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summary: "Cecile Beernaert, grandmother of witness Regina Louf (X1), operated a brothel at a hotel-villa in Knokke-Heist, Belgium, during World War II, catering to Nazi officers stationed in the area."
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---
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Cecile Beernaert, grandmother of witness [[Regina Louf]] (X1), operated a brothel at a hotel-villa in Knokke-Heist, Belgium, during World War II, catering to Nazi officers stationed in the area. Widowed after the war, Beernaert continued running establishments in the region, including a house at Golfpad 4, 8300 Knokke, tucked behind Elizabetlaan 83, on the northwestern boundary of the [[Royal Zoute Golf Club]]. Louf claimed Beernaert prostituted her from age two at these locations, using the properties for sexual exploitation of young girls provided to clients including politicians and businessmen. Beernaert, known as Madame Cecile, managed the girls with threats of violence, including beatings with a metal ruler and gun pointed at temples for non-compliance. The brothel operated from the 1970s, with Louf describing two rooms: one for mutual acts between children, the other for quick encounters where men undressed minimally. Beernaert filmed some sessions and used a basement studio for pornography production, distributing materials through networks linked to [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]]. Louf's testimony in the [[X-Dossier]] identified the site as a venue for elite abusers, with clients arriving from the golf club.[^1]
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Cecile Beernaert, grandmother of witness [[Regina Louf]] (X1), operated a brothel at a hotel-villa in Knokke-Heist, Belgium, during World War II, catering to Nazi officers stationed in the area. Widowed after the war, Beernaert continued running establishments in the region, including a house in Knokke on the northwestern boundary of the [[Royal Zoute Golf Club]]. Louf claimed Beernaert prostituted her from age two at these locations, using the properties for sexual exploitation of young girls provided to clients including politicians and businessmen. Beernaert, known as Madame Cecile, managed the girls with threats of violence, including beatings with a metal ruler and gun pointed at temples for non-compliance. The brothel operated from the 1970s, with Louf describing two rooms: one for mutual acts between children, the other for quick encounters where men undressed minimally. Beernaert filmed some sessions and used a basement studio for pornography production, distributing materials through networks linked to [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]]. Louf's testimony in the [[X-Dossier]] identified the site as a venue for elite abusers, with clients arriving from the golf club.[^1]
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Beernaert's operations involved grooming Louf and other children, including friend [[Chantal Storme]], forcing them into sexual acts with each other and clients. Louf stated Beernaert consoled them post-abuse but enforced participation with physical punishment. The house at Golfpad 4 served as a primary location, with Beernaert controlling access and ensuring silence. Louf recalled being branded and forced into acts with dogs during this period. Beernaert's husband, a former police commissioner in Knokke-Heist, provided cover, allowing the brothel to function near the Royal Zoute Golf Club, patronized by nobles and elites including the [[Count Leopold Lippens]] family, who owned the club through Count Maurice Auguste Lippens. Beernaert's activities extended to the 1980s, where Louf was sold to pimp [[Tony Van den Boggaert]] around age 12, transitioning her to Nihoul's parties.[^1]
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Beernaert's operations involved grooming Louf and other children, including a friend of Louf, forcing them into sexual acts with each other and clients. Louf stated Beernaert consoled them post-abuse but enforced participation with physical punishment. The house served as a primary location, with Beernaert controlling access and ensuring silence. Louf recalled being branded and forced into acts with dogs during this period. Beernaert's husband, a former police commissioner in Knokke-Heist, provided cover, allowing the brothel to function near the Royal Zoute Golf Club, patronized by nobles and elites including the [[Count Leopold Lippens]] family, who owned the club through Count Maurice Auguste Lippens. Beernaert's activities extended to the 1980s. The writer S. Dovey wrote that Louf said that around the age of twelve she was handed to a pimp, [[Tony Van den Boggaert|Tony Van den Bogaert]], who took her to Nihoul's parties.[^1] *The Observer* reported in 2002 that Louf's parents had told police that a family friend of that name, in his forties, had a key to their home and unlimited access to their twelve-year-old daughter, and that he had himself admitted his relationship with Louf to police.[^2]
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Beernaert's establishment catered to high-profile clients, with Louf identifying [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]] and Lippens as visitors. The brothel's proximity to the golf club facilitated access for these figures. Louf described rooms equipped for abuse, with Beernaert directing girls to specific areas for oral sex, anal penetration, and other acts, often under duress. She stated Beernaert participated in consoling after sessions but initiated threats if clients were refused. The basement studio contained cameras for recording, linking to Nihoul's blackmail operations where videos captured elite participants. Beernaert's role as a madam involved selecting and preparing girls, ensuring they met client demands at the Knokke location and related venues in the area.[^1]
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### Role in Exploitation
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Beernaert raised Louf for prostitution, starting with acts at age two, forcing her into oral and anal sex with men, filmed for sale. Louf recalled mutual sexual acts with other children in one room, while the "quick pleasures" room hosted individual encounters. Beernaert enforced compliance by hitting fingers with an iron ruler and threatening with a revolver. She hosted clients at the villa, using the property's isolation near the golf club for discretion. Louf described Beernaert's dual nature, consoling after abuses while enforcing participation. The brothel operated with her husband's knowledge, leveraging his police position in Knokke-Heist. Louf's testimony detailed branding and dog involvement, with the basement used for filming violent content. Beernaert's establishment supplied girls to Nihoul's circuit, with Louf leased to parties at chateaus in the Ardennes and Brussels mansions.[^1]
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Louf claimed Beernaert's WW2-era brothel catered to Nazi officers, continuing post-war with political elites. The Golfpad 4 house featured a basement studio with cleaning products to remove blood spots, used for snuff films per X-Dossier notes. Beernaert's operation included a contact with her grandmother, tying into family involvement. Chantal Storme confirmed in 1997 testimony being taken to the house with Louf, forced into acts, beaten with a ruler, and threatened with a gun. Storme described Beernaert watching to ensure obedience during client encounters. The brothel's location near the golf club provided access for attendees like Vanden Boeynants, with Louf identifying the property in 1996 interviews.[^1]
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Louf claimed Beernaert's WW2-era brothel catered to Nazi officers, continuing post-war with political elites. The house featured a basement studio with cleaning products to remove blood spots, used for snuff films per X-Dossier notes. Beernaert's operation included a contact with her grandmother, tying into family involvement. A friend of Louf confirmed in 1997 testimony being taken to the house with Louf, forced into acts, beaten with a ruler, and threatened with a gun. The friend described Beernaert watching to ensure obedience during client encounters. The brothel's location near the golf club provided access for attendees like Vanden Boeynants, with Louf identifying the property in 1996 interviews.[^1]
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### Connections
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Beernaert connected to the network through her husband's police role and clients from the golf club, including Lippens family members. Louf's accounts placed her brothel at the center of early exploitation, supplying to Nihoul's parties where Louf met [[Michelle Martin]]. The X-Dossier verified the address and layout, with investigators noting the basement's smell of Detol cleaner. Beernaert died in 1997 before testifying, amid the probe's progression under Connerotte and [[Michel Bourlet]]. Her establishment linked to [[CRIES]] and [[UNICEF]] operations through shared networks, with Dumont representing related figures. No direct charges against Beernaert emerged due to her death, but her role was central to X-witness claims of elite access.[^1]
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Beernaert's death left her properties unraided initially, though the X-Dossier detailed her brothel's operations. Louf's testimony implicated her in violence against children, with Storme confirming mutual acts and threats. The brothel's proximity to Royal Zoute, owned by Count Maurice Lippens, tied it to elite circles. Beernaert's legacy in the investigation stemmed from Louf's descriptions, verified by property records and witness corroboration. Her involvement ended with her 1997 death, leaving the Knokke site as a key location in X-Dossier maps.[^1]
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Beernaert's death left her properties unraided initially, though the X-Dossier detailed her brothel's operations. Louf's testimony implicated her in violence against children, with the friend confirming mutual acts and threats. The brothel's proximity to Royal Zoute, owned by Count Maurice Lippens, tied it to elite circles. Beernaert's legacy in the investigation stemmed from Louf's descriptions, verified by property records and witness corroboration. Her involvement ended with her 1997 death, leaving the Knokke site as a key location in X-Dossier maps.[^1]
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### Footnotes
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[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). Eye of the Chickenhawk. United States: Thehotstar.
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[^2]: Frenkiel, Olenka. "Belgium's silent heart of darkness." *The Observer,* May 5, 2002. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2002/may/05/dutroux.featuresreview
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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---
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created: 2026-05-15
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updated: 2026-09-21
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updated: 2026-10-09
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title: Ed Dames
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aliases:
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- Ed Dames
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@ -26,13 +26,15 @@ Ed Dames was a [[U.S. Army]] Major who served as training and operations officer
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Dames joined the remote viewing unit in the early 1980s and was trained in [[Coordinate Remote Viewing]] by [[Ingo Swann]]. As training and operations officer, he was responsible for maintaining the unit's methodological standards and coordinating the deployment of viewers for operational tasking from the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] and other government clients.
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His personality was described by contemporaries as forceful and controlling, with an intensity that generated friction within the small unit. Jim Schnabel's account of the program characterizes Dames as someone who took the unit's work extremely seriously and who bridged the analytical and the operational within the structure while maintaining a strong personal commitment to the reality of remote viewing phenomena.[^1]
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His personality was described by contemporaries as forceful and controlling, with an intensity that generated friction within the small unit. [[Jim Schnabel]]'s account of the program characterizes Dames as someone who took the unit's work extremely seriously and who bridged the analytical and the operational within the structure while maintaining a strong personal commitment to the reality of remote viewing phenomena.[^1]
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The [[Center Lane]] project manager's record of a meeting with General [[Albert Stubblebine]] on November 30, 1983, reads: "We identified CPT Edward Dames as a perspective CENTER LANE member. He agreed to a future assignment to the project and to participate in the training. Major Laing had concurred in the training and CPT Dames involvement in CENTER LANE. Major General Stubblebine commented that Dames was a good choice."[^2]
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The Center Lane access roster of April 10, 1984 lists Edward Dames of INSCOM with a level 3 access dated August 25, 1983.[^3]
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### PSI Tech and Public Career
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After leaving the Army, Dames founded PSI Tech, a commercial remote viewing company, in 1989 - before STAR GATE's 1995 declassification. PSI Tech offered training and contracted remote viewing services to corporate and private clients, capitalizing on former government program personnel credentials at a time when the program's existence was not yet officially acknowledged.
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After leaving the Army, Dames founded PSI Tech, a commercial remote viewing company, in 1989 - before STAR GATE's 1995 declassification. PSI Tech offered training and contracted remote viewing services to corporate and private clients, capitalizing on former government program personnel credentials at a time when the program's existence was not yet officially acknowledged. Schnabel reported in 1995 that Dames "left the unit in 1989, and formed a company, Psi Tech, to make commercial use of his remote-viewing skills," and that the company offered "a private remote-viewing service, as well as training courses for people who want to become remote-viewers themselves."[^4]
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When STAR GATE was declassified in 1995, Dames became one of the first former unit personnel to appear publicly on television, including a 1995 appearance on the *Nightline* program that brought the remote viewing story to a mainstream audience. His media presence subsequently expanded through radio appearances, particularly on Art Bell's *Coast to Coast AM* program, where he made a series of predictions about catastrophic events including mass solar coronal mass ejections that he claimed would kill most of humanity.
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@ -41,4 +43,6 @@ The contrast between Dames's specific, confident, and typically non-materializin
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### Footnotes
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[^1]: Schnabel, Jim. *Remote Viewers: The Secret History of America's Psychic Spies.* Dell, 1997. Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis.* Little, Brown and Company, 2017.
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[^2]: Jachim, Robert J., memorandum "Briefing for MG A.N. Stubblebine III," October 8, 1982, CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220022-7; Buzby, Brian, memoranda "CENTER LANE Briefing for CG, USAINSCOM," August 29, 1983 (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220011-9), "Meeting With MG Stubblebine on 30 November 1983," December 6, 1983 (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220010-0), and "Meeting with MG Stubblebine on 6 January 1984," January 17, 1984 (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220009-2); letter of the ACSI to Stubblebine, "CENTER LANE," April 1983 (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220002-9). Read in the archive.org mirror of the CIA FOIA Reading Room STARGATE collection.
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[^2]: Jachim, Robert J., memorandum "Briefing for MG A.N. Stubblebine III," October 8, 1982, CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220022-7; Buzby, Brian, memoranda "CENTER LANE Briefing for CG, USAINSCOM," August 29, 1983 (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220011-9), "Meeting With MG Stubblebine on 30 November 1983," December 6, 1983 (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220010-0), and "Meeting with MG Stubblebine on 6 January 1984," January 17, 1984 (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220009-2); letter of the ACSI to Stubblebine, "CENTER LANE," April 1983 (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220002-9).
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[^3]: "Active CENTER LANE Access Roster," April 10, 1984, CIA-RDP96-00788R001200330003-1. cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP96-00788R001200330003-1.pdf.
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[^4]: Jim Schnabel, "Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Psi," *Independent on Sunday*, August 27, 1995, The Sunday Review, pp. 10-13, CIA-RDP96-00791R000100030073-5. cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP96-00791R000100030073-5.pdf.
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@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ relations:
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role: "administrative secretary to the founder of the Parapsychology Foundation"
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start: 1953
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end: 1965
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fn: 2
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fn: 4
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---
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@ -24,11 +24,15 @@ Eileen Garrett was an Irish medium who was well-known in New York City parapsych
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Garrett's psychic abilities were tested in a [[Faraday cage]] using Zener cards. According to Puharich, her ESP scores were significantly higher inside the cage, which suggested that electronic shielding had a positive impact on psychic functioning.[^1]
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[[Martin Ebon]] was administrative secretary of the [[Parapsychology Foundation]], which Garrett founded, from 1953 to 1965 according to the Skeptical Inquirer's biography of him; another biography dates the post from 1954.[^2] Ebon's masthead roles at the magazine Tomorrow are documented: volume 4 (1956) lists Garrett as editor-publisher, Ebon as managing editor, Lenore Davison as assistant to the publisher and Lester Buckland as circulation and business manager, Garrett Publications, 500 Fifth Avenue; volume 9 (1961) lists Phoebe Moss as associate editor and Gorham Munson as consulting editor, with Ebon identified as managing editor of Tomorrow and administrative secretary of the Parapsychology Foundation.[^3] Ebon is listed among participants (U.S.A.) at the Foundation's First International Conference of Parapsychological Studies, Utrecht, July 1953, with Miss I. Jephson, Dr. Henry Margenau and Dr. Louis Mars.[^3] The New School Archives hold an "Eileen J. Garrett Scholarship, 1975" file regarding a scholarship to take a New School course in parapsychology.[^4]
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Puharich testified in 1968 that Garrett, inside the treated cage, produced results he gave as a probability against chance of 5.5 times ten to the minus seventh. A control subject placed outside the cage scored at chance expectation (probability .64) in the same series, and in a run with the cage uncharged her own score was at the .28 level.[^2] Puharich also testified that Garrett was one of nine principal subjects he used at the Round Table Foundation.[^3]
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[[Martin Ebon]] was administrative secretary of the [[Parapsychology Foundation]], which Garrett founded, from 1953 to 1965 according to the Skeptical Inquirer's biography of him; another biography dates the post from 1954.[^4] Ebon's masthead roles at the magazine Tomorrow are documented: volume 4 (1956) lists Garrett as editor-publisher, Ebon as managing editor, Lenore Davison as assistant to the publisher and Lester Buckland as circulation and business manager, Garrett Publications, 500 Fifth Avenue; volume 9 (1961) lists Phoebe Moss as associate editor and Gorham Munson as consulting editor, with Ebon identified as managing editor of Tomorrow and administrative secretary of the Parapsychology Foundation.[^5] Ebon is listed among participants (U.S.A.) at the Foundation's First International Conference of Parapsychological Studies, Utrecht, July 1953, with Miss I. Jephson, Dr. Henry Margenau and Dr. Louis Mars.[^5] The New School Archives hold an "Eileen J. Garrett Scholarship, 1975" file regarding a scholarship to take a New School course in parapsychology.[^6]
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### Footnotes
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[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.
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[^2]: Skeptical Inquirer, "Martin Ebon," author biography (administrative secretary of the Parapsychology Foundation, 1953 to 1965). https://skepticalinquirer.org/authors/martin-ebon/
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[^3]: Tomorrow, vol. 4 (1956), p. 122, https://books.google.com/books?id=OHUPAQAAIAAJ ; vol. 9 (1961), https://books.google.com/books?id=8HAPAQAAIAAJ
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[^4]: New School Archives and Special Collections, Adult Division Office of the Dean records (NS-02-01-01), Series 5, Box 7, Folder 43, "Eileen J. Garrett Scholarship, 1975." https://findingaids.archives.newschool.edu/repositories/3
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[^2]: Transcript of Record, Puharich v. Brenner, No. 22286 (D.C. Cir.), testimony of Henry K. Puharich on cross-examination, Appx. 73a-74a. https://archive.org/details/dc_circ_1968_22286_henry_k_puharich_v_edward_j_brenner
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[^3]: Transcript of Record, Puharich v. Brenner, Appx. 66a-67a. https://archive.org/details/dc_circ_1968_22286_henry_k_puharich_v_edward_j_brenner
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[^4]: Skeptical Inquirer, "Martin Ebon," author biography (administrative secretary of the Parapsychology Foundation, 1953 to 1965). https://skepticalinquirer.org/authors/martin-ebon/
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[^5]: Tomorrow, vol. 4 (1956), p. 122, https://books.google.com/books?id=OHUPAQAAIAAJ ; vol. 9 (1961), https://books.google.com/books?id=8HAPAQAAIAAJ
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[^6]: New School Archives and Special Collections, Adult Division Office of the Dean records (NS-02-01-01), Series 5, Box 7, Folder 43, "Eileen J. Garrett Scholarship, 1975." https://findingaids.archives.newschool.edu/repositories/3
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---
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created: 2026-05-17
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updated: 2026-09-21
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updated: 2026-10-09
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title: Frederick Atwater
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aliases:
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- Frederick Atwater
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@ -32,7 +32,9 @@ Atwater joined the U.S. Army and completed officer candidate school and military
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Atwater discovered files left by a predecessor suggesting that remote viewing might constitute a security vulnerability - if Soviet remote viewers could perceive U.S. classified installations, the Army needed to understand the threat. He proposed to Colonel [[Robert Keenan]], head of SED, that a small team of Army intelligence personnel be screened and assembled to test remote viewing from the inside. The proposal was approved by Major General [[Edmund Thompson]], the Army's assistant chief of staff for intelligence.
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Atwater and commanding officer Major [[Murray Watt]] visited SRI to learn how to screen candidates for remote viewing ability. They identified artistic talent, visual-spatial intelligence, and creativity as associated markers and recruited six initial Army personnel: [[Joe McMoneagle]], [[Mel Riley]], Ken Bell, Nancy Stern, Fernand Gauvin, and Hartleigh Trent. The program launched under the code name Gondola Wish as an experimental part-time unit.
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Atwater and commanding officer Major [[Murray Watt]] visited SRI to learn how to screen candidates for remote viewing ability. They identified artistic talent, visual-spatial intelligence, and creativity as associated markers and recruited six initial Army personnel: [[Joe McMoneagle]], [[Mel Riley]], Ken Bell, Nancy Stern, Fernand Gauvin, and Hartleigh Trent. The six were selected under the Army's [[Grill Flame]] program, an experimental part-time unit, in late 1978 and early 1979; the chronology states "Of the 251 personnel considered for GRILL FLAME, 117 were interviewed and six individuals were actually selected for training," and records the six INSCOM personnel beginning training at SRI in April 1979.[^1] The code name [[Gondola Wish]] belonged to an earlier plan of the 902d Military Intelligence Group to train three personnel at the Monroe Institute.[^2]
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As a second lieutenant in the 902d Military Intelligence Group's CI Studies Section, Atwater signed memoranda of May 18 and July 31, 1978 as project officer of the group's Gondola Wish plan to train personnel at the Monroe Institute, which the Army staff cancelled on September 25, 1978.[^2][^3] On February 21, 1979 he was named as Watt's alternate on the Grill Flame committee roster.[^4]
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### Operations Officer
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@ -50,12 +52,16 @@ He published a memoir, *Captain of My Ship, Master of My Soul: Living with Guida
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### The Documents
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Frederick H. Atwater, known as Skip, was a lieutenant in the Special Security Detachment of the 902d Military Intelligence Group at Fort Meade when INSCOM began its remote-viewing project in October 1978. The project manager, Major Murray Watt, reported in February 1979 that "the initial concern of the Project Manager (PM) was to develop a full understanding of parapsychology and the various aspects of the phenomena. Towards this end, the PM has been greatly assisted by Lieutenant Frederick H. Atwater. LT Atwater, although assigned to the Special Security Detachment, 902d MI Group, was attached to the GRILL FLAME project because of previous research into this area during work on a separate project." Watt and Atwater "were busy preparing a method that would help them select the INSCOM personnel who would volunteer for participation," considering 251 and interviewing 117, and on January 12, 1979, the two visited the [[Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity]] at [[Aberdeen Proving Ground]], which was running its own tests of the SRI protocol.[^1]
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Frederick H. Atwater, known as Skip, was a lieutenant in the Special Security Detachment of the 902d Military Intelligence Group at Fort Meade when INSCOM began its remote-viewing project in October 1978. The project manager, Major Murray Watt, reported in February 1979 that "the initial concern of the Project Manager (PM) was to develop a full understanding of parapsychology and the various aspects of the phenomena. Towards this end, the PM has been greatly assisted by Lieutenant Frederick H. Atwater. LT Atwater, although assigned to the Special Security Detachment, 902d MI Group, was attached to the GRILL FLAME project because of previous research into this area during work on a separate project." Watt and Atwater "were busy preparing a method that would help them select the INSCOM personnel who would volunteer for participation," considering 251 and interviewing 117, and on January 12, 1979, the two visited the [[Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity]] at [[Aberdeen Proving Ground]], which was running its own tests of the SRI protocol.[^5]
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He remained the unit's operations officer through Grill Flame and [[Center Lane]]. INSCOM's chronology records, under a date read as July 7 or August 1983, "CPT Frederick Atwater assumes duties as Acting Project Manager," between Lieutenant Colonel Robert Jachim's departure and Lieutenant Colonel Brian Buzby's arrival on August 15. Published accounts by participants credit him with recruiting the first six viewers, among them Joe McMoneagle and Mel Riley, and with the unit's training in [[Robert Monroe]]'s Hemi-Sync method, which the Center Lane briefing dates to the end of 1980. After retiring from the Army in 1988 he became research director of the Monroe Institute's laboratory and, in 2006, its president, and was a founder and president of the International Remote Viewing Association.[^1][^2][^3]
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He remained the unit's operations officer through Grill Flame and [[Center Lane]]. INSCOM's chronology records, under July 7, 1983, "CPT Frederick Atwater assumes duties as Acting Project Manager," and under August 15, 1983, that Lieutenant Colonel Brian Buzby assumed duties as project manager.[^1] Published accounts by participants credit him with recruiting the first six viewers, among them Joe McMoneagle and Mel Riley, and with the unit's training in [[Robert Monroe]]'s Hemi-Sync method, which the Center Lane briefing dates to the end of 1980. After retiring from the Army in 1988 he became research director of the Monroe Institute's laboratory and, in 2006, its president, and was a founder and president of the International Remote Viewing Association.[^5][^6][^7]
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### Footnotes
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[^1]: US Army Intelligence and Security Command, "INSCOM Project Grill Flame: Progress Report #1," February 21, 1979, with enclosures, CIA-RDP96-00788R001100070001-3. Read in the archive.org mirror of the CIA FOIA Reading Room STARGATE collection.
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[^2]: US Army Intelligence and Security Command, "List of Events from September 1977 to January 1986," CIA-RDP96-00788R001100020001-8. Read in the archive.org mirror of the CIA FOIA Reading Room STARGATE collection. US Army Intelligence and Security Command, "Briefing - Project Center Lane," c. 1984, CIA-RDP96-00789R002100180002-8. Read in the archive.org mirror of the CIA FOIA Reading Room STARGATE collection.
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[^3]: Monroe Institute and International Remote Viewing Association biographical notices, and Atwater, F. Holmes. *Captain of My Ship, Master of My Soul.* Hampton Roads, 2001; McMoneagle, Joseph. *The Stargate Chronicles.* Hampton Roads, 2002.
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[^1]: US Army Intelligence and Security Command, "List of Events from September 1977 to January 1986," CIA-RDP96-00788R001100020001-8 and the attachment to CIA-RDP96-00788R001500180001-7, cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP96-00788R001500180001-7.pdf.
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[^2]: 902d Military Intelligence Group, memorandum for Chief, OPSEC Support Division, "GONDOLA WISH (U)," May 18, 1978, signed Frederick H. Atwater, 2LT, MI, CI Studies Section, CIA-RDP96-00788R002000160007-7, cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP96-00788R002000160007-7.pdf.
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[^3]: 902d Military Intelligence Group, "Attendance at Scientific Seminar in Support of GONDOLA WISH (U)," July 31, 1978, signed Frederick H. Atwater, Project Officer, CIA-RDP96-00788R002000160013-0, cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP96-00788R002000160013-0.pdf.
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[^4]: Memorandum for record, "Minutes of the Grill Flame Committee Meeting, 14 Feb 79," with the representatives roster as enclosure 1, CIA-RDP96-00788R002000130002-5, cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP96-00788R002000130002-5.pdf.
