4] He was a driving force behind the creation of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. Blum's questioning of former [[CIA]] Director [[Richard Helms]] in a closed-door session led to Helms's indictment for perjury.[^5]
His investigations during this period were far-reaching, contributing to the downfall of a Japanese government and the imprisonment of Japanese Prime Minister [[Kakuei Tanaka]] due to the [[Lockheed payoff scandals]]. He also played a key role in exposing [[ITT]]'s improper activities in [[Chile]], identifying [[Robert Vesco]] and the $3-billion global [[IOS (Investors' Overseas Services)|Ponzi scheme]] as central figures, and was a driving force behind the creation of the [[Foreign Corrupt Practices Act]]. Notably, his questioning led to the indictment of former [[CIA]] Director [[Richard Helms]] for perjury.[^1]
In 1976, Blum entered private practice, where he remained for ten years. He re-entered the public sector in 1986 as special counsel to Senator John Kerry's subcommittee, where he spearheaded probes into drug trafficking.[^6]
After a decade in private practice starting in 1976, Blum re-entered the public sector in 1986 as special counsel to Senator John Kerry's subcommittee. Here, he spearheaded probes into drug trafficking and produced a report accusing the [[Reagan administration]] of interfering with the "war on drugs" to protect clandestine support for the [[Contras]].[^1]
### Role in the BCCI Investigation
### Uncovering the BCCI Scandal
Blum became deeply involved in the BCCI investigation after learning that the bank was at the epicenter of [[Manuel Noriega]]'s financial dealings.[^7] He pushed for a serious investigation into BCCI, but his efforts were initially brushed aside, leading him to believe there was a high-level cover-up.[^8]
Blum's interest in BCCI intensified in spring 1988 during Kerry's hearings on drug trafficking, which veered into [[Manuel Noriega]]. He discovered that BCCI was at the epicenter of Noriega's financial operations. Despite a Miami BCCI branch being busted for money laundering, Blum believed the plea bargain was a "very big fix" and that BCCI was a "global criminal empire" on the verge of collapse.[^1]
He was a crucial source for journalists [[Jonathan Beaty]] and [[S. C. Gwynne]], providing them with critical information and insights into BCCI's global criminal empire. Blum revealed that BCCI secretly owned [[First American Bank]] and that [[Clark Clifford]] and [[Robert Altman]] had lied to U.S. banking regulators about this ownership.[^9] He also brought the BCCI case to the attention of Manhattan District Attorney [[Robert Morgenthau]], who then launched his own investigation.[^10]
He left the Kerry subcommittee after his proposal for a serious investigation into BCCI was dismissed, and his contract was not renewed. Blum believed a high-level cover-up was in place after Customs stumbled upon BCCI's money-laundering operations. He learned from a BCCI executive, "Witness A," that the bank was designed to hide illicit financial transactions for high-net-worth criminal clients, including drug cartels, and that BCCI secretly owned [[First American Bank]] and other U.S. banks.[^1]
## Footnotes
Frustrated by federal inaction, Blum approached Manhattan District Attorney [[Robert Morgenthau]] in March 1989, presenting the BCCI scandal as "the biggest bank fraud in the history of the world." He provided information from a tape-recorded debriefing of a former BCCI officer, [[Ali Mirza]], who detailed efforts to influence the Senate subcommittee, bribery of the Georgia legislature, and BCCI's secret ownership of American banks. Blum also brought "Witness A" for a similar taping.[^1]
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 8.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 23.
[^3]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 23.
[^4]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 23.
[^5]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 23.
[^6]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 24.
[^7]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 25.
[^8]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 26.
[^9]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 30.
[^10]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 32.
[^11]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 21.
