From bdd3b6bbfbf2dee9b997e6365ffefee3a66cfa1b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "disinfo.zone" Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2026 19:06:17 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] vault backup: 2026-09-22 19:06:17 --- 00 - META/CHANGELOG.md | 200 +++++++++--------- 00 - META/THE INFO WEB.md | 2 +- 10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Adolfo Calero.md | 8 +- 10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Adolfo Chamorro.md | 6 +- 10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Alan Fenster.md | 8 +- 10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Alan Fiers.md | 2 +- 10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Andy Furillo.md | 2 +- 10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Angela Dellafiora.md | 2 +- 10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Ari Ben-Menashe.md | 2 +- 10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Bill Clinton.md | 4 +- 10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Binyamin Blumberg.md | 4 +- 10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Brad Brunon.md | 22 +- 10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Brenda Dunne.md | 12 +- 10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Bud Duncan.md | 2 +- 10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Carl E. 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PLACES/US_STATES/Florida.md | 2 +- 60 - PLACES/US_STATES/New Mexico.md | 33 +++ 60 - PLACES/US_STATES/North Carolina.md | 41 ++++ 60 - PLACES/US_STATES/Texas.md | 2 +- 60 - PLACES/US_STATES/West Virginia.md | 32 +++ ddg1.html | 176 +++++++++++++++ 317 files changed, 1836 insertions(+), 923 deletions(-) create mode 100644 60 - PLACES/CITIES/Las Vegas.md create mode 100644 60 - PLACES/US_STATES/New Mexico.md create mode 100644 60 - PLACES/US_STATES/North Carolina.md create mode 100644 60 - PLACES/US_STATES/West Virginia.md create mode 100644 ddg1.html diff --git a/00 - META/CHANGELOG.md b/00 - META/CHANGELOG.md index 27f8eb24..1c51d6b3 100644 --- a/00 - META/CHANGELOG.md +++ b/00 - META/CHANGELOG.md @@ -1,100 +1,100 @@ -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[_manifest]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Project Eagle]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Terry Waite]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Evan Harris Walker]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Alan Patricof]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Yuri Kobzarev]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Vladimir Kotelnikov]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Stephen Kappes]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Risa Heller]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Keith Harary]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[John Kramar]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Charles Honorton]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Brenda Dunne]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[SIMWA]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Cabazon Indian Reservation]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Wright-Patterson Air Force Base]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Pine Gap]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Dimona]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Palestine]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Nuclear Fission]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Remote Viewing]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Samson Option]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Hydrogen Bomb]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[TOW Missile]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[KUBARK Counterintelligence Interrogation]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Parapsychology]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Dowsing]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[LSD]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Gulf of Tonkin Incident]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Rockefeller Commission 1975]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Project Abbreviation]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[October Surprise]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Grill Flame Scientific Evaluation Committee]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Church Committee]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Sun Streak]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[STARGATE PROJECT]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[SCANATE]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Project MERRIMAC]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Operation DERBY HAT]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[ECHELON]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Wackenhut Corporation]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[The Finders]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[The Enterprise (Iran-Contra)]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Stanford Research Institute]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[SCT]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Rockefeller Brothers Fund]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Patricof and Company]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[INSLAW]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[IBEC]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Hadron]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Chase Manhattan Bank]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Allen and Company]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Air America]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Accumenics]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[AIFLD]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[AIA]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[U.S. Navy]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[NSA]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[CIAA]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Iran-Israel Joint Committee]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Roger Whelan]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Phil Zimmermann]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Mordechai Tsippori]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Mordecai Vanunu]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Hassan Yassin]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Eugene Tighe]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Edward Teller]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Donald Trump]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[William Bradford Reynolds]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Ted Shackley]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Sandra Spooner]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Robert Stutman]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Robert Booth Nichols]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Richard Secord]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Richard Ober]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[René Riveros]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Pat Price]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Nelson Rockefeller]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Marion Pettie]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[John Paul Nichols]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Ingo Swann]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Harry Snyder]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Hal Puthoff]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[George Pettie]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Frank Olson]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Elliot Richardson]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Edward Snowden]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Dr. John Philip Nichols]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[David Rockefeller]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Bill O'Donnell]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Andrew Rose]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Ronald LeGrand]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Robert Jahn]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Richard Kennett]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Richard Kammann]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Ray Hyman]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Miles Matthews]] -- 2026-09-22T1736 · [[Mike Harari]] +- 2026-09-22T1843 · [[_manifest]] +- 2026-09-22T1843 · [[North Carolina]] +- 2026-09-22T1843 · [[Las Vegas]] +- 2026-09-22T1843 · [[X-Dossier]] +- 2026-09-22T1843 · [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]] +- 2026-09-22T1843 · [[Regina Louf]] +- 2026-09-22T1843 · [[Warwick Spinks]] +- 2026-09-22T1843 · [[John David Norman]] +- 2026-09-22T1843 · [[Francis Shelden]] +- 2026-09-22T1833 · [[_NOTES_R1_committees]] +- 2026-09-22T1832 · [[_NOTES_R2_groups]] +- 2026-09-22T1830 · [[_NOTES_C_belgium_norman]] +- 2026-09-22T1829 · [[Cybertruck Trump Hotel Bombing]] +- 2026-09-22T1828 · [[New Mexico]] +- 2026-09-22T1826 · [[West Virginia]] +- 2026-09-22T1824 · [[United States]] +- 2026-09-22T1824 · [[Federal Reserve Board]] +- 2026-09-22T1824 · [[U.S. Attorney General]] +- 2026-09-22T1824 · [[LAPD]] +- 2026-09-22T1824 · [[United Kingdom]] +- 2026-09-22T1824 · [[New York Times]] +- 2026-09-22T1824 · [[U.S. Army]] +- 2026-09-22T1824 · [[U.S. Air Force]] +- 2026-09-22T1823 · [[Israel]] +- 2026-09-22T1823 · [[Danny Ray Lasater]] +- 2026-09-22T1822 · [[Contras]] +- 2026-09-22T1822 · [[Robert Booth Nichols]] +- 2026-09-22T1820 · [[_NOTES_C_part_A_nihoul]] +- 2026-09-22T1819 · [[_NOTES_C_part_C_norman_shelden]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Texas]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Florida]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[California]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Arkansas]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[South Central Los Angeles]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[South America]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Negev Desert]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Central America]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Caribbean]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Wright-Patterson Air Force Base]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Opa Locka]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Homestead Air Force Base]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Fort Meade]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[U.S. Embassy in Moscow]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Soviet Union]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Saudi Arabia]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Russia]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Peru]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Mexico]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Libya]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Iran]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Haiti]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Ecuador]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Costa Rica]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Colombia]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[China]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Bolivia]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Bahamas]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Washington, D.C.]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[San Salvador]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[San Jose]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[San Francisco]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[San Bernardino]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Panama City]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Pacifica, California]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[New Orleans]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Moscow]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Miami]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Mexico City]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Medellin]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Managua]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Los Angeles]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Lima]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Houston]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Compton]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Chicago]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Cali, Colombia]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Bogota]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Baton Rouge, Louisiana]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Outbounder-Beacon Experiment]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Extended Remote Viewing]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Eight-Martini Results]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Coordinate Remote Viewing]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Associative Remote Viewing]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Analytical Overlay]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Synchronicity]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Telepathy]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Remote Viewing]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Psychoenergetics]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Psi]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Precognition]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Clairvoyance]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[KEY CONCEPTS AND TECH]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Psychic Spying]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Psi Gap]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[PSI-INT]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Human Use Experimentation]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Ground Truth]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Giggle Factor]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[Extrasensory Perception]] +- 2026-09-22T1817 · [[The Phenomenon]] diff --git a/00 - META/THE INFO WEB.md b/00 - META/THE INFO WEB.md index d90a07f1..5e08990f 100644 --- a/00 - META/THE INFO WEB.md +++ b/00 - META/THE INFO WEB.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Our effort is to illuminate hidden connections and illegal activities, building - [[KEY EVENTS]] - Witness the pivotal moments, from Cold War experiments to modern incidents, that reveal the unfolding narrative. - [[KEY CONCEPTS AND TECH]] - Grasp the scientific theories, esoteric ideas, and advanced technologies that underpin these extraordinary claims. -For those with a more open perspective of our world and our place within it, try exploring [[The Phenomenon]] or [[STARGATE PROJECT]]. For the conspiracy-minded, you may find your starting point with [[SOFTWARE_PROJECTS/PROMIS|PROMIS]]. +For those with a more open perspective of our world and our place within it, try exploring [[The Phenomenon]] or [[Stargate Project]]. For the conspiracy-minded, you may find your starting point with [[SOFTWARE_PROJECTS/PROMIS|PROMIS]]. Or you can always check the [[CHANGELOG]] to see where research is happening. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Adolfo Calero.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Adolfo Calero.md index de2c373a..f2109269 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Adolfo Calero.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Adolfo Calero.md @@ -20,19 +20,19 @@ location: "Managua, Nicaragua" --- Adolfo Calero was a longtime [[Central Intelligence Agency]] agent and former manager of the Coca-Cola bottling plant in [[Managua]].[^1] Selected by the CIA in 1983 to lead the political wing of the [[FDN]], Calero worked closely with [[Oliver North]] and met with [[Norwin Meneses]] several times during the years Meneses was selling drugs for the Contras.[^1] He later became a member of the [[Nicaragua|Nicaraguan]] Assembly. -### Relationship with Meneses and Blandón +### Relationship with Meneses and Blandón -Norwin Meneses traveled to [[Honduras]] to meet with [[Enrique Bermudez|Enrique Bermúdez]] and brought Calero a crossbow as a gesture of esteem. Calero confirmed the meeting but denied that Meneses or [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] held any official positions with the FDN.[^2] +Norwin Meneses traveled to [[Honduras]] to meet with [[Enrique Bermudez|Enrique Bermúdez]] and brought Calero a crossbow as a gesture of esteem. Calero confirmed the meeting but denied that Meneses or [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] held any official positions with the FDN.[^2] ### San Francisco Activities and USACA In 1984, Calero began visiting San Francisco frequently, staying with Contra supporters [[Don Sinicco]] and [[Dennis Ainsworth]] while attending to FDN business. At Calero's request, Sinicco founded [[USACA]], a Contra support group. On June 4, 1984, Ainsworth arranged a private reception for Calero at the St. Francis Yacht Club with sixty influential business leaders. At a subsequent dinner at Caesar's Italian Restaurant, Meneses picked up the tab for the entire party. Two days later, at a cocktail party at Sinicco's home, Meneses met privately with Calero and was photographed in the kitchen huddled with Calero and FDN officials.[^3] -Calero has admitted meeting Meneses on at least six occasions in San Francisco but portrayed them as simple greetings at large public gatherings. He repeatedly denied knowing Meneses was a drug trafficker, yet admitted to a Costa Rican paper in 1986 that he knew Meneses was "involved in some illegal things, but I don't know anything." Sinicco's files showed Meneses contributed financially to USACA. Former FDN director Edgar Chamorro declared: "Calero and Bermúdez were our main links with the CIA. They met constantly with the CIA station chief."[^3] +Calero has admitted meeting Meneses on at least six occasions in San Francisco but portrayed them as simple greetings at large public gatherings. He repeatedly denied knowing Meneses was a drug trafficker, yet admitted to a Costa Rican paper in 1986 that he knew Meneses was "involved in some illegal things, but I don't know anything." Sinicco's files showed Meneses contributed financially to USACA. Former FDN director Edgar Chamorro declared: "Calero and Bermúdez were our main links with the CIA. They met constantly with the CIA station chief."[^3] ### Role in the Contra Leadership -Calero led the political side of the FDN while Enrique Bermúdez commanded the military side and [[Aristides Sanchez|Aristides Sánchez]] managed supplies and logistics.[^2] Oliver North called Sánchez "Calero's hatchet man," indicating the closeness of their working relationship. Calero worked with Sánchez on Caribbean banking activities and was closely monitored by the CIA throughout his tenure.[^2] +Calero led the political side of the FDN while Enrique Bermúdez commanded the military side and [[Aristides Sanchez|Aristides Sánchez]] managed supplies and logistics.[^2] Oliver North called Sánchez "Calero's hatchet man," indicating the closeness of their working relationship. Calero worked with Sánchez on Caribbean banking activities and was closely monitored by the CIA throughout his tenure.[^2] Manuel Porro, a man arrested in a [[DEA]] operation alongside Meneses associates who later became a commander of the [[Legion of September 15]], went on to serve as a top aide to Calero and handled some of his Caribbean banking activities.[^2] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Adolfo Chamorro.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Adolfo Chamorro.md index 05ff8fa4..0d9db4a8 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Adolfo Chamorro.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Adolfo Chamorro.md @@ -4,13 +4,13 @@ tags: - person - nicaraguan - contra-war -summary: Adolfo Chamorro was a Contra leader who attended weapons sales presentations arranged by Ron Lister and Danilo Blandón as part of the Contra supply network. +summary: Adolfo Chamorro was a Contra leader who attended weapons sales presentations arranged by Ron Lister and Danilo Blandón as part of the Contra supply network. --- -Adolfo Chamorro was a [[Contras|Contra]] leader who attended weapons sales presentations arranged by [[Ronald Lister|Ron Lister]] and [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] as part of the Contra supply network. Chamorro appeared alongside other top Contra figures including [[Eden Pastora]] and Mariano Montealgre at Lister's weapons demonstrations.[^1] +Adolfo Chamorro was a [[Contras|Contra]] leader who attended weapons sales presentations arranged by [[Ronald Lister|Ron Lister]] and [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] as part of the Contra supply network. Chamorro appeared alongside other top Contra figures including [[Eden Pastora]] and Mariano Montealgre at Lister's weapons demonstrations.[^1] ### Weapons Procurement -Blandón recalled that several top Contra leaders attended Lister's weapons sales presentation, including Eden Pastora, Adolfo Chamorro, and Mariano Montealgre. The meeting illustrated the direct connection between the Blandón-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] drug trafficking network and Contra military procurement. Chamorro, known by the nickname "Popo," was part of the broader Chamorro family network involved in Contra operations, which included [[Edmundo Chamorro]] of UDN-FARN and Fernando "El Negro" Chamorro.[^2] +Blandón recalled that several top Contra leaders attended Lister's weapons sales presentation, including Eden Pastora, Adolfo Chamorro, and Mariano Montealgre. The meeting illustrated the direct connection between the Blandón-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] drug trafficking network and Contra military procurement. Chamorro, known by the nickname "Popo," was part of the broader Chamorro family network involved in Contra operations, which included [[Edmundo Chamorro]] of UDN-FARN and Fernando "El Negro" Chamorro.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Alan Fenster.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Alan Fenster.md index 5f916ea3..6ca910a6 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Alan Fenster.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Alan Fenster.md @@ -20,15 +20,15 @@ Alan Fenster was a Beverly Hills criminal defense attorney and former prosecutor ### Defense of Ricky Ross -Fenster served as Ross's attorney during the [[DEA]] reverse sting prosecution in [[San Diego]], where [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] served as the chief confidential informant. Fenster described enormous difficulty obtaining any discovery about the government's informant, including Blandón's identity. Ross only knew Blandón as "Danilo" and was not even certain that was his real name.[^2] +Fenster served as Ross's attorney during the [[DEA]] reverse sting prosecution in [[San Diego]], where [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] served as the chief confidential informant. Fenster described enormous difficulty obtaining any discovery about the government's informant, including Blandón's identity. Ross only knew Blandón as "Danilo" and was not even certain that was his real name.[^2] ### The Ross Trial -At the 1996 trial, Fenster fought to obtain government records about Blandón's Contra connections but was repeatedly stymied by prosecutor [[LJ Oneale]]. Fenster filed a motion to dismiss based on the government's illegal withholding of evidence, attaching an affidavit from a private investigator who had spoken to [[Gary Webb]]. The motion exposed Webb's investigation and brought the [[Los Angeles Times|L.A. Times]] into the story.[^3] +At the 1996 trial, Fenster fought to obtain government records about Blandón's Contra connections but was repeatedly stymied by prosecutor [[LJ Oneale]]. Fenster filed a motion to dismiss based on the government's illegal withholding of evidence, attaching an affidavit from a private investigator who had spoken to [[Gary Webb]]. The motion exposed Webb's investigation and brought the [[Los Angeles Times|L.A. Times]] into the story.[^3] -During the trial, Fenster cross-examined Blandón extensively about his Contra ties, pressing him on his shifting claims about when he stopped selling cocaine for the Contras. When Blandón claimed he quit in 1982, Fenster asked: "Is it your testimony that you decided to keep the profits from the drug dealing because the Contra organization had enough money to fund their own war?" Blandón paused and looked at O'Neale before saying: "When we raise money for the Contra revolution, we received orders from the," he paused, "from another people." Because of the court order prohibiting CIA testimony, Fenster was unable to pursue that line of inquiry.[^3] +During the trial, Fenster cross-examined Blandón extensively about his Contra ties, pressing him on his shifting claims about when he stopped selling cocaine for the Contras. When Blandón claimed he quit in 1982, Fenster asked: "Is it your testimony that you decided to keep the profits from the drug dealing because the Contra organization had enough money to fund their own war?" Blandón paused and looked at O'Neale before saying: "When we raise money for the Contra revolution, we received orders from the," he paused, "from another people." Because of the court order prohibiting CIA testimony, Fenster was unable to pursue that line of inquiry.[^3] -Webb secretly supplied Fenster with questions to ask Blandón during cross-examination, after Blandón told Webb that the DEA would not allow him to give an interview. "How am I supposed to cross-examine this guy? I don't even know what to ask!" Fenster told Webb during a lunch break. "Isn't this just crazy? I mean, here I am, defending a man against a life sentence, and I've got to ask some reporter if the prosecution testimony is accurate."[^3] +Webb secretly supplied Fenster with questions to ask Blandón during cross-examination, after Blandón told Webb that the DEA would not allow him to give an interview. "How am I supposed to cross-examine this guy? I don't even know what to ask!" Fenster told Webb during a lunch break. "Isn't this just crazy? I mean, here I am, defending a man against a life sentence, and I've got to ask some reporter if the prosecution testimony is accurate."[^3] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Alan Fiers.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Alan Fiers.md index 3de14aa6..9ad4b153 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Alan Fiers.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Alan Fiers.md @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ One Central American station chief recalled that CIA leadership's unspoken polic ### Ilopango Reporting Responsibility -Fiers acknowledged the CIA "had a capability and indeed a responsibility for reporting what had been happening at [[Ilopango Airbase|Ilopango Air Force Base]]" in [[El Salvador]]. He testified that [[Felix Rodriguez]] was sent to El Salvador in early 1985 as part of a CIA reorganization: "As a result of the change in management of the task force. . .we undertook a complete review of our efforts in San Salvador. . .and made adjustments in that undertaking that left a void. Felix Rodriguez was put into—sent to El Salvador to work in the areas where we had left a void."[^3] +Fiers acknowledged the CIA "had a capability and indeed a responsibility for reporting what had been happening at [[Ilopango Airbase|Ilopango Air Force Base]]" in [[El Salvador]]. He testified that [[Felix Rodriguez]] was sent to El Salvador in early 1985 as part of a CIA reorganization: "As a result of the change in management of the task force. . .we undertook a complete review of our efforts in San Salvador. . .and made adjustments in that undertaking that left a void. Felix Rodriguez was put into, sent to El Salvador to work in the areas where we had left a void."[^3] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Andy Furillo.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Andy Furillo.md index 9de57844..6a861641 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Andy Furillo.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Andy Furillo.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ tags: - DarkAllianceInvestigation summary: "Los Angeles Times police beat reporter who wrote the first national press story about crack cocaine in November 1984, documenting the explosion of rock houses in South Central Los Angeles." --- -Andy Furillo, a freckle-faced police beat reporter hired away from the smaller Los Angeles Herald-Examiner, wrote the first story about [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] to appear in the national press. Published on November 25, 1984 - one day before the [[DEA]] arrested Jairo Meneses and [[Renato Pena|Renato Peña]] Cabrera in San Francisco. The story ran in the Los Angeles Times under the headline "South Central Cocaine Sales Explode into $25 Rocks."[^1] +Andy Furillo, a freckle-faced police beat reporter hired away from the smaller Los Angeles Herald-Examiner, wrote the first story about [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] to appear in the national press. Published on November 25, 1984 - one day before the [[DEA]] arrested Jairo Meneses and [[Renato Pena|Renato Peña]] Cabrera in San Francisco. The story ran in the Los Angeles Times under the headline "South Central Cocaine Sales Explode into $25 Rocks."[^1] Furillo discovered the story after officers at [[South Central Los Angeles]] police stations mentioned a flood of cocaine in the ghettos. He hit the streets, knocked on doors, and confirmed the officers' accounts. He found a gigantic, wide-open cocaine market flourishing in the poorest section of [[LAPD|Los Angeles]] that no mainstream media outlet had covered.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Angela Dellafiora.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Angela Dellafiora.md index 7b87d5b6..e38267f3 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Angela Dellafiora.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Angela Dellafiora.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ alias: - Angela Ford --- -Angela Dellafiora, later known as Angela Ford after marriage, was a [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] (DIA) intelligence analyst based in Maryland. The DIA hired her in 1986 to participate in [[STARGATE PROJECT|Project STAR GATE]], the government's classified remote-viewing program, in which she worked for nine years.[^1] +Angela Dellafiora, later known as Angela Ford after marriage, was a [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] (DIA) intelligence analyst based in Maryland. The DIA hired her in 1986 to participate in [[Stargate Project|Project STAR GATE]], the government's classified remote-viewing program, in which she worked for nine years.[^1] ### Written Remote Viewing diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Ari Ben-Menashe.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Ari Ben-Menashe.md index 5f532be2..5191c4c9 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Ari Ben-Menashe.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Ari Ben-Menashe.md @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Israel denied that he had been authorized to act for it in the transaction, repe In Profits of War and in congressional testimony, Ben-Menashe alleged that Israeli officials, working with figures around the 1980 [[Ronald Reagan]] presidential campaign, arranged arms sales to Iran in exchange for delaying the release of American hostages until after the November 1980 election, the scenario known as the October Surprise.[^5] He claimed to have witnessed a Paris meeting in October 1980 attended by [[George H.W. Bush]], the campaign manager [[William J. Casey|William Casey]], and Iranian representatives.[^6] -His detailed account named a sequence of secret meetings. He described [[Miles Copeland]]'s group of CIA-connected officers, Casey, [[Robert McFarlane]], and [[Earl Brian]] entering negotiations with the Iranians, and [[David Kimche]] of Mossad initiating an arms supply to Iran via [[South Africa]] in 1979. He placed first and second Madrid meetings in March and May 1980 involving [[Mehdi Karrubi]], Casey, McFarlane, [[Donald Gregg]], [[Robert Gates]], and Brian; an Amsterdam meeting in August 1980; and the October 1980 Paris meeting at which he says the hostage-release deal was sealed and after which he received 56 million dollars in [[Guatemala]] in December 1980, with 4 million for Brian and 52 million for the Iranian intermediary Kashani. The hostages were released on Reagan's inauguration day, January 20, 1981.[^5] He further alleged a 1980 to 1981 [[Iran-Israel Joint Committee]] arms pipeline, a role in the June 7, 1981 [[Israel Air Force]] strike on Iraq's Tammuz nuclear reactor, the recruitment of Daily Mirror foreign editor [[Nicholas Davies]] by Mossad, and the use of a slush fund (the [[Ora Group]]) to finance the [[Likud Party]] and "black" operations including, in his telling, the 1985 [[Achille Lauro]] hijacking.[^5] +His detailed account named a sequence of secret meetings. He described [[Miles Copeland]]'s group of CIA-connected officers, Casey, [[Robert McFarlane]], and [[Earl Brian]] entering negotiations with the Iranians, and [[David Kimche]] of Mossad initiating an arms supply to Iran via [[South Africa]] in 1979. He placed first and second Madrid meetings in March and May 1980 involving [[Mehdi Karrubi]], Casey, McFarlane, [[Donald Gregg]], [[Robert Gates]], and Brian; an Amsterdam meeting in August 1980; and the October 1980 Paris meeting at which he says the hostage-release deal was sealed and after which he received 56 million dollars in [[Guatemala]] in December 1980, with 4 million for Brian and 52 million for the Iranian intermediary Kashani. The hostages were released on Reagan's inauguration day, January 20, 1981.[^5] He further alleged a 1980 to 1981 [[Iran-Israel Joint Committee]] arms pipeline, a role in the June 7, 1981 [[Israel Air Force]] strike on Iraq's Tammuz nuclear reactor, the recruitment of [[Daily Mirror]] foreign editor [[Nicholas Davies]] by Mossad, and the use of a slush fund (the [[Ora Group]]) to finance the [[Likud Party]] and "black" operations including, in his telling, the 1985 [[Achille Lauro]] hijacking.[^5] No official body endorsed this account. The [[House October Surprise Task Force]], chaired by Representative [[Lee Hamilton]], published its joint report on January 3, 1993, and rejected it, saying it had conclusive evidence from travel and passport records that Ben-Menashe was not in Paris when he claimed to have witnessed the meeting, and describing his testimony as "totally lacking in credibility," "demonstrably false from beginning to end," and "a total fabrication."[^6] A separate review of the Iran-Contra-related allegations conducted under Attorney General [[William Barr]] likewise found no credible basis for his key claims, and an earlier Senate examination reached similar conclusions.[^6][^7] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Bill Clinton.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Bill Clinton.md index 4bd4a49a..f1b5dd1b 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Bill Clinton.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Bill Clinton.md @@ -27,13 +27,13 @@ Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III on August 19, 1946) is an Americ ### Governor of Arkansas and the Mena Drug Operations -As Governor of Arkansas, Clinton presided over the period when [[Barry Seal]] operated his [[Central Intelligence Agency]]-connected [[cocaine]] smuggling operation at Mena airport. Clinton's close friend [[Danny Ray Lasater]] was convicted as part of a major drug ring in [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]], raising questions about what the governor knew about the activities at [[Mena, Arkansas|Mena]].[^16] +As Governor of Arkansas, Clinton presided over the period when [[Barry Seal]] operated his [[Central Intelligence Agency]]-connected [[Cocaine]] smuggling operation at Mena airport. Clinton's close friend [[Danny Ray Lasater]] was convicted as part of a major drug ring in [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]], raising questions about what the governor knew about the activities at [[Mena, Arkansas|Mena]].[^16] Arkansas state trooper Larry Patterson testified that troopers were aware "that there was large quantities of drugs being flown into the Mena airport" and that "it was a CIA operation." Despite the scale of Seal's operations, which a letter from the Arkansas attorney general to U.S. Attorney General [[Ed Meese]] valued at 3 billion to 5 billion dollars in smuggled drugs, the state government took no action to shut down the operation. Clinton's administration in Arkansas presided over the period when the Mena airport served as a hub for both drug trafficking and Contra supply operations.[^16] ### Project Stargate -As president, Clinton's administration oversaw the 1995 declassification and termination of the [[STARGATE PROJECT]], the government's remote-viewing program, after a CIA-commissioned review concluded the program had no demonstrated intelligence value. The *Remote Viewers* account does not detail any direct involvement by Clinton in the program, but notes that [[William Perry]], who served as Clinton's Secretary of Defense, had earlier been involved in funding decisions for the program during the Carter administration.[^15] +As president, Clinton's administration oversaw the 1995 declassification and termination of the [[Stargate Project]], the government's remote-viewing program, after a CIA-commissioned review concluded the program had no demonstrated intelligence value. The *Remote Viewers* account does not detail any direct involvement by Clinton in the program, but notes that [[William Perry]], who served as Clinton's Secretary of Defense, had earlier been involved in funding decisions for the program during the Carter administration.[^15] ### Epstein Contacts and Flight Logs diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Binyamin Blumberg.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Binyamin Blumberg.md index 8ffa93c5..1771c13b 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Binyamin Blumberg.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Binyamin Blumberg.md @@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ died: 2018 location: "Israel" --- -Binyamin Blumberg was a former military intelligence officer handpicked by [[Shimon Peres]] to direct the Office of Special Tasks, a new intelligence agency created to provide security for [[Israel]]'s burgeoning nuclear operation at [[Dimona]]. This office, bureaucratically placed inside the defense ministry, would later become known as LAKAM (Science Liaison Bureau) and was responsible for one of [[Israel]]'s worst mistakes, the recruitment of [[Jonathan Pollard]].[^1] +Binyamin Blumberg was a former military intelligence officer handpicked by [[Shimon Peres]] to direct the Office of Special Tasks, a new intelligence agency created to provide security for [[Israel]]'s burgeoning nuclear operation at [[Dimona]]. This office, bureaucratically placed inside the defense ministry, would later become known as [[LAKAM]] (Science Liaison Bureau) and was responsible for one of Israel's worst mistakes, the recruitment of [[Jonathan Pollard]].[^1] -Blumberg's sole mission in the late 1950s was protecting [[Dimona]], and he was deeply involved in the details, even overturning bureaucratic rules to ensure the hiring of essential scientists. He and his colleagues in the Office of Special Tasks were constantly improving and embellishing the Israeli cover-up regarding [[Dimona]]'s true purpose, especially during the annual inspections by [[Floyd L. Culler, Jr.]] from the [[United States]].[^1] +Blumberg's sole mission in the late 1950s was protecting Dimona, and he was deeply involved in the details, even overturning bureaucratic rules to ensure the hiring of essential scientists. He and his colleagues in the Office of Special Tasks were constantly improving and embellishing the Israeli cover-up regarding Dimona's true purpose, especially during the annual inspections by [[Floyd L. Culler, Jr.]] from the [[United States]].[^1] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Brad Brunon.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Brad Brunon.md index f0ff417e..98552726 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Brad Brunon.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Brad Brunon.md @@ -15,35 +15,35 @@ tags: - DarkAllianceInvestigation summary: "Los Angeles attorney who represented Danilo Blandon and provided firsthand observations about Contra fundraising through cocaine trafficking." --- -Bradley Brunon was a Los Angeles attorney who represented [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] throughout his legal troubles and provided firsthand observations about the intersection of Contra fundraising and cocaine trafficking in the early 1980s.[^1] +Bradley Brunon was a Los Angeles attorney who represented [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] throughout his legal troubles and provided firsthand observations about the intersection of Contra fundraising and cocaine trafficking in the early 1980s.[^1] ### Observations of Contra Cocaine Trafficking -Brunon met Blandón while defending a middle-class [[Nicaragua|Nicaraguan]] exile accused of drug trafficking. He said Blandón was one of several former [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]] supporters dealing cocaine in [[Los Angeles]] in the early 1980s. "People were being arrested who had high government connections, or high military connections, in the Somoza regime, who didn't have any particular lifestyle consistent with being cocaine dealers, didn't have a background consistent with that, but they were highly politicized individuals. And the only politics I was aware that they were involved with was this attempt to fund the Contra revolutionary insurgency."[^1] +Brunon met Blandón while defending a middle-class [[Nicaragua|Nicaraguan]] exile accused of drug trafficking. He said Blandón was one of several former [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]] supporters dealing cocaine in [[Los Angeles]] in the early 1980s. "People were being arrested who had high government connections, or high military connections, in the Somoza regime, who didn't have any particular lifestyle consistent with being cocaine dealers, didn't have a background consistent with that, but they were highly politicized individuals. And the only politics I was aware that they were involved with was this attempt to fund the Contra revolutionary insurgency."[^1] -Brunon said it was his understanding that "the [[Contras]], and I don't even know if they were known as that then... had no above-the-line funding. Everything was sub rosa and one of the ways they were trying to raise money was importing cocaine." He clarified that this information "was information that I didn't specifically receive from Blandón, but that I had surmised based on a series of events that were happening."[^1] +Brunon said it was his understanding that "the [[Contras]], and I don't even know if they were known as that then... had no above-the-line funding. Everything was sub rosa and one of the ways they were trying to raise money was importing cocaine." He clarified that this information "was information that I didn't specifically receive from Blandón, but that I had surmised based on a series of events that were happening."[^1] -### Knowledge of Blandón's Contra Involvement +### Knowledge of Blandón's Contra Involvement -Blandón was fairly close-mouthed about his role with the Contras, according to Brunon. "I don't know the formal particulars of it other than there was this kind of atmosphere of [[Central Intelligence Agency]] and clandestine activities and so forth that surrounded him when I met him. He never was specific. I mean, I believed he was involved with the Contras. I don't think there's any doubt about that. Beyond that, I never got into the particulars with him, because I didn't have a need to know at that point."[^1] +Blandón was fairly close-mouthed about his role with the Contras, according to Brunon. "I don't know the formal particulars of it other than there was this kind of atmosphere of [[Central Intelligence Agency]] and clandestine activities and so forth that surrounded him when I met him. He never was specific. I mean, I believed he was involved with the Contras. I don't think there's any doubt about that. Beyond that, I never got into the particulars with him, because I didn't have a need to know at that point."[^1] ### Encounters with Ronald Lister -Brunon met [[Ronald Lister]] in 1986, when Lister showed up unannounced at the lawyer's office and began asking very detailed questions about Blandón's background. "It was just like the hair on the back of your neck goes up. What does this guy want? What's he doing here? Is he investigating Blandón?" Brunon said. "I never knew what his true role was. I mean, he covertly insinuated that he was CIA. At least, if not a sworn member, whatever the hell they do to get to become employees — some sort of operative." Brunon "really didn't have much communication with the guy because he scared me."[^1] +Brunon met [[Ronald Lister]] in 1986, when Lister showed up unannounced at the lawyer's office and began asking very detailed questions about Blandón's background. "It was just like the hair on the back of your neck goes up. What does this guy want? What's he doing here? Is he investigating Blandón?" Brunon said. "I never knew what his true role was. I mean, he covertly insinuated that he was CIA. At least, if not a sworn member, whatever the hell they do to get to become employees, some sort of operative." Brunon "really didn't have much communication with the guy because he scared me."[^1] Brunon described Lister as "one of these guys who would boast about having bugging capabilities, would boast about having wiretap capabilities, you could get any information any time, one of those... I-can-uplink-to-the-satellite sort of guy."[^1] ### CIA Claims and the FBI -A 1986 [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] report about Blandón obtained by [[Gary Webb]] through a FOIA request revealed that Brunon had called the [[Los Angeles County Sheriff's Office|L.A. County Sheriff's Office]] after a police raid and claimed the CIA had "winked" at Blandón's activities.[^2] +A 1986 [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] report about Blandón obtained by [[Gary Webb]] through a FOIA request revealed that Brunon had called the [[Los Angeles County Sheriff's Office|L.A. County Sheriff's Office]] after a police raid and claimed the CIA had "winked" at Blandón's activities.[^2] -### DEA Knowledge of Blandón +### DEA Knowledge of Blandón -Brunon stated in court in 1992 that the [[DEA]] possessed extensive knowledge of Blandón's drug dealing spanning over a decade: "I have some 300 DEA-6 reports regarding Mr. Blandón, and the reports relate to activities between approximately 1981 and May 1992." This was a period during which Blandón was granted U.S. political asylum, ran a multimillion-dollar cocaine operation, and served as a DEA informant.[^3] +Brunon stated in court in 1992 that the [[DEA]] possessed extensive knowledge of Blandón's drug dealing spanning over a decade: "I have some 300 DEA-6 reports regarding Mr. Blandón, and the reports relate to activities between approximately 1981 and May 1992." This was a period during which Blandón was granted U.S. political asylum, ran a multimillion-dollar cocaine operation, and served as a DEA informant.[^3] -### Views on Blandón's 1992 Case +### Views on Blandón's 1992 Case -[[LAPD]] narcotics detective Ron Hodges, who investigated Blandón in conjunction with the DEA in 1991-92, told Webb that the case against Blandón was remarkably weak. "What's hard to understand [is] when we actually did the investigation on him and it came to a conclusion, I think he was charged with what they consider a 'no-dope conspiracy,' which is like nothing. It's so minimal. It's like trying to do something when there is nothing there." Brunon pointed out that his client had no criminal record, and the DEA had nothing more than some loose talk with criminal informants and no evidence of actual drug dealing.[^4] +[[LAPD]] narcotics detective Ron Hodges, who investigated Blandón in conjunction with the DEA in 1991-92, told Webb that the case against Blandón was remarkably weak. "What's hard to understand [is] when we actually did the investigation on him and it came to a conclusion, I think he was charged with what they consider a 'no-dope conspiracy,' which is like nothing. It's so minimal. It's like trying to do something when there is nothing there." Brunon pointed out that his client had no criminal record, and the DEA had nothing more than some loose talk with criminal informants and no evidence of actual drug dealing.[^4] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Brenda Dunne.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Brenda Dunne.md index ec6a6f01..6f06fa21 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Brenda Dunne.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Brenda Dunne.md @@ -8,6 +8,16 @@ tags: - Princeton summary: "Chicago remote-viewing experimenter who from 1979 ran Robert Jahn's privately funded Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research laboratory." location: "Princeton, New Jersey" +relations: + - type: reported_to + with: "[[Robert Jahn]]" + start: 1979 + role: "manager, Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research" + fn: 3 + - type: member_of + with: "[[Society for Scientific Exploration]]" + role: "officer" + fn: 4 created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- @@ -16,7 +26,7 @@ Brenda J. Dunne, of the Midwest Parapsychological Research Institute at Mundelei ### PEAR -By 1979 [[Robert Jahn]] had started the Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research laboratory at [[Princeton University]] and hired Dunne to run it, and in 1987 they published *Margins of Reality.*[^3] Jahn relied on private donations of more than ten million dollars, the first and largest from [[James S. McDonnell]] of [[McDonnell Douglas]]. PEAR published more than sixty research reports, most in the journal of the [[Society for Scientific Exploration]], of which Jahn and Dunne were officers; it announced its closure in 2007. "Many PEAR Tree members who are science faculty members will not reveal themselves publicly," Dunne told the *New York Times.*[^4] +By 1979 [[Robert Jahn]] had started the Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research laboratory at [[Princeton University]] and hired Dunne to run it, and in 1987 they published *Margins of Reality.*[^3] Jahn relied on private donations of more than ten million dollars, the first and largest from [[James S. McDonnell]] of [[McDonnell Douglas]]. PEAR published more than sixty research reports, most in the journal of the [[Society for Scientific Exploration]], of which Jahn and Dunne were officers; it announced its closure in 2007. "Many PEAR Tree members who are science faculty members will not reveal themselves publicly," Dunne told the *[[New York Times]].*[^4] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Bud Duncan.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Bud Duncan.md index a5f61c14..6c14a9e4 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Bud Duncan.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Bud Duncan.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ summary: "Army civilian photo-interpreter and early member of the Gondola Wish ( --- -[[Bud Duncan]] was an Army civilian photo-interpreter and an early member of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Gondola Wish]] (later [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]]) remote viewing unit. He was one of the four Army civilians in the initial group of candidates selected by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]].[^1] +[[Bud Duncan]] was an Army civilian photo-interpreter and an early member of the [[Stargate Project|Gondola Wish]] (later Grill Flame) remote viewing unit. He was one of the four Army civilians in the initial group of candidates selected by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]].[^1] --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Carl E. Duckett.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Carl E. Duckett.md index 57a80fbf..c2bd26ab 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Carl E. Duckett.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Carl E. Duckett.md @@ -15,23 +15,23 @@ Carl E. Duckett was an American intelligence official who headed the [[Central I ### Nuclear Intelligence Operations -Duckett became the recipient of intelligence on [[Israel]]'s nuclear program, which was routed to his office from sources like [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] and [[Los Alamos]] through the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s Office of Science and Technology. His work centered on assessing [[Israel]]'s nuclear capabilities and the potential for nuclear proliferation in the [[Middle East]].[^1] +Duckett became the recipient of intelligence on [[Israel]]'s nuclear program, which was routed to his office from sources like [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] and [[Los Alamos]] through the CIA's Office of Science and Technology. His work centered on assessing Israel's nuclear capabilities and the potential for nuclear proliferation in the [[Middle East]].[^1] ### Israeli Nuclear Estimates -Duckett's top-secret [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] estimate in 1968, which concluded that [[Israel]] had three or four nuclear bombs, was primarily based on his conviction that [[Zalman Mordecai Shapiro]] had smuggled over two hundred pounds of enriched uranium into [[Israel]]. This alleged smuggling was also a major factor in Duckett's 1974 estimate, which credited [[Israel]] with at least ten bombs. To Duckett and his colleagues, the case against Shapiro was unassailable, despite the lack of concrete proof of a chemical reprocessing plant in [[Israel]].[^2] +Duckett's top-secret CIA estimate in 1968, which concluded that Israel had three or four nuclear bombs, was primarily based on his conviction that [[Zalman Mordecai Shapiro]] had smuggled over two hundred pounds of enriched uranium into Israel. This alleged smuggling was also a major factor in Duckett's 1974 estimate, which credited Israel with at least ten bombs. To Duckett and his colleagues, the case against Shapiro was unassailable, despite the lack of concrete proof of a chemical reprocessing plant in Israel.[^2] ### Public Disclosure and Media Impact -Duckett's intelligence report on [[Israel]]'s nuclear arsenal, initially suppressed in 1968 by [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] and later by [[Richard Helms]], finally made its way onto the front page of the _New York Times_ in July 1970. This report provided the American public with its first account of the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s assessment of the Israeli nuclear arsenal, stating that the U.S. government had been operating on the assumption that [[Israel]] either possessed an atomic bomb or had component parts available for quick assembly.[^1] +Duckett's intelligence report on Israel's nuclear arsenal, initially suppressed in 1968 by [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] and later by [[Richard Helms]], finally made its way onto the front page of the _New York Times_ in July 1970. This report provided the American public with its first account of the CIA's assessment of the Israeli nuclear arsenal, stating that the U.S. government had been operating on the assumption that Israel either possessed an atomic bomb or had component parts available for quick assembly.[^1] ### Career-Ending Mistake -In March 1976, Duckett made a career-ending mistake by openly discussing [[Israel]]'s nuclear weapons at an informal seminar, stating that [[Israel]] was estimated to have ten to twenty nuclear weapons "available for use." This disclosure forced [[George H.W. Bush]], the newly installed [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] director, to issue a public statement assuming "full responsibility" and led to Duckett's retirement. Duckett later acknowledged that the rumors of his heavy drinking led to his departure, but insisted the real issue was Bush's unwillingness to promote him. His 1974 estimate remained the official American intelligence estimate until the early 1980s, despite being based on speculation and lacking specific intelligence.[^2] +In March 1976, Duckett made a career-ending mistake by openly discussing Israel's nuclear weapons at an informal seminar, stating that Israel was estimated to have ten to twenty nuclear weapons "available for use." This disclosure forced [[George H.W. Bush]], the newly installed CIA director, to issue a public statement assuming "full responsibility" and led to Duckett's retirement. Duckett later acknowledged that the rumors of his heavy drinking led to his departure, but insisted the real issue was Bush's unwillingness to promote him. His 1974 estimate remained the official American intelligence estimate until the early 1980s, despite being based on speculation and lacking specific intelligence.[^2] ### Psychic Research Programs -Beyond nuclear intelligence, Duckett was a key figure in the agency's involvement with psychic research, including the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program. Duckett, along with [[John McMahon]], was briefed on the remote viewing research at [[Stanford Research Institute]] (SRI) and suggested that the time was ripe for psychic spying on more sensitive targets overseas.[^3] +Beyond nuclear intelligence, Duckett was a key figure in the agency's involvement with psychic research, including the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program. Duckett, along with [[John McMahon]], was briefed on the remote viewing research at [[Stanford Research Institute]] (SRI) and suggested that the time was ripe for psychic spying on more sensitive targets overseas.[^3] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Carlos Amador.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Carlos Amador.md index 207a2581..67cf9cfe 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Carlos Amador.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Carlos Amador.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Carlos Amador was a pilot who planned to fly into Ilopango Air Base to pick up cocaine from Hangar No. 4 and transport it to Miami, according to a DEA cable. --- -Carlos Amador was a pilot who planned to fly into [[Ilopango Airbase]] to pick up [[cocaine]] from Hangar No. 4 and transport it to [[Miami]], according to a March 1986 [[DEA]] cable. Amador's planned flight provided direct evidence of the drug trafficking operation at the base where [[Felix Rodriguez]] and [[Oliver North]] managed the [[Contras|Contra]] resupply effort.[^1] +Carlos Amador was a pilot who planned to fly into [[Ilopango Airbase]] to pick up [[Cocaine]] from Hangar No. 4 and transport it to [[Miami]], according to a March 1986 [[DEA]] cable. Amador's planned flight provided direct evidence of the drug trafficking operation at the base where [[Felix Rodriguez]] and [[Oliver North]] managed the [[Contras|Contra]] resupply effort.[^1] ### The Ilopango Connection diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Carlos Cabezas.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Carlos Cabezas.md index 24a2dc51..71638c59 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Carlos Cabezas.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Carlos Cabezas.md @@ -38,33 +38,33 @@ Within weeks DEA agent Sandra Smith spotted Cabezas picking up two L.A. drug dea ### The Contra Cocaine Connection -Cabezas's cocaine came from two sources: Álvaro Carvajal Minota, a Colombian in San Francisco connected to the nascent [[Cali Drug Cartel]]; and a Costa Rican source that supplied higher-quality Peruvian cocaine. It was the Peruvian cocaine, Cabezas said, that belonged to the Contras.[^2] +Cabezas's cocaine came from two sources: Álvaro Carvajal Minota, a Colombian in San Francisco connected to the nascent [[Cali Drug Cartel]]; and a Costa Rican source that supplied higher-quality Peruvian cocaine. It was the Peruvian cocaine, Cabezas said, that belonged to the Contras.[^2] -In December 1981, Zavala sent Cabezas to Costa Rica to meet two of [[Norwin Meneses]]'s associates: [[Horacio Pereira]], a drug dealer and gambler known as "La Burra," and [[Troilo Sanchez|Troilo Sánchez]], a playboy brother of [[FDN]] leaders [[Aristides Sanchez|Aristides]] and [[Fernando Sanchez|Fernando Sánchez]]. Cabezas told [[Central Intelligence Agency]] investigators this meeting "was the genesis of an effort to raise money for the Contras by selling drugs."[^2] +In December 1981, Zavala sent Cabezas to Costa Rica to meet two of [[Norwin Meneses]]'s associates: [[Horacio Pereira]], a drug dealer and gambler known as "La Burra," and [[Troilo Sanchez|Troilo Sánchez]], a playboy brother of [[FDN]] leaders [[Aristides Sanchez|Aristides]] and [[Fernando Sanchez|Fernando Sánchez]]. Cabezas told [[Central Intelligence Agency]] investigators this meeting "was the genesis of an effort to raise money for the Contras by selling drugs."[^2] Horacio Pereira told Cabezas he was representing [[UDN-FARN]] and the FDN in Costa Rica and that the CIA would control the delivery of the money. When Pereira grew suspicious of Zavala's drinking and money management, he cut Zavala out and insisted Cabezas personally handle the Contra money. Cabezas agreed to a 50/50 profit split with Zavala in exchange for assuming financial responsibility.[^2] Cocaine from Costa Rica was smuggled inside woven Peruvian baskets. Each basket contained about a kilo of cocaine hidden inside wax-coated strings within the framework. Cabezas personally brought back twelve kilos during the first part of 1982, earning about $17,000. He told CIA inspectors that "Contra mules, typically airline flight attendants" were also bringing baskets into the United States.[^2] -Cabezas delivered drug money directly to FDN leader Aristides Sanchez at the Contras' [[Miami]] offices in a shopping center near the airport, and to Horacio Pereira or FDN logistics officer Joaquín "Pelón" Vega in [[Honduras]]. On average, Cabezas carried $64,000 on each of his twenty trips to [[Central America]], and once helped deliver about $250,000 to Pereira and Sánchez.[^2] +Cabezas delivered drug money directly to FDN leader Aristides Sanchez at the Contras' [[Miami]] offices in a shopping center near the airport, and to Horacio Pereira or FDN logistics officer Joaquín "Pelón" Vega in [[Honduras]]. On average, Cabezas carried $64,000 on each of his twenty trips to [[Central America]], and once helped deliver about $250,000 to Pereira and Sánchez.[^2] -### Meeting with CIA Agent "Iván Gómez" +### Meeting with CIA Agent "Iván Gómez" -In April or May 1982, Pereira and Troilo Sánchez introduced Cabezas to a man calling himself [[Ivan Gomez|Iván Gómez]], who identified himself as the CIA's "man in Costa Rica." Gómez told Cabezas he was there to "ensure that the profits from the cocaine went to the Contras and not into someone's pocket." Cabezas saw Gómez only once more, in late summer 1982.[^2] +In April or May 1982, Pereira and Troilo Sánchez introduced Cabezas to a man calling himself [[Ivan Gomez|Iván Gómez]], who identified himself as the CIA's "man in Costa Rica." Gómez told Cabezas he was there to "ensure that the profits from the cocaine went to the Contras and not into someone's pocket." Cabezas saw Gómez only once more, in late summer 1982.[^2] ### Arrest and Testimony On February 15, 1983, federal agents raided fourteen locations in the San Francisco area. Cabezas, his mother, and numerous others were arrested. Cabezas's attorney advised him to cooperate, and he became a government witness against Julio Zavala.[^2] -At Zavala's trial in late 1984, Cabezas testified under oath that drug profits were going to the Contras. Pages from his ledger books showing cocaine transactions with Contra official Fernando Sánchez were introduced into evidence. Zavala was convicted. Cabezas's testimony went unchallenged—and unreported. Though San Francisco media had extensively covered the arrests, not a single reporter covered the trial.[^2] +At Zavala's trial in late 1984, Cabezas testified under oath that drug profits were going to the Contras. Pages from his ledger books showing cocaine transactions with Contra official Fernando Sánchez were introduced into evidence. Zavala was convicted. Cabezas's testimony went unchallenged and unreported. Though San Francisco media had extensively covered the arrests, not a single reporter covered the trial.[^2] Cabezas pleaded guilty to drug charges in 1984 and served several years in prison. He later returned to Managua and was practicing law there as of 1998.[^1] ### Post-Series Interview -In December 1996, journalist [[Georg Hodel]] located Cabezas in Managua. Cabezas admitted on the record that he had delivered millions of dollars in drug money to the Contras and identified CIA agent Ivan Gómez as having direct knowledge of the operation. He provided names, dates, amounts, and pages from his drug ledgers. "We've got it," Hodel told [[Gary Webb]]. "Cabezas is willing to talk on the record."[[^3] +In December 1996, journalist [[Georg Hodel]] located Cabezas in Managua. Cabezas admitted on the record that he had delivered millions of dollars in drug money to the Contras and identified CIA agent Ivan Gómez as having direct knowledge of the operation. He provided names, dates, amounts, and pages from his drug ledgers. "We've got it," Hodel told [[Gary Webb]]. "Cabezas is willing to talk on the record."[[^3] -In 1987, Cabezas had written to [[Doyle McManus|McManus]] of the [[Los Angeles Times|L.A. Times]] after McManus reported there was "no supporting evidence" for Contra drug allegations, telling the reporter: "I am going to tell you that there was indeed 'supporting evidence,' hidden by the government." Cabezas described his trip to Costa Rica with $250,000 and noted the FBI made no attempt to stop him despite his traveling with an FBI informant. He also told McManus the FBI had tape-recorded conversations between Fernando Sánchez, Troilo Sánchez, and himself about drug transactions. McManus replied asking Cabezas to substantiate his "allegations" and inquired about Sandinista drug trafficking. Cabezas sent documents about the Contras and never heard from McManus again.[^3] +In 1987, Cabezas had written to [[Doyle McManus|McManus]] of the [[Los Angeles Times|L.A. Times]] after McManus reported there was "no supporting evidence" for Contra drug allegations, telling the reporter: "I am going to tell you that there was indeed 'supporting evidence,' hidden by the government." Cabezas described his trip to Costa Rica with $250,000 and noted the FBI made no attempt to stop him despite his traveling with an FBI informant. He also told McManus the FBI had tape-recorded conversations between Fernando Sánchez, Troilo Sánchez, and himself about drug transactions. McManus replied asking Cabezas to substantiate his "allegations" and inquired about Sandinista drug trafficking. Cabezas sent documents about the Contras and never heard from McManus again.[^3] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Chepita Blandon.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Chepita Blandon.md index 30490ca4..7123c5c1 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Chepita Blandon.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Chepita Blandon.md @@ -6,21 +6,21 @@ tags: - Nicaragua - Contra - 1980s -summary: Danilo Blandón's wife, identified by the DEA as closely involved in his trafficking activities, who was arrested in 1992 and had all charges dropped when her husband agreed to become a DEA informant. +summary: Danilo Blandón's wife, identified by the DEA as closely involved in his trafficking activities, who was arrested in 1992 and had all charges dropped when her husband agreed to become a DEA informant. --- -Chepita Blandón was the wife of [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] who was identified by the [[DEA]] as being closely involved in her husband's cocaine trafficking activities.[^1] +Chepita Blandón was the wife of [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] who was identified by the [[DEA]] as being closely involved in her husband's cocaine trafficking activities.[^1] ### Trafficking Activities -Chepita was a member of the wealthy Murillo family of [[Nicaragua]]. Her uncle, [[Orlando Murillo]], was an economist who served on the board of Nicaragua's Central Bank before the revolution and was a suspected money launderer for the Blandón organization. The DEA opened a NADDIS file on Chepita on March 15, 1985, after she was reported as a "member of a cocaine distribution organization." Despite this, she was granted U.S. political asylum later that same year.[^2] +Chepita was a member of the wealthy Murillo family of [[Nicaragua]]. Her uncle, [[Orlando Murillo]], was an economist who served on the board of Nicaragua's Central Bank before the revolution and was a suspected money launderer for the Blandón organization. The DEA opened a NADDIS file on Chepita on March 15, 1985, after she was reported as a "member of a cocaine distribution organization." Despite this, she was granted U.S. political asylum later that same year.[^2] ### Arrest and Cooperation -Chepita was arrested alongside Blandón on May 5, 1992, as part of a conspiracy case that carried a mandatory life sentence. All charges against her were dropped when Blandón agreed to become a full-time paid DEA informant. She was subsequently made a naturalized [[United States|U.S.]] citizen.