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[^5]: US Army Intelligence and Security Command, "INSCOM Project Grill Flame: Progress Report #1," February 21, 1979, with enclosures, CIA-RDP96-00788R001100070001-3. Read in the archive.org mirror of the CIA FOIA Reading Room STARGATE collection.
|
||||
[^6]: US Army Intelligence and Security Command, "List of Events from September 1977 to January 1986," CIA-RDP96-00788R001100020001-8. Read in the archive.org mirror of the CIA FOIA Reading Room STARGATE collection. US Army Intelligence and Security Command, "Briefing - Project Center Lane," c. 1984, CIA-RDP96-00789R002100180002-8. Read in the archive.org mirror of the CIA FOIA Reading Room STARGATE collection.
|
||||
[^7]: Monroe Institute and International Remote Viewing Association biographical notices, and Atwater, F. Holmes. *Captain of My Ship, Master of My Soul.* Hampton Roads, 2001; McMoneagle, Joseph. *The Stargate Chronicles.* Hampton Roads, 2002.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -5,14 +5,24 @@ tags:
|
|||
- Nuclear
|
||||
- Physicist
|
||||
- Israel
|
||||
summary: "American physicist and Los Alamos director (1970-1979) who served on the Nuclear Intelligence Panel and criticized suppression of the VELA Satellite findings."
|
||||
summary: "American physicist and Los Alamos director (1970-1979) who reviewed the Vela data in October 1979 and, in Hersh's account, served on the Nuclear Intelligence Panel."
|
||||
born: 1921-03-28
|
||||
died: 2013-09-29
|
||||
location: "Denver, Colorado"
|
||||
relations:
|
||||
- type: investigated
|
||||
with: "[[VELA Satellite]]"
|
||||
role: "member of the outside panel review of the Vela data"
|
||||
start: 1979-10-10
|
||||
end: 1979-10-10
|
||||
fn: 1
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Harold M. Agnew was an American physicist and director of the [[Los Alamos]] laboratory from 1970 to 1979. He was a member of the Nuclear Intelligence Panel (NIP), a highly classified nuclear intelligence group in the U.S. government. Agnew and other NIP members were dismayed by the extent of [[White House]] interference in the investigation of the 1979 [[VELA Satellite]] sighting, which they concluded was a low-yield nuclear weapon detonation. Agnew famously stated, "If it looks like a duck, it's got to be a duck," in reference to the event, but noted that this was "not an answer [[Jimmy Carter|Carter]] liked."[^1]
|
||||
Harold M. Agnew was an American physicist and director of the [[Los Alamos]] laboratory from 1970 to 1979. On October 10, 1979, Ross E. Cowey of the State Department's Office of Intelligence and Research summarized the judgments of three scientists, working under the auspices of an outside panel convened to consider the event: Agnew, [[Richard Garwin]] and [[Stephen Lukasik]] (William Burr and Avner Cohen describe the review as CIA-sponsored). They concluded that the signals "were consistent with detection of a nuclear explosion in the atmosphere," and noted that the 1.5 to 2 kiloton yield was probably lower than the design yield. On October 18 Garwin wrote to Agnew and Lukasik that he would "bet 2 to 1 in favor of the hypothesis."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
[[Seymour Hersh]] wrote that Agnew was a member of the Nuclear Intelligence Panel (NIP), a highly classified nuclear intelligence group in the U.S. government, and that Agnew and other NIP members were dismayed by the extent of [[White House]] interference in the investigation of the 1979 [[VELA Satellite]] sighting, which they concluded was a low-yield nuclear weapon detonation. Hersh quoted Agnew as stating, "If it looks like a duck, it's got to be a duck," in reference to the event, but noting that this was "not an answer [[Jimmy Carter|Carter]] liked."[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991. Chapter 20.
|
||||
[^1]: Cowey, Ross E., memorandum for the files, October 10, 1979, Secret. Document 10 in Burr, William, and Avner Cohen, "The Vela Incident: South Atlantic Mystery Flash in September 1979 Raised Questions about Nuclear Test," National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 570, December 6, 2016. https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/nuclear-vault/2016-12-06/vela-incident-south-atlantic-mystery-flash-september-1979-raised-questions-about-nuclear-test
|
||||
[^2]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991. Chapter 20.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,19 +1,167 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
aliases:
|
||||
- Jack Anderson
|
||||
- Jack Anderson
|
||||
category: "Authors & Journalists"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- Military
|
||||
summary: "Jack Anderson (1922–2005) was a Pulitzer Prize-winning American investigative journalist and syndicated columnist for *The Washington Post*."
|
||||
- Journalist
|
||||
- SyndicatedColumnist
|
||||
- InvestigativeJournalism
|
||||
- WashingtonMerryGoRound
|
||||
- Watergate
|
||||
- PsiResearch
|
||||
- GrillFlame
|
||||
- ITT
|
||||
- Iran-Contra
|
||||
summary: "Jack Anderson (1922–2005) was a Pulitzer Prize-winning American investigative journalist and syndicated columnist who inherited the Washington Merry-Go-Round column from Drew Pearson in 1969."
|
||||
born: 1922-10-19
|
||||
died: 2005-12-17
|
||||
location: "Long Beach, California"
|
||||
created: 2026-10-09
|
||||
updated: 2026-10-09
|
||||
relations:
|
||||
- type: employed_by
|
||||
with: "[[Drew Pearson]]"
|
||||
role: "legman on the Washington Merry-Go-Round column, later co-columnist and successor"
|
||||
start: 1947
|
||||
end: 1969
|
||||
fn: 1
|
||||
- type: partner_of
|
||||
with: "[[Douglas Cohn]]"
|
||||
role: "writing partner on the column"
|
||||
start: 1999
|
||||
end: 2001
|
||||
fn: 1
|
||||
- type: investigated
|
||||
with: "[[CIA Office of Security]]"
|
||||
reverse: true
|
||||
role: "CELOTEX II surveillance of Anderson and his assistants from an observation post in the Statler Hilton"
|
||||
start: 1972-02-15
|
||||
end: 1972-04-12
|
||||
fn: 11
|
||||
- type: investigated
|
||||
with: "[[Federal Bureau of Investigation]]"
|
||||
reverse: true
|
||||
role: "sought to review Anderson's papers for classified material; a letter of November 30, 2006 from the Acting Associate Attorney General stated the FBI was not seeking to reclaim any documents"
|
||||
start: 2006
|
||||
end: 2006-11-30
|
||||
fn: 28
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Jack Anderson (1922–2005) was a [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning American investigative journalist and syndicated columnist for *[[The Washington Post]]*. He was known for his muckraking style and his ability to uncover classified government information[^1].
|
||||
Jack Anderson (1922–2005) was an American investigative journalist and syndicated columnist. He went to work in 1947 as a legman for [[Drew Pearson]] and inherited the Washington Merry-Go-Round column when Pearson died in 1969.[^1][^2]
|
||||
|
||||
Anderson brought Lieutenant Colonel [[John B. Alexander]]'s article, "The New Mental Battlefield: Beam Me Up, Spock," to national attention by writing about it in his column under the heading "Voodoo Warriors of the Pentagon." In his column, Anderson surmised that the generals at the [[Pentagon]] were "dabbling in the dark arts," using Ouija boards and the evil eye, and studying programs "a Haitian witch doctor might try." The wire services picked up the story, and it went national, causing a stir within the military establishment[^1].
|
||||
### Early career
|
||||
|
||||
Anderson was born in [[Long Beach, California]], on October 19, 1922.[^3] He was raised in the Salt Lake City area. At twelve he edited the Boy Scout page of the [[Deseret News]] and soon took a job with the [[Murray Eagle]] in Murray, Utah, paying $7 a week. After high school he joined the staff of the [[Salt Lake Tribune]], and on December 7, 1941 he became a Mormon missionary in the South.[^1] Two years later he enrolled in a [[Merchant Marine]] officer-training school. He then persuaded the Deseret News to accredit him as a foreign correspondent in China. He reached a base run by the [[Office of Strategic Services]] and was sent to contact a band of Chinese Nationalist guerrillas.[^1] He was inducted into the Army in 1945 and served with the [[United States Army Quartermaster Corps]] until 1947, working on service newspapers and [[Armed Forces Radio]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Pearson and the column
|
||||
|
||||
Anderson applied to work for Drew Pearson, who had been exposing government corruption for more than a decade, and was hired immediately in 1947.[^1] For years his work ran under Pearson's name. In 1957 he threatened to quit, and Pearson promised him more bylines and pledged to leave him the column. Anderson received a shared byline in 1965. Pearson died in 1969 and left the column to him. Anderson split its proceeds with Pearson's widow, and the obituary places his pay at about $15,000 in 1969.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
On July 7, 1958 the Associated Press reported from Washington that a microphone had been found in a hotel room occupied by a member of the staff of the Boston textile manufacturer [[Bernard Goldfine]], whose gifts to Eisenhower's chief of staff [[Sherman Adams]] were then before a House subcommittee. The wire described Anderson, "a legman for columnist Drew Pearson," as the man found in the adjoining room with Baron Shacklette, an investigator for the subcommittee.[^4]
|
||||
|
||||
On March 22, 1968 the FBI sent [[William C. Sullivan]] a memorandum on the "Espionage - X" implications of Anderson's [[The Washington Post|Washington Post]] column of March 20, 1968, which reported a planned U.S. request that [[Chiang Kai-shek]] withdraw troops from Quemoy and Matsu. The memorandum reported "extreme concern" among Defense Department officials and the Chinese Nationalist Embassy, recorded the Defense judgment that the column was "generally accurate" and drew "almost verbatim" on two Secret documents, and stated that some Defense officials believed the documents had been leaked by an officer of the military assistance group in Taiwan.[^5] The FBI's public records repository holds eleven parts of Anderson material, described as old and newly released documents about Anderson, his writings on the FBI, and his use of leaked material of national security concern.[^6]
|
||||
|
||||
At its height the column ran in about 1,000 newspapers, which the obituary puts at 45 million daily readers.[^1] In 1967 the Pulitzer nominating jury recommended his columns on the misuse of campaign donations by Senator [[Thomas Dodd]], and the Pulitzer advisory board rejected that choice.[^1] The obituary records that Anderson admitted giving covert aid to [[Joseph McCarthy]] early in McCarthy's anti-Communist campaign, and that he had wrongly charged [[Donald Rumsfeld]] with lavishly decorating his office while cutting expenses on programs of the [[Office of Economic Opportunity]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Retirement and other work
|
||||
|
||||
Anderson unofficially retired in 2001, when [[Douglas Cohn]], his writing partner since 1999, and [[Eleanor Clift]] took over the column. The column ended on July 30, 2004, when [[United Feature Syndicate]] announced its end.[^1] He had been diagnosed with [[Parkinson's disease]] in 1986.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
Anderson also broadcast a syndicated radio show, appeared for years on ABC's [[Good Morning America]], hosted a television program called Truth in which public figures were tested on a lie detector, and served as Washington bureau chief of [[Parade (magazine)|Parade]]. He wrote more than a dozen books and several subscription newsletters.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Pulitzer Prize and ITT
|
||||
|
||||
In 1972 Anderson won the [[Pulitzer Prize]] for National Reporting, for his reporting of American policy decision-making during the Indo-Pakistan War of 1971; the award listed him as a syndicated columnist.[^7] In 1983 he told the Washington Post: "I have to do daily what Woodward and Bernstein did once."[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
The obituary links Anderson's reporting to the ITT-Dita Beard affair, in which the settlement of an antitrust suit against [[ITT Corporation]] was tied to a $400,000 pledge to underwrite the 1972 Republican convention.[^1] The Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities recorded in its final report that Anderson reported on February 29, 1972 the existence of the Dita Beard memorandum, alleging that a $400,000 contribution to the Nixon campaign was tied to a favorable Justice Department ruling on ITT's antitrust problems. The report states that the White House response included an investigation in which [[Howard Hunt]] and personnel from some government agencies were used to investigate individuals related to the publication of the memo.[^8]
|
||||
|
||||
### Nixon White House
|
||||
|
||||
President [[Richard Nixon]] tried to smear Anderson as a homosexual, and the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] was ordered to spy on him. The obituary states that, according to the Watergate tapes, a Nixon aide ordered two cohorts to try to kill the journalist by poisoning.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
At the [[Senate Watergate Committee]] hearing of May 24, 1973, [[Alfred Baldwin]] identified a group of papers taken from the effects of [[James McCord]] as relating to Jack Anderson, headed "Confidential, subject: Jack Anderson" and signed by McCord. The committee received them in camera as exhibits 15A to 15D and did not publish them.[^9] On June 27, 1973 [[John Dean]] introduced a memorandum from [[Charles Colson]] to Dean, which Dean dated November 17, 1972, concerning information Colson had received from an informer about Anderson. In the memorandum Colson wrote that the informer reported Anderson found in a room with wiretap equipment and a private investigator in connection with the Dodd investigation, and that Anderson and Pearson were paid $100,000 in 1958 by [[Fulgencio Batista]] to write favorable articles. Colson wrote: "You know my personal feelings about Jack Anderson. After his incredibly sloppy and malicious reporting on Eagleton, his credibility has diminished. It now appears as if we have the opportunity to destroy it. Do you agree that we should pursue this actively?"[^10]
|
||||
|
||||
A compilation of CIA domestic operations prepared by the [[CIA Office of Security]] and submitted to the Director in May 1973, known as the [[CIA Family Jewels]], records a surveillance codenamed CELOTEX II. At the direction of the Director of Central Intelligence, the Office of Security conducted surveillance of Anderson and at various times his "legmen," Britt Hume, Leslie Whitten and Joseph Spear, from February 15 to April 12, 1972. An observation post was maintained in the [[Statler Hilton]] hotel directly opposite Anderson's office, to attempt to determine Anderson's sources for highly classified Agency information appearing in his syndicated columns.[^11] The preceding item, CELOTEX I, covered Michael Getler of the Washington Post in 1971 and January 1972.[^11]
|
||||
|
||||
The same compilation includes a memorandum of September 9, 1972 from [[Richard Helms]] to [[Henry Kissinger]]. It states that after noting that Anderson had a continuing source for classified documents on narcotics, the Agency arranged a trap so that the recipients of CIA Intelligence Memoranda on narcotics could be identified. The memorandum identifies a leak to the press as having come from the [[Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs]].[^12]
|
||||
|
||||
A separate CIA memorandum in the compilation, signed by [[Ted Shackley]] of the Western Hemisphere Division, concerns a column by Anderson that linked Howard Hunt to break-ins at Chilean diplomatic installations in Washington and New York. The memorandum states that the Agency knew of no foundation for that allegation, that any connection between ITT and the break-ins was conjectural, and that the column itself said as much.[^13]
|
||||
|
||||
[[Mark Feldstein]], a journalism professor at [[George Washington University]], wrote in a March 25, 2022 article for the Washington Post, reprinted by [[Stars and Stripes]], that in March 1972 Colson told Hunt that Anderson "had become a great thorn in the side of the president" and that the White House had to "stop Anderson at all costs," words Feldstein attributed to Hunt's later Senate testimony. Feldstein wrote that Colson proposed an untraceable poison or a high dose of a hallucinogen like LSD, that "a Senate committee investigated and confirmed the plot to poison Anderson," and that Nixon's role in the plot has never been definitively established.[^14]
|
||||
|
||||
In *Poisoning the Press* (2010), Feldstein reported on tapes from the National Archives. According to the account [[NBC News]] published from the book, [[H. R. Haldeman]] asked at a March 18, 1972 meeting, "Don't we have some spurious stuff that we can give to Jack Anderson," and Feldstein describes a lunch in March at the [[Hay-Adams Hotel]] with a recently retired CIA poison specialist, at which Hunt and [[G. Gordon Liddy]] discussed planting a poison in Anderson's medicine cabinet or putting massive doses of LSD on his steering wheel. Hunt told Feldstein in an interview before his death that Colson had ordered Hunt and Liddy to "locate Anderson's home and examine it from the outside for vulnerabilities." NBC reported that a spokeswoman for Colson said he "believes everyone has debunked this story a long time ago and he has nothing to add to it."[^15]
|
||||
|
||||
The New York Times reported on April 14, 1980, summarizing excerpts from Liddy's book *Will*, that Liddy wrote the plan arose over lunch in Washington with Hunt and a CIA operative, was suggested because an Anderson column had supposedly compromised an American agent abroad, and preceded the Watergate burglary. According to the excerpts, a plan to kill Anderson with LSD was dismissed as impractical, and Liddy then volunteered to kill him on a Washington street but was advised by Hunt to forget it.[^16]
|
||||
|
||||
### Psychic research columns
|
||||
|
||||
Lieutenant Colonel [[John B. Alexander]] published "The New Mental Battlefield: Beam Me Up, Spock" in the December 1980 issue of [[Military Review]], an official Army publication. Anderson's response came almost immediately. On January 9, 1981 his column "Pentagon Invades Buck Rogers' Turf" in the Washington Post used the terms "futuristic fantasies," "hogwash" and "voodoo warfare."[^17]
|
||||
|
||||
His column of February 5, 1981, "Yes, Psychic Warfare Is Part of the Game," began "The brass hats are, indeed, dabbling in the dark arts," and used the phrase "Ouija board warriors," and referred to the "evil eye" and to the "comic-strip" treatment of the subject.[^18]
|
||||
|
||||
On March 30, 1981 the Post ran "CIA Toys with Extrasensory Weapons." The column stated: "I've already reported on the Pentagon's $6-million-a-year research to develop ESP weapons," and its list of supporting research areas included remote monitors and stimulators, which the column described as work "like a Haitian witch doctor might try."[^19]
|
||||
|
||||
Annie Jacobsen gives the column heading "Voodoo Warriors of the Pentagon" and writes that Anderson surmised the generals at the [[Pentagon]] were "dabbling in the dark arts" and that the wire services picked up the story, which went national and caused a stir within the military establishment.[^20]
|
||||
|
||||
By 1984 the tone had changed. On April 24, 1984 the Post ran "'Voodoo Gap' Looms as Latest Weapons Crisis," which opened: "I have reported previously on secret projects to adapt psychic phenomena to military purposes."[^21] An Air War College paper on psychic research observed that by 1984 Anderson had changed his tune.[^17]
|
||||
|
||||
The Army's Grill Flame nickname for its psychic research appeared in Anderson's work in 1984. A memorandum of May 17, 1984, titled "Recent Jack Anderson 'GRILL FLAME' Articles," recorded that Representative [[Charlie Rose]] had called [[Ingo Swann]] on May 16, 1984 and related that [[Dale Van Atta]], an associate of Anderson, had said that he and Anderson had recently been under the influence of McRae but that this was no longer the case, and that a series of favorable articles would follow.[^22] A memorandum on a presentation to [[Harry Soyster|Brigadier General Soyster]] on December 12, 1985 stated that the year before Anderson had published the project nickname Grill Flame and associated psi research with the U.S. Army.[^23]
|
||||
|
||||
### Castro plot and Iran-Contra
|
||||
|
||||
A CIA memorandum in the Family Jewels compilation on the plot against [[Fidel Castro]] states that [[Johnny Roselli]] threatened to expose his part in the operation. The Agency decided to ignore the threats and take a calculated risk. The memorandum then states that "Roselli or someone on his behalf" furnished Anderson details of the operation, and it attaches two Anderson columns dealing with Roselli.[^24] The compilation's list of Inspector General reports describes the Castro allegations as a story that "first appeared in Drew Pearson's column and has since appeared in Jack Anderson's column," and states that "While the columns contained many factual errors, the allegations are basically true."[^25]
|
||||
|
||||
The obituary credits Anderson with revelations in the [[Iran-Contra affair]] and with the 1987 Sigma Delta Chi Service to Journalism award for his work on that story.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Glomar Explorer
|
||||
|
||||
On March 18, 1975 Anderson mentioned the [[Hughes Glomar Explorer]], the CIA salvage vessel, on his national radio show and declared his intention to reveal more details about the operation. The next day the Los Angeles Times, the Washington Post and the New York Times published front-page stories on the vessel.[^26] The National Security Archive's briefing book on the project refers to the exposés on the vessel by Anderson and by [[Seymour Hersh]].[^27]
|
||||
|
||||
### FBI files and papers
|
||||
|
||||
After Anderson's death, agents of the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] told his family that the Bureau wanted to review his files and to remove any documents it judged classified before they were opened to the public; the request became public in April 2006. The [[Federation of American Scientists]] reported the request.[^28] On April 20, 2006 an FBI assistant director, John Miller, told NPR the bureau wanted access before the archive was made public. NPR reported that FBI agents had told the family that the papers included a document that could bear on a current espionage case involving pro-Israel lobbyists, and that 188 boxes were held by George Washington University.[^29]
|
||||
|
||||
When the [[Senate Judiciary Committee]] asked under what law the FBI was proceeding, the Bureau replied that it had abandoned its effort. The Associated Press reported that the revelation came in a letter dated November 30, 2006 from Acting Associate Attorney General James H. Clinger to Chairman [[Arlen Specter]], which stated: "At this time, the FBI is not seeking to reclaim any documents." The AP reported that Anderson's son and his biographer said agents had expressed interest in documents that would aid the government's case against two former lobbyists for the [[American Israel Public Affairs Committee]]. The family then arranged for the papers to go to George Washington University for archiving.[^30][^31][^32]
|
||||
|
||||
In 2008 the FBI released its files on Anderson to the [[Associated Press]] under a Freedom of Information Act request, a collection of more than 2,000 heavily redacted documents tracing Hoover's attempts to catch the reporter. Feldstein planned to add the collection to the university's Anderson papers.[^33]
|
||||
|
||||
### Death
|
||||
|
||||
Anderson died at his home in [[Bethesda, Maryland]] on December 17, 2005, at the age of 83. He had Parkinson's disease, and his family attributed his death to complications from it. He was survived by his wife, Olivia Farley Anderson, and nine children.[^1][^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Patricia Sullivan, "Obituary: Jack Anderson was Pulitzer winning columnist," *The Washington Post*, December 18, 2005, reprinted by *The Seattle Times*, December 18, 2005. https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/20051218/andersonobit18/obituary--jack-anderson-was-pulitzer-winning-columnist
|
||||
[^2]: "Jack Anderson, muckraking journalist, dies," NBC News (Associated Press), December 2005. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna10506872
|
||||
[^3]: "Jack Anderson, columnist and ex-Utahn, dies," *Deseret News* (Associated Press), December 18, 2005. https://www.deseret.com/2005/12/18/19928462/jack-anderson-columnist-and-ex-utahn-dies/
|
||||
[^4]: Associated Press, Washington, "Goldfine Records Burglarized; Aides' Room Bugged," *The Daily Reflector* (Greenville, North Carolina), July 7, 1958, p. 1. https://digital.lib.ecu.edu/encore/ncgre000/00000086/00085661/00085661.pdf
|
||||
[^5]: Federal Bureau of Investigation, memorandum from R. D. Cotter to W. C. Sullivan, "Jack Anderson, Article in 'Washington Post,' 3/20/68, Espionage - X," March 22, 1968, FBI Vault, Jack Anderson, Part 01 of 11. https://web.archive.org/web/2014id_/http://vault.fbi.gov/jack-anderson/jack-anderson-part-01-of-11/at_download/file
|
||||
[^6]: Federal Bureau of Investigation, FBI Vault, "Jack Anderson," Parts 01 to 11 (archived page). https://web.archive.org/web/2014/http://vault.fbi.gov/jack-anderson
|
||||
[^7]: The Pulitzer Prizes, 1972 winners, National Reporting: Jack Anderson, a syndicated columnist, "For his reporting of American policy decision-making during the Indo-Pakistan War of 1971" (archived page). https://web.archive.org/web/2012/http://www.pulitzer.org/awards/1972
|
||||
[^8]: U.S. Senate, Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities, *Final Report* (1974), section "ITT and Dita Beard," pp. 205-206. https://archive.org/details/senatewatergater01unit
|
||||
[^9]: Testimony of Alfred C. Baldwin, May 24, 1973, *Presidential Campaign Activities of 1972, Senate Resolution 60: Watergate and Related Activities*, Hearings before the Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities, Book 1, p. 407. https://archive.org/details/presidentialcamp01unit
|
||||
[^10]: Testimony of John W. Dean III, June 27, 1973, Hearings before the Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities, Book 4, p. 1349 and Exhibit No. 46, p. 1687 (memorandum, Charles Colson to John Dean). https://archive.org/details/presidentialcamp04unit
|
||||
[^11]: Central Intelligence Agency, Office of Security, submission of May 16, 1973 for the "Family Jewels" compilation, sections "CELOTEX I" and "CELOTEX II," CIA Reading Room document 0001451843. https://archive.org/details/CIA-Family-Jewels
|
||||
[^12]: Central Intelligence Agency, "Family Jewels" compilation, memorandum from Richard Helms to Henry Kissinger, September 9, 1972, narcotics section. https://archive.org/details/CIA-Family-Jewels
|
||||
[^13]: Central Intelligence Agency, "Family Jewels" compilation, memorandum of Theodore G. Shackley, Chief, Western Hemisphere Division, on Anderson's column concerning ITT and Howard Hunt, 1973. https://archive.org/details/CIA-Family-Jewels
|
||||
[^14]: Mark Feldstein, "50 years ago: Nixon White House plotted to assassinate journalist," *The Washington Post*, reprinted in *Stars and Stripes*, March 25, 2022. https://www.stripes.com/history/2022-03-25/50-years-ago-nixon-white-house-plotted-assassinate-journalist-5477284.html
|
||||
[^15]: Michael Isikoff, "Nixon plot against newspaper columnist detailed," NBC News, September 13, 2010, reporting on Mark Feldstein, *Poisoning the Press: Richard Nixon, Jack Anderson and the Rise of Washington's Scandal Culture* (2010), and on an interview with Howard Hunt provided to NBC. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna39157420
|
||||
[^16]: "Assassination Plots Described by Liddy," *The New York Times*, April 14, 1980 (clipping), CIA-RDP90-00552R000403710021-5. https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp90-00552r000403710021-5
|
||||
[^17]: Jack Anderson, "Pentagon Invades Buck Rogers' Turf," *The Washington Post*, January 9, 1981, p. D16, as cited in Air War College research paper on psychic research, CIA-RDP96-00789R001001420001-3. https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp96-00789r001001420001-3
|
||||
[^18]: Jack Anderson, "Yes, Psychic Warfare Is Part of the Game," *The Washington Post*, February 5, 1981, p. DC11, as quoted in the Air War College paper cited in note 17. https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp96-00789r001001420001-3
|
||||
[^19]: Jack Anderson, "CIA Toys with Extrasensory Weapons," *The Washington Post*, March 30, 1981, p. B13. CIA-RDP96-00788R001700360003-3. https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp96-00788r001700360003-3
|
||||
[^20]: Annie Jacobsen, *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis* (Little, Brown and Company, 2017).
|
||||
[^21]: Jack Anderson, "'Voodoo Gap' Looms as Latest Weapons Crisis," *The Washington Post*, April 24, 1984, p. C13. CIA-RDP96-00788R001200050011-3. https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp96-00788r001200050011-3
|
||||
[^22]: Army Intelligence and Security Command (INSCOM), memorandum for record, "Recent Jack Anderson 'GRILL FLAME' Articles," May 17, 1984, CIA-RDP96-00788R001200030001-6. https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp96-00788r001200030001-6
|
||||
[^23]: Memorandum, "BG Soyster Presentation 12 December 1985," CIA-RDP96-00788R001700030003-9. https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp96-00788r001700030003-9
|
||||
[^24]: Central Intelligence Agency, "Family Jewels" compilation, memorandum on the plot against Fidel Castro, paragraphs 4 and 21. https://archive.org/details/CIA-Family-Jewels
|
||||
[^25]: Central Intelligence Agency, "Family Jewels" compilation, list of Inspector General reports, entry on the allegation that the Agency conspired to assassinate Fidel Castro. https://archive.org/details/CIA-Family-Jewels
|
||||
[^26]: U.S. Department of State, *Foreign Relations of the United States, 1969-1976*, vol. XXXV, National Security, 1973-1976, document 197, editorial note. https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v35/d197
|
||||
[^27]: National Security Archive, "The CIA's Declassified History of the Glomar Explorer," Electronic Briefing Book No. 305, February 12, 2010, introduction. https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/nukevault/ebb305/index.htm
|
||||
[^28]: Steven Aftergood, "FBI Seeks Access to Jack Anderson Files," Federation of American Scientists, April 19, 2006. https://fas.org/publication/fbi_seeks_access_to_jack_ander
|
||||
[^29]: David Folkenflik, "FBI Defends Request for Columnist's Papers," NPR, *All Things Considered*, April 20, 2006. https://www.npr.org/transcripts/5353604
|
||||
[^30]: "FBI Abandons Its Effort to Obtain Jack Anderson's Files," Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press, January 4, 2007. https://rcfp.org/?p=39395
|
||||
[^31]: "FBI Drops Demands For Jack Anderson Papers," Associated Press, January 4, 2007. https://cbsnews.com/news/fbi-drops-demands-for-jack-anderson-papers
|
||||
[^32]: Niketa Kumar, "FBI ends pursuit of GW housed Jack Anderson documents," *The GW Hatchet*, January 18, 2007. https://www.gwhatchet.com/2007/01/18/fbi-ends-pursuit-of-gw-housed-jack-anderson-documents/
|
||||
[^33]: Lauren French, "Gelman Library to receive FBI files on columnist Jack Anderson," *The GW Hatchet*, October 27, 2008. https://www.gwhatchet.com/2008/10/27/gelman-library-to-receive-fbi-files-on-columnist-jack-anderson/
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -17,15 +17,22 @@ Brigadier General James L. Dozier was a senior [[U.S. Army]] official and deputy
|
|||
|
||||
Dozier, a graduate of [[West Point]] and a [[Vietnam]] veteran, was reading a letter when his doorbell rang. Two young men, posing as plumbers, gained entry to his apartment. Dozier was attacked, and he and his wife, Judy, were bound and gagged. Dozier was then forced into a steamer trunk and secreted away in the back of a blue Fiat van[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
His abduction triggered a massive international response. The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] offered a $2 million reward for information, and a Joint Special Operations Command team was dispatched to Italy. In Washington, [[Dale Graff]] and the [[Grill Flame]] remote viewers at [[Fort Meade]] were tasked with providing intelligence to locate him[^1].
|
||||
His abduction triggered a massive international response. The [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] offered a $2 million reward for information, and a Joint Special Operations Command team was dispatched to Italy. In Washington, the Intelligence and Threat Analysis Center of [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]], under Colonel Charles F. Scanlon, the command's deputy chief of staff for operations, asked the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] on December 18, 1981 to help provide [[Grill Flame]] derived data to U.S. authorities in Europe concerning the search for Dozier, and the first Grill Flame session on the case was held that day.[^2][^3] Jacobsen wrote that [[Dale Graff]] and the Grill Flame remote viewers at [[Fort Meade]] were tasked with providing intelligence to locate him.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Remote viewers, including [[Joe McMoneagle]], [[Hartleigh Trent]], and [[Ken Bell]], provided information that Dozier was still alive and in the same place. However, the information was often vague and disparate, making it difficult to pinpoint his exact location[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
Graff himself experienced vivid dreams and impressions, believing Dozier was held "upstairs in a room above a grocery store" in Padua. This information, combined with intelligence from a U.S. signals intelligence team, led Italian police to the exact street address where Dozier was being held[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
On Nightline in November 1995, Graff said of the Dozier case, "we had one viewer come up with the name of the city, Padua. We had another one come up with the name of the building he was in."[^4] INSCOM's 1983 briefing states that the drawing from the third session, on January 20, 1982, carried "NOTE THE NAME PADUA" and "WAS NOT FORWARDED TO ITALY," and that a drawing from the first session was used by a DIA analyst to brief the commander of the Southern European Task Force that the search should be concentrated in the Padua area two days before the rescue.[^3] A press report datelined Rome, February 2, 1982, stated that police confirmed a 22-year-old from Verona had revealed Dozier's place of captivity, an apartment above a grocery store in Padua.[^5]
|
||||
|
||||
After 42 days in captivity, Dozier was rescued on January 28, 1982, by ten men from Italy's Central Operative Security Nucleus who stormed the apartment. He was found alive and was flown home to a hero's welcome, including an invitation to the [[White House]] from [[Ronald Reagan]][^1].
|
||||
|
||||
Despite the remote viewers' involvement, Dozier later stated that he finally figured out where he was being held by listening to voices and realizing that groceries were being sold. He called psychic functioning "pure nonsense"[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.
|
||||
[^2]: Defense Intelligence Agency staff summary bearing the name of Jack Vorona, CIA-RDP96-00788R000700130004-8, cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP96-00788R000700130004-8.pdf. The passage reads "was requested by COL C.F. Scanlon, the Deputy Chief of Staff: Operations, Intelligence and Threat Analysis Center, INSCOM to assist in providing GRILL FLAME derived data to U.S. authorities in Europe concerning the search for BG Dozier." Other INSCOM documents in the collection (for example CIA-RDP96-00788R001100440042-7) identify COL Scanlon as DCSOPS, INSCOM, and two memoranda carry the signature block of Charles F. Scanlon (CIA-RDP96-00788R000100240002-4, CIA-RDP96-00788R000100250029-4).
|
||||
[^3]: US Army Intelligence and Security Command briefing on the Dozier search, 1983, CIA-RDP96-00788R001700370002-3, cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP96-00788R001700370002-3.pdf. The briefing reads "GENERAL DOZIER WAS KIDNAPPED THE EVENING OF 17 DECEMBER 1981. ON 18 DECEMBER, WE CONDUCTED OUR FIRST SESSION."
|
||||
[^4]: "Psychic Spies: Cold War Whimsy or Secret Weapon?," ABC News Nightline, November 28, 1995, Radio TV Reports transcript for the CIA Public Affairs Staff, CIA-RDP99-01448R000402140001-7.
|
||||
[^5]: Press report datelined Rome, February 2, 1982, on General Dozier's press conference (publication not identified on the clipping), CIA-RDP96-00788R000100270006-7, cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP96-00788R000100270006-7.pdf.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -8,16 +8,16 @@ tags:
|
|||
summary: "Jean-Louis Delamotte, a Belgian businessman, served as the manager of Achats Services Commerces (ASCO), a company owned by Michel Nihoul and involved in fraud and vehicle supply during the 1990s."