Blum's persistence helped prompt the [[Federal Reserve Board]] to investigate BCCI, leading to the bank's global seizure in July 1991. He consistently argued that BCCI was not merely a bank but a "global criminal empire" with deep ties to intelligence agencies and illicit activities.[^1]
### Key Beliefs and Contributions
Blum's office wall famously bore the aphorism: "Never wrestle a pig. You both get dirty, and the pig likes it." He believed that BCCI was using figures like [[Clark Clifford]] and [[Robert Altman]] as "ultra-respectable-looking front men" for its American operations.[^1] He also highlighted the involvement of [[Bert Lance]] and [[Jimmy Carter]] with BCCI, noting Abedi's financial contributions to Carter's charitable foundation and presidential library.[^1]
Blum's efforts to expose the truth about BCCI were met with resistance and attempts to discredit him, with some "top people" calling him a "loose cannon."[^1] Despite these challenges, his work was instrumental in bringing the BCCI scandal to public attention and pushing for investigations into its far-reaching criminal enterprise.
### Footnotes
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. _The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI_. New York: Random House, 1993.

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@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ tags:
- Spy
- Author
---
# Jacques Bergier
Jacques Bergier was a journalist, former French resistance spy, and author with strong ties to the intelligence community and an interest in the supernatural. He is known for bringing secret government [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] programs to public attention[^1].
In December 1959, Bergier published an article in the French magazine *Constellation* titled "Thought Transfer, Weapon of War." The article reported that ESP tests had been conducted aboard the [[USS Nautilus]], the world's first nuclear-powered submarine, in 1958. The purpose of the experiment was to determine if long-distance telepathic communication could be achieved through barriers like thousands of miles of seawater, thick polar ice, and the metal walls of a submarine[^1].
@ -23,5 +21,5 @@ Whether Bergier's story was true or fabricated remains a debate, but it had real
* "Thought Transfer, Weapon of War" (*Constellation*, 1959)
* *Morning of the Magicians* (co-authored with Louis Pauwels)
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
---
tags: ["Person", "Politician", "BCCI"]
tags:
- Person
- Politician
- BCCI
- Banking
- Prime Minister
- UK
---
James Callaghan, also known as Lord Callaghan, was a former [[Great Britain|British]] prime minister who served as a paid economic adviser to the [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]].[^1] His association with BCCI was part of [[Agha Hasan Abedi]]'s strategy to cultivate relationships with influential figures and enhance the bank's image.
@ -9,10 +15,9 @@ Callaghan had a distinguished political career in the [[United Kingdom]], culmin
### Role with BCCI
Callaghan's role as an economic adviser to BCCI provided the bank with a veneer of legitimacy and access to political networks. He was part of Abedi's global public relations efforts, which included using prominent figures to promote BCCI's image as a philanthropic institution dedicated to the Third World.[^2] He accompanied Abedi on visits to countries like [[Zambia]], where they presented themselves as champions of development and charity.[^3]
Callaghan's role as an economic adviser to BCCI provided the bank with a veneer of legitimacy and access to political networks. He accompanied Abedi on visits to various countries, such as [[Zambia]], where they engaged in carefully stage-managed acts of philanthropy. For instance, in Zambia, Callaghan was present when Abedi announced a crucial loan and donated money to a charitable trust, actions that significantly boosted Abedi's reputation as a champion of the Third World. These joint appearances with Abedi in countries like Zambia, [[Kenya]], [[Ghana]], [[Pakistan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[China]], [[Thailand]], and the [[Soviet Union]] served to further BCCI's business development and image as a philanthropic institution.[^2]
## Footnotes
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 9.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 228.
[^3]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 227.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, pp. 227-228.

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@ -1,24 +1,29 @@
---
tags: ["Person", "Lawyer", "Investigator", "BCCI"]
tags:
- Person
- Lawyer
- Investigator
- BCCI
- Banking
- USA
- Florida
---
James Dougherty was a Florida lawyer for [[Lloyd's of London]] who investigated [[Munther Ismael Bilheisi]] and the [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]].[^1] He was known for his zealous pursuit of cases and his comprehensive database on BCCI activities.