[^3] +Chepita was arrested alongside Blandón on May 5, 1992, as part of a conspiracy case that carried a mandatory life sentence. All charges against her were dropped when Blandón agreed to become a full-time paid DEA informant. She was subsequently made a naturalized [[United States|U.S.]] citizen.[^3] ### Role in Drug Operations -Chepita was involved in the financial operations of Blandón's trafficking network. After Blandón moved to [[Miami]], Ross wired drug money to [[Florida]] in Chepita's name, which Blandón said was paid to [[Roger Sandino]]. Chepita also called [[Ricky Ross]] to invite him to dinner and pressure him to find someone to sell drugs, as part of the DEA sting operation that led to Ross's arrest.[^4] +Chepita was involved in the financial operations of Blandón's trafficking network. After Blandón moved to [[Miami]], Ross wired drug money to [[Florida]] in Chepita's name, which Blandón said was paid to [[Roger Sandino]]. Chepita also called [[Ricky Ross]] to invite him to dinner and pressure him to find someone to sell drugs, as part of the DEA sting operation that led to Ross's arrest.[^4] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Cleve Backster.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Cleve Backster.md index a5b9308a..2b02ea2e 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Cleve Backster.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Cleve Backster.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ location: "Lafayette Township, New Jersey" In 1966, Backster conducted an experiment where he attached polygraph electrodes to a plant and observed its responses to his thoughts, including the intention to harm it. He claimed the plant showed a measurable reaction, leading him to believe in a form of [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] in plant life. He published his findings as "Evidence of a Primary Perception in Plant Life," which became the subject of the bestselling book *The Secret Life of Plants*.[^1] -Backster's work, while widely criticized by mainstream scientists for lacking scientific rigor, caught the attention of [[Hal Puthoff]], who was interested in exploring the boundaries of [[Animate Physics]]. Backster also conducted experiments with [[Ingo Swann]], who later became a key figure in the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]].[^1] +Backster's work, while widely criticized by mainstream scientists for lacking scientific rigor, caught the attention of [[Hal Puthoff]], who was interested in exploring the boundaries of [[Animate Physics]]. Backster also conducted experiments with [[Ingo Swann]], who later became a key figure in the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]].[^1] --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Clifford Alexander.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Clifford Alexander.md index 5802df67..24caa11a 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Clifford Alexander.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Clifford Alexander.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ died: 2022-07-03 location: "Harlem, New York City" --- -[[Clifford Alexander]] was the U.S. Secretary of the [[U.S. Army|Army]] during the early years of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]]. He tacitly supported the program, along with [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] commander [[William Rolya]] and Army Chief of Staff [[Edward Meyer]]. His support, though not always overt, contributed to the project's ability to continue operating despite its controversial nature and minimal budget.[^1] +[[Clifford Alexander]] was the U.S. Secretary of the [[U.S. Army|Army]] during the early years of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]]. He tacitly supported the program, along with [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] commander [[William Rolya]] and Army Chief of Staff [[Edward Meyer]]. His support, though not always overt, contributed to the project's ability to continue operating despite its controversial nature and minimal budget.[^1] --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Craig Chretien.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Craig Chretien.md index 55c0d1c6..c063996e 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Craig Chretien.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Craig Chretien.md @@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ Craig Chretien was a [[DEA]] Special Agent in Charge of the National City region ### Meeting with Gary Webb -On October 19, 1995, Chretien hosted Webb in a room with six DEA agents, including [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s handlers Chuck Jones and Judy Gustafson. Chretien opened by telling Webb that his reporting was getting into "rather sensitive areas" and was endangering undercover operations and putting agents' families at risk. He asked Webb to leave out the fact that Blandón was working for the DEA. "Your story can just go up to a certain point and stop, can't it?" Chretien asked.[^1] +On October 19, 1995, Chretien hosted Webb in a room with six DEA agents, including [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s handlers Chuck Jones and Judy Gustafson. Chretien opened by telling Webb that his reporting was getting into "rather sensitive areas" and was endangering undercover operations and putting agents' families at risk. He asked Webb to leave out the fact that Blandón was working for the DEA. "Your story can just go up to a certain point and stop, can't it?" Chretien asked.[^1] -When Webb mentioned that his story was about Blandón, [[Norwin Meneses]], the [[Contras]], and [[Ricky Ross]], Chretien dismissed the Contra connection: "That whole Central American thing. I was down there. You heard all sorts of things. There was never any proof that the Contras were dealing drugs." Chretien proposed that the DEA might help Webb obtain information on Meneses if Webb would focus his story on Meneses rather than Blandón and omit "some other things."[^1] +When Webb mentioned that his story was about Blandón, [[Norwin Meneses]], the [[Contras]], and [[Ricky Ross]], Chretien dismissed the Contra connection: "That whole Central American thing. I was down there. You heard all sorts of things. There was never any proof that the Contras were dealing drugs." Chretien proposed that the DEA might help Webb obtain information on Meneses if Webb would focus his story on Meneses rather than Blandón and omit "some other things."[^1] ### Investigation of Celerino Castillo diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Crossan Andersen.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Crossan Andersen.md index 07a9e564..52b25a8f 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Crossan Andersen.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Crossan Andersen.md @@ -13,13 +13,13 @@ tags: - DarkAllianceInvestigation summary: "Federal prosecutor in Los Angeles who took the Danilo Blandon case to the Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force and described it as 'a sensitive matter' involving CIA allegations." --- -Crossan Andersen was a federal prosecutor in the Los Angeles U.S. Attorney's office who agreed to take the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] drug case to the Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force (OCDETF) in November 1986.[^1] +Crossan Andersen was a federal prosecutor in the Los Angeles U.S. Attorney's office who agreed to take the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] drug case to the Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force (OCDETF) in November 1986.[^1] ### "A Sensitive Matter" On November 25, 1986, Andersen wrote to the IRS criminal investigation division in Laguna Niguel, asking for agents to assist with the case. "As you know," Andersen wrote, "this is a narcotics investigation involving [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]], [[DEA]], and [[LASD Major Violators|LASO]] units in Riverside and Whittier, California. It is a sensitive matter since it involves allegations of drug running in support of the Contra movement in Nicaragua and wholly unconfirmed allegations of [[Central Intelligence Agency]] involvement."[^1] -The same morning Andersen dictated his letter, President [[Ronald Reagan]] and Attorney General Edwin Meese were publicly announcing the [[Iran-Contra Affair]], revealing that millions from Iranian missile sales had been illegally diverted to the [[Contras]] by [[Oliver North]]. The timing was not coincidental; the Blandón case and the Iran-Contra scandal were converging.[^1] +The same morning Andersen dictated his letter, President [[Ronald Reagan]] and Attorney General Edwin Meese were publicly announcing the [[Iran-Contra Affair]], revealing that millions from Iranian missile sales had been illegally diverted to the [[Contras]] by [[Oliver North]]. The timing was not coincidental; the Blandón case and the Iran-Contra scandal were converging.[^1] ### Closing the Investigation diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Dale Graff.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Dale Graff.md index 3deede04..9ee1659d 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Dale Graff.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Dale Graff.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ updated: 2026-09-22 --- -[[Dale Graff]] is a [[U.S. Air Force]] civilian scientist who played a significant role in the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]]. He worked in the Foreign Technology Division at [[Wright-Patterson Air Force Base]] in Ohio, where he was responsible for keeping the Air Force and [[Department of Defense|DoD]] planners aware of cutting-edge military research in the [[Soviet Union]] and [[China]].[^1] +[[Dale Graff]] is a [[U.S. Air Force]] civilian scientist who played a significant role in the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]]. He worked in the Foreign Technology Division at [[Wright-Patterson Air Force Base]] in Ohio, where he was responsible for keeping the Air Force and [[Department of Defense|DoD]] planners aware of cutting-edge military research in the [[Soviet Union]] and [[China]].[^1] Graff's interest in [[Psi|psi]] phenomena stemmed from a personal experience in 1968, where he had a profound [[Out-of-Body Experience|out-of-body experience]] while caught in a rip current. This led him to research anomalous mental phenomena, and he later sought to integrate psychic abilities into military applications.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Danilo Blandon.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Danilo Blandon.md index 1ada85b2..00dc75dd 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Danilo Blandon.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Danilo Blandon.md @@ -4,8 +4,28 @@ aliases: - Danilo Blandon - Danilo Blandón Reyes - Oscar Danilo Blandón +relations: + - type: partner_of + with: "[[Norwin Meneses]]" + start: 1982 + role: "cocaine supply" + fn: 16 + - type: spouse_of + with: "[[Chepita Blandon]]" + fn: 1 + - type: informant_for + with: "[[DEA]]" + start: 1992 + role: "cooperating witness, then paid informant from 1994" + fn: 16 + - type: prosecuted + with: "[[LJ Oneale]]" + reverse: true + start: 1992-05-05 + end: 1994-09-19 + fn: 16 created: 2026-05-17 -updated: 2026-05-17 +updated: 2026-09-22 category: "Key Figures" tags: - Person @@ -18,185 +38,185 @@ summary: "Nicaraguan cocaine trafficker who operated a multimillion-dollar distr born: 1951-07-29 location: "Managua, Nicaragua" --- -"Oscar" Danilo Blandón Reyes was a [[Nicaragua|Nicaraguan]] cocaine trafficker who operated a multiton distribution ring in [[Los Angeles]] from 1981 to 1991.[^2] Blandón was the first major trafficker to establish a direct connection between [[South Central Los Angeles|South Central L.A.]] street gangs and the [[Colombia|Colombian]] cocaine cartels. He was the longtime primary supplier to [[Ricky Ross|"Freeway" Ricky Ross]], the leader of South Central L.A.'s largest [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] distribution network. +"Oscar" Danilo Blandón Reyes was a [[Nicaragua|Nicaraguan]] cocaine trafficker who operated a multiton distribution ring in [[Los Angeles]] from 1981 to 1991.[^2] Blandón was the first major trafficker to establish a direct connection between [[South Central Los Angeles|South Central L.A.]] street gangs and the [[Colombia|Colombian]] cocaine cartels. He was the longtime primary supplier to [[Ricky Ross|"Freeway" Ricky Ross]], the leader of South Central L.A.'s largest [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] distribution network. ### Family Background and Early Life -Blandón was the second son of a wealthy landowning family deeply embedded in the [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]] power structure.[^3] His father, Julio Blandón, owned the land on which was built one of the worst slums in [[Managua]] - OPEN #3, an emergency housing district built after the 1972 earthquake leveled the city. The neighborhood, later renamed Ciudad Sandino and numbering over 70,000 residents, was a constant source of recruits for the [[Sandinistas]]. Economist [[Orlando Murillo]], an uncle of Blandón's wife, stated: "It was called Via Misery. People there lived like the niggers in Los Angeles. But it made Danilo's father a very rich man." +Blandón was the second son of a wealthy landowning family deeply embedded in the [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]] power structure.[^3] His father, Julio Blandón, owned the land on which was built one of the worst slums in [[Managua]] - OPEN #3, an emergency housing district built after the 1972 earthquake leveled the city. The neighborhood, later renamed Ciudad Sandino and numbering over 70,000 residents, was a constant source of recruits for the [[Sandinistas]]. Economist [[Orlando Murillo]], an uncle of Blandón's wife, stated: "It was called Via Misery. People there lived like the niggers in Los Angeles. But it made Danilo's father a very rich man." -The Blandóns were social friends of the Somozas and shared common business interests; Julio Blandón and Somoza were two of the biggest landlords in Managua. Blandón's mother was from the Reyes family - his grandfather was Colonel Rigoberto Reyes, former minister of war and [[Nicaraguan National Guard|National Guard]] commander under Somoza's father, Anastasio I. +The Blandóns were social friends of the Somozas and shared common business interests; Julio Blandón and Somoza were two of the biggest landlords in Managua. Blandón's mother was from the Reyes family - his grandfather was Colonel Rigoberto Reyes, former minister of war and [[Nicaraguan National Guard|National Guard]] commander under Somoza's father, Anastasio I. -Blandón's in-laws, the Murillos, were stalwarts of Somoza's Liberal party. The Murillos had provided leaders for the National Assembly for generations. Orlando Murillo's father had been the assembly's president, and [[Chepita Blandon|Chepita Blandón]]'s father had been Managua's mayor. The Murillos owned large tracts of the capital, including the national telecommunications company headquarters, along with cattle ranches and plantations. +Blandón's in-laws, the Murillos, were stalwarts of Somoza's Liberal party. The Murillos had provided leaders for the National Assembly for generations. Orlando Murillo's father had been the assembly's president, and [[Chepita Blandon|Chepita Blandón]]'s father had been Managua's mayor. The Murillos owned large tracts of the capital, including the national telecommunications company headquarters, along with cattle ranches and plantations. ### Pre-Revolution Career -Blandón held a cushy government job as director of wholesale markets, running a program to introduce a free-market economy to Nicaragua's farmers. The $27 million program was jointly financed by the Nicaraguan and [[United States|U.S.]] governments and paid for his M.B.A. from the University of Colombia in [[Bogota|Bogotá]]. He also ran an import-export company, a travel agency, and a firm with a lucrative contract to supply American food to the Nicaraguan National Guard. +Blandón held a cushy government job as director of wholesale markets, running a program to introduce a free-market economy to Nicaragua's farmers. The $27 million program was jointly financed by the Nicaraguan and [[United States|U.S.]] governments and paid for his M.B.A. from the University of Colombia in [[Bogota|Bogotá]]. He also ran an import-export company, a travel agency, and a firm with a lucrative contract to supply American food to the Nicaraguan National Guard. ### Flight from Nicaragua -Blandón stayed in Managua through the first weeks of June 1979 as Sandinista forces closed in.[^3] On June 19, 1979, he placed his wife and three-year-old daughter on a flight for Los Angeles, where Chepita had relatives, while he and his brother Julio Jr. flew to [[Miami]]. His cousin Flor Reyes said he arrived "[with] one hand in the front and one in the back." Blandón claimed he arrived with only $100 after selling a Sony television; Orlando Murillo said he paid for the airline tickets and gave the couple $5,000. +Blandón stayed in Managua through the first weeks of June 1979 as Sandinista forces closed in.[^3] On June 19, 1979, he placed his wife and three-year-old daughter on a flight for Los Angeles, where Chepita had relatives, while he and his brother Julio Jr. flew to [[Miami]]. His cousin Flor Reyes said he arrived "[with] one hand in the front and one in the back." Blandón claimed he arrived with only $100 after selling a Sony television; Orlando Murillo said he paid for the airline tickets and gave the couple $5,000. -After briefly washing cars in Miami, Blandón rejoined his family in Los Angeles in early July 1979, landing a job as a salesman at Torres Used Cars in East Los Angeles, run by two Nicaraguan brothers ([[Jacinto Torres|Jacinto]] and [[Edgar Torres]]) who would later become major [[cocaine]] traffickers known as "the Trees" or "the Twin Towers." +After briefly washing cars in Miami, Blandón rejoined his family in Los Angeles in early July 1979, landing a job as a salesman at Torres Used Cars in East Los Angeles, run by two Nicaraguan brothers ([[Jacinto Torres|Jacinto]] and [[Edgar Torres]]) who would later become major [[Cocaine]] traffickers known as "the Trees" or "the Twin Towers." ### Contra Fundraising and FDN Chapter -Blandón claimed his was the first organized Contra group in Los Angeles, calling themselves the [[FDN]]:[^3] "I was the first. We formed a group in L.A. to go and fight against the Sandinistas that we called FDN. We were five people in charge of it in L.A. We were in charge to get some money." +Blandón claimed his was the first organized Contra group in Los Angeles, calling themselves the [[FDN]]:[^3] "I was the first. We formed a group in L.A. to go and fight against the Sandinistas that we called FDN. We were five people in charge of it in L.A. We were in charge to get some money." -In 1981, CIA agent [[Enrique Bermudez|Enrique Bermúdez]] visited Blandón's group, gave a pep talk, and asked them to adopt the FDN colors and flag. Blandón's group began raising funds through car theft and loan fraud, using Blandón's credit history to obtain auto loans for vehicles sent to the Contras in [[Honduras]]. "We were the first people, the first group that sent a pickup truck to the Contra revolution in Honduras," Blandón said. When the organization failed to make payments, Blandón lost his credit: "But at that time I didn't care because they [the Contras] were my idea, my cause." +In 1981, CIA agent [[Enrique Bermudez|Enrique Bermúdez]] visited Blandón's group, gave a pep talk, and asked them to adopt the FDN colors and flag. Blandón's group began raising funds through car theft and loan fraud, using Blandón's credit history to obtain auto loans for vehicles sent to the Contras in [[Honduras]]. "We were the first people, the first group that sent a pickup truck to the Contra revolution in Honduras," Blandón said. When the organization failed to make payments, Blandón lost his credit: "But at that time I didn't care because they [the Contras] were my idea, my cause." -Blandón testified before a federal grand jury (Grand Jury Number 93-5, Northern District of California) on February 3, 1994, that he had begun dealing cocaine to raise funds for the [[Contras]] in Los Angeles during the early 1980s.[^1] According to Blandón, after [[Ronald Reagan]] took office, the CIA decided his fundraising services were no longer required, and he continued in the drug business on his own. +Blandón testified before a federal grand jury (Grand Jury Number 93-5, Northern District of California) on February 3, 1994, that he had begun dealing cocaine to raise funds for the [[Contras]] in Los Angeles during the early 1980s.[^1] According to Blandón, after [[Ronald Reagan]] took office, the CIA decided his fundraising services were no longer required, and he continued in the drug business on his own. ### Los Angeles Operations -After being sent to Los Angeles by [[Norwin Meneses]] to sell cocaine, Blandón struggled to establish a customer base in a city he didn't know, unlike [[San Francisco]] where Meneses's drug network was well established. While distributing cocaine, Blandón served as Meneses's "administrator" in L.A., keeping the books for the drug operation, collecting money from customers, and delivering cash to pay Meneses's Colombian cocaine suppliers. Blandón made clear that the profits from the L.A. operation went to the Contra revolution: "whatever we were running in L.A. goes - the profit is - was going to the Contra revolution."[^4] +After being sent to Los Angeles by [[Norwin Meneses]] to sell cocaine, Blandón struggled to establish a customer base in a city he didn't know, unlike [[San Francisco]] where Meneses's drug network was well established. While distributing cocaine, Blandón served as Meneses's "administrator" in L.A., keeping the books for the drug operation, collecting money from customers, and delivering cash to pay Meneses's Colombian cocaine suppliers. Blandón made clear that the profits from the L.A. operation went to the Contra revolution: "whatever we were running in L.A. goes - the profit is - was going to the Contra revolution."[^4] -Meneses also opened a restaurant on Hoover Street in East Los Angeles called the Chicalina, which Blandón helped oversee. Blandón described it to a federal grand jury as a "marketing" operation. In August 1982, Blandón and Maritza Meneses set up JDM Artwork Inc., a silk-screen printing company that quickly became part of the Contras' support network in Los Angeles. [[ARDE]] commander [[Eden Pastora]] visited the firm during a trip to L.A. in 1982, and it printed T-shirts with his likeness. Former Pastora aide Carol Prado claimed the company was used to launder money from drug sales for the Contras. A former associate also claimed the company printed counterfeit twenty-dollar bills that provided operating cash for the FDN.[^4] +Meneses also opened a restaurant on Hoover Street in East Los Angeles called the Chicalina, which Blandón helped oversee. Blandón described it to a federal grand jury as a "marketing" operation. In August 1982, Blandón and Maritza Meneses set up JDM Artwork Inc., a silk-screen printing company that quickly became part of the Contras' support network in Los Angeles. [[ARDE]] commander [[Eden Pastora]] visited the firm during a trip to L.A. in 1982, and it printed T-shirts with his likeness. Former Pastora aide Carol Prado claimed the company was used to launder money from drug sales for the Contras. A former associate also claimed the company printed counterfeit twenty-dollar bills that provided operating cash for the FDN.[^4] ### Partnership with Ronald Lister -Blandón picked up [[Ronald Lister]] as a partner shortly after going to work for Meneses in late 1981 or early 1982. Lister would remain at Blandón's side for seven years. Blandón told Justice Department interviewers that he and Meneses "entered into an informal partnership [with Lister] for the purpose of selling weapons abroad," specifically in [[El Salvador]]. The plan was for the three partners "to get their share of the profits in weapons, which they would then give to the Contras." Lister introduced a weapons and sophisticated electronics dimension to Blandón's drug ring, though Blandón said he "never believed Lister because he lied too much" about his claimed CIA connections.[^4] +Blandón picked up [[Ronald Lister]] as a partner shortly after going to work for Meneses in late 1981 or early 1982. Lister would remain at Blandón's side for seven years. Blandón told [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] interviewers that he and Meneses "entered into an informal partnership [with Lister] for the purpose of selling weapons abroad," specifically in [[El Salvador]]. The plan was for the three partners "to get their share of the profits in weapons, which they would then give to the Contras." Lister introduced a weapons and sophisticated electronics dimension to Blandón's drug ring, though Blandón said he "never believed Lister because he lied too much" about his claimed CIA connections.[^4] ### Split from Meneses -Blandón testified that when Ronald Reagan took office and the CIA began funding the Contras directly in 1983, he stopped sending cocaine profits to the Contras. "In 1983, okay, the Contra gets a lot of money from the United States," he told a federal grand jury in 1994. "And the people that was in charge, it was the CIA, so they didn't want to raise any money because they had the money that they wanted." He claimed he then went into business for himself: "So we started — you know, the ambitious person, we started doing business by ourselves."[^5] +Blandón testified that when Ronald Reagan took office and the CIA began funding the Contras directly in 1983, he stopped sending cocaine profits to the Contras. "In 1983, okay, the Contra gets a lot of money from the United States," he told a federal grand jury in 1994. "And the people that was in charge, it was the CIA, so they didn't want to raise any money because they had the money that they wanted." He claimed he then went into business for himself: "So we started, you know, the ambitious person, we started doing business by ourselves."[^5] -However, substantial evidence contradicts Blandón's timeline. FBI and DEA files showed Blandón and Meneses were still working together as late as 1991. In August 1986, their NADDIS files listed both men as current associates. An August 1986 DEA report stated: "The principal group is controlled by Blandón and is the focal point for drug supply and money laundering for the others. The other group is run by Meneses and is located principally in the San Francisco area... Per CI cocaine is often transported to the Blandón association and then from Blandón to Meneses in San Francisco." Blandón's associate Jacinto Torres told the FBI in 1992 that "Blandón's supplier as of 1984 continued to be Norwin Meneses" and that Meneses was flying planeloads of 200 to 400 kilograms from Miami. Jairo Meneses was arrested on November 26, 1984, the same day Blandón and Meneses were celebrating a 40-50 kilo drug deal at Meneses's house - roughly two years after Blandón claims he quit dealing with Norwin. [[Rafael Cornejo]] confirmed Blandón and Meneses were still working together in 1984.[^5] +However, substantial evidence contradicts Blandón's timeline. FBI and DEA files showed Blandón and Meneses were still working together as late as 1991. In August 1986, their NADDIS files listed both men as current associates. An August 1986 DEA report stated: "The principal group is controlled by Blandón and is the focal point for drug supply and money laundering for the others. The other group is run by Meneses and is located principally in the San Francisco area... Per CI cocaine is often transported to the Blandón association and then from Blandón to Meneses in San Francisco." Blandón's associate Jacinto Torres told the FBI in 1992 that "Blandón's supplier as of 1984 continued to be Norwin Meneses" and that Meneses was flying planeloads of 200 to 400 kilograms from Miami. Jairo Meneses was arrested on November 26, 1984, the same day Blandón and Meneses were celebrating a 40-50 kilo drug deal at Meneses's house - roughly two years after Blandón claims he quit dealing with Norwin. [[Rafael Cornejo]] confirmed Blandón and Meneses were still working together in 1984.[^5] -A 1990 DEA report stated the two "disassociated" in 1984 but had reunited by the late 1980s to head "a criminal organization that operate(s) internationally from Colombia and Bolivia, through the Bahamas, Costa Rica, or Nicaragua to the United States." The ring was getting cocaine from the politically connected Suarez family in Bolivia and the Ochoa family in Colombia, founders of the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín cartel]]. The Bolivian cocaine came through Miami and the Colombians' powder landed in L.A.[^5] +A 1990 DEA report stated the two "disassociated" in 1984 but had reunited by the late 1980s to head "a criminal organization that operate(s) internationally from Colombia and Bolivia, through the Bahamas, [[Costa Rica]], or Nicaragua to the United States." The ring was getting cocaine from the politically connected Suarez family in Bolivia and the Ochoa family in Colombia, founders of the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín cartel]]. The Bolivian cocaine came through Miami and the Colombians' powder landed in L.A.[^5] ### Expansion of Drug Operations -As 1982 drew to a close, Blandón's cocaine trafficking business in Los Angeles exploded. Almost overnight he went from receiving small one- or two-kilo packages to multimillion-dollar loads. Lister described the logistics: "I'd go over to D's [Blandón's] house, take my Mercedes over there, put three U-Haul boxes which will cover about 100 keys, about 33 per box plus one you'd squeeze in, in the trunk, go over to south L.A. It was the slickest deal you've ever seen." Two interrelated reasons drove this expansion: the arrival of crack cocaine smoking in Los Angeles, and a street-smart ghetto teenager who would come to be known as "Freeway" Rick.[^4] +As 1982 drew to a close, Blandón's cocaine trafficking business in Los Angeles exploded. Almost overnight he went from receiving small one- or two-kilo packages to multimillion-dollar loads. Lister described the logistics: "I'd go over to D's [Blandón's] house, take my Mercedes over there, put three U-Haul boxes which will cover about 100 keys, about 33 per box plus one you'd squeeze in, in the trunk, go over to south L.A. It was the slickest deal you've ever seen." Two interrelated reasons drove this expansion: the arrival of crack cocaine smoking in Los Angeles, and a street-smart ghetto teenager who would come to be known as "Freeway" Rick.[^4] ### Path to Ricky Ross -Blandón observed the cocaine operation run by Ivan Arguellas (also known as Claudio Villavicencio), another Nicaraguan exile, who was supplying Ross in South Central L.A. "I wished I could have known Ricky... because all the time I want to grow in the business," Blandón said. He was jealous - despite all his work for Norwin Meneses (keeping books, working for the Contras, helping run the restaurant and T-shirt company), Meneses was charging him $60,000 a kilo and taking nearly every penny. "I didn't have my own car. I have to rent cars. I used to work with him, you know, coming from San Francisco, going back, and I thought, 'Hey, what are you doing? You're not doing nothing, you know? You're not making no - no money.'"[^5] +Blandón observed the cocaine operation run by Ivan Arguellas (also known as Claudio Villavicencio), another Nicaraguan exile, who was supplying Ross in South Central L.A. "I wished I could have known Ricky... because all the time I want to grow in the business," Blandón said. He was jealous - despite all his work for Norwin Meneses (keeping books, working for the Contras, helping run the restaurant and T-shirt company), Meneses was charging him $60,000 a kilo and taking nearly every penny. "I didn't have my own car. I have to rent cars. I used to work with him, you know, coming from San Francisco, going back, and I thought, 'Hey, what are you doing? You're not doing nothing, you know? You're not making no - no money.'"[^5] -Blandón got his break when Ivan Arguellas was shot by his wife and paralyzed. Ivan's brother-in-law, [[Henry Corrales]], took over but had no cocaine sources beyond Blandón. Blandón supplied Henry, who sold to Ross, splitting commissions fifty-fifty. By late 1982 or early 1983, Corrales was selling Ross 10 to 15 kilos a week - roughly 50 kilos a month. But Corrales grew paranoid from the volume and decided to retire to Honduras. Before leaving, he introduced Blandón directly to Ross, in exchange for continuing commissions. The meeting took place at the home of Mary Monroe, a friend of Ross. Blandón recalled Ross's operation: "We went to an apartment... there was a guy with a shotgun: 'Who are you?' We identify ourselves, then you have to pass another guy with another machine gun. And inside, near the dinner table in the living room, there were about five guys, and all the guys were there with a gun at the table."[^5] +Blandón got his break when Ivan Arguellas was shot by his wife and paralyzed. Ivan's brother-in-law, [[Henry Corrales]], took over but had no cocaine sources beyond Blandón. Blandón supplied Henry, who sold to Ross, splitting commissions fifty-fifty. By late 1982 or early 1983, Corrales was selling Ross 10 to 15 kilos a week - roughly 50 kilos a month. But Corrales grew paranoid from the volume and decided to retire to Honduras. Before leaving, he introduced Blandón directly to Ross, in exchange for continuing commissions. The meeting took place at the home of Mary Monroe, a friend of Ross. Blandón recalled Ross's operation: "We went to an apartment... there was a guy with a shotgun: 'Who are you?' We identify ourselves, then you have to pass another guy with another machine gun. And inside, near the dinner table in the living room, there were about five guys, and all the guys were there with a gun at the table."[^5] -Blandón said his direct sales to Ross grew geometrically: "In those times, there were one, two, three, four, five, six, maybe seven a day. Every day." At seven kilos a day, that meant over 200 kilos per month. During 1982 and 1983, Blandón said he and Meneses brought "three or four" planeloads of cocaine from Miami to Los Angeles, with each load ranging between 200 and 400 kilos according to the Torres brothers. These flights continued until at least 1984.[^5] +Blandón said his direct sales to Ross grew geometrically: "In those times, there were one, two, three, four, five, six, maybe seven a day. Every day." At seven kilos a day, that meant over 200 kilos per month. During 1982 and 1983, Blandón said he and Meneses brought "three or four" planeloads of cocaine from Miami to Los Angeles, with each load ranging between 200 and 400 kilos according to the Torres brothers. These flights continued until at least 1984.[^5] ### Criminal History -Blandón was secretly indicted on May 5, 1992, along with six others including his wife Chepita Blandón, for conspiring to distribute cocaine.[^1] He had been buying wholesale quantities from suppliers and reselling to other wholesalers nationwide. He bragged on tape of selling between two and four tons of cocaine to L.A. dealers. The judge ordered him and his wife held without bail, declaring they posed "a threat to the health and moral fiber of the community." +Blandón was secretly indicted on May 5, 1992, along with six others including his wife Chepita Blandón, for conspiring to distribute cocaine.[^1] On May 15, 1992, INS agent [[Robert Tellez]] asked him to come to the INS office to collect his green card, and DEA agents arrested him and his wife when he arrived.[^16] He had been buying wholesale quantities from suppliers and reselling to other wholesalers nationwide. He bragged on tape of selling between two and four tons of cocaine to L.A. dealers. The judge ordered him and his wife held without bail, declaring they posed "a threat to the health and moral fiber of the community." -Blandón's wife Chepita Blandón was identified by the [[DEA]] as being closely involved in his trafficking activities. +Blandón's wife Chepita Blandón was identified by the [[DEA]] as being closely involved in his trafficking activities. ### U.S. Political Asylum -In 1984, despite being known to the DEA as a major cocaine trafficker, Blandón was granted political asylum by the U.S. State Department after two earlier rejections. The DEA had opened a NADDIS file on Blandón on May 24, 1983, after receiving a tip from a confidential informant that he was a member of a cocaine trafficking organization. His attorney [[Brad Brunon|Bradley Brunon]] stated in court in 1992 that the DEA's knowledge of Blandón's drug dealing stretched back even further: "I have some 300 DEA-6 reports regarding Mr. Blandón, and the reports relate to activities between approximately 1981 and May 1992." In early 1984, while Blandón's asylum application was under review, the DEA learned from an informant that he was "the head" of his own cocaine distribution organization based in Los Angeles.[^6] +Blandón entered the United States on a business visa on June 17, 1979, and applied for asylum in Los Angeles on February 15, 1980. The INS denied the request on January 25, 1983; on June 27, 1983, he filed a new application before an immigration judge, who granted it on August 19, 1985, finding that he had "a well-founded fear of prosecution" if returned to Nicaragua. The earliest information on him in DEA files dated from March 1983, but the Justice Department's inspector general concluded that "the DEA had not conducted investigations of him before 1986."[^16] Gary Webb wrote that the DEA opened a NADDIS file on Blandón on May 24, 1983, after a confidential informant named him as a member of a cocaine trafficking organization.[^6] His attorney [[Brad Brunon|Bradley Brunon]] stated in court in 1992 that the DEA's knowledge of Blandón's drug dealing stretched back even further: "I have some 300 DEA-6 reports regarding Mr. Blandón, and the reports relate to activities between approximately 1981 and May 1992." In early 1984, while Blandón's asylum application was under review, the DEA learned from an informant that he was "the head" of his own cocaine distribution organization based in Los Angeles.[^6] -The same pattern occurred with Blandón's wife, Chepita. In early 1985 she was reported to the DEA as a "member of a cocaine distribution organization," and the agency opened a NADDIS file on her on March 15, 1985. Later that same year she was granted political asylum. Immigration experts noted that normally even the slightest hint of drug involvement results in deportation, and State Department policy requires checking with the DEA before approving asylum applications. When the Justice Department's Inspector General examined the Blandóns' immigration records, he found them "in disarray."[^6] +The same pattern occurred with Blandón's wife, Chepita. In early 1985 she was reported to the DEA as a "member of a cocaine distribution organization," and the agency opened a NADDIS file on her on March 15, 1985. Later that same year she was granted political asylum. Immigration experts noted that normally even the slightest hint of drug involvement results in deportation, and [[State Department]] policy requires checking with the DEA before approving asylum applications. When the Justice Department's Inspector General examined the Blandóns' immigration records, he found them "in disarray."[^6] ### Move to Rialto and Business Fronts -During the peak of his trafficking empire in 1984–85, Blandón moved his family from Northridge to a sprawling Spanish-style home in Rialto, San Bernardino County, some thirty miles outside Los Angeles. He withdrew $175,000 in cash from his bank account in Panama and gave it to Orlando Murillo, who purchased the house under his name to keep Blandón's name off the property rolls.[^6] +During the peak of his trafficking empire in 1984–85, Blandón moved his family from Northridge to a sprawling Spanish-style home in Rialto, [[San Bernardino]] County, some thirty miles outside Los Angeles. He withdrew $175,000 in cash from his bank account in Panama and gave it to Orlando Murillo, who purchased the house under his name to keep Blandón's name off the property rolls.[^6] -Blandón opened a restaurant called the Nicamex and bought a used car lot in nearby Fontana with an old college buddy, Sergio Guerra, a Mexican millionaire whose family owned major automobile franchises in Guadalajara. Guerra owned the last parking lot on the California side of the Mexican border in San Ysidro, valued at approximately $29 million in the early 1990s. These businesses served as fronts to launder drug money. The car lot, a favorite ploy among Nicaraguan traffickers, was especially useful: cars sold for $2,000 were declared as sold for $4,000, and the lot paid taxes on the inflated amount at a rate cheaper than any money launderer would charge, giving drug profits a legitimate pedigree.[^6] +Blandón opened a restaurant called the Nicamex and bought a used car lot in nearby Fontana with an old college buddy, Sergio Guerra, a Mexican millionaire whose family owned major automobile franchises in Guadalajara. Guerra owned the last parking lot on the California side of the Mexican border in San Ysidro, valued at approximately $29 million in the early 1990s. These businesses served as fronts to launder drug money. The car lot, a favorite ploy among Nicaraguan traffickers, was especially useful: cars sold for $2,000 were declared as sold for $4,000, and the lot paid taxes on the inflated amount at a rate cheaper than any money launderer would charge, giving drug profits a legitimate pedigree.[^6] ### Weapons Sales to Crack Dealers -Beginning in 1984, Blandón sold high-powered weapons to Ricky Ross and his associates, procured through Ronald Lister and his partner [[William Downing]] at the [[Mundy Security Group]] in Laguna Beach. Blandón gave Ross his first gun—a .22 pistol with a silencer—as a free gift, then began selling him an array of firearms. Ross described Blandón's inventory: "I mean, he sold what is called a Streetsweeper, the Thompsons...he sold Uzi's, he sold pistols, brand new pistols, .38, .357, any kind of pistol that you wanted...any kind of gun that you wanted, he got it for you." Ross and his fellow dealers bought more than a hundred guns from Blandón, who admitted selling Ross a .22 pistol, an Uzi machine pistol, and an Armalite AR-15 assault rifle, the civilian version of the military's M-16 - a weapon the Contras bought by the thousands.[^6] +Beginning in 1984, Blandón sold high-powered weapons to Ricky Ross and his associates, procured through Ronald Lister and his partner [[William Downing]] at the [[Mundy Security Group]] in Laguna Beach. Blandón gave Ross his first gun (a .22 pistol with a silencer) as a free gift, then began selling him an array of firearms. Ross described Blandón's inventory: "I mean, he sold what is called a Streetsweeper, the Thompsons...he sold Uzi's, he sold pistols, brand new pistols, .38, .357, any kind of pistol that you wanted...any kind of gun that you wanted, he got it for you." Ross and his fellow dealers bought more than a hundred guns from Blandón, who admitted selling Ross a .22 pistol, an Uzi machine pistol, and an Armalite AR-15 assault rifle, the civilian version of the military's M-16 - a weapon the Contras bought by the thousands.[^6] -When asked how a drug dealer knew arms merchants, Blandón replied: "Because I was in the Contra revolution." Lister admitted to the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] that he began acquiring weapons for Blandón between 1982 and 1983, selling him one or two guns a week including "assorted handguns, semiautomatic Uzi machine pistols, KG99 Tec Nine machine pistols, and possibly semi-automatic AK47's," as well as night vision devices.[^6] +When asked how a drug dealer knew arms merchants, Blandón replied: "Because I was in the Contra revolution." Lister admitted to the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] that he began acquiring weapons for Blandón between 1982 and 1983, selling him one or two guns a week including "assorted handguns, semiautomatic Uzi machine pistols, KG99 Tec Nine machine pistols, and possibly semi-automatic AK47's," as well as night vision devices.[^6] ### Electronics Sales -Blandón also sold electronics equipment to cocaine dealers—walkie-talkies, pagers, police scanners, voice scramblers, cellular phones, and anti-eavesdropping equipment—all procured by Ronald Lister. Ross's crew carried police scanners in their cars during drug deliveries and used one in the counting house. During a 1987 raid, L.A. County Sheriff's Sergeant Robert Sobel complained that the dealers had "electronic police-detection systems, sophisticated weapons—better equipment than we have." An LAPD summary by Deputy Chief Glenn Levant listed "numerous 9-mm Uzies [sic] were seized, along with an AK-47 assault rifle, a fully automatic Mac-11 machine gun, a fully automatic machine gun complete with silencer, and state-of-the-art handguns, rifles and shotguns" at Ross-associated locations.[^6] +Blandón also sold electronics equipment to cocaine dealers: walkie-talkies, pagers, police scanners, voice scramblers, cellular phones, and anti-eavesdropping equipment, all procured by Ronald Lister. Ross's crew carried police scanners in their cars during drug deliveries and used one in the counting house. During a 1987 raid, L.A. County Sheriff's Sergeant [[Robert Sobel]] complained that the dealers had "electronic police-detection systems, sophisticated weapons, better equipment than we have." An LAPD summary by Deputy Chief Glenn Levant listed "numerous 9-mm Uzies [sic] were seized, along with an AK-47 assault rifle, a fully automatic Mac-11 machine gun, a fully automatic machine gun complete with silencer, and state-of-the-art handguns, rifles and shotguns" at Ross-associated locations.[^6] ### Rivalry with Torres Brothers -As Blandón grew complacent in Rialto, drinking heavily, snorting cocaine, and refusing to leave his house, Ross began buying from the [[Torres Brothers]], Nicaraguan traffickers who had previously worked for Blandón. Ross used the competition to drive down prices from both suppliers. The other Nicaraguan dealers began calling Blandón "Chanchin," meaning "the fat pig," a nickname that turned up as an alias in his DEA files.[^6] +As Blandón grew complacent in Rialto, drinking heavily, snorting cocaine, and refusing to leave his house, Ross began buying from the [[Torres Brothers]], Nicaraguan traffickers who had previously worked for Blandón. Ross used the competition to drive down prices from both suppliers. The other Nicaraguan dealers began calling Blandón "Chanchin," meaning "the fat pig," a nickname that turned up as an alias in his DEA files.[^6] -The rivalry turned deadly when Blandón, told by Chepita that she had an affair with one of the Torres brothers, hired a former Nicaraguan army officer to kill the man. The Torres brothers confirmed to police that Blandón "became enraged and hired a former military officer of the Nicaraguan army to kill him," but "apparently realized his wife had lied to him about the affair and called off the hit man." Blandón had also proposed that Ross set up a cocaine buy as an ambush, offering: "tell that motherfucker to bring it at such-and-such a place, and I'm going to have some guys there waiting and you keep the dope."[^6] +The rivalry turned deadly when Blandón, told by Chepita that she had an affair with one of the Torres brothers, hired a former Nicaraguan army officer to kill the man. The Torres brothers confirmed to police that Blandón "became enraged and hired a former military officer of the Nicaraguan army to kill him," but "apparently realized his wife had lied to him about the affair and called off the hit man." Blandón had also proposed that Ross set up a cocaine buy as an ambush, offering: "tell that motherfucker to bring it at such-and-such a place, and I'm going to have some guys there waiting and you keep the dope."[^6] ### Credit Arrangements and Volume -Blandón arranged with his Colombian suppliers to give Ross large amounts of cocaine on credit - initially 20 to 25 kilos, worth approximately $1 million wholesale. Ross was purchasing 100 or more kilos per week from Blandón at the operation's peak. Ross used a South Central apartment as a counting house where money was sorted and wrapped using two or three counting machines running day and night. Blandón acknowledged the volume: "Those times, they were using two or three machines, counting machines, and they were counting day and night." If Ross was moving 150 kilos weekly, Blandón and the Torres brothers were sometimes sharing approximately $5.7 million per week in cash.[^6] +Blandón arranged with his Colombian suppliers to give Ross large amounts of cocaine on credit - initially 20 to 25 kilos, worth approximately $1 million wholesale. Ross was purchasing 100 or more kilos per week from Blandón at the operation's peak. Ross used a South Central apartment as a counting house where money was sorted and wrapped using two or three counting machines running day and night. Blandón acknowledged the volume: "Those times, they were using two or three machines, counting machines, and they were counting day and night." If Ross was moving 150 kilos weekly, Blandón and the Torres brothers were sometimes sharing approximately $5.7 million per week in cash.[^6] ### Relationship with Ricky Ross -Blandón was "Freeway" Ricky Ross's primary source of cocaine from approximately 1981-82 onward.[^1] Ross described Blandón as "almost like a godfather to me. He's the one who got me going." Ross stated that everyone he knew in the drug trade, he knew through Blandón: "He was. Everybody I knew, I knew through him. So really, he could be considered as my only source." +Blandón was "Freeway" Ricky Ross's primary source of cocaine from approximately 1981-82 onward.[^1] Ross described Blandón as "almost like a godfather to me. He's the one who got me going." Ross stated that everyone he knew in the drug trade, he knew through Blandón: "He was. Everybody I knew, I knew through him. So really, he could be considered as my only source." -Ross had no knowledge of Blandón's Contra connections. To Ross, Blandón was simply "a nice guy with a lot of cheap dope." When Webb informed Ross that Blandón had been working for the Contras, Ross responded: "And they put me in jail? I'd say that was some fucked-up shit there. They say I sold dope all over, but man, I know he done sold ten times more than me." +Ross had no knowledge of Blandón's Contra connections. To Ross, Blandón was simply "a nice guy with a lot of cheap dope." When Webb informed Ross that Blandón had been working for the Contras, Ross responded: "And they put me in jail? I'd say that was some fucked-up shit there. They say I sold dope all over, but man, I know he done sold ten times more than me." ### Plea Deal and Government Employment -Five months after his 1992 arrest, Blandón pleaded guilty to conspiracy.[^1] Despite facing a minimum sentence of life plus a $4 million fine, Blandón received only forty-eight months, later reduced to approximately twenty-eight months. His wife's charges were dropped entirely when he agreed to become a DEA informant. +On October 13, 1992, five months after his arrest, Blandón entered a plea agreement and pleaded guilty to conspiracy.[^1][^16] Despite facing a minimum sentence of life plus a $4 million fine, he was sentenced on December 20, 1993, to forty-eight months and five years' probation, a reduction the government sought for his "substantial assistance."[^16] His wife's charges were dropped entirely when he agreed to become a DEA informant. -Assistant U.S. Attorney [[LJ Oneale]] filed motions to have Blandón's sentence secretly reduced twice and then persuaded the court to release him entirely, stating Blandón was needed as a "full-time paid informant" for the [[Department of Justice]]. Since he would be undercover, he was placed on unsupervised probation and released on September 19, 1994, into the custody of INS agent Robert Tellez. +On September 16, 1994, Assistant U.S. Attorney [[LJ Oneale]] moved under Rule 35(b) to reduce the sentence to time served as of September 19, 1994, and to drop supervised release, allowing Blandón's immediate release after twenty-eight months. His affidavit said Blandón had testified before a grand jury in the Northern District of California against "a significant well-established drug trafficking organization," and that DEA agent Jones and Tellez wished "to enlist Mr. Blandon as a full-time, paid, informant after his release from prison."[^16] Tellez had written in a memorandum of February 15, 1991, during the investigation of Blandón's organization, that "This major cocaine traffickers [sic] may have had a degree of influence from the C.I.A."; he told the inspector general that it was a rumor from an informant, and that he had told an immigration examiner that Blandón knew people with CIA and Contra contacts only "to impress the examiner" and speed up Blandón's application.[^16] -Blandón subsequently became the chief confidential informant in a DEA reverse sting operation that led to the arrest of Ricky Ross and others in [[San Diego]]. +Blandón subsequently became the chief confidential informant in a DEA reverse sting operation that led to the arrest of Ricky Ross and others in [[San Diego]]. ### Associates -Blandón's network included his wife Chepita Blandón; money launderer and weapons dealer Ronald Lister; cocaine distributor Henry Corrales; Mexican millionaire and money launderer Sergio Guerra; and [[Aparicio Moreno]], a Colombian supplier with reported ties to the FDN and CIA.[^2] He also had a partnership with Jairo Meneses involving 764 kilos of cocaine seized in Nicaragua in 1991, and owned hotels and casinos in Nicaragua with the Meneses family. The Torres Brothers became his principal rivals for Ricky Ross's business. Weapons were procured through William Downing and the Mundy Security Group. He was vice president of Mundy Security Group Inc., a company incorporated by Ronald Lister in Laguna Beach. +Blandón's network included his wife Chepita Blandón; money launderer and weapons dealer Ronald Lister; cocaine distributor Henry Corrales; Mexican millionaire and money launderer Sergio Guerra; and [[Aparicio Moreno]], a Colombian supplier with reported ties to the FDN and CIA.[^2] He also had a partnership with Jairo Meneses involving 764 kilos of cocaine seized in Nicaragua in 1991, and owned hotels and casinos in Nicaragua with the Meneses family. The Torres Brothers became his principal rivals for Ricky Ross's business. Weapons were procured through William Downing and the Mundy Security Group. He was vice president of Mundy Security Group Inc., a company incorporated by Ronald Lister in Laguna Beach. ### Law Enforcement Warnings -The Torres brothers told detective [[Jerry Guzzetta]] during 1986 debriefings that "Blandón is extremely dangerous because of his access to information" about law enforcement activity. They warned Guzzetta to "be extremely careful about releasing any information to other law enforcement agencies. . .because they were afraid that Blandón had somebody inside the police department or whatever that was feeding him information." The brothers reported Blandón was "working with an ex-Laguna Beach police officer by the name of Ronnie" (Ronald Lister) who "transported 100 kilos of cocaine to the Black market and has transported millions of dollars to Miami for Danilo Blandón." Once cash arrived in Florida, Orlando Murillo would launder it.[^8] +The Torres brothers told detective [[Jerry Guzzetta]] during 1986 debriefings that "Blandón is extremely dangerous because of his access to information" about law enforcement activity. They warned Guzzetta to "be extremely careful about releasing any information to other law enforcement agencies. . .because they were afraid that Blandón had somebody inside the police department or whatever that was feeding him information." The brothers reported Blandón was "working with an ex-Laguna Beach police officer by the name of Ronnie" (Ronald Lister) who "transported 100 kilos of cocaine to the Black market and has transported millions of dollars to Miami for Danilo Blandón." Once cash arrived in Florida, Orlando Murillo would launder it.[^8] ### Contra Cocaine Arriving by the Planeload -According to Blandón's attorney Brad Brunon, the Contras' cocaine was arriving in the United States literally by the planeload. "The transportation channel got established and got filled up with cocaine rather quickly," Brunon said. "As I understood it, these large transports were coming back from delivering food and guns and humanitarian aid and things like that and they were just loading them up with cocaine and bringing them back. I think 1,000-kilo shipments were not unheard of." Former Meneses aide Enrique Miranda confirmed that Meneses's drug-laden planes were flying out of [[Ilopango Airbase|Ilopango Air Force Base]] in El Salvador, which [[Oliver North]] had selected as the hub for his Contra air force. North's operatives worked there "practically unfettered," according to Iran-Contra prosecutor Lawrence Walsh.[^7] +According to Blandón's attorney Brad Brunon, the Contras' cocaine was arriving in the United States literally by the planeload. "The transportation channel got established and got filled up with cocaine rather quickly," Brunon said. "As I understood it, these large transports were coming back from delivering food and guns and humanitarian aid and things like that and they were just loading them up with cocaine and bringing them back. I think 1,000-kilo shipments were not unheard of." Former Meneses aide [[Enrique Miranda]] confirmed that Meneses's drug-laden planes were flying out of [[Ilopango Airbase|Ilopango Air Force Base]] in El Salvador, which [[Oliver North]] had selected as the hub for his Contra air force. North's operatives worked there "practically unfettered," according to Iran-Contra prosecutor [[Lawrence Walsh]].[^7] ### 1986 Raid and Release -On October 27, 1986, [[LASD Major Violators]] detective [[Thomas Gordon]] executed search warrants at fourteen locations across Southern California. Gordon's twenty-one-page affidavit described "a large scale cocaine distributing organization" of "well over 100 persons" and linked Blandón to the FDN, writing that "money and arms generated by this organization comes through the sale of cocaine." At Blandón's home, deputies found small amounts of cocaine, an AR-15 assault rifle, a shotgun, and pay-owe sheets. Blandón spontaneously confessed: "The cocaine is mine." But most raid locations came up dry—suspects appeared to have been forewarned. The CIA's Los Angeles office sent an "Immediate Director" cable asking for traces on Blandón, Ronald Lister, and Norwin Meneses.[^9] +On October 27, 1986, [[LASD Major Violators]] detective [[Thomas Gordon]] executed search warrants at fourteen locations across Southern California. Gordon's twenty-one-page affidavit described "a large scale cocaine distributing organization" of "well over 100 persons" and linked Blandón to the FDN, writing that "money and arms generated by this organization comes through the sale of cocaine." At Blandón's home, deputies found small amounts of cocaine, an AR-15 assault rifle, a shotgun, and pay-owe sheets. Blandón spontaneously confessed: "The cocaine is mine." But most raid locations came up dry; suspects appeared to have been forewarned. The CIA's Los Angeles office sent an "Immediate Director" cable asking for traces on Blandón, Ronald Lister, and Norwin Meneses.[^9] -No charges were filed. The seized documents—including bank records showing $9 million in deposits marked "U.S. Treasury/State" and a note from Blandón's sister about Contra corruption—disappeared from sheriff's evidence storage. Federal agents copied over 1,000 pages that subsequently vanished. On December 10, 1986, Blandón was told no charges would be filed. The next day he hired an immigration attorney and applied for permanent residency, disclosing his arrest but writing: "No complaint filed. They exonerated me 12-10-86." The attorney he hired, John M. Garrisi, was under federal indictment for immigration fraud and was later convicted and disbarred.[^9] +No charges were filed. The seized documents (including bank records showing $9 million in deposits marked "U.S. Treasury/State" and a note from Blandón's sister about Contra corruption) disappeared from sheriff's evidence storage. Federal agents copied over 1,000 pages that subsequently vanished. On December 10, 1986, Blandón was told no charges would be filed. The next day he hired an immigration attorney and applied for permanent residency, disclosing his arrest but writing: "No complaint filed. They exonerated me 12-10-86." The attorney he hired, John M. Garrisi, was under federal indictment for immigration fraud and was later convicted and disbarred.[^9] ### FBI Surveillance and Operation Perico -After the October 1986 raids, Blandón and Ross continued buying and selling millions of dollars worth of cocaine every week, even as the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] watched. Records show Blandón was under periodic surveillance through the first half of 1987. Former L.A. County deputy district attorney Susan Bryant-Deason, who had been cross-designated as a special assistant U.S. attorney, told police in 1996 that she met several times with federal agents trying to keep the Blandón investigation alive, but the agents "were frustrated and wanted to do something but had insufficient evidence."[^10] +After the October 1986 raids, Blandón and Ross continued buying and selling millions of dollars worth of cocaine every week, even as the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] watched. Records show Blandón was under periodic surveillance through the first half of 1987. Former L.A. County deputy district attorney Susan Bryant-Deason, who had been cross-designated as a special assistant U.S. attorney, told police in 1996 that she met several times with federal agents trying to keep the Blandón investigation alive, but the agents "were frustrated and wanted to do something but had insufficient evidence."[^10] -In early January 1987, a series of meetings took place in Los Angeles between Blandón, Norwin Meneses, the CIA operative known as "Roberto," and FDN official [[Ivan Torres]]. The meetings were part of the Costa Rican DEA office's secret "Operation Perico," conducted without the knowledge of [[Douglas Aukland|FBI agent Aukland]], who was leading the federal investigation. During these meetings, Torres boasted that the Majors' raids had not interfered with cocaine sales to "Los Angeles black organizations" and had merely caused management changes.[^10] +In early January 1987, a series of meetings took place in Los Angeles between Blandón, Norwin Meneses, the CIA operative known as "Roberto," and FDN official [[Ivan Torres]]. The meetings were part of the Costa Rican DEA office's secret "Operation Perico," conducted without the knowledge of [[Douglas Aukland|FBI agent Aukland]], who was leading the federal investigation. During these meetings, Torres boasted that the Majors' raids had not interfered with cocaine sales to "Los Angeles black organizations" and had merely caused management changes.[^10] ### Move to Miami -Despite telling Ross nothing would change, Blandón had decided to leave Los Angeles. The raids had blown his cover, his best customer was under siege, and his wife Chepita was showing signs of a nervous breakdown. "When I went to Miami to visit my family, the doctor told me. My wife was sick from the nerves. . .The doctor called me and told me I have to change from L.A. 'If you want to have a wife. . .change from that place, [or] your wife will be in a psychiatric hospital.'" His used car business had been ruined by the publicity from the raids. After being told in December 1986 that no criminal charges would result, Blandón quietly closed up shop, sold his car lot and restaurants, put his house up for sale, and sent Chepita and their daughters ahead to Miami to stay with her uncle, Orlando Murillo. By the time he was ready to go, he was packing $1.6 million in cash.[^10] +Despite telling Ross nothing would change, Blandón had decided to leave Los Angeles. The raids had blown his cover, his best customer was under siege, and his wife Chepita was showing signs of a nervous breakdown. "When I went to Miami to visit my family, the doctor told me. My wife was sick from the nerves. . .The doctor called me and told me I have to change from L.A. 'If you want to have a wife. . .change from that place, [or] your wife will be in a psychiatric hospital.'" His used car business had been ruined by the publicity from the raids. After being told in December 1986 that no criminal charges would result, Blandón quietly closed up shop, sold his car lot and restaurants, put his house up for sale, and sent Chepita and their daughters ahead to Miami to stay with her uncle, Orlando Murillo. By the time he was ready to go, he was packing $1.6 million in cash.[^10] ### Handoff to Roger Sandino -"I was prepared to change my life," Blandón testified. But he did not let the cocaine ring go to waste. "I handed it to the Nicaraguans. I introduced my customers to them and they continued doing the business," using his old contacts, his supplier, and his buyers. Blandón's successors were [[Roger Sandino]] and Jose "Chinito" Gonzalez, both Meneses associates. After Blandón moved, Ross called him in Miami to place orders, and Sandino's partner Gonzalez handled pickups and deliveries. Blandón continued as middleman, solving problems, settling disputes, and collecting commissions. "They used to be calling me all the time if they have some problem. I was the middleman, you see, like, I was making something."[^10] +"I was prepared to change my life," Blandón testified. But he did not let the cocaine ring go to waste. "I handed it to the Nicaraguans. I introduced my customers to them and they continued doing the business," using his old contacts, his supplier, and his buyers. Blandón's successors were [[Roger Sandino]] and Jose "Chinito" Gonzalez, both Meneses associates. After Blandón moved, Ross called him in Miami to place orders, and Sandino's partner Gonzalez handled pickups and deliveries. Blandón continued as middleman, solving problems, settling disputes, and collecting commissions. "They used to be calling me all the time if they have some problem. I was the middleman, you see, like, I was making something."[^10] ### Miami Business Empire -After arriving in Miami, Blandón invested his L.A. drug profits in a string of companies, sometimes in partnership with exiled Nicaraguan judge [[Jose Macario|Jose Macario Estrada]], a family friend who was also his immigration lawyer. Both men became directors of Mex-US Import and Export Inc., along with accountant Rene Gonzalez of the Peat Marwick & Mitchell office in Caracas, Blandón's Mexican college friend Sergio Guerra, and Panamanian banker Jose Fernando Soto, the longtime representative of the Swiss Bank Corp. in Panama and an old friend of Orlando Murillo. Blandón also bought his wife a business, Pupi's Children's Boutique, which Chepita ran from a shopping mall in Sweetwater.[^11] +After arriving in Miami, Blandón invested his L.A. drug profits in a string of companies, sometimes in partnership with exiled Nicaraguan judge [[Jose Macario|Jose Macario Estrada]], a family friend who was also his immigration lawyer. Both men became directors of Mex-US Import and Export Inc., along with accountant Rene Gonzalez of the Peat Marwick & Mitchell office in Caracas, Blandón's Mexican college friend Sergio Guerra, and Panamanian banker Jose Fernando Soto, the longtime representative of the Swiss Bank Corp. in Panama and an old friend of Orlando Murillo. Blandón also bought his wife a business, Pupi's Children's Boutique, which Chepita ran from a shopping mall in Sweetwater.[^11] -Blandón bought into La Parrilla, a Nicaraguan restaurant co-founded by former National Guard major general [[Gustavo Medina]] and FDN supporter [[Donald Barrios]]. Henry Corrales, Blandón's former cocaine distributor, also owned a piece. The elegant restaurant became a hangout for Contra leaders and was the site of pro-Contra demonstrations and seminars. The Miami Herald named it "the best Nicaraguan restaurant in Dade [County]" in 1987 and awarded it four stars.[^11] +Blandón bought into La Parrilla, a Nicaraguan restaurant co-founded by former National Guard major general [[Gustavo Medina]] and FDN supporter [[Donald Barrios]]. Henry Corrales, Blandón's former cocaine distributor, also owned a piece. The elegant restaurant became a hangout for Contra leaders and was the site of pro-Contra demonstrations and seminars. The [[Miami Herald]] named it "the best Nicaraguan restaurant in Dade [County]" in 1987 and awarded it four stars.[^11] -Blandón's main investment was Alpha II Rent-a-Car, which began with an office outside [[Miami International Airport]] and spread to twenty-four other locations in southern Florida. The business was so successful he became an authorized outlet for Chrysler Corporation and [[General Motors]] vehicles.[^11] +Blandón's main investment was Alpha II Rent-a-Car, which began with an office outside [[Miami International Airport]] and spread to twenty-four other locations in southern Florida. The business was so successful he became an authorized outlet for Chrysler Corporation and [[General Motors]] vehicles.[^11] ### Continued Drug Oversight -Blandón denied he was personally selling drugs after moving to Miami but admitted overseeing the drug sales of his successors. "I knew everything," he said. Because of the way the cocaine business worked, he had to vouch for Roger Sandino and Jose Gonzalez, which meant mediating disputes between Ricky Ross's crew, the Nicaraguans, and their Colombian suppliers. "They were calling me all the time. 'Hey, the order didn't come with the money. The order didn't come with the merchandise.'" Blandón agreed that Ross's replacements "weren't taking care of the business" and said there were frequent feuds with Meneses's men.[^11] +Blandón denied he was personally selling drugs after moving to Miami but admitted overseeing the drug sales of his successors. "I knew everything," he said. Because of the way the cocaine business worked, he had to vouch for Roger Sandino and Jose Gonzalez, which meant mediating disputes between Ricky Ross's crew, the Nicaraguans, and their Colombian suppliers. "They were calling me all the time. 