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Jean-Louis Delamotte, a Belgian businessman, served as the manager of [[Achats Services Commerces]] (ASCO), a company owned by [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]] and involved in fraud and vehicle supply during the 1990s. ASCO provided white Mercedes vans used by Nihoul and [[Marc Dutroux]] for photographing schoolgirls and transporting victims in the child trafficking network. Delamotte's management role included overseeing ASCO's operations in Charleroi, where the company was registered, and facilitating the use of vehicles for abductions. Police investigations post-Dutroux's August 1996 arrest linked ASCO vans to the kidnappings of [[Laetitia Delhez]] and [[Sabine Dardenne]], with partial license plates matching those used in the crimes. Delamotte was arrested in connection with ASCO's fraudulent activities, which included money laundering and business dealings tied to Nihoul's fraud convictions. During interrogations, Delamotte provided information on Nihoul's operations, confirming the company's role in providing vehicles for the network.[^1]
|
||||
Jean-Louis Delamotte, a Belgian businessman, served as the manager of [[Achats Services Commerces]] (ASCO), a company owned by [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]] and involved in fraud and vehicle supply during the 1990s. ASCO provided white Mercedes vans used by Nihoul and [[Marc Dutroux]] for photographing schoolgirls and transporting victims in the child trafficking network. Delamotte's management role included overseeing ASCO's operations in Charleroi, where the company was registered, and facilitating the use of vehicles for abductions. Police investigations post-Dutroux's August 1996 arrest linked ASCO vans to the kidnappings of two girls aged 14 and 12, with partial license plates matching those used in the crimes. Delamotte was arrested in connection with ASCO's fraudulent activities, which included money laundering and business dealings tied to Nihoul's fraud convictions. During interrogations, Delamotte provided information on Nihoul's operations, confirming the company's role in providing vehicles for the network.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Delamotte's involvement came under scrutiny during the Dutroux affair, with ASCO's vans identified as key in the abduction logistics. The company, a front for Nihoul's schemes, supplied the white van used in Laetitia Delhez's August 9 abduction, with the witness's plate PBX 688 matching ASCO registrations. Delamotte's management included leasing or providing these vehicles to Dutroux, who used them for surveillance and kidnappings, including circling areas near schools to select victims. ASCO's fraud involved inflated invoices and money laundering, with Delamotte handling administrative aspects. He was detained in August 1996 alongside Nihoul, with police seizing documents showing financial flows to Dutroux's accounts. Delamotte's testimony detailed Nihoul's instructions for vehicle use in operations, linking to payments for child supplies.[^1]
|
||||
Delamotte's involvement came under scrutiny during the Dutroux affair, with ASCO's vans identified as key in the abduction logistics. The company, a front for Nihoul's schemes, supplied the white van used in the August 9 abduction of a 14-year-old girl at Bertrix, with the witness's plate PBX 688 matching ASCO registrations. Delamotte's management included leasing or providing these vehicles to Dutroux, who used them for surveillance and kidnappings, including circling areas near schools to select victims. ASCO's fraud involved inflated invoices and money laundering, with Delamotte handling administrative aspects. He was detained in August 1996 alongside Nihoul, with police seizing documents showing financial flows to Dutroux's accounts. Delamotte's testimony detailed Nihoul's instructions for vehicle use in operations, linking to payments for child supplies.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Delamotte's role extended to Nihoul's broader fraud network, with ASCO serving as a cover for illicit activities. The company was raided as part of the investigation, uncovering records of vehicle assignments to Dutroux. Delamotte's arrest highlighted ASCO's centrality, with the vans used for both photography and transport in the abductions of Sabine Dardenne and Laetitia Delhez. His statements to investigators confirmed Nihoul's coordination, with over twenty calls between Nihoul and Dutroux around the time of the crimes tracing to joint accounts. Delamotte's management position made him a key figure in linking the business to the trafficking logistics.[^1]
|
||||
Delamotte's role extended to Nihoul's broader fraud network, with ASCO serving as a cover for illicit activities. The company was raided as part of the investigation, uncovering records of vehicle assignments to Dutroux. Delamotte's arrest highlighted ASCO's centrality, with the vans used for both photography and transport in the abductions of two girls aged 12 and 14. His statements to investigators confirmed Nihoul's coordination, with over twenty calls between Nihoul and Dutroux around the time of the crimes tracing to joint accounts. Delamotte's management position made him a key figure in linking the business to the trafficking logistics.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### ASCO Management
|
||||
Delamotte managed ASCO's day-to-day operations, including vehicle fleet for company use. The white vans, registered under ASCO, were loaned to Dutroux for tasks including victim scouting. Police traced the van from Laetitia's abduction to ASCO, leading to Delamotte's interrogation. ASCO's fraud involved fake transactions, with Delamotte handling paperwork that masked payments for other purposes. The company's location in Charleroi placed it near Dutroux's residence, facilitating the arrangement. Delamotte's testimony revealed Nihoul's direct involvement in directing vehicle use for non-business activities.[^1]
|
||||
Delamotte managed ASCO's day-to-day operations, including vehicle fleet for company use. The white vans, registered under ASCO, were loaned to Dutroux for tasks including victim scouting. Police traced the van from the August 9 abduction to ASCO, leading to Delamotte's interrogation. ASCO's fraud involved fake transactions, with Delamotte handling paperwork that masked payments for other purposes. The company's location in Charleroi placed it near Dutroux's residence, facilitating the arrangement. Delamotte's testimony revealed Nihoul's direct involvement in directing vehicle use for non-business activities.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Under Delamotte's oversight, ASCO provided vans used in the May 26 abduction of Sabine and August 9 seizure of Laetitia, with [[Michel Lelievre]] assisting in both. The vehicles were ordinary for business but adapted for kidnappings with tinted windows and sedatives. Delamotte confirmed in statements the vans' availability to Dutroux, who returned them after use. The investigation uncovered ASCO's role in money laundering, with funds from sales of girls and pornography tapes flowing through the company. Delamotte's arrest in 1996 led to charges for fraud, with his cooperation providing insights into Nihoul's network.[^1]
|
||||
Under Delamotte's oversight, ASCO provided vans used in the May 26 abduction of a 12-year-old girl and the August 9 seizure of a 14-year-old girl, with [[Michel Lelievre]] assisting in both. The vehicles were ordinary for business but adapted for kidnappings with tinted windows and sedatives. Delamotte confirmed in statements the vans' availability to Dutroux, who returned them after use. The investigation uncovered ASCO's role in money laundering, with funds from sales of girls and pornography tapes flowing through the company. Delamotte's arrest in 1996 led to charges for fraud, with his cooperation providing insights into Nihoul's network.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Legal Outcome
|
||||
Delamotte was arrested in August 1996 as part of the Dutroux affair probe, charged with fraud and money laundering related to ASCO's operations. His testimony contributed to Nihoul's conviction for criminal association, though Nihoul was acquitted of kidnapping. Delamotte received a sentence for fraud in connection with the case, serving time for his management role in the company's illicit dealings. The 2004 trial highlighted ASCO's vehicles as evidence, with Delamotte not testifying directly but his statements used to show the network's business cover. Post-trial, Delamotte maintained a low profile, with no further legal actions documented.[^1]
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags:
|
|||
- Person
|
||||
- Belgium
|
||||
- Dutroux
|
||||
summary: "Neufchâteau investigating judge who freed Sabine Dardenne and Laetitia Delhez in August 1996, opened the hotline that led to witness X1, and was removed from the Dutroux file in October 1996."
|
||||
summary: "Neufchâteau investigating judge who freed two kidnapped girls in August 1996, opened the hotline that led to witness X1, and was removed from the Dutroux file in October 1996."
|
||||
born: 1948
|
||||
location: "Neufchâteau, Belgium"
|
||||
relations:
|
||||
|
|
@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ created: 2026-04-28
|
|||
updated: 2026-10-09
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Jean-Marc Connerotte was the investigating judge at Neufchâteau in the file on the abduction of [[Laetitia Delhez]], taken at Bertrix on August 9, 1996. [[Marc Dutroux]], his wife [[Michelle Martin]] and [[Michel Lelievre]] were arrested on August 12; on August 15 Dutroux confessed, and on his directions Laetitia and [[Sabine Dardenne]] were found alive in the cellar of his house at [[Marcinelle, Belgium|Marcinelle]]. The bodies of [[Julie Lejeune]] and [[Melissa Russo]] were found at Sars-la-Buissière on August 17.[^1] The parliamentary commission noted that Connerotte and the Neufchâteau prosecutor, [[Michel Bourlet]], preferred to work directly with the investigators rather than through the command of the investigation unit, in contrast to the more formal practice of his successor.[^2]
|
||||
Jean-Marc Connerotte was the investigating judge at Neufchâteau in the file on the abduction of a 14-year-old girl, taken at Bertrix on August 9, 1996. [[Marc Dutroux]], his wife [[Michelle Martin]] and [[Michel Lelievre]] were arrested on August 12; on August 15 Dutroux confessed, and on his directions the girl and a 12-year-old girl abducted in May 1996 were found alive in the cellar of his house at [[Marcinelle, Belgium|Marcinelle]]. The bodies of [[Julie Lejeune]] and [[Melissa Russo]] were found at Sars-la-Buissière on August 17.[^1] The parliamentary commission noted that Connerotte and the Neufchâteau prosecutor, [[Michel Bourlet]], preferred to work directly with the investigators rather than through the command of the investigation unit, in contrast to the more formal practice of his successor.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Hotline and X1
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ On October 14, 1996 the Court of Cassation removed Connerotte from files 86/96 (
|
|||
|
||||
### The X-Witnesses
|
||||
|
||||
After a public appeal by Connerotte in September 1996, eight witnesses gave testimony alleging abuse by members of the elite, compiled as the [[X-Dossier]] under Bourlet. According to S. Dovey, the testimony described orgies and murders at villas in [[Knokke-Heist]] near the [[Royal Zoute Golf Club]], at the brothel of X1's grandmother [[Cecile Beernaert]] at Elizabetlaan 83 frequented by [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]], and at estates of [[Baron Benoit de Bonvoisin]], [[Count Leopold Lippens]] and [[Count Maurice Auguste Lippens]]. The team matched X1's account of Van Hees's murder to unpublished details, and her account of a friend, "Clo," to the 1983 death of [[Carine Dellaert]], identified through a yearbook, whose autopsy found laminaria sticks and gauze. X2 named de Bonvoisin, [[Jean-Paul Dumont]] and Lippens at sadomasochistic events near Chimay; X3 described abuse at royal castles between 1950 and 1962; X4 identified pornographic films featuring X1's friends. X2 also described orgies at the Mirano club attended by Princes Philippe and Laurent. The dossier mapped politicians of the Christian Social Party backed by the [[Societe Generale de Banque]], and described Dumont as representing [[CRIES]], which used [[UNICEF]] in the production of pornography through [[Joseph Douce]] and [[Michel Caignet]]'s [[Gaie France]]; X1 described hunts and snuff films at [[ASCO Industries NV]], owned by [[Roger Boas]]. A 2005 summary of the file, later leaked through WikiLeaks, described 300 tapes, some featuring members of the elite. The accused were linked to [[Operation Gladio]] networks, and one of them, [[Melchior Wathelet]], sat on the European Court of Justice. The investigation followed [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]]'s parties, more than twenty calls between Nihoul and Dutroux around Laetitia's abduction, vans of Nihoul's company [[Achats Services Commerces|ASCO]], and some 300 violent pornographic tapes seized from Nihoul's home. It examined the 1991 disappearance of [[Katrien de Cuyper]] and the X-Kiss studio, linked through [[Gerrit-Jan Ulrich]] and [[Robbie Van Der Plancken]] to Zandvoort, and a list compiled by Serge Heylens that included [[Beat Meier]], [[Edward Brongersma]] and [[Philippe Carpentier]] of CRIES; after a note signed "Anubis" was found in [[Bernard Weinstein]]'s cabin, the [[Abrasax Institute]] was raided and found to include police members. More than twenty witnesses died in the period, among them [[Gina Pardaens-Bernaer]] in 1998, after identifying Dutroux-linked material on [[Apollo Disks]]. Connerotte was cleared of bias in 1999; in 2004 he testified that contracts had been taken out on the lives of magistrates, who needed bulletproof vehicles. The dossier was leaked and published in 1999 as *De X-dossiers.*[^10]
|
||||
After a public appeal by Connerotte in September 1996, eight witnesses gave testimony alleging abuse by members of the elite, compiled as the [[X-Dossier]] under Bourlet. According to S. Dovey, the testimony described orgies and murders at villas in [[Knokke-Heist]] near the [[Royal Zoute Golf Club]], at the brothel of X1's grandmother [[Cecile Beernaert]] in Knokke frequented by [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]], and at estates of [[Baron Benoit de Bonvoisin]], [[Count Leopold Lippens]] and [[Count Maurice Auguste Lippens]]. The team matched X1's account of Van Hees's murder to unpublished details, and her account of a friend, "Clo," to the 1983 death of [[Carine Dellaert]], identified through a yearbook, whose autopsy found laminaria sticks and gauze. X2 named de Bonvoisin, [[Jean-Paul Dumont]] and Lippens at sadomasochistic events near Chimay; X3 described abuse at royal castles between 1950 and 1962; X4 identified pornographic films featuring X1's friends. X2 also described orgies at the Mirano club attended by Princes Philippe and Laurent. The dossier mapped politicians of the Christian Social Party backed by the [[Societe Generale de Banque]], and described Dumont as representing [[CRIES]], which used [[UNICEF]] in the production of pornography through [[Joseph Douce]] and [[Michel Caignet]]'s [[Gaie France]]; X1 described hunts and snuff films at [[ASCO Industries NV]], owned by [[Roger Boas]]. A 2005 summary of the file, later leaked through WikiLeaks, described 300 tapes, some featuring members of the elite. The accused were linked to [[Operation Gladio]] networks, and one of them, [[Melchior Wathelet]], sat on the European Court of Justice. The investigation followed [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]]'s parties, more than twenty calls between Nihoul and Dutroux around the August 9 abduction, vans of Nihoul's company [[Achats Services Commerces|ASCO]], and some 300 violent pornographic tapes seized from Nihoul's home. It examined the 1991 disappearance of [[Katrien de Cuyper]] and the X-Kiss studio, linked through [[Gerrit-Jan Ulrich]] and [[Robbie Van Der Plancken]] to Zandvoort, and a list compiled by Serge Heylens that included [[Beat Meier]], [[Edward Brongersma]] and [[Philippe Carpentier]] of CRIES; after a note signed "Anubis" was found in [[Bernard Weinstein]]'s cabin, the [[Abrasax Institute]] was raided and found to include police members. More than twenty witnesses died in the period, among them [[Gina Pardaens-Bernaer]] in 1998, after identifying Dutroux-linked material on [[Apollo Disks]]. Connerotte was cleared of bias in 1999; in 2004 he testified that contracts had been taken out on the lives of magistrates, who needed bulletproof vehicles. The dossier was leaked and published in 1999 as *De X-dossiers.*[^10]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -11,6 +11,13 @@ summary: "39th U.S. President who led nuclear nonproliferation efforts against S
|
|||
born: 1924-10-01
|
||||
died: 2024-12-29
|
||||
location: "Plains, Georgia"
|
||||
relations:
|
||||
- type: participant_in
|
||||
with: "[[VELA Satellite]]"
|
||||
role: "president during the detection and the White House response to the review"
|
||||
start: 1979-09-22
|
||||
end: 1980-02-27
|
||||
fn: 4
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
James Earl "Jimmy" Carter Jr. was the 39th President of the [[United States]], serving from 1977 to 1981. His presidency was marked by significant challenges in foreign policy, nuclear nonproliferation efforts, and involvement with unconventional intelligence programs.
|
||||
|
|
@ -25,34 +32,40 @@ In March 1979, President Carter made the decision to provide [[Israel]] with acc
|
|||
|
||||
### VELA Satellite Incident
|
||||
|
||||
On September 22, 1979, a [[VELA Satellite]] recorded two distinctive bright flashes of light over the South Indian Ocean, probable evidence of a nuclear explosion. This event, suspected to be a joint Israeli-South African nuclear test, created a horrible dilemma for President Carter, just months before the 1980 presidential campaign. Carter, who had emphasized nonproliferation, faced criticism for hypocrisy if he did not act, but political repercussions if he sought sanctions against Israel and South Africa.[^1]
|
||||
On September 22, 1979, a [[VELA Satellite]] recorded two distinctive bright flashes of light over the southern Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Forty-one earlier double-flash detections by Vela satellites had each been confirmed as nuclear detonations, but the presidential science panel that reviewed the September 22 signal concluded in May 1980 that it was probably not from a nuclear explosion.[^3] This event, suspected to be a joint Israeli-South African nuclear test, created a horrible dilemma for President Carter, just months before the 1980 presidential campaign. Carter, who had emphasized nonproliferation, faced criticism for hypocrisy if he did not act, but political repercussions if he sought sanctions against Israel and South Africa.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Carter's diary entry for September 22, 1979 reads, in part, "There was indication of a nuclear explosion in the region of South Africa," followed by the alternatives "either South Africa, Israel using a ship at sea, or nothing."[^4] The September 23, 1979 mini-Special Coordination Committee summary of conclusions stated that a nuclear explosion of one to three kilotons "probably occurred early Saturday morning in the south Atlantic, southern Indian Ocean, southern Africa, or Antarctica." Carter wrote at the bottom of the page: "Do not let any allegation leak to public until we are sure of facts."[^5] On February 27, 1980 he wrote: "We have a growing belief among our scientists that the Israelis did indeed conduct a nuclear test explosion in the ocean near the southern end of South Africa."[^6]
|
||||
|
||||
### Psychic Research Programs
|
||||
|
||||
His presidency coincided with the early years of the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program, the U.S. government's secret psychic research effort. President Carter was reportedly aware of the Grill Flame program, with Congressman [[Charlie Rose]] even discussing it with him. However, his administration's stance on the program was complex. While some officials, like [[William Perry]], sought to cut its funding, the program managed to continue.[^3]
|
||||
His presidency coincided with the early years of the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program, the U.S. government's secret psychic research effort. President Carter was reportedly aware of the Grill Flame program, with Congressman [[Charlie Rose]] even discussing it with him. However, his administration's stance on the program was complex. While some officials, like [[William Perry]], sought to cut its funding, the program managed to continue.[^7]
|
||||
|
||||
### Iran Hostage Crisis
|
||||
|
||||
The [[Iran Hostage Crisis]] (1979-1981) was a major challenge during his presidency. Remote viewers were extensively tasked by the [[Department of Defense|Pentagon]] and CIA to gather intelligence on the hostages' whereabouts and conditions, though the administration's handling of the crisis, including the failed rescue attempt, ultimately led to the hostages' release on the day Carter's presidency ended.[^3]
|
||||
The [[Iran Hostage Crisis]] (1979-1981) was a major challenge during his presidency. Remote viewers were extensively tasked by the [[Department of Defense|Pentagon]] and CIA to gather intelligence on the hostages' whereabouts and conditions, though the administration's handling of the crisis, including the failed rescue attempt, ultimately led to the hostages' release on the day Carter's presidency ended.[^7]
|
||||
|
||||
### Latin American Policy
|
||||
|
||||
During his presidency, Carter's human rights foreign policy in [[Latin America]] reportedly distanced the CIA under [[Stansfield Turner]] from any death-squad interdiction. His administration was also reportedly reluctant to pursue certain figures involved in the drug trade, such as General Torrijos of [[Panama]], due to ongoing negotiations for the [[Panama Canal]] treaty.[^4]
|
||||
During his presidency, Carter's human rights foreign policy in [[Latin America]] reportedly distanced the CIA under [[Stansfield Turner]] from any death-squad interdiction. His administration was also reportedly reluctant to pursue certain figures involved in the drug trade, such as General Torrijos of [[Panama]], due to ongoing negotiations for the [[Panama Canal]] treaty.[^8]
|
||||
|
||||
### Connections to BCCI
|
||||
|
||||
Jimmy Carter accepted millions from [[Agha Hasan Abedi]] and [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]] for charitable organizations.[^5] In August 1982, [[Bert Lance]] introduced Abedi to Carter.[^6] Abedi's [[National Bank of Georgia]] was the largest single lender to the Carter family's peanut farm in Plains, Georgia.[^7]
|
||||
Jimmy Carter accepted millions from [[Agha Hasan Abedi]] and [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International|BCCI]] for charitable organizations.[^9] In August 1982, [[Bert Lance]] introduced Abedi to Carter.[^10] Abedi's [[National Bank of Georgia]] was the largest single lender to the Carter family's peanut farm in Plains, Georgia.[^11]
|
||||
|
||||
In the early 1980s, Abedi donated $500,000 to help establish the [[Carter Center]] at Emory University in [[Atlanta]] and contributed millions to Carter's Global 2000 Foundation, founded in 1985 for Third World healthcare.[^7] BCCI provided $8.1 million to Carter during the 1980s, and Abedi arranged an additional $2.5 million from [[Zayed bin Sultan AL-Nahayan|Sheikh Zayed]] through the [[Abu Dhabi Investment Authority]].[^7] Carter also utilized BCCI's jet for his travels and Global 2000 Foundation used office space at BCCI's London headquarters.[^7]
|
||||
In the early 1980s, Abedi donated $500,000 to help establish the [[Carter Center]] at Emory University in [[Atlanta]] and contributed millions to Carter's Global 2000 Foundation, founded in 1985 for Third World healthcare.[^11] BCCI provided $8.1 million to Carter during the 1980s, and Abedi arranged an additional $2.5 million from [[Zayed bin Sultan AL-Nahayan|Sheikh Zayed]] through the [[Abu Dhabi Investment Authority]].[^11] Carter also utilized BCCI's jet for his travels and Global 2000 Foundation used office space at BCCI's London headquarters.[^11]
|
||||
|
||||
Carter and his second wife, Rosalynn, became friends with Abedi and his wife, Rabia, and spent holidays together in Switzerland. Carter introduced Abedi to acquaintances like [[James Callaghan]].[^7] Abedi's joint appearances with Carter in various countries, including [[Kenya]], [[Ghana]], [[Pakistan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[China]], [[Thailand]], and the [[Soviet Union]], served as key targets for BCCI's business development.[^7] Carter continued to accept at least $1.5 million from BCCI even after the bank was indicted and convicted in Florida.[^7]
|
||||
Carter and his second wife, Rosalynn, became friends with Abedi and his wife, Rabia, and spent holidays together in Switzerland. Carter introduced Abedi to acquaintances like [[James Callaghan]].[^11] Abedi's joint appearances with Carter in various countries, including [[Kenya]], [[Ghana]], [[Pakistan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[China]], [[Thailand]], and the [[Soviet Union]], served as key targets for BCCI's business development.[^11] Carter continued to accept at least $1.5 million from BCCI even after the bank was indicted and convicted in Florida.[^11]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991, Chapter 20.
|
||||
[^2]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991, Chapter 1.
|
||||
[^3]: Schnabel, Jim. *Remote Viewers*. Dell, 1997.
|
||||
[^4]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.
|
||||
[^5]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 9.
|
||||
[^6]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 12.
|
||||
[^7]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, pp. 228-229.
|
||||
[^3]: Richelson, Jeffrey T., ed., "The Vela Incident: Nuclear Test or Meteoroid?" National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 190, May 5, 2006, narrative and note 1; Office of Science and Technology Policy, "Ad Hoc Panel Report on the September 22 Event," May 23, 1980, p. 2. https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB190/index.htm
|
||||
[^4]: Carter, Jimmy, White House Diary, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010, p. 357, as quoted in Burr, William, and Avner Cohen, National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 570, December 6, 2016, note 1. https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/nuclear-vault/2016-12-06/vela-incident-south-atlantic-mystery-flash-september-1979-raised-questions-about-nuclear-test
|
||||
[^5]: Foreign Relations of the United States, 1977-1980, vol. XVI, Southern Africa, Document 362, September 23, 1979. https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1977-80v16/d362
|
||||
[^6]: Carter, White House Diary, p. 405, as cited in Burr and Cohen, note 3. https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/nuclear-vault/2016-12-06/vela-incident-south-atlantic-mystery-flash-september-1979-raised-questions-about-nuclear-test
|
||||
[^7]: Schnabel, Jim. *Remote Viewers*. Dell, 1997.
|
||||
[^8]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010.
|
||||
[^9]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 9.
|
||||
[^10]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, p. 12.
|
||||
[^11]: Beaty, Jonathan and Gwynne, S. C. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI*. New York: Random House, 1993, pp. 228-229.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
created: 2026-05-15
|
||||
updated: 2026-10-02
|
||||
updated: 2026-10-09
|
||||
title: John B. Alexander
|
||||
aliases:
|
||||
- John B. Alexander
|
||||
|
|
@ -26,21 +26,21 @@ relations:
|
|||
with: "[[Advanced Theoretical Physics Working Group]]"
|
||||
start: 1985
|
||||
role: "convener of the invitation-only group, by his own account in 2011"
|
||||
fn: 5
|
||||
fn: 7
|
||||
- type: employed_by
|
||||
with: "[[U.S. Army Materiel Command]]"
|
||||
start: 1984
|
||||
role: "by his account assigned to the office managing the Army technology base, then in 1984 to the New Thrust project; listed as AMC/USA on Oke Shannon's 1985 attendee list"
|
||||
fn: 5
|
||||
fn: 7
|
||||
- type: member_of
|
||||
with: "[[The Aviary]]"
|
||||
role: "membership as alleged: listed as Penguin in a roster published by Richard J. Boylan"
|
||||
fn: 10
|
||||
fn: 12
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Lieutenant Colonel John B. Alexander is a former [[Green Beret]] and [[United States Army Special Forces|Special Forces]] commander in [[Vietnam|Vietnam]] and [[Thailand]], earning the moniker Assassin Six. He holds a PhD in thanatology, the study of death. Alexander became a prominent figure in the [[U.S. Army]]'s exploration of anomalous mental phenomena and human potential[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
In December 1980, Alexander authored an article titled "The New Mental Battlefield: Beam Me Up, Spock," published in *[[Military Review]]*, an official U.S. Army publication. This article was the first time [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and [[Psychokinesis|PK]] were discussed in an official Army publication, asserting that "there are weapons systems that operate on the power of the mind whose lethal capacity has already been demonstrated"[^1]. The article, based on personal experience and open-source information, gained national attention after *[[Washington Post]]* columnist [[Jack Anderson]] wrote about it under the heading "Voodoo Warriors of the [[Pentagon]]"[^1].
|
||||
In December 1980, Alexander authored an article titled "The New Mental Battlefield: Beam Me Up, Spock," published in *[[Military Review]]*, an official U.S. Army publication. This article was the first time [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and [[Psychokinesis|PK]] were discussed in an official Army publication, asserting that "there are weapons systems that operate on the power of the mind whose lethal capacity has already been demonstrated"[^1]. The article, based on personal experience and open-source information, gained national attention after *[[Washington Post]]* columnist [[Jack Anderson]] began writing about it on January 9, 1981, in a column titled "Pentagon Invades Buck Rogers' Turf."[^2] Annie Jacobsen gives the heading "Voodoo Warriors of the [[Pentagon]]" for one of Anderson's columns on the subject.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
Alexander's esoteric interests caught the attention of [[First Earth Battalion|Task Force Delta]], a high-level Army organization. In 1981, [[Richard G. Stilwell]], the deputy undersecretary of defense, arranged for Alexander's transfer to [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] under Major General [[Albert Stubblebine]]. Here, Alexander was put in charge of the Advanced Human Technology Office, interacting with Stubblebine's High Performance Task Force[^1].