### Investigations and Discoveries
Dougherty's investigation into Bilheisi's business activities began after Bilheisi made false claims against Lloyd's of London.[^2] He uncovered Bilheisi's formidable smuggling operation, which was facilitated by BCCI through financing and falsified documents.[^3] Dougherty also discovered BCCI's involvement in illegal arms deals, including a helicopter deal in Guatemala.[^4]
Dougherty's investigation into Bilheisi's business activities began after Bilheisi made false claims against Lloyd's of London.[^2] He uncovered Bilheisi's formidable smuggling operation, which was facilitated by BCCI through financing and falsified documents.[^2] Dougherty also discovered BCCI's involvement in illegal arms deals, including a helicopter deal in Guatemala.[^2]
He made repeated attempts to engage U.S. law enforcement agencies, including the Justice Department, in investigating BCCI's broader criminal activities, but faced resistance and lack of cooperation.[^5] Dougherty's efforts were instrumental in bringing to light the extent of BCCI's illicit operations and its connections to various individuals and entities.
He made repeated attempts to engage U.S. law enforcement agencies, including the Justice Department, in investigating BCCI's broader criminal activities, but faced resistance and lack of cooperation.[^3] Dougherty's efforts were instrumental in bringing to light the extent of BCCI's illicit operations and its connections to various individuals and entities.
### Legal Proceedings
Dougherty's work led to the indictment of Munther Bilheisi for tax evasion and corruption in Guatemala.[^6] He also provided information to journalists [[Jonathan Beaty]] and [[S. C. Gwynne]], contributing to their investigative reporting on the BCCI scandal.[^7]
Dougherty's work led to the indictment of Munther Bilheisi for tax evasion and corruption in Guatemala.[^4] He also provided information to journalists [[Jonathan Beaty]] and [[S. C. Gwynne]], contributing to their investigative reporting on the BCCI scandal.[^5]
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 9.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 240.
[^3]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 240.
[^4]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 240.
[^5]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 376.
[^6]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 242.
[^7]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 100.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, pp. 240-241.
[^3]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 376.
[^4]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 242.
[^5]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 100.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[James H. Critchfield]] was a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] officer who developed contacts with [[Adnan Khashoggi]], an international arms merchant and factotum for the House of Saud.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -22,5 +22,5 @@ After 42 days in captivity, Dozier was rescued on January 28, 1982, by ten men f
Despite the remote viewers' involvement, Dozier later stated that he finally figured out where he was being held by listening to voices and realizing that groceries were being sold. He called psychic functioning "pure nonsense"[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[James V. Desarno, Jr.]] was an Assistant Special Agent in Charge from the D.C. Metropolitan Office of the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]]. He was present at [[Paul Wilcher]]'s apartment after Wilcher's death. Desarno, along with [[Craig Olson]], was one of two [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] agents present at the scene. Despite his presence, Desarno strongly denied that the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] was interested in or involved in the case, repeatedly stating, "We are not interested in this case."[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ White revealed that the original [[California Highway Patrol|CHP]] report on the
Before his resignation, White quietly filed the transcripts of the trial and an affidavit listing the "hallucinatory" drugs Sinclair had used prior to the accident with [[Stephan LaPalm]] of the [[United States Attorney|U.S. Attorney]]'s office in Sacramento.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ Jeannie Betters was the unit secretary for the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA
