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20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Battelle Memorial Institute.md
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@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ relations:
role: "institute created under the will of the Columbus industrialist Gordon Battelle"
fn: 1
created: 2026-10-03
updated: 2026-10-03
updated: 2026-10-15
---
The Battelle Memorial Institute is a nonprofit contract research organization at 505 King Avenue, [[Columbus, Ohio]], next to [[Ohio State University]], created under the will of the Columbus steel heir [[Gordon Battelle]]. The will was drawn in 1920, Gordon Battelle died in 1923, and the institute was incorporated as a nonprofit in 1925; its first laboratory opened in October 1929 with a staff of about thirty and its first director was the metallurgist [[Horace W. Gillett]].[^1] [[Clyde E. Williams]] replaced Gillett in 1934 and resolved to make the institute's services more readily available to industry; in 1943 Battelle technologists began studying the fabrication of uranium for the [[Manhattan Project]].[^1] In the early 1950s the institute bought a large tract of land near Columbus and built the world's first privately owned nuclear research center, with a research reactor, a critical assembly facility and hot cells.[^1] The inventor [[Chester Carlson]] approached the institute in 1944, and through its subsidiary [[Battelle Development Corporation]] the institute agreed to help refine his dry copying process; a later relationship with the [[Haloid Company]] (afterward [[Xerox Corporation]]) ended in the early 1960s with an exchange of xerography patents for equity that by the early 1970s gave Battelle an investment portfolio valued above $225 million.[^1]
@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ The report is catalogued as Study No. 102-EL-55/2-79, Project No. 10073, dated M
### Project White Stork
The arrangement outlasted Blue Book's early years. A memorandum of October 11, 1960 from the Chief of the Intelligence Production Faculty of the CIA's [[CIA Intelligence School|Intelligence School]], in the Agency's [[CIA CREST Reading Room|CREST]] collection with the marking "USAF Declass/Release Instructions On File," reports a visit by a staff member (name withheld) to "the Air Force's Project White Stork (PWS) at Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio." It states that White Stork "has assumed increasing importance to OSI analysts because it is able to provide considerably more assistance for many scientific and technical intelligence research tasks than any other repository in the Intelligence Community"; that information specialists with science degrees mark documents, answer reference queries and maintain a card file keyed to underlined "clue terms" including "personalities, institutes, and place names"; that the Agency's [[Office of Scientific Intelligence]] was "considering providing funds to PWS"; and that at that time White Stork "concentrates on subjects of interest to the Air Force's Aerospace Technical Intelligence Center at Wright-Patterson Field, Dayton."[^7] A [[Department of State|State Department]] memorandum of November 10, 1964 to the [[Foreign Area Research Coordination Group]] lists a second Battelle unit, the [[Remote Areas Conflict Information Center]] in Columbus, among research and analysis centers serving the military.[^8]
The arrangement outlasted Blue Book's early years. A memorandum of October 11, 1960 from the Chief of the Intelligence Production Faculty of the CIA's [[CIA Intelligence School|Intelligence School]], in the Agency's [[CIA CREST Reading Room|CREST]] collection with the marking "USAF Declass/Release Instructions On File," reports a visit by a staff member (name withheld) to "the Air Force's Project White Stork (PWS) at Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, Ohio." It states that White Stork "has assumed increasing importance to OSI analysts because it is able to provide considerably more assistance for many scientific and technical Intelligence research projects than any other repository in the Intelligence Community"; that information specialists with science degrees mark documents, answer reference queries and maintain a card file keyed to underlined "clue terms" including "personalities, institutes, and place names"; that the Agency's [[Office of Scientific Intelligence]] was "considering providing funds to PWS"; and that at that time White Stork "concentrates on subjects of interest to the Air Force's Aerospace Technical Intelligence Center at Wright-Patterson Field, Dayton."[^7] A [[Department of State|State Department]] memorandum of November 10, 1964 to the [[Foreign Area Research Coordination Group]] lists a second Battelle unit, the [[Remote Areas Conflict Information Center]] in Columbus, among research and analysis centers serving the military.[^8]
### Atomic Energy Commission and national laboratory work