'Hey, the order didn't come with the money. The order didn't come with the merchandise.'" Blandón agreed that Ross's replacements "weren't taking care of the business" and said there were frequent feuds with Meneses's men.[^11] -Blandón continued pursuing Ross, calling two or three times a month to lure him back into the cocaine trade. In the fall of 1987, Blandón called from Detroit and offered Ross fifteen kilos. Blandón and Sandino visited Ross in Cincinnati, and Ross wired money to Florida in Chepita's name, which Blandón said was paid to Sandino. Ross also met with Blandón and a Colombian named Tony in New York City to place cocaine orders. "He kept saying he could get me some stuff for really cheap and we could make a lot of money with it in Cincinnati," Ross said.[^11] +Blandón continued pursuing Ross, calling two or three times a month to lure him back into the cocaine trade. In the fall of 1987, Blandón called from Detroit and offered Ross fifteen kilos. Blandón and Sandino visited Ross in Cincinnati, and Ross wired money to Florida in Chepita's name, which Blandón said was paid to Sandino. Ross also met with Blandón and a Colombian named Tony in [[New York City]] to place cocaine orders. "He kept saying he could get me some stuff for really cheap and we could make a lot of money with it in Cincinnati," Ross said.[^11] ### Pressure on Ross and DEA Sting -After Ross's release from prison in August 1993, Blandón called him out of the blue, having seen him on television. Chepita followed up, inviting Ross to dinner and pressuring him to find someone to sell drugs to repay a debt owed by Ross's associate Tony McDonald. Ross refused repeatedly. "I told him basically, 'You know what I'm going through right now, you know, and I'm trying to stay clean.'"[^12] +After Ross's release from prison in August 1993, Blandón called him out of the blue, having seen him on television. Chepita followed up, inviting Ross to dinner and pressuring him to find someone to sell drugs to repay a debt owed by Ross's associate Tony McDonald. Ross refused repeatedly. "I told him basically, 'You know what I'm going through right now, you know, and I'm trying to stay clean.'"[^12] -In October 1994, Ross asked Blandón about buying cocaine, but negotiations stalled because Ross had no money. Blandón kept calling and paging him. In February 1995, [[Leroy Brown|"Chico" Brown]], to whom Ross owed $30,000, proposed putting up the money for a deal with Blandón. Ross agreed to make the introduction. In late February and early March 1995, Ross, Brown, and Brown's associate Curtis James met Blandón and a Colombian associate in National City and Chula Vista, south of San Diego. On March 2, 1995, at the Bonita Plaza Mall, Brown handed over $169,445 and the Colombian handed over keys to a Chevy Blazer containing 100 kilos of cocaine. The DEA, which had been running Blandón as an informant, had booby-trapped the vehicle. Federal agents swarmed the parking lot. Ross was captured after a brief foot chase. Blandón served as the chief confidential informant in the case.[^12] +In October 1994, Ross asked Blandón about buying cocaine, but negotiations stalled because Ross had no money. Blandón kept calling and paging him. In February 1995, [[Leroy Brown|"Chico" Brown]], to whom Ross owed $30,000, proposed putting up the money for a deal with Blandón. Ross agreed to make the introduction. In late February and early March 1995, Ross, Brown, and Brown's associate Curtis James met Blandón and a Colombian associate in National City and Chula Vista, south of San Diego. On March 2, 1995, at the Bonita Plaza Mall, Brown handed over $169,445 and the Colombian handed over keys to a Chevy Blazer containing 100 kilos of cocaine. The DEA, which had been running Blandón as an informant, had booby-trapped the vehicle. Federal agents swarmed the parking lot. Ross was captured after a brief foot chase. Blandón served as the chief confidential informant in the case.[^12] ### Return to Drug Dealing and San Diego -Blandón's Alpha II Rent-a-Car business suffered when a deal to rent 3,000 cars to German tourists fell through, and Chrysler yanked his $1.5 million credit line. He lost $300,000 in three months and the lender filed to foreclose. Colombian trafficker [[Humberto Cardona]], who was supplying Blandón's Nicaraguan associates in South Central, suggested he return to cocaine trafficking, telling Blandón he had just sold 2,000 kilos in L.A. Blandón put Alpha II into bankruptcy and moved to San Diego, settling in a house owned by Sergio Guerra.[^13] +Blandón's Alpha II Rent-a-Car business suffered when a deal to rent 3,000 cars to German tourists fell through, and Chrysler yanked his $1.5 million credit line. He lost $300,000 in three months and the lender filed to foreclose. Colombian trafficker [[Humberto Cardona]], who was supplying Blandón's Nicaraguan associates in South Central, suggested he return to cocaine trafficking, telling Blandón he had just sold 2,000 kilos in L.A. Blandón put Alpha II into bankruptcy and moved to San Diego, settling in a house owned by Sergio Guerra.[^13] -Blandón reassembled his cocaine network, reconnecting with the Meneses family through Jose Gonzalez in San Francisco. Between 1990 and 1991, he estimated he provided about 425 kilos of cocaine to the Meneses family, roughly $8.5 million at wholesale. He also reconnected with the Torres Brothers in L.A. DEA informant John Arman infiltrated Blandón's circle, secretly recording conversations about cocaine deals, international suppliers, and Blandón's political connections in Nicaragua. Blandón boasted on tape: "Yeah, I know all the people from the government. They like you, see?"[^13] +Blandón reassembled his cocaine network, reconnecting with the Meneses family through Jose Gonzalez in San Francisco. Between 1990 and 1991, he estimated he provided about 425 kilos of cocaine to the Meneses family, roughly $8.5 million at wholesale. He also reconnected with the Torres Brothers in L.A. DEA informant John Arman infiltrated Blandón's circle, secretly recording conversations about cocaine deals, international suppliers, and Blandón's political connections in Nicaragua. Blandón boasted on tape: "Yeah, I know all the people from the government. They like you, see?"[^13] -Despite intensive DEA surveillance, Blandón evaded arrest repeatedly. In August 1991, he was caught at the border with $114,000 in money orders in Sergio Guerra's car, but only Guerra was charged. In December 1991, an LAPD strike force arrested Blandón with $14,000 and cocaine, but the U.S. Attorney's Office in San Diego had the charges dropped to protect the DEA investigation. LAPD sergeant Ron Hodges, who had his own case against Blandón, said: "I think they just let him run." Blandón was finally secretly indicted on May 5, 1992.[^13] +Despite intensive DEA surveillance, Blandón evaded arrest repeatedly. In August 1991, he was caught at the border with $114,000 in money orders in Sergio Guerra's car, but only Guerra was charged. In December 1991, an LAPD strike force arrested Blandón with $14,000 and cocaine, but the U.S. Attorney's Office in San Diego had the charges dropped to protect the DEA investigation. LAPD sergeant Ron Hodges, who had his own case against Blandón, said: "I think they just let him run." Blandón was finally secretly indicted on May 5, 1992.[^13] ### DEA Protection and the Webb Investigation -The Justice Department went to considerable lengths to protect Blandón's status as an informant. In October 1995, Assistant U.S. Attorney David Hall contacted [[Gary Webb]] to warn that publishing details about Blandón would endanger his life and compromise ongoing investigations. The DEA's San Diego office arranged a meeting where [[Craig Chretien|SAC Craig Chretien]] and Blandón's handlers [[Chuck Jones]] and Judy Gustafson pressed Webb to omit Blandón's DEA ties. Jones firmly denied any knowledge of Blandón's Contra drug history, but when Webb revealed he possessed grand jury transcripts proving Blandón had testified about it, Jones inadvertently confirmed the DEA knew. Blandón's case was a "no-dope conspiracy," as [[LAPD]] detective Ron Hodges described it, with no physical evidence of actual drug dealing, only taped conversations with informants. Brunon pointed out that his client had no criminal record and the government had nothing more than loose talk.[^14] +The Justice Department went to considerable lengths to protect Blandón's status as an informant. In October 1995, Assistant U.S. Attorney [[David Hall]] contacted [[Gary Webb]] to warn that publishing details about Blandón would endanger his life and compromise ongoing investigations. The DEA's San Diego office arranged a meeting where [[Craig Chretien|SAC Craig Chretien]] and Blandón's handlers [[Chuck Jones]] and Judy Gustafson pressed Webb to omit Blandón's DEA ties. Jones firmly denied any knowledge of Blandón's Contra drug history, but when Webb revealed he possessed grand jury transcripts proving Blandón had testified about it, Jones inadvertently confirmed the DEA knew. Blandón's case was a "no-dope conspiracy," as [[LAPD]] detective Ron Hodges described it, with no physical evidence of actual drug dealing, only taped conversations with informants. Brunon pointed out that his client had no criminal record and the government had nothing more than loose talk.[^14] ### Trial Testimony in the Ross Case -At Ross's 1996 trial in San Diego, Blandón testified for the prosecution wearing tinted aviator glasses and a dark suit, escorted by U.S. marshals. Prosecutor LJ Oneale led Blandón through testimony in which he admitted Meneses had recruited him to sell cocaine for the Contras but progressively shifted the date he claimed to have stopped. O'Neale had initially said the split occurred in 1986, then revised it to 1984 before trial, and by the end of his testimony Blandón was insisting he quit in 1982, before he had met Ross. Government documents showed Blandón was still selling cocaine for the Contras through 1986.[^15] +At Ross's 1996 trial in San Diego, Blandón testified for the prosecution wearing tinted aviator glasses and a dark suit, escorted by U.S. marshals. Prosecutor LJ Oneale led Blandón through testimony in which he admitted Meneses had recruited him to sell cocaine for the Contras but progressively shifted the date he claimed to have stopped. O'Neale had initially said the split occurred in 1986, then revised it to 1984 before trial, and by the end of his testimony Blandón was insisting he quit in 1982, before he had met Ross. Government documents showed Blandón was still selling cocaine for the Contras through 1986.[^15] -When defense attorney [[Alan Fenster]] cross-examined Blandón about his Contra fundraising, Blandón began to say: "When we raise money for the Contra revolution, we received orders from the," then paused, looked at O'Neale, and said "from another people." Because of the court order prohibiting CIA testimony, Fenster was unable to pursue the admission. Blandón also confessed under cross-examination that he did not know whether the Contras had received $19 million in CIA aid, contradicting his claim that he quit because the organization had sufficient funds. After the trial, Blandón admitted to the Senate Intelligence Committee and the CIA Inspector General that his Contra contributions continued through 1985.[^15] +When defense attorney [[Alan Fenster]] cross-examined Blandón about his Contra fundraising, Blandón began to say: "When we raise money for the Contra revolution, we received orders from the," then paused, looked at O'Neale, and said "from another people." Because of the court order prohibiting CIA testimony, Fenster was unable to pursue the admission. Blandón also confessed under cross-examination that he did not know whether the Contras had received $19 million in CIA aid, contradicting his claim that he quit because the organization had sufficient funds. After the trial, Blandón admitted to the Senate Intelligence Committee and the CIA Inspector General that his Contra contributions continued through 1985.[^15] ### Footnotes @@ -215,3 +235,4 @@ When defense attorney [[Alan Fenster]] cross-examined Blandón about his Contr [^13]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 23: "He had the backing of a superpower" [^14]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 25: "Things are moving all around us" [^15]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 26: "That matter, if true, would be classified" +[^16]: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of the Inspector General. *The CIA-Contra-Crack Cocaine Controversy: A Review of the Justice Department's Investigations and Prosecutions.* December 1997, chapter II and appendix E. https://oig.justice.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/special/9712/ diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Dennis Ainsworth.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Dennis Ainsworth.md index 0c73b64a..43c16b52 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Dennis Ainsworth.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Dennis Ainsworth.md @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ In late 1983, Ainsworth began assisting Nicaraguan refugees who had settled in S At a dinner after the yacht club reception, [[Norwin Meneses]] (a man Ainsworth had not previously noticed) paid the bill for the entire party. When Ainsworth asked who the man was, a Nicaraguan friend told him, "You don't want to know." At a cocktail party for Calero two days later, Ainsworth observed Meneses meeting privately with Calero. Meneses then began attending USACA meetings and making financial contributions.[^1] -When [[Renato Pena|Renato Peña]] and Jairo Meneses were arrested on cocaine trafficking charges in November 1984, Ainsworth began suspecting FDN involvement in drugs. Peña confessed to him his role in the Contra drug network. Alarmed, Ainsworth began investigating and received a DEA intelligence report dated February 6, 1984, from a friend in Washington, describing Meneses as "the apparent head of a criminal organization responsible for smuggling kilogram quantities of cocaine to the United States." Ainsworth said: "I had gone through the Looking Glass. I had crossed over into the nether world that 99 percent of the population wouldn't even believe existed."[^1] +When [[Renato Pena|Renato Peña]] and Jairo Meneses were arrested on cocaine trafficking charges in November 1984, Ainsworth began suspecting FDN involvement in drugs. Peña confessed to him his role in the Contra drug network. Alarmed, Ainsworth began investigating and received a DEA intelligence report dated February 6, 1984, from a friend in Washington, describing Meneses as "the apparent head of a criminal organization responsible for smuggling kilogram quantities of cocaine to the United States." Ainsworth said: "I had gone through the Looking Glass. I had crossed over into the nether world that 99 percent of the population wouldn't even believe existed."[^1] ### FBI Complaint and Aftermath diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Dewey Clarridge.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Dewey Clarridge.md index 66a4d5ff..d61e6edd 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Dewey Clarridge.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Dewey Clarridge.md @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Duane "Dewey" Clarridge was the chief of the [[Central Intelligence Agency]]'s L Clarridge headed the CIA effort to organize, fund, and direct the [[Contras]] from the project's inception. Under his leadership, the agency assembled the scattered anti-[[Sandinistas|Sandinista]] factions into a unified fighting force, created the [[FDN]], and established the Costa Rican-based Southern Front under Eden Pastora.[^2] -When asked by a British television crew in late 1996 about [[Ivan Gomez|Iván Gómez]], the pseudonymous CIA agent in [[Costa Rica]] whom [[Carlos Cabezas]] identified as supervising Contra drug money, Clarridge said he had never heard of him. The 1998 CIA Inspector General's report confirmed that Gómez was indeed assigned to Costa Rica in 1982, largely corroborating Cabezas's account.[^2] +When asked by a British television crew in late 1996 about [[Ivan Gomez|Iván Gómez]], the pseudonymous CIA agent in [[Costa Rica]] whom [[Carlos Cabezas]] identified as supervising Contra drug money, Clarridge said he had never heard of him. The 1998 CIA Inspector General's report confirmed that Gómez was indeed assigned to Costa Rica in 1982, largely corroborating Cabezas's account.[^2] ### Iran-Contra Indictment diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Donald Barrios.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Donald Barrios.md index 65d7916f..a1affae9 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Donald Barrios.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Donald Barrios.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Donald Barrios was a wealthy former insurance broker from Managua living in Miam ### Introducing Meneses to Blandón -[[Norwin Meneses]] was introduced to [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] through Barrios. After Meneses proposed that Blandón sell [[cocaine]] in [[Los Angeles]] to raise money for the [[Contras]], Barrios facilitated the initial connection. He later sent Blandón to fetch Meneses from LAX when Meneses first arrived in California in 1980 or 1981.[^1][^2] +[[Norwin Meneses]] was introduced to [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] through Barrios. After Meneses proposed that Blandón sell [[Cocaine]] in [[Los Angeles]] to raise money for the [[Contras]], Barrios facilitated the initial connection. He later sent Blandón to fetch Meneses from LAX when Meneses first arrived in California in 1980 or 1981.[^1][^2] ### Business Activities in Miami diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Earl Brian.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Earl Brian.md index 45dc44cf..2d12bd2d 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Earl Brian.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Earl Brian.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ died: 2020-11-02 location: "California" summary: "Earl Brian was a California physician, businessman, and Reagan cabinet official who served alongside Edwin Meese and was named by INSLAW, Michael Riconosciuto, and the House Judiciary Committee as the alleged central figure in the theft and international distribution of the PROMIS software." --- -Earl W. Brian was a physician, businessman, and California government official who served in Governor [[Ronald Reagan|Ronald Reagan's]] state cabinet alongside [[Edwin Meese]]. Brian co-founded Biotech Capital Corporation and held a controlling interest in [[Hadron]], a technology and information services company. He later founded Infotechnology, Inc. He had served in Vietnam, where his background in the Phoenix Program reportedly brought him into contact with intelligence networks that would intersect with his later activities.[^1] +Earl W. Brian was a physician, businessman, and California government official who served in Governor [[Ronald Reagan|Ronald Reagan's]] state cabinet alongside [[Edwin Meese]]. Brian co-founded Biotech Capital Corporation and held a controlling interest in [[Hadron]], a technology and information services company. He later founded Infotechnology, Inc. He had served in Vietnam, where his background in the [[Phoenix Program]] reportedly brought him into contact with intelligence networks that would intersect with his later activities.[^1] Brian's relationship with Meese predated their time in state government. Both men moved from Sacramento to Washington when Reagan won the presidency in 1980: Meese as presidential counselor and later Attorney General, and Brian as a businessman positioned to benefit from DOJ technology contracts. In 1985, Meese's wife purchased stock in a Brian-controlled company.[^1] @@ -51,11 +51,11 @@ The Bua Report found no credible evidence to support the Iran trip allegation. E Both Brian and Videnieks categorically denied ever meeting one another or meeting Riconosciuto, denied having visited Indio, California, and denied any involvement in the alleged PROMIS distribution. The Bua Report found both men to be credible witnesses and concluded there was "overwhelming" evidence of no connection between Brian and anything related to INSLAW or PROMIS. Bua found Riconosciuto's account a "tale of total fiction woven against the background of accurate historical facts" and Ben-Menashe's affidavits contradicted by his own subsequent testimony to Bua investigators.[^2] -Brian was never charged with any crime in connection with the PROMIS affair. His libel suit against [[Elliot Richardson]] over the former attorney general's New York Times article of October 21, 1991, "A High-Tech Watergate," which accused him of taking part in an illegal conspiracy, was dismissed; the New York Court of Appeals held on November 29, 1995, that because Richardson had disclosed at the outset that he was INSLAW's own lawyer, because the article's "predominant tone" was "rife with rumor, speculation and seemingly tenuous inferences," and because its purpose was to call for an independent investigation, "a reasonable reader would understand the statements... as mere allegations to be investigated rather than as facts."[^5] +Brian was never charged with any crime in connection with the PROMIS affair. His libel suit against [[Elliot Richardson]] over the former attorney general's [[New York Times]] article of October 21, 1991, "A High-Tech Watergate," which accused him of taking part in an illegal conspiracy, was dismissed; the New York Court of Appeals held on November 29, 1995, that because Richardson had disclosed at the outset that he was INSLAW's own lawyer, because the article's "predominant tone" was "rife with rumor, speculation and seemingly tenuous inferences," and because its purpose was to call for an independent investigation, "a reasonable reader would understand the statements... as mere allegations to be investigated rather than as facts."[^5] ### Financial News Network and UPI -In July 1993 the Securities and Exchange Commission charged Brian and three others with fraudulently inflating the revenue and earnings of the [[Financial News Network]], the Los Angeles cable channel controlled with [[United Press International]] by his holding company Infotechnology, Inc.; he settled without admitting or denying the charges and consented to a permanent injunction. A federal grand jury in the Central District of California returned a 24-count indictment in June 1994, unsealed on September 5, 1995, charging Brian, then Infotechnology's chairman, and its chief operating officer John F. Berentson with lying to obtain 56 million dollars in loans from Security Pacific and Toronto-Dominion in 1989 by falsifying FNN's books through fictitious equipment leases and inter-company billings; FNN's chief financial officer C. Steven Bolen and Gary A. Prince pleaded guilty and cooperated. FNN, which lost 72.4 million dollars in fiscal 1990, and UPI, whose management rights Infotechnology had bought in February 1988, both entered Chapter 11 in 1991. On October 17, 1996, after a four-month trial in Los Angeles, a jury convicted Brian on ten counts including conspiracy and bank and securities fraud, deadlocking on the rest; he was ordered to report to prison on August 18 of the following year to serve a term reported as four and a half years, and appealed. On October 3, 2000, he moved to vacate his sentence under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 in the Central District of California; the motion, assigned to Judge Ronald S. W. Lew, was closed on February 22, 2001.[^7] Hadron continued as a public company, was renamed Analex Corporation in 2002 and ceased reporting in 2007.[^6] +In July 1993 the [[Securities and Exchange Commission]] charged Brian and three others with fraudulently inflating the revenue and earnings of the [[Financial News Network]], the [[Los Angeles]] cable channel controlled with [[United Press International]] by his holding company Infotechnology, Inc.; he settled without admitting or denying the charges and consented to a permanent injunction. A federal grand jury in the Central District of California returned a 24-count indictment in June 1994, unsealed on September 5, 1995, charging Brian, then Infotechnology's chairman, and its chief operating officer John F. Berentson with lying to obtain 56 million dollars in loans from Security Pacific and Toronto-Dominion in 1989 by falsifying FNN's books through fictitious equipment leases and inter-company billings; FNN's chief financial officer C. Steven Bolen and Gary A. Prince pleaded guilty and cooperated. FNN, which lost 72.4 million dollars in fiscal 1990, and UPI, whose management rights Infotechnology had bought in February 1988, both entered Chapter 11 in 1991. On October 17, 1996, after a four-month trial in Los Angeles, a jury convicted Brian on ten counts including conspiracy and bank and securities fraud, deadlocking on the rest; he was ordered to report to prison on August 18 of the following year to serve a term reported as four and a half years, and appealed. On October 3, 2000, he moved to vacate his sentence under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 in the Central District of California; the motion, assigned to Judge Ronald S. W. Lew, was closed on February 22, 2001.[^7] Hadron continued as a public company, was renamed Analex Corporation in 2002 and ceased reporting in 2007.[^6] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Ed Dames.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Ed Dames.md index 2ea32144..04ee857f 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Ed Dames.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Ed Dames.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ born: 1946-03-22 location: "San Francisco, California" --- -Ed Dames was a [[U.S. Army]] Major who served as training and operations officer in the classified remote viewing unit at [[Fort Meade]], Maryland, during the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Center Lane]] and [[Sun Streak]] phases of the program in the 1980s and early 1990s. Within the unit he occupied a managerial and analytical role rather than being a primary operational viewer himself, working with [[Edwin May]] and the DIA sponsorship structure. His post-military public profile, built on commercial remote viewing training and alarming predictions about planetary catastrophe, made him simultaneously the most publicly visible and most criticized figure to emerge from the Fort Meade program.[^1] +Ed Dames was a [[U.S. Army]] Major who served as training and operations officer in the classified remote viewing unit at [[Fort Meade]], Maryland, during the [[Stargate Project|Center Lane]] and [[Sun Streak]] phases of the program in the 1980s and early 1990s. Within the unit he occupied a managerial and analytical role rather than being a primary operational viewer himself, working with [[Edwin May]] and the DIA sponsorship structure. His post-military public profile, built on commercial remote viewing training and alarming predictions about planetary catastrophe, made him simultaneously the most publicly visible and most criticized figure to emerge from the Fort Meade program.[^1] ### Fort Meade Service diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edgar Chamorro.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edgar Chamorro.md index 9ccca091..0a72ce3d 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edgar Chamorro.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edgar Chamorro.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tags: summary: Edgar Chamorro was a former FDN director who publicly confirmed that Norwin Meneses was a Contra leader involved in cocaine trafficking to fund the war. born: 1931-07-23 --- -Edgar Chamorro was a former [[FDN]] director who publicly confirmed that [[Norwin Meneses]] was a Contra leader involved in [[cocaine]] trafficking to fund the war. Chamorro told the San Francisco Examiner in 1986 that he and FDN director [[Frank Arana]] flew to [[San Francisco]] in October 1982 to select leaders for the [[Contras|Contra]] support committee.[^1] +Edgar Chamorro was a former [[FDN]] director who publicly confirmed that [[Norwin Meneses]] was a Contra leader involved in [[Cocaine]] trafficking to fund the war. Chamorro told the San Francisco Examiner in 1986 that he and FDN director [[Frank Arana]] flew to [[San Francisco]] in October 1982 to select leaders for the [[Contras|Contra]] support committee.[^1] ### Public Confirmation diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edmundo Chamorro.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edmundo Chamorro.md index 84fdade5..1ae6d59c 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edmundo Chamorro.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edmundo Chamorro.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Edmundo Chamorro was the deputy commander of the [[UDN-FARN]] [[Contras|Contra]] ### Captured on Wiretaps -When Costa Rican OIJ agents listened in on phone calls of cocaine dealer [[Horacio Pereira]], they found themselves eavesdropping on Contra commanders discussing [[cocaine]] shipments, drug labs, weapons deliveries, and international politics. Among those captured on the wiretaps was UDN-FARN subcommander Edmundo Chamorro. The wiretaps provided direct evidence of the integration between Contra military operations and drug trafficking on the Southern Front.[^2] +When Costa Rican OIJ agents listened in on phone calls of cocaine dealer [[Horacio Pereira]], they found themselves eavesdropping on Contra commanders discussing [[Cocaine]] shipments, drug labs, weapons deliveries, and international politics. Among those captured on the wiretaps was UDN-FARN subcommander Edmundo Chamorro. The wiretaps provided direct evidence of the integration between Contra military operations and drug trafficking on the Southern Front.[^2] ### CIA Connections diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edward P. Boland.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edward P. Boland.md index 9b737ac4..ecc7c88a 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edward P. Boland.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edward P. Boland.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Edward P. Boland was the Massachusetts Democratic congressman who sponsored the ### The Boland Amendments -The amendments sought to rein in the Reagan administration's covert war by prohibiting the [[Central Intelligence Agency]], [[National Security Council]], or any other U.S. government agency from providing military aid to the [[Contras]]. The legislation directly led to [[Oliver North]]'s illegal efforts to fund the Contras through alternative sources, including [[Iran]] arms sales proceeds, Saudi contributions, and [[cocaine]] trafficking profits. The Boland Amendments exposed the tension between congressional oversight and executive branch determination to pursue the Contra war by any means necessary.[^2] +The amendments sought to rein in the Reagan administration's covert war by prohibiting the [[Central Intelligence Agency]], [[National Security Council]], or any other U.S. government agency from providing military aid to the [[Contras]]. The legislation directly led to [[Oliver North]]'s illegal efforts to fund the Contras through alternative sources, including [[Iran]] arms sales proceeds, Saudi contributions, and [[Cocaine]] trafficking profits. The Boland Amendments exposed the tension between congressional oversight and executive branch determination to pursue the Contra war by any means necessary.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edwin Corr.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edwin Corr.md index 3a1d6628..001031de 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edwin Corr.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Edwin Corr.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Edwin Corr was the U.S. Ambassador to [[El Salvador]] who received [[Celerino Ca ### Shutting Down the Investigation -When Castillo reported his findings about [[cocaine]] trafficking at Ilopango to Ambassador Corr, Corr sent a secret back channel cable to Washington. Rather than supporting Castillo's investigation, the response from Washington was to shut it down. The CIA station in El Salvador sent a message to [[Costa Rica]] Station advising the [[DEA]] not to make inquiries about Hangar No. 4 at Ilopango. Corr's role in the chain of suppression illustrated how the State Department participated in protecting the Contra supply operation from law enforcement scrutiny.[^2] +When Castillo reported his findings about [[Cocaine]] trafficking at Ilopango to Ambassador Corr, Corr sent a secret back channel cable to Washington. Rather than supporting Castillo's investigation, the response from Washington was to shut it down. The CIA station in El Salvador sent a message to [[Costa Rica]] Station advising the [[DEA]] not to make inquiries about Hangar No. 4 at Ilopango. Corr's role in the chain of suppression illustrated how the State Department participated in protecting the Contra supply operation from law enforcement scrutiny.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Enrique Bermudez.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Enrique Bermudez.md index 8e3cb8ea..72bacf59 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Enrique Bermudez.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Enrique Bermudez.md @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Enrique Bermúdez "Commandante 380" was the supreme military commander of the [[ ### Contra Leadership -Bermúdez commanded the FDN throughout the Contra war and was a close friend of the [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] family. He reportedly trafficked in arms and [[cocaine]] with Norwin Meneses. [[Dennis Ainsworth]], a [[San Francisco]] Contra supporter, told the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] in 1987 that he had discovered Meneses and Bermúdez were dealing arms and drugs together.[^1] +Bermúdez commanded the FDN throughout the Contra war and was a close friend of the [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] family. He reportedly trafficked in arms and [[Cocaine]] with Norwin Meneses. [[Dennis Ainsworth]], a [[San Francisco]] Contra supporter, told the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] in 1987 that he had discovered Meneses and Bermúdez were dealing arms and drugs together.[^1] ### Earlier Career diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Fernand Gauvin.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Fernand Gauvin.md index 2a995d04..82cf40e5 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Fernand Gauvin.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Fernand Gauvin.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ location: "Rhode Island" updated: 2026-09-22 --- -Fernand "Fern" Gauvin was a civilian counterintelligence specialist working at Arlington Hall, a military/civilian intelligence complex, home to some of the more "James Bond-ish" elements of the U.S. espionage community. He was among the initial group of ten or eleven candidates selected by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]] for the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Gondola Wish]] (later Grill Flame) remote viewing unit in 1977, and one of the original six soldier psychics. A dark-haired, handsome Rhode Islander in his late forties, Gauvin had a long history of psychic experiences and transcendental yearnings dating back to his childhood; he practiced yoga and meditation, experimented with altered states, and read books about spirit-mediums and auras. In 1975 he had an unusual out-of-body experience, an encounter with a "benevolent, luminous, loving entity" that profoundly affected him.[^1] +Fernand "Fern" Gauvin was a civilian counterintelligence specialist working at Arlington Hall, a military/civilian intelligence complex, home to some of the more "James Bond-ish" elements of the U.S. espionage community. He was among the initial group of ten or eleven candidates selected by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]] for the [[Stargate Project|Gondola Wish]] (later Grill Flame) remote viewing unit in 1977, and one of the original six soldier psychics. A dark-haired, handsome Rhode Islander in his late forties, Gauvin had a long history of psychic experiences and transcendental yearnings dating back to his childhood; he practiced yoga and meditation, experimented with altered states, and read books about spirit-mediums and auras. In 1975 he had an unusual out-of-body experience, an encounter with a "benevolent, luminous, loving entity" that profoundly affected him.[^1] Gauvin was one of the six most promising members of the team sent to [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] for two weeks of outbound remote-viewing experiments. He participated in the intense, round-the-clock remote viewing sessions during the Iran hostage crisis (1979-1981). Like [[Nancy Stern]], he was deeply affected by the failure of the rescue mission in April 1980 and subsequently left the unit, vowing never to remote-view again.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Fernando Chamorro.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Fernando Chamorro.md index 1e9b58f3..9013ba50 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Fernando Chamorro.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Fernando Chamorro.md @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ The CIA forced the merger by having their Honduran allies withdraw support from ### Later Activities -While working for the CIA, Chamorro was approached by [[Norwin Meneses]] and asked to haul [[cocaine]] to the [[United States]] from Costa Rica, but he was never directly implicated in cocaine trafficking.[^2] He died in Nicaragua in the early 1990s.[^2] +While working for the CIA, Chamorro was approached by [[Norwin Meneses]] and asked to haul [[Cocaine]] to the [[United States]] from Costa Rica, but he was never directly implicated in cocaine trafficking.[^2] He died in Nicaragua in the early 1990s.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Frank Arana.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Frank Arana.md index db7b1790..b82435b0 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Frank Arana.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Frank Arana.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Frank Arana was an FDN director who flew to San Francisco with Edgar Chamorro in 1982 to establish the Contra support network in California. --- -Frank Arana was an [[FDN]] director who flew to [[San Francisco]] with [[Edgar Chamorro]] in October 1982 to select leaders for the [[Contras|Contra]] support committee. Arana's trip to San Francisco placed him at the center of the Contra political operation in [[California]], which overlapped with [[Norwin Meneses]]'s [[cocaine]] trafficking network on the West Coast.[^1] +Frank Arana was an [[FDN]] director who flew to [[San Francisco]] with [[Edgar Chamorro]] in October 1982 to select leaders for the [[Contras|Contra]] support committee. Arana's trip to San Francisco placed him at the center of the Contra political operation in [[California]], which overlapped with [[Norwin Meneses]]'s [[Cocaine]] trafficking network on the West Coast.[^1] ### The San Francisco Connection diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Frank Barnaby.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Frank Barnaby.md index 3c86fc15..53bf2bd8 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Frank Barnaby.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Frank Barnaby.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ died: 2020-08-01 location: "Andover, Hampshire, England" --- -Frank Barnaby was a nuclear physicist and former employee of [[Britain]]'s nuclear weapons installation at Aldermaston. He spent two days with [[Mordecai Vanunu]] at the request of the *Sunday Times* to verify Vanunu's account of [[Israel]]'s nuclear program. Barnaby concluded that Vanunu's account was "totally convincing." After leaving government service, Barnaby became director of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), an arms control study group funded by the Swedish government.[^1] +Frank Barnaby was a nuclear physicist and former employee of [[Britain]]'s nuclear weapons installation at Aldermaston. He spent two days with [[Mordecai Vanunu]] at the request of the *[[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]]* to verify Vanunu's account of [[Israel]]'s nuclear program. Barnaby concluded that Vanunu's account was "totally convincing." After leaving government service, Barnaby became director of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), an arms control study group funded by the Swedish government.[^1] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Frederick Atwater.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Frederick Atwater.md index 4c39f5a9..ef33d7fb 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Frederick Atwater.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Frederick Atwater.md @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ born: 1947-01-01 location: "Glendale, California" --- -Frederick Holmes "Skip" Atwater (born 1947, Glendale, California) was the [[U.S. Army]] intelligence officer at [[Fort Meade]], Maryland, who proposed the formation of a military remote viewing unit in 1977, recruited its initial personnel, and served as its operations officer through the program's most active period until his retirement from the Army in 1987. His proposal directly initiated what became the [[STARGATE PROJECT]] series of programs - Gondola Wish, Grill Flame, Center Lane, [[Sun Streak]] - that constituted the military's remote viewing research and intelligence effort for nearly two decades. +Frederick Holmes "Skip" Atwater (born 1947, Glendale, California) was the [[U.S. Army]] intelligence officer at [[Fort Meade]], Maryland, who proposed the formation of a military remote viewing unit in 1977, recruited its initial personnel, and served as its operations officer through the program's most active period until his retirement from the Army in 1987. His proposal directly initiated what became the [[Stargate Project]] series of programs - Gondola Wish, Grill Flame, Center Lane, [[Sun Streak]] - that constituted the military's remote viewing research and intelligence effort for nearly two decades. ### Army Career and STARGATE Initiation diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/James Clapper.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/James Clapper.md index f60a21a7..33106c6e 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/James Clapper.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/James Clapper.md @@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ location: "Fort Wayne, Indiana" --- -Lieutenant General [[James Clapper]] was a [[U.S. Air Force]] officer who later served as the Director of the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] and subsequently as the [[Director of National Intelligence]]. In the context of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], Clapper was involved with the program in the 1990s, serving as a project leader. His involvement highlights the continued, albeit evolving, interest in [[Psi|psychic]] phenomena within the U.S. intelligence community even in later stages of the program's existence[^1]. +Lieutenant General [[James Clapper]] was a [[U.S. Air Force]] officer who later served as the Director of the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] and subsequently as the [[Director of National Intelligence]]. In the context of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], Clapper was involved with the program in the 1990s, serving as a project leader. His involvement highlights the continued, albeit evolving, interest in [[Psi|psychic]] phenomena within the U.S. intelligence community even in later stages of the program's existence[^1]. -In 1991, after the *[[Associated Press]]* broke the story about [[Psi]] and its involvement in finding [[Saddam Hussein]]'s weapon sites, Clapper, then Director of the DIA, faced intense scrutiny. He stated that he and his three predecessors had all tried to kill the program, finding it "too far out at the leading edge of technology to maintain very well as an ongoing intelligence activity"[^2]. +In 1991, after the *[[Associated Press]]* broke the story about Psi and its involvement in finding [[Saddam Hussein]]'s weapon sites, Clapper, then Director of the DIA, faced intense scrutiny. He stated that he and his three predecessors had all tried to kill the program, finding it "too far out at the leading edge of technology to maintain very well as an ongoing intelligence activity"[^2]. Despite his efforts to terminate the program, Clapper noted that [[U.S. Congress|Congress]] mandated its sustenance through specific language in appropriations. He categorized the [[Department of Defense]]'s [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and [[Psychokinesis|PK]] research as "leading edge technology," rather than parapsychology[^2]. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Jimmy Carter.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Jimmy Carter.md index 63fd28a1..9e455523 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Jimmy Carter.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Jimmy Carter.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ James Earl "Jimmy" Carter Jr. was the 39th President of the [[United States]], s ### Nuclear Nonproliferation and South African Tests -Carter and [[Leonid Brezhnev]] worked together to lead an international campaign of protest against [[South Africa]]'s suspected nuclear test in the [[Kalahari]] in August 1977. The South African government backed down, and Carter publicly announced that [[South Africa]] did not intend to develop nuclear explosive devices. However, the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] later concluded that the strong international protests had only deflected [[South Africa]] "at least temporarily" from its planned test, and that Israeli military personnel were openly present at the Kalahari test site.[^1] +Carter and [[Leonid Brezhnev]] worked together to lead an international campaign of protest against [[South Africa]]'s suspected nuclear test in the [[Kalahari]] in August 1977. The South African government backed down, and Carter publicly announced that South Africa did not intend to develop nuclear explosive devices. However, the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] later concluded that the strong international protests had only deflected South Africa "at least temporarily" from its planned test, and that Israeli military personnel were openly present at the Kalahari test site.[^1] ### Israeli Satellite Intelligence Access @@ -24,19 +24,19 @@ In March 1979, President Carter made the decision to provide [[Israel]] with acc ### VELA Satellite Incident -On September 22, 1979, a [[VELA Satellite]] recorded two distinctive bright flashes of light over the South Indian Ocean, probable evidence of a nuclear explosion. This event, suspected to be a joint Israeli-South African nuclear test, created a horrible dilemma for President Carter, just months before the 1980 presidential campaign. Carter, who had emphasized nonproliferation, faced criticism for hypocrisy if he did not act, but political repercussions if he sought sanctions against [[Israel]] and [[South Africa]].[^1] +On September 22, 1979, a [[VELA Satellite]] recorded two distinctive bright flashes of light over the South Indian Ocean, probable evidence of a nuclear explosion. This event, suspected to be a joint Israeli-South African nuclear test, created a horrible dilemma for President Carter, just months before the 1980 presidential campaign. Carter, who had emphasized nonproliferation, faced criticism for hypocrisy if he did not act, but political repercussions if he sought sanctions against Israel and South Africa.[^1] ### Psychic Research Programs -His presidency coincided with the early years of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, the U.S. government's secret psychic research effort. President Carter was reportedly aware of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, with Congressman [[Charlie Rose]] even discussing it with him. However, his administration's stance on the program was complex. While some officials, like [[William Perry]], sought to cut its funding, the program managed to continue.[^3] +His presidency coincided with the early years of the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program, the U.S. government's secret psychic research effort. President Carter was reportedly aware of the Grill Flame program, with Congressman [[Charlie Rose]] even discussing it with him. However, his administration's stance on the program was complex. While some officials, like [[William Perry]], sought to cut its funding, the program managed to continue.[^3] ### Iran Hostage Crisis -The [[Iran Hostage Crisis]] (1979-1981) was a major challenge during his presidency. Remote viewers were extensively tasked by the [[Department of Defense|Pentagon]] and [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] to gather intelligence on the hostages' whereabouts and conditions, though the administration's handling of the crisis, including the failed rescue attempt, ultimately led to the hostages' release on the day Carter's presidency ended.[^3] +The [[Iran Hostage Crisis]] (1979-1981) was a major challenge during his presidency. Remote viewers were extensively tasked by the [[Department of Defense|Pentagon]] and CIA to gather intelligence on the hostages' whereabouts and conditions, though the administration's handling of the crisis, including the failed rescue attempt, ultimately led to the hostages' release on the day Carter's presidency ended.[^3] ### Latin American Policy -During his presidency, Carter's human rights foreign policy in [[Latin America]] reportedly distanced the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] under [[Stansfield Turner]] from any death-squad interdiction. His administration was also reportedly reluctant to pursue certain figures involved in the drug trade, such as General Torrijos of [[Panama]], due to ongoing negotiations for the [[Panama Canal]] treaty.[^4] +During his presidency, Carter's human rights foreign policy in [[Latin America]] reportedly distanced the CIA under [[Stansfield Turner]] from any death-squad interdiction. His administration was also reportedly reluctant to pursue certain figures involved in the drug trade, such as General Torrijos of [[Panama]], due to ongoing negotiations for the [[Panama Canal]] treaty.[^4] ### Connections to BCCI diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/John B. Alexander.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/John B. Alexander.md index 90633383..bcb6c975 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/John B. Alexander.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/John B. Alexander.md @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Alexander's esoteric interests caught the attention of [[First Earth Battalion|T Alexander's work at INSCOM focused on developing human technologies to enhance soldier performance and narrow the "human technology gap." He explored various new age and self-help programs, including sleep discipline, neurolinguistic programming, and Silva Mind Control[^1]. -He also played a role in the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, particularly after the [[James Randi]] hoax. Alexander suggested using magicians as consultants, and worked with [[Doug Henning]] and [[Jack Houck]] on psychokinesis research, observing spoon-bending parties to understand the phenomena[^1]. +He also played a role in the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program, particularly after the [[James Randi]] hoax. Alexander suggested using magicians as consultants, and worked with [[Doug Henning]] and [[Jack Houck]] on psychokinesis research, observing spoon-bending parties to understand the phenomena[^1]. After retiring from the military, Alexander joined [[Psi]]'s corporate board in 1990, though he later stated it was a mistake[^1]. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/John Berberich.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/John Berberich.md index 05460ffe..db1912a2 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/John Berberich.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/John Berberich.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ tags: summary: "John Berberich was a Division Chief at the DIA." --- -John Berberich was a Division Chief at the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]]. In October 1990, he became the new DIA division chief and gave [[Dale Graff]] the position of branch chief at [[Fort Meade]], placing Graff in charge of the [[Remote Viewing]] program, which was then renamed [[STARGATE PROJECT|Star Gate]][^1]. +John Berberich was a Division Chief at the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]]. In October 1990, he became the new DIA division chief and gave [[Dale Graff]] the position of branch chief at [[Fort Meade]], placing Graff in charge of the [[Remote Viewing]] program, which was then renamed [[Stargate Project|Star Gate]][^1]. Berberich's decision to appoint Graff to this leadership role indicated a shift in the program's management, aiming for a more operationally effective approach. In May 1991, Berberich, along with Graff and three remote viewers (including [[Angela Dellafiora]]), traveled to [[England]], [[Germany]], and [[Israel]] as part of an annual intelligence exchange, further highlighting his involvement in the program's international engagements[^1]. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Juan Rafael Bustillo.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Juan Rafael Bustillo.md index d8c1bb36..ad10c21a 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Juan Rafael Bustillo.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Juan Rafael Bustillo.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ born: 1935-01-31 location: "El Salvador" --- -Juan Rafael Bustillo was the Salvadoran Air Force commander who provided hangar space at Ilopango Air Base for [[Felix Rodriguez]]'s Contra resupply operation. Rodriguez "greased the skids" with Bustillo, using his influence to secure the facilities needed for the covert weapons and [[cocaine]] trafficking operation at the base in [[San Salvador|El Salvador]].[^1] +Juan Rafael Bustillo was the Salvadoran Air Force commander who provided hangar space at Ilopango Air Base for [[Felix Rodriguez]]'s Contra resupply operation. Rodriguez "greased the skids" with Bustillo, using his influence to secure the facilities needed for the covert weapons and [[Cocaine]] trafficking operation at the base in [[San Salvador|El Salvador]].[^1] ### Ilopango Operations diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Ken Bell.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Ken Bell.md index 7c0b87c7..cb2a080b 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Ken Bell.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Ken Bell.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ summary: "U.S. Army captain and original remote viewer in the Stargate Project k updated: 2026-09-22 --- -Ken Bell was a U.S. Army captain and one of the original six remote viewers in the [[STARGATE PROJECT]]. He was recruited into the program, then codenamed Gondola Wish, in 1977 by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]].[^1] +Ken Bell was a U.S. Army captain and one of the original six remote viewers in the [[Stargate Project]]. He was recruited into the program, then codenamed Gondola Wish, in 1977 by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]].[^1] Bell had a background in counterintelligence and was known for his interest in meditation. He was described as short, wiry, and somewhat intense. He believed that psi could never be used to make money, as psychics who tried to get rich often failed, suggesting a connection between psi and human morality. He was among the six most promising members sent to [[Stanford Research Institute]] (SRI) for two weeks of outbound remote-viewing experiments, where SRI evaluated their talents and confirmed their suitability for operational remote viewing.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Kit Green.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Kit Green.md index 5b5c35a3..23e15189 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Kit Green.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Kit Green.md @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Christopher "Kit" Green was a physician and neurophysiologist who served in the Green was working in the CIA's Life Sciences Division when physicist [[Hal Puthoff]] initiated contact with the agency regarding proposed research on anomalous mental phenomena. On June 27, 1972, Puthoff wrote to Green at the CIA outlining remote viewing as a legitimate area for scientific investigation, proposing formal experiments at SRI to assess whether the phenomena could be reproduced under controlled conditions. This letter - subsequently released under FOIA and housed in the CIA Reading Room - established the institutional relationship between SRI and the CIA's scientific analysis staff that would persist for more than two decades.[^1] -Green served as the primary CIA officer receiving and evaluating SRI's experimental results during the early years of the program, which was organized under various code names before being consolidated as the [[STARGATE PROJECT|STAR GATE]] program. In this capacity he reviewed classified experimental data, participated in briefings, and maintained the agency's formal interest in the research while keeping it within the Life Sciences Division's medical and scientific framework rather than the operational framework of the Directorate of Operations.[^2] +Green served as the primary CIA officer receiving and evaluating SRI's experimental results during the early years of the program, which was organized under various code names before being consolidated as the [[Stargate Project|STAR GATE]] program. In this capacity he reviewed classified experimental data, participated in briefings, and maintained the agency's formal interest in the research while keeping it within the Life Sciences Division's medical and scientific framework rather than the operational framework of the Directorate of Operations.[^2] ### Uri Geller and the SRI Experiments diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Larry Combest.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Larry Combest.md index 9f5a6120..da0839eb 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Larry Combest.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Larry Combest.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ updated: 2026-09-22 Larry Ed Combest was born in Memphis, Hall County, [[Texas]], on March 20, 1945, graduated from West Texas State University in 1969, farmed, directed the Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service office in 1971, and was legislative assistant to Senator [[John Tower]] from 1971 to 1978. Elected as a Republican in 1984, he sat in the House, a member from [[Lubbock]], from January 3, 1985, until his resignation on May 31, 2003, sat on the [[House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence]] from 1988, chaired it in the 104th Congress, and chaired the Agriculture Committee in the 106th and 107th.[^1] -As chairman he was the addressee of the CIA's letter of March 28, 1995, transmitting DIA's and the CIA's responses to Congress's directed actions on the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Star Gate]] program ([[1995 transfer of Star Gate to the CIA]]). On April 9, 1996, he sent the Speaker the committee staff study *IC21: The Intelligence Community in the 21st Century,* "carefully edited in consultation with the appropriate agencies to remove any classified information." In 1996 "Mr. Combest was awarded the National Intelligence Distinguished Service Medal and the Seal Medallion of the Central Intelligence Agency," and he served as vice chairman of the [[Commission on Protecting and Reducing Government Secrecy|Moynihan Commission]] on secrecy.[^2] +As chairman he was the addressee of the CIA's letter of March 28, 1995, transmitting DIA's and the CIA's responses to Congress's directed actions on the [[Stargate Project|Star Gate]] program ([[1995 transfer of Star Gate to the CIA]]). On April 9, 1996, he sent the Speaker the committee staff study *IC21: The Intelligence Community in the 21st Century,* "carefully edited in consultation with the appropriate agencies to remove any classified information." In 1996 "Mr. Combest was awarded the National Intelligence Distinguished Service Medal and the Seal Medallion of the Central Intelligence Agency," and he served as vice chairman of the [[Commission on Protecting and Reducing Government Secrecy|Moynihan Commission]] on secrecy.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Lyn Buchanan.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Lyn Buchanan.md index 5093c7c0..c8c5c425 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Lyn Buchanan.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Lyn Buchanan.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ born: 1939-07-28 location: "Waco, Texas" --- -Lyn Buchanan was a [[U.S. Army]] sergeant who served as a remote viewer in the classified Army program at [[Fort Meade]] that operated under the successive designations [[STARGATE PROJECT|Center Lane]], [[Sun Streak]], and STAR GATE during the 1980s and early 1990s. He was trained in [[Coordinate Remote Viewing]] (CRV) by [[Ingo Swann]] after Swann returned to the program to train Army viewers beginning in 1984, and became one of the unit's more consistently producing operational viewers.[^1] +Lyn Buchanan was a [[U.S. Army]] sergeant who served as a remote viewer in the classified Army program at [[Fort Meade]] that operated under the successive designations [[Stargate Project|Center Lane]], [[Sun Streak]], and STAR GATE during the 1980s and early 1990s. He was trained in [[Coordinate Remote Viewing]] (CRV) by [[Ingo Swann]] after Swann returned to the program to train Army viewers beginning in 1984, and became one of the unit's more consistently producing operational viewers.[^1] ### Military Remote Viewing Career diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Mario Calero.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Mario Calero.md index 8f38f0a0..2808ff81 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Mario Calero.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Mario Calero.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Mario Calero was the brother of FDN leader Adolfo Calero who operated air cargo companies used for Contra supply missions and cocaine smuggling. --- -Mario Calero was the brother of [[FDN]] leader [[Adolfo Calero]] who operated air cargo companies used for Contra supply missions and [[cocaine]] smuggling. Mario ran [[Hondu Carib Cargo]] Inc., which the FDN hired to transport supplies, blurring the line between legitimate logistics and drug trafficking.[^1] +Mario Calero was the brother of [[FDN]] leader [[Adolfo Calero]] who operated air cargo companies used for Contra supply missions and [[Cocaine]] smuggling. Mario ran [[Hondu Carib Cargo]] Inc., which the FDN hired to transport supplies, blurring the line between legitimate logistics and drug trafficking.[^1] ### Hondu Carib Cargo diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Michael Abbell.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Michael Abbell.md index e8412851..63e846cf 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Michael Abbell.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Michael Abbell.md @@ -3,27 +3,45 @@ category: "Organized Crime" tags: - Person - OrganizedCrime - - Cartel -summary: "Abbell served as a staff assistant to the Assistant U.S." + - CaliCartel + - Lawyer + - DepartmentOfJustice +summary: "Former head of the Justice Department's Office of International Affairs who became a Washington lawyer for the Rodríguez Orejuela brothers of the Cali cartel and was convicted in 1998 of conspiring to launder its money." +location: "Washington, D.C." +relations: + - type: employed_by + with: "[[Department of Justice]]" + start: 1973 + role: "staff assistant to an assistant attorney general; director, Office of International Affairs, Criminal Division, 1979-1982 (sole source: Seymour)" + fn: 1 + - type: partner_of + with: "[[Bruno Ristau]]" + role: "Ristau & Abbell" + fn: 2 + - type: represented + with: "[[Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela]]" + fn: 3 + - type: represented + with: "[[Miguel Rodriguez Orejuela]]" + fn: 3 +created: 2025-08-05 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -[[Michael Abbell]] is a former official of the [[Department of Justice|U.S. Department of Justice]] who later became a central figure in investigations related to drug trafficking and money laundering, particularly involving the [[Cali Drug Cartel]].[1] -### Career in the Justice Department +Michael Abbell was a staff assistant to an assistant attorney general of the [[Department of Justice]] from 1973 to 1979 and director of the Office of International Affairs of its Criminal Division from 1979 to 1982, according to [[Cheri Seymour]]. On leaving the department he joined the firm of Kaplan, Russin and Becchi, which had an office in Bogotá, and later formed his own Washington firm, Ristau & Abbell, with [[Bruno Ristau]].[^1][^2] -Abbell served as a staff assistant to the Assistant U.S. Attorney General from 1973 to 1979. From 1979 to 1982, he held the position of Director of the Office of International Affairs of the Criminal Division of the [[Department of Justice|Department of Justice]].[1] +### The Cali Case -### Post-DOJ Career and Allegations +Abbell acknowledged that [[Miguel Rodriguez Orejuela|Miguel]] and [[Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela]], the heads of the [[Cali Drug Cartel]], were his clients.[^3] In an affidavit for a search warrant on his office, issued on September 2, 1994, the Customs agent Edward Kacerosky described the role of the organization's lawyers as defending arrested members at the request of the brothers "in order to assure the organization that these individuals will [sic] not cooperate," supplying the brothers with information on the government's investigations, serving as "conduits for legal fees, bail monies and support payments" to the families of arrested members, and obtaining affidavits "which falsely exculpate Miguel and Gilberto Rodríguez-Orejuela" for use in Colombia's courts.[^3] A grand jury in Miami returned a third superseding indictment against Abbell and the lawyer William Moran on June 2, 1995, for racketeering conspiracy and related counts.[^3] -After leaving the [[Department of Justice|Department of Justice]] in 1984, Abbell joined the law firm of [[Kaplan, Russin and Becchi]], which had offices in various international locations, including Bogota, Colombia. He was later associated with his own firm, [[Ristau and Abbell]], in Washington D.C., with [[Bruno Ristau]] as his partner.[1] +The evidence at trial showed that the cartel kept its employees silent with "a carrot-and-stick approach," paying the legal fees and family expenses of those arrested and threatening those who cooperated; that Ristau & Abbell paid about 100 dollars a month into the prison commissary accounts of two convicted cartel employees; and that Abbell told the lawyer of the cartel's former Miami manager, Harold Ackerman, that Rodríguez Orejuela would pay his fees and wanted Ackerman to sign an affidavit "that both Shohat and Abbell knew to be false." In the days and weeks before the search, Abbell "destroyed or altered his records of his bills to Rodriguez-Orejuela." After a first trial in 1997 ended in an acquittal on one count and a hung jury, a jury convicted him in 1998 of racketeering conspiracy and conspiracy to launder money; the trial judge set aside the racketeering count, and Abbell was sentenced to 87 months. On November 7, 2001, the Eleventh Circuit reinstated the racketeering conviction, affirmed the money-laundering conviction and ordered him resentenced.[^2] -Abbell was indicted in Miami on June 6, 1995, for laundering money for the [[Cali Drug Cartel]]. Surveillance reports indicated he made frequent visits to the home of [[Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela]], a leader of the Cali Cartel, in Bogota, Colombia. He was subsequently prosecuted and served a prison term.[1] +### The Octopus -### Connections to "The Octopus" Investigation +According to Seymour, the last lead [[Danny Casolaro]] pursued before his death in August 1991 was a connection between Abbell, the Cali cartel and [[Robert Booth Nichols]]. [[Michael Riconosciuto]] told her that Abbell, Nichols and Gilberto Rodríguez Orejuela were "all in bed together," and that Nichols had given Abbell 50,000 dollars in cash to handle a Justice Department internal inquiry that would have led to the extradition of Rodríguez Orejuela and [[Jose Santacruz Londono|José Santacruz Londoño]], whom Nichols considered "intelligence people."[^1] -Abbell's activities became a significant focus of investigative journalist [[Danny Casolaro]]'s "[[The Octopus]]" probe during the last week of Casolaro's life. Casolaro had discovered a connection between Abbell, the [[Cali Drug Cartel]], and [[Robert Booth Nichols]], an international intelligence operative.[1] - -[[Michael Riconosciuto]] claimed that Abbell, [[Robert Booth Nichols]], and [[Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela]] were "all in bed together." Riconosciuto also alleged that Nichols provided Abbell with $50,000 in cash to handle an internal affairs investigation within the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] that would have led to the extradition of Cali Cartel leaders [[Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela]] and [[Jose Santacruz Londono]], whom Nichols reportedly considered "intelligence people."