In one notable session concerning the fugitive [[Charles Frank Jordan]], Betters recorded the exchange between [[Fern Gauvin]], the operations manager, and Dellafiora. When Dellafiora stated Jordan was in "Lowell, Wyoming," and Gauvin questioned if she meant Lowell, Massachusetts, Betters interjected, "She said Wyoming, Fern," confirming Dellafiora's specific location[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Jerry Brown]] was the [[California Attorney General]]. He is mentioned in the context of the dismissal of the murder charges against [[Jimmy Hughes]]. [[Rachel Begley]] questioned how Brown could support the release of Hughes and criticized [[Mike Murphy]]'s handling of the case, implying that Brown, as Attorney General, was ultimately responsible for the actions of his staff.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ Goldberg's article mentioned the "[[Queen's Accident]]" and threats received by
Goldberg reportedly disappeared the day after [[Ben Wagner]]'s meeting with "Chuck" from the [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] [[White House]], leaving his law practice and home, never to be seen again.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -20,42 +20,34 @@ In March 1979, President Carter made the decision to provide [[Israel]] with acc
### VELA Satellite Incident
On September 22, 1979, a [[VELA Satellite]] recorded two distinctive bright flashes of light over the South Indian Ocean, probable evidence of a nuclear explosion. This event, suspected to be a joint Israeli-South African nuclear test, created a horrible dilemma for President Carter, just months before the 1980 presidential campaign. Carter, who had emphasized nonproliferation, faced criticism for hypocrisy if he did not act, but political repercussions if he sought sanctions against [[Israel]] and [[South Africa]].[^3]
On September 22, 1979, a [[VELA Satellite]] recorded two distinctive bright flashes of light over the South Indian Ocean, probable evidence of a nuclear explosion. This event, suspected to be a joint Israeli-South African nuclear test, created a horrible dilemma for President Carter, just months before the 1980 presidential campaign. Carter, who had emphasized nonproliferation, faced criticism for hypocrisy if he did not act, but political repercussions if he sought sanctions against [[Israel]] and [[South Africa]].[^1]
### Psychic Research Programs
His presidency coincided with the early years of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, the U.S. government's secret psychic research effort. President Carter was reportedly aware of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, with Congressman [[Charlie Rose]] even discussing it with him. However, his administration's stance on the program was complex. While some officials, like [[William Perry]], sought to cut its funding, the program managed to continue.[^4]
His presidency coincided with the early years of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, the U.S. government's secret psychic research effort. President Carter was reportedly aware of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, with Congressman [[Charlie Rose]] even discussing it with him. However, his administration's stance on the program was complex. While some officials, like [[William Perry]], sought to cut its funding, the program managed to continue.[^3]
### Iran Hostage Crisis
The [[Iran Hostage Crisis]] (1979-1981) was a major challenge during his presidency. Remote viewers were extensively tasked by the [[United States Department of Defense|Pentagon]] and [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] to gather intelligence on the hostages' whereabouts and conditions, though the administration's handling of the crisis, including the failed rescue attempt, ultimately led to the hostages' release on the day Carter's presidency ended.[^5]
The [[Iran Hostage Crisis]] (1979-1981) was a major challenge during his presidency. Remote viewers were extensively tasked by the [[United States Department of Defense|Pentagon]] and [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] to gather intelligence on the hostages' whereabouts and conditions, though the administration's handling of the crisis, including the failed rescue attempt, ultimately led to the hostages' release on the day Carter's presidency ended.[^3]
### Latin American Policy
During his presidency, Carter's human rights foreign policy in [[Latin America]] reportedly distanced the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] under [[Stansfield Turner]] from any death-squad interdiction. His administration was also reportedly reluctant to pursue certain figures involved in the drug trade, such as General Torrijos of [[Panama]], due to ongoing negotiations for the [[Panama Canal]] treaty.[^6]
During his presidency, Carter's human rights foreign policy in [[Latin America]] reportedly distanced the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] under [[Stansfield Turner]] from any death-squad interdiction. His administration was also reportedly reluctant to pursue certain figures involved in the drug trade, such as General Torrijos of [[Panama]], due to ongoing negotiations for the [[Panama Canal]] treaty.[^4]