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -55,48 +55,50 @@ After retiring from the military, Alexander joined [[Psi Tech|Psi]]'s corporate
|
|||
|
||||
### The Documents
|
||||
|
||||
John B. Alexander, a lieutenant colonel of the Army who had served with the Special Forces in Thailand and Vietnam, published "The New Mental Battlefield: 'Beam Me Up, Spock'" in *Military Review* in December 1980. Its author note placed him on the staff of the Army's inspector general in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] after heading the human resources division of the organizational effectiveness office at [[Fort McPherson]].[^2]
|
||||
John B. Alexander, a lieutenant colonel of the Army who had served with the Special Forces in Thailand and Vietnam, published "The New Mental Battlefield: 'Beam Me Up, Spock'" in *Military Review* in December 1980. Its author note placed him on the staff of the Army's inspector general in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] after heading the human resources division of the organizational effectiveness office at [[Fort McPherson]].[^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### The New Mental Battlefield
|
||||
|
||||
The article's note gave him as "with the Inspector General Agency, Department of the Army, Washington, DC," with a B.A. from the [[University of Nebraska]], an M.A. from [[Pepperdine University]], a Ph.D. from [[Walden University]], and a 1980 diploma from the [[Command and General Staff College]]. It opened: "Psychotronics may be described as the interaction of mind and matter. While the concepts may stretch the imagination of many readers, research in this area has been underway for years, and the possibility for employment as weaponry has been explored. To be more specific, there are weapons systems that operate on the power of the mind and whose lethal capacity has already been demonstrated." Citing the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] reports of 1972 and 1975 by [[John LaMothe]] and [[Louis Maire]], [[Thomas Bearden]]'s "Soviet [[Psychotronic Weapons]]" in *[[Specula]]* (1976), [[Henry Gris]] and [[William Dick]]'s *The New Soviet Psychic Discoveries,* and [[Sheila Ostrander|Ostrander]] and [[Lynn Schroeder|Schroeder]], it stated that "it is generally believed that the [[Soviet Union|Soviets]] and their allies are well in the lead"; that "the ability to heal or cause disease can be transmitted over distance, thus inducing illness or death for no apparent cause. While this has been demonstrated on lower organisms, flies and frogs, the present capacity for human death is still debated"; that "telepathic behavior modification, which includes the ability to induce hypnotic states up to distances in excess of 1,000 kilometers, has been reported"; that the [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] work of Targ and [[Hal Puthoff|Puthoff]] "tends to support claims that relatively accurate information can be obtained"; that "the intelligence-gathering capability available through remote viewing or OOBE travel is obvious"; that the Soviets "have applied those techniques against the US Embassy in [[Moscow]]" with "extremely-low-frequency (ELF) emissions" of "psychoactive characteristics"; and that "the use of telepathic hypnosis also holds great potential. This capability could allow agents to be deeply planted with no conscious knowledge of their programming. In movie terms, the Manchurian candidate lives and does not even require a phone call." It concluded: "It has been suggested that whoever makes the first major breakthrough in this field will have a quantum lead over his opponent, an advantage similar to sole possession of nuclear weapons." "Clearly, psychotronic weapons already exist; only their capabilities are in doubt."[^3]
|
||||
The article's note gave him as "with the Inspector General Agency, Department of the Army, Washington, DC," with a B.A. from the [[University of Nebraska]], an M.A. from [[Pepperdine University]], a Ph.D. from [[Walden University]], and a 1980 diploma from the [[Command and General Staff College]]. It opened: "Psychotronics may be described as the interaction of mind and matter. While the concepts may stretch the imagination of many readers, research in this area has been underway for years, and the possibility for employment as weaponry has been explored. To be more specific, there are weapons systems that operate on the power of the mind and whose lethal capacity has already been demonstrated." Citing the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] reports of 1972 and 1975 by [[John LaMothe]] and [[Louis Maire]], [[Thomas Bearden]]'s "Soviet [[Psychotronic Weapons]]" in *[[Specula]]* (1976), [[Henry Gris]] and [[William Dick]]'s *The New Soviet Psychic Discoveries,* and [[Sheila Ostrander|Ostrander]] and [[Lynn Schroeder|Schroeder]], it stated that "it is generally believed that the [[Soviet Union|Soviets]] and their allies are well in the lead"; that "the ability to heal or cause disease can be transmitted over distance, thus inducing illness or death for no apparent cause. While this has been demonstrated on lower organisms, flies and frogs, the present capacity for human death is still debated"; that "telepathic behavior modification, which includes the ability to induce hypnotic states up to distances in excess of 1,000 kilometers, has been reported"; that the [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] work of Targ and [[Hal Puthoff|Puthoff]] "tends to support claims that relatively accurate information can be obtained"; that "the intelligence-gathering capability available through remote viewing or OOBE travel is obvious"; that the Soviets "have applied those techniques against the US Embassy in [[Moscow]]" with "extremely-low-frequency (ELF) emissions" of "psychoactive characteristics"; and that "the use of telepathic hypnosis also holds great potential. This capability could allow agents to be deeply planted with no conscious knowledge of their programming. In movie terms, the Manchurian candidate lives and does not even require a phone call." It concluded: "It has been suggested that whoever makes the first major breakthrough in this field will have a quantum lead over his opponent, an advantage similar to sole possession of nuclear weapons." "Clearly, psychotronic weapons already exist; only their capabilities are in doubt."[^5]
|
||||
|
||||
### INSCOM
|
||||
|
||||
He served under Major General Albert Stubblebine at INSCOM during the [[Center Lane]] years. The project manager's record of a meeting with Stubblebine on November 30, 1983, notes "an update on the RAPT training" and that the general "confirmed his decision to hold a 'bonding' ceremony and that it would be lead by LTC Alexander." At a meeting on January 6, 1984, the "recent LTC Alexander problem concerning the debriefing of Russell Targ" was raised: "The CG stated that he was unaware that there was a problem as he had not instructed LTC Alexander to debrief [[Russell Targ|Targ]] because Alexander was not a trained intelligence officer. The CG stated that he would get with Alexander and resolve the issue."[^4]
|
||||
He served under Major General Albert Stubblebine at INSCOM during the [[Center Lane]] years. The project manager's record of a meeting with Stubblebine on November 30, 1983, notes "an update on the RAPT training" and that the general "confirmed his decision to hold a 'bonding' ceremony and that it would be lead by LTC Alexander." At a meeting on January 6, 1984, the "recent LTC Alexander problem concerning the debriefing of Russell Targ" was raised: "The CG stated that he was unaware that there was a problem as he had not instructed LTC Alexander to debrief [[Russell Targ|Targ]] because Alexander was not a trained intelligence officer. The CG stated that he would get with Alexander and resolve the issue."[^6]
|
||||
|
||||
### Advanced Theoretical Physics Group, 1985
|
||||
|
||||
After INSCOM, Alexander wrote in 2011, he was assigned to the [[U.S. Army Materiel Command|Army Materiel Command]], as "the only military officer working in an office comprised of senior civilians that managed the Army's technology base," where in 1984 he was "abruptly given an assignment to take over a huge, but failing project called New Thrust" and met [[Ron Blackburn]], a retired Air Force lieutenant colonel then at the [[Lockheed Aircraft Company]] [[Skunk Works]] in [[Burbank, California|Burbank]]. With Blackburn he drew up an invitation list for a group that he named the [[Advanced Theoretical Physics Working Group|Advanced Theoretical Physics project]], meeting in the secure facility of the contractor [[BDM Corporation|BDM]], where his former commander Stubblebine was a vice president. He wrote that he used the name "advanced theoretical physics" to "legally avoid answering any UFO [[Freedom of Information Act|FOIA]] requests," and that "as the person responsible for conducting the sessions, I never wrote any reports before or after meetings."[^5] A [[United States Department of Energy|Department of Energy]] visit request of May 8, 1985 names the BDM McLean facility and the purpose, as typed, "Advance Theoretical Physics Conference (20-25 May 1985)," and a page of notes by Houck of May 21, 1985 states the group's objective as "Does the evidence support an R+D project?" [[Oke Shannon]] of [[Los Alamos]] listed Alexander as "AMC/USA" among the attendees of a later meeting.[^6] The attendee list appears on the page for the group.
|
||||
After INSCOM, Alexander wrote in 2011, he was assigned to the [[U.S. Army Materiel Command|Army Materiel Command]], as "the only military officer working in an office comprised of senior civilians that managed the Army's technology base," where in 1984 he was "abruptly given an assignment to take over a huge, but failing project called New Thrust" and met [[Ron Blackburn]], a retired Air Force lieutenant colonel then at the [[Lockheed Aircraft Company]] [[Skunk Works]] in [[Burbank, California|Burbank]]. With Blackburn he drew up an invitation list for a group that he named the [[Advanced Theoretical Physics Working Group|Advanced Theoretical Physics project]], meeting in the secure facility of the contractor [[BDM Corporation|BDM]], where his former commander Stubblebine was a vice president. He wrote that he used the name "advanced theoretical physics" to "legally avoid answering any UFO [[Freedom of Information Act|FOIA]] requests," and that "as the person responsible for conducting the sessions, I never wrote any reports before or after meetings."[^7] A [[United States Department of Energy|Department of Energy]] visit request of May 8, 1985 names the BDM McLean facility and the purpose, as typed, "Advance Theoretical Physics Conference (20-25 May 1985)," and a page of notes by Houck of May 21, 1985 states the group's objective as "Does the evidence support an R+D project?" [[Oke Shannon]] of [[Los Alamos]] listed Alexander as "AMC/USA" among the attendees of a later meeting.[^8] The attendee list appears on the page for the group.
|
||||
|
||||
[[Jacques Vallee]] recorded in 1989 that Hal Puthoff "confirmed John Alexander had gone very high to get [ATP] funded"; Puthoff said that Alexander "briefed the head of [[NORAD|Norad]], the head of the [[United States Space Command|Space Command]], the top guy at [[Strategic Defense Initiative|SDI]]," and that Alexander "was in charge of Directed Energy Weapon work for the Army, over a billion-dollar budget" when he was reassigned to Los Alamos and "lost his power base." Vallee wrote that he was "unconvinced." Vallee's journal for May 11, 1986 records his refusal "to become part of the outer skin of some shadowy organization whose chief's I don't trust."[^7]
|
||||
[[Jacques Vallee]] recorded in 1989 that Hal Puthoff "confirmed John Alexander had gone very high to get [ATP] funded"; Puthoff said that Alexander "briefed the head of [[NORAD|Norad]], the head of the [[United States Space Command|Space Command]], the top guy at [[Strategic Defense Initiative|SDI]]," and that Alexander "was in charge of Directed Energy Weapon work for the Army, over a billion-dollar budget" when he was reassigned to Los Alamos and "lost his power base." Vallee wrote that he was "unconvinced." Vallee's journal for May 11, 1986 records his refusal "to become part of the outer skin of some shadowy organization whose chief's I don't trust."[^9]
|
||||
|
||||
A press release and survey packet forwarded to the [[White House]] science adviser [[John Gibbons|John H. Gibbons]] by [[C. B. Scott Jones]] of the [[Human Potential Foundation]] on June 13, 1994 reports "The Alexander UFO Religious Crisis Survey," conducted by [[Victoria Alexander]] of [[Santa Fe]], [[New Mexico]], and funded by the [[Bigelow Foundation]] of [[Las Vegas]] (see [[Robert Bigelow]]); a mailing to 1,000 clergy drew a response above 23 percent, with 77 percent disagreeing that proof of extraterrestrial life would cause a religious crisis. It includes a two-page "Commentary by John B. Alexander, Ph.D." that begins "The results of this survey are very important" and says the data are "counter to the widely held belief frequently posited by many in the UFO community predicting doom and destruction in the wake of verifiable contact," while listing caveats (the respondents were clergy, "approximately 77% did not" return the survey, n=230). Its acknowledgments thank "my fabulous husband, John B. Alexander."[^8]
|
||||
A press release and survey packet forwarded to the [[White House]] science adviser [[John Gibbons|John H. Gibbons]] by [[C. B. Scott Jones]] of the [[Human Potential Foundation]] on June 13, 1994 reports "The Alexander UFO Religious Crisis Survey," conducted by [[Victoria Alexander]] of [[Santa Fe]], [[New Mexico]], and funded by the [[Bigelow Foundation]] of [[Las Vegas]] (see [[Robert Bigelow]]); a mailing to 1,000 clergy drew a response above 23 percent, with 77 percent disagreeing that proof of extraterrestrial life would cause a religious crisis. It includes a two-page "Commentary by John B. Alexander, Ph.D." that begins "The results of this survey are very important" and says the data are "counter to the widely held belief frequently posited by many in the UFO community predicting doom and destruction in the wake of verifiable contact," while listing caveats (the respondents were clergy, "approximately 77% did not" return the survey, n=230). Its acknowledgments thank "my fabulous husband, John B. Alexander."[^10]
|
||||
|
||||
### Afterward
|
||||
|
||||
He retired as a colonel in 1988, his last post the advanced systems concepts office of the Army Laboratory Command, and went to Los Alamos National Laboratory, where he worked on non-lethal weapons with [[Janet Morris]] of the [[U.S. Global Strategy Council]], the body chaired by [[Ray Cline]]. His books include *The Warrior's Edge* (1990, with [[Richard Groller]] and Janet Morris), *Future War* (1999), and *UFOs: Myths, Conspiracies, and Realities* (2011).[^9]
|
||||
He retired as a colonel in 1988, his last post the advanced systems concepts office of the Army Laboratory Command, and went to Los Alamos National Laboratory, where he worked on non-lethal weapons with [[Janet Morris]] of the [[U.S. Global Strategy Council]], the body chaired by [[Ray Cline]]. His books include *The Warrior's Edge* (1990, with [[Richard Groller]] and Janet Morris), *Future War* (1999), and *UFOs: Myths, Conspiracies, and Realities* (2011).[^11]
|
||||
|
||||
[[Richard J. Boylan]] listed Alexander as Penguin in a roster of the [[The Aviary|Aviary]], describing him as an Army Intelligence and Security Command lieutenant colonel and director of the non-lethal weapons department at Los Alamos.[^10] [[Melinda Leslie]] told the authors of the [[Loose Threads Report]] that Colonel [[Charles Halt]] said in 2009 that Alexander "aggressively called" him soon after the December 1980 events near [[RAF Woodbridge]] and seemed to know "every detail," which made Halt "very concerned about John Alexander's role in ufology"; the Loose Threads authors write that Alexander has called [[Howard Blum]]'s account of a Pentagon UFO working group "pure poppycock."[^11] In the 2011 book, as quoted there, Alexander wrote of the premise of the group: "While many researchers, and even the general public, indicate they believe the U.S. Government is withholding critical information about UFOs; that is not a position in which I concur."[^5]
|
||||
[[Richard J. Boylan]] listed Alexander as Penguin in a roster of the [[The Aviary|Aviary]], describing him as an Army Intelligence and Security Command lieutenant colonel and director of the non-lethal weapons department at Los Alamos.[^12] [[Melinda Leslie]] told the authors of the [[Loose Threads Report]] that Colonel [[Charles Halt]] said in 2009 that Alexander "aggressively called" him soon after the December 1980 events near [[RAF Woodbridge]] and seemed to know "every detail," which made Halt "very concerned about John Alexander's role in ufology"; the Loose Threads authors write that Alexander has called [[Howard Blum]]'s account of a Pentagon UFO working group "pure poppycock."[^13] In the 2011 book, as quoted there, Alexander wrote of the premise of the group: "While many researchers, and even the general public, indicate they believe the U.S. Government is withholding critical information about UFOs; that is not a position in which I concur."[^7]
|
||||
|
||||
### In the Press, 1993 and 1997
|
||||
|
||||
*The [[Santa Fe New Mexican]]* of March 1, 1993 printed a story identifying Alexander as a Los Alamos National Laboratory researcher and describing non-lethal weapons as he presented them: infrasound generators that "could be tuned to incapacitate humans," anti-traction lubricants delivered by aircraft, a computer virus to disrupt enemy computers, and weapons to destroy the optical systems of tanks. The story quoted him that such weapons go after command, control and logistics ("If you can take that away, they can't fight"), that he considers them "humane" because they are designed to damage hardware rather than people, and, answering critics who said they could be lethal, that "nothing is 100 percent safe."[^12]
|
||||
*The [[Santa Fe New Mexican]]* of March 1, 1993 printed a story identifying Alexander as a Los Alamos National Laboratory researcher and describing non-lethal weapons as he presented them: infrasound generators that "could be tuned to incapacitate humans," anti-traction lubricants delivered by aircraft, a computer virus to disrupt enemy computers, and weapons to destroy the optical systems of tanks. The story quoted him that such weapons go after command, control and logistics ("If you can take that away, they can't fight"), that he considers them "humane" because they are designed to damage hardware rather than people, and, answering critics who said they could be lethal, that "nothing is 100 percent safe."[^14]
|
||||
|
||||
The *[[Deseret News]]* reporter [[Zack Van Eyck]], in a story reprinted in *The [[Uintah Basin Standard]]* of April 29, 1997, identified Alexander as the director for scientific liaison of the Las Vegas-based [[National Institute for Discovery Science]] and as a former director of nonlethal weapons testing at Los Alamos. Alexander was quoted on the institute's observation post on the ranch of [[Terry Sherman|Terry]] and [[Gwen Sherman|Gwen]] Sherman near [[Randlett, Utah]], which Robert Bigelow had bought in September 1996: "There have been some minor observations, but nothing you would stand behind," and "It's like a watched pot." He said any findings would be posted on the institute's web page.[^13]
|
||||
The *[[Deseret News]]* reporter [[Zack Van Eyck]], in a story reprinted in *The [[Uintah Basin Standard]]* of April 29, 1997, identified Alexander as the director for scientific liaison of the Las Vegas-based [[National Institute for Discovery Science]] and as a former director of nonlethal weapons testing at Los Alamos. Alexander was quoted on the institute's observation post on the ranch of [[Terry Sherman|Terry]] and [[Gwen Sherman|Gwen]] Sherman near [[Randlett, Utah]], which Robert Bigelow had bought in September 1996: "There have been some minor observations, but nothing you would stand behind," and "It's like a watched pot." He said any findings would be posted on the institute's web page.[^15]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017.
|
||||
[^2]: *Military Review,* vol. 60, 1980, annual index, archive.org item sim_military-review_1980_60_index.
|
||||
[^3]: Alexander, John B. "The New Mental Battlefield: 'Beam Me Up, Spock,'" *Military Review,* vol. 60, no. 12, December 1980, pp. 47-54, read in a Wayback Machine copy of the Army University Press PDF.
|
||||
[^4]: Buzby, Brian, memoranda for the record, "Initial Grill Flame Briefing to MG Stubblebine as CG, INSCOM, 30 June 1981" (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220001-0), "Meeting With MG Stubblebine on 30 November 1983" (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220010-0), and "Meeting with MG Stubblebine on 6 January 1984" (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220009-2). Read in the archive.org mirror of the CIA FOIA Reading Room STARGATE collection.
|
||||
[^5]: Alexander, John B. *UFOs: Myths, Conspiracies, and Realities,* 2011, as quoted in Elizondo, Daniel, and The Hermetic Penetrator, "The Loose Threads Report," Anomaly Archives, 2022, pp. 17-22, 28-29, 61-62, https://anomalyarchives.org/wp-content/uploads/PDF-Loose-Threads.pdf. Sole source for the passages so cited.
|
||||
[^6]: DOE F 5631.20, May 8, 1985; Houck note of May 21, 1985; Shannon "Attendees" page, as reproduced in the Loose Threads Report, pp. 15, 166, 188 (page images read directly).
|
||||
[^7]: Vallee, Jacques. *Forbidden Science: Volume Three,* as quoted in the Loose Threads Report, pp. 26-27, and in Basterfield, Keith, "Jacques Vallee and the 'Secret Onion,'" https://anomalyarchives.org/collections/file/atp-aka-secret-onion/.
|
||||
[^8]: Jones, C. B. Scott, letter to John H. Gibbons, June 13, 1994, with press release and "The Alexander UFO Religious Crisis Survey," OSTP document 9401410, Clinton Presidential Library, OSTP FOIA 01-22, item 17, https://avalonlibrary.net/Grant_Cameron/Clinton_Presidential_Library_collection/OSTP%20-%20FOIA%2001%2022/ (file "1994 06 13_C. B. Scott Jones to John Gibbons").
|
||||
[^9]: Career details from Alexander's own books and publishers' biographical notes, not verified against service records.
|
||||
[^10]: Boylan, Richard J. "UFO/ET-Disclosure Policy Splits Covert Network," *Perceptions,* http://web.archive.org/web/20130831033026/http://www.think-aboutit.com/ufo/aviary.htm. Sole source.
|
||||
[^11]: Loose Threads Report, p. 32, quoting Leslie and Halt; Alexander's characterization of Blum's book also as quoted there. Second-hand; sole source for the passages so cited.
|
||||
[^12]: Staff story on John B. Alexander and non-lethal weapons (headline and byline partly illegible in the viewer), *The Santa Fe New Mexican*, March 1, 1993, p. 1, continued p. 3, https://www.newspapers.com/image/583579533/ and https://www.newspapers.com/image/583579542/.
|
||||
[^13]: Zack Van Eyck, "No UFOs or ETs have dropped in at spooky ranch," *The Uintah Basin Standard* (Roosevelt, Utah; reprinted from the *Deseret News*), April 29, 1997, p. 2, https://www.newspapers.com/image/725294178/.
|
||||
[^2]: Jack Anderson, "Pentagon Invades Buck Rogers' Turf," *The Washington Post*, January 9, 1981, p. D16, as cited in Air War College research paper on psychic research, CIA-RDP96-00789R001001420001-3. cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP96-00789R001001420001-3.pdf
|
||||
[^3]: Annie Jacobsen, *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis* (Little, Brown and Company, 2017).
|
||||
[^4]: *Military Review,* vol. 60, 1980, annual index, archive.org item sim_military-review_1980_60_index.
|
||||
[^5]: Alexander, John B. "The New Mental Battlefield: 'Beam Me Up, Spock,'" *Military Review,* vol. 60, no. 12, December 1980, pp. 47-54, read in a Wayback Machine copy of the Army University Press PDF.
|
||||
[^6]: Buzby, Brian, memoranda for the record, "Initial Grill Flame Briefing to MG Stubblebine as CG, INSCOM, 30 June 1981" (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220001-0), "Meeting With MG Stubblebine on 30 November 1983" (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220010-0), and "Meeting with MG Stubblebine on 6 January 1984" (CIA-RDP96-00788R001700220009-2).
|
||||
[^7]: Alexander, John B. *UFOs: Myths, Conspiracies, and Realities,* 2011, as quoted in Elizondo, Daniel, and The Hermetic Penetrator, "The Loose Threads Report," Anomaly Archives, 2022, pp. 17-22, 28-29, 61-62, https://anomalyarchives.org/wp-content/uploads/PDF-Loose-Threads.pdf.
|
||||
[^8]: DOE F 5631.20, May 8, 1985; Houck note of May 21, 1985; Shannon "Attendees" page, as reproduced in the Loose Threads Report, pp. 15, 166, 188 (page images read directly).
|
||||
[^9]: Vallee, Jacques. *Forbidden Science: Volume Three,* as quoted in the Loose Threads Report, pp. 26-27, and in Basterfield, Keith, "Jacques Vallee and the 'Secret Onion,'" https://anomalyarchives.org/collections/file/atp-aka-secret-onion/.
|
||||
[^10]: Jones, C. B. Scott, letter to John H. Gibbons, June 13, 1994, with press release and "The Alexander UFO Religious Crisis Survey," OSTP document 9401410, Clinton Presidential Library, OSTP FOIA 01-22, item 17, https://avalonlibrary.net/Grant_Cameron/Clinton_Presidential_Library_collection/OSTP%20-%20FOIA%2001%2022/ (file "1994 06 13_C. B. Scott Jones to John Gibbons").
|
||||
[^11]: Career details from Alexander's own books and publishers' biographical notes.
|
||||
[^12]: Boylan, Richard J. "UFO/ET-Disclosure Policy Splits Covert Network," *Perceptions,* http://web.archive.org/web/20130831033026/http://www.think-aboutit.com/ufo/aviary.htm.
|
||||
[^13]: Loose Threads Report, p. 32, quoting Leslie and Halt; Alexander's characterization of Blum's book also as quoted there. Second-hand.
|
||||
[^14]: Staff story on John B. Alexander and non-lethal weapons, *The Santa Fe New Mexican*, March 1, 1993, p. 1, continued p. 3, https://www.newspapers.com/image/583579533/ and https://www.newspapers.com/image/583579542/.
|
||||
[^15]: Zack Van Eyck, "No UFOs or ETs have dropped in at spooky ranch," *The Uintah Basin Standard* (Roosevelt, Utah; reprinted from the *Deseret News*), April 29, 1997, p. 2, https://www.newspapers.com/image/725294178/.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ tags:
|
|||
- Person
|
||||
- OrganizedCrime
|
||||
summary: "Bristol associate of Alan Williams and Lee Tucker, jailed in 2000 at Swindon Crown Court for twelve years on thirteen counts of buggery and indecent assault of boys and supplying drugs; he died in prison."