[1] - ---- ### Footnotes -[1] Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010. \ No newline at end of file + +[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. Sole source for the Justice Department career dates, the Kaplan firm and Riconosciuto's claims. +[^2]: *United States v. Abbell,* 271 F.3d 1286 (11th Cir. 2001). https://openjurist.org/271/f3d/1286 +[^3]: *United States v. Abbell,* 963 F. Supp. 1178 (S.D. Fla. 1997), order denying motions to suppress. https://openjurist.org/963/fsupp/1178 diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Norm Everheart.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Norm Everheart.md index 18f78041..a42dbeff 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Norm Everheart.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Norm Everheart.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Norm Everheart was a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] technical operations sp In late 1974 or early 1975, Everheart was appointed liaison to "Staff D" (later the Office of SIGINT Operations), an office specializing in small-scale signals intelligence collection. It was in this role that he was introduced to the remote viewing program by [[Kenneth A. Kress|Ken Kress]], who had initiated [[Stanford Research Institute]] (SRI)'s first psi research contract. Everheart, initially unfamiliar with remote viewing, was urged to consider how it might benefit Staff D operations, particularly through the abilities of [[Pat Price]].[^1] -Everheart became the chief coordinator for [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] taskings from the CIA's Operations Directorate, working alongside his superior [[John McMahon]], the CIA's deputy director for operations. He was a pragmatic and relatively open-minded individual in the often "cold and conniving" world of intelligence. He employed an "oblique targeting method," where the remote viewer was given minimal information about the target, which helped build confidence in the accuracy of psychic data when it matched unknown facts.[^1] +Everheart became the chief coordinator for [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] taskings from the CIA's Operations Directorate, working alongside his superior [[John McMahon]], the CIA's deputy director for operations. He was a pragmatic and relatively open-minded individual in the often "cold and conniving" world of intelligence. He employed an "oblique targeting method," where the remote viewer was given minimal information about the target, which helped build confidence in the accuracy of psychic data when it matched unknown facts.[^1] He was involved in several notable remote viewing operations. In one, he tasked [[Ken Bell]] and [[Mel Riley]] to remote-view a KGB "illegal" in South Africa, leading to the discovery of a hidden pocket calculator used for coding messages. In another, he tasked [[Joe McMoneagle]] to remote-view a Soviet Embassy official carrying a fishing pole, which led to the identification of a dead-drop site. Despite the "giggle factor" from skeptical colleagues like Staff D chief Ed Rogers, Everheart remained a strong proponent of remote viewing within the Agency.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Oscar Guerrero.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Oscar Guerrero.md index d5ffcaed..b95e9f71 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Oscar Guerrero.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Oscar Guerrero.md @@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ tags: summary: "Freelance Colombian journalist who met Mordecai Vanunu in Sydney and received top-secret photographs of Israel's nuclear facility." --- -[[Oscar Guerrero]] was a freelance journalist from [[Colombia]]. He met [[Mordecai Vanunu]] in [[Sydney]], [[Australia]], where [[Mordecai Vanunu|Vanunu]] was sharing top-secret photographs of [[Israel|Israel's]] nuclear facility.[^1] +[[Oscar Guerrero]] was a freelance journalist from [[Colombia]]. He met [[Mordecai Vanunu]] in [[Sydney]], [[Australia]], where Vanunu was sharing top-secret photographs of [[Israel|Israel's]] nuclear facility.[^1] -[[Oscar Guerrero|Guerrero]] saw the photographs and proposed publishing them for a fee. He first approached *The Sydney Morning Herald*, but the photographs were rejected. His approach was, however, passed on to the [[Australian Security Intelligence Organization|Australian Security Intelligence Organization]] (ASIO) and then to the [[Australian Security Intelligence Service|Australian Security Intelligence Service]] (ASIS), who informed [[Israel]].[[Oscar Guerrero|Guerrero]] then tried *The Age* newspaper in [[Melbourne]], and later the [[London]] papers.[^1] +Guerrero saw the photographs and proposed publishing them for a fee. He first approached *The Sydney Morning Herald*, but the photographs were rejected. His approach was, however, passed on to the [[Australian Security Intelligence Organization|Australian Security Intelligence Organization]] (ASIO) and then to the [[Australian Security Intelligence Service|Australian Security Intelligence Service]] (ASIS), who informed Israel.Guerrero then tried *The Age* newspaper in [[Melbourne]], and later the [[London]] papers.[^1] -[[Nicholas Davies]], a London *Daily Mirror* foreign editor and [[Israel|Israeli]] agent, stalled [[Oscar Guerrero|Guerrero]] by telling him the newspaper needed an expert to check his claims. [[Oscar Guerrero|Guerrero]] had already struck a deal with *The Sunday Times* to publish [[Mordecai Vanunu|Vanunu's]] story and photographs, with [[Mordecai Vanunu|Vanunu]] receiving a £250,000 advance on a book and [[Oscar Guerrero|Guerrero]] receiving a 10% cut. [[Oscar Guerrero|Guerrero]] approached the *Mirror* because he believed he was being cut out of *The Sunday Times* deal.[^1] +[[Nicholas Davies]], a London *[[Daily Mirror]]* foreign editor and Israeli agent, stalled Guerrero by telling him the newspaper needed an expert to check his claims. Guerrero had already struck a deal with *The [[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]]* to publish Vanunu's story and photographs, with Vanunu receiving a £250,000 advance on a book and Guerrero receiving a 10% cut. Guerrero approached the *Mirror* because he believed he was being cut out of *The Sunday Times* deal.[^1] ### Footnotes [^1]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network*. TrineDay, 1992. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Pablo Escobar.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Pablo Escobar.md index 8cba8a1c..83cf1156 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Pablo Escobar.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Pablo Escobar.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Pablo Escobar was the leader of the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín Cartel]] who all ### Connection to the Contra Supply Chain -The [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] ring sourced its [[cocaine]] from the Ochoa family in Colombia, founders of the Medellín Cartel, and from the Suarez family in [[Bolivia]]. The cartel's vast distribution network overlapped with the [[Central Intelligence Agency]]'s Contra supply chain, as the same aircraft and pilots moved weapons south and drugs north. Barry Seal, a CIA and [[DEA]] contract agent, was flying loads in directly for the Medellín Cartel while simultaneously working on U.S. government missions.[^2] +The [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] ring sourced its [[Cocaine]] from the Ochoa family in Colombia, founders of the Medellín Cartel, and from the Suarez family in [[Bolivia]]. The cartel's vast distribution network overlapped with the [[Central Intelligence Agency]]'s Contra supply chain, as the same aircraft and pilots moved weapons south and drugs north. Barry Seal, a CIA and [[DEA]] contract agent, was flying loads in directly for the Medellín Cartel while simultaneously working on U.S. government missions.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Rafael Cornejo.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Rafael Cornejo.md index 9fdedb99..849bdcbd 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Rafael Cornejo.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Rafael Cornejo.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ tags: - DarkAllianceInvestigation summary: "Norwin Meneses's nephew and distributor in the San Francisco Bay Area since the mid-1970s whose territory stretched to Portland, Oregon, convicted of income tax evasion in 1985 and cocaine trafficking in 1996." --- -Rafael Cornejo was a major [[cocaine]] trafficker in the [[San Francisco]] Bay Area and a distributor for [[Norwin Meneses]] since the mid-1970s.[^2] His trafficking territory stretched from the Bay Area to Portland, Oregon. His father had been a sergeant in [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]]'s National Guard. Cornejo was at the center of the legal case that brought the [[Dark Alliance]] story to [[Gary Webb]]'s attention.[^1] Cornejo said of Meneses: "You can say what you want about that man, but his heart and soul was into the movement, and that was his priority more than anything else. It's kind of hard to be kicked out of your own country and that's what his passion was. He was straight-up pro-Somocista."[^3] +Rafael Cornejo was a major [[Cocaine]] trafficker in the [[San Francisco]] Bay Area and a distributor for [[Norwin Meneses]] since the mid-1970s.[^2] His trafficking territory stretched from the Bay Area to Portland, Oregon. His father had been a sergeant in [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]]'s National Guard. Cornejo was at the center of the legal case that brought the [[Dark Alliance]] story to [[Gary Webb]]'s attention.[^1] Cornejo said of Meneses: "You can say what you want about that man, but his heart and soul was into the movement, and that was his priority more than anything else. It's kind of hard to be kicked out of your own country and that's what his passion was. He was straight-up pro-Somocista."[^3] ### Criminal History diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Richard D'Amato.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Richard D'Amato.md index 83313cf6..8656b4c7 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Richard D'Amato.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Richard D'Amato.md @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Charles Richard D'Amato was born in Hackensack, [[New Jersey]], on September 28, ### Star Gate -The CIA's papers on the transfer of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Star Gate]] program in 1995 ([[1995 transfer of Star Gate to the CIA]]) record that the Director of Congressional Affairs "described our approach to Mr. Richard D'Amato, the congressional staffer responsible for the language effecting the transfer, and Mr. D'Amato expressed concern about the DIA people, in particular the three remote viewers, during the period that the panel is conducting our review"; that on March 27, 1995, the CIA "briefed Richard D'Amato at Hart Senate Office bldg, on status of transfer; obtained agreement on previously submitted Terms of Reference"; and, in slides for the committee, that "CIA terms of reference requested that no resources be transferred until Blue Ribbon Panel completes directed review, SAC staffer agreed." His support for the program in the Senate is said to have been vital. [[Edwin May]] wrote to him in 1993 to complain that research reports sent to Fort Meade had never been read, and in 1995, dissatisfied with DIA's treatment of the project, he pressed for the transfer.[^4][^5] +The CIA's papers on the transfer of the [[Stargate Project|Star Gate]] program in 1995 ([[1995 transfer of Star Gate to the CIA]]) record that the Director of Congressional Affairs "described our approach to Mr. Richard D'Amato, the congressional staffer responsible for the language effecting the transfer, and Mr. D'Amato expressed concern about the DIA people, in particular the three remote viewers, during the period that the panel is conducting our review"; that on March 27, 1995, the CIA "briefed Richard D'Amato at Hart Senate Office bldg, on status of transfer; obtained agreement on previously submitted Terms of Reference"; and, in slides for the committee, that "CIA terms of reference requested that no resources be transferred until Blue Ribbon Panel completes directed review, SAC staffer agreed." His support for the program in the Senate is said to have been vital. [[Edwin May]] wrote to him in 1993 to complain that research reports sent to Fort Meade had never been read, and in 1995, dissatisfied with DIA's treatment of the project, he pressed for the transfer.[^4][^5] A statement he posted on his own website, headed "1980's Inquiry into Unidentified Aerial Crash in [[New Mexico]]," reads: "In the 1980's and 1990's, I served on the staff of the Senate Democratic Leader, Senator Robert C. Byrd, and my responsibilities involved helping manage the budgets of the Department of Defense and the National Foreign Intelligence Program... In this context, a senior Senate Committee chairman asked me to conduct a preliminary inquiry into allegations that came to his attention regarding unidentified aerial crashes in the 1940's in New Mexico. I met with a number of people who had made public statements on the matter. I reported my conclusion to the Senator that the basis for such allegations did not appear to merit any further Senate investigation. Beyond this inquiry on behalf of the Senator, I have no personal opinion on the matter and consider the inquiry to have been closed for over 20 years."[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Richard DeLauer.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Richard DeLauer.md index 284809f8..0f081898 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Richard DeLauer.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Richard DeLauer.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ location: "Oakland, California" Richard DeLauer was the Undersecretary of Defense for Research and Engineering. He was an alumnus of [[California Institute of Technology|Caltech]], the same institution where [[Qian Xuesen|H. S. Tsien]] had studied and co-founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory[^1]. -DeLauer was aware of the power and influence wielded by Tsien, whom he called the "elder statesman" of Chinese scientific technology and development. After receiving [[Hal Puthoff]]'s sixty-page classified report, "Psychoenergetics Research in the People’s Republic of China (1982)," and a back-up briefing, DeLauer signed a memo allocating additional resources, Program Six funds, for the psychic research program [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] (later renamed [[STARGATE PROJECT|Star Gate]])[^1]. +DeLauer was aware of the power and influence wielded by Tsien, whom he called the "elder statesman" of Chinese scientific technology and development. After receiving [[Hal Puthoff]]'s sixty-page classified report, "Psychoenergetics Research in the People’s Republic of China (1982)," and a back-up briefing, DeLauer signed a memo allocating additional resources, Program Six funds, for the psychic research program [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] (later renamed Star Gate)[^1]. ### Footnotes [^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Rob Cowart.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Rob Cowart.md index b961bccd..d6797f4e 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Rob Cowart.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Rob Cowart.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ tags: summary: "Rob Cowart was a Captain in military intelligence and one of the two military intelligence officers personally trained by Ingo Swann in CRV techniques." --- -Rob Cowart was a Captain in military intelligence and one of the two military intelligence officers personally trained by [[Ingo Swann]] in [[Coordinate Remote Viewing|CRV]] techniques. In 1982, he was read onto the classified [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program[^1]. +Rob Cowart was a Captain in military intelligence and one of the two military intelligence officers personally trained by [[Ingo Swann]] in [[Coordinate Remote Viewing|CRV]] techniques. In 1982, he was read onto the classified [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program[^1]. The plan was for Cowart and [[Tom McNear]], the other trainee, to become the program's CRV trainers. However, McNear later noted that Cowart was medically retired due to cancer, which contributed to McNear's decision to leave the unit[^1]. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Robert Byrd.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Robert Byrd.md index ca3e5f3a..f4a5b867 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Robert Byrd.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Robert Byrd.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ location: "North Wilkesboro, North Carolina" created: 2025-08-05 updated: 2026-09-22 --- -[[Robert Byrd]] was a powerful West Virginia Democratic Senator. Barbara Videnieks, wife of [[Peter Videnieks]], the Justice Department contracting officer on the [[PROMIS]] contract, worked in his office.[^1][^2] The suggestion by [[Michael Riconosciuto]] and others that Peter Videnieks was involved in the death of [[Danny Casolaro]] in [[West Virginia]], the Justice Department's review of 1994 stated, appeared "to rest on the fact that Mr. Videnieks' wife works for Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia"; it found "no evidence whatsoever of Mr. Videnieks' involvement." [[Joseph Cuellar]], an Army Reserve major, told the reviewers that his former fiancée had worked with Barbara Videnieks "in the Capitol Hill office of West Virginia Senator Robert Byrd."[^2] Byrd played a major role in the effort to have the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] move some of its administrative offices to Charlestown, 20 miles from Martinsburg, on the Virginia border.[^1] +[[Robert Byrd]] was a powerful West Virginia Democratic Senator. Barbara Videnieks, wife of [[Peter Videnieks]], the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] contracting officer on the [[PROMIS]] contract, worked in his office.[^1][^2] The suggestion by [[Michael Riconosciuto]] and others that Peter Videnieks was involved in the death of [[Danny Casolaro]] in [[West Virginia]], the Justice Department's review of 1994 stated, appeared "to rest on the fact that Mr. Videnieks' wife works for Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia"; it found "no evidence whatsoever of Mr. Videnieks' involvement." [[Joseph Cuellar]], an Army Reserve major, told the reviewers that his former fiancée had worked with Barbara Videnieks "in the Capitol Hill office of West Virginia Senator Robert Byrd."[^2] Byrd played a major role in the effort to have the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] move some of its administrative offices to Charlestown, 20 miles from Martinsburg, on the Virginia border.[^1] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Robert Gates.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Robert Gates.md index 10116682..a0798c8f 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Robert Gates.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/Robert Gates.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ In 1986, Gates noted a significant buildup in advanced technology weapons facili Gates revealed details about the [[Moscow Signal]] in his 1997 memoir, *From the Shadows*. He described how the CIA detected a new and more powerful set of Soviet microwave beams aimed at the [[U.S. Embassy in Moscow]] in 1973, code-named MUTS-2. He noted that these signals were regarded as posing a greater health hazard due to their duration and peculiar characteristics[^2]. -On November 28, 1995, Gates appeared on *Nightline* with [[Ted Koppel]] to discuss the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate program]], where he downplayed the significance of the government's psychic research[^2]. +On November 28, 1995, Gates appeared on *Nightline* with [[Ted Koppel]] to discuss the [[Stargate Project|Stargate program]], where he downplayed the significance of the government's psychic research[^2]. ### Remote Viewing diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/W. Ross Adey.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/W. Ross Adey.md index 42e0e16f..a2cab21b 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/W. Ross Adey.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/W. Ross Adey.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ died: 2004-05-20 location: "Adelaide, Australia" --- -W. Ross Adey was the chief of staff of the Research Division at Veterans Hospital in Loma Linda, California. He was a member of the new science panel for the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Sun Streak]] program, which was established on January 31, 1986[^1]. +W. Ross Adey was the chief of staff of the Research Division at Veterans Hospital in Loma Linda, California. He was a member of the new science panel for the [[Stargate Project|Sun Streak]] program, which was established on January 31, 1986[^1]. ### Footnotes [^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/William Barr.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/William Barr.md index 8ecb1817..4ab02aa4 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/William Barr.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(A-G)/William Barr.md @@ -11,11 +11,50 @@ tags: summary: "Former CIA employee who became Attorney General in 1991 and again in 2019; he appointed the INSLAW and BNL special counsels and urged the Iran-Contra pardons of 1992." born: 1950-05-23 location: "Washington, D.C." +relations: + - type: employed_by + with: "[[Central Intelligence Agency]]" + start: 1973 + end: 1977 + role: "assistant legislative counsel" + fn: 1 + - type: head_of + with: "[[Office of Legal Counsel]]" + start: 1989 + fn: 1 + - type: employed_by + with: "[[Department of Justice]]" + start: 1989 + end: 1993 + role: "Office of Legal Counsel, deputy attorney general, attorney general" + fn: 1 + - type: appointed + with: "[[Nicholas J. Bua]]" + start: 1991-11-07 + role: "INSLAW special counsel" + fn: 2 + - type: appointed + with: "[[Frederick Lacey]]" + start: 1992-10-16 + role: "BNL special counsel" + fn: 4 + - type: appointed + with: "[[Malcolm Wilkey]]" + role: "House bank special counsel" + fn: 1 + - type: director_of + with: "[[Dominion Energy]]" + end: 2019-02-12 + fn: 5 + - type: relative_of + with: "[[Donald Barr]]" + role: "son" + fn: 6 created: 2025-08-05 updated: 2026-09-22 --- -William P. Barr worked at the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] from 1973 to 1977 while attending law school at night. "During my tenure at CIA, 1973 to '77, the investigations of the agency started, and I moved to the legislative counsel's office," he recalled; as assistant legislative counsel under Director [[George H.W. Bush]] in 1976 he worked against legislation of Representatives Michael Harrington and Bella Abzug that would have required notice to people whose mail the agency had opened under [[HTLINGUAL]]. He then clerked for Judge Malcolm Wilkey of the [[United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit|D.C. Circuit]], a former head of the Justice Department's Criminal Division, who telephoned Bush for a reference. After private practice and the Reagan transition he joined the White House domestic policy staff, where he worked with C. Boyden Gray, counsel to Vice President Bush. In 1988 he helped screen vice-presidential candidates through Robert Kimmitt.[^1] +William P. Barr worked at the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] from 1973 to 1977 while attending law school at night. "During my tenure at CIA, 1973 to '77, the investigations of the agency started, and I moved to the legislative counsel's office," he recalled; as assistant legislative counsel under Director [[George H.W. Bush]] in 1976 he worked against legislation of Representatives [[Michael Harrington]] and [[Bella Abzug]] that would have required notice to people whose mail the agency had opened under [[HTLINGUAL]]. He then clerked for Judge [[Malcolm Wilkey]] of the [[United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit|D.C. Circuit]], a former head of the Justice Department's Criminal Division, who telephoned Bush for a reference. After private practice and the Reagan transition he joined the [[White House]] domestic policy staff, where he worked with [[C. Boyden Gray]], counsel to Vice President Bush. In 1988 he helped screen vice-presidential candidates through [[Robert Kimmitt]].[^1] ### Justice Department, 1989-1993 @@ -27,7 +66,7 @@ According to the report of [[Nicholas J. Bua]], Barr appointed him special couns #### BNL -On the [[BNL Scandal|Banca Nazionale del Lavoro]] loans to [[Iraq]], Barr declined to seek an independent counsel. "Even though an independent counsel was not required, in my opinion, because they didn't meet the statutory test, I just used my inherent authority," he recalled. He first asked former Attorney General Benjamin Civiletti, who declined, and on October 16, 1992, appointed the retired judge [[Frederick Lacey]]. Barr said the position became untenable after an allegation that the CIA had withheld cables and after a White House aide's call to the Atlanta prosecutor Gale McKenzie about the case, and that Bush telephoned him from Air Force One only to ask what to say about it. Lacey reported on December 8, 1992, that there were no grounds for an independent counsel and that he had "seen nothing" to suggest that [[Brent Scowcroft]] and [[Lawrence Eagleburger]] knew of the loans; Representative [[Henry B. Gonzalez|Henry Gonzalez]] called the report a whitewash.[^1][^4] +On the [[BNL Scandal|Banca Nazionale del Lavoro]] loans to [[Iraq]], Barr declined to seek an independent counsel. "Even though an independent counsel was not required, in my opinion, because they didn't meet the statutory test, I just used my inherent authority," he recalled. He first asked former Attorney General [[Benjamin Civiletti]], who declined, and on October 16, 1992, appointed the retired judge [[Frederick Lacey]]. Barr said the position became untenable after an allegation that the CIA had withheld cables and after a White House aide's call to the Atlanta prosecutor [[Gale McKenzie]] about the case, and that Bush telephoned him from Air Force One only to ask what to say about it. Lacey reported on December 8, 1992, that there were no grounds for an independent counsel and that he had "seen nothing" to suggest that [[Brent Scowcroft]] and [[Lawrence Eagleburger]] knew of the loans; Representative [[Henry B. Gonzalez|Henry Gonzalez]] called the report a whitewash.[^1][^4] #### House Bank @@ -35,7 +74,7 @@ Barr appointed his former judge, Wilkey, as special counsel for the investigatio #### Iran-Contra Pardons -At the end of the administration Barr advised Bush to pardon [[Caspar Weinberger]], "but while he was at it, he should pardon about five others." "The big ones obviously were the Iran Contra ones. I certainly did not oppose any of them. I favored the broadest. There were some people arguing just for Weinberger, and I said, 'No, in for a penny, in for a pound.'" He described [[Elliott Abrams]] as "very unjustly treated" and did not remember going through the pardon office. Of the independent counsel [[Lawrence Walsh]] he said: "He was certainly a headhunter and had completely lost perspective." He disputed Bob Woodward's account that Bush "bellowed" at him over Weinberger's indictment on the Friday before the 1992 election: "He didn't even raise his voice. He just said that he felt it cost him the election."[^1] +At the end of the administration Barr advised Bush to pardon [[Caspar Weinberger]], "but while he was at it, he should pardon about five others." "The big ones obviously were the Iran Contra ones. I certainly did not oppose any of them. I favored the broadest. There were some people arguing just for Weinberger, and I said, 'No, in for a penny, in for a pound.'" He described [[Elliott Abrams]] as "very unjustly treated" and did not remember going through the pardon office. Of the independent counsel [[Lawrence Walsh]] he said: "He was certainly a headhunter and had completely lost perspective." He disputed [[Bob Woodward]]'s account that Bush "bellowed" at him over Weinberger's indictment on the Friday before the 1992 election: "He didn't even raise his voice. He just said that he felt it cost him the election."[^1] ### Attorney General, 2019 diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Aparicio Moreno.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Aparicio Moreno.md index 5e8028f6..c89005e1 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Aparicio Moreno.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Aparicio Moreno.md @@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ tags: - Contra_War summary: Colombian cocaine supplier and money launderer connected to both the Blandon and Meneses organizations, the FDN, and a Guatemalan CIA agent. --- -Aparicio Moreno was a [[Colombia|Colombian]] cocaine supplier and money launderer who worked with both [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] and [[Norwin Meneses]], had connections to the [[FDN]], and was later linked to a [[Central Intelligence Agency]] agent in [[Guatemala]].[^1] +Aparicio Moreno was a [[Colombia|Colombian]] cocaine supplier and money launderer who worked with both [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] and [[Norwin Meneses]], had connections to the [[FDN]], and was later linked to a [[Central Intelligence Agency]] agent in [[Guatemala]].[^1] -### Role in the Blandón Network +### Role in the Blandón Network -Moreno was introduced to Blandón by Norwin Meneses and supplied Blandón with "so many" thousands of kilos of cocaine in 1984 and 1985 that Blandón could not put an exact number on them. Blandón worked with Moreno until 1987. [[Ronald Lister]] told police in 1996 that Moreno was "affiliated with [the] FDN," and Blandón strongly suggested the same during interviews with the CIA Inspector General. Moreno arranged "at least one 1-ton delivery that was delivered by air via Oklahoma," Blandón told the CIA. Blandón said "he and his associates thought the plane might be connected with the CIA because someone had placed a small FDN sticker somewhere on the airplane."[^1] +Moreno was introduced to Blandón by Norwin Meneses and supplied Blandón with "so many" thousands of kilos of cocaine in 1984 and 1985 that Blandón could not put an exact number on them. Blandón worked with Moreno until 1987. [[Ronald Lister]] told police in 1996 that Moreno was "affiliated with [the] FDN," and Blandón strongly suggested the same during interviews with the CIA Inspector General. Moreno arranged "at least one 1-ton delivery that was delivered by air via Oklahoma," Blandón told the CIA. Blandón said "he and his associates thought the plane might be connected with the CIA because someone had placed a small FDN sticker somewhere on the airplane."[^1] -A DEA informant described Moreno as a cocaine supplier and money launderer for both Meneses's [[San Francisco]]-based branch and Blandón's [[Los Angeles]] network. Moreno, his wife Aura, and his family hauled millions in drug profits to [[Miami]] hidden in a motor home. Moreno was also living in Ronald Lister's former Mission Viejo residence when the [[LASD Major Violators]] raided it in October 1986. In Lister's handwritten notes, next to the name "Aparicio," he had written "FDN coordinator."[^1] +A DEA informant described Moreno as a cocaine supplier and money launderer for both Meneses's [[San Francisco]]-based branch and Blandón's [[Los Angeles]] network. Moreno, his wife Aura, and his family hauled millions in drug profits to [[Miami]] hidden in a motor home. Moreno was also living in Ronald Lister's former Mission Viejo residence when the [[LASD Major Violators]] raided it in October 1986. In Lister's handwritten notes, next to the name "Aparicio," he had written "FDN coordinator."[^1] ### Guatemala Connections diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Arthur Koestler.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Arthur Koestler.md index 13328de3..80f21d2a 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Arthur Koestler.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Arthur Koestler.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ location: "Budapest, Hungary" Arthur Koestler was a Hungarian-born British novelist, journalist, and critic. He was known for his writings on science, parapsychology, and political philosophy. His 1972 book, *The Roots of Coincidence*, explored the concept of synchronicity and other parapsychological phenomena.[^1] -Koestler's work, particularly *The Roots of Coincidence*, played a role in influencing key figures in the U.S. government's psychic research programs. Major General [[Edmund Thompson]], the Army's assistant chief of staff for intelligence, developed a considerable enthusiasm for psychic spying after reading Koestler's pro-paranormal book. This personal interest contributed to Thompson's approval and support for the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Gondola Wish]] program.[^1] +Koestler's work, particularly *The Roots of Coincidence*, played a role in influencing key figures in the U.S. government's psychic research programs. Major General [[Edmund Thompson]], the Army's assistant chief of staff for intelligence, developed a considerable enthusiasm for psychic spying after reading Koestler's pro-paranormal book. This personal interest contributed to Thompson's approval and support for the [[Stargate Project|Gondola Wish]] program.[^1] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Carlos Lehder.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Carlos Lehder.md index 82b087d4..9977f1d9 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Carlos Lehder.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Carlos Lehder.md @@ -6,15 +6,15 @@ tags: - Colombia - 1980s - Dark_Alliance_Investigation -summary: Colombian drug trafficker who revolutionized cocaine smuggling for the Medellín cartel in the early 1980s. +summary: Colombian drug trafficker who revolutionized cocaine smuggling for the Medellín cartel in the early 1980s. born: 1949-09-07 location: "Armenia, Colombia" --- -Carlos Lehder was a Colombian drug trafficker and key figure in the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín cartel]] who revolutionized the cocaine import/export business in the early 1980s.[^1] +Carlos Lehder was a Colombian drug trafficker and key figure in the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín cartel]] who revolutionized the cocaine import/export business in the early 1980s.[^1] ### Revolutionizing Cocaine Smuggling -By early 1982, Lehder and his associates in Medellín had gotten their act together and, using special airplanes, radar avoidance techniques, and specially designed speedboats, began bringing in unheard-of amounts of cocaine, mostly through the [[Bahamas]]. The result was a massive increase in supply that caused wholesale prices to begin dropping. Ten days before [[Ricky Ross|Ricky Ross]]'s auto theft arrest in March 1982, Customs agents in [[Miami]] searched an airplane owned by a tiny Colombian air cargo company that had flown in from Medellín. When an inspector stuck a screwdriver into boxes labeled "jeans," white powder came pouring out. The seizure topped out at 3,906 pounds, nearly four times the size of the previous U.S. cocaine seizure record. Authors Guy Gugliotta and Jeff Leen wrote in *Kings of Cocaine* that it was the DEA's "first look at the shadow of the beast."[^1] +By early 1982, Lehder and his associates in Medellín had gotten their act together and, using special airplanes, radar avoidance techniques, and specially designed speedboats, began bringing in unheard-of amounts of cocaine, mostly through the [[Bahamas]]. The result was a massive increase in supply that caused wholesale prices to begin dropping. Ten days before [[Ricky Ross|Ricky Ross]]'s auto theft arrest in March 1982, Customs agents in [[Miami]] searched an airplane owned by a tiny Colombian air cargo company that had flown in from Medellín. When an inspector stuck a screwdriver into boxes labeled "jeans," white powder came pouring out. The seizure topped out at 3,906 pounds, nearly four times the size of the previous U.S. cocaine seizure record. Authors Guy Gugliotta and Jeff Leen wrote in *Kings of Cocaine* that it was the DEA's "first look at the shadow of the beast."[^1] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Charles Honorton.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Charles Honorton.md index 77e2eddd..bb4a5153 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Charles Honorton.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Charles Honorton.md @@ -7,6 +7,14 @@ tags: - SRI - RemoteViewing summary: "Parapsychologist at Maimonides Medical Center and director of the Psychophysical Research Laboratories, whose ganzfeld meta-analyses were subcontracted by SRI's government-funded remote-viewing program." +relations: + - type: employed_by + with: "[[Maimonides Medical Center]]" + fn: 1 + - type: contractor_to + with: "[[Stanford Research Institute]]" + role: "director, Psychophysical Research Laboratories; ganzfeld meta-analyses" + fn: 2 created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Chris Moore.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Chris Moore.md index 7831c49a..7cce3448 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Chris Moore.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Chris Moore.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Chris Moore was a former reserve Laguna Beach police officer who served as offic ### Role at Pyramid International -"I think I was actually an officer in Pyramid International. Ron put my name down as treasurer or director or something because he needed to have some directors for the incorporation papers," Moore confirmed. He said Lister had extensive business dealings in [[Central America]], specifically in El Salvador. Lister explained his travels there to Moore as involving gun running and "helping the [[Contras]], supposedly on behalf of the [U.S.] government. I remember the longest conversations with him — 'I'm protected. You're working for the government. Don't worry about anything. I'm protected, I'm protected.' I don't know if that was true or not, but I do know that we stopped worrying about domestic security jobs and started concentrating on foreign ones."[^1] +"I think I was actually an officer in Pyramid International. Ron put my name down as treasurer or director or something because he needed to have some directors for the incorporation papers," Moore confirmed. He said Lister had extensive business dealings in [[Central America]], specifically in El Salvador. Lister explained his travels there to Moore as involving gun running and "helping the [[Contras]], supposedly on behalf of the [U.S.] government. I remember the longest conversations with him, 'I'm protected. You're working for the government. Don't worry about anything. I'm protected, I'm protected.' I don't know if that was true or not, but I do know that we stopped worrying about domestic security jobs and started concentrating on foreign ones."[^1] ### El Salvador Trip diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Chuck Jones.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Chuck Jones.md index 9c7f99f9..e5962e6d 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Chuck Jones.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Chuck Jones.md @@ -7,15 +7,15 @@ tags: - United_States - 1990s - Dark_Alliance_Investigation -summary: DEA agent who served as Danilo Blandón's primary handler from 1993 to 1995 and denied any knowledge of Blandón's Contra drug trafficking history during a contentious meeting with Gary Webb. +summary: DEA agent who served as Danilo Blandón's primary handler from 1993 to 1995 and denied any knowledge of Blandón's Contra drug trafficking history during a contentious meeting with Gary Webb. --- -Chuck Jones was a [[DEA]] agent who served as [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s primary handler from 1993 to 1995 and participated in the October 1995 meeting with [[Gary Webb]] at the DEA's National City regional office.[^1] +Chuck Jones was a [[DEA]] agent who served as [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s primary handler from 1993 to 1995 and participated in the October 1995 meeting with [[Gary Webb]] at the DEA's National City regional office.[^1] ### Denial of Contra Knowledge -During the meeting, Jones firmly denied any knowledge of Blandón's history of selling [[cocaine]] to fund the [[Contras]]. "I can tell you that I have never, ever heard anything about Blandón being involved with that," Jones said. "Not once. His only involvement with the Contras was that his father was a general or something down there." When Webb informed Jones that Blandón had testified under oath before a federal grand jury about selling cocaine for the Contras, Jones's face turned red and his voice rose: "I cannot believe that those two U.S. attorneys up there, if they had him saying that before a grand jury, that they would ever, ever, ever put him on a witness stand!" When Webb pointed out that the government had pulled Blandón from the witness stand at the last minute, Jones blurted: "That's because the judge ordered them to turn over all that unredacted material!" before catching himself and falling silent.[^1] +During the meeting, Jones firmly denied any knowledge of Blandón's history of selling [[Cocaine]] to fund the [[Contras]]. "I can tell you that I have never, ever heard anything about Blandón being involved with that," Jones said. "Not once. His only involvement with the Contras was that his father was a general or something down there." When Webb informed Jones that Blandón had testified under oath before a federal grand jury about selling cocaine for the Contras, Jones's face turned red and his voice rose: "I cannot believe that those two U.S. attorneys up there, if they had him saying that before a grand jury, that they would ever, ever, ever put him on a witness stand!" When Webb pointed out that the government had pulled Blandón from the witness stand at the last minute, Jones blurted: "That's because the judge ordered them to turn over all that unredacted material!" before catching himself and falling silent.[^1] -Jones's outburst confirmed to Webb that the DEA knew all about Blandón's Contra connection and had nixed his testimony because [[Rafael Cornejo]]'s attorney had discovered it and the government had been ordered to turn over the files.[^1] +Jones's outburst confirmed to Webb that the DEA knew all about Blandón's Contra connection and had nixed his testimony because [[Rafael Cornejo]]'s attorney had discovered it and the government had been ordered to turn over the files.[^1] ### Response to Webb's Story @@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ Jones argued passionately against publication, questioning why Webb would print ### Prior Grand Jury Testimony -Jones had previously testified before a federal grand jury in 1995, where Assistant U.S. Attorney L.J. O'Neale asked him whether Blandón was "considered to be probably the largest Nicaraguan cocaine dealer in the United States." Jones replied: "I believe so, sir."[^2] +Jones had previously testified before a federal grand jury in 1995, where Assistant U.S. Attorney L.J. O'Neale asked him whether Blandón was "considered to be probably the largest Nicaraguan cocaine dealer in the United States." Jones replied: "I believe so, sir."[^2] ### Trial Attendance -Jones attended [[Ricky Ross|Ross]]'s 1996 trial in [[San Diego]], sitting with prosecutor [[LJ Oneale]]. During cross-examination of Blandón by defense attorney [[Alan Fenster]], who was using questions secretly supplied by Gary Webb, Jones repeatedly turned and gave Webb what the reporter described as "the evil eye." Jones knew the cross-examination questions were coming from Webb.[^3] +Jones attended [[Ricky Ross|Ross]]'s 1996 trial in [[San Diego]], sitting with prosecutor [[LJ Oneale]]. During cross-examination of Blandón by defense attorney [[Alan Fenster]], who was using questions secretly supplied by Gary Webb, Jones repeatedly turned and gave Webb what the reporter described as "the evil eye." Jones knew the cross-examination questions were coming from Webb.[^3] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Danny Ray Lasater.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Danny Ray Lasater.md index e5938249..f02f9df9 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Danny Ray Lasater.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Danny Ray Lasater.md @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Typically, investigations conducted by federal Organized Crime Drug Enforcement ### Connection to Clinton and Mena -Ex-trooper L. D. Brown said that when he confronted Clinton about the cocaine flights Seal was involved in, Governor Clinton replied, "That's Lasater's deal." Historian [[Roger Morris]] wrote that "whatever the limits or extent of Lasater's cocaine trafficking or the nature of his other dealings, most believed that beyond him the larger corruption in Little Rock and elsewhere pointed unmistakably to organized crime, not to mention the vast crimes of Mena — none of which would be pursued."[^1] +Ex-trooper L. D. Brown said that when he confronted Clinton about the cocaine flights Seal was involved in, Governor Clinton replied, "That's Lasater's deal." Historian [[Roger Morris]] wrote that "whatever the limits or extent of Lasater's cocaine trafficking or the nature of his other dealings, most believed that beyond him the larger corruption in Little Rock and elsewhere pointed unmistakably to organized crime, not to mention the vast crimes of Mena, none of which would be pursued."[^1] Clinton's supporters maintained that Lasater was no drug dealer, simply a high-flying businessman who got a little too caught up in the fast life. Clinton pardoned Lasater in 1990.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/David Hall.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/David Hall.md index 280ff56c..d62dffc0 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/David Hall.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/David Hall.md @@ -3,17 +3,17 @@ category: "Iran-Contra" tags: - person - contra-war -summary: David Hall was an Assistant U.S. Attorney who prosecuted Rafael Cornejo and warned Gary Webb that publishing the Dark Alliance story could endanger Danilo Blandón's life. +summary: David Hall was an Assistant U.S. Attorney who prosecuted Rafael Cornejo and warned Gary Webb that publishing the Dark Alliance story could endanger Danilo Blandón's life. --- -David Hall was an Assistant U.S. Attorney in [[San Francisco]] who prosecuted [[Rafael Cornejo]] and warned [[Gary Webb]] that publishing the Dark Alliance story could endanger [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s life. Hall's role in the prosecution and his subsequent warning to Webb raised questions about the government's interest in protecting Blandón as a continuing asset.[^1] +David Hall was an Assistant U.S. Attorney in [[San Francisco]] who prosecuted [[Rafael Cornejo]] and warned [[Gary Webb]] that publishing the Dark Alliance story could endanger [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s life. Hall's role in the prosecution and his subsequent warning to Webb raised questions about the government's interest in protecting Blandón as a continuing asset.[^1] ### The Cornejo Prosecution -Hall prosecuted Cornejo, a major [[cocaine]] trafficker in the San Francisco Bay Area and a distributor for the Blandón-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] network. During the grand jury proceedings, Hall questioned Blandón about whether his drug proceeds went to the [[Contras|Contra]] war, asking pointedly: "From the government?" Hall's aggressive questioning suggested awareness of the Contra connection, but the prosecution focused on Cornejo rather than the broader network. Federal judge Saundra Brown Armstrong referred Hall to the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] for investigation, though the nature of the referral was not specified.[^2] +Hall prosecuted Cornejo, a major [[Cocaine]] trafficker in the San Francisco Bay Area and a distributor for the Blandón-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] network. During the grand jury proceedings, Hall questioned Blandón about whether his drug proceeds went to the [[Contras|Contra]] war, asking pointedly: "From the government?" Hall's aggressive questioning suggested awareness of the Contra connection, but the prosecution focused on Cornejo rather than the broader network. Federal judge Saundra Brown Armstrong referred Hall to the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] for investigation, though the nature of the referral was not specified.[^2] ### Warning to Webb -In October 1995, Hall called Webb unsolicited and warned that "there is a distinct possibility that real harm, possibly death, would come to Mr. Blandón" if Webb published his story. The warning came from the same prosecutor who had used Blandón as a witness, suggesting the government's concern was less about Blandón's safety than about preventing the exposure of the Contra-cocaine connection.[^3] +In October 1995, Hall called Webb unsolicited and warned that "there is a distinct possibility that real harm, possibly death, would come to Mr. Blandón" if Webb published his story. The warning came from the same prosecutor who had used Blandón as a witness, suggesting the government's concern was less about Blandón's safety than about preventing the exposure of the Contra-cocaine connection.[^3] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/David Morehouse.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/David Morehouse.md index e59af3b0..beb1debf 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/David Morehouse.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/David Morehouse.md @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ David Morehouse was a [[U.S. Army]] Lieutenant Colonel and Ranger-qualified airb ### Remote Viewing Training and Service -Morehouse underwent [[Coordinate Remote Viewing]] (CRV) training and served in the unit during the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Sun Streak]] and STAR GATE phases. He was one of the viewers working with a more formal administrative structure than the unit's early years, when the program was operating under [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] sponsorship through the Cognitive Sciences Laboratory direction of [[Edwin May]]. +Morehouse underwent [[Coordinate Remote Viewing]] (CRV) training and served in the unit during the [[Stargate Project|Sun Streak]] and STAR GATE phases. He was one of the viewers working with a more formal administrative structure than the unit's early years, when the program was operating under [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] sponsorship through the Cognitive Sciences Laboratory direction of [[Edwin May]]. His service in the unit was complicated by personal conduct issues. Fellow viewer [[Lyn Buchanan]] and others in the unit noticed Morehouse operating a construction business on the side while on active duty and observed what they characterized as erratic behavior. A formal military investigation led to a court-martial proceeding. The case attracted some attention because of its connection to the remote viewing program; [[Angela Dellafiora]] served as a witness in the proceeding. Morehouse received a discharge that was later characterized as a general discharge under honorable conditions after plea arrangements.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Donald C. Latham.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Donald C. Latham.md index f8de1255..d182232d 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Donald C. Latham.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Donald C. Latham.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ tags: summary: "Assistant Secretary of Defense who served as chairman of the oversight panel for the Sun Streak program, the renamed Stargate Project." --- -Donald C. Latham was the Assistant Secretary of Defense. He served as the chairman of the oversight panel for the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Sun Streak]] program, the new code name given to the U.S. government's psychic research program on January 31, 1986[^1]. +Donald C. Latham was the Assistant Secretary of Defense. He served as the chairman of the oversight panel for the [[Stargate Project|Sun Streak]] program, the new code name given to the U.S. government's psychic research program on January 31, 1986[^1]. ### Footnotes [^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Donald M. Kerr.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Donald M. Kerr.md index 37fd9a71..d66be5fb 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Donald M. Kerr.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Donald M. Kerr.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Donald M. Kerr, Jr. served in the [[Jimmy Carter|Carter]] administration as acti ### Sun Streak -Donald M. Kerr was the director of [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]] in [[New Mexico]]. He was a member of the new science panel for the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Sun Streak]] program, which was established on January 31, 1986[^2]. +Donald M. Kerr was the director of [[Los Alamos National Laboratory]] in [[New Mexico]]. He was a member of the new science panel for the [[Stargate Project|Sun Streak]] program, which was established on January 31, 1986[^2]. ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Edward Meyer.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Edward Meyer.md index 3ed9258f..2294bebd 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Edward Meyer.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Edward Meyer.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ summary: "U.S. Army Chief of Staff who tacitly supported the Stargate Project du --- -[[Edward Meyer]] (Edward C. "Shy" Meyer) was the [[U.S. Army]] Chief of Staff during the early years of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]]. He tacitly supported the program, along with [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] commander [[William Rolya]] and Secretary of the Army [[Clifford Alexander]]. His support, though not always overt, contributed to the project's ability to continue operating despite its controversial nature and minimal budget.[^1] +[[Edward Meyer]] (Edward C. "Shy" Meyer) was the [[U.S. Army]] Chief of Staff during the early years of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]]. He tacitly supported the program, along with [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] commander [[William Rolya]] and Secretary of the Army [[Clifford Alexander]]. His support, though not always overt, contributed to the project's ability to continue operating despite its controversial nature and minimal budget.[^1] --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Eugene Lessman.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Eugene Lessman.md index de628a03..f2f43d9d 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Eugene Lessman.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Eugene Lessman.md @@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ Following his tours in Vietnam, Gene was posted in Berlin where he ran counter i ### Intelligence Programs and Remote Viewing -Gene became deeply involved in the military's psychic espionage programs. He allegedly recruited [[Luis Elizondo]] to the [[Great Skill Program]] to practice [[Remote Viewing]]. According to Elizondo, Gene claimed that "Great Skills" was also called "Grey Fox," though this appears to reference the different [[GRAY FOX]] program within the [[United States Army Intelligence Support Activity]] (USAISA or ISA) under the [[Joint Special Operations Command]] (JSOC).[^1] +Gene became deeply involved in the military's psychic espionage programs. He allegedly recruited Luis Elizondo to the [[Great Skill Program]] to practice [[Remote Viewing]]. According to Elizondo, Gene claimed that "Great Skills" was also called "Grey Fox," though this appears to reference the different [[GRAY FOX]] program within the [[United States Army Intelligence Support Activity]] (USAISA or ISA) under the [[Joint Special Operations Command]] (JSOC).[^1] -Elizondo further claims that Gene was tasked with recruiting soldiers into the [[STARGATE PROJECT]], the program that was a predecessor to Great Skills and focused on training individuals as "psychic spies."[^1] +Elizondo further claims that Gene was tasked with recruiting soldiers into the [[Stargate Project]], the program that was a predecessor to Great Skills and focused on training individuals as "psychic spies."[^1] ### Work with Angela Dellafiora @@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ In one notable session, Lessman tasked Dellafiora with remotely viewing the [[St ### Recruitment and Training of Luis Elizondo -Lessman recruited Elizondo into the Great Skills program after identifying him as a promising young soldier with special talents. He personally trained Elizondo in [[Remote Viewing]], teaching him how to enter a trance-like state and acquire information about a distant or unseen target using extrasensory perception.[^1] +Lessman recruited Elizondo into the Great Skills program after identifying him as a promising young soldier with special talents. He personally trained Elizondo in Remote Viewing, teaching him how to enter a trance-like state and acquire information about a distant or unseen target using extrasensory perception.[^1] -Lessman believed that Elizondo had a natural gift for [[Remote Viewing]] and encouraged him to develop his abilities. The skills that Elizondo learned from Lessman would prove to be valuable throughout his career as an intelligence officer.[^1] +Lessman believed that Elizondo had a natural gift for Remote Viewing and encouraged him to develop his abilities. The skills that Elizondo learned from Lessman would prove to be valuable throughout his career as an intelligence officer.[^1] ### Blog diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Georg Hodel.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Georg Hodel.md index 12a2c59e..a1e318e7 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Georg Hodel.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Georg Hodel.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Hodel found the massive files of Meneses's 1992 court case in the Nicaraguan Sup ### Confirmation of Contra Drug Links -Hodel confirmed the tip that had started Webb's investigation, verifying that [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] and Norwin Meneses were friends, business partners, and Contra founders whose families were close to the [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]] regime. He checked the information with former Contra commander [[Eden Pastora]], former Contra lawyer [[Carlos Icaza]], and others who knew both men. Hodel also confirmed that Meneses's chief aide, [[Enrique Miranda]], had admitted at trial that Meneses sold [[cocaine]] for the [[Contras]], flying it out of an air base in [[El Salvador]] into a military airfield in [[Texas]].[^1] +Hodel confirmed the tip that had started Webb's investigation, verifying that [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] and Norwin Meneses were friends, business partners, and Contra founders whose families were close to the [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]] regime. He checked the information with former Contra commander [[Eden Pastora]], former Contra lawyer [[Carlos Icaza]], and others who knew both men. Hodel also confirmed that Meneses's chief aide, [[Enrique Miranda]], had admitted at trial that Meneses sold [[Cocaine]] for the [[Contras]], flying it out of an air base in [[El Salvador]] into a military airfield in [[Texas]].[^1] ### Interview with Miranda diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jackie Keith.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jackie Keith.md index ec60ce4a..0ab814f9 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jackie Keith.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jackie Keith.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ died: 1980 --- -[[Jackie Keith]] was an [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] civilian who worked in special operations at Arlington Hall, home to some of the more "James Bond-ish" elements of the U.S. espionage community. He was selected for the original [[STARGATE PROJECT|Gondola Wish]] team. Keith was known for being involved in numerous "cloak-and-dagger schemes."[^1] +[[Jackie Keith]] was an [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] civilian who worked in special operations at Arlington Hall, home to some of the more "James Bond-ish" elements of the U.S. espionage community. He was selected for the original [[Stargate Project|Gondola Wish]] team. Keith was known for being involved in numerous "cloak-and-dagger schemes."[^1] Keith dropped out of the original Gondola Wish team not long after being selected, but he continued to task the remote viewers with targets related to his own operations. He was involved in the [[Jimmy Carter|Carter]] administration's plans for a second hostage rescue mission in Iran, working with the remote viewers to locate the dispersed hostages. In 1980, while in the control room during a remote viewing session, Keith suffered a fatal heart attack. His death was a tragedy for the unit, as he was only in his late thirties, recently married, and his young widow was pregnant with his first child.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jim Morris.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jim Morris.md index 2c5b435a..893c61a5 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jim Morris.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jim Morris.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ summary: "Morris worked with Norm Everheart, who tasked Ken Bell and Mel Riley t --- -[[Jim Morris]] was a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] counterintelligence officer. He sought assistance from the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] psychics for a case involving a [[KGB]] "illegal" (a deep-cover officer) who had been arrested in South Africa. The KGB agent was not cooperating with interrogations, and Morris hoped the remote viewers could provide information on how the agent was decoding his messages.[^1] +[[Jim Morris]] was a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] counterintelligence officer. He sought assistance from the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] psychics for a case involving a [[KGB]] "illegal" (a deep-cover officer) who had been arrested in South Africa. The KGB agent was not cooperating with interrogations, and Morris hoped the remote viewers could provide information on how the agent was decoding his messages.[^1] Morris worked with [[Norm Everheart]], who tasked [[Ken Bell]] and [[Mel Riley]] to remote-view the KGB agent. Bell's "telepathic interrogation" revealed details about the agent's family and a hidden pocket calculator, which was later confirmed to have been used for coding messages. Morris confirmed the accuracy of the remote viewers' descriptions, including the agent's upstairs room, gray clothes, and the presence of two interrogators. This successful operation helped close the case.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jimmy Hughes.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jimmy Hughes.md index 43fff4f9..95930e82 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jimmy Hughes.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Jimmy Hughes.md @@ -10,17 +10,35 @@ summary: "Former security director of the Cabazon tribe's casino and bingo opera location: - "Indio, California" - "Honduras" +relations: + - type: employed_by + with: "[[Cabazon Indian Reservation]]" + end: 1984 + role: "security director, casino and bingo operations" + fn: 1 + - type: member_of + with: "[[Full Gospel Business Men's Fellowship International]]" + start: 1987 + fn: 2 + - type: investigated + with: "[[John Powers]]" + reverse: true + fn: 4 + - type: relative_of + with: "[[Rod Pacheco]]" + role: "distant cousin" + fn: 1 created: 2025-08-05 updated: 2026-09-22 --- -James "Jimmy" Hughes was the security director of the casino and bingo operations of the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation|Cabazon Band of Mission Indians]] for four years, until 1984.[^1] In a statement to investigators reported by the *Los Angeles Times* in 1985, he said that in the summer of 1981 he had been instructed, in the presence of the tribe's financial adviser [[Dr. John Philip Nichols]], to take 25,000 dollars to Idyllwild and give it to a man as partial payment for the killing of [[Fred Alvarez]].[^1] He later described himself as a former Army Ranger who had become a "Mafia hit-man," said he had worked for the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] abroad and been protected by the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] in exchange for information, and alleged that Nichols issued murder contracts and that the tribe's gambling enterprises were fronts for government-sanctioned covert military activity and arms shipments to Central and [[South America]].[^2] +James "Jimmy" Hughes was the security director of the casino and bingo operations of the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation|Cabazon Band of Mission Indians]] for four years, until 1984.[^1] In a statement to investigators reported by the *[[Los Angeles Times]]* in 1985, he said that in the summer of 1981 he had been instructed, in the presence of the tribe's financial adviser [[Dr. John Philip Nichols]], to take 25,000 dollars to Idyllwild and give it to a man as partial payment for the killing of [[Fred Alvarez]].[^1] He later described himself as a former Army Ranger who had become a "Mafia hit-man," said he had worked for the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] abroad and been protected by the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] in exchange for information, and alleged that Nichols issued murder contracts and that the tribe's gambling enterprises were fronts for government-sanctioned covert military activity and arms shipments to Central and [[South America]].[^2] ### The Alvarez Murders -Fred Alfred Alvarez, 32, a Cabazon tribal leader, [[Ralph Boger|Ralph Arthur Boger]], 42, and [[Patricia Castro|Patricia Roberta Castro]], 44, were shot dead at 35040 Bob Hope Drive in Rancho Mirage, [[California]], in 1981.[^3] Alvarez's sister Linda said her brother "was afraid for his life because his mailbox had been shot out and his motorcycle had many unexplained breakdowns and missing parts." Alvarez told Paul Zalis of the *Indio Daily News*, "I'm living in a hovel while all these guys are getting rich off the casino," and told its editor, Jim Lycett, twice, "I just know too much, and they're going to kill me." He was killed before a meeting at which he was to hand evidence to the attorney Stephen Rios.[^1][^4] +Fred Alfred Alvarez, 32, a Cabazon tribal leader, [[Ralph Boger|Ralph Arthur Boger]], 42, and [[Patricia Castro|Patricia Roberta Castro]], 44, were shot dead at 35040 Bob Hope Drive in Rancho Mirage, [[California]], in 1981.[^3] Alvarez's sister Linda said her brother "was afraid for his life because his mailbox had been shot out and his motorcycle had many unexplained breakdowns and missing parts." Alvarez told [[Paul Zalis]] of the *Indio Daily News*, "I'm living in a hovel while all these guys are getting rich off the casino," and told its editor, Jim Lycett, twice, "I just know too much, and they're going to kill me." He was killed before a meeting at which he was to hand evidence to the attorney Stephen Rios.[^1][^4] -The tribe had entered a joint venture with the [[Wackenhut Corporation]]. [[Peter Zokosky]], former president of a nearby munitions plant, said Wackenhut asked him to write a proposal "to build an arsenal and manufacture tank ammunition on tribal land"; a former Wackenhut spokesman, Patrick Cannan, said the venture was formed "to win government security contracts," "fizzled when it failed to get bids," and to his knowledge "did not involve weapons." [[Michael Riconosciuto]] and [[Robert Booth Nichols]] (no relation to John Philip Nichols) alleged in separate filings that it was meant to develop night-vision goggles, machine guns and chemical and biological weapons for the [[Contras]]; Booth Nichols said he withdrew "because Wackenhut didn't provide State Department approval." A 1995 tribal history portrayed Alvarez as "a renegade involved in criminal activity" and denied tribal involvement in his death.[^4] +The tribe had entered a joint venture with the [[Wackenhut Corporation]]. [[Peter Zokosky]], former president of a nearby munitions plant, said Wackenhut asked him to write a proposal "to build an arsenal and manufacture tank ammunition on tribal land"; a former Wackenhut spokesman, Patrick Cannan, said the venture was formed "to win government security contracts," "fizzled when it failed to get bids," and to his knowledge "did not involve weapons." [[Michael Riconosciuto]] and [[Robert Booth Nichols]] (no relation to John Philip Nichols) alleged in separate filings that it was meant to develop night-vision goggles, machine guns and chemical and biological weapons for the [[Contras]]; Booth Nichols said he withdrew "because Wackenhut didn't provide [[State Department]] approval." A 1995 tribal history portrayed Alvarez as "a renegade involved in criminal activity" and denied tribal involvement in his death.[^4] ### Arrest and Dismissal diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Joe McMoneagle.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Joe McMoneagle.md index e6c0bb61..1d9b4e6c 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Joe McMoneagle.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Joe McMoneagle.