### Connections to BCCI
Jimmy Carter accepted millions from [[Agha Hasan Abedi]] and [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]] for charitable organizations.[^7] In August 1982, [[Bert Lance]] introduced Abedi to Carter.[^8] Abedi's National Bank of Georgia was the largest single lender to the Carter family's peanut farm in Plains, Georgia.[^9]
Jimmy Carter accepted millions from [[Agha Hasan Abedi]] and [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]] for charitable organizations.[^5] In August 1982, [[Bert Lance]] introduced Abedi to Carter.[^6] Abedi's [[National Bank of Georgia]] was the largest single lender to the Carter family's peanut farm in Plains, Georgia.[^7]
In the early 1980s, Abedi donated $500,000 to help establish the [[Carter Center]] at Emory University in Atlanta and contributed millions to Carter's Global 2000 Foundation, founded in 1985 for Third World healthcare.[^10] BCCI provided $8.1 million to Carter during the 1980s, and Abedi arranged an additional $2.5 million from [[Zayed bin Sultan AL-Nahayan|Sheikh Zayed]] through the [[Abu Dhabi Investment Authority]].[^11] Carter also utilized BCCI's jet for his travels and Global 2000 Foundation used office space at BCCI's London headquarters.[^12]
In the early 1980s, Abedi donated $500,000 to help establish the [[Carter Center]] at Emory University in Atlanta and contributed millions to Carter's Global 2000 Foundation, founded in 1985 for Third World healthcare.[^7] BCCI provided $8.1 million to Carter during the 1980s, and Abedi arranged an additional $2.5 million from [[Zayed bin Sultan AL-Nahayan|Sheikh Zayed]] through the [[Abu Dhabi Investment Authority]].[^7] Carter also utilized BCCI's jet for his travels and Global 2000 Foundation used office space at BCCI's London headquarters.[^7]
Carter and his second wife, Rosalynn, became friends with Abedi and his wife, Rabia, and spent holidays together in Switzerland. Carter introduced Abedi to acquaintances like [[James Callaghan]].[^13] Abedi's joint appearances with Carter in various countries, including [[Kenya]], [[Ghana]], [[Pakistan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[China]], [[Thailand]], and the [[Soviet Union]], served as key targets for BCCI's business development.[^14] Carter continued to accept at least $1.5 million from BCCI even after the bank was indicted and convicted in Florida.[^15]
Carter and his second wife, Rosalynn, became friends with Abedi and his wife, Rabia, and spent holidays together in Switzerland. Carter introduced Abedi to acquaintances like [[James Callaghan]].[^7] Abedi's joint appearances with Carter in various countries, including [[Kenya]], [[Ghana]], [[Pakistan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[China]], [[Thailand]], and the [[Soviet Union]], served as key targets for BCCI's business development.[^7] Carter continued to accept at least $1.5 million from BCCI even after the bank was indicted and convicted in Florida.[^7]
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991, Chapter 20.
[^2]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991, Chapter 1.
[^3]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991, Chapter 20.
[^4]: Schnabel, Jim. *Remote Viewers*. Dell, 1997.
[^5]: Schnabel, Jim. *Remote Viewers*. Dell, 1997.
[^6]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.
[^7]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 9.
[^8]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 12.
[^9]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 228.
[^10]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 228.
[^11]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 228.
[^12]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 228.
[^13]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 228.
[^14]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 229.
[^15]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 229.
[^3]: Schnabel, Jim. *Remote Viewers*. Dell, 1997.
[^4]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.
[^5]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 9.
[^6]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 12.
[^7]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, pp. 228-229.

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@ -23,5 +23,5 @@ After retiring from the military, Alexander joined [[PSI Tech]]'s corporate boar
## Publications
* "The New Mental Battlefield: Beam Me Up, Spock" (*Military Review*, 1980)
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
Belton also made a statement regarding the trip to [[Canada]] by [[Dr. John Philip Nichols]] and [[Peter Zokosky]] in which they were involved in the purchase of [[Valleyfield Chemical Corporation]] in [[Canada]] in May 1981. Belton claimed that [[Dr. John Philip Nichols]] "used people in [[Canada]] to make sure he had an alibi when the Alvarez people were murdered on Bob Hope Drive."[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ John Berberich was a Division Chief at the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]].