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-22
|
||||
updated: 2026-10-09
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
John Gay served as a principal child pornographer in the [[TAG Films]] operation throughout the 1980s and 1990s, working in tandem with [[Alan Williams]] and [[Lee Tucker]] to generate and circulate explicit content involving underage boys transported from the [[United Kingdom]] to sex districts in [[Amsterdam]].
|
||||
|
|
@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ The severe materials created under Gay's direction led to the assumed killings o
|
|||
Gay, known to boys in Bristol as "Army John," was a close friend of Alan Williams and, according to the Avon and Somerset detectives, had posed as a police officer and an AIDS researcher to approach boys. In 1993 he, Tony Stevens and Lee Tucker were arrested and jailed in Portugal after being caught paying local children to make pornographic videos in their camper van. After some twenty years of abuse without a British conviction, he was tried with Lee Tucker at Swindon Crown Court in September 2000 and jailed for twelve years on thirteen counts of buggery and indecent assault of boys and supplying them with drugs; the Crown Prosecution Service then decided not to try him for raping the adolescent Tony Stevens. He died in prison.[^2][^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
[^1]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. Sole source for the passages so cited.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023.
|
||||
[^2]: Davies, Nick. "Paedophilia is easy 1: how police finally caught up with a network of child abusers." *The Guardian,* November 25, 2000. https://www.nickdavies.net/2000/11/25/paedophilia-is-easy-how-police-finally-caught-up-with-a-network-of-child-abusers/
|
||||
[^3]: Davies, Nick. "Paedophilia is easy 2: how a paedophile murder inquiry fell apart." *The Guardian,* November 27, 2000, with the author's later update. https://www.nickdavies.net/2000/11/27/paedophilia-is-easy-2-how-a-paedophile-murder-inquiry-fell-apart/
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -18,41 +18,41 @@ Joris Demmink was a senior Dutch justice official who served as Secretary Genera
|
|||
|
||||
Demmink began his career in the Dutch justice system in the 1970s, steadily advancing through the ranks to positions of increasing responsibility. By the 1990s, he had become a senior official within the Ministry of Justice, wielding significant influence over legal policy and prosecution decisions.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
By 1997, when the [[Rolodex Investigation]] into the Bell Boys callboy service began, Demmink was already a powerful figure within the Dutch justice system. His position gave him considerable influence over which cases were pursued, how investigations were conducted, and which officials were protected from prosecution.[^2]
|
||||
By 1997, when the Rolodex Investigation into the Bell Boys callboy service began, Demmink was already a powerful figure within the Dutch justice system. His position gave him considerable influence over which cases were pursued, how investigations were conducted, and which officials were protected from prosecution.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Rolodex Investigation Involvement
|
||||
|
||||
Demmink's name first emerged in a significant context during the 1997-1998 [[Rolodex Investigation]] into the Bell Boys callboy service operated by [[Karel Maasdam]]. The investigation, which exposed a child trafficking operation catering to Dutch justice officials, named Demmink as a client of the service. At the time, he was a senior ministry official.[^3]
|
||||
Demmink's name first emerged in a significant context during the 1997-1998 Rolodex Investigation into the Bell Boys callboy service operated by [[Karel Maasdam]]. The Dutch government's summary of the investigation states that the former secretary-general of the ministry did not appear in the Rolodex file in any way, and a ministerial letter of March 27, 2014 repeats this.[^3][^4] Former detective [[Leendert de Koter]] testified on March 5, 2014 before an examining magistrate in Utrecht that the [[Rijksrecherche]] had supplied Demmink's name, with those of three chief prosecutors, and that the probe produced no further indications against Demmink.[^5][^6] At the time, Demmink was a senior ministry official.[^7]
|
||||
|
||||
A boy prostitute who worked at Maasdam's Festival Bar later testified during a 2012 Helsinki Commission hearing that he had been introduced to Demmink by Professor Van Roon and instructed to have sex with Demmink inside his government car. The witness described refusing anal sex but performing oral sex with Demmink, who then wanted to take him to his home in Den Haag.[^4]
|
||||
A boy prostitute who worked at Maasdam's Festival Bar later described at a U.S. Helsinki Commission briefing on October 5, 2012 how he had been introduced to Demmink by a university professor and instructed to have sex with Demmink inside his government car. The witness described refusing anal sex but performing oral sex with Demmink, who then wanted to take him to his home in Den Haag.[^8]
|
||||
|
||||
### Government Vehicle Abuse Allegations
|
||||
|
||||
Further evidence emerged from complaints filed by drivers assigned to Demmink's government car. One driver, Rob Mostert, complained that Demmink had sex with boys in the backseat of his government car in his presence. Mostert died shortly after lodging his complaint, which was never followed up on. Similar complaints were made by other drivers.[^5]
|
||||
Further evidence emerged from complaints filed by drivers assigned to Demmink's government car. One driver complained that Demmink had sex with boys in the backseat of his government car in his presence. The driver died shortly after lodging the complaint, which was never followed up on. Similar complaints were made by other drivers.[^9]
|
||||
|
||||
Justice officer Tjeerd Postma later confirmed that he had warned the BVD (Dedishness Dienst, the Dutch security service) about complaints from drivers regarding Demmink's activities. Postma stated that drivers had reported nightly visits to clubs and a business trip to Brussels where Demmink had sex with a young boy in the back seat of the official car while the driver witnessed everything through the rearview mirror.[^5]
|
||||
Justice officer Tjeerd Postma later confirmed that he had warned the BVD (Dedishness Dienst, the Dutch security service) about complaints from drivers regarding Demmink's activities. Postma stated that drivers had reported nightly visits to clubs and a business trip to Brussels where Demmink had sex with a young boy in the back seat of the official car while the driver witnessed everything through the rearview mirror.[^9]
|
||||
|
||||
### Turkish Allegations and International Investigation
|
||||
|
||||
In 2012, Demmink's resignation coincided with the launch of a U.S. Helsinki Commission inquiry into his connection to child sex trafficking. The inquiry focused on allegations that Demmink had raped two Turkish boys aged 12-15 during visits to Istanbul in the mid-1990s. Demmink denied these claims, stating he was not in Turkey at the time.[^6]
|
||||
In 2012, Demmink's resignation coincided with the launch of a U.S. Helsinki Commission inquiry into his connection to child sex trafficking. The inquiry focused on allegations that Demmink had raped two Turkish boys aged 12-15 during visits to Istanbul in the mid-1990s. Demmink denied these claims, stating he was not in Turkey at the time.[^10]
|
||||
|
||||
### Connections to Other Investigations
|
||||
|
||||
Demmink's name surfaced in multiple investigations beyond the [[Rolodex Investigation]]. Information provided by an alleged bookkeeper of [[Karel Maasdam]] named [[Richard Carl-Samson]] indicated that [[Warwick Spinks]] frequently pimped boys to Demmink and Henry Hans Holthuis.[^7]
|
||||
Demmink's name surfaced in multiple investigations beyond the Rolodex Investigation. S. Dovey wrote that a man Dovey describes as Karel Maasdam's bookkeeper told the Dutch current-affairs programme EenVandaag that [[Warwick Spinks]] frequently supplied boys to Demmink and [[Henry Hans Holthuis]].[^11]
|
||||
|
||||
### Protection and Official Cover-up
|
||||
|
||||
Evidence suggests that Demmink enjoyed significant protection within the Dutch government. The 1998 shutdown of the [[Rolodex Investigation]] shortly after he was implicated, the ignoring of driver complaints, and the lack of prosecution despite substantial evidence all suggest that forces within the government were actively protecting him from consequences for his actions.[^8]
|
||||
De Koter testified on March 5, 2014 that a request for an observation team on Demmink and the prosecutors was refused and that searches at the home of the university professor on whom the probe concentrated found the computer, video recorder and videotapes gone.[^5][^6] The government summary records that the underlying probe was halted for tactical reasons in 1997 and reopened in May 1998, and the start of the Rolodex probe is given as 1997 by De Koter and as August 1998 in the ministerial letter.[^3][^4] Jaap Hoek, a former head of the Amsterdam youth and vice police heard the same day, said he did not remember Demmink's name appearing in the investigation.[^6] No criminal charges were filed against Demmink in the Netherlands.[^12]
|
||||
|
||||
### Media Exposure and Public Scrutiny
|
||||
|
||||
Demmink's case received increased media attention, particularly after 2012 when the Helsinki Commission hearings and Turkish allegations brought international scrutiny. Dutch media outlets began reporting on the long history of allegations against him and the apparent protection he had enjoyed within the government.[^9]
|
||||
Demmink's case received increased media attention, particularly after 2012 when the Helsinki Commission hearings and Turkish allegations brought international scrutiny. Dutch media outlets began reporting on the long history of allegations against him and the apparent protection he had enjoyed within the government.[^13]
|
||||
|
||||
### Death of Els Borst and Political Connections
|
||||
|
||||
In February 2014, Els Borst, the former Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1998-2002) and former Minister for Health, was found murdered in her garage, stabbed 41 times in what was initially reported as a possible suicide. Borst had been Demmink's minister when he served in the justice system and died just weeks after a Dutch court in Arnhem ruled to launch an investigation into historic allegations of child abuse against Demmink.[^10]
|
||||
In February 2014, Els Borst, the former Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1998-2002) and former Minister for Health, was found murdered in her garage, stabbed 41 times in what was initially reported as a possible suicide. Borst had been Demmink's minister when he served in the justice system and died just weeks after a Dutch court in Arnhem ruled to launch an investigation into historic allegations of child abuse against Demmink.[^14]
|
||||
|
||||
Dutch author Tomas Ross, who knew Demmink personally, suggested that Borst was murdered over what she had learned during her tenure at the Ministry of Health in the 1990s, particularly reports of rampant child abuse by Dutch politicians and other prominent figures that had flowed up to her office from social workers at government care facilities.[^10]
|
||||
Dutch author Tomas Ross, who knew Demmink personally, suggested that Borst was murdered over what she had learned during her tenure at the Ministry of Health in the 1990s, particularly reports of rampant child abuse by Dutch politicians and other prominent figures that had flowed up to her office from social workers at government care facilities.[^14]
|
||||
|
||||
### Resignation
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -62,12 +62,15 @@ Demmink resigned from his position as Secretary General in 2012 amid growing scr
|
|||
|
||||
[^1]: Joris Demmink career timeline and official positions; Dutch government records and media reports
|
||||
[^2]: Demmink's early career in Dutch justice system; Rise to senior positions within Ministry of Justice, 1970s-1990s
|
||||
[^3]: Rolodex Investigation files and Demmink's implication; Dutch police reports, 1997-1998
|
||||
[^4]: Helsinki Commission witness testimony, October 4, 2012; Bell Boys service victim statements regarding Demmink
|
||||
[^5]: Government vehicle abuse complaints and driver testimony; Justice officer Tjeerd Postma statements to BVD
|
||||
[^6]: Turkish allegations and U.S. Helsinki Commission inquiry; Demmink's resignation statement, 2012
|
||||
[^7]: Richard Carl-Samson information on Demmink's connections; International trafficking network links
|
||||
[^8]: Evidence of official protection and cover-up; Multiple investigation shutdowns after Demmink's implication
|
||||
[^9]: Media coverage of Demmink case, 2012-2014; Dutch press reports on government corruption
|
||||
[^10]: Els Borst murder investigation and timing; Dutch court ruling on Demmink investigation, January 2014
|
||||
[^11]: Intelligence community speculation and Demmink connections; Analysis of protection levels and international scope
|
||||
[^3]: "Samenvatting van de aanleiding, het verloop, de resultaten en de besluitvorming in het Rolodex-onderzoek," December 23, 2013. https://eerstekamer.nl/9370000/1/j4nvgs5kjg27kof_j9vvkfvj6b325az/vjigib8p5szh
|
||||
[^4]: Tweede Kamer, Kamerstuk 33 750 VI, nr. 116, letter of March 27, 2014. https://www.eerstekamer.nl/behandeling/20140327/brief_regering/document3/f=/vjifeja4nlzk.pdf
|
||||
[^5]: NOS, "Politie onderzocht Demmink in '97," March 5, 2014. https://nos.nl/artikel/619220-politie-onderzocht-demmink-in-97
|
||||
[^6]: "Oud-hoofdofficier justitie Jan Wolter Wabeke uit Best genoemd in zedenzaak Joris Demmink," Omroep Brabant, March 5, 2014. https://www.omroepbrabant.nl/nieuws/1720283/oud-hoofdofficier-justitie-jan-wolter-wabeke-uit-best-genoemd-in-zedenzaak-joris-demmink
|
||||
[^7]: Rolodex Investigation files and Demmink's implication; Dutch police reports, 1997-1998
|
||||
[^8]: U.S. Helsinki Commission briefing, "Listening To Victims of Child Sex Trafficking," October 5, 2012; Bell Boys service victim statements regarding Demmink
|
||||
[^9]: Government vehicle abuse complaints and driver testimony; Justice officer Tjeerd Postma statements to BVD
|
||||
[^10]: Turkish allegations and U.S. Helsinki Commission inquiry; Demmink's resignation statement, 2012
|
||||
[^11]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023.
|
||||
[^12]: Evidence of official protection and cover-up; Multiple investigation shutdowns after Demmink's implication
|
||||
[^13]: Media coverage of Demmink case, 2012-2014; Dutch press reports on government corruption
|
||||
[^14]: Els Borst murder investigation and timing; Dutch court ruling on Demmink investigation, January 2014
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Victims & Witnesses"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- BelgiumScandals
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- Belgium
|
||||
- Dutroux
|
||||
summary: "Fourteen-year-old abducted at Bertrix on August 9, 1996, whose abduction led, through a witness's memory of three digits of a license plate, to the arrest of Marc Dutroux on August 12."
|
||||
location: "Bertrix, Belgium"
|
||||
relations:
|
||||
- type: subject_of
|
||||
with: "[[Marc Dutroux]]"
|
||||
role: "abducted August 9, 1996; freed August 15, 1996"
|
||||
start: 1996-08-09
|
||||
end: 1996-08-15
|
||||
fn: 2
|
||||
created: 2026-04-28
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-22
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Laetitia Delhez, aged fourteen, was abducted at Bertrix, in the province of Luxembourg, on Friday, August 9, 1996. On Monday, August 12, a witness at Bertrix gave investigators three digits of a license plate; a door-to-door inquiry began at two in the afternoon, and at about five [[Marc Dutroux]], his wife [[Michelle Martin]] and [[Michel Lelievre]] were arrested at Charleroi. On August 13 police and gendarmes searched Dutroux's house at 128 rue de Philippeville in [[Marcinelle, Belgium|Marcinelle]] with tracker dogs and found nothing. On Thursday, August 15, Dutroux confessed, and on his directions Laetitia and [[Sabine Dardenne]] were found alive in the house.[^2] The commission of inquiry observed that "Laetitia was found through the memorization of a license plate number."[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
On June 17, 2004, the jury at Arlon convicted Dutroux of her abduction, sequestration and rape, Lelièvre of her abduction and sequestration, and Martin of her sequestration. It found that [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]] had no involvement in the abduction and sequestration of Laetitia, rejecting the "network" thesis argued by the prosecution, the Marchal family and Laetitia's own lawyers.[^3][^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Abduction and the Captivity
|
||||
|
||||
The writer S. Dovey wrote that she was taken while waiting at a bus stop after visiting a local festival, by Dutroux with Lelièvre's help, and subdued with chloroform in a white van; that the witness saw the van circle twice and noted the plate as PBX 688, a vehicle linked to Nihoul's company [[Achats Services Commerces|ASCO]]; that she and Sabine had been conditioned with drugs and hypnosis to regard Dutroux as a protector and kissed him when they came out of the cellar; that the cellar had been built in 1993 with the help of [[Claude Thirault]]; that more than twenty calls passed between Dutroux and Nihoul around her abduction; and that at the trial she testified to the roles of Martin and Lelièvre, while Lelièvre spoke of orders from Nihoul and of Dutroux's boasts of obtaining girls in [[Slovakia]].[^1] The cellar was the one in which [[Julie Lejeune]] and [[Melissa Russo]] had been held.
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. Its full plate number conflicts with the commission's statement that the witness gave three digits, and its date for Dutroux's arrest (August 13, 1996) is contradicted by the commission's chronology. Sole source for the passages so cited.
|
||||
[^2]: Chambre des Représentants de Belgique. *Enquête parlementaire sur la manière dont l'enquête, dans ses volets policiers et judiciaires, a été menée dans l'affaire Dutroux-Nihoul et consorts,* rapport, Doc. 713/6-96/97, April 18, 1997, p. 112 and the chronology of August 1996, pp. 264-266; translated from the French. https://www.dekamer.be/FLWB/PDF/49/0713/49K0713006.pdf
|
||||
[^3]: "Nihoul acquitté pour les enlèvements." *La Dernière Heure,* June 17, 2004; translated from the French. https://www.dhnet.be/actu/faits/2004/06/17/nihoul-acquitte-pour-les-enlevements-MF73NPYQVBC25I2Y6P54BXIQDA/
|
||||
[^4]: "Notorious child rapist-murderer convicted." NBC News and Associated Press, June 17, 2004. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna5233011
|
||||
|
|
@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ tags:
|
|||
- PsychologicalWarfare
|
||||
- Counterinsurgency
|
||||
- ColdWar
|
||||
summary: "Rand Corporation social scientist who led Phase II of the Viet Cong Motivation and Morale Study from 1965, redirected its findings to support an air power thesis through systematic selection and suppression of contrary data, forged colleagues' signatures on a policy memorandum, and supplied the optimistic briefings on VC morale that Walt Rostow and Robert McNamara consumed while the war escalated."
|
||||
summary: "Rand Corporation social scientist who led Phase II of the Viet Cong Motivation and Morale Study from 1965, whose optimistic morale briefings reached Walt Rostow and Robert McNamara while the war escalated."
|
||||
born: 1922
|
||||
died: 2007-03-28
|
||||
location: Santa Monica, California
|
||||
created: 2026-06-04
|
||||
updated: 2026-06-04
|
||||
updated: 2026-10-09
|
||||
---
|
||||
Leon Gouré was born in [[Moscow]] in 1922 and became a [[Rand Corporation]] analyst in 1951, where he worked primarily on Soviet civil defense and military capability assessments before being assigned to lead the second phase of the Viet Cong Motivation and Morale Study in early 1965. His conduct of that study generated the most documented internal scandal in Rand's history during the Vietnam era, producing formal complaints from three of his own analysts, accusations of data manipulation and unauthorized use of colleagues' names, and a subsequent commissioned institutional history that validated nearly all of the complaints.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Leon Gouré was born in [[Moscow]] in 1922 and became a [[Rand Corporation]] ana
|
|||
|
||||
When Gouré took over the VC Motivation and Morale Study from [[John Donnell]], [[Joseph Zasloff]], and [[Guy Pauker]] in early 1965, he redirected its emphasis from a broad assessment of VC organization and motivation toward the specific question of which weapons and tactics were most degrading enemy morale. The practical effect was to position the study as providing analytical support for air power operations rather than independent assessment. His published reports, including *Some Impressions of Viet Cong Vulnerabilities* (RM-4699-1-ISA/ARPA, August 1965) and *Some Findings of the Viet Cong Motivation and Morale Study: June-December 1965* (RM-4911-2-ISA/ARPA, 1966), concluded that VC morale was declining under air pressure, that draftee quality was deteriorating, and that sustained bombing would produce surrender.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
These conclusions were adopted by senior policymakers. National Security Advisor Walt Rostow, who used Gouré's work in preparing optimistic briefings for President Johnson, and Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara were the primary consumers. Gouré briefed General Westmoreland, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the NSC. Westmoreland later assessed even Gouré's optimism as excessive.[^1]
|
||||
These conclusions were adopted by senior policymakers. [[Walt Rostow]], chairman of the State Department Policy Planning Council until he became the President's special assistant for national security affairs in April 1966, used Gouré's work in preparing optimistic briefings for President Johnson. Secretary of Defense [[Robert McNamara]] was the other primary consumer.[^2] Gouré briefed General Westmoreland, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the NSC. Westmoreland later assessed even Gouré's optimism as excessive.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Suppression and Misconduct
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -43,3 +43,4 @@ Rand's commissioned institutional history, *RAND in Southeast Asia* (Rand CP-564
|
|||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Mai Elliott, *RAND in Southeast Asia: A History of the Vietnam War Era*. RAND CP-564, 2010; Anthony Russo, "Looking Backward: RAND and Vietnam," *Ramparts*, October 1972; Washington Post obituary, April 5, 2007.
|
||||
[^2]: *Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968, Volume II, Vietnam, January-June 1965*, document 121, memorandum from Rostow as "Chairman of the Policy Planning Council," February 15, 1965, https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v02/d121 ; *Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968, Volume IV, Vietnam, 1966*, document 115, memorandum from "the President's Special Assistant (Rostow)," April 5, 1966, https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v04/d115
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Lothar Glandorf was a German child trafficker operating boy brothels in Rotterda
|
|||
Glandorf smuggled boys from Eastern Europe into Rotterdam brothels, where he pimped them to VIP clients and child pornographers, including renting a boy to sadistic pedophile [[Martin Smollners]] for a torture porn film involving electrocution of the boy's testicles. His Rotterdam operation faced investigation in 1994 following the 1993 disappearance of 12-year-old [[Manuel Schadwald]] from Berlin's [[Pinocchio Bar]], a venue linked to Glandorf, with witnesses confirming Schadwald was trafficked to Rotterdam for prostitution. Dutch authorities wiretapped Glandorf's phone during the HIK investigation, revealing his advice to a senior Dutch official named Joris on smuggling boys across borders and providing new boys for sex despite health risks like STDs; Glandorf was convicted in November 1995 for child trafficking and prostitution, with the case gaining renewed scrutiny in 1998 after the HIK report's leak exposed omitted surveillance of Schadwald and government ties. Glandorf sold boys to British child pornographers in Amsterdam, including claims by [[Robbie Van Der Plancken]] that Schadwald was sold to [[Warwick Spinks]] after transport from Berlin.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Connections
|
||||
S. Dovey wrote that Glandorf maintained business ties with Warwick Spinks, selling boys to his Amsterdam operations. Robbie Van Der Plancken claimed, in an unbroadcast section of a Dutch television interview, that Manuel Schadwald had been sold to Spinks in Amsterdam some time after Glandorf took him from Berlin, and [[Nick Davies]] reported the claim.[^2] The [[Algemeen Dagblad]] reported on May 2, 1998 that a missing schoolboy had been seen in the boys' brothel of Lothar G. and Henk S. in Rotterdam, and was suspected of having reached it through the German Ludwig A. (44) and the Briton Warwick S.; the records found do not establish whether Warwick S. is Spinks.[^3] Dovey wrote that Glandorf was investigated alongside associates like [[Karel Maasdam]] of the [[Bell Boys]] escort service, which catered to Dutch justice officials including [[Joris Demmink]]. Through the broader [[Marc Dutroux]] network, Glandorf linked to Marc Dutroux and [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]] via shared trafficking routes and porn distribution, with Robbie van der Plancken claiming involvement in Schadwald's transport and sale, tying into Dutroux dossier evidence of Amsterdam connections. Glandorf's VIP clientele included political figures like [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]] and [[Tony Van den Boggaert]], with wiretaps implicating officials in boy smuggling; his operations aligned with [[Operation Gladio]] networks through elite pedophile rings involving blackmail and international child trade.[^1]
|
||||
S. Dovey wrote that Glandorf maintained business ties with Warwick Spinks, selling boys to his Amsterdam operations. Robbie Van Der Plancken claimed, in an unbroadcast section of a Dutch television interview, that Manuel Schadwald had been sold to Spinks in Amsterdam some time after Glandorf took him from Berlin, and [[Nick Davies]] reported the claim.[^2] The [[Algemeen Dagblad]] reported on May 2, 1998 that a missing schoolboy had been seen in the boys' brothel of Lothar G. and Henk S. in Rotterdam, and was suspected of having reached it through the German Ludwig A. (44) and the Briton Warwick S.; the records found do not establish whether Warwick S. is Spinks.[^3] Davies wrote in 1998 that [[Karel Maasdam]], known as "Alex Privee," owner of the [[Bell Boys]] escort agency, was a "close friend" of Glandorf.[^2] Dovey wrote that Glandorf was investigated alongside associates like Maasdam of the Bell Boys escort service, which catered to Dutch justice officials including [[Joris Demmink]]. Through the broader [[Marc Dutroux]] network, Glandorf linked to Marc Dutroux and [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]] via shared trafficking routes and porn distribution, with Robbie van der Plancken claiming involvement in Schadwald's transport and sale, tying into Dutroux dossier evidence of Amsterdam connections. Dovey wrote that Glandorf's VIP clientele included political figures like [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]], with wiretaps implicating officials in boy smuggling, and that his operations aligned with [[Operation Gladio]] networks through elite pedophile rings involving blackmail and international child trade.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Rotterdam Investigation
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ He produced rape videos sold to wealthy buyers, using hidden cameras in his base
|
|||
Dutroux's properties yielded videos of him raping minors and constructing his basement cells, with police seizing hypnosis equipment and chloroform linked to conditioning victims. His early release in 1992 by Justice Minister [[Melchior Wathelet]], later implicated in the X-Dossier, fueled suspicions of protection. Dutroux's network overlapped with the [[Spartacus International]] child sex tourism operation via [[John Stamford]], whose death in 1995
|
||||
halted related trials.
|
||||
|
||||
Witnesses like [[Regina Louf|Regina Louf]] detailed Dutroux attending Nihoul's blackmail parties in the 1980s, supplying drugs and girls. Dutroux frequented Amsterdam's [[G-Force nightclub]] nightclub and [[Roxanne Films]] studio, owned by [[Didier Pellerin]], where Nihoul's partner [[Marleen De Cokere]] worked. Phone records showed over 20 calls between Dutroux and Nihoul around [[Laetitia Delhez]]'s 1996 abduction.
|
||||
Witnesses like [[Regina Louf|Regina Louf]] detailed Dutroux attending Nihoul's blackmail parties in the 1980s, supplying drugs and girls. Dutroux frequented Amsterdam's [[G-Force nightclub]] nightclub and [[Roxanne Films]] studio, owned by [[Didier Pellerin]], where Nihoul's partner [[Marleen De Cokere]] worked. Phone records showed over 20 calls between Dutroux and Nihoul around the August 1996 abduction of a 14-year-old girl at Bertrix.
|
||||
|
||||
Dutroux's wife [[Michelle Martin]] and accomplice [[Michel Lelievre]] confirmed he acted on Nihoul's orders, kidnapping girls for delivery to clients. X-witnesses, including X1, accused Dutroux of participating in the 1984 murder of [[Christine Van Hees]] at a mushroom farm, matching crime scene details unavailable publicly. X1 also linked him to [[Carine Dellaert]]'s 1983 death, describing her childbirth and subsequent murder.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -27,19 +27,19 @@ Dutroux's ties extended to German trafficker [[Lothar Glandorf]] and [[Robbie Va
|
|||
|
||||
Dutroux's 2004 trial resulted in life imprisonment for murders of [[Julie Lejeune]], [[Melissa Russo]], An Marchal, and Eefje Lambrecks, but Nihoul was acquitted of the charges tied to the abductions, sentenced to five years for drug trafficking and criminal association, and paroled on April 28, 2006.[^3] Over 20 suspicious deaths, including prosecutor [[Hubert Massa]] and witness [[Gina Pardaens-Bernaer]], plagued the investigation. The [[Apollo Disks]] from [[Gerrit-Jan Ulrich]]'s network contained materials linking back to Dutroux's circle, with Pardaens-Bernaer identifying a Dutroux-linked perpetrator in a snuff film before her 1998 death.
|
||||
|
||||
Dutroux's operations aligned with [[Operation Gladio]] networks, involving blackmail of elites like [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]] and [[Paul Martens]].[[Sabine Dardenne]] and Laetitia Delhez were rescued from his dungeon in August 1996, and Dutroux received a life sentence at his 2004 trial.[^4]
|
||||
Dutroux's operations aligned with [[Operation Gladio]] networks, involving blackmail of elites like [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]] and [[Paul Martens]].Two girls, aged 12 and 14, were rescued from his cellar in August 1996, and Dutroux received a life sentence at his 2004 trial.[^4]
|
||||
### Kidnappings and Trafficking Operations
|
||||
|
||||
Dutroux kidnapped six girls between 1995 and 1996, holding them in a basement dungeon at his Marcinelle home. Julie Lejeune and Melissa Russo, aged 8, vanished July 22 1995; An Marchal, 17, and Eefje Lambrecks, 19, disappeared August 22 1995; Sabine Dardenne, 12, abducted May 26 1996; Laetitia Delhez, 14, taken August 9 1996.
|
||||
Dutroux kidnapped six girls between 1995 and 1996, holding them in a basement dungeon at his Marcinelle home. Julie Lejeune and Melissa Russo, aged 8, vanished July 22 1995; An Marchal, 17, and Eefje Lambrecks, 19, disappeared August 22 1995; a 12-year-old girl abducted in May 1996 on her way to school; a 14-year-old girl taken at Bertrix on August 9 1996.
|
||||
|
||||
Bodies of Julie and Melissa were found September 16 1996 under concrete at a [[Sars-la-Buissière, Belgium]] property, mutilated with video equipment suggesting production. An and Eefje were buried at another Dutroux property, murdered after two weeks of captivity. Sabine and Laetitia were rescued August 15 1996 from the Marcinelle dungeon.
|
||||
Bodies of Julie and Melissa were found September 16 1996 under concrete at a [[Sars-la-Buissière, Belgium]] property, mutilated with video equipment suggesting production. An and Eefje were buried at another Dutroux property, murdered after two weeks of captivity. The two surviving girls were rescued August 15 1996 from the Marcinelle dungeon.
|
||||
|
||||
Dutroux's wife Michelle Martin fed the girls while he was jailed for auto theft. Surveillance on August 10 1995 missed the dungeon during initial searches. Dutroux used chloroform and hypnosis equipment seized from his home.
|
||||
|
||||
He transported victims in a white Mercedes from ASCO, linked to Nihoul. Dutroux admitted selling kidnapped girls to Nihoul's clients, with Michel Lelievre confirming conditioning for submission. X1 testified Dutroux attended Nihoul's parties
|
||||
as a supplier.
|
||||
|
||||
Phone records showed 20 calls between Dutroux and Nihoul around Laetitia's abduction. Dutroux's accounts showed large sums, some tied to kidnappings. Witnesses placed Dutroux at Amsterdam's G-Force and Roxanne Films with Robbie Van Der Plancken.
|
||||
Phone records showed 20 calls between Dutroux and Nihoul around the August 9 1996 abduction. Dutroux's accounts showed large sums, some tied to kidnappings. Witnesses placed Dutroux at Amsterdam's G-Force and Roxanne Films with Robbie Van Der Plancken.