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ born: 1946-01-10 location: "Miami, Florida" --- -Joseph McMoneagle (born January 10, 1946) was a U.S. Army Chief Warrant Officer and one of the original six remote viewers recruited into the [[STARGATE PROJECT]] when the Army established the program at [[Fort Meade]], Maryland, in 1977. Known within the program as "Viewer 518," he is widely considered the most operationally successful remote viewer in the program's history, with credited sessions including a substantially confirmed description of a Soviet Typhoon-class submarine under construction and the location of a Soviet surveillance device in a U.S. consulate. He received the Legion of Merit at his Army retirement in 1984, partly for his contributions to remote viewing operations, and continued as a civilian consultant to the program until its declassification in 1995. +Joseph McMoneagle (born January 10, 1946) was a U.S. Army Chief Warrant Officer and one of the original six remote viewers recruited into the [[Stargate Project]] when the Army established the program at [[Fort Meade]], Maryland, in 1977. Known within the program as "Viewer 518," he is widely considered the most operationally successful remote viewer in the program's history, with credited sessions including a substantially confirmed description of a Soviet Typhoon-class submarine under construction and the location of a Soviet surveillance device in a U.S. consulate. He received the Legion of Merit at his Army retirement in 1984, partly for his contributions to remote viewing operations, and continued as a civilian consultant to the program until its declassification in 1995. ### Early Life and Military Career diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/John Kerry.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/John Kerry.md index 578ff78b..de943938 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/John Kerry.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/John Kerry.md @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Kerry received money from [[Clark Clifford]] and [[Robert Altman]], members of t ### Contra Drug Trafficking Investigation -In 1987 and 1988, Kerry's subcommittee investigated links between the [[Contras]] and [[cocaine]] trafficking, with chief investigator [[Jack Blum]] uncovering direct connections.[^7] The committee took videotaped depositions from Contra leaders who acknowledged receiving drug profits with the apparent knowledge of the CIA. Drug dealers admitted under oath to giving money to the Contras and passed polygraph tests. Pilots admitted flying weapons south and cocaine and marijuana north.[^7] +In 1987 and 1988, Kerry's subcommittee investigated links between the [[Contras]] and [[Cocaine]] trafficking, with chief investigator Jack Blum uncovering direct connections.[^7] The committee took videotaped depositions from Contra leaders who acknowledged receiving drug profits with the apparent knowledge of the CIA. Drug dealers admitted under oath to giving money to the Contras and passed polygraph tests. Pilots admitted flying weapons south and cocaine and marijuana north.[^7] [[Norwin Meneses]] was an early target of the investigation, but the Justice Department stonewalled the committee's requests for information. Blum told Webb that he eventually gave up trying to obtain the records.[^7] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/John Kramar.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/John Kramar.md index 6e0b84e3..739b20bc 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/John Kramar.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/John Kramar.md @@ -10,6 +10,17 @@ summary: "Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity engineer who was its Grill Fla born: 1935-10-30 died: 2026-01-19 location: "Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland" +relations: + - type: employed_by + with: "[[Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity]]" + role: "Grill Flame project officer; chief, Ground Warfare Division" + fn: 1 + - type: participant_in + with: "[[Stargate Project]]" + start: 1978 + end: 1980 + role: "AMSAA Grill Flame project officer" + fn: 4 created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- @@ -18,9 +29,9 @@ John Winston Kramar was born in [[Chicago]] and moved with his parents to Edgewo ### Grill Flame -Kramar and Colonel Albert De Prospero of AMSAA were named as discussants, with [[Dale Graff]] of the Foreign Technology Division, in the "Sensory Technology Assessment" of November 14, 1978.[^2] AMSAA's interim note of July 1979 on its [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] phase I efforts listed "Mr. John Kramar" among its participants, with [[Evan Harris Walker]] and [[Lewis Walt]].[^3] +Kramar and Colonel Albert De Prospero of AMSAA were named as discussants, with [[Dale Graff]] of the Foreign Technology Division, in the "Sensory Technology Assessment" of November 14, 1978.[^2] AMSAA's interim note of July 1979 on its [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] phase I efforts listed "Mr. John Kramar" among its participants, with [[Evan Harris Walker]] and [[Lewis Walt]].[^3] -As AMSAA's Grill Flame project officer, Kramar wrote for the record on February 13, 1980, that the report of the [[Grill Flame Scientific Evaluation Committee]], "transmitted to AMSAA January 1980, was found to be somewhat ambiguous and confusing," and took "exception" to its recommendation to "Terminate all AMSAA GRILL FLAME efforts": "This recommendation, as best as can be determined, is based only on a partial understanding of AMSAA's initial effort, which was terminated before the SEC came into being. There is an apparent mistake by the SEC in considering the AMSAA challenge/validation efforts to be an integral part of the SRI contract." He copied [[Manfred Gale]] and DARCOM.[^4] +As AMSAA's Grill Flame project officer, Kramar wrote for the record on February 13, 1980, that the report of the [[Grill Flame Scientific Evaluation Committee]], "transmitted to AMSAA January 1980, was found to be somewhat ambiguous and confusing," and took "exception" to its recommendation to "Terminate all AMSAA GRILL FLAME efforts": "This recommendation, as best as can be determined, is based only on a partial understanding of AMSAA's initial effort, which was terminated before the SEC came into being. There is an apparent mistake by the SEC in considering the AMSAA challenge/validation efforts to be an integral part of the [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] contract." He copied [[Manfred Gale]] and DARCOM.[^4] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/John McMahon.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/John McMahon.md index 9938d539..7464b86c 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/John McMahon.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/John McMahon.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ location: "East Norwalk, Connecticut" [[John McMahon]] was the Deputy Director for Operations at the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]. He also served as the head of the [[Office of Technical Service|Office of Technical Service]] (OTS), indicating his significant role in technical and covert operations, including those involving psychic intelligence.[^1] -McMahon, along with [[Norm Everheart]], had been involved in psychic spying experiments since the early days of the CIA-sponsored work at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]]. They were willing to give remote viewing a try in operational situations. McMahon was the superior of [[Norm Everheart]], who served as the chief coordinator for [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] taskings from the CIA's Operations Directorate.[^1] +McMahon, along with [[Norm Everheart]], had been involved in psychic spying experiments since the early days of the CIA-sponsored work at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]]. They were willing to give remote viewing a try in operational situations. McMahon was the superior of Norm Everheart, who served as the chief coordinator for [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] taskings from the CIA's Operations Directorate.[^1] --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Keith Harary.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Keith Harary.md index 0cf0fa43..f7d59b41 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Keith Harary.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Keith Harary.md @@ -8,6 +8,11 @@ tags: - DelphiAssociates summary: "Partner of Russell Targ in Delphi Associates, the remote-viewing silver-futures venture, who later disputed Targ's account of its trials." location: "San Francisco, California" +relations: + - type: partner_of + with: "[[Russell Targ]]" + role: "Delphi Associates" + fn: 1 created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Kenneth A. Kress.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Kenneth A. Kress.md index a35170ba..ab184164 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Kenneth A. Kress.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Kenneth A. Kress.md @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Kress flew to SRI to brief Hal Puthoff and [[Russell Targ]] on URDF-3 and to get Despite the accuracy of some of Price's information, Kress noted that Price also produced bad data. He also became concerned about the possibility of a [[KGB]] disinformation campaign, suggesting that Price could have been supplied data for disinformation purposes. This led Kress to question his own objectivity, as he observed that individuals who supported pro-paranormal data often had "conversion" experiences[^1]. -Kress played a crucial role in the early stages of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, particularly as a handler for Pat Price. He was involved in presenting Price with targets and evaluating his remote viewing data. Kress, along with [[Peter Maris]], was the Central Intelligence Agency official who tasked Price with remote viewing the secret Soviet military research facility at Semipalatinsk (URDF-3), a session that yielded remarkably accurate details later confirmed by satellite photography. Kress and Maris initially didn't know what to make of Price's descriptions of a large crane and metal spheres, but later confirmed them with satellite photos, which became a key piece of evidence for the program's effectiveness[^1]. +Kress played a crucial role in the early stages of the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program, particularly as a handler for Pat Price. He was involved in presenting Price with targets and evaluating his remote viewing data. Kress, along with [[Peter Maris]], was the Central Intelligence Agency official who tasked Price with remote viewing the secret Soviet military research facility at Semipalatinsk (URDF-3), a session that yielded remarkably accurate details later confirmed by satellite photography. Kress and Maris initially didn't know what to make of Price's descriptions of a large crane and metal spheres, but later confirmed them with satellite photos, which became a key piece of evidence for the program's effectiveness[^1]. He also worked closely with [[Norm Everheart]], encouraging him to explore how remote viewing could assist Staff D operations. Kress was present during Price's three tests for Staff D, witnessing Price's accurate remote viewing of the Chinese Embassy in Africa and the Chinese consular building in Rome. He also served as a liaison for [[Uri Geller]]'s visits to SRI, and was the recipient of information from Hal Puthoff regarding Geller's activities and potential security concerns[^1]. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Letitia Long.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Letitia Long.md index d6dc0880..3738711e 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Letitia Long.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Letitia Long.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- -Letitia A. Long entered civilian federal service with the [[United States Navy|Navy]] in 1978 as a project engineer in training at the David Taylor Research Center, took her electrical engineering degree at [[Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University|Virginia Tech]] in 1982, worked six years "on various submarine acoustic sensor programs," and joined the staff of the Director of Naval Intelligence in 1988 to manage its research and development programs. Selected into the Senior Intelligence Executive Service in July 1994, she was "on rotational assignment from ONI to the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]]" from 1994 to 1996 as director of the Military Intelligence Staff, in which capacity she signed, as "Director, DMI Staff," DIA's response of March 1995 to the Senate's directed action on [[STARGATE PROJECT|Star Gate]], transmitting its retrospective review, technical analysis and declassification status to the CIA ([[1995 transfer of Star Gate to the CIA]]). She joined DIA in 1996 as deputy director for information systems and services and its first chief information officer; was the Director of Central Intelligence's Executive Director for Intelligence Community Affairs from January 1998 to June 2000, Deputy Director of Naval Intelligence from 2000 to 2003, Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence (Policy, Requirements and Resources) from 2003 to 2006, Deputy Director of DIA from May 2006 to July 2010, and fifth director of the [[National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]] from August 9, 2010, to 2014.[^1][^2] +Letitia A. Long entered civilian federal service with the [[United States Navy|Navy]] in 1978 as a project engineer in training at the David Taylor Research Center, took her electrical engineering degree at [[Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University|Virginia Tech]] in 1982, worked six years "on various submarine acoustic sensor programs," and joined the staff of the Director of Naval Intelligence in 1988 to manage its research and development programs. Selected into the Senior Intelligence Executive Service in July 1994, she was "on rotational assignment from ONI to the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]]" from 1994 to 1996 as director of the Military Intelligence Staff, in which capacity she signed, as "Director, DMI Staff," DIA's response of March 1995 to the Senate's directed action on [[Stargate Project|Star Gate]], transmitting its retrospective review, technical analysis and declassification status to the CIA ([[1995 transfer of Star Gate to the CIA]]). She joined DIA in 1996 as deputy director for information systems and services and its first chief information officer; was the Director of Central Intelligence's Executive Director for Intelligence Community Affairs from January 1998 to June 2000, Deputy Director of Naval Intelligence from 2000 to 2003, Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence (Policy, Requirements and Resources) from 2003 to 2006, Deputy Director of DIA from May 2006 to July 2010, and fifth director of the [[National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]] from August 9, 2010, to 2014.[^1][^2] ### Boards diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Norwin Meneses.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Norwin Meneses.md index 6f81280a..4f8e469e 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Norwin Meneses.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Norwin Meneses.md @@ -4,8 +4,19 @@ aliases: - Norwin Meneses - Norwin Meneses Cantarero - El Rey de la Droga +relations: + - type: informant_for + with: "[[DEA]]" + start: 1986-07 + end: 1990-08-16 + role: "source of information from July 1986; registered informant 1987-1989 and May-August 1990" + fn: 13 + - type: funded + with: "[[Contras]]" + role: "recruiter, arms supplier and benefactor" + fn: 2 created: 2026-05-17 -updated: 2026-05-17 +updated: 2026-09-22 category: "Key Figures" tags: - Person @@ -20,7 +31,7 @@ summary: "Norwin Meneses Cantarero, known as 'El Rey de la Droga,' was Nicaragua born: 1943-06-21 location: "Nicaragua" --- -Norwin Meneses Cantarero, known as "El Rey de la Droga" (The King of Drugs) and "El Perico," was the leader of the Meneses drug organization and is believed to have been the [[Cali Drug Cartel|Cali cartel]]'s representative in [[Nicaragua]]. A drug trafficker since the early 1970s, Meneses lived in the [[United States]] from 1979 to 1985 and worked for the [[Contras]] as a recruiter, arms supplier, and benefactor throughout the entire Contra war.[^2] He simultaneously worked as a [[DEA]] informant from 1985 to 1991.[^2] +Norwin Meneses Cantarero, known as "El Rey de la Droga" (The King of Drugs) and "El Perico," was the leader of the Meneses drug organization and is believed to have been the [[Cali Drug Cartel|Cali cartel]]'s representative in [[Nicaragua]]. A drug trafficker since the early 1970s, Meneses lived in the [[United States]] from 1979 until he left for Costa Rica after his nephew's arrest in November 1984,[^13] and worked for the [[Contras]] as a recruiter, arms supplier, and benefactor throughout the entire Contra war.[^2] The [[DEA]] office in Costa Rica used him as a source of information from July 1986 and registered him as an informant from July 24, 1987, to December 23, 1989, and again from May 10 to August 16, 1990.[^13] ### Background and Family @@ -28,7 +39,7 @@ Meneses had close connections to the Cuban anti-Communist movement and to the pr ### Early Criminal Career -Meneses had been selling [[cocaine]] since before there were any cartels. His association with [[Colombia|Colombian]] drug lords began during the marijuana era of the early 1970s. According to [[Roger Mayorga]], a former [[Sandinistas|Sandinista]] intelligence officer who headed investigations for the Nicaraguan National Police narcotics unit, Meneses's first big deal occurred after an airplane full of marijuana made an emergency landing at a ranch owned by one of the Somozas. Colonel Edmundo Meneses, who commanded the Managua police, released the Colombian pilots and airplane but kept the marijuana, which was turned over to Norwin. +Meneses had been selling [[Cocaine]] since before there were any cartels. His association with [[Colombia|Colombian]] drug lords began during the marijuana era of the early 1970s. According to [[Roger Mayorga]], a former [[Sandinistas|Sandinista]] intelligence officer who headed investigations for the Nicaraguan National Police narcotics unit, Meneses's first big deal occurred after an airplane full of marijuana made an emergency landing at a ranch owned by one of the Somozas. Colonel Edmundo Meneses, who commanded the Managua police, released the Colombian pilots and airplane but kept the marijuana, which was turned over to Norwin. Under Edmundo's protection, Managua became an open city for Norwin. By the late 1970s he owned discotheques (the Frisco Disco and the VIP Club), drive-in brothels with waterbeds and porno tapes, and a thriving drug business. A "highly reliable" [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] informant reported that Meneses used his influence within the [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]] regime to smuggle cocaine from Colombia to the U.S. and "had even used a Nicaraguan Air Force plane once for such a shipment." [[Rafael Cornejo]] described prerevolution visits to Managua where "you'd walk down the street with Mundo, and everyone would salute you." @@ -42,7 +53,7 @@ Norwin was arrested but cleared after a "rigorous and exhaustive" investigation ### Entry into the United States -In 1979, the FBI office in [[Mexico City]] asked that Meneses be included in the Bureau's "top thief" program and requested an arrest warrant to prevent him from entering the United States. The U.S. Attorney's office in San Francisco, citing Meneses's "political connections" in Nicaragua, refused. Despite an extensive criminal record dating to the 1960s (statutory rape, shoplifting, misuse of slot machines in San Francisco in the early 1960s; suspected murder of a money changer in 1968), Meneses entered the United States freely in early 1980, applied for political asylum, and began buying property - a used car lot, commercial buildings, a travel agency, a restaurant, and two houses in [[Pacifica, California|Pacifica]]. He drove a gray Jaguar sedan registered in his own name.[^3] +In 1979, the FBI office in [[Mexico City]] asked that Meneses be included in the Bureau's "top thief" program and requested an arrest warrant to prevent him from entering the United States. The [[U.S. Attorney's office]] in San Francisco, citing Meneses's "political connections" in Nicaragua, refused. Despite an extensive criminal record dating to the 1960s (statutory rape, shoplifting, misuse of slot machines in San Francisco in the early 1960s; suspected murder of a money changer in 1968), Meneses entered the United States freely in early 1980, applied for political asylum, and began buying property - a used car lot, commercial buildings, a travel agency, a restaurant, and two houses in [[Pacifica, California|Pacifica]]. He drove a gray Jaguar sedan registered in his own name.[^3] Meneses told the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] he met with CIA agents shortly after the Sandinista takeover to teach them how to cross Nicaragua's borders undetected.[^3] @@ -78,13 +89,13 @@ Meneses expanded beyond drug trafficking into weapons dealing through his partne An FBI informant told Justice Department inspectors that Meneses had spoken of obtaining night vision scopes from Lister in 1982, which the drug lord planned to sell to the Salvadoran government. Meneses intended to "use the proceeds from the night scopes to aid the Contras," the informant reported, but the deal fell through.[^5] -Meneses's involvement in Contra gun running was confirmed in 1996 by the New York Times, which quoted an unnamed Clinton administration official as saying that Meneses had "contacts with the Contras in Honduras in 1982 or 1983 and 1984, and that he was believed then to have had some involvement in arms smuggling as well as money laundering and drugs."[^5] +Meneses's involvement in Contra gun running was confirmed in 1996 by the [[New York Times]], which quoted an unnamed Clinton administration official as saying that Meneses had "contacts with the Contras in Honduras in 1982 or 1983 and 1984, and that he was believed then to have had some involvement in arms smuggling as well as money laundering and drugs."[^5] ### Counterfeiting A former associate of Blandón, a Puerto Rican man convicted of counterfeiting U.S. currency, believed that Blandón and Meneses's silk-screen company JDM Artwork Inc. also printed fake twenty-dollar bills that provided operating cash for the FDN. The associate produced Polaroid photographs showing him at work in an office with FDN banners and slogans on the wall, and a picture of Blandón in the same office with a blue-and-white FDN flag visible. According to CIA cables filed in federal court, the CIA had information by 1984 that Norwin Meneses was involved in counterfeiting - both American dollars and Costa Rican colones. In a 1986 interview, Meneses said he allowed FDN members to use his wife's Los Angeles T-shirt factory as a meeting place.[^5] -Meneses was introduced to Danilo Blandón through Donald Barrios, a wealthy former insurance broker from Managua living in [[Miami]] who was a relative of former Nicaraguan president Violeta Barrios de Chamorro. Meneses proposed that Blandón sell cocaine in Los Angeles to raise money for the Contras. After a trip to Honduras for a meeting with Bermúdez, where the Contra commander told them "the ends justify the means," Blandón agreed. Meneses gave Blandón a two-day seminar on drug dealing, showing him how to assess quality, transport cocaine in pickup truck door panels, and avoid common mistakes. Meneses provided Blandón with two kilos of cocaine (worth about $60,000 each) and customer contacts in Los Angeles. +Meneses was introduced to Danilo Blandón through [[Donald Barrios]], a wealthy former insurance broker from Managua living in [[Miami]] who was a relative of former Nicaraguan president Violeta Barrios de Chamorro. Meneses proposed that Blandón sell cocaine in Los Angeles to raise money for the Contras. After a trip to Honduras for a meeting with Bermúdez, where the Contra commander told them "the ends justify the means," Blandón agreed. Meneses gave Blandón a two-day seminar on drug dealing, showing him how to assess quality, transport cocaine in pickup truck door panels, and avoid common mistakes. Meneses provided Blandón with two kilos of cocaine (worth about $60,000 each) and customer contacts in Los Angeles. According to Blandón, the Meneses organization moved 900 kilos of cocaine, almost a ton, into the United States in 1981, about $54 million worth at wholesale prices. @@ -98,7 +109,7 @@ Former Meneses aide Renato Peña told the Justice Department in 1997 that Menese ### Investigation and Arrest -The potential exposure of Meneses in the spring of 1985 came at a devastating time for the Contras. Had he been indicted on federal cocaine trafficking charges - after all his meetings with FDN directors Adolfo Calero, Enrique Bermúdez, Edgar Chamorro, and Frank Arana - the resultant scandal would likely have wiped out what little congressional support remained. Meneses was in a position to expose the [[FDN]]'s long involvement with drug merchants and lead investigators to Danilo Blandón's operation in South Central Los Angeles. A 1998 CIA Inspector General's report confirmed that as early as 1984, the agency had information tying Meneses to a drug and arms network in Costa Rica in partnership with top Contra official [[Sebastian Gonzalez|Sebastian "Guachan" Gonzalez]]. Former assistant U.S. attorney [[Eric Swenson]] confirmed that the Justice Department knew about Meneses's Contra activities because he had personally reported them.[^6] +The potential exposure of Meneses in the spring of 1985 came at a devastating time for the Contras. Had he been indicted on federal cocaine trafficking charges - after all his meetings with FDN directors Adolfo Calero, Enrique Bermúdez, Edgar Chamorro, and Frank Arana - the resultant scandal would likely have wiped out what little congressional support remained. Meneses was in a position to expose the [[FDN]]'s long involvement with drug merchants and lead investigators to Danilo Blandón's operation in [[South Central Los Angeles]]. The CIA Inspector General's report of 1998 recorded a June 1986 cable stating that in August or September 1984 "Costa Rican drug trafficker Norvin [sic] Meneses sought the cooperation of 'El Negro' [Fernando Chamorro] to move drugs" to the United States, and found no record that the CIA followed it up; a separate cable of September 1984 alleged that the [[ARDE]] commander [[Sebastian Gonzalez|Sebastián "Wachan" González]] ran cocaine from Panama to Costa Rica.[^14] Former assistant U.S. attorney [[Eric Swenson]] confirmed that the Justice Department knew about Meneses's Contra activities because he had personally reported them.[^6] Despite one of Meneses's top lieutenants having pleaded guilty to cocaine charges and publicly implicated him, the drug lord was not prosecuted in the spring of 1985. Allowing Meneses to take the witness stand was out of the question - he knew too much. The cozy relationship between the CIA and San Francisco's U.S. attorney [[Joseph Russoniello]] coincided with the decision not to charge Meneses.[^6] @@ -110,11 +121,11 @@ At Tipitapa Prison, Meneses was shown a 1992 FBI report in which the [[Torres Br After the arrests of his nephew Jairo and Renato Peña in late 1984, Meneses wound up his affairs in San Francisco, selling his gray Jaguar, used car lot, and Mission District office building, and moved to his beachfront ranch in Costa Rica. Meneses owned several houses and large ranches in northern Costa Rica near the war zone. The L.A. Times reported that "beginning in November 1982 Meneses was spending much of his time in Costa Rica and commuting back to San Francisco." An informant told the DEA that "Norwin receives political protection from Jose Marti Figueres, the son of former Costa Rican President Jose 'Pepe' Figueres."[^7] -Meneses was arrested and jailed in Nicaragua in 1991 and sentenced to twelve years in prison. At Tipitapa Prison, the old Guardia prison where FDN founder Ricardo Lau once held court as warden and chief torturer, Meneses strolled freely through the grounds and the guards murmured "Señor" when he passed. His cell door was closed only when he wanted it that way. [[Georg Hodel]] and Gary Webb interviewed Meneses there in January 1996.[^1] +Meneses was arrested in Nicaragua on November 3, 1991, sentenced in August 1992 to 300 months, a term later reduced to twelve years, and released on November 14, 1997.[^13] At Tipitapa Prison, the old Guardia prison where FDN founder [[Ricardo Lau]] once held court as warden and chief torturer, Meneses strolled freely through the grounds and the guards murmured "Señor" when he passed. His cell door was closed only when he wanted it that way. [[Georg Hodel]] and Gary Webb interviewed Meneses there in January 1996.[^1] ### Secret 1989 Indictment -About two weeks after former CIA director George Bush was sworn in as president, the U.S. Attorney's Office in San Francisco brought a secret indictment against Meneses, charging him with conspiracy to import cocaine between 1984 and 1985 and possession of one kilo in 1985. Both the warrant and indictment were locked away in courthouse vaults and sealed from public view for nine years. Meneses called the indictment "a phony," suggesting it was filed to protect the U.S. government in case its relationship with him was ever revealed. Prosecutor Eric Swenson said the case was filed because it was approaching the statute of limitations.[^11] +About two weeks after former CIA director George Bush was sworn in as president, the U.S. Attorney's Office in San Francisco brought a secret indictment against Meneses, charging him with conspiracy to import cocaine between 1984 and 1985 and possession of one kilo in 1985. Both the warrant and indictment were locked away in courthouse vaults and sealed from public view for nine years. Meneses called the indictment "a phony," suggesting it was filed to protect the [[U.S. government]] in case its relationship with him was ever revealed. Prosecutor Eric Swenson said the case was filed because it was approaching the statute of limitations.[^11] ### Nicaragua Return and Drug Network @@ -122,13 +133,13 @@ In 1990, after the Sandinistas were voted out, Meneses moved back into his mansi ### Arrest and Trial in Nicaragua -In November 1991, Nicaraguan police under Commander Rene Vivas and criminal investigations chief Roger Mayorga raided Meneses's drug ring, seizing 725 kilos of cocaine, the largest seizure in Nicaraguan history. Meneses was relaxed when Vivas interrogated him. "He said he wasn't worried about me because he had the backing of a higher power, a superpower," Vivas recalled. "He said he was working for the United States to get Sandinista officials on drug charges." DEA agent Federico Villarreal had been secretly meeting with Meneses in Managua. At trial, Miranda testified about drug flights from El Salvador and meetings with CIA pilot Marcos Aguado and FDN commander Enrique Bermúdez. Meneses was convicted and sentenced to thirty years. He was released in 1997 after serving only six years. Three weeks after the verdicts, the U.S. State Department pressured the Chamorro government to fire Vivas; Mayorga was fired soon after.[^11] +In November 1991, Nicaraguan police under Commander Rene Vivas and criminal investigations chief Roger Mayorga raided Meneses's drug ring, seizing 725 kilos of cocaine, the largest seizure in Nicaraguan history. Meneses was relaxed when Vivas interrogated him. "He said he wasn't worried about me because he had the backing of a higher power, a superpower," Vivas recalled. "He said he was working for the United States to get Sandinista officials on drug charges." DEA agent Federico Villarreal had been secretly meeting with Meneses in Managua. At trial, Miranda testified about drug flights from El Salvador and meetings with CIA pilot Marcos Aguado and FDN commander Enrique Bermúdez. Meneses was convicted on August 16, 1992, and sentenced to 300 months; the term was later reduced to twelve years, and he was released on November 14, 1997, six years after his arrest.[^13] In April 1997 he told the Justice Department's investigators in prison that he had "never been a drug dealer" and had been "set up" by the Sandinistas.[^13] Three weeks after the verdicts, the U.S. [[State Department]] pressured the Chamorro government to fire Vivas; Mayorga was fired soon after.[^11] ### DEA Informant in Costa Rica -According to the official account, Meneses walked into the U.S. Embassy in San Jose, Costa Rica, in July 1986 and announced he wanted to help the Reagan Administration's war on drugs. DEA agent [[Sandalio Gonzalez]] recorded the official reasons: Meneses's desire to clear up an IRS problem, terminate his involvement in drug trafficking, and help the U.S. fight drugs. But there are reasons to doubt this account. Meneses said he had helped the DEA gather intelligence on the February 1985 torture-murder of DEA agent [[Kiki Camarena|Enrique "Kiki" Camarena]] in Mexico, and had met with DEA attaché Robert J. Nieves in late 1985 concerning the case - months before the official date he supposedly walked into the embassy.[^7] +According to the official account, Meneses walked into the U.S. Embassy in [[San Jose]], Costa Rica, in July 1986 and announced he wanted to help the Reagan Administration's war on drugs. DEA agent [[Sandalio Gonzalez]] recorded the official reasons: Meneses's desire to clear up an IRS problem, terminate his involvement in drug trafficking, and help the U.S. fight drugs. But there are reasons to doubt this account. Meneses said he had helped the DEA gather intelligence on the February 1985 torture-murder of DEA agent [[Kiki Camarena|Enrique "Kiki" Camarena]] in Mexico, and had met with DEA attaché Robert J. Nieves in late 1985 concerning the case - months before the official date he supposedly walked into the embassy.[^7] -The DEA made no official record that Meneses was an informant for at least a year. His name did not appear in the DEA's database until 1987. Gonzalez explained that Meneses "initially refused to sign DEA's informant registration," an unusual arrangement Gonzalez allowed "because of Meneses' background and potential to make cases." The result was that "other DEA offices could not get information on Meneses' use by the DEA through this database." The Justice Department's Inspector General found the accusations Meneses made against other traffickers were "vague and sometimes wildly misleading," including the claim that Blandón "was a Sandinista sympathizer."[^7] +The DEA made no official record that Meneses was an informant for at least a year. His name did not appear in the DEA's database until 1987. Gonzalez explained that Meneses "initially refused to sign DEA's informant registration," an unusual arrangement Gonzalez allowed "because of Meneses' background and potential to make cases." The result was that "other DEA offices could not get information on Meneses' use by the DEA through this database." The Justice Department's Inspector General found the accusations Meneses made against other traffickers were "vague and sometimes wildly misleading," including the claim that Blandón "was a Sandinista sympathizer."[^7] Meneses named about twenty-one major traffickers to Gonzalez, among them Blandón, "whom Meneses described as a Sandinista sympathizer who distributed hundred kilogram quantities of cocaine in the Los Angeles area." Because Meneses was not in the DEA database, the San Francisco office, which was building a case of its own, did not know of the arrangement; on January 29, 1987, it cabled headquarters that the FBI in San Francisco had "an indictable case against the CI" and asked whether an indictment "will result in national security problems with other agencies." The inspector general noted that the San Francisco FBI had source information that Meneses may have worked for the CIA and that the Iran-Contra independent counsel's inquiry was just beginning. In February 1987 the U.S. Attorney's office and the FBI in San Francisco agreed to defer prosecution of Meneses pending the Los Angeles investigation of Blandón's organization.[^13] ### 1986 Media Expose @@ -190,3 +201,5 @@ The DEA's public affairs office in Washington later attempted to arrange an inte [^10]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 20: "It is a sensitive matter" [^11]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 23: "He had the backing of a superpower" [^12]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 25: "Things are moving all around us" +[^13]: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of the Inspector General. *The CIA-Contra-Crack Cocaine Controversy: A Review of the Justice Department's Investigations and Prosecutions.* December 1997, chapters II and III and appendix E. https://oig.justice.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/special/9712/ +[^14]: Central Intelligence Agency, Office of Inspector General. *Allegations of Connections Between CIA and the Contras in Cocaine Trafficking to the United States,* Volume II: *The Contra Story,* October 8, 1998, section on the southern front. https://irp.fas.org/cia/product/cocaine2/ diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ray Hyman.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ray Hyman.md index 462b91df..c7e1aadd 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ray Hyman.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ray Hyman.md @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ A memorandum from the Under Secretary of the Army's office to Gale of July 17, 1 ### The 1995 Evaluation -In 1995 the [[American Institutes for Research]], under contract to the CIA, engaged Hyman and the statistician [[Jessica Utts]] to review the research of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Star Gate program]] ([[1995 AIR evaluation of Star Gate]]). His report of September 11, 1995, took the ten [[Science Applications International Corporation|SAIC]] experiments as "the only ones for which we have adequate documentation," agreed with Utts that they "were free of the methodological weaknesses that plagued the early SRI research" and that "the effect sizes reported in the SAIC experiments are too large and consistent to be dismissed as statistical flukes," and then answered no to three questions: whether the effects established anomalous cognition, whether "the possibility of methodological flaws" had been "completely eliminated," and whether the results were consistent with other laboratories. "Ten experiments, especially from one laboratory," he wrote, "is far too few to establish reliable relationships in almost any area of inquiry." He compared the field's negatively defined anomaly with the discovery of Neptune from the perturbations of Uranus, and told anyone relying on operational hits to read [[David Marks]] and [[Richard Kammann]] on subjective validation. Of operations he recorded [[Edwin May]]'s estimate that "approximately 20 percent of the information supplied by a viewer is accurate": "If May is correct, then 80% of all the information supplied by this talented viewer will be erroneous."[^2] +In 1995 the [[American Institutes for Research]], under contract to the CIA, engaged Hyman and the statistician [[Jessica Utts]] to review the research of the [[Stargate Project|Star Gate program]] ([[1995 AIR evaluation of Star Gate]]). His report of September 11, 1995, took the ten [[Science Applications International Corporation|SAIC]] experiments as "the only ones for which we have adequate documentation," agreed with Utts that they "were free of the methodological weaknesses that plagued the early SRI research" and that "the effect sizes reported in the SAIC experiments are too large and consistent to be dismissed as statistical flukes," and then answered no to three questions: whether the effects established anomalous cognition, whether "the possibility of methodological flaws" had been "completely eliminated," and whether the results were consistent with other laboratories. "Ten experiments, especially from one laboratory," he wrote, "is far too few to establish reliable relationships in almost any area of inquiry." He compared the field's negatively defined anomaly with the discovery of Neptune from the perturbations of Uranus, and told anyone relying on operational hits to read [[David Marks]] and [[Richard Kammann]] on subjective validation. Of operations he recorded [[Edwin May]]'s estimate that "approximately 20 percent of the information supplied by a viewer is accurate": "If May is correct, then 80% of all the information supplied by this talented viewer will be erroneous."[^2] Writing in the *[[Skeptical Inquirer]]* in 1996, he said the CIA "abandoned this program in the late 1970s because it showed no promise," that under the DIA it "consisted of three components," one tracking foreign work, an operations program of "six, and later three, psychics on the government payroll," and the laboratory research at SRI and SAIC; that "because of some controversies within the program, a Senate committee decided to transfer the program from the DIA back to the CIA"; that "May helped identify the ten best studies for Utts and me to evaluate"; and that the panel "all agreed that any scientifically meaningful evaluation of these operational psychic intelligence uses was impossible." He ended: "It is premature to draw any conclusions. We will simply have to wait and see. If history is a guide, then this will be a long wait, indeed."[^3] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Regina Louf.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Regina Louf.md index ef52e3cf..c74a3cfa 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Regina Louf.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Regina Louf.md @@ -1,35 +1,42 @@ --- aliases: -- X1 + - X1 category: "Key Figures" tags: - Person - Belgium - Dutroux -summary: "Regina Louf, born in Ghent, Belgium, testified as witness Regina Louf in the Marc Dutroux investigation, providing accounts of child prostitution from the 1970s onward." + - Witness +summary: "Ghent woman who, as the anonymous witness X1 in the Dutroux inquiry, described childhood prostitution and murders at elite parties; prosecutors closed the related files in April 1998." born: 1969 location: "Ghent, Belgium" +relations: + - type: subject_of + with: "[[X-Dossier]]" + start: 1996 + end: 1998-04-23 + role: "witness X1" + fn: 1 +created: 2026-04-28 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -Regina Louf, born in Ghent, Belgium, testified as witness [[Regina Louf]] in the [[Marc Dutroux]] investigation, providing accounts of child prostitution from the 1970s onward. Raised by her grandmother [[Cecile Beernaert]], Louf claimed Beernaert operated a brothel at a hotel-villa in Knokke-Heist, using Louf and other girls for sexual acts with clients including politicians and businessmen. Beernaert, a former police commissioner's widow, ran the brothel at Elizabetlaan 83, [[Knokke-Heist]], behind Golfpad 4, near the [[Royal Zoute Golf Club]], where Louf was forced into services from age two, performing with other children under threat of beatings with a metal ruler or gun. Louf stated her grandmother filmed acts and used the basement studio for pornography production. At age 12, Louf was sold to pimp [[Tony Van den Boggaert]], a family acquaintance, who leased her to [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]]'s parties in Brussels, where Dutroux supplied girls and drugs. Louf's memories surfaced during therapy in the 1990s, leading her to contact authorities after Dutroux's arrest in 1996, under pseudonym to protect her identity.[^1] +Regina Louf, born in Ghent in 1969, was the witness known as X1 in the investigation opened at Neufchâteau after the arrest of [[Marc Dutroux]] in August 1996. The investigating judge [[Jean-Marc Connerotte]] had set up a free telephone line for information on child abuse; a Dutch-speaking caller, Tania, a friend of Louf's, reached the gendarme Patrick De Baets, who was in Connerotte's office at the time, and after some days Louf herself contacted him. A special cell of the Brussels BSR under De Baets questioned her, with every interview videotaped and summarized in French for Neufchâteau, while senior gendarmerie officers and magistrates watched from behind glass. Her statements opened a series of "related files," the [[X-Dossier]].[^1] -Louf described childhood at the Knokke brothel, where Beernaert hosted clients at the Royal Zoute Golf Club, including [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]], who raped her in a bedroom, and Counts [[Count Leopold Lippens]] and [[Count Maurice Auguste Lippens]], who participated in hunts in the Ardennes where children were chased naked through woods. She claimed witnessing the 1984 murder of [[Christine Van Hees]] at a Brussels factory farm, describing the 19-year-old's torture with wire ligatures from neck to ankles and burns from a blowtorch before being set on fire by Dutroux, Nihoul, [[Bernard Weinstein|Weinstein]], and lawyer [[Michel Vander Elst]]. Louf identified "Clo" as [[Carine Dellaert]], raped and murdered in 1983 after giving birth at a house, with Louf assisting the delivery before assaults by Nihoul, Dumont, and Lippens, matching Dellaert's autopsy findings of laminaria sticks and gauze for cervical dilation. Louf detailed another victim, "Katrien," as [[Katrien de Cuyper]], strangled at a castle in 1991 during a party. She described parties at [[Avenue Louise]] mansion with built-in cameras capturing sex and violence for blackmail, where contracts were signed over meals or post-act, binding participants in business and politics.[^1] +### Her Account -Louf's testimonies emerged in September 1996 interviews with [[Jean-Marc Connerotte]] and [[Michel Bourlet]], where she provided maps and descriptions matching unreleased police files. Diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder, Louf recalled memories through therapy, detailing over a dozen murders at parties escalating to snuff films at the [[ASCO]] factory owned by [[Roger Boas]]. She identified X2 as a party mistress and [[Chantal Storme]] as a childhood friend also abused at the brothel, confirmed by Storme in 1997 testimony of mutual sexual acts and threats from [[Cecile Beernaert]]. Louf claimed her grandmother's WW2-era brothel catered to Nazi officers, continuing post-war with elites, where Louf was branded and forced into acts with dogs. She identified a 1982 snuff film victim as [[Veronique Dubrulle]], whose father administered a cinema company, [[Decatron NV]], with Louf naming attendees including her father and the Bert brothers. Louf described her DID as a coping mechanism, with personalities switching under stress, but her details on Van Hees included the ligature method and burn locations not publicly known.[^1] +Louf said that from early childhood she had been prostituted by her grandmother, [[Cecile Beernaert]], at a villa in [[Knokke-Heist]] near the [[Royal Zoute Golf Club]], that at about twelve she was handed to a pimp, [[Tony Van den Boggaert]], who took her to parties in Brussels attended by [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]], and that the parties moved from sex to torture and murder. Among those she named as clients or participants were the former prime minister [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]] and members of the Lippens family, [[Count Leopold Lippens]] and [[Count Maurice Auguste Lippens]]. She said she had witnessed the 1984 murder of [[Christine Van Hees]] in the abandoned mushroom farm at Auderghem, naming Dutroux, Nihoul, [[Bernard Weinstein]] and the lawyer [[Michel Vander Elst]], and the 1983 death of [[Carine Dellaert]] after childbirth. She described a factory site that investigators connected to [[ASCO Industries NV]], a villa at Faulx-les-Tombes and parties on the Avenue Louise.[^2] She published her account as *Zwijgen is voor daders* in 1998.[^2] -### X-Dossier Testimony -Louf's statements to Bourlet's team detailed the progression of parties from sex to violence, with children used as incentives for contracts among businessmen and politicians. She described being trafficked to Amsterdam brothels and [[G-Force nightclub]] nightclub, where Nihoul's partner [[Marleen De Cokere]] worked, and witnessing deliveries to clients via Dutroux. The X-Dossier, compiled from September 1996, included Louf's maps leading to the Sterrebeek factory near Brussels, where she described a cleaning product smell and blood spots from snuff productions. Bourlet's investigators verified the location as ASCO Industries NV. Louf identified photographs of abuse venues and participants, including a villa in Faulx-les-Tombes used for orgies. She recounted a 1981 incident where she and Dellaert were driven to a house for rape after childbirth, with the baby taken, aligning with Dellaert's disappearance from Ghent.[^1] +### The Investigation of Her Testimony -Louf identified a fourth victim from photos as Veronique Dubrulle, murdered in 1982, whose father Jacques Dubrulle administered Decatron NV, with Louf naming Joost and Albert Bert as participants. Dubrulle's death certificate listed neurologists Louf identified as abusers. Louf described hunts at Lippens' estates, where children stripped progressively before final abuse or killing, with two to three deaths per event in October-November. She claimed these occurred in wooded areas near Namur and Bouillon, with guards preventing escape. Louf's pimp Tony introduced her to Nihoul's circuit, where she performed at the Dolo nightclub and chateau events, with drugs and escalating violence binding attendees through mutual compromise.[^1] +Her account of Van Hees led the Brussels gendarme Aimé Bille to the unsolved file, and he found that the earlier investigation under the investigating judge [[Jean-Claude Van Espen]] had "multiple gaps." Her statements led to the reopening of the murders of Van Hees, Dellaert, [[Veronique Dubrulle]], [[Katrien de Cuyper]] and Hanim Ayse Mazibas. A psychiatric report on her by Professor Igodt of the Catholic University of Leuven was read so differently by others that its author publicly urged "extreme caution" about the concrete details of her testimony while calling them "useful data" for further investigation.[^1] -The X-Dossier team noted Louf's DID but proceeded with verification, finding her Van Hees description matched closed files, including a basement room with a bicycle matching witness accounts. Louf identified Nihoul and Vander Elst from photos as present at the murder, with Weinstein and Dutroux as actors. For Dellaert, Louf described the house and participants, confirmed by autopsy details of recent birth and rape trauma. Her testimony included a 1984 party where Christine was killed, with Louf locked in another room during the act. Louf's book "Zwijgen is voor daders" published in 1998 detailed these experiences, asserting the network's existence.[^1] +After Connerotte was removed from the Dutroux case in October 1996 and replaced by Judge Jacques Langlois, the cell came under a Mr. Duterme, who from April 1997 had De Baets's colleagues reread the interviews and report on her credibility and on possible manipulation by De Baets's team; the first report, very negative for De Baets, "totally lacked credibility," and a second was ordered. In the summer of 1997 Langlois ordered a complete rereading of all the related files and removed De Baets and Bille from the investigation. A criminal investigation of the two gendarmes by Judge Pignolet was dropped and a gendarmerie disciplinary inquiry acquitted them completely; they then filed more than eighty complaints alleging that reports in the rereading had been falsified.[^1] -### Aftermath and Criticism -Louf's identity was leaked as Regina Louf in 1997, leading to public discreditation as a fantasist suffering from false memory syndrome, with media portraying her as unreliable due to DID. The 2004 trial barred X-witness testimonies, citing lack of corroboration, though Bourlet's summary leaked in 2009 via Wikileaks detailed her claims. Louf's details matched elements like the Van Hees ligature and Dellaert's tools, but the court favored the syndrome theory. She identified X4 as another child prostitute and Chantal as abused with her at the Knokke brothel, where they were forced into acts before clients. Louf claimed threats to her life if she spoke, and post-leak, she faced harassment, continuing advocacy through her book and interviews.[^1] - -Bourlet's team exonerated of fabrication in 1999, but the damage persisted, with the X-Dossier's 1997 leak to journalists leading to the 1999 book "The X-Files." Louf's accounts connected to [[Spartacus International]] via Dumont and CRIES, with Heylens listing Brongersma and Meier. Post-trial, Louf lived under protection, her testimony influencing independent probes into cold cases. The 2004 acquittal of Nihoul on kidnapping despite evidence from [[Michelle Martin]] and Lelievre highlighted barriers for witnesses like Louf. Her revelations detailed a network using hypnosis and trauma, tying to [[Project MKUltra]] concepts of mind control through dissociation.[^1] - -Louf's later life involved therapy and public speaking on trauma recovery, with no criminal charges against her. Her DID diagnosis came under scrutiny in the trial, but she maintained her recollections' accuracy, corroborated by elements like the Van Hees wrist nail and Dellaert's pregnancy. The case closed without prosecuting named elites, leaving Louf's testimony as key to the X-Dossier's legacy in exposing alleged protections for figures like [[Melchior Wathelet]] and Vanden Boeynants.[^1] +In January 1998 Louf gave up her anonymity, in part to protest the stalling of the inquiry, amid a press campaign against her fed by leaks from police and judicial circles. On April 23, 1998, the day Dutroux briefly escaped, the prosecutors-general of Antwerp, Ghent and Brussels decided that "no proof could be found that Regina Louf could make any contribution whatsoever to these investigations" and closed the related files. The same day, in a confrontation with Louf, the man described as her "so-called protector" admitted that he had had sex with her when she was twelve, with her parents' knowledge, and had once lent her to others; the admission was not pursued, the acts being time-barred.[^1] The Van Hees case was closed unsolved in 2014 under the statute of limitations.[^3] ### Footnotes -[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). Eye of the Chickenhawk. United States: Thehotstar. + +[^1]: Sénat de Belgique. Proposition visant à instituer une commission d'enquête parlementaire chargée d'enquêter sur l'éloignement de deux enquêteurs de la cellule d'enquête bruxelloise « Neufchâteau », déposée par M. Frans Lozie, Doc. 2-563/1, October 9, 2000, développements. https://www.senate.be +[^2]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. Sole source for the passages so cited; the underlying accounts are Louf, Regina, *Zwijgen is voor daders* (1998), and Bulté, Annemie, Douglas De Coninck and Marie-Jeanne Van Heeswyck, *De X-dossiers: wat België niet mocht weten over de zaak-Dutroux* (Houtekiet, 1999), neither of which was seen. +[^3]: "On ne percera pas le mystère de la champignonnière." *La Libre Belgique,* January 30, 2014 (not examined; reported in search summaries of the article). diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Richard Kennett.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Richard Kennett.md index 77710175..b7f9a213 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Richard Kennett.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Richard Kennett.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Richard Kennett was a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] analyst in the Office In May 1973, [[Hal Puthoff]] contacted Kennett regarding [[Ingo Swann]]'s coordinate-based clairvoyance scheme. Initially skeptical of the concept of using geographical coordinates for psychic targeting, Kennett challenged Puthoff to remote-view a location unknown even to Kennett himself. This led to the famous Sugar Grove incident, where Swann and [[Pat Price]] accurately described a secret [[NSA]] facility in [[West Virginia]], despite being given coordinates for Kennett's friend's cabin. This incident, while causing a security investigation, ultimately impressed Kennett and the NSA with the accuracy of remote viewing.[^1] -Kennett became a key figure in the CIA's oversight of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, monitoring the work at [[Stanford Research Institute]] (SRI) and later at [[Fort Meade]]. He was involved in tasking remote viewers with sensitive intelligence problems and evaluating their results. He was also the recipient of unusual psychic phenomena himself, including a precognitive experience related to [[Uri Geller]] that involved a shattered glass globe and a white bulldog, and a strange encounter with a one-armed man in a gray suit.[^1] +Kennett became a key figure in the CIA's oversight of the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program, monitoring the work at [[Stanford Research Institute]] (SRI) and later at [[Fort Meade]]. He was involved in tasking remote viewers with sensitive intelligence problems and evaluating their results. He was also the recipient of unusual psychic phenomena himself, including a precognitive experience related to [[Uri Geller]] that involved a shattered glass globe and a white bulldog, and a strange encounter with a one-armed man in a gray suit.[^1] The released CIA collection on the program carries no legible mention of Kennett.[^2] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Risa Heller.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Risa Heller.md index 7520e7f4..416e1e68 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Risa Heller.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Risa Heller.md @@ -8,21 +8,93 @@ tags: - Media summary: "New York crisis-communications consultant, formerly press secretary to Chuck Schumer, whose firm has represented Jared Kushner, Harvey Weinstein and Jeff Zucker." location: "New York City" +relations: + - type: employed_by + with: "[[Jane Harman]]" + start: 2004 + end: 2005 + fn: 3 + - type: employed_by + with: "[[Chuck Schumer]]" + start: 2005 + role: "New York City press secretary" + fn: 3 + - type: employed_by + with: "[[David Paterson]]" + fn: 2 + - type: employed_by + with: "[[Global Strategy Group]]" + fn: 1 + - type: spouse_of + with: "[[Ryan Toohey]]" + fn: 1 + - type: represented + with: "[[Anthony Weiner]]" + start: 2011 + fn: 1 + - type: represented + with: "[[Jared Kushner]]" + fn: 1 + - type: represented + with: "[[Kushner Companies]]" + fn: 1 + - type: represented + with: "[[Ivanka Trump]]" + start: 2017 + fn: 4 + - type: represented + with: "[[Harvey Weinstein]]" + start: 2015 + fn: 1 + - type: represented + with: "[[Kevin Clash]]" + fn: 1 + - type: represented + with: "[[Mario Batali]]" + fn: 1 + - type: represented + with: "[[Win Butler]]" + fn: 1 + - type: represented + with: "[[Jeffrey Toobin]]" + fn: 1 + - type: represented + with: "[[Arthur Sulzberger Jr.]]" + fn: 1 + - type: represented + with: "[[Jeff Zucker]]" + start: 2022 + fn: 1 + - type: represented + with: "[[Jeff Shell]]" + start: 2023 + fn: 3 + - type: represented + with: "[[GPB Capital Holdings]]" + start: 2021 + fn: 6 + - type: represented + with: "[[Verkada]]" + fn: 7 + - type: represented + with: "[[Casey Wasserman]]" + start: 2026 + fn: 8 created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- -Risa Heller graduated from the [[University of Michigan]] in 2001, having majored in psychology and in Hebrew and Jewish cultural studies, and later took a master's degree in communications at [[Johns Hopkins University]].[^1][^2] After an internship at the Washington office of the [[Anti-Defamation League]], she worked for Representative [[Jane Harman]] of [[California]] from 2004 to 2005 and then, from 2005, as the [[New York City]] press secretary of Senator [[Chuck Schumer]]; she later held a similar post under Governor [[David Paterson]] of [[New York]].[^1][^2][^3] "I would be nobody, nothing, nowhere without Chuck," she told *New York* magazine in 2023. She also worked at the Democratic consulting firm [[Global Strategy Group]], where she came to know her husband, Ryan Toohey, a former aide to [[Eliot Spitzer]] who became a partner at [[Dentons Global Advisors]].[^1] +Risa Heller graduated from the [[University of Michigan]] in 2001, having majored in psychology and in Hebrew and Jewish cultural studies, and later took a master's degree in communications at [[Johns Hopkins University]].[^1][^2] After an internship at the Washington office of the [[Anti-Defamation League]], she worked for Representative [[Jane Harman]] of [[California]] from 2004 to 2005 and then, from 2005, as the [[New York City]] press secretary of Senator [[Chuck Schumer]]; she later held a similar post under Governor [[David Paterson]] of [[New York]].[^1][^2][^3] "I would be nobody, nothing, nowhere without Chuck," she told *New York* magazine in 2023. She also worked at the Democratic consulting firm [[Global Strategy Group]], where she came to know her husband, [[Ryan Toohey]], a former aide to [[Eliot Spitzer]] who became a partner at [[Dentons Global Advisors]].[^1] ### Risa Heller Communications -Heller founded Risa Heller Communications in 2010. It had eighteen employees in early 2023. It trades as Heller and has offices in New York and Los Angeles.[^1][^2] +Heller founded Risa Heller Communications in 2010. It had eighteen employees in early 2023. It trades as Heller and has offices in New York and [[Los Angeles]].[^1][^2] -Its first crisis client, in 2011, was Representative [[Anthony Weiner]], then under scrutiny for sending an explicit photograph; she continued to advise him through his 2013 mayoral campaign and his 2017 case over messages to a minor.[^1][^4] [[Jared Kushner]] and [[Kushner Companies]] were long-standing clients. The engagement began before the 2016 presidential campaign to handle press on Kushner's divestiture from the family business, and in January 2017 she defended him against a *[[New York Times]]* report on his dealings with a Chinese businessman. She then worked on the public image of [[Ivanka Trump]] as Ivanka Trump took up a White House role. Schumer said: "I told her I didn't approve of that."[^1][^4] +Its first crisis client, in 2011, was Representative [[Anthony Weiner]], then under scrutiny for sending an explicit photograph; she continued to advise him through his 2013 mayoral campaign and his 2017 case over messages to a minor.[^1][^4] [[Jared Kushner]] and [[Kushner Companies]] were long-standing clients. The engagement began before the 2016 presidential campaign to handle press on Kushner's divestiture from the family business, and in January 2017 she defended him against a *[[New York Times]]* report on his dealings with a Chinese businessman. She then worked on the public image of [[Ivanka Trump]] as Ivanka Trump took up a [[White House]] role. Schumer said: "I told her I didn't approve of that."[^1][^4] -In 2015 [[Harvey Weinstein]] retained her against the accusation of the model Ambra Battilana, and she gave the *Times* his statement: "We are pleased this episode is behind us." Other clients recorded by *New York* magazine include Kevin Clash, the puppeteer of Elmo, against allegations of sex with teenagers (the cases were dismissed); the chef Mario Batali, accused of groping women; Win Butler of Arcade Fire; the legal analyst [[Jeffrey Toobin]]; and the former *Times* publisher [[Arthur Sulzberger Jr.]] in his divorce.[^1] In January 2022 she represented [[Jeff Zucker]] when his relationship with his deputy, Allison Gollust, ended his presidency of [[CNN]]; he had been introduced to her by Gary Ginsberg, a former adviser to [[Rupert Murdoch]]. In 2023 she represented Jeff Shell on his dismissal as chief executive of [[NBCUniversal]].[^1][^3] +In 2015 [[Harvey Weinstein]] retained her against the accusation of the model Ambra Battilana, and she gave the *Times* his statement: "We are pleased this episode is behind us." Other clients recorded by *New York* magazine include [[Kevin Clash]], the puppeteer of Elmo, against allegations of sex with teenagers (the cases were dismissed); the chef [[Mario Batali]], accused of groping women; [[Win Butler]] of Arcade Fire; the legal analyst [[Jeffrey Toobin]]; and the former *Times* publisher [[Arthur Sulzberger Jr.]] in his divorce.[^1] In January 2022 she represented [[Jeff Zucker]] when his relationship with his deputy, Allison Gollust, ended his presidency of [[CNN]]; he had been introduced to her by Gary Ginsberg, a former adviser to [[Rupert Murdoch]]. In 2023 she represented [[Jeff Shell]] on his dismissal as chief executive of [[NBCUniversal]].[^1][^3] -She was reported to have helped [[Elizabeth Holmes]], the convicted founder of [[Theranos]], to place the *New York Times* profile "Liz Holmes Wants You to Forget About Elizabeth," published on May 7, 2023, three weeks before Holmes reported to prison.[^5] In February 2021 the spokesperson for [[GPB Capital Holdings]], whose founder David Gentile had been arrested, was Linden Zakula of Heller's firm; he denied on GPB's behalf any part in 103 million dollars of land purchases in Clearwater, [[Florida]], by limited liability companies owned by [[Scientology|Scientologists]].[^6] The surveillance-camera maker [[Verkada]] retained the firm in about 2021.[^7] +She was reported to have helped [[Elizabeth Holmes]], the convicted founder of [[Theranos]], to place the *New York Times* profile "Liz Holmes Wants You to Forget About Elizabeth," published on May 7, 2023, three weeks before Holmes reported to prison.[^5] In February 2021 the spokesperson for [[GPB Capital Holdings]], whose founder David Gentile had been arrested, was [[Linden Zakula]] of Heller's firm; he denied on GPB's behalf any part in 103 million dollars of land purchases in Clearwater, [[Florida]], by limited liability companies owned by [[Scientology|Scientologists]].[^6] The surveillance-camera maker [[Verkada]] retained the firm in about 2021.[^7] *New York* magazine described her closeness to the reporters who cover her clients: she hosted a book party for [[Maggie Haberman]] of the *Times*, and when a *New Yorker* writer began a profile of Jon Kelly of Puck, Kelly "called up Heller to run interference."[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Robert Jachim.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Robert Jachim.md index 38a0e24c..6c45d479 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Robert Jachim.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Robert Jachim.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ created: 2026-09-21 updated: 2026-09-21 --- -Robert J. Jachim, a lieutenant colonel of military intelligence, attended the first briefing of the new commander of [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]], [[Albert Stubblebine]], on [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] on June 30, 1981, as "incoming project manager" beside Lieutenant Colonel [[Murray Watt]], and "assumes project manager duties" on July 17. He gave the standard INSCOM briefing to staff of the [[Senate Appropriations Committee]] on June 29, 1982 ("In the fall of 1978, ACSI tasked INSCOM to determine if parapsychology could be used to collect intelligence"), and wrote the record of the briefing of Senator [[Claiborne Pell]] by [[Jack Vorona]] of DIA and INSCOM representatives in his office at the Capitol on September 29, 1982. His memorandum of the full briefing to Stubblebine on September 27, 1982, records the general choosing the 902d Military Intelligence Group's Security Support Detachment as the unit's new home before the options had been read out, and the guidance "Get out of the briefing mode!" and "Prepare a letter to MG [[William Odom|Odom]] notifying him of the decision to continue the project." He remained manager through the change of name to [[Center Lane]] until the summer of 1983.[^1] +Robert J. Jachim, a lieutenant colonel of military intelligence, attended the first briefing of the new commander of [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]], [[Albert Stubblebine]], on [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] on June 30, 1981, as "incoming project manager" beside Lieutenant Colonel [[Murray Watt]], and "assumes project manager duties" on July 17. He gave the standard INSCOM briefing to staff of the [[Senate Appropriations Committee]] on June 29, 1982 ("In the fall of 1978, ACSI tasked INSCOM to determine if parapsychology could be used to collect intelligence"), and wrote the record of the briefing of Senator [[Claiborne Pell]] by [[Jack Vorona]] of DIA and INSCOM representatives in his office at the Capitol on September 29, 1982. His memorandum of the full briefing to Stubblebine on September 27, 1982, records the general choosing the 902d Military Intelligence Group's Security Support Detachment as the unit's new home before the options had been read out, and the guidance "Get out of the briefing mode!" and "Prepare a letter to MG [[William Odom|Odom]] notifying him of the decision to continue the project." He remained manager through the change of name to [[Center Lane]] until the summer of 1983.[^1] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Robert Monroe.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Robert Monroe.md index 98ab3f8e..a8fcd5a9 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Robert Monroe.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Robert Monroe.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ location: "Lexington, Kentucky, USA" --- -[[Robert Monroe]] was an American businessman and explorer of human consciousness. He is known for his extensive personal experiences with out-of-body experiences (OBEs) and for founding [[Monroe Institute|The Monroe Institute]], a non-profit organization dedicated to the exploration of human consciousness through various techniques, including Hemi-Sync audio technology. While not directly involved in the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], his work and institute became a post-military career path for figures like [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]], who became president of the Institute.