Berberich's decision to appoint Graff to this leadership role indicated a shift in the program's management, aiming for a more operationally effective approach. In May 1991, Berberich, along with Graff and three remote viewers (including [[Angela Dellafiora]]), traveled to [[England]], [[Germany]], and [[Israel]] as part of an annual intelligence exchange, further highlighting his involvement in the program's international engagements[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ In early 1992, Cohen began communicating closely with [[Federal Bureau of Invest
Cohen's investigation, like others into the [[PROMIS Software Scandal]], was reportedly shut down when it began to uncover high-level organized crime, drug, and money laundering connections.[1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[1] Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
[[Pam MacLean]], a reporter for the *San Francisco Daily Journal*, spent thousands of dollars to get the Di Giorgio file unsealed. The unsealed documents revealed that the [[United States Government|U.S. government]] was looking for an alleged $13 million in laundered drug funds believed to be in [[Switzerland]], [[Germany]], and [[Israel]]. The methamphetamine precursors supplied to [[Ben Kalka]] were reportedly part of a "reverse sting" operation headed by [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] agent [[Robert Barnes]].[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
[[John Gotti]] was a prominent figure associated with the [[Gambino Crime Family]]. He reportedly enjoyed a special relationship with [[Eugene Giaquinto]], then president of [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] home entertainment division, as indicated by [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] wiretaps during the investigation into alleged organized crime penetration of [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]].[1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[1] Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[John Paul Vukasin, Jr.]] was a [[United States District Court|U.S. District Court]] Judge. He was a long-time associate and political ally of [[Edwin Meese III]]. [[Calvin Robinson]] filed a "Pro Per" affidavit requesting that Judge Vukasin be recused from his case, believing that Vukasin was appointed to the district court bench as a "damage control agent" for Meese and the [[United States Department of Justice|U.S. Department of Justice]].[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Joseph Coors]] was a prominent right-wing activist and a member of FGBMFI (Full Gospel Business Men's Fellowship International). He was associated with the [[Heritage Foundation]].[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ Casolaro confided to friends that he was unnerved by this supposedly chance meet
[[Bill Hamilton]], president of [[INSLAW]], stated that he had received an affidavit from [[Bill Turner]] on "highly classified computer printouts on off-shore accounts that he claimed Casolaro intended to use the night he died in a planned meeting with [[Peter Videnieks]] and [[Joseph Cuellar]] and others."[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Joseph Garofalo]] was an individual whose name appeared in an [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] wiretap affidavit in support of an application to intercept wire communications. He was among those to be intercepted in connection with the investigation into alleged organized crime influence in the entertainment industry, particularly involving [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]].[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[[Joseph R. (Mike) Benitez]] was the former [[Cabazon Tribal Council]] Chairman. On January 28, 1985, he wrote a two-page letter to President [[Ronald Reagan]], requesting an investigation of the [[Cabazon Casino]] and the [[Indio Bingo Palace]]. Benitez stated that "non-Indian investors" had not provided them with financial statements for four years and withheld information from the tribal members. He also noted that tribal members had been assessed taxes by the [[Internal Revenue Service|IRS]] on income of $270,000 each, but they never received any of this money.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
---
tags: ["Person", "Intelligence", "Saudi Arabia", "BCCI"]
tags:
- Person
- Intelligence
- Saudi Arabia
- BCCI
- Banking
- Finance
- CIA
---
Kamal Adham was the former head of [[Saudi Arabian intelligence]] and brother-in-law of the late [[King Faisal]]. He was a significant shareholder in [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]] and [[First American Bank]]. Adham was a shrewd and jovial figure who straddled the worlds of Middle Eastern business and politics for decades. He was considered one of the true inside power players of the Middle East.[^1]
@ -23,7 +30,7 @@ Abedi met Adham in the early 1970s through [[Sheikh Zayed]]. Adham became a key
Adham publicly asserted that [[Pakistan]] possessed an atomic bomb and that Abedi and BCCI had financially supported its development. He viewed this as an achievement for the Third World, challenging Western powers' control over nuclear technology.[^11]
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 197.