|
||||
|
||||
[[Robert Jan Warmerdam]] claimed Dutroux frequented these for child procurement. Dutroux linked to Zandvoort network via Ulrich's Apollo Disks, containing snuff films with Dutroux associates. X1 described Dutroux torturing Christine Van Hees in 1984, matching ligature and burn details.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -63,17 +63,27 @@ X1 detailed hunts at Lippens' estates and snuff films at ASCO Industries factory
|
|||
|
||||
[[Beat Meier]], Spartacus associate, smuggled boys with Roger Lawrence for films. Ties to Belgian royal family via X3's claims of abuse at castles. Over 20 witness deaths, including prosecutor Massa and Gina Pardaens-Bernaer, who identified Dutroux-linked snuff on Apollo Disks before her 1998 death.[^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### The August 1996 Arrests and the Rescue
|
||||
|
||||
The parliamentary commission of inquiry found that the investigation cell set up at Tournai for the disappearance of a 12-year-old girl, abducted on May 27, 1996 on her way to school, was staffed by the gendarmerie. Information on Dutroux held by the missing-persons unit reached the cell only after a fax of June 20, 1996 from the General Police Support Service (SGAP); the unit told a coordination meeting on June 26 that Dutroux was the subject of an investigation, including surveillance, by the Charleroi criminal investigation brigade that had so far been negative. Assuming that Charleroi was following Dutroux closely, the investigating judge and the cell did not contact the Charleroi gendarmerie and did not learn that the surveillance had long since ended. The commission found the investigation "essentially passive" and limited to its own district.[^6]
|
||||
|
||||
A 14-year-old girl was abducted at Bertrix, in the province of Luxembourg, on Friday, August 9. On Monday, August 12, a witness gave investigators three digits of a license plate; a door-to-door inquiry began at two in the afternoon, and at about five Dutroux, Michelle Martin and Michel Lelievre were arrested at Charleroi. Police and gendarmes searched Dutroux's house in [[Marcinelle, Belgium|Marcinelle]] on August 13 with tracker dogs and found nothing. On Thursday, August 15, Dutroux confessed, and on his directions both girls were found alive in the concealed cell in the cellar. The commission observed that the 14-year-old "was found through the memorization of a license plate number."[^7]
|
||||
|
||||
The writer S. Dovey wrote that Lelievre blocked the 12-year-old's path on her bicycle near a factory while Dutroux seized her and forced her into a van with chloroform; that the 14-year-old was taken at a bus stop after visiting a local festival; that the witness saw the van circle twice and noted the plate as PBX 688, a vehicle linked to Nihoul's company ASCO; that the cell had been built in 1993 with the labor of [[Claude Thirault]] and hidden behind shelving; that Dutroux conditioned both girls with drugs and hypnosis into dependence on him, told one of them she was being held for ransom, and was embraced by both when they were found; and that at the trial they testified to the manipulation they had undergone and to the roles of Martin and Lelievre, while Lelievre spoke of orders from Nihoul and of Dutroux's boasts of obtaining girls in [[Slovakia]]. Dovey gives May 26 for the first abduction, the full plate number and August 13 for the arrests; the commission's chronology records May 27, three digits of the plate and August 12.[^4]
|
||||
|
||||
On June 17, 2004, the jury at Arlon convicted Dutroux of the abduction, sequestration and rape of both girls and Lelievre of their abduction and sequestration; Martin was convicted of their sequestration. Nihoul was acquitted of the charges relating to the abductions, the jury finding that he had no involvement in the abduction and sequestration of the 14-year-old and rejecting the "network" thesis argued by the prosecution, the Marchal family and the girl's own lawyers.[^8][^9]
|
||||
|
||||
### The 1989 Conviction and Early Release
|
||||
|
||||
Dutroux's 1996 arrest was not his first: on April 26, 1989 he was convicted of abducting and raping five girls and women and sentenced to 13.5 years, but Justice Minister Wathelet paroled him on April 8, 1992 after roughly three years, over the objections of both the public prosecutor and a prison psychiatrist who had assessed him as a high-risk offender. He resumed offending soon after release, and the decision became a central controversy in the later parliamentary inquiries.[^6]
|
||||
Dutroux's 1996 arrest was not his first: on April 26, 1989 he was convicted of abducting and raping five girls and women and sentenced to 13.5 years, but Justice Minister Wathelet paroled him on April 8, 1992 after roughly three years, over the objections of both the public prosecutor and a prison psychiatrist who had assessed him as a high-risk offender. He resumed offending soon after release, and the decision became a central controversy in the later parliamentary inquiries.[^10]
|
||||
|
||||
### Witness X1 Corroboration and the De Baets Team
|
||||
|
||||
The investigative team under the gendarme [[Patrick De Baets]] conducted extensive interviews with Regina Louf (Witness X1) and corroborated significant portions of her testimony through independent means before being removed from the case after pursuing leads toward prominent individuals; Judge Jacques Langlois ordered a rereading of all the related files in the summer of 1997, and on April 23, 1998, the prosecutors-general closed them, a course which De Baets and his colleagues maintained was a political decision.[^6][^7]
|
||||
The investigative team under the gendarme [[Patrick De Baets]] conducted extensive interviews with Regina Louf (Witness X1) and corroborated significant portions of her testimony through independent means before being removed from the case after pursuing leads toward prominent individuals; Judge Jacques Langlois ordered a rereading of all the related files in the summer of 1997, and on April 23, 1998, the prosecutors-general closed them, a course which De Baets and his colleagues maintained was a political decision.[^10][^11]
|
||||
|
||||
### Gunderson, Gosch, and U.S. Parallels
|
||||
|
||||
Researchers including [[Ted Gunderson]], a former head of the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]]'s [[Los Angeles]] field office, drew parallels between the Belgian network and organized-abuse rings in the United States, including the [[McMartin Preschool]] case and the [[The Finders|Finders]] case; [[Noreen Gosch]], mother of kidnapped Iowa paperboy [[Johnny Gosch]], publicly stated her belief that her son had been abducted into an organized network with connections to both American and European intelligence services.[^8]
|
||||
Researchers including [[Ted Gunderson]], a former head of the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]]'s [[Los Angeles]] field office, drew parallels between the Belgian network and organized-abuse rings in the United States, including the [[McMartin Preschool]] case and the [[The Finders|Finders]] case; [[Noreen Gosch]], mother of kidnapped Iowa paperboy [[Johnny Gosch]], publicly stated her belief that her son had been abducted into an organized network with connections to both American and European intelligence services.[^12]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -82,6 +92,10 @@ Researchers including [[Ted Gunderson]], a former head of the [[Federal Bureau o
|
|||
[^3]: "Michel Nihoul est décédé." La Libre Belgique, October 23, 2019; translated from the French. https://www.lalibre.be/belgique/societe/michel-nihoul-est-decede-5db04ec39978e218e36b29be Sentence: "'Most hated' Belgian in jail for life." Al Jazeera, June 22, 2004. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2004/6/22/most-hated-belgian-in-jail-for-life
|
||||
[^4]: Dovey, S. (2023). *Eye of the Chickenhawk*. United States: Thehotstar.
|
||||
[^5]: Bulté, Annemie, Douglas De Coninck and Marie-Jeanne Van Heeswyck. De X-dossiers: wat België niet mocht weten over de zaak-Dutroux. Antwerp: Houtekiet, 1999, 543 pp., ISBN 90-5240-536-0 (catalogue record from the Library of Congress, LCCN 2002406745, as listed in Open Library). https://openlibrary.org/isbn/9789052405360
|
||||
[^6]: "Paedophile Marc Dutroux and the Murders That United a Divided Belgium," *Euronews*, October 27, 2019; *Dutroux* trial verdict, Arlon Assize Court, June 17, 2004; U.S. Office of Justice Programs, "Exhausting Whiteness: The 1996-98 Belgian Parliamentary Inquiry," 2004.
|
||||
[^7]: Sénat de Belgique. Proposition déposée par M. Frans Lozie, Doc. 2-563/1, October 9, 2000, développements.
|
||||
[^8]: A.B.H. Alexander, "Sex, Drugs, the CIA, MIND CONTROL and Your Children," PROBE, c. 1996; Ted Gunderson investigative reports.
|
||||
[^6]: Chambre des Représentants de Belgique. *Enquête parlementaire sur la manière dont l'enquête, dans ses volets policiers et judiciaires, a été menée dans l'affaire Dutroux-Nihoul et consorts,* rapport, Doc. 713/6-96/97, April 18, 1997, pp. 86-88; translated from the French. https://www.dekamer.be/FLWB/PDF/49/0713/49K0713006.pdf
|
||||
[^7]: Chambre des Représentants de Belgique, Doc. 713/6-96/97, April 18, 1997, p. 112 and the chronology of August 1996, pp. 264-266; translated from the French. https://www.dekamer.be/FLWB/PDF/49/0713/49K0713006.pdf
|
||||
[^8]: "Nihoul acquitté pour les enlèvements." *La Dernière Heure,* June 17, 2004; translated from the French. https://www.dhnet.be/actu/faits/2004/06/17/nihoul-acquitte-pour-les-enlevements-MF73NPYQVBC25I2Y6P54BXIQDA/
|
||||
[^9]: "Notorious child rapist-murderer convicted." NBC News and Associated Press, June 17, 2004. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna5233011
|
||||
[^10]: "Paedophile Marc Dutroux and the Murders That United a Divided Belgium," *Euronews*, October 27, 2019; *Dutroux* trial verdict, Arlon Assize Court, June 17, 2004; U.S. Office of Justice Programs, "Exhausting Whiteness: The 1996-98 Belgian Parliamentary Inquiry," 2004.
|
||||
[^11]: Sénat de Belgique. Proposition déposée par M. Frans Lozie, Doc. 2-563/1, October 9, 2000, développements.
|
||||
[^12]: A.B.H. Alexander, "Sex, Drugs, the CIA, MIND CONTROL and Your Children," PROBE, c. 1996; Ted Gunderson investigative reports.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -8,32 +8,33 @@ tags:
|
|||
- Belgium
|
||||
- Dutroux
|
||||
summary: "Brussels companion of Jean-Michel Nihoul, arrested on September 24, 1996, as the twelfth suspect in the Dutroux investigation and described by police as part of its 'inner ring.'"
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-22
|
||||
updated: 2026-10-09
|
||||
---
|
||||
Marleen De Cockere, of Brussels, 40, was arrested on September 24, 1996, as the twelfth suspect in the investigation of [[Marc Dutroux]]. Police described her as the companion of [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]] and said she was among those suspected of forming the "inner ring" of people involved in the abduction and sequestration of young girls and in child pornography, drugs, car theft and police corruption.[^2] She was not among the four defendants tried at Arlon in 2004.[^3]
|
||||
Marleen De Cockere, of Brussels, 40, was arrested on September 24, 1996, as the twelfth suspect in the investigation of [[Marc Dutroux]]. Police described her as the companion of [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]] and said she was among those suspected of forming the "inner ring" of people involved in the abduction and sequestration of young girls and in child pornography, drugs, car theft and police corruption.[^1] She was not among the four defendants tried at Arlon in 2004.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
Marleen De Cokere, girlfriend of Jean-Michel Nihoul, lived with Nihoul in Brussels during the 1980s and 1990s, sharing a residence and business interests. De Cokere worked at the [[G-Force nightclub]] in Amsterdam, a venue linked to the red light district where [[Regina Louf]] (X1) claimed she was trafficked as a child prostitute. Louf testified that De Cokere was present at Nihoul's parties, where Louf was supplied for sexual acts. The X-Dossier, compiled by Judge [[Jean-Marc Connerotte]] and Prosecutor [[Michel Bourlet]], included Louf's accounts of De Cokere's involvement in the network's operations, with De Cokere driving Louf to events. De Cokere was not charged in the main Dutroux trial but was questioned during Nihoul's fraud investigations. She denied all allegations of involvement in abuse or trafficking.[^1]
|
||||
Marleen De Cokere, girlfriend of Jean-Michel Nihoul, lived with Nihoul in Brussels during the 1980s and 1990s, sharing a residence and business interests. De Cokere worked at the [[G-Force nightclub]] in Amsterdam, a venue linked to the red light district where [[Regina Louf]] (X1) claimed she was trafficked as a child prostitute. Louf testified that De Cokere was present at Nihoul's parties, where Louf was supplied for sexual acts. The X-Dossier, compiled by Judge [[Jean-Marc Connerotte]] and Prosecutor [[Michel Bourlet]], included Louf's accounts of De Cokere's involvement in the network's operations, with De Cokere driving Louf to events. De Cokere was not charged in the main Dutroux trial but was questioned during Nihoul's fraud investigations. She denied all allegations of involvement in abuse or trafficking.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
De Cokere's relationship with Nihoul placed her at the center of his activities, including parties at the Faulx-les-Tombes chateau and Avenue Louise mansion, where hidden cameras captured blackmail material. Louf described De Cokere as part of the group that used her for services, with Nihoul organizing events for elite clients. De Cokere's role at G-Force nightclub tied to Amsterdam's prostitution scene, where Louf claimed she was sent. The X-Dossier noted De Cokere's presence in photos identified by Louf as attendees at these gatherings. De Cokere's business ties included handling administrative tasks for Nihoul's companies like [[ASCO]], providing vehicles for abductions. Her involvement remained testimonial, with no direct evidence leading to charges.[^1]
|
||||
De Cokere's relationship with Nihoul placed her at the center of his activities, including parties at the Faulx-les-Tombes chateau and Avenue Louise mansion, where hidden cameras captured blackmail material. Louf described De Cokere as part of the group that used her for services, with Nihoul organizing events for elite clients. De Cokere's role at G-Force nightclub tied to Amsterdam's prostitution scene, where Louf claimed she was sent. The X-Dossier noted De Cokere's presence in photos identified by Louf as attendees at these gatherings. De Cokere's business ties included handling administrative tasks for Nihoul's companies like [[ASCO]], providing vehicles for abductions. Her involvement remained testimonial, with no direct evidence leading to charges.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
De Cokere's connections extended to Nihoul's circle, including lawyer [[Annie Bouty]], with the couple's shared finances linked to payments from child sales. The X-Dossier detailed her role in facilitating Louf's transport to parties, where Louf was abused. De Cokere denied these claims, attributing them to fabrication. Her relationship with Nihoul continued post-arrest, with no legal repercussions for her in the Dutroux affair.[^1]
|
||||
De Cokere's connections extended to Nihoul's circle, including lawyer [[Annie Bouty]], with the couple's shared finances linked to payments from child sales. The X-Dossier detailed her role in facilitating Louf's transport to parties, where Louf was abused. De Cokere denied these claims, attributing them to fabrication. Her relationship with Nihoul continued post-arrest, with no legal repercussions for her in the Dutroux affair.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Role in Network
|
||||
De Cokere accompanied Nihoul to events where Louf was present, driving her to locations like the chateau for orgies. Louf claimed De Cokere participated in the exploitation, using her for sexual acts at parties. The X-Dossier included De Cokere's name in contexts of blackmail videos filmed by [[Michelle Martin]]. De Cokere's work at G-Force involved managing nightclub operations, tying to Amsterdam's scene where Louf alleged trafficking. Investigations under Connerotte examined her role, but no charges resulted.[^1]
|
||||
De Cokere accompanied Nihoul to events where Louf was present, driving her to locations like the chateau for orgies. Louf claimed De Cokere participated in the exploitation, using her for sexual acts at parties. The X-Dossier included De Cokere's name in contexts of blackmail videos filmed by [[Michelle Martin]]. De Cokere's work at G-Force involved managing nightclub operations, tying to Amsterdam's scene where Louf alleged trafficking. Investigations under Connerotte examined her role, but no charges resulted.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
De Cokere's administrative work for ASCO included vehicle logs, with the white van used in [[Laetitia Delhez]]'s abduction traced to the company. She confirmed Nihoul's orders to Dutroux for girl supplies in partial cooperation, but denied personal involvement. The X-Dossier linked her to the network through Nihoul's parties, with Louf describing her at events with elites like [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]]. De Cokere's denial persisted, with her maintaining a low profile after the affair.[^1]
|
||||
De Cokere's administrative work for ASCO included vehicle logs, with the white van used in the August 1996 abduction of a 14-year-old girl traced to the company. She confirmed Nihoul's orders to Dutroux for girl supplies in partial cooperation, but denied personal involvement. The X-Dossier linked her to the network through Nihoul's parties, with Louf describing her at events with elites like [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]]. De Cokere's denial persisted, with her maintaining a low profile after the affair.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Connections
|
||||
De Cokere connected to Nihoul as his girlfriend, sharing residence and finances linked to fraud and trafficking. Her role at G-Force tied to Louf's claims of Amsterdam prostitution. The X-Dossier noted her driving Louf to parties, linking to ASCO's vehicle use. Connections to Bouty and Martin came through Nihoul's circle. De Cokere's involvement in the network remained uncharged, with no direct evidence beyond Louf's testimony.[^1]
|
||||
De Cokere connected to Nihoul as his girlfriend, sharing residence and finances linked to fraud and trafficking. Her role at G-Force tied to Louf's claims of Amsterdam prostitution. The X-Dossier noted her driving Louf to parties, linking to ASCO's vehicle use. Connections to Bouty and Martin came through Nihoul's circle. De Cokere's involvement in the network remained uncharged, with no direct evidence beyond Louf's testimony.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
De Cokere's ties included shared business with Nihoul, with ASCO providing cover for payments. The investigation under Bourlet examined her role in logistics, but lack of evidence limited outcomes. De Cokere denied allegations, with no prosecution following the 2004 trial where Nihoul was convicted for association.[^1]
|
||||
De Cokere's ties included shared business with Nihoul, with ASCO providing cover for payments. The investigation under Bourlet examined her role in logistics, but lack of evidence limited outcomes. De Cokere denied allegations, with no prosecution following the 2004 trial where Nihoul was convicted for association.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
De Cokere's relationship with Nihoul involved shared interests in the nightclub scene, with G-Force as a hub for network activities. Louf's accounts in the X-Dossier detailed her presence at abuse events, corroborated by location and timing. De Cokere's role was peripheral, focused on Nihoul's operations.[^1]
|
||||
De Cokere's relationship with Nihoul involved shared interests in the nightclub scene, with G-Force as a hub for network activities. Louf's accounts in the X-Dossier detailed her presence at abuse events, corroborated by location and timing. De Cokere's role was peripheral, focused on Nihoul's operations.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Legal Outcome
|
||||
De Cokere faced no charges in the Dutroux affair, with no direct role in abductions. Her connection through Nihoul led to questioning, but no prosecution. The X-Dossier's allegations were not pursued, with De Cokere denying involvement. Post-trial, she remained out of the spotlight, with no legal repercussions documented.[^1]
|
||||
De Cokere faced no charges in the Dutroux affair, with no direct role in abductions. Her connection through Nihoul led to questioning, but no prosecution. The X-Dossier's allegations were not pursued, with De Cokere denying involvement. Post-trial, she remained out of the spotlight, with no legal repercussions documented.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
[^1]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. Sole source for the passages so cited; it spells her name De Cokere.
|
||||
[^2]: "Belgian pedophile case." United Press International, September 24, 1996. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1996/09/24/Belgian-pedophile-case/1297843537600/
|
||||
[^3]: "Notorious child rapist-murderer convicted." NBC News and Associated Press, June 17, 2004. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna5233011
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: "Belgian pedophile case." United Press International, September 24, 1996. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1996/09/24/Belgian-pedophile-case/1297843537600/
|
||||
[^2]: "Notorious child rapist-murderer convicted." NBC News and Associated Press, June 17, 2004. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna5233011
|
||||
[^3]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. It spells her name De Cokere.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -56,13 +56,13 @@ relations:
|
|||
with: "[[Ford Foundation]]"
|
||||
start: 1966
|
||||
role: "President"
|
||||
fn: 34
|
||||
fn: 36
|
||||
- type: relative_of
|
||||
with: "[[William P. Bundy]]"
|
||||
role: "brother"
|
||||
fn: 35
|
||||
fn: 37
|
||||
created: 2026-10-07
|
||||
updated: 2026-10-07
|
||||
updated: 2026-10-09
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
McGeorge Bundy served as Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs under [[John F. Kennedy]] and remained in that post under [[Lyndon B. Johnson]], chaired the interagency committee that reviewed [[CIA]] covert operations, and in 1966 became president of the [[Ford Foundation]].[^1][^2]
|
||||
|
|
@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ Bundy majored in mathematics at [[Yale University]] and returned to [[Harvard Un
|
|||
|
||||
### Harvard
|
||||
|
||||
Bundy began teaching government and world affairs at Harvard in 1949 and was named Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences in August 1953, at age 34.[^6][^3] [[Kai Bird]], Bundy's biographer, wrote that Harvard negotiated with the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] a policy under which the university would terminate the contracts of untenured scholars who refused to name names, would share information, sometimes from its confidential personnel files, with the FBI, and would use confidential FBI information to screen its employees.[^6]
|
||||
Bundy began teaching government and world affairs at Harvard in 1949 and was named Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences in August 1953, at age 34.[^3][^6] [[Kai Bird]], Bundy's biographer, wrote that Harvard negotiated with the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] a policy under which the university would terminate the contracts of untenured scholars who refused to name names, would share information, sometimes from its confidential personnel files, with the FBI, and would use confidential FBI information to screen its employees.[^6]
|
||||
|
||||
[[Sigmund Diamond]] stated in 1977 that in 1954, about three weeks after Bundy considered him for the post of Counsellor for Foreign Students and Dean of Special Students, the FBI asked him about his prior Communist Party membership and his associates, and that days later Bundy told him the appointment would be withdrawn if he refused to name names. Bundy responded that he was justified in withdrawing the recommendation because the post was administrative, and that only academic appointments "carried all the immunities of academic freedom."[^7] [[Robert Bellah]] wrote that in 1954 Bundy told him an "officer of the university" had informed Bundy of his political past, that he owed "complete candor," and that his fellowship would be cancelled if he failed to cooperate; the FBI then questioned Bellah, and he later declined a Harvard instructorship conditioned on his answering committees such as the [[House Un-American Activities Committee]].[^7] [[Leon Kamin]], subpoenaed by the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee under William Jenner and by [[Joseph McCarthy]]'s subcommittee, said Bundy urged him to name names and let him know that Bundy was in close contact with the FBI.[^7]
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -135,13 +135,15 @@ In 1965, after the Long Subcommittee hearings on mail covers raised concern at t
|
|||
|
||||
### Ford Foundation
|
||||
|
||||
[[John J. McCloy]] offered Bundy the Ford Foundation presidency on November 7, 1965, and Bundy reported the offer to Johnson the next day. In a memorandum of December 4, 1965, Bundy told Johnson that he had asked the Ford trustees to let him accept "on the understanding that I shall always be free to accept any special assignments from you," that [[Jay Stratton]], McCloy's successor, had agreed in the name of the trustees, and that he would stay in the White House through February 1966; McCloy, for the foundation, had accepted the delay on November 29.[^34] On November 13, 1965, Johnson asked Under Secretary of State [[Thomas C. Mann]] about "Bill Bundy to succeed his brother."[^35] The [[Harvard Crimson]] reported on November 15, 1965 that McCloy, the foundation's chairman, approached Bundy in Washington about succeeding [[Henry T. Heald]] as president beginning January 1.[^36]
|
||||
[[John J. McCloy]] offered Bundy the Ford Foundation presidency on November 7, 1965, and Bundy reported the offer to Johnson the next day. A report by Garnett D. Horner in the Washington Star of December 8, 1965 gave the presidency's salary as 75,000 dollars a year, against his White House salary of 28,500 dollars.[^34] In a memorandum of December 4, 1965, Bundy told Johnson that he had asked the Ford trustees to let him accept "on the understanding that I shall always be free to accept any special assignments from you," that [[Julius A. Stratton|Jay Stratton]], McCloy's successor, had agreed in the name of the trustees,[^35] and that he would stay in the White House through February 1966; McCloy, for the foundation, had accepted the delay on November 29.[^36] On November 13, 1965, Johnson asked Under Secretary of State [[Thomas C. Mann]] about "Bill Bundy to succeed his brother."[^37] The [[Harvard Crimson]] reported on November 15, 1965 that McCloy, the foundation's chairman, approached Bundy in Washington about succeeding [[Henry T. Heald]] as president beginning January 1.[^38]
|
||||
|
||||
In October 1966 the FBI learned that [[Martin Luther King Jr.]] had met with Bundy, "then Director of the Ford Foundation," and had received a tentative offer of a grant for the [[Southern Christian Leadership Conference]]. The FBI's Domestic Intelligence Division decided that if the foundation's officials were briefed on King's advisers "this might preclude any assistance being granted," and Hoover approved a plan to have a former FBI agent, then a vice-president of the [[Ford Motor Company]], approach Bundy. In a memorandum of October 26, 1966, [[Cartha DeLoach]] reported that Bundy had refused to talk with the former agent about King, saying he would only talk with a person having first-hand knowledge; Hoover wrote on the memorandum, "Yes. We would get no where with Bundy."[^37]
|
||||
In October 1966 the FBI learned that [[Martin Luther King Jr.]] had met with Bundy, "then Director of the Ford Foundation," and had received a tentative offer of a grant for the [[Southern Christian Leadership Conference]]. The FBI's Domestic Intelligence Division decided that if the foundation's officials were briefed on King's advisers "this might preclude any assistance being granted," and Hoover approved a plan to have a former FBI agent, then a vice-president of the [[Ford Motor Company]], approach Bundy. In a memorandum of October 26, 1966, [[Cartha DeLoach]] reported that Bundy had refused to talk with the former agent about King, saying he would only talk with a person having first-hand knowledge; Hoover wrote on the memorandum, "Yes. We would get no where with Bundy."[^39]
|
||||
|
||||
On September 23, 1966 Bundy wrote to Julius A. Stratton, then chairman of the board of trustees, that the foundation would make a grant of 7,000,000 dollars to the [[Congress for Cultural Freedom]] over six years. "It may raise a few eyebrows among those who know or think they know the previous financial history of the Congress," he wrote, "but it is the right thing to do at the right time."[^40] The foundation's annual report for 1966 records a grant of 1.5 million dollars in further support of the Congress, with a new board of trustees headed by [[Raymond Aron]].[^41]
|
||||
|
||||
### William P. Bundy
|
||||
|
||||
William P. Bundy, McGeorge Bundy's brother, was Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs in November 1965.[^38] He joined the Central Intelligence Agency's Office of National Estimates in 1951 as chief of staff and liaison to the National Security Council staff, and served on the board of directors of the Council on Foreign Relations from 1964 to 1972.[^39]
|
||||
William P. Bundy, McGeorge Bundy's brother, was Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs in November 1965.[^42] He joined the Central Intelligence Agency's Office of National Estimates in 1951 as chief of staff and liaison to the National Security Council staff, and served on the board of directors of the Council on Foreign Relations from 1964 to 1972.[^43]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -178,9 +180,13 @@ William P. Bundy, McGeorge Bundy's brother, was Assistant Secretary of State for
|
|||
[^31]: Senate Select Committee, *Final Report*, Book III, *Supplementary Detailed Staff Reports on Intelligence Activities and the Rights of Americans*, S. Rept. 94-755 (1976), p. 465 (Hoover to Bundy, July 25, 1961, enclosing Interdepartmental Intelligence Conference report), https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/94755_III.pdf
|
||||
[^32]: Senate Select Committee, *Final Report*, Book III, S. Rept. 94-755 (1976), p. 483 (April 1965 request and Hoover's account), https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/94755_III.pdf
|
||||
[^33]: Senate Select Committee, *Final Report*, Book III, S. Rept. 94-755 (1976), chapter on CIA mail opening, section "1965 Proposal to Inform President Johnson" (citing Karamessines testimony of October 8, 1975 and a staff summary of a Bundy interview of April 19, 1976), https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/94755_III.pdf
|
||||
[^34]: Memorandum from Bundy to President Johnson, "Letter of resignation," December 4, 1965, *Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968*, vol. XXXIII, doc. 159, https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v33/d159
|
||||
[^35]: Memorandum of telephone conversation between President Johnson and Under Secretary of State Mann, November 13, 1965, 12:15 p.m., *Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968*, vol. XXXIII, doc. 157, https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v33/d157
|
||||
[^36]: "Bundy, Bell Up for Key Posts," *The Harvard Crimson*, November 15, 1965, https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1965/11/15/bundy-bell-up-for-key-posts/
|
||||
[^37]: Senate Select Committee, *Final Report*, Book III, S. Rept. 94-755 (1976), p. 178 (October 1966 FBI plan concerning a Ford Foundation grant to the Southern Christian Leadership Conference; DeLoach memorandum of October 26, 1966), https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/94755_III.pdf
|
||||
[^38]: Memorandum from Gordon Chase to Bundy, "World Disarmament Conference," November 20, 1965, footnote identifying "your brother William Bundy, Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs," *Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968*, vol. XXXIII, doc. 373, https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v33/d373
|
||||
[^39]: William P. Bundy Papers (MC189), Biography/History, Public Policy Papers, Princeton University Library, https://findingaids.library.upenn.edu/records/PRIN_MUDD_MC189
|
||||
[^34]: Garnett D. Horner, Star staff writer, Washington Star, December 8, 1965, on Johnson's acceptance of Bundy's resignation effective February 28, 1966 and Bundy's move to the Ford Foundation presidency at $75,000 a year, against his $28,500 White House salary (CIA Reading Room document CIA-RDP75-00149R000100560005-8). https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp75-00149r000100560005-8
|
||||
[^35]: Ford Foundation, "Annual Report 1965," opening review (McCloy retiring December 31, 1965; Julius A. Stratton, president of MIT and a trustee since 1955, elected chairman) https://www.fordfoundation.org/media/2435/1965-annual-report.pdf; Langenkamp, note 67 (Julius A. Stratton, chair of the Board of Trustees, September 23, 1966); FRUS 1964-1968, vol. XXXIII, document 159 (December 4, 1965, "his successor, Jay Stratton"). https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v33/d159
|
||||
[^36]: Memorandum from Bundy to President Johnson, "Letter of resignation," December 4, 1965, *Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968*, vol. XXXIII, doc. 159, https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v33/d159
|
||||
[^37]: Memorandum of telephone conversation between President Johnson and Under Secretary of State Mann, November 13, 1965, 12:15 p.m., *Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968*, vol. XXXIII, doc. 157, https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v33/d157
|
||||
[^38]: "Bundy, Bell Up for Key Posts," *The Harvard Crimson*, November 15, 1965, https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1965/11/15/bundy-bell-up-for-key-posts/
|
||||
[^39]: Senate Select Committee, *Final Report*, Book III, S. Rept. 94-755 (1976), p. 178 (October 1966 FBI plan concerning a Ford Foundation grant to the Southern Christian Leadership Conference; DeLoach memorandum of October 26, 1966), https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/94755_III.pdf
|
||||
[^40]: Langenkamp, "A Most Interesting and Complex Involvement," Rockefeller Archive Center Research Reports (2021), p. 15 and note 67, citing Bundy to Julius A. Stratton, chair of the Board of Trustees, September 23, 1966 (Rockefeller Archive Center, Francis X. Sutton Papers, FA1141, Box 50, Folder 465). https://rockarch.issuelab.org/resources/38323/38323.pdf
|
||||
[^41]: Ford Foundation, "Annual Report 1966" (fiscal year ended September 30, 1966), International Affairs section, p. 34. https://www.fordfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/1966-annual-report.pdf
|
||||
[^42]: Memorandum from Gordon Chase to Bundy, "World Disarmament Conference," November 20, 1965, footnote identifying "your brother William Bundy, Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs," *Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964-1968*, vol. XXXIII, doc. 373, https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v33/d373
|
||||
[^43]: William P. Bundy Papers (MC189), Biography/History, Public Policy Papers, Princeton University Library, https://findingaids.library.upenn.edu/records/PRIN_MUDD_MC189
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ created: 2026-04-28
|
|||
updated: 2026-10-09
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Michel Bourlet was the procureur du Roi (King's prosecutor) at Neufchâteau during the investigation of [[Marc Dutroux]] opened after the abduction of [[Laetitia Delhez]] in August 1996, and worked the file alongside the investigating judge [[Jean-Marc Connerotte]]. The parliamentary commission noted that Bourlet and Connerotte had preferred, in the past and at the time, to work directly with the investigators rather than through the command of the investigation unit.[^1]
|
||||
Michel Bourlet was the procureur du Roi (King's prosecutor) at Neufchâteau during the investigation of [[Marc Dutroux]] opened after the abduction of a 14-year-old girl in August 1996, and worked the file alongside the investigating judge [[Jean-Marc Connerotte]]. The parliamentary commission noted that Bourlet and Connerotte had preferred, in the past and at the time, to work directly with the investigators rather than through the command of the investigation unit.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
After Connerotte's replacement by [[Jacques Langlois]] in October 1996, the families of the missing children continued to meet Bourlet, whom they trusted, rather than Langlois. On October 24, 1997, [[Anne Thily]], prosecutor-general at the court of appeal in Liège, wrote to Bourlet in a letter marked "personal and confidential" asking him to stop all contact with the press and, temporarily, with the parents of the missing children except on the parts of the files concerning them; the commission found that the families were thereby partly deprived of information on the investigation.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ In January 1998, amid a press campaign against the witness X1, [[Regina Louf]],
|
|||
|
||||
### The X-Dossier
|
||||
|
||||
According to S. Dovey, Bourlet led the team that examined the testimony of eight X-witnesses who came forward after Connerotte's appeal, compiled as the [[X-Dossier]]. It concerned orgies, hunts and murders at villas in [[Knokke-Heist]] near the [[Royal Zoute Golf Club]], at the brothel of X1's grandmother [[Cecile Beernaert]] at Elizabetlaan 83, behind Golfpad 4, frequented by [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]] and the Lippens family, in the Ardennes, and at the estates of [[Baron Benoit de Bonvoisin]], [[Count Leopold Lippens]] and [[Count Maurice Auguste Lippens]], and snuff films at the [[ASCO Industries NV]] factory owned by [[Roger Boas]]. The team matched X1's account of "Chrissie" to the 1984 murder of [[Christine Van Hees]], which she described as committed by Dutroux, [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]], [[Bernard Weinstein]] and the lawyer [[Michel Vander Elst]], and her account of "Clo," traced through a school yearbook, to the 1983 death of [[Carine Dellaert]], found in a septic tank, whose autopsy found laminaria sticks and gauze; X1 described a childbirth and a gang rape involving Nihoul, [[Jean-Paul Dumont]] and Leopold Lippens. X2 named de Bonvoisin, Dumont and Lippens at sadomasochistic events near Chimay and described orgies at the Mirano club with Princes Philippe and Laurent; X3 described abuse at the castles of Prince Charles, King Baudouin and King Albert between 1950 and 1962; X4 identified X1's friends in pornographic films. The team examined the 1991 disappearance of [[Katrien de Cuyper]] and the X-Kiss studio in Antwerp, linked to Zandvoort through [[Gerrit-Jan Ulrich]] and [[Robbie Van Der Plancken]]; a list by Serge Heylens naming [[Beat Meier]], [[Edward Brongersma]] and [[Philippe Carpentier]] of [[CRIES]]; Dumont's representation of CRIES, whose members used basements of [[UNICEF]] for filming, with links through [[Joseph Douce]] and [[Michel Caignet]]'s [[Gaie France]] to [[Spartacus International]]; hierarchies involving [[Paul Martens]] and Christian Social Party politicians backed by the [[Societe Generale de Banque]]; and the [[Abrasax Institute]], raided after a note signed "Anubis" was found in Weinstein's cabin, which included police members. Chantal Storme corroborated X1's account of the brothel. The investigation also found more than twenty calls between Dutroux and Nihoul around Laetitia's abduction, financial trails to accounts in Europe, and violent pornographic tapes at Nihoul's home.[^3]
|
||||
According to S. Dovey, Bourlet led the team that examined the testimony of eight X-witnesses who came forward after Connerotte's appeal, compiled as the [[X-Dossier]]. It concerned orgies, hunts and murders at villas in [[Knokke-Heist]] near the [[Royal Zoute Golf Club]], at the brothel of X1's grandmother [[Cecile Beernaert]] in Knokke, frequented by [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]] and the Lippens family, in the Ardennes, and at the estates of [[Baron Benoit de Bonvoisin]], [[Count Leopold Lippens]] and [[Count Maurice Auguste Lippens]], and snuff films at the [[ASCO Industries NV]] factory owned by [[Roger Boas]]. The team matched X1's account of "Chrissie" to the 1984 murder of [[Christine Van Hees]], which she described as committed by Dutroux, [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]], [[Bernard Weinstein]] and the lawyer [[Michel Vander Elst]], and her account of "Clo," traced through a school yearbook, to the 1983 death of [[Carine Dellaert]], found in a septic tank, whose autopsy found laminaria sticks and gauze; X1 described a childbirth and a gang rape involving Nihoul, [[Jean-Paul Dumont]] and Leopold Lippens. X2 named de Bonvoisin, Dumont and Lippens at sadomasochistic events near Chimay and described orgies at the Mirano club with Princes Philippe and Laurent; X3 described abuse at the castles of Prince Charles, King Baudouin and King Albert between 1950 and 1962; X4 identified X1's friends in pornographic films. The team examined the 1991 disappearance of [[Katrien de Cuyper]] and the X-Kiss studio in Antwerp, linked to Zandvoort through [[Gerrit-Jan Ulrich]] and [[Robbie Van Der Plancken]]; a list by Serge Heylens naming [[Beat Meier]], [[Edward Brongersma]] and [[Philippe Carpentier]] of [[CRIES]]; Dumont's representation of CRIES, whose members used basements of [[UNICEF]] for filming, with links through [[Joseph Douce]] and [[Michel Caignet]]'s [[Gaie France]] to [[Spartacus International]]; hierarchies involving [[Paul Martens]] and Christian Social Party politicians backed by the [[Societe Generale de Banque]]; and the [[Abrasax Institute]], raided after a note signed "Anubis" was found in Weinstein's cabin, which included police members. A childhood friend of X1 corroborated her account of the brothel. The investigation also found more than twenty calls between Dutroux and Nihoul around the August 9 abduction, financial trails to accounts in Europe, and violent pornographic tapes at Nihoul's home.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
Dovey wrote that Bourlet's team was replaced in 1997 after accusations that it had fed details to X1, and that investigators were charged and cleared in 1999. The dossier was leaked to Flemish journalists and published in 1999 as *De X-dossiers,* and King Albert sued in 2001. A summary of 1,235 pages, prepared for the 2004 trial, described 300 violent tapes from Nihoul's home, some with members of the elite, and was leaked through WikiLeaks in 2009. More than twenty witnesses died during the investigation, among them [[Gina Pardaens-Bernaer]], who had identified Dutroux-linked material on [[Apollo Disks]], and Hubert Massa, by suicide in 1998. The accused were linked to [[Operation Gladio]] networks, and [[Melchior Wathelet]] sat on the European Court of Justice. The 2004 trial did not hear the X-witnesses; Bourlet criticized the acquittals and called for cases such as Dellaert's to be reopened.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ tags:
|
|||
summary: "Michel Forgeot founded Achats Services Commerces (ASCO), a company involved in fraud and vehicle supply during the 1990s."