[^1] +[[Robert Monroe]] was an American businessman and explorer of human consciousness. He is known for his extensive personal experiences with out-of-body experiences (OBEs) and for founding [[Monroe Institute|The Monroe Institute]], a non-profit organization dedicated to the exploration of human consciousness through various techniques, including Hemi-Sync audio technology. While not directly involved in the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], his work and institute became a post-military career path for figures like [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]], who became president of the Institute.[^1] An INSCOM information paper of January 5, 1984, gave his particulars: "Born on 30 Oct 1915, in [[Wabash, Indiana]], Robert A. Monroe received a BA degree from [[Ohio State University]] in 1937," was "the author of the book *Journeys Out of the Body,* published in 1971," and "has a DoD SECRET security clearance based on a NAC completed on 18 January 1980." The Army's association with his institute dated from 1978, and by 1984 its Hemi-Sync process was in use in the [[Center Lane]] unit's training and collection missions.[^2] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Roger Mayorga.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Roger Mayorga.md index de1b2dd0..82ebb6ee 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Roger Mayorga.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Roger Mayorga.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Roger Mayorga was a former [[Sandinistas|Sandinista]] intelligence officer who h ### Tracking Meneses -Mayorga, a short, stocky man with hard eyes, had been chief of state security in Meneses's hometown of Estelí. He was well acquainted with Norwin and his family and the work they had done for Somoza and the [[Contras]]. Mayorga investigated Meneses's cocaine operation in [[Managua]], which led to the 1991 raid that seized 725 kilos of [[cocaine]] and resulted in Meneses's conviction and thirty-year sentence. Mayorga played a key role in the arrest of [[Enrique Miranda]], Meneses's former aide, whose testimony about Meneses's Contra-connected drug dealings became central to the [[Dark Alliance]] narrative.[^2] +Mayorga, a short, stocky man with hard eyes, had been chief of state security in Meneses's hometown of Estelí. He was well acquainted with Norwin and his family and the work they had done for Somoza and the [[Contras]]. Mayorga investigated Meneses's cocaine operation in [[Managua]], which led to the 1991 raid that seized 725 kilos of [[Cocaine]] and resulted in Meneses's conviction and thirty-year sentence. Mayorga played a key role in the arrest of [[Enrique Miranda]], Meneses's former aide, whose testimony about Meneses's Contra-connected drug dealings became central to the [[Dark Alliance]] narrative.[^2] ### CIA Connections diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ronald Lister.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ronald Lister.md index 48f409cf..f42835a6 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ronald Lister.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ronald Lister.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ aliases: - Ronald Jay Lister - Ron Lister created: 2026-05-17 -updated: 2026-09-21 +updated: 2026-09-22 category: "Key Figures" tags: - Person @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Ronald Jay Lister was a former southern California police officer who became [[D Before his criminal career, Lister spent nearly fifteen years as a police officer. He started as a military policeman for the U.S. Army and U.S. Army Reserve, stationed in Orange County with the 414th Military Police company. His service records show he held a degree in political science and was trained in processing prisoners of war captured during the Vietnam conflict. He regularly received excellent fitness reports. While an army reservist, Lister hired on as an officer with the police department of Maywood, a small suburb of [[Los Angeles]] that employed only a handful of uniformed patrolmen. He was also a reserve deputy for the [[Los Angeles County Sheriff's Office|L.A. County Sheriff's Office]] at the same time.[^1] -Lister was called to active duty in the army for a few months in 1969, and later, when his enlistment ended, he volunteered for the U.S. Coast Guard, serving as a reserve port security officer at Terminal Island in San Pedro, California. In late 1973 he found a home with the [[Laguna Beach Police Department]], which patrols a posh Orange County suburb south of Los Angeles. There he rose through the ranks to become a detective in the burglary division.[^1] +Lister was called to active duty in the army for a few months in 1969, and later, when his enlistment ended, he volunteered for the U.S. Coast Guard, serving as a reserve port security officer at Terminal Island in San Pedro, California. In late 1973 he found a home with the [[Laguna Beach Police Department]], which patrols a posh Orange County suburb south of Los Angeles. There he rose through the ranks to become a detective in the burglary division.[^1] Lister's own account to the Justice Department's inspector general was about thirteen years in law enforcement: the Los Angeles Sheriff's Department from 1967, the Maywood police from 1969 to 1973 and the Laguna Beach police from 1973 to 1980. On leaving, he told the inspector general, he became owner of Terman International Security Consultants of Newport Beach, later Mundy's Security Group.[^7] Lieutenant Danielle Adams, who served with Lister, recalled him as "always very successful, very tenacious and got the job done." His former chief, [[Neil Purcell]], who was on the hiring board that gave Lister his job, offered a starkly different assessment: "The man, in my opinion, is a lying, conniving, manipulative person who likes to play with people's minds. He's very evasive and loves living on the edge. He's the biggest bullshitter that has ever been placed on this earth." Both agreed on one point: "Don't ever underestimate him. He's very, very bright and very tenacious," Adams warned.[^1] @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Blandón stated that Lister and a partner named Bill Downing "went to the meetin ### Weapons Manufacturing in El Salvador -Through Pyramid International Security Consultants, Lister conducted extensive business in El Salvador during the early 1980s civil war. Arms manufacturer [[Tim LaFrance|Timothy LaFrance]] described Pyramid as "a private vendor that the CIA used to do things [the agency] couldn't do." LaFrance accompanied Lister to El Salvador at least twice, helping to set up facilities to manufacture pistols for the Contras. When LaFrance applied in Pyramid's name for a State Department permit to take high-powered weapons out of the [[United States]], "It came back approved in two days. Usually it takes three months. We went down to [[Central America]] with two giant boxes full of machine guns and ammunition."[^1] +Through Pyramid International Security Consultants, Lister conducted extensive business in El Salvador during the early 1980s civil war. Arms manufacturer [[Tim LaFrance|Timothy LaFrance]] described Pyramid as "a private vendor that the CIA used to do things [the agency] couldn't do." LaFrance accompanied Lister to El Salvador at least twice, helping to set up facilities to manufacture pistols for the Contras. When LaFrance applied in Pyramid's name for a [[State Department]] permit to take high-powered weapons out of the [[United States]], "It came back approved in two days. Usually it takes three months. We went down to [[Central America]] with two giant boxes full of machine guns and ammunition."[^1] According to LaFrance, the Pyramid team moved into a mass-transit center run by the military in downtown [[San Salvador]]. "That's where we made the weapons. You could have 50 guys working in a machine shop and nobody would know it." After the finished guns were transported to a Salvadoran military airstrip in Morazon province, they were airlifted to Contra camps in Honduras. "We made almost all of our drops by helicopter, buzzing the treetops," LaFrance said. Pyramid was eventually expelled from El Salvador at the urging of the [[U.S. Army]], which took over the weapons plant.[^1] @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ In October 1982, Pyramid made a security proposal to Salvadoran defense minister Lister's former office manager [[Chris Moore]] recalled that Lister claimed to have a "big CIA contact" at [[Fluor Corporation]], an international construction management company based in Orange County. "Ron said the guy was the former Deputy Director of Operations or something, real high up there," Moore said. Blandón "recalled hearing Lister say that he was involved with the CIA and that he knew someone high up in the CIA who was getting him some licenses so he could sell weapons to Iran." Blandón said he "never believed Lister because he lied too much."[^1] -Former CIA officer [[John Vandewerker]], who once employed [[Richard Wilker]] as a salesman, said he knew Lister and Wilker were involved in some business activity in El Salvador. "It was kind of touchy... as far as getting out of the country and all that kind of stuff." Vandewerker's name was also found in the notebooks of investigative reporter [[Danny Casolaro]] after his death, in connection with the goings-on at the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation|Cabazon Indian tribe]] reservation. LaFrance told journalist Nick Schou that the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA)]] was also involved in Lister's weapons manufacturing plant in El Salvador, and that the meetings Lister and his associates had with death squad commander [[Roberto D'Aubuisson]] "happened because the DIA wanted them to happen." Records found in Lister's house in the 1986 raid disclosed connections between Lister and "a DIA subcontractor."[^1] +Former CIA officer [[John Vandewerker]], who once employed [[Richard Wilker]] as a salesman, said he knew Lister and Wilker were involved in some business activity in El Salvador. "It was kind of touchy... as far as getting out of the country and all that kind of stuff." Vandewerker's name was also found in the notebooks of investigative reporter [[Danny Casolaro]] after his death, in connection with the goings-on at the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation|Cabazon Indian tribe]] reservation. LaFrance told journalist [[Nick Schou]] that the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA)]] was also involved in Lister's weapons manufacturing plant in El Salvador, and that the meetings Lister and his associates had with death squad commander [[Roberto D'Aubuisson]] "happened because the DIA wanted them to happen." Records found in Lister's house in the 1986 raid disclosed connections between Lister and "a DIA subcontractor."[^1] ### FBI Investigations @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ Between 1983 and 1986, the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] opened five separ ### CIA Denials -When defense attorneys tried in 1996 to quiz Blandón about Lister's alleged relationship with the CIA, a federal prosecutor immediately objected, and the jury was ordered out of the courtroom. During a whispered conversation with the judge, the prosecutor said that while it was true that "Lister made a claim... that he was an employee of the CIA," the government believed it was false, made only to "impress [his] illegal business partners," and was an attempt "to deter prosecution." Nevertheless the prosecutor asked the judge to halt that line of inquiry because it was "muddying the waters." The judge decided that since Blandón had denied that Lister worked for the government, there was no need for any more questions. An internal CIA investigation in 1997 declared that Lister had no relationship with the agency.[^1] +When defense attorneys tried in 1996 to quiz Blandón about Lister's alleged relationship with the CIA, a federal prosecutor immediately objected, and the jury was ordered out of the courtroom. During a whispered conversation with the judge, the prosecutor said that while it was true that "Lister made a claim... that he was an employee of the CIA," the government believed it was false, made only to "impress [his] illegal business partners," and was an attempt "to deter prosecution." Nevertheless the prosecutor asked the judge to halt that line of inquiry because it was "muddying the waters." The judge decided that since Blandón had denied that Lister worked for the government, there was no need for any more questions. An internal CIA investigation in 1997 declared that Lister had no relationship with the agency.[^1] The Justice Department's inspector general concluded that "we have found no credible evidence that Lister ever had a relationship with the CIA. The evidence does indicate, however, that Lister frequently told people that he had an association with the CIA in order to impress them and to hide his illegal activities." The FBI had closed a 1984 investigation of his attempt to sell equipment to foreign nationals because he could not supply it, concluding that he "clearly had intentions of violating U.S. export laws" but lacked the ability, and its [[San Francisco]] office called him the "quintessential con man." The CIA's inspector general confirmed that William Nelson, the retired security consultant Lister named as a contact, had once been the agency's Deputy Director for Operations.[^7] Lister dismissed any suggestion that he was "knowingly" working for the CIA. In an interview with police in 1996, he claimed "that if he were affiliated with an organization like the CIA, he wouldn't talk about it." The detectives noted that "Lister did display some knowledge of the U.S. intelligence community during our interview." Blandón's attorney [[Brad Brunon]] described Lister as "one of these guys who would boast about having bugging capabilities, would boast about having wiretap capabilities, you could get any information any time, one of those... I-can-uplink-to-the-satellite sort of guy." Brunon said of Lister: "I never knew what his true role was. I mean, he covertly insinuated that he was CIA. At least, if not a sworn member, whatever the hell they do to get to become employees - some sort of operative." Brunon "really didn't have much communication with the guy because he scared me."[^1] @@ -82,49 +82,36 @@ Lister's most significant intelligence connection was [[William Nelson|Bill Nels On April 3, 1985, two FBI agents, Richard Smith and David Cook, delivered a grand jury subpoena to Lister's home in Mission Viejo. They questioned him about contacts with Soviet bloc countries. Lister confirmed to police in 1996 that he had been the subject of a "grand jury investigation on my relationship with Soviet agents." He said he had sold an FBI "scrambler system" to someone overseas, and the FBI investigated only to find the equipment was declassified and available commercially.[^2] -FBI agent Smith recalled that Lister was attempting to sell classified electronic equipment to Soviet KGB agents. The FBI conducted a sting operation with agents posing as KGB agents. Smith said Lister's activities were "completely illegal and clearly in violation of United States national security." Chief Purcell recalled the FBI was "absolutely convinced he was selling this stuff to the Russians" and showed him photographs of Lister meeting with Russians in San Francisco, New York, and the Embassy in Washington. But Purcell told the FBI: "Pardon me for laughing, but he's taking you guys for a ride." The FBI discovered Lister was overcharging the Russians four to five times retail for camera equipment. Smith claimed Lister was never prosecuted because he was "full of hot air" and lacked "present capability" to produce the equipment, though the case went to a grand jury.[^2] +FBI agent Smith recalled that Lister was attempting to sell classified electronic equipment to Soviet [[KGB]] agents. The FBI conducted a sting operation with agents posing as KGB agents. Smith said Lister's activities were "completely illegal and clearly in violation of United States national security." Chief Purcell recalled the FBI was "absolutely convinced he was selling this stuff to the Russians" and showed him photographs of Lister meeting with Russians in San Francisco, New York, and the Embassy in Washington. But Purcell told the FBI: "Pardon me for laughing, but he's taking you guys for a ride." The FBI discovered Lister was overcharging the Russians four to five times retail for camera equipment. Smith claimed Lister was never prosecuted because he was "full of hot air" and lacked "present capability" to produce the equipment, though the case went to a grand jury.[^2] ### Seized Documents and National Security Classification -When L.A. detectives tried to obtain FBI files on the Lister investigation in 1996, FBI Special Agent Tim Bezick stated that "the FBI reports and the transcripts of Lister's grand jury testimony were protected by the National Security Act." Joel Levin, chief of the Criminal Division of the San Francisco U.S. Attorney's office, confirmed a court order would be required. The personnel files from Lister's old employers were also inaccessible: Maywood Police Department files were "sealed by the City of Maywood," and Laguna Beach Police Department files had been purged entirely.[^2] +When L.A. detectives tried to obtain FBI files on the Lister investigation in 1996, FBI Special Agent Tim Bezick stated that "the FBI reports and the transcripts of Lister's grand jury testimony were protected by the National Security Act." Joel Levin, chief of the Criminal Division of the San Francisco [[U.S. Attorney's office]], confirmed a court order would be required. The personnel files from Lister's old employers were also inaccessible: Maywood Police Department files were "sealed by the City of Maywood," and Laguna Beach Police Department files had been purged entirely.[^2] -Documents seized during a 1986 narcotics raid on Lister's house included a ten-page handwritten document chronicling weapons and equipment deals, including meetings with a customer named "Ivan" at the Fairmont Hotel in San Jose and a visit to the Russian embassy in Washington, D.C. Lister's monthly calendars for 1985 contained "frequent references to the Contras," including notations reading "SF Contras," "LA Contras," "D-Contra" and at least one reference to the DIA. Agents seized weapons code sheets and a handwritten note bearing the names of several CIA operatives working with [[Eden Pastora]]'s [[ARDE]] group.[^2] +Documents seized during a 1986 narcotics raid on Lister's house included a ten-page handwritten document chronicling weapons and equipment deals, including meetings with a customer named "Ivan" at the Fairmont Hotel in [[San Jose]] and a visit to the Russian embassy in [[Washington, D.C.]] Lister's monthly calendars for 1985 contained "frequent references to the Contras," including notations reading "SF Contras," "LA Contras," "D-Contra" and at least one reference to the DIA. Agents seized weapons code sheets and a handwritten note bearing the names of several CIA operatives working with [[Eden Pastora]]'s [[ARDE]] group.[^2] -A flow chart found in Lister's notes contained boxes labeled "Swiss Bank," "U.S. State Department," "H.K.," "X Country," and "Factory USA." U.S. Customs Service analysis concluded it diagrammed a scheme to illegally divert American-made weapons using fraudulent end-user certificates - precisely the method [[Oliver North]] used to arm the Contras after the congressional funding cutoff. "The documents seized from Lister in 1986 largely corroborate his account of his relationship with Blandón and the Contras," the Justice Department concluded in 1997.[^2] +A flow chart found in Lister's notes contained boxes labeled "Swiss Bank," "U.S. State Department," "H.K.," "X Country," and "Factory USA." [[U.S. Customs]] Service analysis concluded it diagrammed a scheme to illegally divert American-made weapons using fraudulent end-user certificates - precisely the method [[Oliver North]] used to arm the Contras after the congressional funding cutoff. The Justice Department's inspector general concluded that "whatever the legality of the transactions depicted in the flow chart, nothing indicates that it shows the sale of arms to the Contras, and certainly nothing suggests that it depicts the use of drug money in any of the deals," and that "the documents seized from Lister in 1986 largely corroborate his account of his relationship with Blandon and the Contras. Lister would have liked to sell military and security weaponry and equipment to the Contras and to factions in El Salvador but we found no evidence showing that he did."[^2][^7] ### Drug Trafficking Expertise -Lister when he first met Blandón "knew nothing about narcotics and could not tell you coke from flour. I had never seen the shit." But after Lister returned from his Central American travels, his former San Diego attorney said, he appeared to be an expert in the cocaine business: "When he came back, he seemed to know a lot about what was going on in [[Colombia]] with drug trafficking. I thought it was interesting because in the mid-1980s, no one knew very much about these cartels. But he knew quite a bit. And he knew names and dates, places, et cetera." The attorney recalled Lister predicting the rise of the [[Cali Drug Cartel]] while the media was focused only on the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín cartel]]: "Ron said the Cali cartel is where all the power is concentrated, that's where the power structure is, and no one is even bothering them." The attorney surmised that Lister could have gained "this information from the CIA, or through his work with them."[^1] +Lister when he first met Blandón "knew nothing about narcotics and could not tell you coke from flour. I had never seen the shit." But after Lister returned from his Central American travels, his former [[San Diego]] attorney said, he appeared to be an expert in the cocaine business: "When he came back, he seemed to know a lot about what was going on in [[Colombia]] with drug trafficking. I thought it was interesting because in the mid-1980s, no one knew very much about these cartels. But he knew quite a bit. And he knew names and dates, places, et cetera." The attorney recalled Lister predicting the rise of the [[Cali Drug Cartel]] while the media was focused only on the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín cartel]]: "Ron said the Cali cartel is where all the power is concentrated, that's where the power structure is, and no one is even bothering them." The attorney surmised that Lister could have gained "this information from the CIA, or through his work with them."[^1] Lister told CIA inspectors that he had been to Colombia with Blandón and observed Blandón negotiating drug deals with the Colombians.[^1] ### Cocaine Distribution Operations -As 1982 drew to a close, Blandón's cocaine trafficking business in Los Angeles expanded dramatically. Lister described the logistics to police: "I'd go over to D's [Blandón's] house, take my Mercedes over there, put three U-Haul boxes which will cover about 100 keys, about 33 per box plus one you'd squeeze in, in the trunk, go over to south L.A. It was the slickest deal you've ever seen."[^1] +As 1982 drew to a close, Blandón's cocaine trafficking business in Los Angeles expanded dramatically. Lister described the logistics to police: "I'd go over to D's [Blandón's] house, take my Mercedes over there, put three U-Haul boxes which will cover about 100 keys, about 33 per box plus one you'd squeeze in, in the trunk, go over to south L.A. It was the slickest deal you've ever seen."[^1] The Torres brothers told investigators that "Blandón is working with an ex-Laguna Beach police officer by the name of Ronnie, who lives in an expensive house in Mission Viejo and drives a new Mercedes automobile. Ronnie transported 100 kilos of [[Cocaine]] to the Black market and has transported millions of dollars to [[Miami]] for Danilo Blandón.".[^5] ### October 1986 Raids -On October 27, 1986, the [[LASD Major Violators]] raided Lister's former Mission Viejo house - where [[Aparicio Moreno]] was now living - and his new residence. At the new house, Deputy Bobby Juarez explained they were executing a drug warrant. Lister responded: "I know why you're here, but why are you here? Mr. Weekly knows what I'm doing and you're not supposed to be here." Lister told deputies he "had dealings in South America and worked with the CIA and added that his friends in Washington weren't going to like what was going on." Deputy Richard Love said Lister warned: "You don't know what you are doing. There's a bigger picture here. I'm working for the CIA. The government is allowing drug sales to go on in the United States." Lister also had "intimate details about a plane loaded with guns that crashed in Nicaragua" and "alluded to the fact that he had been on one of those planes before." No drugs were found. Seized evidence was logged as "miscellaneous CIA info" and included "a lot of Contra rebel correspondence."[^3] +On October 27, 1986, the [[LASD Major Violators]] raided Lister's former Mission Viejo house - where [[Aparicio Moreno]] was now living - and his new residence. At the new house, Deputy Bobby Juarez explained they were executing a drug warrant. Lister responded: "I know why you're here, but why are you here? Mr. Weekly knows what I'm doing and you're not supposed to be here." Lister told deputies he "had dealings in [[South America]] and worked with the CIA and added that his friends in Washington weren't going to like what was going on." Deputy Richard Love said Lister warned: "You don't know what you are doing. There's a bigger picture here. I'm working for the CIA. The government is allowing drug sales to go on in the United States." Lister also had "intimate details about a plane loaded with guns that crashed in Nicaragua" and "alluded to the fact that he had been on one of those planes before." No drugs were found. Seized evidence was logged as "miscellaneous CIA info" and included "a lot of Contra rebel correspondence."[^3] -Deputies found papers showing Lister had "regular meeting with DIA subcontractor Scott Weekly," handwritten weapons lists including antiaircraft weapons, 1,000 AR-15 rifles, and napalm bombs, and a list of names including William Nelson, Roberto D'Aubuisson, and Scott Weekly. Federal agents copied over 1,000 pages of seized documents, then nearly all copies disappeared. The CIA's Los Angeles office sent an "Immediate Director" cable asking for traces on Lister, Blandón, and Meneses. Lister denied the CIA claims, but Sergeant Art Fransen said Lister erupted in a "tirade": "You guys don't know what you are doing. I deal with the CIA. I got power!"[^3] - -### Blandón - -Ron Lister was a former Laguna Beach police officer who became Danilo Blandón's partner in drug trafficking and weapons procurement, claiming high-level Central Intelligence Agency connections. Lister's activities illustrated the overlap between law enforcement, the drug trade, and intelligence operations in [[California]] during the 1980s.[^4] - -### Drug Trafficking Partnership - -The Torres brothers told investigators that "Blandón is working with an ex-Laguna Beach police officer by the name of Ronnie, who lives in an expensive house in Mission Viejo and drives a new Mercedes automobile. Ronnie transported 100 kilos of [[cocaine]] to the Black market and has transported millions of dollars to [[Miami]] for Danilo Blandón." Lister operated Mundy Security Group Inc., incorporated in Laguna Beach in mid-1983, which provided cover for his weapons procurement activities. He arranged weapons sales presentations to Contra leaders, with attendees including Eden Pastora and other top Contra figures.[^5] - -### CIA Claims and Arrest - -When arrested, Lister told detectives: "I know why you're here, but why are you here? Mr. Weekly knows what I'm doing and you're not supposed to be here." Lister told Detective Juarez "that he had dealings in [[South America]] and worked with the CIA and added that his friends in Washington weren't going to like what was going on." He claimed his CIA contact was the former Deputy Director of Operations working at Fluor Corporation. After the arrest, a CIA cable marked "Immediate Director" reported that individuals claiming CIA affiliation had been detained. Nearly all seized evidence was returned to Lister and Blandón within days.[^6] +Deputies found papers showing Lister had "regular meeting with DIA subcontractor [[Scott Weekly]]," handwritten weapons lists including antiaircraft weapons, 1,000 AR-15 rifles, and napalm bombs, and a list of names including William Nelson, Roberto D'Aubuisson, and Scott Weekly. Federal agents copied over 1,000 pages of seized documents, then nearly all copies disappeared. The CIA's Los Angeles office sent an "Immediate Director" cable asking for traces on Lister, Blandón, and Meneses. Lister denied the CIA claims, but Sergeant Art Fransen said Lister erupted in a "tirade": "You guys don't know what you are doing. I deal with the CIA. I got power!"[^3] ### Footnotes [^1]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 6: "They were doing their patriotic duty" [^2]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 10: "Teach a man a craft and he's liable to practice it" [^3]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 18: "We bust our ass and the government's involved" -[^4]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Ch. 9. [^5]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Ch. 9, Ch. 8. -[^6]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Ch. 9. +[^7]: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of the Inspector General. *The CIA-Contra-Crack Cocaine Controversy: A Review of the Justice Department's Investigations and Prosecutions.* December 1997, chapter V. https://oig.justice.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/special/9712/ diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Sean McDade.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Sean McDade.md index 23d361ed..a7641165 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Sean McDade.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Sean McDade.md @@ -3,22 +3,37 @@ category: "PROMIS Scandal" tags: - Person - PROMIS - - CIA -summary: "McDade's probe was authorized at the highest level of the RCMP and was well-funded." + - RCMP + - Canada +summary: "Ottawa-Carleton police officer seconded to the RCMP who ran Project Abbreviation, the 1999-2000 inquiry into whether Canadian agencies used a compromised version of PROMIS." +location: "Ottawa, Canada" +relations: + - type: employed_by + with: "[[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]]" + start: 1999 + end: 2000 + role: "national security investigator on secondment from the Ottawa-Carleton regional police" + fn: 2 + - type: head_of + with: "[[Project Abbreviation]]" + start: 1999 + end: 2000-09-16 + fn: 2 +created: 2025-08-05 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -[[Sean McDade]] was a national security investigator with the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] who secretly entered the [[United States]] in February 2000 to investigate evidence that the [[Canadian Government]] was using a computer software program called [[PROMIS]], which allegedly allowed the [[United States|U.S.]] to eavesdrop on [[Canada|Canadian]] intelligence secrets through a modified "back-door." His investigation was code-named [[Project Abbreviation]], and his email handle, "simorp," was [[PROMIS]] spelled backward.[1] -McDade's probe was authorized at the highest level of the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] and was well-funded. He was deeply committed to ascertaining whether the [[Canadian Government]]'s computer system had been compromised. He learned that a meeting had been held in December 1999 at the [[Los Alamos National Laboratory|Los Alamos facility]] in [[New Mexico]], attended by the heads of intelligence divisions from the [[United States|U.S.]] ([[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]), [[United Kingdom|Britain]] ([[British Intelligence]]), [[Israel]] ([[Mossad]]), and [[Canadian Security Intelligence Service|CSIS]], concerning Y2K computer problems. A source suggested that all four allied countries shared the same computer system, possibly [[PROMIS]], due to its mutual integration capabilities. McDade was also informed by another source that the [[Mossad]] may have modified the [[PROMIS]] software to create a "two-way" backdoor, potentially allowing [[Israel]] access to top [[United States|U.S.]] weapons secrets at [[Los Alamos National Laboratory|Los Alamos]] and other installations.[1] +Sean McDade, an Ottawa-Carleton regional police officer on secondment to the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]], ran [[Project Abbreviation]], the force's inquiry into whether software used by Canadian agencies was a version of [[INSLAW]]'s [[PROMIS]] fitted with a "trap door" for American and Israeli intelligence. His email handle, "simorp," was PROMIS spelled backward.[^1][^2] -During his investigation, McDade met with [[Cheri Seymour]], the author of *The Last Circle*, in Southern California on February 19, 2000. He explained that high-ranking [[Canadian Government|Canadian]] officials might have unlawfully purchased the [[PROMIS]] software from officials in the [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]]-[[George H.W. Bush|Bush]] administration, and the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] had reportedly traced banking transactions supporting this claim. He believed a successful investigation "could cause the entire [[United States Republican Party|U.S. Republican Party]] to be dismantled and more than one presidential administration would be exposed for their knowledge of the [[PROMIS]] software transaction." [[Sue Todd]], a Police Detective from Hercules, California, accompanied McDade to this meeting, as they had discovered they shared the same source and Todd's investigation into a double homicide was connected to the [[PROMIS]] case.[1] +### The Public Record -McDade spent three days photocopying thousands of supporting documents to *The Last Circle* before returning to [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] headquarters in [[Ottawa]] to set up a "war room." His probe evolved into an eight-month saga of interviews with former investigators, witnesses, undercover informants, and law enforcement personnel across the [[United States]]. He learned that [[United States|U.S.]] predecessors in the [[PROMIS]] investigation had faced obstruction from the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]], with some investigators being fired, suspended, or quitting when directed to cease their inquiries into drugs and money laundering.[1] +The *Toronto Star* disclosed the inquiry on August 25, 2000. Reached by telephone, McDade said: "You're putting me in a bad spot here. I can't comment on what's happening right now... I kind of get a chuckle out of how something so small has been blown out of proportion." The RCMP's Sergeant Marc Richer said, "I cannot either confirm or deny what you're looking into"; Staff Sergeant Mike Gaudet confirmed the next day that an investigation had been under way "for some time" and had found "absolutely nothing to indicate that national security has been compromised"; the [[Canadian Security Intelligence Service|CSIS]] spokesman Dan Lambert said the service had reviewed the question in 1991 and never held a copy of the software. Louis Buffardi, lawyer for [[Michael Riconosciuto]], said RCMP officers had interviewed his client "eight or nine months" earlier.[^1][^2] On September 16, 2000, the Star reported the end of the inquiry, with Gaudet saying, "We're saying today that we do not have Promis software." McDade had refused the paper's requests for an interview. [[Bill Hamilton]] of INSLAW said he had spoken with McDade "probably dozens" of times and that McDade had earlier told him the RCMP acquired PROMIS "from a company in Massachusetts" and that it "was modified by a Toronto firm"; [[Cheri Seymour]] told the Star that McDade "said that they had a paper trail on the Promis software being purchased by the RCMP. He told me that."[^2] -McDade also described [[Scott Lawrence]]'s deep-cover drug investigation, code-named [[THE INDO-CHINA PROJECT]], on the Maine/Canadian border. Lawrence's investigation was abruptly shut down after he and his supervisor, [[John (Tim) Kelly]], requested to impanel grand juries to depose [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] officials.[1] +### McDade's Account -McDade found himself a target of [[ECHELON]] technology during his investigation in the [[United States]], forcing him to take extraordinary measures to communicate with [[Sue Todd]] and [[Cheri Seymour]]. He stated that the [[NSA|NSA]] was spying on [[Canada|Canadian]] citizens while [[Canada]] spied on [[United States|American]] citizens, both using [[ECHELON]] and trading data. The RCMP's spokesman Staff Sergeant Mike Gaudet said on August 25, 2000, that the inquiry had produced "absolutely nothing to date to indicate national security has been compromised in any way," and CSIS's Dan Lambert that the service had reviewed the matter in 1991 and never held a copy of the software;[2] the public record of the affair, from the 1991 origin to the 2000 disclosure, is on the [[Project Abbreviation]] page. Although he reportedly left the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] after his investigation was exposed in the *Toronto Star* in August 2000, [[Sue Todd]] indicated he ultimately returned to police work in his hometown.[1] +The rest of what is known of the inquiry comes from Seymour, who met McDade in Southern California on February 19, 2000, with the Hercules, California, detective [[Sue Todd]]. In her account the inquiry was authorized at the top of the force and well funded; McDade had learned of a meeting in December 1999 at [[Los Alamos National Laboratory|Los Alamos]], [[New Mexico]], of intelligence chiefs of the [[United States]], [[United Kingdom|Britain]], [[Israel]] and [[Canada]] on Y2K problems, and had been told by sources that the four countries shared one computer system, possibly PROMIS, and that the [[Mossad]] may have built a "two-way" back door into it. He told Seymour that Canadian officials might have bought the software unlawfully from officials of the [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] and [[George H.W. Bush|Bush]] administrations, that the RCMP had traced banking transactions supporting this, and that a successful inquiry "could cause the entire U.S. Republican Party to be dismantled." He spent three days copying her files before setting up a "war room" in [[Ottawa]], and over eight months interviewed former investigators and informants, among them [[Scott Lawrence]], whose Customs inquiry on the Maine border, "The Indo-China Project," had been closed after he and his supervisor, [[John (Tim) Kelly]], asked for grand juries to depose [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] officials. McDade believed he had been targeted by [[ECHELON]] while in the United States. Todd told Seymour that he later returned to police work in his hometown.[^1] ---- ### Footnotes -[1] Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010. -[2] Sallot, Jeff. "Mounties probe software allegations," *The Globe and Mail,* August 26, 2000. + +[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. Sole source for the passages attributed to Seymour and McDade. +[^2]: Lawton, Valerie, and Allan Thompson, "Spy computer 'trap' probed," *Toronto Star,* August 25, 2000; Thompson, Allan, and Valerie Lawton, "RCMP admit they're investigating 'trap'," *Toronto Star,* August 26, 2000; Lawton, Valerie, and Allan Thompson, "Mounties end probe of Promis," *Toronto Star,* September 16, 2000; texts as forwarded to the CTRL mailing list, https://www.mail-archive.com/ctrl@listserv.aol.com/msg49408.html, msg49544.html and msg50988.html; Sallot, Jeff, "Mounties probe software allegations," *The Globe and Mail,* August 26, 2000. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Stephen Kappes.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Stephen Kappes.md index 15f21888..09cba8f1 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Stephen Kappes.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Stephen Kappes.md @@ -7,6 +7,38 @@ tags: - PrivateMilitaryContractors summary: "Career CIA operations officer who headed the Directorate of Operations from 2002 to 2004, worked for ArmorGroup International, and returned as the agency's Deputy Director in 2006." born: 1951-08-22 +relations: + - type: member_of + with: "[[United States Marine Corps]]" + start: 1976 + role: "officer" + fn: 1 + - type: employed_by + with: "[[Central Intelligence Agency]]" + start: 1981-01 + role: "operations officer; Deputy Director for Operations 2002-2004" + fn: 1 + - type: employed_by + with: "[[ArmorGroup International]]" + start: 2005-04 + end: 2006-06 + role: "chief operating officer" + fn: 1 + - type: director_of + with: "[[ArmorGroup International]]" + start: 2005-11 + end: 2006-06 + fn: 1 + - type: employed_by + with: "[[Central Intelligence Agency]]" + start: 2006-07-24 + role: "Deputy Director" + fn: 1 + - type: director_of + with: "[[T-Mobile US]]" + end: 2021-06-22 + role: "national security director" + fn: 2 created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Steve Hanson.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Steve Hanson.md index 264e5952..d99a3d4f 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Steve Hanson.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Steve Hanson.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ summary: "Hanson was known to 'cool down' before a remote viewing session by rea --- -[[Steve Hanson]] was an Army civilian photo-interpreter and an early member of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Gondola Wish]] (later [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]]) remote viewing unit. He was a devout Christian and one of the four Army civilians in the initial group of candidates selected by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]].[^1] +[[Steve Hanson]] was an Army civilian photo-interpreter and an early member of the [[Stargate Project|Gondola Wish]] (later Grill Flame) remote viewing unit. He was a devout Christian and one of the four Army civilians in the initial group of candidates selected by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]].[^1] Hanson was known to "cool down" before a remote viewing session by reading Bible verses. However, he eventually faded from the remote viewing scene, as he had problems relaxing into the groove of remote viewing itself, often yanking himself out of the "zone" with worries about whether he was doing it correctly.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Steve Holloway.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Steve Holloway.md index 04543b32..ece3c2c8 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Steve Holloway.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Steve Holloway.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ summary: "Army civilian photo-interpreter and one of the original four candidate --- -[[Steve Holloway]] was an Army civilian photo-interpreter and an early member of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Gondola Wish]] (later [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]]) remote viewing unit. He was one of the four Army civilians in the initial group of candidates selected by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]].[^1] +[[Steve Holloway]] was an Army civilian photo-interpreter and an early member of the [[Stargate Project|Gondola Wish]] (later Grill Flame) remote viewing unit. He was one of the four Army civilians in the initial group of candidates selected by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]].[^1] --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ted Koppel.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ted Koppel.md index cc2affaa..5a59d5ef 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ted Koppel.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Ted Koppel.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ born: 1940-02-08 location: "Nelson, Lancashire, England" --- -#Ted Koppel is an American broadcast journalist, best known as the anchor and managing editor of *Nightline* from 1980 to 2005. On November 28, 1995, Koppel hosted a *Nightline* exposé that made the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Star Gate program]] public[^1]. +#Ted Koppel is an American broadcast journalist, best known as the anchor and managing editor of *Nightline* from 1980 to 2005. On November 28, 1995, Koppel hosted a *Nightline* exposé that made the [[Stargate Project|Star Gate program]] public[^1]. During the broadcast, Koppel interviewed [[Dale Graff]] of the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] and [[Robert Gates]] of the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]. Graff defended the integrity of the programs, while Gates downplayed their significance. Koppel also interviewed [[William Green]], a customs agent, who confirmed the story of how [[Angela Dellafiora]], a DIA psychic, had located [[Charles Frank Jordan]], an [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] Most Wanted Fugitive[^1]. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Vladimir Kotelnikov.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Vladimir Kotelnikov.md index 8bafc91f..98127c01 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Vladimir Kotelnikov.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Vladimir Kotelnikov.md @@ -9,6 +9,12 @@ tags: summary: "Soviet radio engineer and vice president of the USSR Academy of Sciences whom a 1987 DIA briefing quoted as saying Ninel Kulagina's psychokinetic abilities were real." died: 2005-02-11 location: "Moscow, Russia" +relations: + - type: member_of + with: "[[Soviet Academy of Sciences]]" + start: 1953 + role: "academician; vice president from 1969" + fn: 1 created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Yuri Kobzarev.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Yuri Kobzarev.md index 3b9b29a9..5ea8b4c7 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Yuri Kobzarev.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(H-M)/Yuri Kobzarev.md @@ -10,6 +10,12 @@ summary: "Soviet radar pioneer and academician whom a 1987 DIA briefing quoted a born: 1905-12-08 died: 1992-04-25 location: "Moscow, Russia" +relations: + - type: member_of + with: "[[Soviet Academy of Sciences]]" + start: 1970-11 + role: "academician" + fn: 1 created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- @@ -18,7 +24,7 @@ Yuri Borisovich Kobzarev was born on November 25 (December 8, New Style), 1905, ### In the DIA Briefing -A [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] briefing on Soviet psychoenergetics given to the [[United States Air Force|Air Force]] in 1987 quoted "Yu. B. Kobzerev," "radar pioneer, member USSR Academy of Science": "I am persuaded that the phenomena demonstrated by N. Kulagina (psychokinesis), and by L. Korabelnikova (extrasensory perception), are by no means tricks but rather the existence of the manifestation of unusual capabilities in man. My conviction is shared by many people including a group of professors and academicians."[^2] See [[Ninel Kulagina]], [[Vladimir Kotelnikov]] and [[Psychoenergetics]]. +A [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] briefing on Soviet psychoenergetics given to the [[United States Air Force|Air Force]] in 1987 quoted "Yu. B. Kobzerev," "radar pioneer, member [[Soviet Union|USSR]] Academy of Science": "I am persuaded that the phenomena demonstrated by N. Kulagina (psychokinesis), and by L. Korabelnikova (extrasensory perception), are by no means tricks but rather the existence of the manifestation of unusual capabilities in man. My conviction is shared by many people including a group of professors and academicians."[^2] See [[Ninel Kulagina]], [[Vladimir Kotelnikov]] and [[Psychoenergetics]]. ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Alan Patricof.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Alan Patricof.md index 7e87fccd..0002b384 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Alan Patricof.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Alan Patricof.md @@ -8,6 +8,21 @@ tags: - CouncilOnForeignRelations summary: "New York venture capitalist who founded Patricof & Co. Ventures, later Apax Partners, the firm whose 53rd Street Ventures fund invested in INSLAW about 1982." location: "New York City" +relations: + - type: founded + with: "[[Patricof and Company]]" + start: 1969 + fn: 1 + - type: director_of + with: "[[Boston Properties]]" + start: 1997-06-23 + fn: 1 + - type: director_of + with: "[[NTL]]" + fn: 1 + - type: member_of + with: "[[Council on Foreign Relations]]" + fn: 1 created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Albert Stubblebine.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Albert Stubblebine.md index 630d9ed6..54d8ba97 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Albert Stubblebine.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Albert Stubblebine.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ died: 2017-02-06 location: "New York, New York" --- -Major General Albert Newton Stubblebine III (February 6, 1930 - February 6, 2017) was a U.S. Army general who served as commanding general of the [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] from 1981 to 1984, during which he was the most senior American military officer publicly associated with belief in psychic phenomena and their military applications. His command authority provided the institutional protection that allowed the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] and Center Lane remote viewing programs to survive bureaucratic resistance and continue operating through the early 1980s. He died on his 87th birthday. +Major General Albert Newton Stubblebine III (February 6, 1930 - February 6, 2017) was a U.S. Army general who served as commanding general of the [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] from 1981 to 1984, during which he was the most senior American military officer publicly associated with belief in psychic phenomena and their military applications. His command authority provided the institutional protection that allowed the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] and Center Lane remote viewing programs to survive bureaucratic resistance and continue operating through the early 1980s. He died on his 87th birthday. ### Military Career diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Allen Raul Rudd.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Allen Raul Rudd.md index dd8e1656..f656224f 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Allen Raul Rudd.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Allen Raul Rudd.md @@ -8,19 +8,19 @@ tags: - Contra_War summary: Colombian trafficker turned government informant who reported Pablo Escobar's claims of a guns-for-drugs deal between the Medellin cartel and the Reagan administration involving Vice President George Bush. --- -Allen Raul Rudd was a Colombian trafficker turned government informant who reported to the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] that [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín cartel]] boss Pablo Escobar claimed the cartel had made a deal with Vice President George Bush to supply American weapons to the [[Contras]] in exchange for free passage for cocaine deliveries to the United States.[^1] +Allen Raul Rudd was a Colombian trafficker turned government informant who reported to the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] that [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín cartel]] boss Pablo Escobar claimed the cartel had made a deal with Vice President George Bush to supply American weapons to the [[Contras]] in exchange for free passage for cocaine deliveries to the United States.[^1] ### Escobar's Claims Rudd was questioned by Justice Department officials and the U.S. Attorney's office in Tampa during 1988 debriefings. In a February 1988 memo marked "Sensitive," Assistant U.S. Attorney Walter E. Furr told his boss that Rudd "is a very articulate individual and there has been no indication to date that he has not been totally candid. In a real sense his life is on the line for the cooperation he has given so far."[^1] -Rudd said that in the spring of 1987 he met in [[Medellin|Medellín]], [[Colombia]], with Escobar to arrange a drug deal. During their conversation at Escobar's home, the cocaine lord began railing against Bush and his South Florida Drug Task Force. "Escobar then stated that Bush is a traitor who used to deal with us, but now he is tough," Rudd told officials. Escobar described "an agreement or relationship between Bush and the American government and members of the Medellín cartel which resulted in planes similar to C-130s (but smaller) flying guns to the cartel in Colombia. According to Rudd, Escobar stated that the cartel then off-loaded the guns, put cocaine aboard the planes and the cocaine was taken to United States military base(s). The guns were delivered and sold to the Contras in [[Nicaragua]] by the Cartel."[^1] +Rudd said that in the spring of 1987 he met in [[Medellin|Medellín]], [[Colombia]], with Escobar to arrange a drug deal. During their conversation at Escobar's home, the cocaine lord began railing against Bush and his South Florida Drug Task Force. "Escobar then stated that Bush is a traitor who used to deal with us, but now he is tough," Rudd told officials. Escobar described "an agreement or relationship between Bush and the American government and members of the Medellín cartel which resulted in planes similar to C-130s (but smaller) flying guns to the cartel in Colombia. According to Rudd, Escobar stated that the cartel then off-loaded the guns, put cocaine aboard the planes and the cocaine was taken to United States military base(s). The guns were delivered and sold to the Contras in [[Nicaragua]] by the Cartel."[^1] Escobar explained "it was a swap of cocaine for guns." Rudd said Escobar did not explicitly say the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] was involved, "but that was the tenor of the conversation." Escobar stated the cartel members were "very supportive of the Contras and dislike the [[Sandinistas]] as they dislike the guerrillas which operate within Colombia."[^1] ### Photographic Evidence -Rudd claimed Escobar had photographic proof: "photographs of the planes containing the guns being unloaded in Columbia," and a picture of Bush posing with Medellín cartel leader Jorge Ochoa in front of suitcases full of money. Escobar stated "the photograph was genuine, it would stand up to any test" and "would be made public at the 'appropriate time.'" Rudd said the photo was being held as blackmail. By 1993 Escobar was dead and Ochoa was in jail; the photos, if they existed, were never heard of again.[^1] +Rudd claimed Escobar had photographic proof: "photographs of the planes containing the guns being unloaded in Columbia," and a picture of Bush posing with Medellín cartel leader Jorge Ochoa in front of suitcases full of money. Escobar stated "the photograph was genuine, it would stand up to any test" and "would be made public at the 'appropriate time.'" Rudd said the photo was being held as blackmail. By 1993 Escobar was dead and Ochoa was in jail; the photos, if they existed, were never heard of again.[^1] ### Aftermath diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Anastasio Somoza.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Anastasio Somoza.md index a6bfdd98..72ca1888 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Anastasio Somoza.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Anastasio Somoza.md @@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ Pezzullo assured Somoza the U.S. was "willing to do what we can to preserve the ### Exile -In the predawn hours of July 17, 1979, Somoza and his closest associates — top generals, business partners, and their families — boarded two jets and flew to [[Homestead Air Force Base]] in [[Florida]] to begin exile.[^1] The National Guard collapsed within hours, and Sandinista columns swarmed into the defenseless capital. +In the predawn hours of July 17, 1979, Somoza and his closest associates (top generals, business partners, and their families) boarded two jets and flew to [[Homestead Air Force Base]] in [[Florida]] to begin exile.[^1] The National Guard collapsed within hours, and Sandinista columns swarmed into the defenseless capital. ### Legacy -The dispersed National Guard officers became the founding cadre of the [[Contras]], reassembled by the CIA under [[Enrique Bermudez|Enrique Bermúdez]] starting in 1980.[^1] Officers from the Somoza-era National Guard, trained at U.S. military schools and steeped in anticommunism, formed the leadership of every major Contra faction. +The dispersed National Guard officers became the founding cadre of the [[Contras]], reassembled by the CIA under [[Enrique Bermudez|Enrique Bermúdez]] starting in 1980.[^1] Officers from the Somoza-era National Guard, trained at U.S. military schools and steeped in anticommunism, formed the leadership of every major Contra faction. ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Anthony Pearson.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Anthony Pearson.md index 0ba3cb0f..48c633cf 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Anthony Pearson.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Anthony Pearson.md @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ summary: "According to Mossad files, Pearson could also arrange assassinations f [[Anthony Pearson]] was a former British Special Airborne Service ([[SAS]]) officer who ran a company called [[Strategic Intelligence Services]], located in [[London]]. His firm provided espionage services to [[Israel]], among others.[^1] -[[Anthony Pearson|Pearson]] was known for recruiting mercenaries from [[Lafayette]], [[Louisiana]], and sending them to various parts of the world. His men were involved in helping the Muslim government's troops in southern [[Sudan]] fight against Christian-Animist revolutionaries in the early 1970s. In November 1981, some of his men participated in an unsuccessful coup in the [[Seychelles]], where they were arrested for bringing in AK-47s in golf bags.[^1] +Pearson was known for recruiting mercenaries from [[Lafayette]], [[Louisiana]], and sending them to various parts of the world. His men were involved in helping the Muslim government's troops in southern [[Sudan]] fight against Christian-Animist revolutionaries in the early 1970s. In November 1981, some of his men participated in an unsuccessful coup in the [[Seychelles]], where they were arrested for bringing in AK-47s in golf bags.[^1] -According to [[Mossad]] files, [[Anthony Pearson|Pearson]] could also arrange assassinations for $50,000, splitting the fee with a hit man recruited in [[Louisiana]].[^1] +According to [[Mossad]] files, Pearson could also arrange assassinations for $50,000, splitting the fee with a hit man recruited in Louisiana.[^1] -[[Anthony Pearson|Pearson]] recruited [[Nicholas Davies]], the London *Daily Mirror* foreign editor, for [[Mossad]] in the 1970s. He also worked with [[Mohammed Radi Abdullah]], a former colonel in the [[Jordan|Jordanian]] Army. [[Anthony Pearson|Pearson]] used [[Mohammed Radi Abdullah|Radi's]] unwitting help to acquire intelligence about Palestinian organizations in [[Europe]] by selling arms to them. This allowed [[Anthony Pearson|Pearson]] to pass intelligence to [[Mossad]] about the groups' movements and weapons. Based on [[Mohammed Radi Abdullah|Radi's]] tips, 14 or 15 Palestinians were eliminated over a two-month period.[^1] +Pearson recruited [[Nicholas Davies]], the London *[[Daily Mirror]]* foreign editor, for Mossad in the 1970s. He also worked with [[Mohammed Radi Abdullah]], a former colonel in the [[Jordan|Jordanian]] Army. Pearson used Radi's unwitting help to acquire intelligence about Palestinian organizations in [[Europe]] by selling arms to them. This allowed Pearson to pass intelligence to Mossad about the groups' movements and weapons. Based on Radi's tips, 14 or 15 Palestinians were eliminated over a two-month period.[^1] -In 1978, [[Anthony Pearson|Pearson]] offered [[Mohammed Radi Abdullah|Radi]] a £200,000 loan, making it clear the money came from an [[Israel|Israeli]] source, and recruited him to work for an antiterrorist group in [[Israel]] run by [[Rafi]].[^1] +In 1978, Pearson offered Radi a £200,000 loan, making it clear the money came from an Israeli source, and recruited him to work for an antiterrorist group in Israel run by [[Rafi]].[^1] ### Footnotes [^1]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network*. TrineDay, 1992. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Aristides Sanchez.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Aristides Sanchez.md index e4f7359d..c103f950 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Aristides Sanchez.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Aristides Sanchez.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ tags: summary: Wealthy Somoza-era landowner who became the head of supplies and logistics for the FDN, went on the CIA payroll, and allegedly served as the conduit for cocaine money from the Meneses drug ring in California. died: 1993 --- -Aristides Sanchez was a wealthy landowner under [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]] who became the head of supplies and logistics for the [[FDN]]. He went on the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] payroll in the early 1980s as an aide to [[Enrique Bermudez|Enrique Bermudez]] and allegedly served as the conduit for [[cocaine]] money flowing from the [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] drug ring in [[California]].[^1] He died in [[Miami]] in 1993.[^1] +Aristides Sanchez was a wealthy landowner under [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]] who became the head of supplies and logistics for the [[FDN]]. He went on the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] payroll in the early 1980s as an aide to [[Enrique Bermudez|Enrique Bermudez]] and allegedly served as the conduit for [[Cocaine]] money flowing from the [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] drug ring in [[California]].[^1] He died in [[Miami]] in 1993.[^1] ### Family Connections to the Meneses Network diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Charlie Rose.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Charlie Rose.md index 1252033b..07ac80f8 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Charlie Rose.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Charlie Rose.md @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ location: "North Carolina" summary: "North Carolina congressman on the House intelligence committee, briefed on the CIA and Army remote-viewing programs from 1978 to 1981, who pressed for their funding and later on the Finders case." --- -Charles Grandison Rose III (August 10, 1939 - September 4, 2012) was a Democratic congressman who represented [[North Carolina]]'s 7th congressional district for twenty-four years, from 1973 to 1997. He became a vocal public advocate for the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] remote viewing program and later, alongside Rep. [[Tom Lewis]] (R-FL), applied congressional pressure that contributed to the Department of Justice reopening its inquiry into [[The Finders]] case.[^1][^2] +Charles Grandison Rose III (August 10, 1939 - September 4, 2012) was a Democratic congressman who represented [[North Carolina]]'s 7th congressional district for twenty-four years, from 1973 to 1997. He became a vocal public advocate for the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] remote viewing program and later, alongside Rep. [[Tom Lewis]] (R-FL), applied congressional pressure that contributed to the Department of Justice reopening its inquiry into [[The Finders]] case.[^1][^2] ### Background diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Commander Narut.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Commander Narut.md index 73616000..33c7c6ad 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Commander Narut.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Commander Narut.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ location: Naples, Italy created: 2026-06-04 updated: 2026-06-04 --- -Thomas E. Narut was a [[U.S. Navy]] clinical psychologist stationed at the US Naval Regional Medical Center in [[Naples]], [[Italy]], who in June or July 1975 disclosed in private conversation at a [[NATO]] conference in [[Oslo]] that the Navy operated a program to select, condition, and deploy personnel as covert assassins. The disclosure appeared in the [[London]] Sunday Times on July 6, 1975, under the headline "The Strange Tale of Commander Narut," authored by Peter Watson, the paper's science correspondent. It was denied the same day by the Pentagon, and Narut partially retracted his most specific claim within days under institutional pressure. Watson never retracted the story.[^1] +Thomas E. Narut was a [[U.S. Navy]] clinical psychologist stationed at the US Naval Regional Medical Center in [[Naples]], [[Italy]], who in June or July 1975 disclosed in private conversation at a [[NATO]] conference in [[Oslo]] that the Navy operated a program to select, condition, and deploy personnel as covert assassins. The disclosure appeared in the [[London]] [[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]] on July 6, 1975, under the headline "The Strange Tale of Commander Narut," authored by Peter Watson, the paper's science correspondent. It was denied the same day by the Pentagon, and Narut partially retracted his most specific claim within days under institutional pressure. Watson never retracted the story.[^1] ### The NATO Conference diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Dagoberto Nunez.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Dagoberto Nunez.md index 03ac8c50..bbe074c3 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Dagoberto Nunez.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Dagoberto Nunez.md @@ -4,17 +4,17 @@ tags: - person - cuban - contra-war -summary: Dagoberto Nuñez was a Cuban Bay of Pigs veteran and CIA operative who worked with Oliver North in Costa Rica and was suspected of drug trafficking. +summary: Dagoberto Nuñez was a Cuban Bay of Pigs veteran and CIA operative who worked with Oliver North in Costa Rica and was suspected of drug trafficking. --- -Dagoberto Nuñez was a Cuban [[Bay of Pigs|Bay of Pigs]] veteran and [[Central Intelligence Agency]] operative who worked with [[Oliver North]] in [[Costa Rica]] and was suspected of drug trafficking. Nuñez's connections to both the intelligence community and the narcotics trade placed him at the intersection of the Contra war and the drug economy.[^1] +Dagoberto Nuñez was a Cuban [[Bay of Pigs|Bay of Pigs]] veteran and [[Central Intelligence Agency]] operative who worked with [[Oliver North]] in [[Costa Rica]] and was suspected of drug trafficking. Nuñez's connections to both the intelligence community and the narcotics trade placed him at the intersection of the Contra war and the drug economy.[^1] ### CIA and NSC Connections -Nuñez obtained a contract with H&M Corp. to cover an intelligence-gathering operation aimed at Nicaraguan president [[Daniel Ortega]]. According to a 1986 memo from CIA operative [[Robert Owen|Rob Owen]] to North, Nuñez was preparing to sign an agreement for shrimping rights off the Pacific Coast of [[Nicaragua]]. "Nuñez is doing this so he can help us. He will cooperate and do anything we ask," Owen told North. When questioned about his activities, Nuñez revealed that since 1985 he had engaged in a clandestine relationship with the [[National Security Council]], but refused to elaborate on his involvement in narcotics trafficking because of the specific tasks he had performed at the NSC's direction. CIA headquarters ordered an immediate halt to his questioning.[^2] +Nuñez obtained a contract with H&M Corp. to cover an intelligence-gathering operation aimed at Nicaraguan president [[Daniel Ortega]]. According to a 1986 memo from CIA operative [[Robert Owen|Rob Owen]] to North, Nuñez was preparing to sign an agreement for shrimping rights off the Pacific Coast of [[Nicaragua]]. "Nuñez is doing this so he can help us. He will cooperate and do anything we ask," Owen told North. When questioned about his activities, Nuñez revealed that since 1985 he had engaged in a clandestine relationship with the [[National Security Council]], but refused to elaborate on his involvement in narcotics trafficking because of the specific tasks he had performed at the NSC's direction. CIA headquarters ordered an immediate halt to his questioning.[^2] ### Drug Trafficking Connections -[[John Hull]], a CIA-connected rancher in Costa Rica, hid at the apartment of Nuñez after legal troubles. Nuñez was one of several Cuban [[Bay of Pigs]] veterans the CIA deployed to [[Central America]] for Contra operations, bringing with them established connections to the drug trade. His case illustrated how the CIA protected operatives involved in narcotics trafficking by suppressing investigations.[^3] +[[John Hull]], a CIA-connected rancher in Costa Rica, hid at the apartment of Nuñez after legal troubles. Nuñez was one of several Cuban Bay of Pigs veterans the CIA deployed to [[Central America]] for Contra operations, bringing with them established connections to the drug trade. His case illustrated how the CIA protected operatives involved in narcotics trafficking by suppressing investigations.[^3] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Daniel Ortega.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Daniel Ortega.md index 08fc2c0e..918861a0 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Daniel Ortega.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Daniel Ortega.