[^2]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 199.
@ -35,4 +42,4 @@ Adham publicly asserted that [[Pakistan]] possessed an atomic bomb and that Abed
[^8]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 203.
[^9]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 198.
[^10]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 197.
[^11]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 310.
[^11]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 310.

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@ -5,13 +5,11 @@ tags:
- Person
- Astrologer
---
# Karl Krafft
Karl Krafft was a Swiss astrologer known for his influence on high-ranking Nazi officials. He is particularly noted for constructing star charts that allegedly influenced [[Rudolf Hess]]'s decision to undertake his rogue flight to Scotland in May 1941. Hess, the Deputy Führer of [[Nazi Germany]], reportedly chose this date based on astrological advice, as the star chart allegedly indicated that the six planets were in Taurus and the moon would be full[^1].
Following Hess's flight, [[Adolf Hitler]] declared Hess legally insane and responded with "[[Special Action Hess]]", a mass arrest of more than 600 astrologers, fortune-tellers, clairvoyants, faith healers, and other German practitioners of the supernatural or occult. Krafft was among those ensnared in this crackdown[^1]. [[Wilhelm Wulff]], another astrologer who became [[Heinrich Himmler]]'s personal astrologer, noted that a decree was issued making it illegal to "predict future events, the divination of the present or the past, and all other forms of revelation not based on natural processes of perception"[^1].
Despite the official suppression, the Nazi head of foreign intelligence, [[Walter Schellenberg]], made an important point to [[Wilhelm Wulff]] about the power of mystical belief systems, stating they were "a suitable vehicle for the propagation of political concepts and for the political control of a nation"[^1]. This suggests that while publicly condemned, such practices were understood for their potential manipulative power, a manipulation also seen in the Allied use of [[10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Louis de Wohl]] during [[World War II]][^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ tags:
- Physicist
- Engineer
---
# Kenneth A. Kress
Kenneth A. Kress was a physicist, engineer, and analyst with the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]. He is considered by some to be the "father of America's remote-viewing program" as he was responsible for giving [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] its first [[Psi]] research contract in 1972[^1]. Kress, then a young, dark-haired engineer, was instrumental in bringing [[Hal Puthoff]] and [[Ingo Swann]] into the [[CIA]]'s orbit for psychic research[^1].
Kress was the lead analyst assigned to the operation involving [[Pat Price]]'s [[Remote Viewing]] of [[URDF-3]], a highly classified [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] research and development facility in [[Kazakhstan]][^1]. In July 1974, after Price remotely viewed URDF-3, Kress compared Price's descriptions to classified satellite imagery. He found that reconnaissance photographs confirmed the presence of rails for railroad cars and a huge crane, as described by Price. However, some details, like the spheres Price mentioned, were not locatable, which agitated the [[CIA]][^1].
@ -25,5 +23,5 @@ He also worked closely with [[Norm Everheart]], encouraging him to explore how r
At Kress's suggestion, the [[CIA]] contracted with an outside scientist to evaluate the psychic research program, who concluded that "a large body of reliable experimental evidence points to the inescapable conclusion that [[Extrasensory Perception|extrasensory perception]] does exist as a real phenomenon, albeit characterized by rarity and lack of reliability"[^1].
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.

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@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ Coleman also stated that the [[Drug Enforcement Administration|DEA]]'s objective
Coleman found the reassignment of [[Michael T. Hurley]], the [[Drug Enforcement Administration|DEA]] Country Attache for [[Cyprus]], to a [[Drug Enforcement Administration|DEA]] intelligence position in Washington State prior to [[Michael Riconosciuto]]'s arrest suspicious. He believed Hurley's reassignment was intended to "manufacture a case" against Riconosciuto to prevent him from becoming a credible witness about the [[United States Government|U.S. Government]]'s covert sale of the [[PROMIS]] software to foreign governments.[^1]
---
## Footnotes
### Footnotes
[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.

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