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40 - EVENTS/CONTRA_WAR/Bay of Pigs.md
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@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ end: 1961-04-19
location: "Bay of Pigs (Bahia de Cochinos), Cuba"
---
The Bay of Pigs invasion (April 17-19, 1961) was a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]-organized covert paramilitary operation that deployed approximately 1,400 Cuban exile fighters of Brigade 2506 against [[Fidel Castro]]'s [[Cuba]], ending in the capture of 1,179 survivors and the most publicly damaging intelligence failure in the agency's history to that date. Authorized under President [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] and inherited by President [[John F. Kennedy]], the invasion failed for a combination of operational, political, and intelligence reasons - among them Kennedy's last-minute cancellation of the D-Day follow-up air strikes, the early collapse of the cover story at the [[United Nations]], and systematic G2 infiltration of the exile training program in [[Guatemala]]. CIA Inspector General [[Lyman Kirkpatrick]] concluded in his suppressed October 1961 report: "Plausible denial was a pathetic illusion." The invasion's veterans became the organizational core of the CIA's subsequent Cuba operations, and many reappeared in the [[Watergate]] burglary and the [[Contra]] network of the 1980s.[^1]
The Bay of Pigs invasion (April 17-19, 1961) was a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]-organized covert paramilitary operation that deployed approximately 1,400 Cuban exile fighters of [[Brigade 2506]] against [[Fidel Castro]]'s [[Cuba]], ending in the capture of 1,179 survivors and the most publicly damaging intelligence failure in the agency's history to that date. Authorized under President [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] and inherited by President [[John F. Kennedy]], the invasion failed for a combination of operational, political, and intelligence reasons - among them Kennedy's last-minute cancellation of the D-Day follow-up air strikes, the early collapse of the cover story at the [[United Nations]], and systematic G2 infiltration of the exile training program in [[Guatemala]]. CIA Inspector General [[Lyman Kirkpatrick]] concluded in his suppressed October 1961 report: "Plausible denial was a pathetic illusion." The invasion's veterans became the organizational core of the CIA's subsequent Cuba operations, and many reappeared in the [[Watergate]] burglary and the [[Contra]] network of the 1980s.[^1]
### Authorization and Planning
@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Kennedy welcomed the released prisoners at the Orange Bowl in Miami on December
### Veterans and Later Operations
Brigade 2506 veterans became the CIA's organizational core for subsequent Cuba operations and reappeared across later covert programs. [[Felix Rodriguez]], a veteran who had participated in the capture of [[Che Guevara]] in Bolivia, managed the Contra resupply operation at [[Ilopango Airbase]] in [[El Salvador]] in the 1980s under the alias "Max Gomez." [[Howard Hunt]], the Bay of Pigs political officer responsible for the Cuban Revolutionary Council exile leadership, recruited Bay of Pigs veterans for the Watergate burglary team. Three of the Watergate burglars - [[Bernard Barker]], Eugenio Martinez, and Frank Sturgis - were Bay of Pigs veterans with continuing CIA relationships. Hunt's Bay of Pigs role, and the CIA's desire to contain investigation into it, was a recurring element of the Watergate cover-up narrative.[^3]
Brigade 2506 veterans became the CIA's organizational core for subsequent Cuba operations and reappeared across later covert programs. [[Felix Rodriguez]], a veteran who had participated in the capture of [[Che Guevara]] in Bolivia, managed the Contra resupply operation at [[Ilopango Airbase]] in [[El Salvador]] in the 1980s under the alias "Max Gomez." [[Howard Hunt]], the Bay of Pigs political officer responsible for the [[Cuban Revolutionary Council]] exile leadership, recruited Bay of Pigs veterans for the Watergate burglary team. Three of the Watergate burglars - [[Bernard Barker]], Eugenio Martinez, and Frank Sturgis - were Bay of Pigs veterans with continuing CIA relationships. Hunt's Bay of Pigs role, and the CIA's desire to contain investigation into it, was a recurring element of the Watergate cover-up narrative.[^3]
### Footnotes