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Daniel Ortega was the [[Sandinistas|Sandinista]] president of [[Nicaragua]] whos ### Target of Covert Operations -The entire Contra war was designed to destabilize and ultimately overthrow Ortega's government. CIA agent [[Dagoberto Nunez|Dagoberto Nuñez]] obtained a contract with H&M Corp. to cover an intelligence-gathering operation aimed at Ortega, preparing to sign an agreement for shrimping rights off the Pacific Coast of Nicaragua as cover for espionage. The [[Central Intelligence Agency]] employed multiple schemes to gather intelligence on Ortega, including attempts to [[Jorge Ochoa|recruit Colombian drug lords]] to publicly implicate him in drug trafficking. The DEA sent agent James Kible to visit jailed [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín Cartel]] boss Jorge Ochoa in [[Spain]] to persuade him to implicate the Sandinistas.[^2] +The entire Contra war was designed to destabilize and ultimately overthrow Ortega's government. CIA agent [[Dagoberto Nunez|Dagoberto Nuñez]] obtained a contract with H&M Corp. to cover an intelligence-gathering operation aimed at Ortega, preparing to sign an agreement for shrimping rights off the Pacific Coast of Nicaragua as cover for espionage. The [[Central Intelligence Agency]] employed multiple schemes to gather intelligence on Ortega, including attempts to [[Jorge Ochoa|recruit Colombian drug lords]] to publicly implicate him in drug trafficking. The DEA sent agent James Kible to visit jailed [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín Cartel]] boss Jorge Ochoa in [[Spain]] to persuade him to implicate the Sandinistas.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Don Porter.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Don Porter.md index 9c888b2e..3846099c 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Don Porter.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Don Porter.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ tags: summary: "Don Porter was an official with INSCOM at Arlington Hall." --- -Don Porter was an official with [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] at Arlington Hall. He tasked the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] remote viewers with precognitive missions, seeking to gain intelligence on future events.[^1] +Don Porter was an official with [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] at Arlington Hall. He tasked the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] remote viewers with precognitive missions, seeking to gain intelligence on future events.[^1] In one notable instance, Porter asked [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] to have his remote viewers predict the outcome of secret talks between military and civilian officials from North and South Korea, to be held in a farmhouse in the demilitarized zone. Porter wanted to know the North Korean delegates' negotiating strategies and how far they could be pushed.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Don Sinicco.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Don Sinicco.md index cc432121..19546b64 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Don Sinicco.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Don Sinicco.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ In late 1983, Calero called Sinicco because of his letter-writing campaign to Sa ### Encounter with Norwin Meneses -At a dinner at Caesar's Italian Restaurant after the yacht club event, [[Norwin Meneses]] paid the entire bill. Sinicco initially assumed one of the Cuban anti-Communists in the group had paid. At a cocktail party for Calero two days later, Sinicco photographed Calero in the kitchen huddled by the refrigerator with Meneses and FDN officials. When Sinicco snapped the picture, Meneses glared at him rather than smiling. Meneses began attending USACA meetings and made contributions — $160 in cash, plus picking up a $324.20 dinner tab.[^1] +At a dinner at Caesar's Italian Restaurant after the yacht club event, [[Norwin Meneses]] paid the entire bill. Sinicco initially assumed one of the Cuban anti-Communists in the group had paid. At a cocktail party for Calero two days later, Sinicco photographed Calero in the kitchen huddled by the refrigerator with Meneses and FDN officials. When Sinicco snapped the picture, Meneses glared at him rather than smiling. Meneses began attending USACA meetings and made contributions: $160 in cash, plus picking up a $324.20 dinner tab.[^1] Sinicco kept meticulous records of USACA's activities, including attendance records, meeting minutes, and handwritten talking points listing "seven successes," including "Mr. Meneces' [sic] contribution." Sinicco said he never suspected Meneses was involved in criminal activities but noticed Ainsworth becoming disillusioned: "What always bothered me about Dennis is that towards the end, I don't know what, he seemed to get disillusioned or disgusted with Calero."[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Fernando Sanchez.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Fernando Sanchez.md index 529b1271..c8ddc355 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Fernando Sanchez.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Fernando Sanchez.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ tags: - 1980s summary: Former Nicaraguan ambassador to Guatemala and the FDN's representative in that country during the Contra war, identified by the FBI in 1982 as one of the cocaine suppliers to the Contra drug operation in San Francisco and brother of FDN officials Aristides and Troilo Sanchez. --- -Fernando Sanchez was the former [[Nicaragua|Nicaraguan]] ambassador to [[Guatemala]] under [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]] and served as the [[FDN]]'s representative in Guatemala during the Contra war.[^1] He was identified by the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] in 1982 as one of the [[cocaine]] suppliers to the Contra drug operation in [[San Francisco]].[^2] +Fernando Sanchez was the former [[Nicaragua|Nicaraguan]] ambassador to [[Guatemala]] under [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]] and served as the [[FDN]]'s representative in Guatemala during the Contra war.[^1] He was identified by the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] in 1982 as one of the [[Cocaine]] suppliers to the Contra drug operation in [[San Francisco]].[^2] ### Family Connections diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Francis Shelden.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Francis Shelden.md index 342b292d..9d20f9a7 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Francis Shelden.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Francis Shelden.md @@ -3,20 +3,46 @@ category: "Key Figures" tags: - Person - OrganizedCrime -summary: "Francis Duffield Shelden, born September 5, 1928, in Wayne County, Michigan, was a member of an old money establishment family; his great-grandfather on his father's side was Michigan governor and U.S." + - ChildTrafficking + - Michigan +summary: "Ann Arbor millionaire, owner of North Fox Island and director of Brother Paul's Children's Mission, who fled Michigan charges of sexual conduct with boys in 1976 and died in Amsterdam." born: 1928-09-05 died: 1996-07-09 -location: "Wayne County, Michigan, USA" +location: + - "Ann Arbor, Michigan" + - "Amsterdam, Netherlands" +relations: + - type: owned + with: "[[North Fox Island]]" + fn: 1 + - type: director_of + with: "[[Brother Paul's Children's Mission]]" + fn: 1 + - type: funded + with: "[[Father Bud's Boys Farm]]" + role: "listed sponsor" + fn: 1 +created: 2026-04-28 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -Francis Duffield Shelden, born September 5, 1928, in Wayne County, Michigan, was a member of an old money establishment family; his great-grandfather on his father's side was Michigan governor and U.S. Senator [[Russell A. Alger]], who served as Secretary of War from 1897-1899, and on his mother's side were the Duffields, an industrial dynasty. As such, Shelden was endowed with a trust fund that supported a leisurely life of philanthropy focused on youth charities. He worked part-time as a geology professor at Wayne State University, served on the board of the private Cranbrook Institute arts academy and boarding school, and volunteered with Big Brother programs. He owned commercial properties and had a net worth allowing him to pursue interests in sea-steading and offshore banking. Shelden fled Michigan in late 1976 amid investigations into his child pornography operations and was granted Dutch citizenship, protecting him from extradition. He died on July 9, 1996, in Amsterdam, at age 67.[^1] -### Criminal Operations -Shelden financed and operated child pornography and prostitution networks, using fronts like [[Brother Paul's Children's Mission]] on [[North Fox Island]], a private island he owned 17 miles off Michigan's Leelanau Peninsula, incorporated via the [[The Church of New Revelation]] in [[New Jersey]]. The camp, established as a non-profit subsidiary for juvenile delinquents, facilitated sex acts and photography; in July 1976, Shelden flew four boys aged 8-14 from Port Huron to the island for a weekend of abuse. He sponsored The Educational Foundation for Youth in Illinois, deriving tax-exempt status from the offshore [[The Church of New Revelation]], soliciting "sponsors" via mail for pornography produced at the camp, with boys advertised in newsletters like [[Better Life Monthly]] and [[Hermes]]. Shelden used an airstrip in Charlevoix, Michigan, for transporting boys, and another in St. Clair County for trips like the July 12, 1976, flight. He corresponded with pedophiles like [[Gerald Richards]], providing boys for sex and films, and was linked to [[Father Bud's Boys Farm]] in Tennessee, where he appeared on a sponsor list seized in November 1976. Richards' September 1976 network diagram placed Shelden centrally in a nationwide child porn operation spanning states and Europe. Shelden wrote for Better Life Monthly under the name Frank Torey and financed [[Hermes]], distributed by F&S in California. In Amsterdam, post-1976, he published PAN ([[PAN Magazine]]) from 1979 under Frank Torey, platforming [[Spartacus International]]'s child sex tourism and brothels. He transferred assets to [[The Trust Company]] of the Virgin Islands in 1976, appointing [[Edward Brongersma]] as trustee in 1978. Shelden's operations involved grooming via magic shows, foster homes, and Big Brother programs; he was implicated in 8mm films, including a snuff film of [[Timothy King]], per [[Richard Lawson]]'s 1988 and 2005 statements, verified by Dutch police linking Shelden and Kim Tam Ang to 1993 Amsterdam investigations.[^1] +Francis Duffield Shelden, the bachelor heir of a prominent Detroit-area family, was a part-time university professor, a former director of the Cranbrook Institute of Science, and a board member of [[Boys Republic]], a residential center for troubled boys in Farmington Hills; a 1975 newspaper interview described him as devoting much of his time to Big Brothers, which later denied he had been connected with it. He was the sole owner of [[North Fox Island]], 835 acres in Leelanau County off Grand Traverse Bay, assessed at 312,000 dollars.[^1] His great-grandfather was [[Russell A. Alger]], governor of [[Michigan]] and Secretary of War.[^2] -### Connections -Shelden connected to [[John David Norman]] via Better Life Monthly and [[Hermes]], funding their [[Delta Project]]/[[Odyssey Network]] for boy prostitution. [[Gerald Richards]] met Shelden through a magic show ad in Better Life Monthly, exchanging boys and producing porn at Shelden's Ann Arbor estate and [[North Fox Island]]; Richards processed films from [[Father Bud's Boys Farm]] for Shelden's network. [[Dyer Grossman]], a science teacher, co-drafted [[Brother Paul's Children's Mission]] charter and corresponded with Shelden on foster homes and procuring boys via Big Brother programs. [[Adam Starchild]] ([[Malcolm Willis McConahy]]) incorporated [[Brother Paul's Children's Mission]] and The [[Ocean Living Institute]], fronts for Shelden's operations; Starchild faked his death in 1975. Shelden linked to [[Troop 137]] in [[New Orleans]], via [[Cladius Vermilye]] of [[Father Bud's Boys Farm]], with [[Richard Halvorsen]] and [[Raymond Woodall]]; Halvorsen invited to the farm, and [[John Reed Campbell]]'s case connected to [[Harry Connick]]. +### Brother Paul's Children's Mission -[[Josiah Tazelaar]], arrested January 1977, procured boys for Shelden; Tazelaar lived near [[Timothy King]]'s family and linked to [[Titus "Duffy" Jones]], roommate of [[Ted Lamborgine]], per 2005 OCCK investigation. [[Kent Gilbert Schultz]], arrested October 1977, was a pedophile in Highland Park near Tazelaar's address. In the [[Oakland County Child Killer]] case, Shelden financed films by [[Robert Moore]], per [[Richard Lawson]]; Lawson saw photos of [[Timothy King]] with [[Ted Lamborgine]] at Moore's. Shelden's estate trustee [[Edward Brongersma]] was a Dutch Senator advocating pedophilia legalization. In Amsterdam, Shelden partnered with [[John Stamford]] of [[Spartacus International]] for [[PAN (Paedo Alert News)]] and child sex tourism, linking to [[Elm Guest House]] via [[Peter Glencross]]. 1993 Dutch probe named Shelden with Kim Tam Ang in child porn/sexual offenses against minors, confirming Lawson's claims.[^1] +[[Brother Paul's Children's Mission]], incorporated in 1975 to prevent juvenile delinquency "through the philosophy of naturopathy and naturalism," ran a nature camp on North Fox Island under the auspices of [[The Church of New Revelation|the Church of the New Revelation]] of Kearny, [[New Jersey]]. Its president and camp director was [[Gerald Richards]], a Port Huron physical education teacher; its vice president was [[Dyer Grossman]], a New York science teacher; Shelden was a director. The church and the [[Ocean Living Institute]], both incorporated in Delaware in 1974, and the Educational Foundation for Youth of Illinois had been granted tax exemptions by the Internal Revenue Service without investigation; incorporation papers named [[Adam Starchild]], an alias according to New Jersey authorities, as president of the church and the institute, trustee of the foundation and principal incorporator of Brother Paul's. The camp never applied for a state license.[^1] + +After Richards's arrest in July 1976, in possession of pornographic films, he told police that the church, the institute and the foundation were fronts for producing child pornography, and that Shelden was a staff writer for *[[Better Life Monthly]]*, advertised as "a monthly paper serving the interest of pedophiles." Police found a letter attributed to Grossman proposing "child care" sites in eight states and the District of Columbia and noting that counties would pay up to 150 dollars a month per boy, states 400 dollars and federal agencies 700 dollars. State troopers raided Shelden's Ann Arbor home on July 29 and found nothing new; the Traverse City post could not get a warrant for the island. Richards was sentenced to two to ten years in Jackson Prison. Shelden was charged with criminal sexual conduct with a fourteen-year-old boy at Port Huron and with an eight-year-old Port Huron boy on North Fox Island, and Grossman with acts with two Port Huron boys; both became the subjects of federal flight warrants.[^1] + +### The Wider Network + +Richards's films led Tennessee authorities to raid Boys Farm Inc. near Alto, the [[Father Bud's Boys Farm]] of the Episcopal priest Claudius I. "Bud" [[Cladius Vermilye|Vermilye]] Jr., who was indicted on sixteen counts; its list of more than 270 "active sponsors" included Shelden. Vermilye's eldest son had disappeared on July 5, 1974. In [[New Orleans]], the leader of Boy Scout [[Troop 137]], Richard Halverson, and twelve other men, including the Massachusetts industrialist [[Richard C. Jacobs]] of Jet Spray Corporation and the realtor Hugh Scott Mellor, were charged with conspiracy; Halverson, a volunteer probation officer, had drawn up applications for state and federal money for homes for boys, and the Louisiana and Tennessee welfare departments had paid for children placed with the groups. "It seems to be like spider webs strung out all over the nation," said the New Orleans juvenile detective Mason Spong. Correspondence and films seized in the raids came "from Australia and Canada and virtually every state in the Union."[^1] + +### Amsterdam + +Shelden settled in [[Amsterdam]], became a Dutch citizen, and was not extradited. There, under the name Frank Torey, he published *[[PAN Magazine|PAN]]* from 1979, and he named the Dutch senator [[Edward Brongersma]] trustee of his assets in 1978. [[Richard Lawson]], an informant in the investigation of the [[Oakland County Child Killer|Oakland County child killings]], later alleged that Shelden financed films of abused boys, among them the murdered [[Timothy King]]; the allegation has not been corroborated. Shelden died in Amsterdam on July 9, 1996.[^2] ### Footnotes -[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). Eye of the Chickenhawk. United States: Thehotstar. \ No newline at end of file + +[^1]: Wright, Marilyn. "Porno Ring Uses Church, Tax Laws," "Porn Ring Finds Gaps in Child Camp Laws" and "Porno Ring Weaves International 'Web'." *Traverse City Record-Eagle,* 1976-1977, reprinted in U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Crime. *Sexual Exploitation of Children,* hearings, 95th Congress, 1st session, Serial No. 12, 1977. https://archive.org/details/micro_IA41153502_0041 +[^2]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. Sole source for the passages so cited. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela.md index 5bb67f87..c32c7d87 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela.md @@ -3,24 +3,42 @@ category: "Organized Crime" tags: - Person - OrganizedCrime - - Cartel -summary: "Rodriguez Orejuela's influence extended beyond drug trafficking into financial and political spheres." + - CaliCartel + - Colombia + - Extradition +summary: "Co-leader, with his brother Miguel, of the Cali cartel, whose lawyers Michael Abbell and William Moran were convicted of laundering the organization's money." born: 1939-01-31 died: 2022 location: "Mariquita, Tolima, Colombia" +relations: + - type: head_of + with: "[[Cali Drug Cartel]]" + role: "with his brother Miguel" + fn: 2 + - type: relative_of + with: "[[Miguel Rodriguez Orejuela]]" + role: "brother" + fn: 2 +created: 2025-08-05 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -[[Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela]] was a prominent leader of the [[Cali Drug Cartel]], a powerful Colombian drug trafficking organization that, by 1994, was estimated to control 80% of the world's cocaine trade. He was often referred to simply as "Gilberto" in the context of investigations into the cartel's activities.[1] -Rodriguez Orejuela's influence extended beyond drug trafficking into financial and political spheres. He reportedly owned the Northside Bank of Miami, which was used to launder the cartel's substantial profits. His political reach was highlighted by allegations that [[Ernesto Samper Pizano]], the newly elected president of [[Colombia]], accepted $3.7 million in campaign funds from Rodriguez, effectively aligning the president with the drug lords.[1] +Gilberto Rodríguez Orejuela and his brother [[Miguel Rodriguez Orejuela|Miguel]] were the heads of the [[Cali Drug Cartel]].[^2] -He was a significant target of a major [[DEA|DEA]] Centac investigation, which led to his indictment in Los Angeles and New York in 1978. However, these cases reportedly did not progress beyond the indictment phase, and the Centac 21 task force was dismantled during the [[Ronald Reagan]] and [[George H.W. Bush]] administrations. This lack of sustained prosecution led to suspicions among disgruntled [[DEA|DEA]] agents of a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] connection.[1] +### Arrests and Extradition -Rodriguez Orejuela's name was also linked to a "cocaine summit conference" in Panama City in the early 1980s, where he appeared as a delegation leader. Despite his prominent role, his name was later removed from [[DEA|DEA]] reports under the Reagan administration.[1] +Rodríguez Orejuela was arrested in [[Spain]] in November 1984 and extradited from Spain to [[Colombia]] in 1986; while he was in a Spanish prison he met the lawyer William Moran, who was visiting another client, [[Jorge Luis Ochoa]], and who represented the brothers in the [[United States]] from then on. He was indicted in the mid-1980s in the Eastern District of Louisiana, and the United States asked Colombia to extradite him; in 1990 the Colombian Supreme Court declared the extradition treaty with the United States unconstitutional. He was added to the Miami case *United States v. Austin* by a superseding indictment of September 28, 1994. As of 1997 he had never appeared before an American court.[^2] According to [[Cheri Seymour]], he and [[Jose Santacruz Londono|José Santacruz Londoño]] had been targets of the [[DEA]]'s Centac 21 task force, which obtained indictments in [[Los Angeles]] and New York in 1978 that went no further; the task force was disbanded, and some DEA agents suspected a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] connection. She also wrote that he led a delegation to a "cocaine summit conference" in [[Panama City]] in the early 1980s, that his name was later removed from DEA reports, and that he owned the Northside Bank of Miami.[^1] -His activities became a critical focus of investigative journalist [[Danny Casolaro]]'s "[[The Octopus]]" probe. Casolaro had uncovered a connection between Rodriguez Orejuela, [[Michael Abbell]] (a former [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] official), and [[Robert Booth Nichols]] (an international intelligence operative) shortly before his death. [[Michael Riconosciuto]] claimed that Nichols paid Abbell to "crowbar" the extradition of Rodriguez Orejuela and [[Jose Santacruz Londono|Jose Londono]], as they were considered "intelligence people."[1] +### The Lawyers -Rodriguez Orejuela was prosecuted and served a prison term following an indictment unsealed in Miami on June 6, 1995, for laundering money for the Cali Cartel. Surveillance reports indicated his frequent visits to his home in Bogota, Colombia.[1] +Rodríguez Orejuela and his brother were clients of [[Michael Abbell]], a former director of the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]]'s Office of International Affairs, and of Moran. A Customs affidavit of 1994 described their lawyers as defending arrested employees "in order to assure the organization that these individuals will [sic] not cooperate," passing on information about the government's investigations, paying the families of those arrested and obtaining affidavits "which falsely exculpate Miguel and Gilberto Rodríguez-Orejuela." Abbell was convicted in 1998 of conspiring to launder the organization's money.[^2][^3] [[Michael Riconosciuto]] told Seymour that [[Robert Booth Nichols]] had paid Abbell to "crowbar" the extradition of Rodríguez Orejuela and Santacruz Londoño because they were "intelligence people."[^1] + +### Politics + +The Colombian president [[Ernesto Samper Pizano]] was accused of accepting 3.7 million dollars in campaign funds from Rodríguez Orejuela.[^1] ---- ### Footnotes -[1] Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010. \ No newline at end of file + +[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. Sole source for the Centac, Panama, Northside Bank and Samper passages and for Riconosciuto's claim. +[^2]: *United States v. Abbell,* 963 F. Supp. 1178 (S.D. Fla. 1997), notes 22 and 24. https://openjurist.org/963/fsupp/1178 +[^3]: *United States v. Abbell,* 271 F.3d 1286 (11th Cir. 2001). https://openjurist.org/271/f3d/1286 diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Hal Puthoff.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Hal Puthoff.md index f758f907..7f4562a1 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Hal Puthoff.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Hal Puthoff.md @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ born: 1936-06-20 location: "Chicago, Illinois" --- -Harold E. "Hal" Puthoff (born June 20, 1936) is a physicist and engineer who co-founded the [[Stanford Research Institute]] remote viewing research program with [[Russell Targ]] in 1972 under [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] contract and served as its principal investigator through 1985. The program, which operated under the code names SCANATE, Gondola Wish, and [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] before consolidating as STAR GATE under [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] oversight, represented the primary U.S. government institutional effort to investigate anomalous cognition for intelligence applications over two decades. Puthoff subsequently contributed technical research to the [[Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program|AATIP]] Pentagon program and became a founding member of To the Stars Academy of Arts and Science. +Harold E. "Hal" Puthoff (born June 20, 1936) is a physicist and engineer who co-founded the [[Stanford Research Institute]] remote viewing research program with [[Russell Targ]] in 1972 under [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] contract and served as its principal investigator through 1985. The program, which operated under the code names SCANATE, Gondola Wish, and [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] before consolidating as STAR GATE under [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] oversight, represented the primary U.S. government institutional effort to investigate anomalous cognition for intelligence applications over two decades. Puthoff subsequently contributed technical research to the [[Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program|AATIP]] Pentagon program and became a founding member of To the Stars Academy of Arts and Science. ### Early Career diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Harry Soyster.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Harry Soyster.md index 44353586..e4783b49 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Harry Soyster.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Harry Soyster.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ summary: "Major General Harry Soyster was the INSCOM commander who ultimately en born: 1935-06-06 location: "Altoona, Pennsylvania, USA" --- -Major General [[Harry Soyster]] was the [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] commander who ultimately ended the [[U.S. Army]]'s participation in the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]]. His decision marked a significant turning point for the program, leading to its eventual transfer and later declassification.[^1] +Major General [[Harry Soyster]] was the [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] commander who ultimately ended the [[U.S. Army]]'s participation in the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]]. His decision marked a significant turning point for the program, leading to its eventual transfer and later declassification.[^1] --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Howard Rosenberg.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Howard Rosenberg.md index 1d61fd78..39ac4b55 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Howard Rosenberg.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Howard Rosenberg.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Howard Rosenberg was a staff member for *60 Minutes*, a prominent American telev Morehouse, a former member of the [[Remote Viewing]] unit, was preparing to do an interview with *60 Minutes* in which he would claim that the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]]'s remote-viewing program at [[Fort Meade]] had made him crazy. Rosenberg's interview was part of the newsmagazine's investigation into the program[^1]. -However, *60 Minutes* ultimately decided not to air the show because the [[STARGATE PROJECT|DIA]] remote-viewing program was still classified, and Rosenberg could not find other sources to corroborate that the program even existed. Rosenberg later recalled that "No one would talk about it on the record... and the principal promoter of the story [David Morehouse], and of the program, was of questionable credibility and seemed to me to have multiple agendas"[^1]. +However, *60 Minutes* ultimately decided not to air the show because the [[Stargate Project|DIA]] remote-viewing program was still classified, and Rosenberg could not find other sources to corroborate that the program even existed. Rosenberg later recalled that "No one would talk about it on the record... and the principal promoter of the story [David Morehouse], and of the program, was of questionable credibility and seemed to me to have multiple agendas"[^1]. ### Footnotes [^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Jake Stewart.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Jake Stewart.md index 5b65822d..ddc09b64 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Jake Stewart.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Jake Stewart.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - RemoteViewer summary: "In September 1979, Stewart brought Hal Puthoff and Skip Atwater satellite photographs of a large industrial facility at the port of Severodvinsk in northern Russia." --- -[[Jake Stewart]] was a Navy lieutenant commander on the [[National Security Council|National Security Council]] staff during the [[Jimmy Carter]] administration. He was an enthusiastic supporter of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program and played a key role in tasking remote viewers with sensitive intelligence problems.[^1] +[[Jake Stewart]] was a Navy lieutenant commander on the [[National Security Council|National Security Council]] staff during the [[Jimmy Carter]] administration. He was an enthusiastic supporter of the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program and played a key role in tasking remote viewers with sensitive intelligence problems.[^1] In September 1979, Stewart brought [[Hal Puthoff]] and [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] satellite photographs of a large industrial facility at the port of Severodvinsk in northern [[Soviet Union|Russia]]. He tasked the remote viewers, particularly [[Joe McMoneagle]], to determine what was happening inside Building 402, a massive structure at the facility. McMoneagle's remote viewing sessions accurately described a very large submarine under construction, including its unique features and even the method of its launch. This information, later confirmed by satellite photos, sparked a lively debate within the NSC about the value of remote viewing, with Stewart being a strong believer in its utility as a national asset.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Janice Rand.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Janice Rand.md index 77762a14..be44169e 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Janice Rand.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Janice Rand.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tags: - Stargate summary: "Army captain selected for the Gondola Wish/Grill Flame remote viewing unit at INSCOM Fort Meade." --- -[[Janice Rand]] was an Army captain who worked in one of the [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] offices at [[Fort Meade]]. She was among the initial group of ten or eleven candidates selected by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]] for the experimental [[STARGATE PROJECT|Gondola Wish]] (later [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]]) remote viewing unit.[^1] +[[Janice Rand]] was an Army captain who worked in one of the [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] offices at [[Fort Meade]]. She was among the initial group of ten or eleven candidates selected by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]] for the experimental [[Stargate Project|Gondola Wish]] (later Grill Flame) remote viewing unit.[^1] --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Jean-Michel Nihoul.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Jean-Michel Nihoul.md index 861e67b4..171e0447 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Jean-Michel Nihoul.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Jean-Michel Nihoul.md @@ -4,57 +4,51 @@ tags: - Person - Belgium - Dutroux -summary: "Jean-Michel Nihoul (born 1941) was a Belgian businessman, political fixer, and organized crime figure described as a 'quasi-underworld figure' who operated at the intersection of organized crime, politics, and child trafficking networks during the 1980s and 1990s." + - Informant +summary: "Brussels swindler, sex-party regular and gendarmerie informant charged in 1996 as Marc Dutroux's link to a network; acquitted of the kidnappings in 2004 and jailed for drug trafficking." born: 1941-04-23 died: 2019-10-23 -location: "Belgium" +location: "Brussels, Belgium" +relations: + - type: partner_of + with: "[[Marleen De Cokere]]" + role: "companion" + fn: 5 + - type: director_of + with: "[[Achats Services Commerces]]" + start: 1994 + role: "de facto manager" + fn: 1 +created: 2026-04-28 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- +Michel Nihoul, a Brussels businessman and fraudster, was arrested in August 1996 in the investigation of [[Marc Dutroux]] and for years was held to be the man who connected Dutroux to a protected network. The Belgian parliamentary commission of inquiry into the Dutroux affair devoted a section of its 1998 report to "the relational network of M. Nihoul."[^1] -Jean-Michel Nihoul (born 1941) was a Belgian businessman, political fixer, and organized crime figure described as a "quasi-underworld figure" who operated at the intersection of organized crime, politics, and child trafficking networks during the 1980s and 1990s. He served as the ringleader of a sophisticated child trafficking network connected to [[Marc Dutroux]], operating under the cover of legitimate businesses while creating a system of sexual blackmail that extended to the highest levels of Belgian society.[^1] +### Record and Relations -### Criminal Operations +The Brussels court of appeal sentenced Nihoul on May 6, 1976, to a year in prison for fraudulent bankruptcy and swindling. A Brussels commercial court declared him bankrupt on May 11, 1989, noting three earlier bankruptcies; its list of creditors included a doctor, convicted in Liège in 1981 of malversation at the Centre médical de l'Est, who had given Nihoul about five million francs, withdrawn in Switzerland, to bribe the judges of the court of appeal that was to hear his case. The bribe was not paid, the doctor received a heavier sentence on appeal, and Nihoul used the money, at least in part, to open the Brussels bar Le Clin d'Oeil. On December 30, 1996, he was sentenced to three years for swindling and embezzlement through the charity SOS Sahel, whose donations, the court found, had largely disappeared into his personal fortune.[^1] Witnesses at his 2004 trial described him as an incorrigible swindler who organized sex parties and ran a fish business.[^2] -Nihoul's criminal enterprise centered around his secondhand car exporting business called [[Achats Services Commerces]] (ASCO), which owned a fleet of white Mercedes-Benz vehicles. These company cars were used in operations involving the surveillance and kidnapping of school girls in the same locations where Dutroux was operating. The business was managed by Frenchman [[Jean-Louis Delamotte]], an old acquaintance from the Brussels sex party scene, and was founded by [[Michel Forgeot]], manager of the bar [[Le Dolo]], and [[Marleen De Cokere]], Nihoul's life companion. The business went bankrupt in October 1995 after financial difficulties, and Nihoul was banned from holding management positions due to previous fraud convictions.[^1] +From 1981 he was a client of a sex club at 145 rue des Atrébates in Etterbeek, whose clientele, the commission found, included people open to blackmail by Nihoul because of their professions or positions; when it closed in 1983 the same couple opened [[Le Dolo]] nearby, which Nihoul also frequented and which was shut in September 1996. The Dolo's operator organized two evenings with sex parties at the Château de Faulx-les-Tombes, then owned by the commune of Etterbeek, with the Etterbeek police keeping order outside; Nihoul took part, and in 1983 or 1984 he and his companion lived at the château for a month at the invitation of the mayor of Etterbeek. The commission called this "the perfect example" of a relaxation of norms "not only tolerated by public authorities, but even encouraged." It also placed him among the clients of the establishment at the center of the "cocaïne dorée" drug case of 1983 to 1985.[^1] -Nihoul operated as a low-level political fixer with contacts to national politicians, managing electoral campaigns for [[Jean-Louis Delamotte]] and [[Jean-Paul Dumont]] in the late 1970s. He had connections to former Belgian Prime Minister [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]] and associated with prominent figures from Belgium's Christian Social Party (CSP). His political connections provided cover for his extensive criminal operations, which included hosting lavish sex parties at a rented chateau in the Ardennes during the 1980s, attended by prominent businessmen, lawyers, doctors, and government officials. He regularly videotaped these parties for blackmail purposes and operated out of [[Le Dolo]] nightclub where he connected with figures from "clean professions."[^1] +Through the Confrérie des Maîtres Brasseurs, the free radio Radio Activité, of which he was the driving force, and his firm J.-M. Nihoul et Associés, he cultivated politicians and officials and sold interventions for parole, pardons, prison leave and residence permits, for which he said he had earned about 500,000 francs; a magistrate appointed him a real estate expert without qualifications. With the suspended lawyer [[Annie Bouty]] and her Cadreco association he arranged residence papers for foreigners, among them Nigerians. The commission had indications that at the end of the 1980s he organized the political campaigns of several young lawyers who later faced disciplinary or criminal proceedings. It could not establish whether his ties to politicians were as close as he claimed, noting that he boasted of having "le bras long comme le Danube," and it found no substance in his claim to be protected by a Brussels investigating judge.[^1] -### The Dolo Nightclub +### Informant -Nihoul operated as a quasi-underworld figure who brushed shoulders with prominent figures at a nightclub called The Dolo. He was well-known in the 1980s for hosting lavish sex parties at a magnificent rented chateau in the Ardennes, events which were regularly videotaped by Nihoul. These parties included carnality shows and orgies attended by prominent businessmen, lawyers, doctors, and government officials, providing the basis for an extensive blackmail operation.[^1] +In 1995 and 1996 Nihoul was an informant of the gendarmerie's BSR in Dinant; the gendarmerie had registered him as a coded informant. In May 1995 he passed on information, obtained through [[Michel Lelievre|Michel Lelièvre]], about a stolen car and collected a 30,000-franc reward from the insurer Royale Belge; he later introduced Lelièvre to his handlers. The BSR took no action against Lelièvre in the first half of 1996, though he was wanted to serve a prison sentence and though, the commission found, there were indications that the BSR knew he and Dutroux had stolen a truck in 1995; Nihoul had asked his handler to leave Lelièvre alone. "In the end," the commission wrote, "it was the informant who directed his handlers and not the reverse." Its first report had listed eight indications of protection for Nihoul, among them witnesses who testified under oath that two associates from the entourage of a former minister protected him, and his hold as an informant over a policeman who failed to arrest Lelièvre before Lelièvre took part in the abductions of [[Sabine Dardenne]] and [[Laetitia Delhez]]. The commission concluded that "the Nihoul movement" had operated amid "the relaxation of norms and corrupting behavior" and in that sense had received and granted protection, "rarely in a very spectacular way and, most of the time, in the context of services between friends."[^1] -### Connection to Dutroux +### ASCO and the Dutroux Case -Evidence revealed that Dutroux's main source of income came from selling kidnapped girls to wealthy clients of Michel Nihoul. This connection was uncovered during investigations into reports of men driving white Mercedes-Benz's following and photographing school girls in locations where Dutroux was kidnapping victims. Both [[Michelle Martin]] (Dutroux's wife) and [[Michel Lelievre]] (accomplice) stated that Dutroux had kidnapped victims based upon orders received from Michel Nihoul. Dutroux later admitted this during his 2004 trial.[^1] +[[Achats Services Commerces]] (ASCO) was founded on July 2, 1991, at Wasmes by the operator of Le Dolo, Nihoul's companion and a third Dolo client, went into voluntary liquidation on June 23, 1995, and was declared bankrupt by the commercial court of Mons on October 9, 1995; Nihoul was at least its de facto manager in 1994, and the commission linked the company to the reports of white Mercedes cars.[^1] He had met Dutroux a year before his arrest through Lelièvre, to whom he sold drugs. [[Michelle Martin]] told investigators that Dutroux had been in frequent contact with Nihoul around the abduction of Laetitia Delhez, and Dutroux said Nihoul was looking for girls for a Belgian prostitution network. Nihoul was led from the courthouse at Neufchâteau on August 16, 1996, to shouts of "à mort." His companion [[Marleen De Cokere]] was arrested in late September. His warrant in the Dutroux case was lifted in January 1997.[^3][^5] Nihoul told *Der Spiegel* in 2001, "I have the government in hand," and offered, for a six-figure sum, a photograph of the then Prince Albert with a naked sixteen-year-old taken at the Mirano club twenty years earlier.[^6] [[Regina Louf]], the witness X1, alleged that he organized parties at which children were abused; the prosecutors-general closed the files opened on her testimony in April 1998.[^7] -Phone records from early August 1996, around the time of [[Laetitia Delhez]]'s kidnapping, showed Nihoul had made over twenty calls to Marc Dutroux. This extensive communication suggested direct operational coordination between the two men. Nihoul was charged as an accomplice in the kidnapping of Laetitia Delhez on August 16, 1996, along with two associates: disbarred lawyer [[Annie Bouty]] and his girlfriend [[Marleen De Cokere]].[^1] - -### International Connections - -Nihoul's network extended beyond Belgium to international operations. His girlfriend [[Marleen De Cokere]] was linked to hardcore child pornography studios in Amsterdam through [[Roxanne Films]] and [[Rex Productions]]. These connections placed Nihoul within a broader European trafficking infrastructure that included figures like [[John Stamford]]'s [[Spartacus Network]].[^1] - -### Blackmail and Political Influence - -During a 2001 interview with German newspaper Der Spiegel, Nihoul openly boasted of having sexual blackmail on powerful individuals. He claimed, "I have the government in my hands" and offered to provide a photo of then-Prince Albert (later King Albert II) jumping on a 16-year-old girl for a six-figure sum, stating it was recorded on the second floor of the Mirano Club 20 years prior. He also offered to arrange a call between a reporter and a minister involved in murder for 20,000 marks. He boasted of having photos of then-Prince Albert with a naked 16-year-old girl.[^1] - -### Evidence Seizure - -From Nihoul's home, police seized hundreds of videotapes of violent child pornography, some allegedly featuring prominent people. Following his arrest in August 1996, police secured 300 videos, some said to contain footage of high-society figures and others of child pornography. Segments of one video showing a middle-aged man beating a 9-year-old were broadcast on the European satellite network RTL.[^1] - -### Police Connections and Protection - -The investigation revealed connections between Nihoul and law enforcement. In late August 1996, senior detective [[Georges Zicot]], who headed the auto theft division of Charleroi PD, was arrested and charged for insurance fraud and document forgery. Zicot had been an associate of [[Bernard Weinstein]], Dutroux's accomplice. A further nine Charleroi police officers were questioned over suspected links to either Dutroux or Nihoul, and another officer from Dinant was detained over his association with Nihoul.[^1] - -### Connections to Unsolved Murders and Suspicious Deaths - -Numerous deaths were linked to individuals connected to Nihoul's network. Nihoul was named as a suspect in the reopened investigation of the [[Christine Van Hees]] murder from 1984. Other deaths connected to Nihoul include [[Carine Dellaert]], who allegedly died after giving birth at one of Nihoul's parties, and Veronique Dubrulle, who was allegedly murdered in a snuff film during an abuse party. Multiple people connected to Nihoul died under suspicious circumstances: Michel Poiro, nightclub owner acquainted with Nihoul, was shot dead on December 5, 1996, before meeting with parents of [[Julie Lejeune]] and [[Melissa Russo]]; [[Georges Zicot]], Gendarme officer and runner of Nihoul; [[Bernard Weinstein]], buried alive by [[Marc Dutroux]] after witnessing the abuse of [[An Marchal]] and [[Eefje Lambrecks]]; and [[Brigitte Jenart]], friend of Nihoul, committed suicide on April 5, 1998. According to [[Regina Louf]] (witness X1), Nihoul organized "abuse parties" where child prostitutes were provided to attendees, serving to bond loyalties through sexual blackmail.[^1] - -### Judicial Interference - -The [[Christine Van Hees]] murder case from 1984 demonstrated judicial interference protecting Nihoul. The judge assigned to the case was [[Jean-Claude Van Espen]], a close friend and business partner of Michel Nihoul. Van Espen had represented Nihoul's wife as a lawyer, and his sister was the godmother of Nihoul's child. Despite this clear conflict of interest, Van Espen saw no reason to recuse himself when Nihoul became a suspect in the reopened investigation in 1996. He only resigned after his relationship with Nihoul was exposed by a journalist in 1998.[^1] - -Nihoul's death was reported in 2019.[^1] +At the trial in Arlon in 2004, Dutroux accused Nihoul of being his link to a ring kidnapping girls for prostitution, which Nihoul denied. Only seven of the twelve jurors found him guilty of the abductions, and the professional judges acquitted him of every charge connected with the children; on June 22, 2004, he was sentenced to five years for drug trafficking and criminal association. He left Saint-Gilles prison on parole on April 28, 2006, and retired with his companion to the Belgian coast, where he died on October 23, 2019.[^3][^4] ### Footnotes -[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). *Eye of the Chickenhawk*. United States: Thehotstar. +[^1]: Chambre des Représentants de Belgique. *Enquête parlementaire sur la manière dont l'enquête, dans ses volets policiers et judiciaires, a été menée dans l'affaire Dutroux-Nihoul et consorts,* rapport complémentaire, Doc. 713/8-96/97, February 16, 1998, section 4, "Le réseau relationnel de M. Nihoul," pp. 126-145, and the list of indications from the report of April 14, 1997 (Doc. 713/6-96/97, pp. 186-188). https://www.dekamer.be/kvvcr/pdf_sections/comm/dutroux/49K0713008.pdf +[^2]: "Michel Nihoul: Lügner, Betrüger, Frauenheld, aber kein Pädophiler." dpa, *Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung,* FAZ.NET, May 17, 2004. +[^3]: "Michel Nihoul est décédé." *La Libre Belgique,* October 23, 2019. +[^4]: "Arlon, 22 juin 2004, l'épilogue." *La Libre Belgique,* June 22, 2005; "Notorious child rapist-murderer convicted." Associated Press via NBC News, June 17, 2004. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/5233011 +[^5]: "Belgian pedophile case." United Press International, September 24, 1996. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1996/09/24/Belgian-pedophile-case/1297843537600/ +[^6]: "Im Netz der Dossiers." *Der Spiegel,* October 15, 2001, as translated in "Excerpt: Der Spiegel Interviews Michel Nihoul," Magic Kingdom Dispatch, 2017; the German original was not seen. +[^7]: Sénat de Belgique. Proposition visant à instituer une commission d'enquête parlementaire chargée d'enquêter sur l'éloignement de deux enquêteurs de la cellule d'enquête bruxelloise « Neufchâteau », déposée par M. Frans Lozie, Doc. 2-563/1, October 9, 2000. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/John David Norman.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/John David Norman.md index 34a8e8bb..4a1ccf86 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/John David Norman.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/John David Norman.md @@ -3,35 +3,53 @@ category: "Key Figures" tags: - Person - OrganizedCrime -summary: "John David Norman (1927-2011) was the mastermind behind the Odyssey Network, a sophisticated child trafficking and prostitution operation based in Dallas, Texas, during the 1970s." + - ChildTrafficking +summary: "Dallas and Chicago procurer who ran boy-prostitution services under the Odyssey Foundation and Delta Project names; the State Department destroyed a client file of more than 30,000 cards seized in 1973." born: 1927-10-13 died: 2011-05-22 -location: "Dallas, Texas" +location: + - "Dallas, Texas" + - "Chicago, Illinois" +relations: + - type: founded + with: "[[Odyssey Foundation]]" + fn: 1 + - type: founded + with: "[[Delta Project]]" + start: 1976 + fn: 1 + - type: partner_of + with: "[[Phillip Paske]]" + role: "closest associate; ran the Delta Project while Norman was in prison" + fn: 1 +created: 2026-04-28 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -John David Norman (1927-2011) was the mastermind behind the [[Odyssey Network]], a sophisticated child trafficking and prostitution operation based in [[Dallas, Texas]], during the 1970s. Known under the alias Steven Gurwell, Norman led the [[Odyssey Foundation]], a front for pairing adult "sponsors" with boy "fellows" for educational trips that in reality facilitated sexual exploitation. His criminal enterprise, later rebranded as the Delta Project, represented one of the most extensive child trafficking networks uncovered in the United States, with connections to multiple high-profile murder cases including the [[Dean Corll]] and [[John Wayne Gacy]] investigations.[^1] -Norman's operations involved recruiting vulnerable runaways, producing child pornography, and distributing materials via mail-order systems. He used coded advertisements in gay magazines and underground publications to attract clients, maintaining a database of thousands of index cards with names and addresses of nationwide clients, including prominent individuals and federal employees in [[Washington, D.C.]]. The network coordinated interstate trafficking, making boys dependent on traffickers, and distributed catalogs like "Fellows 1973" containing photos and descriptions of available boys.[^1] +John David Norman ran a succession of organizations that, according to police in [[Chicago]], [[Los Angeles]] and [[Dallas, Texas|Dallas]], supplied boy prostitutes to paying clients across the country: the Norman Foundation, Epic International, the [[Odyssey Foundation]] and the [[Delta Project]]. He also used the names Evan Goodwin, Allen Hitchcock, John Shanks and Steven Gurwell, and the Hasting Foundation. By 1977 he had thirteen arrests for sex offenses going back to 1954.[^1][^2] -### Criminal Operations -Norman first came to law enforcement attention in March 1973 when arrested in [[Dallas, Texas]], on charges of contributing to juvenile delinquency and drug violations. His major arrest occurred on August 14, 1973, when [[Dallas Police Department]] raided his apartment based on an anonymous tip, finding him with five teenage boys and seizing photographic equipment, child pornography, and publishing materials filling an entire van. The [[Odyssey Foundation]] purported to be a non-profit mentorship program but functioned as a child trafficking service, employing a system of "sponsors" who housed and exploited boys in exchange for sexual access.[^1] +### Dallas and the Index Cards -The network used newsletters like [[Hermes]] to facilitate perpetrator contacts, legitimate foundations and charities as covers, and coordinated activities across states to evade detection. Norman's methods included exploiting foster care and juvenile systems for sourcing victims and using coded language in communications. From prison, Norman continued operations through associates like [[Phillip Paske]], who managed day-to-day activities during his incarceration.[^1] +Lieutenant Harold Hancock of the Dallas police arrested Norman in March 1973 on charges of contributing to juvenile violations of state drug laws and seized more than 30,000 index cards listing clients, "some of them prominent people and some federal employees in Washington." "I felt that some federal agency should get the cards and I contacted the [[State Department]] through the FBI, I think it was," Hancock told the *Chicago Tribune*. "All the cards were sent to Washington to the State Department, and that's the last I heard of." Matthew Nimetz, a counselor of the State Department, told the paper that officials had found "the cards were not relevant to any fraud case concerning a passport" and destroyed them; he "was unable to explain" why the department had looked at them only for passport irregularities or why it had not passed them to the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] or the postal inspectors.[^1] Tribune reporters told a Senate subcommittee in May 1977 that the department said it had shredded the cards in 1974 "because they couldn't find any use for them," and that "some passports were issued for taking a boy across the seas and into another country."[^2] -### Connections to Other Cases -The timing of Norman's August 1973 arrest coincided with confessions from [[Dean Corll]]'s accomplices [[Elmer Wayne Henley]] and [[David Owen Brooks]], who independently stated Corll worked for a [[Dallas, Texas]],-based organization buying and selling boys, running prostitution and drugs, with members committing murders. This linked the [[Dean Corll Murders]] to Norman's network. Norman later established operations in [[Chicago]], under the Delta Project while in Cook County Jail, with [[Phillip Paske]] as his primary associate.[^1] +Dallas police told the Chicago police that they had information associating Norman with the ring that supplied boys to [[Dean Corll]], whose murders of 27 boys in Houston came to light in 1973 after [[Elmer Wayne Henley]] shot him; a Tribune reporter testified that Dallas had investigated Norman "as a possible solicitor for these boys."[^1][^2] -Norman's Chicago activities connected to [[John Wayne Gacy]], as Paske worked for Gacy's PDM Construction in September 1978. Analysis of Gacy's victim timeline showed 20 disappearances when Norman was free in [[Chicago]], versus 7 when imprisoned, suggesting operational ties. Gacy, before execution, named Norman and Paske as accomplices in snuff films involving his victims. Norman's network had international connections, mirrored by [[Francis Shelden]]'s Amsterdam operations and [[John Stamford]]'s [[Spartacus Network]].[^1] +### Chicago and the Delta Project -### Legal History and Death -Following the 1973 raid, [[Dallas Police Department]] Lieutenant Harold Hancock turned over over 30,000 client index cards to the State Department via the FBI. The State Department received them but destroyed them in September 1975, claiming irrelevance to passport fraud, preventing investigation into prominent clients, including two State Department employees - one assigned to the U.S. embassy in [[Mexico City]]. Norman was arrested in 1977 in [[Chicago]], as part of a child pornography investigation revealing an "interlocking web of vice."[^1] +Norman moved to Homewood, Illinois, in mid-1973 and lived with an Epic International client, who told police that Norman had supplied him that summer with a sixteen-year-old Missouri boy for a three-week, 4,500-dollar tour of Europe. Using the name Steven Gurwell, Norman was arrested in October 1973 after a tip that he had plied ten teenagers with beer to have sex with him; police seized pornography and a list of 5,000 names and addresses of clients.[^1] -After release, Norman continued crimes; by 1983, arrested in Pennsylvania for using boys in "Handy Andy" pornography, released on bail in 1985, then fled. In 1986, wanted in at least five states, he used jailhouse lawyer skills to reduce bail, posted $7,500, and skipped, apprehended in Illinois in July 1987. Norman died in 2011 after spending his later life in and out of prison and parole programs.[^1] +Held in [[Cook County Jail]] in 1976 on charges of indecent liberties with ten boys, Norman used the jail's printing facilities to send three newsletters to clients announcing the Delta Project, which would place boy "cadets" with "dons" in "Delta-Dorms" around the country: "The nature of the relationship between cadet and sponsor is left entirely to the two of them." He said he corresponded with more than 7,000 people from the jail. Someone in California whom police could not identify paid his 36,000-dollar bail in cash. In December 1976 he pleaded guilty to eight counts of indecent liberties with a child and was sentenced to four years; his associate [[Phillip Paske]], "a convicted murderer and thief" on probation, kept the project going from post office box 5094 in Chicago. Norman told the Tribune: "This has nothing to do with sex. I didn't want to get young kids involved in sex." The police said both the Delta Project and the Chicago newsletter [[Hermes]] "were controlled by separate groups of men working together in an interlocking web of vice."[^1] His 1979 petition against the Cook County sheriff reached the Illinois Supreme Court.[^3] -### Connection to The Finders +Paske later worked for the contracting business of [[John Wayne Gacy]], who after his conviction named Paske and Norman in connection with his crimes. Norman was arrested again in Pennsylvania in 1983, jumped bail, was recaptured in Illinois in July 1987, and died in 2011.[^4] -When [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] investigators examined the address book carried by the two [[The Finders|Finders]] members arrested in Tallahassee, Florida on February 4, 1987 -- [[Douglas Ammerman]] and [[James Michael Holwell]], who were transporting six malnourished children -- names in that address book appeared in FBI files related to Norman's network. According to FBI file notes cited in secondary sources, two individuals named in the address book appeared in FBI Dallas field office file 145-0 relating to Norman's Odyssey Foundation child prostitution investigation. A third name appeared in an FBI Buffalo field office file concerning [[NAMBLA]] members suspected of murder connections.[^1] +### The Finders -The address-book overlaps represent the primary documented connection between The Finders and Norman's network. The underlying FBI documents establishing this connection are cited in secondary sources including *Eye of the Chickenhawk* and the NAMBLA-related investigation files; they were also referenced in the FBI Vault's November 2019 Finders document release. No direct organizational relationship or personal contact between Norman and Finders leadership has been established in accessible primary sources. +Two names in the address book seized from the [[The Finders|Finders]] members [[Douglas Ammerman]] and [[James Michael Holwell]] at their arrest in Tallahassee on February 4, 1987, are reported to appear in an FBI Dallas file on child prostitution that concerned Norman's Odyssey Foundation, and a third in a Buffalo file on members of [[NAMBLA]] suspected of murder. No direct tie between Norman and the Finders' leadership has been documented.[^4][^5] ### Footnotes -[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). *Eye of the Chickenhawk*. United States: Thehotstar. \ No newline at end of file + +[^1]: Moseley, Ray, with Michael Sneed and George Bliss. "Chicago Is Center of National Child Porno Ring." *Chicago Tribune,* May 16, 1977, reprinted in U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Crime. *Sexual Exploitation of Children,* hearings, 95th Congress, 1st session, Serial No. 12, 1977, pp. 433-435. https://archive.org/details/micro_IA41153502_0041 +[^2]: Testimony of George Bliss and Michael Sneed, U.S. Senate, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee to Investigate Juvenile Delinquency. *Protection of Children Against Sexual Exploitation,* hearings, Chicago, May 27, 1977, 95th Congress, 1st session. https://archive.org/details/protectionofchil00unit +[^3]: *Norman v. Elrod,* 76 Ill. 2d 426, 394 N.E.2d 1043 (Ill. 1979). +[^4]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. Sole source for the passages so cited. +[^5]: Federal Bureau of Investigation, "The Finders," FBI Records: The Vault, released November 2019, https://vault.fbi.gov/the-finders (image-only scan; the cross-references were not examined in it). diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Jorge Ochoa.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Jorge Ochoa.md index 4dcebbab..e51020e6 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Jorge Ochoa.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Jorge Ochoa.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ summary: Jorge Ochoa was a leader of the Medellín Cartel who controlled the Mia born: 1950-09-30 location: "Colombia" --- -Jorge Ochoa was a leader of the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín Cartel]] who, along with [[Pablo Escobar]] and [[Carlos Lehder]], controlled the [[Miami]] [[cocaine]] market during the early 1980s. The Ochoa family in [[Colombia]] was one of the primary sources of cocaine for the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] trafficking ring that funded the [[Contras|Contra]] war.[^1] +Jorge Ochoa was a leader of the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín Cartel]] who, along with [[Pablo Escobar]] and [[Carlos Lehder]], controlled the [[Miami]] [[Cocaine]] market during the early 1980s. The Ochoa family in [[Colombia]] was one of the primary sources of cocaine for the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] trafficking ring that funded the [[Contras|Contra]] war.[^1] ### DEA Manipulation Attempt diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Lynn Schroeder.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Lynn Schroeder.md index 5182f3f0..abbb5acd 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Lynn Schroeder.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Lynn Schroeder.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ summary: "Schroeder and Ostrander's work, which included accounts from figures l --- [[Lynn Schroeder]] is an American author who, along with [[Sheila Ostrander]], co-authored the 1970 book *Psychic Discoveries Behind the [[Iron Curtain]]*. This book played a significant role in popularizing Soviet and Eastern European [[Parapsychology|psi]] research in the West. The book portrayed a "veritable frenzy of psychic research" going on in the [[Soviet Union|USSR]], with investigators uncovering powerful natural clairvoyants, psychokinetic prodigies, and dowsers whose talents could potentially be employed against the West.[^1] -Schroeder and Ostrander's work, which included accounts from figures like [[Eduard Naumov]], contributed to the growing awareness and concern within the U.S. intelligence community about a potential "psi gap" with the Soviet Union, ultimately influencing the decision to fund and initiate programs like the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]].[^1] +Schroeder and Ostrander's work, which included accounts from figures like [[Eduard Naumov]], contributed to the growing awareness and concern within the U.S. intelligence community about a potential "psi gap" with the Soviet Union, ultimately influencing the decision to fund and initiate programs like the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]].[^1] --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Major Stone.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Major Stone.md index d02255e7..da560916 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Major Stone.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Major Stone.md @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ tags: - RemoteViewer summary: "Aide to Major General Edmund Thompson who served as a beacon for remote viewing sessions and brought Pentagon taskings to the unit." --- -Major Stone was an aide to Major General [[Edmund Thompson]], the [[U.S. Army]] Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence (ACSI). He played a role in the early days of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]] by serving as an "outbound experimenter" or "beacon" for remote viewing sessions.[^1] +Major Stone was an aide to Major General [[Edmund Thompson]], the [[U.S. Army]] Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence (ACSI). He played a role in the early days of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]] by serving as an "outbound experimenter" or "beacon" for remote viewing sessions.[^1] -In one notable instance, Stone was the target for [[Edmund Thompson]]'s own remote viewing attempt. Although Thompson initially misidentified Stone's location, he later realized he had accurately perceived a nearby Masonic Temple, which was more prominent than Stone's actual location at the Alexandria train station. Stone also brought taskings from the Pentagon to the remote viewing unit, including the urgent request to find a lost [[U.S. Navy]] A-6 attack aircraft.[^1] +In one notable instance, Stone was the target for Edmund Thompson's own remote viewing attempt. Although Thompson initially misidentified Stone's location, he later realized he had accurately perceived a nearby Masonic Temple, which was more prominent than Stone's actual location at the Alexandria train station. Stone also brought taskings from the Pentagon to the remote viewing unit, including the urgent request to find a lost [[U.S. Navy]] A-6 attack aircraft.[^1] --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Manuel Noriega.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Manuel Noriega.md index 85daede6..415f16d1 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Manuel Noriega.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Manuel Noriega.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ born: 1934-02-11 died: 2017-05-29 location: "Panama City, Panama" --- -Manuel Noriega was the military dictator of [[Panama]] who performed valuable work for the [[U.S. government]] in [[Central America]] during the 1980s while simultaneously facilitating Colombian [[cocaine]] trafficking.[^1] +Manuel Noriega was the military dictator of [[Panama]] who performed valuable work for the [[U.S. government]] in [[Central America]] during the 1980s while simultaneously facilitating Colombian [[Cocaine]] trafficking.[^1] ### CIA Asset diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Marvin Rudnick.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Marvin Rudnick.md index 7eba1846..aed7f043 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Marvin Rudnick.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Marvin Rudnick.md @@ -5,14 +5,20 @@ tags: - Lawyer - FBI - LawEnforcement -summary: "Rudnick subsequently lost his job when he refused to drop the investigation into MCA." +summary: "Federal prosecutor on the Justice Department's organized-crime investigation of MCA in the 1980s, who according to Cheri Seymour lost his job for refusing to drop it." +relations: + - type: investigated + with: "[[Music Corporation of America]]" + fn: 1 +created: 2026-05-14 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -[[Marvin Rudnick]] was a [[United States Attorney|U.S. Attorney]] who supervised the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] wiretap investigation of [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]]. He, along with [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] agent [[Thomas Gates]] and [[Richard Stavin]] of the Organized Crime Strike Force, believed that [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] had been penetrated by organized crime, based on the wiretaps.[1] +[[Marvin Rudnick]] was a federal prosecutor who, according to [[Cheri Seymour]], supervised the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] wiretap investigation of [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]]. He, along with FBI agent [[Thomas Gates]] and [[Richard Stavin]] of the Organized Crime Strike Force, believed that MCA had been penetrated by organized crime, based on the wiretaps.[^1] -Rudnick subsequently lost his job when he refused to drop the investigation into [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]]. The wiretaps were later sealed by the [[Department of Justice|DOJ]], and no prosecutions were pursued. The Los Angeles Organized Crime Strike Force was disbanded, and Rudnick's efforts to expose the alleged organized crime penetration of [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] were thwarted.[1] +Rudnick subsequently lost his job when he refused to drop the investigation into MCA. In her account the wiretaps were later sealed by the [[Department of Justice|DOJ]], and no case against MCA or its executives followed; the investigation did produce the tax-evasion conviction of the MCA middleman [[Sal Pisello|Salvatore Pisello]], affirmed by the Ninth Circuit in 1989.[^2] The [[Los Angeles]] Organized Crime Strike Force was disbanded, and Rudnick's efforts to expose the alleged organized crime penetration of MCA were thwarted.[^1] -After losing his job, Rudnick eventually had part of his story told in the 1993 book, *Stiffed: A True Story of MCA, The Music Business, and the Mafia* by William Knoedelseder.[1] +After losing his job, Rudnick eventually had part of his story told in the 1993 book, *Stiffed: A True Story of MCA, The Music Business, and the Mafia* by William Knoedelseder.[^1] ---- ### Footnotes -[1] Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010. \ No newline at end of file +[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010. +[^2]: *United States v. Pisello,* 877 F.2d 762 (9th Cir. 1989). https://openjurist.org/877/f2d/762 diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Mel Riley.