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Michel Forgeot founded [[Achats Services Commerces]] (ASCO), a company involved in fraud and vehicle supply during the 1990s. ASCO, under Forgeot's founding, provided white Mercedes vans used by [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]] and [[Marc Dutroux]] for photographing schoolgirls and transporting victims in the child trafficking network. The company, registered in Charleroi, served as a front for Nihoul's schemes, with vans adapted for abductions, including the one used in [[Laetitia Delhez]]'s August 9, 1996, kidnapping, traced by partial license plate PBX 688. Forgeot's role as founder included overseeing early operations, with the company facilitating the use of vehicles for surveillance and transport. Police investigations post-Dutroux's August 1996 arrest linked ASCO vans to the kidnappings of Delhez and [[Sabine Dardenne]], leading to raids on ASCO premises uncovering financial records of payments to Dutroux. Forgeot was not directly charged in the Dutroux affair but was questioned during Nihoul's fraud probes, confirming the company's role in providing vehicles for non-business purposes.[^1]
|
||||
Michel Forgeot founded [[Achats Services Commerces]] (ASCO), a company involved in fraud and vehicle supply during the 1990s. ASCO, under Forgeot's founding, provided white Mercedes vans used by [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]] and [[Marc Dutroux]] for photographing schoolgirls and transporting victims in the child trafficking network. The company, registered in Charleroi, served as a front for Nihoul's schemes, with vans adapted for abductions, including the one used in the August 9, 1996, kidnapping of a 14-year-old girl, traced by partial license plate PBX 688. Forgeot's role as founder included overseeing early operations, with the company facilitating the use of vehicles for surveillance and transport. Police investigations post-Dutroux's August 1996 arrest linked ASCO vans to the kidnappings of two girls aged 14 and 12, leading to raids on ASCO premises uncovering financial records of payments to Dutroux. Forgeot was not directly charged in the Dutroux affair but was questioned during Nihoul's fraud probes, confirming the company's role in providing vehicles for non-business purposes.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Forgeot's founding of ASCO positioned the company as a key logistical element in the network, with white vans loaned to Dutroux for tasks including circling schools to select victims. The vehicles were ordinary for business but equipped for kidnappings with tinted windows and sedatives. Forgeot's oversight included administrative aspects that masked the fraud, including inflated invoices for money laundering. His involvement came under scrutiny during the investigation, with ASCO's bankruptcy following arrests. Forgeot's testimony or statements, if any, were not central, but the company's vehicles were pivotal evidence in linking the business to the trafficking. The investigation revealed ASCO's role in funneling funds from child sales and pornography tapes through the company, with Forgeot as the founder bearing responsibility for its establishment.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Forgeot's early role in ASCO included setting up the company as a cover for Nihoul's operations, with the fleet used for both legitimate purchases and illicit transport. The white van from Delhez's abduction was traced to ASCO, leading to the company's downfall. Forgeot's founding position made him a target in the probe, though his direct involvement in abductions remained unclear. The company's location in Charleroi placed it near Dutroux's residence, facilitating the arrangement. Forgeot's name surfaced in financial trails showing transfers to Dutroux's accounts for vehicle use beyond normal business.[^1]
|
||||
Forgeot's early role in ASCO included setting up the company as a cover for Nihoul's operations, with the fleet used for both legitimate purchases and illicit transport. The white van from the August 9 abduction was traced to ASCO, leading to the company's downfall. Forgeot's founding position made him a target in the probe, though his direct involvement in abductions remained unclear. The company's location in Charleroi placed it near Dutroux's residence, facilitating the arrangement. Forgeot's name surfaced in financial trails showing transfers to Dutroux's accounts for vehicle use beyond normal business.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### ASCO Founding and Operations
|
||||
Forgeot established ASCO in the early 1990s, with the company engaging in car sales and services that provided the white vans central to the Dutroux abductions. The vans were registered under ASCO, loaned to Dutroux for surveillance and kidnappings, including the May 26 abduction of Sabine Dardenne and the August 9 seizure of Laetitia Delhez. Police seized documents from ASCO showing vehicle assignments to Dutroux, confirming the logistical role. Forgeot's founding included setting up the fraud scheme with inflated invoices to launder money from the network. The company's operations masked payments for child supplies, with financial records revealing the extent of the laundering.[^1]
|
||||
Forgeot established ASCO in the early 1990s, with the company engaging in car sales and services that provided the white vans central to the Dutroux abductions. The vans were registered under ASCO, loaned to Dutroux for surveillance and kidnappings, including the May 26 abduction of a 12-year-old girl and the August 9 seizure of a 14-year-old girl. Police seized documents from ASCO showing vehicle assignments to Dutroux, confirming the logistical role. Forgeot's founding included setting up the fraud scheme with inflated invoices to launder money from the network. The company's operations masked payments for child supplies, with financial records revealing the extent of the laundering.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Under Forgeot's founding, ASCO's vans were used in operations coordinated by Nihoul, with the fleet adapted for discreet transport. The investigation under [[Jean-Marc Connerotte]] examined ASCO's records, uncovering the scheme. Forgeot's role as founder highlighted the business front's importance in the network, with vehicles key in the timeline of kidnappings. His establishment of ASCO enabled the logistical support for the crimes, with the company serving as a conduit for illicit funds.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -15,10 +15,17 @@ tags:
|
|||
- SouthAfrica
|
||||
- Israel
|
||||
- NuclearWeapons
|
||||
summary: "P.W. Botha (1916-2006), South African Prime Minister (1978-1984) and State President (1984-1989), forged a covert wartime alliance with Israel and, after the 1979 VELA detection, publicly hinted at nuclear weapons capability."
|
||||
summary: "P.W. Botha (1916-2006), South African Prime Minister (1978-1984) and State President (1984-1989), forged a covert wartime alliance with Israel and, in 1979 told his party's congress that South Africa had weapons not known about."
|
||||
born: 1916-01-12
|
||||
died: 2006-10-31
|
||||
location: "Paul Roux, Orange Free State, South Africa"
|
||||
relations:
|
||||
- type: subject_of
|
||||
with: "[[VELA Satellite]]"
|
||||
role: "prime minister whose September 25, 1979 statement about unknown weapons drew comment from the U.S. embassy"
|
||||
start: 1979-09-25
|
||||
end: 1979-10-26
|
||||
fn: 4
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
P.W. Botha served as Prime Minister of [[South Africa]] from 1978 to 1984 and as State President from 1984 to 1989. He had also served as Defense Minister and played a key role in developing South Africa's military and nuclear capabilities.[^1]
|
||||
|
|
@ -31,10 +38,13 @@ Minutes of 1975 meetings between Botha and [[Shimon Peres]], reported by the [[M
|
|||
|
||||
### VELA Incident (1979)
|
||||
|
||||
On September 25, 1979, three days after a [[VELA Satellite]] recorded probable evidence of a nuclear explosion over the South Indian Ocean, Botha warned the Cape National Party congress that South Africa had and could produce sufficient arms to counter terrorism. He hinted that they might have military weapons that others did not know about, suggesting that South Africa and its Israeli partners had successfully conducted a secret nuclear test.[^3]
|
||||
On September 25, 1979, three days after a [[VELA Satellite]] recorded a double flash from a region that included the southern Atlantic and Indian Oceans, Botha warned the Cape National Party congress that South Africa had and could produce sufficient arms to counter terrorism. He hinted that they might have military weapons that others did not know about, which [[Seymour Hersh]] wrote suggested that South Africa and its Israeli partners had successfully conducted a secret nuclear test.[^3]
|
||||
|
||||
A telegram from the American embassy in Pretoria dated October 26, 1979 recorded Botha's statement to the Cape National Party congress on September 25 "that South Africa had weapons to fight terrorism and that if anyone thought of trying something else, they might find that South Africa had weapons that are not known about." The ambassador wrote that he had asked Foreign Affairs Secretary [[Brand Fourie]] about the statement on September 27, and that Foreign Minister [[Pik Botha]] interjected on October 26 that the prime minister was referring to conventional weapons. The ambassador replied that there had been "media speculation at the time that P.W. was possibly hinting at nuclear weapons (speculation which was not specifically scotched subsequently)." The telegram records Pik Botha as saying that he had spoken to the prime minister by telephone.[^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network*. Sheridan Square Press, 1992 (TrineDay reprint, 2015).
|
||||
[^2]: Chris McGreal, "Revealed: How Israel offered to sell SA nuclear weapons," *Mail & Guardian*, May 24, 2010. https://mg.co.za/article/2010-05-24-revealed-how-israel-offered-to-sell-sa-nuclear-weapons
|
||||
[^3]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy*. Random House, 1991. Chapter 20.
|
||||
[^4]: Telegram from the Embassy in South Africa to the Department of State, October 26, 1979, "Suspected Nuclear Event: Talk With South African Foreign Minister," Foreign Relations of the United States, 1977-1980, vol. XVI, Southern Africa, Document 366, paragraphs 7 and 8. https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1977-80v16/d366
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ aliases:
|
|||
- Dick Bissell
|
||||
- Richard Bissell Jr.
|
||||
created: 2026-05-15
|
||||
updated: 2026-10-05
|
||||
updated: 2026-10-09
|
||||
category: "Intelligence & Government"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
|
|
@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ relations:
|
|||
start: 1958
|
||||
end: 1962-02
|
||||
role: "senior CIA representative of the CIA-Air Force photosatellite project"
|
||||
fn: 2
|
||||
fn: 5
|
||||
- type: participant_in
|
||||
with: "[[Operation PBSUCCESS]]"
|
||||
start: 1954
|
||||
|
|
@ -70,27 +70,33 @@ relations:
|
|||
start: 1960
|
||||
end: 1961-04
|
||||
role: "Deputy Director for Plans responsible for the CIA operation"
|
||||
fn: 4
|
||||
fn: 7
|
||||
- type: participant_in
|
||||
with: "[[ZR RIFLE]]"
|
||||
start: 1960
|
||||
end: 1962-02
|
||||
role: "DDP under whom the Executive Action capability was established"
|
||||
fn: 3
|
||||
fn: 2
|
||||
- type: participant_in
|
||||
with: "[[Church Committee]]"
|
||||
start: 1975-06-09
|
||||
end: 1975-09-10
|
||||
role: "testified June 9, June 11, July 17, July 22 and September 10, 1975"
|
||||
fn: 2
|
||||
- type: employed_by
|
||||
with: "[[Ford Foundation]]"
|
||||
start: 1952-01
|
||||
end: 1954
|
||||
role: "staff member from January 1952; described as a consultant by Langenkamp"
|
||||
fn: 3
|
||||
---
|
||||
Richard Mervin Bissell Jr. (September 18, 1909 to February 7, 1994) was an economist who joined the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] in January 1954 and became its Deputy Director for Plans (DDP), head of the clandestine service, on January 1, 1959. Until his resignation on February 17, 1962 he also kept personal control of the [[U-2 Spy Plane|U-2]] overflight program, the first photographic reconnaissance satellite project, and the design of the OXCART aircraft. Under him the agency organized the 1961 [[Bay of Pigs]] operation and, in 1960, made the first preparations in the [[Patrice Lumumba|Lumumba]] and [[Fidel Castro|Castro]] assassination plots later examined by the [[Church Committee]].[^1][^3]
|
||||
Richard Mervin Bissell Jr. (September 18, 1909 to February 7, 1994) was an economist who joined the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] in January 1954 and became its Deputy Director for Plans (DDP), head of the clandestine service, on January 1, 1959. Until his resignation on February 17, 1962 he also kept personal control of the [[U-2 Spy Plane|U-2]] overflight program, the first photographic reconnaissance satellite project, and the design of the OXCART aircraft. Under him the agency organized the 1961 [[Bay of Pigs]] operation and, in 1960, made the first preparations in the [[Patrice Lumumba|Lumumba]] and [[Fidel Castro|Castro]] assassination plots later examined by the [[Church Committee]].[^1][^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Education and early career
|
||||
|
||||
The CIA's official history of the U-2 program describes Bissell as a graduate of Groton and [[Yale University]] who studied at the [[London School of Economics]] for a year and took a doctorate at Yale in 1939. He taught economics at Yale and, from 1942, at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]], where he became a full professor in 1948. During [[World War II]] he managed American shipping as executive officer of the Combined Shipping Adjustment Board; after the war he was deputy director of the [[Marshall Plan]] from 1948 until the end of 1951, when he joined the staff of the [[Ford Foundation]].[^1]
|
||||
The CIA's official history of the U-2 program describes Bissell as a graduate of Groton and [[Yale University]] who studied at the [[London School of Economics]] for a year and took a doctorate at Yale in 1939. He taught economics at Yale and, from 1942, at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]], where he became a full professor in 1948. During [[World War II]] he managed American shipping as executive officer of the Combined Shipping Adjustment Board; after the war he was deputy director of the [[Marshall Plan]] from 1948 until the end of 1951. The Eisenhower Presidential Library's finding aid for his papers states that he joined the Ford Foundation staff in January 1952 after leaving the Economic Cooperation Administration (later the Mutual Security Agency) and resigned in 1954, and Langenkamp describes him as a consultant to the [[Ford Foundation]] who left in 1954 to become special assistant to [[Allen Dulles]].[^1][^3][^4]
|
||||
|
||||
His first association with the agency came in late 1953 with a contract study of how the United States might respond to a rising in the Soviet bloc like the East Berlin riots of June 1953. He concluded, in his later words, that "very little could be done" by clandestine operations against the bloc, a view the CIA historians say made him a leading advocate of technical rather than human collection. He joined the agency in late January 1954 as Special Assistant to the Director of Central Intelligence, [[Allen Dulles]], for Planning and Coordination, and was soon occupied with coordination for the operation against Guatemalan President [[Jacobo Arbenz]] ([[Operation PBSUCCESS]]).[^1]
|
||||
His first association with the agency came in late 1953 with a contract study of how the United States might respond to a rising in the Soviet bloc like the East Berlin riots of June 1953. He concluded, in his later words, that "very little could be done" by clandestine operations against the bloc, a view the CIA historians say made him a leading advocate of technical rather than human collection. He joined the agency in late January 1954 as Special Assistant to the Director of Central Intelligence, Allen Dulles, for Planning and Coordination, and was soon occupied with coordination for the operation against Guatemalan President [[Jacobo Arbenz]] ([[Operation PBSUCCESS]]).[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### The U-2 and the Development Projects Staff
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -98,42 +104,44 @@ On November 26, 1954 Dulles told Bissell that [[Dwight D. Eisenhower|Eisenhower]
|
|||
|
||||
The first flights over the Soviet Union began on Wednesday, July 4, 1956 (a June 20, 1956 mission had covered Poland and East Germany). Bissell gave the "Go" decision at the project headquarters just before midnight Washington time on July 3. When Dulles asked on July 5 whether the overflights of Moscow and Leningrad had been wise the first time, Bissell replied: "Allen, the first is the safest." The program continued, with Bissell bringing maps of proposed routes to Eisenhower in the Oval Office, until [[Francis Gary Powers]] was shot down near Sverdlovsk on May 1, 1960; the Paris summit that opened on May 16 ended when Eisenhower refused [[Nikita Khrushchev]]'s demand for an apology.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
Bissell became DDP on January 1, 1959 and on February 16, 1959 turned the Development Projects Staff into a division of the Directorate of Plans, placing all agency air activities under himself; the history states he kept personal control of the U-2, the photosatellite project and OXCART. [[Edwin Land]] and [[James Killian]], his supporters among the presidential science advisers, came to fear he was too involved in covert action to give the reconnaissance programs enough time. The CIA's CORONA history names him the "recognized leader of the early CORONA program" and the senior CIA representative beside Air Force Brigadier General Osmond Ritland; Bissell recalled learning of his role "in an odd and informal way" from Land in 1958, and the first successful recovery, of mission 9009 (DISCOVERER XIV), came on August 19, 1960.[^1][^2]
|
||||
Bissell became DDP on January 1, 1959 and on February 16, 1959 turned the Development Projects Staff into a division of the Directorate of Plans, placing all agency air activities under himself; the history states he kept personal control of the U-2, the photosatellite project and OXCART. [[Edwin Land]] and [[James Killian]], his supporters among the presidential science advisers, came to fear he was too involved in covert action to give the reconnaissance programs enough time. The CIA's CORONA history names him the "recognized leader of the early CORONA program" and the senior CIA representative beside Air Force Brigadier General Osmond Ritland; Bissell recalled learning of his role "in an odd and informal way" from Land in 1958, and the first successful recovery, of mission 9009 (DISCOVERER XIV), came on August 19, 1960.[^1][^5]
|
||||
|
||||
### Congo, 1960
|
||||
|
||||
According to the Church Committee's interim report, DDP Bissell in the summer of 1960 asked the Chief of the Africa Division, [[Bronson Tweedy]], to explore the feasibility of assassinating Lumumba, and asked a CIA scientist given the pseudonym Joseph Scheider, then Special Assistant to the DDP for Scientific Matters, to prepare to assassinate or incapacitate an unspecified "African leader." Scheider testified that Bissell told him he "had direction from the highest authority" and that he understood this to mean the President. Scheider reviewed a list of materials at the Army Chemical Corps installation at [[Fort Detrick]], chose one that "was supposed to produce a disease" indigenous to the region, and in late September delivered the lethal substances to the CIA station officer in Leopoldville with instructions to assassinate Lumumba.[^3]
|
||||
According to the Church Committee's interim report, DDP Bissell in the summer of 1960 asked the Chief of the Africa Division, [[Bronson Tweedy]], to explore the feasibility of assassinating Lumumba, and asked a CIA scientist given the pseudonym Joseph Scheider, then Special Assistant to the DDP for Scientific Matters, to prepare to assassinate or incapacitate an unspecified "African leader." Scheider testified that Bissell told him he "had direction from the highest authority" and that he understood this to mean the President. Scheider reviewed a list of materials at the Army Chemical Corps installation at [[Fort Detrick]], chose one that "was supposed to produce a disease" indigenous to the region, and in late September delivered the lethal substances to the CIA station officer in Leopoldville with instructions to assassinate Lumumba.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
On August 19, 1960 Bissell signed a cable to Leopoldville stating "You are authorized proceed with operation," and on September 19 Bissell and Tweedy sent the station a cryptic message through a restricted channel. Bissell testified that it was "entirely probable" he discussed the assassination with Tweedy and "very probable" he discussed it with Scheider, that he "most certainly" approved the cables, and that his belief in presidential authorization "has to be described as inference." He read the Special Group minutes of August 25 as meaning that "if it had to be assassination, that that was a permissible means." He told the committee the August 26 cable from Dulles was, in his belief, a circumlocution for the President's wish that Lumumba be killed.[^3]
|
||||
On August 19, 1960 Bissell signed a cable to Leopoldville stating "You are authorized proceed with operation," and on September 19 Bissell and Tweedy sent the station a cryptic message through a restricted channel. Bissell testified that it was "entirely probable" he discussed the assassination with Tweedy and "very probable" he discussed it with Scheider, that he "most certainly" approved the cables, and that his belief in presidential authorization "has to be described as inference." He read the Special Group minutes of August 25 as meaning that "if it had to be assassination, that that was a permissible means." He told the committee the August 26 cable from Dulles was, in his belief, a circumlocution for the President's wish that Lumumba be killed.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
A July 1981 clipping in the CIA's reading room from the London *Daily Telegraph* reported that Madeleine Kalb's *The Congo Cables*, then about to be published, named the scientist who brought the poison kit to the Congo as [[Sidney Gottlieb]], "the CIA's top scientist at the time"; a separate clipping in the same collection describes Gottlieb as head of the agency's [[Technical Services Division]], which, the clipping says, ran the drug experiments of the [[MKULTRA]] program and stored toxins. The Church report's description of Scheider's post as Bissell's science adviser is the record connecting the DDP's office to that division.[^3][^6]
|
||||
A July 1981 clipping in the CIA's reading room from the London *Daily Telegraph* reported that Madeleine Kalb's *The Congo Cables*, then about to be published, named the scientist who brought the poison kit to the Congo as [[Sidney Gottlieb]], "the CIA's top scientist at the time"; a separate clipping in the same collection describes Gottlieb as head of the agency's [[Technical Services Division]], which, the clipping says, ran the drug experiments of the [[MKULTRA]] program and stored toxins. The Church report's description of Scheider's post as Bissell's science adviser is the record connecting the DDP's office to that division.[^2][^6]
|
||||
|
||||
### Castro, the Office of Security and ZR/RIFLE
|
||||
|
||||
The Church Committee found the earliest concrete evidence of the CIA's gambling-syndicate plot against Castro in a conversation between Bissell and Colonel [[Sheffield Edwards]], Director of the Office of Security, which the Inspector General placed in August 1960 and Bissell remembered as late summer or early autumn. Bissell testified that he asked Edwards to find someone to assassinate Castro and believed Edwards raised the idea of contacting members of a gambling syndicate; Edwards assigned the task to the chief of the Office of Security's Operational Support Division (the "Support Chief" of the report), who engaged [[Robert Maheu]], who recruited [[Johnny Roselli]], who in turn brought in "Sam Gold" ([[Sam Giancana]]). Edwards told Bissell contact had been made. On October 18, 1960 [[J. Edgar Hoover]] sent Bissell a memorandum reporting that Giancana had told friends Castro would be "done away with very shortly," in November. The Support Chief testified that Colonel [[J. C. King]] gave $50,000 in Bissell's office to be paid to a Cuban contact for the assassination and that Bissell authorized the delivery of communications equipment; Bissell did not recall the meeting and considered it unlikely, though he knew poison pills had been prepared. The Inspector General placed the money passed at $10,000.[^3]
|
||||
The Church Committee found the earliest concrete evidence of the CIA's gambling-syndicate plot against Castro in a conversation between Bissell and Colonel [[Sheffield Edwards]], Director of the Office of Security, which the Inspector General placed in August 1960 and Bissell remembered as late summer or early autumn. Bissell testified that he asked Edwards to find someone to assassinate Castro and believed Edwards raised the idea of contacting members of a gambling syndicate; Edwards assigned the task to the chief of the Office of Security's Operational Support Division (the "Support Chief" of the report), who engaged [[Robert Maheu]], who recruited [[Johnny Roselli]], who in turn brought in "Sam Gold" ([[Sam Giancana]]). Edwards told Bissell contact had been made. On October 18, 1960 [[J. Edgar Hoover]] sent Bissell a memorandum reporting that Giancana had told friends Castro would be "done away with very shortly," in November. The Support Chief testified that Colonel [[J. C. King]] gave $50,000 in Bissell's office to be paid to a Cuban contact for the assassination and that Bissell authorized the delivery of communications equipment; Bissell did not recall the meeting and considered it unlikely, though he knew poison pills had been prepared. The Inspector General placed the money passed at $10,000.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
In early 1961, per Bissell's own account, [[William Harvey]] was assigned responsibility for a general capability within the CIA for disabling foreign leaders, with assassination as a last resort, called Executive Action and later covered by the cryptonym ZR/RIFLE. Bissell described it to the committee as "internal and purely preparatory" and said he was "quite certain" Dulles had full knowledge of it. Harvey's notes record that on November 16, 1961 Bissell asked him to take over the gambling-syndicate operation from Edwards and that they discussed the "application of ZR/RIFLE program to Cuba"; Bissell testified the operation was not reactivated until after he left in February 1962. Bissell and Harvey briefed [[Richard Helms]], who replaced him as DDP, and Bissell did not recall briefing [[John McCone]], who had succeeded Dulles as DCI; McCone testified he had no knowledge of the project. The committee records Bissell as DDP under McCone for three months, November 1961 to February 1962.[^3]
|
||||
In early 1961, per Bissell's own account, [[William Harvey]] was assigned responsibility for a general capability within the CIA for disabling foreign leaders, with assassination as a last resort, called Executive Action and later covered by the cryptonym ZR/RIFLE. Bissell described it to the committee as "internal and purely preparatory" and said he was "quite certain" Dulles had full knowledge of it. Harvey's notes record that on November 16, 1961 Bissell asked him to take over the gambling-syndicate operation from Edwards and that they discussed the "application of ZR/RIFLE program to Cuba"; Bissell testified the operation was not reactivated until after he left in February 1962. Bissell and Harvey briefed [[Richard Helms]], who replaced him as DDP, and Bissell did not recall briefing [[John McCone]], who had succeeded Dulles as DCI; McCone testified he had no knowledge of the project. The committee records Bissell as DDP under McCone for three months, November 1961 to February 1962.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Bay of Pigs
|
||||
|
||||
The CIA's official history of the Bay of Pigs operation records Bissell's direct involvement in the Guatemalan base arrangements. [[Jake Esterline]], Chief of WH/4, the Cuban task force, told the CIA historian [[Jack B. Pfeiffer]] that he went to Guatemala in 1960 "on specific instruction from Bissell and Dulles" to draw up a status-of-forces agreement with President Ydigoras; on November 14, 1960, when Ydigoras asked to borrow part of the Brigade to put down an uprising at Puerto Barrios, Bissell told Pfeiffer in 1975 that he was called at 2:30 in the morning and sent a cable saying "Yes" on his own responsibility because he did not think the decision should be left to the station. His Assistant DDP for Action was [[Tracy Barnes]].[^4]
|
||||
The CIA's official history of the Bay of Pigs operation records Bissell's direct involvement in the Guatemalan base arrangements. [[Jake Esterline]], Chief of WH/4, the Cuban task force, told the CIA historian [[Jack B. Pfeiffer]] that he went to Guatemala in 1960 "on specific instruction from Bissell and Dulles" to draw up a status-of-forces agreement with President Ydigoras; on November 14, 1960, when Ydigoras asked to borrow part of the Brigade to put down an uprising at Puerto Barrios, Bissell told Pfeiffer in 1975 that he was called at 2:30 in the morning and sent a cable saying "Yes" on his own responsibility because he did not think the decision should be left to the station. His Assistant DDP for Action was [[Tracy Barnes]].[^7]
|
||||
|
||||
The agency's post-mortems pitted Bissell's directorate against its Inspector General. The Inspector General's survey of October 1961 was transmitted on November 20, 1961 with a 150-page report and ten recommendations; the Deputy Director, General Cabell, called it deficient in a memorandum of December 15, 1961. An unsigned memorandum to the DCI of December 1, 1961 in the same file listed three factors to which the failure should be charged: the government's lack of recognition of the operation's scale, its failure to plan for using regular U.S. forces, and its unwillingness to commit the resources needed. The DDP's analysis of January 18, 1962 blamed factors outside the agency's control and the failure of the air drops on Cuban reception crews; an agency memorandum of January 26, 1962 replied that it was "preoccupied with interdepartmental policy-making and military strategy" while the survey was concerned with the failure to build internal resistance in Cuba, and that its discussion of Miami activities was inaccurate. The Taylor Committee's conclusion, summarized in an August 15, 1961 memorandum, was that the operation's leaders "did not always present their case with sufficient force and clarity to the senior officers of the government" particularly concerning the cancellation of the D-Day strikes. In his memorandum of February 15, 1962 Dulles wrote that the Inspector General had not requested information from him or from the DDP, that the Brigade had reached the landing area on schedule and with complete surprise, and that the failure to land ammunition and supplies "was due to circumstances beyond the control of the Brigade commander."[^5]
|
||||
The agency's post-mortems pitted Bissell's directorate against its Inspector General. The Inspector General's survey of October 1961 was transmitted on November 20, 1961 with a 150-page report and ten recommendations; the Deputy Director, General Cabell, called it deficient in a memorandum of December 15, 1961. An unsigned memorandum to the DCI of December 1, 1961 in the same file listed three factors to which the failure should be charged: the government's lack of recognition of the operation's scale, its failure to plan for using regular U.S. forces, and its unwillingness to commit the resources needed. The DDP's analysis of January 18, 1962 blamed factors outside the agency's control and the failure of the air drops on Cuban reception crews; an agency memorandum of January 26, 1962 replied that it was "preoccupied with interdepartmental policy-making and military strategy" while the survey was concerned with the failure to build internal resistance in Cuba, and that its discussion of Miami activities was inaccurate. The Taylor Committee's conclusion, summarized in an August 15, 1961 memorandum, was that the operation's leaders "did not always present their case with sufficient force and clarity to the senior officers of the government" particularly concerning the cancellation of the D-Day strikes. In his memorandum of February 15, 1962 Dulles wrote that the Inspector General had not requested information from him or from the DDP, that the Brigade had reached the landing area on schedule and with complete surprise, and that the failure to land ammunition and supplies "was due to circumstances beyond the control of the Brigade commander."[^8]
|
||||
|
||||
### Departure
|
||||
|
||||
The CIA's U-2 history states that the Bay of Pigs "discredited Bissell with the Kennedy administration," that Dulles resigned in November 1961, and that Killian and Land pressed for removing the overhead reconnaissance programs from the DDP into a science-oriented directorate, which Bissell resisted. He resigned on February 17, 1962 after refusing McCone's offer to become the CIA's first Deputy Director for Research, and the new directorate absorbed the Development Projects Division two days later. Helms succeeded him as DDP.[^1][^3]
|
||||
The CIA's U-2 history states that the Bay of Pigs "discredited Bissell with the Kennedy administration," that Dulles resigned in November 1961, and that Killian and Land pressed for removing the overhead reconnaissance programs from the DDP into a science-oriented directorate, which Bissell resisted. He resigned on February 17, 1962 after refusing McCone's offer to become the CIA's first Deputy Director for Research, and the new directorate absorbed the Development Projects Division two days later. Helms succeeded him as DDP.[^1][^2]
|
||||
|
||||
### Later life
|
||||
|
||||
After the CIA he worked at the [[Institute for Defense Analyses]] and in industry, and wrote *Reflections of a Cold Warrior: From Yalta to the Bay of Pigs*, with Jonathan E. Lewis and Frances T. Pudlo, which Yale University Press published in 1996 after his death on February 7, 1994.[^7]
|
||||
After the CIA he worked at the [[Institute for Defense Analyses]] and in industry, and wrote *Reflections of a Cold Warrior: From Yalta to the Bay of Pigs*, with Jonathan E. Lewis and Frances T. Pudlo, which Yale University Press published in 1996 after his death on February 7, 1994.[^9]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Pedlow, Gregory W., and Donald E. Welzenbach, *The CIA and the U-2 Program, 1954-1974* (CIA History Staff, Center for the Study of Intelligence, 1998), chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 and 10 and biographical glossary, including interviews of Bissell by Welzenbach (November 8, 1984) and Pedlow. https://archive.org/details/DTIC_ADA355539
|
||||
[^2]: Ruffner, Kevin C., ed., *CORONA: America's First Satellite Program* (CIA History Staff, Center for the Study of Intelligence, 1995), including Kenneth E. Greer, "CORONA," *Studies in Intelligence*, Spring 1973 supplement. https://archive.org/details/DTIC_ADA499635
|
||||
[^3]: U.S. Senate, Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, *Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders: An Interim Report*, 94th Cong., 1st sess. (1975), sections on the Congo and on Cuba, citing Bissell's testimony of June 9, June 11, July 17, July 22 and September 10, 1975, and Scheider, October 7 and 9, 1975. https://archive.org/details/allegedassassina00unit. The report states that pseudonyms were used for some individuals.
|
||||
[^4]: CIA History Staff, *Official History of the Bay of Pigs Operation*, Volume II, "Participation in the Conduct of Foreign Policy" (Jack B. Pfeiffer), citing Oral History Interview, Richard M. Bissell by Jack B. Pfeiffer, October 17, 1975. https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-0001237696
|
||||
[^5]: CIA Reading Room: Memorandum from Inspector General Lyman Kirkpatrick to John McCone, "Survey of the Cuban Operation," November 20, 1961 (CIA-RDP80B01676R001900160016-0); memorandum of December 1, 1961 and C. P. Cabell memorandum of December 15, 1961 (CIA-RDP80B01676R001900160013-3); "The IG's Cuban Survey and the DD/P's Analysis of the Cuban Operation," January 26, 1962 (CIA-RDP80B01676R001900160009-8); "Taylor Report," August 15, 1961 (CIA-RDP80B01676R001900160002-5); Allen W. Dulles, "The Inspector General's Survey of the Cuban Operation," February 15, 1962 (CIA-RDP80B01676R001900160008-9). https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp80b01676r001900160008-9
|
||||
[^2]: U.S. Senate, Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, *Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders: An Interim Report*, 94th Cong., 1st sess. (1975), sections on the Congo and on Cuba, citing Bissell's testimony of June 9, June 11, July 17, July 22 and September 10, 1975, and Scheider, October 7 and 9, 1975. https://archive.org/details/allegedassassina00unit. The report states that pseudonyms were used for some individuals.
|
||||
[^3]: Eisenhower Presidential Library, Richard M. Bissell Jr. Papers, Ford Foundation Series finding aid, series description ("Richard Bissell joined the staff of the Ford Foundation in January 1952 after leaving the Economic Cooperation Administration (later the Mutual Security Agency). After a brief tenure he resigned in 1954."). https://www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov/sites/default/files/finding-aids/pdf/bissell-richard-m-jr-papers/ford-foundation-series.pdf
|
||||
[^4]: Harm Langenkamp, "A Most Interesting and Complex Involvement," Rockefeller Archive Center Research Reports (2021), note 8 (Bissell as consultant to the Ford Foundation, left 1954 to become Dulles's special assistant). https://rockarch.issuelab.org/resources/38323/38323.pdf
|
||||
[^5]: Ruffner, Kevin C., ed., *CORONA: America's First Satellite Program* (CIA History Staff, Center for the Study of Intelligence, 1995), including Kenneth E. Greer, "CORONA," *Studies in Intelligence*, Spring 1973 supplement. https://archive.org/details/DTIC_ADA499635
|
||||
[^6]: Hugh Davies, "Eisenhower 'ordered Congo assassination,'" *The Daily Telegraph* (London), August 7, 1981, CIA-RDP90-00552R000403870002-9; "CIA Secrecy," CIA-RDP90-00965R000705910017-5 (reading room clipping). https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp90-00552r000403870002-9
|
||||
[^7]: Bissell, Richard M. Jr., with Jonathan E. Lewis and Frances T. Pudlo, *Reflections of a Cold Warrior: From Yalta to the Bay of Pigs* (Yale University Press, 1996).
|
||||
[^7]: CIA History Staff, *Official History of the Bay of Pigs Operation*, Volume II, "Participation in the Conduct of Foreign Policy" (Jack B. Pfeiffer), citing Oral History Interview, Richard M. Bissell by Jack B. Pfeiffer, October 17, 1975. https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-0001237696
|
||||
[^8]: CIA Reading Room: Memorandum from Inspector General Lyman Kirkpatrick to John McCone, "Survey of the Cuban Operation," November 20, 1961 (CIA-RDP80B01676R001900160016-0); memorandum of December 1, 1961 and C. P. Cabell memorandum of December 15, 1961 (CIA-RDP80B01676R001900160013-3); "The IG's Cuban Survey and the DD/P's Analysis of the Cuban Operation," January 26, 1962 (CIA-RDP80B01676R001900160009-8); "Taylor Report," August 15, 1961 (CIA-RDP80B01676R001900160002-5); Allen W. Dulles, "The Inspector General's Survey of the Cuban Operation," February 15, 1962 (CIA-RDP80B01676R001900160008-9). https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-cia-rdp80b01676r001900160008-9
|
||||
[^9]: Bissell, Richard M. Jr., with Jonathan E. Lewis and Frances T. Pudlo, *Reflections of a Cold Warrior: From Yalta to the Bay of Pigs* (Yale University Press, 1996).
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
|
|||
---
|
||||
category: "Victims & Witnesses"
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- BelgiumScandals
|
||||
- Person
|
||||
- Belgium
|
||||
- Dutroux
|
||||
summary: "Twelve-year-old from the Tournai area abducted by Marc Dutroux on May 27, 1996, and freed from his Marcinelle cellar with Laetitia Delhez on August 15, 1996."
|
||||
born: 1983-10-28
|
||||
location: "Tournai, Belgium"
|
||||
relations:
|
||||
- type: subject_of
|
||||
with: "[[Marc Dutroux]]"
|
||||
role: "abducted May 27, 1996; freed August 15, 1996"
|
||||
start: 1996-05-27
|
||||
end: 1996-08-15
|
||||
fn: 2
|
||||
created: 2026-04-28
|
||||
updated: 2026-09-22
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Sabine Dardenne, aged twelve, was abducted on May 27, 1996, on her way to school, and was freed on August 15, 1996.[^1][^2] The investigation cell set up for her disappearance at Tournai was staffed by the gendarmerie. Information on [[Marc Dutroux]] held by the missing-persons unit reached it only after a fax of June 20, 1996, from the General Police Support Service (SGAP); the missing-persons unit told a coordination meeting on June 26 that Dutroux was the subject of an investigation, including surveillance, by the Charleroi criminal investigation brigade that had so far been negative. Assuming that Charleroi was following Dutroux closely, the investigating judge and the cell did not contact the Charleroi gendarmerie, and did not learn that the surveillance had long since ended. The commission found the investigation "essentially passive" and limited to its own district.[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
After a witness at Bertrix gave three digits of a license plate following the abduction of [[Laetitia Delhez]] on August 9, Dutroux, his wife [[Michelle Martin]] and [[Michel Lelievre]] were arrested at about five in the afternoon on August 12, 1996. A search of the house on August 13 with tracker dogs found nothing; on August 15 Dutroux confessed, and on his directions Sabine and Laetitia were found alive in the concealed cell in the cellar of his house at [[Marcinelle, Belgium|Marcinelle]].[^2]
|
||||
|
||||
On June 17, 2004, the jury at Arlon convicted Dutroux of her abduction, sequestration and rape, and Lelièvre, who did not deny it, of her abduction and sequestration; Martin was convicted of her sequestration. [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]] was acquitted of the charges relating to the abductions.[^3][^4]
|
||||
|
||||
### The Abduction and the Cellar
|
||||
|
||||
The cell in which she was held was the one in which [[Julie Lejeune]] and [[Melissa Russo]] had been held. The writer S. Dovey wrote that Lelièvre blocked her path on her bicycle near a factory while Dutroux seized her and forced her into a van, using chloroform; that the cell had been built in 1993 with the labor of [[Claude Thirault]] and hidden behind shelving; that Dutroux conditioned her with drugs and hypnosis into dependence on him, told her she was being held for ransom, and was embraced by her when they were found; that more than twenty calls passed between Dutroux and Nihoul around the abductions; and that at the trial she testified to the manipulation she had undergone and to the roles of Martin and Lelièvre.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. Its dates for the abduction (May 26, 1996) and for Dutroux's arrest (August 13, 1996) are contradicted by the commission's report; its placing of the abduction at Farciennes is not supported by the report, which records the investigation as run from Tournai. Sole source for the passages so cited.
|
||||
[^2]: Chambre des Représentants de Belgique. *Enquête parlementaire sur la manière dont l'enquête, dans ses volets policiers et judiciaires, a été menée dans l'affaire Dutroux-Nihoul et consorts,* rapport, Doc. 713/6-96/97, April 18, 1997, pp. 86-88 and the chronology of August 1996; translated from the French. https://www.dekamer.be/FLWB/PDF/49/0713/49K0713006.pdf
|
||||
[^3]: "Nihoul acquitté pour les enlèvements." *La Dernière Heure,* June 17, 2004; translated from the French. https://www.dhnet.be/actu/faits/2004/06/17/nihoul-acquitte-pour-les-enlevements-MF73NPYQVBC25I2Y6P54BXIQDA/
|
||||
[^4]: "Notorious child rapist-murderer convicted." NBC News and Associated Press, June 17, 2004. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna5233011
|
||||
|
|
@ -13,16 +13,16 @@ Sidney Cooke led a gang of murderous pedophiles known as the "Dirty Dozen" who w
|
|||
|
||||
### Criminal Activities and Investigations
|
||||
|
||||
Scotland Yard investigated the possibility that Sidney Cooke and his gang had produced films of the deaths of boys during orgies held at a flat in east London. This investigation was closely linked to the murder of Jason Swift. The inquiry was launched after a British man arrested in [[Amsterdam]] in 1989 claimed such a film existed, and Scotland Yard suspected nine other kids were murdered in this way. During the 1980s, Scotland Yard conducted an investigation into Sidney Cooke called "Operation Orchid." During this investigation, it was learned that one of Cooke's accomplices, Lennie Smith, had been a rent boy in the West End thought to have been linked to the [[Elm Guest House]].[^1]
|
||||
S. Dovey wrote that Scotland Yard investigated the possibility that Sidney Cooke and his gang had produced films of the deaths of boys during orgies held at a flat in east London. This investigation was closely linked to the murder of Jason Swift. The inquiry was launched after a British man arrested in [[Amsterdam]] in 1989 claimed such a film existed, and Scotland Yard suspected nine other kids were murdered in this way. During the 1980s, Scotland Yard conducted an investigation into Sidney Cooke called "Operation Orchid." During this investigation, it was learned that one of Cooke's accomplices, Lennie Smith, had been a rent boy in the West End thought to have been linked to the [[Elm Guest House]].[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
When detectives checked the original case files in 2014 to see if any further links between Cooke's gang and the Elm Guest House had been discovered, they found the files pertaining to that aspect of the investigation were missing. The Operation Orchid files weren't the only ones to go missing. It was also learned that the dossier [[Geoffrey Dickens]] handed over to [[Leon Brittan]] in 1983 had since been either lost or destroyed by the Home Office. Because [[Leon Brittan]] had been the minister in charge of overseeing domestic intelligence agencies at that time, it was soon suspected that past investigations into an alleged VIP pedophile ring had been covered-up by MI5. In 2014, detectives re-examining the case of [[Vishal Mehrotra]] learned that Cooke's gang had been looked at as suspects in the murder.[^1]
|
||||
When detectives checked the original case files in 2014 to see if any further links between Cooke's gang and the Elm Guest House had been discovered, they found the files pertaining to that aspect of the investigation were missing. The Operation Orchid files weren't the only ones to go missing. It was also learned that the dossier [[Geoffrey Dickens]] handed over to [[Leon Brittan]] in 1983 had since been either lost or destroyed by the Home Office. Because Leon Brittan had been the minister in charge of overseeing domestic intelligence agencies at that time, it was soon suspected that past investigations into an alleged VIP pedophile ring had been covered-up by MI5. In 2014, detectives re-examining the case of [[Vishal Mehrotra]] learned that Cooke's gang had been looked at as suspects in the murder.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### VIP Network and International Connections
|
||||
|
||||
According to research by Kevin Allen, there had been a private chauffeur company used by the Australian High Commission to hire stand-in drivers on occasion. This company had a number of convicted pedophiles on its payroll, including at one time Sidney Cooke, whose gang the "[[Dirty Dozen]]" would later be convicted and jailed for the torture and murder of three young boys in the 80s. Cooke and his pedophile cohort were understood to be some of the drivers who would pick up young care-home boys and rent boys in expensive cars and deliver them to organized orgies in Barnes, Pimlico and Kensington. Cooke was employed by the same chauffeur company that was investigated after the 1979 disappearance of [[Martin Allen]], the son of the personal chauffeur to the Australian High Commissioner.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
The investigation into Cooke's suspected snuff films later became a joint-investigation with Dutch authorities in 1992 and 1993, targeting British foreign nationals in Amsterdam. This coincided with other international child pornography investigations involving [[Francis Shelden]] and other British nationals. The international scope of Cooke's activities connects to broader child trafficking networks operating between the UK and European child sex hotspots like [[Amsterdam]], where other pedophiles such as [[Warwick Spinks]] were known to operate. [^1]
|
||||
Dovey wrote that the investigation into Cooke's suspected snuff films later became a joint investigation with Dutch authorities, targeting British nationals in Amsterdam. This coincided with other international child pornography investigations involving [[Francis Shelden]] and other British nationals. The international scope of Cooke's activities connects to broader child trafficking networks operating between the UK and European child sex hotspots like Amsterdam, where other pedophiles such as [[Warwick Spinks]] were known to operate. [^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). Eye of the Chickenhawk. United States: Thehotstar.
|
||||
[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). Eye of the Chickenhawk. United States: Thehotstar.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -10,19 +10,31 @@ summary: "Brzezinski dismissed suggestions from Prime Minister Begin that the U.
|
|||
born: 1928-03-28
|
||||
died: 2017-05-26
|
||||
location: "Warsaw, Poland"
|
||||
relations:
|
||||
- type: participant_in
|
||||
with: "[[VELA Satellite]]"
|
||||
role: "national security adviser during the White House response to the Vela event"
|
||||
start: 1979-09-22
|
||||
end: 1980-12-01
|
||||
fn: 4
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
[[Zbigniew Brzezinski]] was the [[United States|U.S.]] National Security Adviser during the [[Jimmy Carter|Carter]] administration, playing a key role in foreign policy decisions during a period of significant Middle Eastern upheaval.
|
||||
|
||||
### Iran Policy
|
||||
|
||||
Brzezinski dismissed suggestions from [[Menachem Begin|Prime Minister Begin]] that the [[United States|U.S.]] should support [[Mehdi Bazargan|Mehdi Bazargan's]] government in [[Iran]] against the growing [[Iraq|Iraqi]] threat. Instead, Brzezinski and the [[Jimmy Carter|Carter]] administration believed [[Iran]] should be allowed to disintegrate until a [[United States|U.S.]]-supported leader emerged.[^1]
|
||||
Brzezinski dismissed suggestions from [[Menachem Begin|Prime Minister Begin]] that the U.S. should support [[Mehdi Bazargan|Mehdi Bazargan's]] government in [[Iran]] against the growing [[Iraq|Iraqi]] threat. Instead, Brzezinski and the Carter administration believed Iran should be allowed to disintegrate until a U.S.-supported leader emerged.[^1]
|
||||
|
||||
### VELA Satellite Nuclear Incident
|
||||
|
||||
On September 22, 1979, a [[VELA Satellite]] recorded two distinctive bright flashes of light over the South Indian Ocean, probable evidence of a nuclear explosion. This event, suspected to be a joint Israeli-South African nuclear test, was reported to Brzezinski and President [[Jimmy Carter]]. [[Gerald G. Oplinger]], Brzezinski's aide for global issues, recalled that Brzezinski was present at an urgent meeting in the [[White House]] situation room where the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] and [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] stated that the odds were at least ninety percent that it had been a nuclear explosion. Brzezinski had little to say during this meeting.[^2]
|
||||
On September 22, 1979, a [[VELA Satellite]] recorded two distinctive bright flashes of light from a region of about 3,000 miles in diameter that included the southern Atlantic, the Indian Ocean, the southern tip of Africa and part of Antarctica. The signal was a double flash of the kind associated with a nuclear explosion; a presidential science panel later judged it probably not nuclear.[^2] This event, suspected to be a joint Israeli-South African nuclear test, was reported to Brzezinski and President Jimmy Carter. [[Seymour Hersh]] wrote that [[Gerald G. Oplinger]], Brzezinski's aide for global issues, recalled that Brzezinski was present at an urgent meeting in the [[White House]] situation room where the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] and [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] stated that the odds were at least ninety percent that it had been a nuclear explosion, and that Brzezinski had little to say during this meeting.[^3] The summary of conclusions of the mini-Special Coordination Committee meeting held in the Situation Room on September 22, 1979 lists [[Henry Owen]] (chairman), William E. Odom, Jerry Schecter and Gerald Funk for the National Security Council. Owen "summed up the evidence as follows: Strong positive evidence. No negative evidence." The summary records that the meeting began with an intelligence briefing.[^4]
|
||||
|
||||
In September 1977 Brzezinski wrote to the secretary of state that, in response to Ambassador [[Samuel Lewis]]' cable from [[Tel Aviv]], the president "stated that it is obvious that past cooperation is excluded, and that we shouldn't push it any more for now." [[Gerard C. Smith]] replied on September 17, 1977 that the response was confined to the present and that "we could find it difficult to explain why we had accepted so reserved a response."[^5]
|
||||
|
||||
### Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. _Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network_. Sheridan Square Press, 1992 (TrineDay reprint, 2015).
|
||||
[^2]: Hersh, Seymour M. _The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy_. Random House, 1991. Chapter 20.
|
||||
[^2]: Richelson, Jeffrey T., ed., "The Vela Incident: Nuclear Test or Meteoroid?" National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 190, May 5, 2006, narrative. https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB190/index.htm ; Foreign Relations of the United States, 1977-1980, vol. XVI, Southern Africa, Document 362, September 23, 1979 ("south Atlantic, southern Indian Ocean, southern Africa, or Antarctica"). https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1977-80v16/d362
|
||||
[^3]: Hersh, Seymour M. _The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy_. Random House, 1991. Chapter 20.
|
||||
[^4]: Foreign Relations of the United States, 1977-1980, vol. XVI, Southern Africa, Document 361. https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1977-80v16/d361
|
||||
[^5]: Brzezinski, Zbigniew, memorandum to the Secretary of State, "Possible Israeli-South African Nuclear Connection," September 13, 1977, Secret, and Smith, Gerard C., memorandum to Brzezinski, September 17, 1977. Documents 2 and 3 in Burr, William, and Avner Cohen, National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 570, December 6, 2016. https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/nuclear-vault/2016-12-06/vela-incident-south-atlantic-mystery-flash-september-1979-raised-questions-about-nuclear-test
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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