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Mel Riley.md index ee0f9c99..d0c27327 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Mel Riley.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Mel Riley.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ died: 2020-04-25 location: "Racine, Wisconsin" --- -Mel Riley was a U.S. Army staff sergeant and one of the original six remote viewers in the [[STARGATE PROJECT]]. He was recruited into the program, then codenamed Gondola Wish, in 1977 by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]].[^1] +Mel Riley was a U.S. Army staff sergeant and one of the original six remote viewers in the [[Stargate Project]]. He was recruited into the program, then codenamed Gondola Wish, in 1977 by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]].[^1] Riley was five feet eight, slim and fit, with wavy blond hair and an Irish, vaguely leprechaunish face. He had tattoos of an eagle, a rabbit, and a large winged dragon across his chest. His eyes were often described as wide and intense, as if he were staring inward. He was a morning person, enjoying the quiet calm of the predawn hours.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Nancy Stern.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Nancy Stern.md index 1dd168b8..41bc7c9d 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Nancy Stern.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Nancy Stern.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ tags: summary: "Stern was present during the intense and monotonous remote viewing taskings related to the Iran hostage crisis (1979-1981)." updated: 2026-09-22 --- -[[Nancy Stern]] was an Army civilian photo-interpreter and one of the original members of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Gondola Wish]] (later Grill Flame) remote viewing unit. She was among the initial group of ten or eleven candidates selected by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]] for the experimental program, with a heavy emphasis on photo-interpreters due to their visual skills.[^1] +[[Nancy Stern]] was an Army civilian photo-interpreter and one of the original members of the [[Stargate Project|Gondola Wish]] (later Grill Flame) remote viewing unit. She was among the initial group of ten or eleven candidates selected by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]] for the experimental program, with a heavy emphasis on photo-interpreters due to their visual skills.[^1] Stern was present during the intense and monotonous remote viewing taskings related to the Iran hostage crisis (1979-1981). After the failed hostage rescue mission in April 1980, she became emotionally distraught, crying and expressing anger at the debacle, and subsequently left the unit. Her departure, along with that of [[Fernand Gauvin|Fern Gauvin]], highlighted the psychological toll of the relentless remote viewing operations.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Renato Pena.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Renato Pena.md index c7d642c2..7a30a944 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Renato Pena.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Renato Pena.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ tags: - DarkAllianceInvestigation summary: "FDN San Francisco representative and cocaine dealer for Norwin Meneses who was arrested in 1984 and implicated the CIA in Contra drug trafficking during DEA debriefings." --- -Renato Peña Cabrera was the [[FDN]]'s San Francisco representative and a [[cocaine]] dealer for [[Norwin Meneses]].[^1] Peña served as a key conduit between the FDN leadership in [[Honduras]] and the Contra support network in [[California]], facilitating arms procurement and communications. +Renato Peña Cabrera was the [[FDN]]'s San Francisco representative and a [[Cocaine]] dealer for [[Norwin Meneses]].[^1] Peña served as a key conduit between the FDN leadership in [[Honduras]] and the Contra support network in [[California]], facilitating arms procurement and communications. ### Role with the FDN diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Richard Stavin.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Richard Stavin.md index bb0f98f9..0c730102 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Richard Stavin.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Richard Stavin.md @@ -5,12 +5,18 @@ tags: - Lawyer - FBI - LawEnforcement -summary: "Stavin quit his job after the DOJ sealed the wiretaps and no prosecutions were pursued in the MCA organized crime investigation." +summary: "Justice Department organized-crime strike force attorney in Los Angeles who, according to Cheri Seymour, supervised the FBI wiretaps on MCA and quit when the matter was dropped." +relations: + - type: investigated + with: "[[Music Corporation of America]]" + fn: 1 +created: 2025-08-05 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -[[Richard Stavin]] was a member of the Organized Crime Strike Force. He supervised the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] wiretaps on [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]]. Along with [[United States Attorney|U.S. Attorney]] [[Marvin Rudnick]] and [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] agent [[Thomas Gates]], Stavin believed that [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] had been penetrated by organized crime, based on the wiretaps.[1] +[[Richard Stavin]] was a member of the Justice Department's [[Los Angeles]] Organized Crime Strike Force. According to [[Cheri Seymour]], he supervised the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] wiretaps on [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]]. Along with the prosecutor [[Marvin Rudnick]] and FBI agent [[Thomas Gates]], Stavin believed that MCA had been penetrated by organized crime, based on the wiretaps.[^1] -Stavin quit his job after the [[Department of Justice|DOJ]] sealed the wiretaps and no prosecutions were pursued in the [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] organized crime investigation. The [[Los Angeles Organized Crime Strike Force]] was disbanded following these events.[1] +Stavin quit his job after the [[Department of Justice|DOJ]] sealed the wiretaps and brought no case against MCA or its executives; the investigation did produce the tax-evasion conviction of the MCA middleman [[Sal Pisello|Salvatore Pisello]], affirmed by the Ninth Circuit in 1989.[^2] The [[Los Angeles Organized Crime Strike Force]] was disbanded following these events.[^1] ---- ### Footnotes -[1] Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010. \ No newline at end of file +[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010. +[^2]: *United States v. Pisello,* 877 F.2d 762 (9th Cir. 1989). https://openjurist.org/877/f2d/762 diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Ricky Ross.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Ricky Ross.md index 6a82491f..ad646bf7 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Ricky Ross.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Ricky Ross.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ aliases: - Freeway Ricky Ross - Ricky Donnell Ross created: 2026-05-17 -updated: 2026-05-17 +updated: 2026-09-22 category: "Key Figures" tags: - Person @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ summary: "Freeway Ricky Donnell Ross led South Central Los Angeles's largest cra born: 1960-01-26 location: "Tyler, Texas" --- -"Freeway" Ricky Donnell Ross was the leader of [[South Central Los Angeles|South Central L.A.]]'s first major [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] distribution network.[^2] In the space of four years, Ross went from selling fractions of an ounce of [[cocaine]] to shipping multimillion-dollar shipments across [[United States|America]].[^2] His primary supplier was [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]], a [[Nicaragua|Nicaraguan]] trafficker who had sold cocaine to fund the [[Contras]] during the early 1980s.[^1] +"Freeway" Ricky Donnell Ross was the leader of [[South Central Los Angeles|South Central L.A.]]'s first major [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] distribution network.[^2] In the space of four years, Ross went from selling fractions of an ounce of [[Cocaine]] to shipping multimillion-dollar shipments across [[United States|America]].[^2] His primary supplier was [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]], a [[Nicaragua|Nicaraguan]] trafficker who had sold cocaine to fund the [[Contras]] during the early 1980s.[^1] ### Early Life @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Ross grew up in South Central L.A., where his family had lived since the early 1 ### Tennis and Education -Ross was too small for football or basketball but had quick reflexes. Two family friends, Dr. Mal Bouquet and Richard Williams, encouraged him to take up tennis when he was about eleven or twelve. "They picked me up, took me to tennis tournaments. They took care of my racquets and tennis shoes, stuff like that," Ross said. The tournaments and practices kept him out of the 74 Hoover Crips, his neighborhood gang. He was friends with many of them but was never a gang member himself. A 1993 letter from the Federal Correctional Institution in Phoenix stated: "There exists no information to substantiate your membership in the Los Angeles based 'Crips' street gang. All information in your file has been deleted which reflected gang participation or membership." L.A. Times reporter Jesse Katz, who spent months interviewing Ross in 1994, observed: "He does not have the culture of a gang member when you talk to him. He doesn't have the attitude... I mean, he was a capitalist."[^3] +Ross was too small for football or basketball but had quick reflexes. Two family friends, Dr. Mal Bouquet and Richard Williams, encouraged him to take up tennis when he was about eleven or twelve. "They picked me up, took me to tennis tournaments. They took care of my racquets and tennis shoes, stuff like that," Ross said. The tournaments and practices kept him out of the 74 Hoover Crips, his neighborhood gang. He was friends with many of them but was never a gang member himself. A 1993 letter from the Federal Correctional Institution in Phoenix stated: "There exists no information to substantiate your membership in the Los Angeles based 'Crips' street gang. All information in your file has been deleted which reflected gang participation or membership." L.A. Times reporter [[Jesse Katz]], who spent months interviewing Ross in 1994, observed: "He does not have the culture of a gang member when you talk to him. He doesn't have the attitude... I mean, he was a capitalist."[^3] At Dorsey High School, Ross made All-League his first year, All-City second team as a sophomore, and All-City first team his senior year. His goal was to play tennis for a major university, and coaches were grooming about five players on his team for college scholarships. But Ross had a critical problem: by his senior year, he still couldn't read or write. "My teachers just passed me, gave me C's and let me go through," Ross said. It only mattered when he started practicing with the Long Beach State University tennis team after beating one of their players in a tournament. Once the coach discovered his academic situation, the university's interest ended. Disillusioned, Ross dropped out of Dorsey, a few credits short of graduation. "I didn't graduate. I made it to the 12th grade and I was a few credits from being able to graduate." On July 7, 1978, he was arrested by the LAPD for burglary and disorderly conduct, though the charges were dismissed.[^3] @@ -82,13 +82,13 @@ Beginning in 1984, Blandón supplied Ross and his associates with high-powered w ### National Expansion -As the South Central crack market became saturated, Ross's gang customers started traveling to other California cities and then nationwide, setting up new crack markets using their connections with Ross to supply them. This migration marked the start of an unprecedented cross-country expansion by the Crips and later the Bloods. The Los Angeles Times described Ross's operation as "a coast-to-coast conglomerate that sold more than 500,000 nuggets of the drug every day." One L.A. narcotics detective described it as "a cartel."[^5] +As the South Central crack market became saturated, Ross's gang customers started traveling to other California cities and then nationwide, setting up new crack markets using their connections with Ross to supply them. This migration marked the start of an unprecedented cross-country expansion by the Crips and later the Bloods. The [[Los Angeles Times]] described Ross's operation as "a coast-to-coast conglomerate that sold more than 500,000 nuggets of the drug every day." One L.A. narcotics detective described it as "a cartel."[^5] Ross was selling to nearly every big crack dealer in Los Angeles without resorting to attention-getting violence. "The dollar was a powerful persuader," Ross discovered. "There was no limit to the average cocaine dealer's greed. You could buy your way into anything, or out of any disagreement." His distribution system used nondescript decoy cars and load cars, walkie-talkies, stash houses, cash houses, and safe houses - a system that took him two years to perfect.[^5] ### Identified by Law Enforcement -In August 1986, the flipped Torres brothers told detective [[Jerry Guzzetta]] during debriefings that two Black dealers controlled the entire South Central [[Los Angeles]] cocaine market. Guzzetta's "Project Sahara" report identified them as "Rick and Ollie" - Ross and Ollie Newell - generating "a conservative figure of approximately $10 million dollars a month." The brothers reported the two dealers had established a direct pipeline to the Colombian cartels. This intelligence was passed to the [[LASD Major Violators]] squad and Detective [[Thomas Gordon]], who realized the L.A. crack market was far more disciplined and well organized than anyone had dreamed. Ross confirmed that Blandón had an uncanny ability to accurately predict upcoming police raids but said he was never able to explain Blandón's clairvoyance.[^6] +In August 1986, the flipped Torres brothers told detective [[Jerry Guzzetta]] during debriefings that two Black dealers controlled the entire South Central [[Los Angeles]] cocaine market. Guzzetta's "[[Project Sahara]]" report identified them as "Rick and Ollie" - Ross and Ollie Newell - generating "a conservative figure of approximately $10 million dollars a month." The brothers reported the two dealers had established a direct pipeline to the Colombian cartels. This intelligence was passed to the [[LASD Major Violators]] squad and Detective [[Thomas Gordon]], who realized the L.A. crack market was far more disciplined and well organized than anyone had dreamed. Ross confirmed that Blandón had an uncanny ability to accurately predict upcoming police raids but said he was never able to explain Blandón's clairvoyance.[^6] Jerry Guzzetta drove through South Central with the Torres brothers, who showed him Ross's operations: a vacant apartment complex used as a cocaine lab, a multistory distribution center near the Harbor Freeway, and the Freeway Motor Inn - which the brothers said Rick had built to his specifications for a million dollars, with his mother Annie working the front desk. Guzzetta realized they had led him to "the legendary Freeway Rick." Ross surmised the Torres brothers gave him up because he had reverted to buying exclusively from Blandón: "Danilo's price was so low, that the Torres brothers simply could not continue to compete." Majors I had been looking for Ross since April 1986, raiding his girlfriend's apartment on May 15 and rousted his cousins in late August - telling them to warn Rick to watch himself.[^7] @@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ The task force raided the Freeway Motor Inn and Ross's mother's house on January In mid-April 1987, Ross spotted unmarked cars following him and fled on foot. Shots were fired behind him. Ollie Newell and Cornell Ward were handcuffed and beaten with metal flashlights and leather saps. Then detective Steve Polak drove up, opened his trunk, and "retrieved a kilo of cocaine in a black gym bag," displaying it to the others and claiming Ross had dropped it while running. Ross was charged with conspiracy, transporting controlled substances, and assault with a deadly weapon on a police officer, and was declared a fugitive.[^8] -Ross turned himself in on May 5, 1987, locked up on $1 million bond. The LAPD issued a press release announcing the demise of his "multi-million dollar mid-level rock cocaine organization." But task force members visited Ross in jail and, on a tape recording, discussed their frame-up of him and tried to turn him against his Colombian source. "The discussion was tape recorded," Justice Department records state. A forensic expert found eleven erasures on the tape, attempts to obliterate discussions of a beating administered to Ross's brother David. After hearing the tape, the judge threw all charges out of court. Ross was freed.[^8] +Ross turned himself in on May 5, 1987, locked up on $1 million bond. The LAPD issued a press release announcing the demise of his "multi-million dollar mid-level rock cocaine organization." But task force members visited Ross in jail and, on a tape recording, discussed their frame-up of him and tried to turn him against his Colombian source. "The discussion was tape recorded," [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] records state. A forensic expert found eleven erasures on the tape, attempts to obliterate discussions of a beating administered to Ross's brother David. After hearing the tape, the judge threw all charges out of court. Ross was freed.[^8] ### Scaling Back @@ -122,13 +122,13 @@ Blandón called from Miami, dropping hints about cheap cocaine. Ross had checked Ross expanded methodically, first into Lincoln Heights, then Over-the-Rhine, Avondale, Mt. Airy, Bond Hill, St. Bernard, Lockland, and Walnut Hills, using the same marketing techniques from L.A.: free cocaine, smoke parties, volume discounts. "I knew the recipe. It's just like it was in L.A. If you want to get in with the blacks, you find out who the shot-caller is. And you talk to him and you get him on your side." Once operations were running, Ross called L.A. and invited friends to staff them. "The recruits were given apartments, beepers, cocaine, and instructions on how to conduct street sales," the Justice Department Inspector General reported. "Most of these people were members of gangs, most notably the Crips." Suddenly Cincinnati had two problems it had never had before: Crips and crack.[^9] -Ross did not limit himself to Cincinnati. His dope turned up in Toledo, Cleveland, Columbus, Indianapolis, St. Louis, Atlanta, Texas, and as far away as Seattle, where police viewed his ring as "the single most important group distributing crack cocaine in the Seattle-Tacoma area." In ten months, Ross said, he sold 300 or 400 kilos of Blandón's cocaine in the Midwest, netting around $2 million. He flew to Miami once a month to drop off cash, and met with Blandón and a Colombian named Tony in New York City to place orders. At other times, his L.A. friends stuck dope on a Greyhound bus.[^9] +Ross did not limit himself to Cincinnati. His dope turned up in Toledo, Cleveland, Columbus, Indianapolis, St. Louis, Atlanta, Texas, and as far away as Seattle, where police viewed his ring as "the single most important group distributing crack cocaine in the Seattle-Tacoma area." In ten months, Ross said, he sold 300 or 400 kilos of Blandón's cocaine in the Midwest, netting around $2 million. He flew to Miami once a month to drop off cash, and met with Blandón and a Colombian named Tony in [[New York City]] to place orders. At other times, his L.A. friends stuck dope on a Greyhound bus.[^9] ### The Greyhound Bust In September 1988, a drug-sniffing dog in [[New Mexico]] alerted on an eastbound Greyhound luggage compartment. Inside was a suitcase carrying nine kilos of cocaine worth $100,000, tagged for Cincinnati. The DEA let it through and staked out the bus station. A young L.A. Crip named Alphonso Jeffries claimed the suitcase and sprang the trap. Ross promised to pay all legal bills if Jeffries kept quiet. Jeffries did, and received a twenty-year federal sentence with no parole.[^9] -The bust led the FBI and DEA to investigate whether the Crips were flooding Cincinnati with inexpensive cocaine. Ross knew it was only a matter of time. He sold what he had and returned to L.A. in the fall of 1988, going into the home improvement business, spraying acoustic ceilings and painting.[^9] +The bust led the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] and DEA to investigate whether the Crips were flooding Cincinnati with inexpensive cocaine. Ross knew it was only a matter of time. He sold what he had and returned to L.A. in the fall of 1988, going into the home improvement business, spraying acoustic ceilings and painting.[^9] ### Federal Indictments and Arrest @@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ Ross's brother David called it entrapment: "They set him up and he evidently fel ### Conviction -Two weeks after his arrest, a federal grand jury indicted Ross, "Chico" Brown, Curtis James, and Michael McLaurin on conspiracy charges. Ross was convicted of cocaine trafficking in 1996 and sentenced to life without the possibility of parole. Brown pleaded guilty and received an eleven-year sentence. Ollie Newell had been convicted of drug charges in [[Indiana]] in the late 1980s and released from prison in 1997.[^2] +Two weeks after his arrest, a federal grand jury indicted Ross, "Chico" Brown, Curtis James, and Michael McLaurin on conspiracy charges. On March 19, 1996, a jury convicted Ross and Curtis James and acquitted McLaurin. On November 19, 1996, Judge [[Marilyn Huff]] sentenced Ross to life imprisonment, the mandatory term under 21 U.S.C. § 841(b) for a defendant with two prior felony drug convictions; for a first offense with a guilty plea, the guidelines would have called for about 135 to 168 months. James received 135 months. Brown, who pleaded guilty on the day of trial, received 92 months.[^14] Ollie Newell had been convicted of drug charges in [[Indiana]] in the late 1980s and released from prison in 1997.[^2] ### Investigation Meetings with Webb @@ -160,11 +160,11 @@ In late September 1995, Webb visited Ross at the [[Metropolitan Correctional Cen ### The Trial -Ross's federal trial began in March 1996 in San Diego before Judge [[Marilyn Huff]]. Prosecutor [[LJ Oneale]] filed a motion to prevent any mention of the CIA at trial, writing: "This matter, if true, would be classified." Defense attorney Alan Fenster fought to obtain government records about Blandón's Contra connections but was repeatedly denied. Blandón testified for the prosecution, admitting that [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] had recruited him to sell cocaine for the Contras but claiming variously that he stopped in 1983, 1984, or 1982. Government documents showed Blandón was still selling cocaine for the Contras through 1986.[^12] +Ross's federal trial began in March 1996 in San Diego before Judge Marilyn Huff. Prosecutor [[LJ Oneale]] filed a motion to prevent any mention of the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] at trial, writing: "This matter, if true, would be classified." Defense attorney Alan Fenster fought to obtain government records about Blandón's Contra connections but was repeatedly denied. Blandón testified for the prosecution, admitting that [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] had recruited him to sell cocaine for the Contras but claiming variously that he stopped in 1983, 1984, or 1982. Government documents showed Blandón was still selling cocaine for the Contras through 1986.[^12] -Ross was convicted of cocaine trafficking in the spring of 1996. Juror Norman Brown said: "None of us liked Blandón. A few of the jurors were very upset that he is used by law enforcement." Another juror said: "Blandón made us all so angry that we would use that kind of sleazeball. We wanted to acquit Ricky Ross just to give the message to the government that we disagreed with the use of Blandón." Ross was sentenced to life without parole, later reduced by a federal appeals court to twenty years to life. At sentencing, Fenster asked for a postponement, citing the Dark Alliance series, and Judge Marilyn Huff told prosecutor LJ Oneale she wanted answers from the CIA before passing sentence.[^13] +Ross was convicted of cocaine trafficking in the spring of 1996. Juror Norman Brown said: "None of us liked Blandón. A few of the jurors were very upset that he is used by law enforcement." Another juror said: "Blandón made us all so angry that we would use that kind of sleazeball. We wanted to acquit Ricky Ross just to give the message to the government that we disagreed with the use of Blandón." Ross was sentenced to life without parole, later reduced by a federal appeals court to twenty years to life. At sentencing, Fenster asked for a postponement, citing the [[Dark Alliance|Dark Alliance series]], and Judge Marilyn Huff told prosecutor LJ Oneale she wanted answers from the CIA before passing sentence.[^13] -"Chico" Brown pleaded guilty and received an eleven-year sentence. Ollie Newell had been convicted of drug charges in Indiana in the late 1980s and released from prison in 1997.[^2] +Ollie Newell had been convicted of drug charges in Indiana in the late 1980s and released from prison in 1997.[^2] ### Footnotes @@ -180,3 +180,4 @@ Ross was convicted of cocaine trafficking in the spring of 1996. Juror Norman Br [^11]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 25: "Things are moving all around us" [^12]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 26: "That matter, if true, would be classified" [^13]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 27: "A very difficult decision" +[^14]: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of the Inspector General. *The CIA-Contra-Crack Cocaine Controversy: A Review of the Justice Department's Investigations and Prosecutions.* December 1997, chapter VI. https://oig.justice.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/special/9712/ diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Robert Booth Nichols.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Robert Booth Nichols.md index 67156436..5059c625 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Robert Booth Nichols.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Robert Booth Nichols.md @@ -1,40 +1,75 @@ ---- +--- category: "Key Figures" -created: 2024-04-25 -updated: 2026-05-17 tags: - Person - PROMIS - - CIA - - Organized_Crime -summary: Robert Booth Nichols was an international intelligence operative and central figure in Danny Casolaro's Octopus investigation, with documented ties to NSC covert operations, organized crime networks including the Gambino and Bufalino families and the Yakuza, and arms development programs at the Wackenhut-Cabazon joint venture. -born: 1943 -location: Loma Linda, California + - OrganizedCrime + - TheOctopus + - Fraud +summary: "Businessman and self-described intelligence operative who was a principal source for Danny Casolaro, the subject of an FBI organized-crime investigation, and in 2004 the recipient of a ten-million-dollar fee from the Bayou hedge-fund fraud." +born: 1943-03-03 +location: + - "Los Angeles, California" + - "Honolulu, Hawaii" +relations: + - type: subject_of + with: "[[Federal Bureau of Investigation]]" + start: 1987-09 + role: "organized-crime investigation led by Special Agent Thomas Gates" + fn: 2 + - type: investigated + with: "[[Thomas Gates]]" + reverse: true + start: 1987-09 + fn: 2 + - type: head_of + with: "[[Meridian International Logistics]]" + fn: 2 + - type: contractor_to + with: "[[Samuel Israel III]]" + start: 2004-07-11 + role: "Financial and Security Consultancy Agreement; ten-million-dollar fee" + fn: 5 + - type: spouse_of + with: "[[Ellen M. Nichols]]" + fn: 5 + - type: director_of + with: "[[First Intercontinental Development Corporation]]" + role: "director, senior vice president, chairman of the investment committee (sole source: Seymour)" + fn: 1 +created: 2024-04-25 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -Robert Booth Nichols was born in 1943 or 1944. He appeared repeatedly in the investigative threads pursued by journalist [[Danny Casolaro]] and in FBI and DOJ records as an individual straddling the boundaries of U.S. intelligence operations and international organized crime. Despite extensive FBI investigation and wiretap surveillance, Nichols reportedly had no arrest record as of the time of Casolaro's death in 1991.[^1] -### Organizational Affiliations +Robert Booth Nichols was born in the [[United States]] on March 3, 1943.[^5] He was a principal source for the journalist [[Danny Casolaro]] in the investigation Casolaro called [[The Octopus]], and the subject of a [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] organized-crime investigation from 1987.[^2][^3] -Nichols served as a Director, Senior Vice President, and Chairman of the Investment Committee of the [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation]] (FIDCO), described in Casolaro's research as a [[National Security Council|NSC]] cutout used in Lebanon for covert operations, including negotiations around large-scale reconstruction financing and the arranged release of a prisoner. Other FIDCO board members included [[Michael A. McManus]], [[George K. Pender]], [[Robert Maheu]], [[Clint W. Murchison, Jr.]], [[Kenneth A. Roe]], [[Frances T. Fox]], [[William M. Pender]], and [[Glen R. Shockley]].[^1] +### Meridian and the FBI -Nichols was also a principal in Meridian International Logistics (MIL), a holding company that the Los Angeles FBI was investigating as "a source of funding for the purchasing of narcotics/controlled substances and the allocation and use of the proceeds from its trafficking." MIL was additionally described as an NSC cutout for funneling money to board members. [[Eugene Giaquinto]], then president of the [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] home entertainment division, sat on MIL's board, and FBI wiretaps on MCA recorded communications between Nichols and Giaquinto. Nichols also held the position of Chief Executive Officer of R.B.N. Companies, International, a holding company involved in high technology electronics manufacturing, real estate development, and international finance.[^1] +In September 1987 the FBI's [[Los Angeles]] division opened an investigation of Nichols, who, "acting through Meridian, was suspected of being involved in organized crime"; it was led by Special Agent [[Thomas Gates]], who learned that Nichols "had potential illegal contacts with individuals in both Japan and Australia" and pursued them through the FBI's legal attachés there. On June 16, 1989, Nichols's company, [[Meridian International Logistics]], sued Gates in California state court for eleven million dollars for libel, slander and interference with contracts, alleging that he had told the Australian Federal Police and others that Meridian was involved in organized crime and fraud; the former FBI agent [[Ted Gunderson]] filed a declaration that such foreign contacts "would never, under FBI policies, be initiated by an agent assigned to the Los Angeles field office." The government substituted itself for Gates, and on July 19, 1991, the Ninth Circuit reversed the dismissal of the suit.[^2] -Through a Meridian subsidiary, Meridian Arms, Nichols partnered with [[Michael Riconosciuto]] and provided technical assistance to [[Wackenhut Corporation]] in the proposed development of advanced armaments at the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation]] near Indio, California, including work on proposals for FMC Corporation covering advanced military technologies.[^1] +According to [[Cheri Seymour]], the FBI investigated Meridian as "a source of funding for the purchasing of narcotics/controlled substances"; [[Eugene Giaquinto]], president of the home entertainment division of [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]], sat on its board, and FBI wiretaps on MCA recorded his calls with Nichols.[^1] Gates swore in a 72-page affidavit to a federal court on an FBI wiretap of figures in the entertainment industry suspected of organized-crime ties; the House Judiciary Committee, which heard from Gates that the threads of Casolaro's inquiry led to "a single individual, Robert Booth Nichols," took "no position on any of Gates' assertions or suppositions vis-a-vis Nichols, except to note again that they were duly sworn statements."[^3] -### Intelligence Operations +### Allegations -Nichols was described by Casolaro's sources as a contract operative for the NSC at the time of Casolaro's death in August 1991, providing services across multiple government agencies on a for-hire basis. Documented activities included assisting [[Ignacio Paz]] of the Philippine government in removing large sums of money from the Philippines through Swiss bank accounts, and involvement in an NSC-directed narcotics operation in Lebanon conducted through Euramae Trading Company in Nicosia, Cyprus, where heroin flow was maintained to preserve the operational credibility of intelligence sources. Other figures in this network identified by Riconosciuto included [[Michael T. Hurley]] (DEA Country Attache), [[Maurice Ghanem]], and [[George Pender]].[^1] +Seymour's book, largely on the word of [[Michael Riconosciuto]], describes Nichols as a director, senior vice president and chairman of the investment committee of the [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation]], a company alleged to have served the [[National Security Council]] in Lebanon; as chief executive of R.B.N. Companies, International; as a contract operative for the NSC; as the man who helped [[Ignacio Paz]] of the Philippine government move money through Swiss accounts; and as a participant in a heroin operation run through Euramae Trading in Nicosia, [[Cyprus]]. In the same account he laundered money and gold for [[Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela|Gilberto Rodríguez]] and [[Jose Santacruz Londono|José Santacruz Londoño]] of the [[Cali Drug Cartel]], was linked to the [[Gambino Crime Family]], the [[Bufalino Crime Family]] and the [[Yakuza]], was called the "godson" of [[Harold Okimoto]] of Hawaii, and was the subject of investigations that the [[Department of Justice]] shut down.[^1] Neither the House report nor the special counsel [[Nicholas J. Bua]] mentions the First Intercontinental Development Corporation.[^3][^4] -### Organized Crime Connections +Riconosciuto swore to the House committee that [[Earl Brian]] and [[Peter Videnieks]] had delivered [[PROMIS]] to the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation]] for "refitting," and Seymour describes Nichols's company Meridian Arms as a partner of Riconosciuto in the proposed weapons work of the [[Wackenhut Corporation]] joint venture there. The committee called the material linking Nichols, Meridian Arms and Riconosciuto to the Cabazon-Wackenhut venture "speculative reports and fragmentary records," and the "continuing intersection" of those names "certainly intriguing and curious associations but without the requisite degree of causation and factual convergence necessary to draw conclusions."[^1][^3] Bua found Riconosciuto "totally unreliable."[^4] -The Los Angeles FBI investigated Nichols as a suspected international money launderer for both narcotics proceeds and organized crime. His telex number (652483 RBN ASSOCS LSA) was linked to financial transactions in Lebanon. He was described in DEA and FBI records as associated with illegal narcotics transportation through the [[Golden Triangle]] and was named in drug prosecutions as "Mr. Big" within the [[Medellin Cartel]]. According to Michael Riconosciuto, Nichols handled gold transfers, money laundering operations, and "virtual dead drops" for organized crime figures including [[Gilbert Rodriguez]] and [[Jose Santacruz Londono]] of the [[Cali Drug Cartel]]. He was linked to [[La Cosa Nostra]], specifically the [[Gambino Crime Family]] and [[Bufalino Crime Family]], and to the [[Yakuza]]. Nichols was also alleged to be the "godson" of [[Harold Okimoto]], described in intelligence records as a senior Japanese organized crime figure based in Hawaii.[^1] +Nichols testified in 1993, in his suit against the Los Angeles Police Department, that he had been a member of the American intelligence community for many years. The Justice Department's review of 1994 reported that "No evidence supports that claim. In fact, the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] informed us that it does not have, nor has it ever had, any employment relationship, contractual relationship or any other association with Mr. Booth Nichols," and that documents showed Howard Hughes's Summa Corporation had rejected the bid for its assets that Nichols testified he had been "instructed" to make in the late 1970s.[^4] -Investigations into Nichols' activities, including active FBI wiretap operations, were reportedly shut down by the [[Department of Justice|DOJ]] on multiple occasions when they approached high-level organized crime and narcotics connections.[^1] +### Casolaro -### Relationship with Danny Casolaro +Telephone records show that Casolaro and Nichols "spoke regularly and at length" in the last months of Casolaro's life, and the two had dinner at a restaurant in Virginia in the early summer of 1991. Nichols told committee investigators he had been "a sounding board" for Casolaro and would not give a sworn statement.[^3] On September 30, 1991, he told Detective Sergeant Swartwood of the Martinsburg police that he thought Casolaro had been murdered and that Riconosciuto "was probably involved in some way." The review noted a January 1993 *[[Spy (magazine)|Spy]]* article suggesting that Nichols had Casolaro killed for fear of being exposed as a would-be FBI informant against the Mafia, and found "no evidence that he had anything to do with Mr. Casolaro's death. Furthermore, he was in London on the day that Mr. Casolaro died."[^4] According to Seymour, Nichols had warned Casolaro to drop the investigation and went to Martinsburg to press him in person, Casolaro had confronted him shortly before his death about [[Michael Abbell]] and the Cali cartel, and Nichols later wrote a manuscript, "Danny Casolaro's Octopus."[^1] -Casolaro spent hundreds of hours in telephone communication with Nichols during the course of his [[The Octopus|Octopus]] investigation. According to Riconosciuto, Nichols had warned Casolaro to abandon his investigation, and flew to Martinsburg, [[West Virginia]], to press him in person about the danger. In the period immediately before Casolaro's death on August 10, 1991, Casolaro had confronted Nichols with information about Nichols' connection to [[Michael Abbell]] and the Cali Drug Cartel, a lead Riconosciuto had provided. Nichols subsequently wrote a manuscript titled "Danny Casolaro's Octopus" after Casolaro's death, in which Nichols indicated his personal belief that Casolaro had been murdered.[^1] +### The Bayou Fee + +In the spring of 2004 Nichols offered [[Samuel Israel III]], manager of the Bayou hedge funds, access to what British investigators later described as programs with "all of the hallmarks of fraudulent prime bank note programs." After more than 150 million dollars of Bayou money passed through a London account of the "Humanitarian Coalition Aid Foundation" and back in April 2004, Nichols and Israel signed a "Financial and Security Consultancy Agreement" on July 11, 2004, and on July 19 Israel wired ten million dollars to accounts in Germany, Liechtenstein, Singapore and the [[United Kingdom]] in the name of or controlled by Nichols, about eight million of which ended in a London account in the names of Nichols and his wife, Ellen. The Bayou funds' liquidating entity sued the couple in 2008 to recover the fee as a fraudulent transfer; they answered that he had received it "for value, in good faith and without knowledge of the alleged voidability of the transfer." Nichols was deposed on video at the [[U.S. Attorney's office]] in Manhattan on December 16, 2008, and the case was closed on April 28, 2010.[^5][^6] At the time his address was in Honolulu.[^5] ### Footnotes -[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. +[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. Sole source for the claims so attributed, many of them from Michael Riconosciuto. +[^2]: *Meridian International Logistics, Inc. v. United States,* 939 F.2d 740 (9th Cir. 1991). https://openjurist.org/939/f2d/740 +[^3]: U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary. *The INSLAW Affair,* H. Rept. 102-857, September 10, 1992, section on Earl Brian, Michael Riconosciuto, Robert Booth Nichols and the Cabazon Indian Reservation, and memorandum of interview with Nichols, January 21, 1992. https://archive.org/details/InslawAffairInvestigativeReport +[^4]: U.S. Department of Justice. *Report of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua,* March 1993 (Riconosciuto's credibility), and *Report on the Review of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua's Report,* September 27, 1994, section on the death of Danny Casolaro, citing *Booth Nichols v. City of Los Angeles,* No. NCC 31322B, trial transcript, March 11, 1993. https://archive.org/details/doj-oip-inslaw-1993 +[^5]: Annis, Stephen Robert, Assets Recovery Agency. Witness statement in support of an application for a restraint order, *In the Matter of Robert Booth Nichols,* Crown Court at Blackfriars, PCA 2007/0003; Financial and Security Consultancy Agreement, July 11, 2004; Answer of Robert B. Nichols and Ellen M. Nichols, June 12, 2008; all filed in *Bayou Management, LLC v. Nichols,* No. 08-cv-06036 (S.D.N.Y.). https://archive.org/details/SamIsraelIII-BayouManagement-RobertBoothNicholsCourtFilings +[^6]: Nichols, Robert Booth. Videotaped deposition, December 16, 2008, *United States v. Samuel Israel III,* 05 Cr. 1039 (S.D.N.Y.), and *Bayou Management, LLC v. Nichols.* https://archive.org/details/robert-booth-nichols ; docket, *Bayou Management, LLC v. Nichols,* 1:08-cv-06036 (S.D.N.Y.), filed July 2, 2008, terminated April 28, 2010, CourtListener. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Robert Sobel.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Robert Sobel.md index 0a601ca2..f3776b63 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Robert Sobel.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Robert Sobel.md @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Sobel later acknowledged that "as time went on it became common knowledge among ### Results -By late January 1987, the task force had served fifteen search warrants, arrested five people, seized nearly eight pounds of [[cocaine]] worth $1.3 million, $63,122 in cash, and twenty guns. After Ross's arrest on May 5, 1987, the LAPD issued a press release announcing the seizure of $13.3 million in cocaine, $240,000 in cash, sixty-two firearms, and sixty-one search warrants served. Deputy LAPD chief Glenn Levant called the Freeway Rick Task Force "a model for other jurisdictions to follow to attack mid-level cocaine trafficking in California." The celebrations were short-lived; tape-recorded evidence of a frame-up led a judge to dismiss all charges.[^1] +By late January 1987, the task force had served fifteen search warrants, arrested five people, seized nearly eight pounds of [[Cocaine]] worth $1.3 million, $63,122 in cash, and twenty guns. After Ross's arrest on May 5, 1987, the LAPD issued a press release announcing the seizure of $13.3 million in cocaine, $240,000 in cash, sixty-two firearms, and sixty-one search warrants served. Deputy LAPD chief Glenn Levant called the Freeway Rick Task Force "a model for other jurisdictions to follow to attack mid-level cocaine trafficking in California." The celebrations were short-lived; tape-recorded evidence of a frame-up led a judge to dismiss all charges.[^1] ### Majors II and Operation Big Spender diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Ronald Reagan.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Ronald Reagan.md index 8cd506cf..97b632b7 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Ronald Reagan.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Ronald Reagan.md @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Ronald Reagan was the 40th President of the [[United States]], serving from 1981 Reagan authorized [[Central Intelligence Agency]] operations in [[Nicaragua]] and made the Contra war a central pillar of his foreign policy.[^2] He signed Executive Order 12333 in 1981, the same week he authorized CIA operations in Nicaragua, establishing rules that gave the CIA veto power over Justice Department crimes reporting proposals. This framework led to the secret 1982 agreement between CIA director [[William J. Casey]] and Attorney General [[William French Smith]] that exempted CIA assets from drug crimes reporting.[^3] -Reagan's administration simultaneously prosecuted the "War on Drugs" while the CIA's Contra army was connected to [[cocaine]] trafficking in American cities. The passage of anti-crack laws during Reagan's presidency packed prisons with thousands of young black dealers while the cocaine importers who supplied them walked free.[^4] +Reagan's administration simultaneously prosecuted the "War on Drugs" while the CIA's Contra army was connected to [[Cocaine]] trafficking in American cities. The passage of anti-crack laws during Reagan's presidency packed prisons with thousands of young black dealers while the cocaine importers who supplied them walked free.[^4] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Rosemary Smith.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Rosemary Smith.md index ccdcd25f..77c1d0be 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Rosemary Smith.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Rosemary Smith.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tags: - Soviet summary: "Remote viewer associated with the Stargate Project who in 1976 allegedly located a lost Soviet spy plane." --- -[[Rosemary Smith]] was a [[Remote Viewing|remote viewer]] associated with the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]]. In 1976, she allegedly located a lost [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] spy plane, an event that is noted in the project's timeline. While details of this specific success are not extensively elaborated in the *Remote Viewers* narrative, her inclusion in the timeline suggests her significance within the program's history.[^1] +[[Rosemary Smith]] was a [[Remote Viewing|remote viewer]] associated with the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]]. In 1976, she allegedly located a lost [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] spy plane, an event that is noted in the project's timeline. While details of this specific success are not extensively elaborated in the *Remote Viewers* narrative, her inclusion in the timeline suggests her significance within the program's history.[^1] --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Sandra Smith.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Sandra Smith.md index 79bc0b1a..0802f800 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Sandra Smith.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Sandra Smith.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Sandra Smith was a DEA agent who filed an affidavit in 1981 documenting Norwin Meneses's involvement in cocaine trafficking, years before the Frogman Case. --- -Sandra Smith was a [[DEA]] agent who filed an affidavit in November 1981 documenting [[Norwin Meneses]]'s involvement in [[cocaine]] trafficking. Smith's affidavit stated: "The Drug Enforcement Administration has evidence that Meneses is a major narcotics trafficker."[^1] +Sandra Smith was a [[DEA]] agent who filed an affidavit in November 1981 documenting [[Norwin Meneses]]'s involvement in [[Cocaine]] trafficking. Smith's affidavit stated: "The Drug Enforcement Administration has evidence that Meneses is a major narcotics trafficker."[^1] ### Early Warnings diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Sheila Ostrander.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Sheila Ostrander.md index 0fccdfcf..b406b320 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Sheila Ostrander.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Sheila Ostrander.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ summary: "Ostrander and Schroeder's work, which included accounts from figures l --- [[Sheila Ostrander]] is an American author who, along with [[Lynn Schroeder]], co-authored the 1970 book *Psychic Discoveries Behind the [[Iron Curtain]]*. This book played a significant role in popularizing Soviet and Eastern European [[Parapsychology|psi]] research in the West. The book portrayed a "veritable frenzy of psychic research" going on in the [[Soviet Union|USSR]], with investigators uncovering powerful natural clairvoyants, psychokinetic prodigies, and dowsers whose talents could potentially be employed against the West.[^1] -Ostrander and Schroeder's work, which included accounts from figures like [[Eduard Naumov]], contributed to the growing awareness and concern within the U.S. intelligence community about a potential "psi gap" with the Soviet Union, ultimately influencing the decision to fund and initiate programs like the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]].[^1] +Ostrander and Schroeder's work, which included accounts from figures like [[Eduard Naumov]], contributed to the growing awareness and concern within the U.S. intelligence community about a potential "psi gap" with the Soviet Union, ultimately influencing the decision to fund and initiate programs like the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]].[^1] --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Shimon Peres.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Shimon Peres.md index 361d4925..c8e638e6 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Shimon Peres.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Shimon Peres.md @@ -10,41 +10,41 @@ died: 2016-09-28 location: "Wiszniew, Poland" --- -[[Shimon Peres]] was a prominent [[Israel|Israeli]] politician who served as Defense Minister and later as Prime Minister. He was a key figure in [[Israel|Israel's]] political and military landscape for decades, playing particularly significant roles in the country's nuclear program and various covert operations.[^1] +[[Shimon Peres]] was a prominent [[Israel|Israeli]] politician who served as Defense Minister and later as Prime Minister. He was a key figure in Israel's political and military landscape for decades, playing particularly significant roles in the country's nuclear program and various covert operations.[^1] ### Early Career and Nuclear Program Leadership -Peres's rise to influence began in late 1953, when [[David Ben-Gurion]] appointed the then thirty-year-old [[Shimon Peres]] as director general of the ministry of defense. In this pivotal role, Peres, alongside [[Ernst David Bergmann]], became instrumental in driving [[Israel]]'s nuclear weapons program, which was publicly presented as research for peaceful purposes. Recognizing the financial challenges of such an ambitious undertaking, Peres, Ben-Gurion, and Bergmann sought private financing from wealthy American and European Jews to fund this secret endeavor.[^2] +Peres's rise to influence began in late 1953, when [[David Ben-Gurion]] appointed the then thirty-year-old Shimon Peres as director general of the ministry of defense. In this pivotal role, Peres, alongside [[Ernst David Bergmann]], became instrumental in driving Israel's nuclear weapons program, which was publicly presented as research for peaceful purposes. Recognizing the financial challenges of such an ambitious undertaking, Peres, Ben-Gurion, and Bergmann sought private financing from wealthy American and European Jews to fund this secret endeavor.[^2] -As the architect of [[Israel|Israel's]] nuclear ambitions, [[Shimon Peres|Peres]] was effectively the father of [[Israel|Israel's]] nuclear program in the mid-1950s. Working under [[David Ben-Gurion]], he believed that [[Israel]] needed nuclear weapons as a deterrent against [[Arab countries]]. Understanding the technical requirements, Peres knew that no plutonium weapon could be made without a reprocessing plant, and that its construction was impossible without French commitment.[^2] +As the architect of Israel's nuclear ambitions, Peres was effectively the father of Israel's nuclear program in the mid-1950s. Working under David Ben-Gurion, he believed that Israel needed nuclear weapons as a deterrent against [[Arab countries]]. Understanding the technical requirements, Peres knew that no plutonium weapon could be made without a reprocessing plant, and that its construction was impossible without French commitment.[^2] -Peres also insisted on the creation of a new intelligence agency, initially known as the Office of Special Tasks, to provide security for the burgeoning nuclear operation at [[Dimona]]. This office, handpicked by Peres and led by [[Binyamin Blumberg]], was bureaucratically placed inside the defense ministry and would later become known as LAKAM.[^3] +Peres also insisted on the creation of a new intelligence agency, initially known as the Office of Special Tasks, to provide security for the burgeoning nuclear operation at [[Dimona]]. This office, handpicked by Peres and led by [[Binyamin Blumberg]], was bureaucratically placed inside the defense ministry and would later become known as [[LAKAM]].[^3] ### International Nuclear Partnerships -Peres's diplomatic efforts proved crucial in securing international support for [[Israel]]'s nuclear program. He traveled to [[France]] to secure assistance for [[Israel]]'s nuclear ambitions, and in 1956, he flew to [[France]] to secure a weapons-grade nuclear reactor and technology for a nuclear bomb from [[Charles de Gaulle|President Charles de Gaulle]]. Beyond the French connection, Peres also arranged for the sale of high-performance French bombers to [[Israel]] in 1955, bypassing diplomatic niceties.[^2] +Peres's diplomatic efforts proved crucial in securing international support for Israel's nuclear program. He traveled to [[France]] to secure assistance for Israel's nuclear ambitions, and in 1956, he flew to France to secure a weapons-grade nuclear reactor and technology for a nuclear bomb from [[Charles de Gaulle|President Charles de Gaulle]]. Beyond the French connection, Peres also arranged for the sale of high-performance French bombers to Israel in 1955, bypassing diplomatic niceties.[^2] -Expanding [[Israel]]'s nuclear partnerships further, Peres initiated military cooperation with [[South Africa]] in 1959. This arrangement involved [[South Africa]] selling uranium to [[Israel]] and later financing parts of [[Israel|Israel's]] nuclear program, creating a mutually beneficial relationship that would support [[Israel]]'s nuclear development for years to come.[^1] +Expanding Israel's nuclear partnerships further, Peres initiated military cooperation with [[South Africa]] in 1959. This arrangement involved South Africa selling uranium to Israel and later financing parts of Israel's nuclear program, creating a mutually beneficial relationship that would support Israel's nuclear development for years to come.[^1] ### Controversies and Covert Operations -Peres's career was not without scandal. In 1976, a telegram intercepted by [[Unit 8200]] revealed details of bribes paid by a [[Lockheed Aircraft Company|Lockheed]] representative in [[Israel]] to Defense Minister [[Shimon Peres|Peres]]. The sum involved was $3.5 million, deposited in one of [[Shimon Peres|Peres's]] brother's business accounts in [[Europe]]. This damaging information, discovered by [[Ari Ben-Menashe]], was subsequently covered up by [[Israel|Israeli]] military intelligence superiors.[^1] +Peres's career was not without scandal. In 1976, a telegram intercepted by [[Unit 8200]] revealed details of bribes paid by a [[Lockheed Aircraft Company|Lockheed]] representative in Israel to Defense Minister Peres. The sum involved was $3.5 million, deposited in one of Peres's brother's business accounts in [[Europe]]. This damaging information, discovered by [[Ari Ben-Menashe]], was subsequently covered up by Israeli military intelligence superiors.[^1] -The 1980s brought new controversies involving arms sales to [[Iran]]. In 1980, [[William J. Casey]] invited [[Shimon Peres|Peres]], then [[Labor Party]] leader, to participate in secret meetings concerning arms sales to [[Iran]]. [[Shimon Peres|Peres]] secretly met with [[Mehdi Karrubi]] in [[Madrid]], actions that drew sharp criticism when they came to light. When [[Menachem Begin]] learned of this unauthorized diplomacy, he warned [[Shimon Peres|Peres]] that such actions without government knowledge would be considered treason.[^1] +The 1980s brought new controversies involving arms sales to [[Iran]]. In 1980, [[William J. Casey]] invited Peres, then [[Labor Party]] leader, to participate in secret meetings concerning arms sales to Iran. Peres secretly met with [[Mehdi Karrubi]] in [[Madrid]], actions that drew sharp criticism when they came to light. When [[Menachem Begin]] learned of this unauthorized diplomacy, he warned Peres that such actions without government knowledge would be considered treason.[^1] ### Prime Ministerial Tenure and Arms Trading -In 1984, [[Shimon Peres|Peres]] became Prime Minister as part of a bizarre coalition agreement with [[Yitzhak Shamir]] of the [[Likud Party]], where they would share the roles of prime minister and foreign minister. During his tenure as prime minister (1984-1986), [[Shimon Peres|Peres]] appointed [[Amiram Nir]] as his counterterrorism adviser, a decision that would have significant implications for [[Israel]]'s covert operations.[^1] +In 1984, Peres became Prime Minister as part of a bizarre coalition agreement with [[Yitzhak Shamir]] of the [[Likud Party]], where they would share the roles of prime minister and foreign minister. During his tenure as prime minister (1984-1986), Peres appointed [[Amiram Nir]] as his counterterrorism adviser, a decision that would have significant implications for Israel's covert operations.[^1] -During this period, Peres sought to expand [[Israel]]'s involvement in international arms trading. He worked to open a competing arms channel to [[Iran]] to gain control over the profitable arms sales and to undermine the [[Iran-Israel Joint Committee|existing intelligence-community channel]]. This involvement extended to the broader [[United States|U.S.]] policy of arming both [[Iran]] and [[Iraq]], with [[Shimon Peres|Peres]] encouraging [[Bruce Rappaport]] to buy military equipment from [[Israel]] and divert it to [[Iraq]].[^1] +During this period, Peres sought to expand Israel's involvement in international arms trading. He worked to open a competing arms channel to Iran to gain control over the profitable arms sales and to undermine the [[Iran-Israel Joint Committee|existing intelligence-community channel]]. This involvement extended to the broader [[United States|U.S.]] policy of arming both Iran and [[Iraq]], with Peres encouraging [[Bruce Rappaport]] to buy military equipment from Israel and divert it to Iraq.[^1] -Despite his involvement in these controversial arms dealings, Peres also supported diplomatic initiatives, including the idea of a peace conference with the [[Palestinians]]. However, this proposal was blocked by [[Yitzhak Shamir]] and the [[Likud Party]], reflecting the ongoing political tensions within [[Israel]]'s coalition government.[^1] +Despite his involvement in these controversial arms dealings, Peres also supported diplomatic initiatives, including the idea of a peace conference with the [[Palestinians]]. However, this proposal was blocked by Yitzhak Shamir and the Likud Party, reflecting the ongoing political tensions within Israel's coalition government.[^1] ### Later Political Developments -The legacy of Peres's covert operations continued to create complications even after his prime ministerial tenure. [[Amiram Nir|Nir's]] death in 1988 was believed by [[Israel|Israeli]] intelligence to be a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] operation to prevent his testimony from embarrassing [[Shimon Peres|Peres]], [[Ronald Reagan]], or [[George H.W. Bush]], highlighting the international ramifications of the arms trading networks Peres had helped establish.[^1] +The legacy of Peres's covert operations continued to create complications even after his prime ministerial tenure. Nir's death in 1988 was believed by Israeli intelligence to be a [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] operation to prevent his testimony from embarrassing Peres, [[Ronald Reagan]], or [[George H.W. Bush]], highlighting the international ramifications of the arms trading networks Peres had helped establish.[^1] -Peres's long political career eventually faced a significant setback in 1992, when he was ousted as leader of the [[Labor Party]] by [[Yitzhak Rabin]], who then replaced [[Yitzhak Shamir]] as prime minister after the national elections, marking the end of an era in [[Israel|Israeli]] politics.[^1] +Peres's long political career eventually faced a significant setback in 1992, when he was ousted as leader of the Labor Party by [[Yitzhak Rabin]], who then replaced Yitzhak Shamir as prime minister after the national elections, marking the end of an era in Israeli politics.[^1] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Socrates Sofi-Perez.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Socrates Sofi-Perez.md index 14d3d903..7159d6f9 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Socrates Sofi-Perez.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Socrates Sofi-Perez.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Socrates Sofi-Perez was a Cuban [[Bay of Pigs|Bay of Pigs]] veteran and [[DEA]] ### Informant for Castillo -Castillo recruited Sofi-Perez as an informant while based in [[Guatemala City]]. Sofi-Perez provided detailed information about the Contra drug operation at Ilopango, where pilots flew weapons south to the Contras and returned with [[cocaine]]. His testimony as a Bay of Pigs veteran and Contra insider gave credibility to Castillo's reports to DEA headquarters, which were subsequently ignored. Sofi-Perez's account was among the earliest detailed descriptions of the drug trafficking operation at Ilopango Air Base that the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] and [[Oliver North]] were running.[^2] +Castillo recruited Sofi-Perez as an informant while based in [[Guatemala City]]. Sofi-Perez provided detailed information about the Contra drug operation at Ilopango, where pilots flew weapons south to the Contras and returned with [[Cocaine]]. His testimony as a Bay of Pigs veteran and Contra insider gave credibility to Castillo's reports to DEA headquarters, which were subsequently ignored. Sofi-Perez's account was among the earliest detailed descriptions of the drug trafficking operation at Ilopango Air Base that the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] and [[Oliver North]] were running.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Steve Polak.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Steve Polak.md index b1d531aa..1fe5be06 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Steve Polak.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Steve Polak.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ tags: - Dark_Alliance_Investigation summary: LAPD narcotics detective who patrolled South Central Los Angeles from the earliest days of crack cocaine and developed an intense personal vendetta against Ricky Ross, ultimately planting a kilo of cocaine to frame him. --- -Steve Polak was an [[LAPD]] narcotics detective who worked the streets of [[South Central Los Angeles|South Central L.A.]] from the earliest days of [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] in 1982. He became the most aggressive member of the Freeway Rick Task Force and ultimately planted a kilo of [[cocaine]] to frame [[Ricky Ross|"Freeway" Ricky Ross]].[^2] +Steve Polak was an [[LAPD]] narcotics detective who worked the streets of [[South Central Los Angeles|South Central L.A.]] from the earliest days of [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] in 1982. He became the most aggressive member of the Freeway Rick Task Force and ultimately planted a kilo of [[Cocaine]] to frame [[Ricky Ross|"Freeway" Ricky Ross]].[^2] ### Early Career diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Walter Pincus.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Walter Pincus.md index a7c6712d..d6afd797 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Walter Pincus.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Walter Pincus.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ In 1975, the [[New York Times]] selected Pincus to review ex-CIA officer Philip ### Attack on Dark Alliance -In October 1996, Pincus and coauthor Roberto Suro published "The CIA and Crack: Evidence is Lacking of Alleged Plot." The story falsely claimed the series made a "racially charged allegation that the CIA's army of Contras deliberately targeted the black community." Despite [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s testimony that he sold 200 to 300 kilos of [[cocaine]] for [[Norwin Meneses]] in [[Los Angeles]] and sent all profits to the [[Contras]], the Post quoted unnamed officials saying Blandón sold only "$30,000 to $60,000 worth of cocaine in two transactions." The story dove through the "window" that prosecutor [[LJ Oneale]] had opened at trial, accepting Blandón's claim he quit dealing Contra cocaine before meeting [[Ricky Ross]]. It buried key admissions, including that "the CIA knew about some of these activities and did little or nothing to stop them."[^1] +In October 1996, Pincus and coauthor Roberto Suro published "The CIA and Crack: Evidence is Lacking of Alleged Plot." The story falsely claimed the series made a "racially charged allegation that the CIA's army of Contras deliberately targeted the black community." Despite [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s testimony that he sold 200 to 300 kilos of [[Cocaine]] for [[Norwin Meneses]] in [[Los Angeles]] and sent all profits to the [[Contras]], the Post quoted unnamed officials saying Blandón sold only "$30,000 to $60,000 worth of cocaine in two transactions." The story dove through the "window" that prosecutor [[LJ Oneale]] had opened at trial, accepting Blandón's claim he quit dealing Contra cocaine before meeting [[Ricky Ross]]. It buried key admissions, including that "the CIA knew about some of these activities and did little or nothing to stop them."[^1] ### Role in Iran-Contra Investigation diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Warwick Spinks.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Warwick Spinks.md index 36c97117..344248b3 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Warwick Spinks.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/Warwick Spinks.md @@ -3,22 +3,39 @@ category: "Key Figures" tags: - Person - OrganizedCrime -summary: "Warwick Spinks was a British child trafficker and pedophile who operated in Amsterdam during the 1980s and 1990s." + - ChildTrafficking + - Amsterdam +summary: "British procurer who ran the Gay Palace on Amsterdam's Spuistraat, was jailed in 1995 for abducting a London runaway and selling him to a brothel, and told an undercover officer about snuff films." +relations: + - type: subject_of + with: "[[Operation Framework]]" + role: "principal target of the Scotland Yard and Dutch inquiry into alleged snuff films" + fn: 2 +created: 2026-04-28 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -Warwick Spinks was a British child trafficker and pedophile who operated in [[Amsterdam]] during the 1980s and 1990s. He managed the Gay Palace, a boy brothel masquerading as a gay nightclub in Amsterdam's Spuistraat district. Spinks was involved in mail order boy prostitution and pornography, pioneering the trafficking of boys as young as 10 from [[London]] streets and later from Eastern Europe after the Soviet Union's collapse. He operated multiple criminal enterprises including a mail order pornography business originally run from [[Brighton]] before moving to Amsterdam, a boy trafficking operation bringing children from London and Eastern Europe to Amsterdam, a concierge service renting apartments to foreign pedophiles and acting as their facilitator, and canal boat operations using boats outside central Amsterdam as discreet locations for his escort service.[^1] -### Criminal Operations and The Blue Boy Incident +Warwick Spinks, a Londoner who had run a mail-order pornography business from [[Brighton]], managed the [[Gay Palace]] at 44 Spuistraat in [[Amsterdam]] in the late 1980s, across the road from [[Boys Club 21]], run by the Welsh paedophile [[Alan Williams]]. Both clubs offered adult male prostitutes legally. Spinks also trafficked boys as young as ten into the city's sex industry, first homeless boys from [[London]] and, after the collapse of the [[Soviet Union]], boys from [[East Germany]], [[Poland]], the Czech Republic and Slovakia, whom he used himself, sold to brothels and escort agencies, and filmed.[^1][^2] In his flat police later found lists headed "Klantenlyst" and "Jongenlyst," clients and boys.[^1] -In August 1993, a British boy escaped from The Blue Boy nightclub in Amsterdam's Spuistraat district and sought help at the UK Embassy. The boy, a runaway from [[Hastings]], reported that Spinks had picked him up off the street in London, kept him drugged with LSD and raped him at knifepoint, transported him to Amsterdam in a drug-induced stupor, and sold him into prostitution. Spinks received a seven-year sentence that was reduced to five, of which he served only three and a half years. Upon release, he immediately violated parole and fled to the [[Czech Republic]], where he remained undisturbed for over a decade. In November 2012, he was briefly extradited back to the UK just weeks into [[Operation Yewtree]] and before [[Operation Fernbridge]] launched into the [[Elm Guest House]]. He was soon released and returned to [[Prague]].[^1] +### The Blue Boy Case -Spinks was named as an alleged visitor to the Elm Guest House, where VIP child abuse was investigated. Police reportedly re-examined his files amid claims he was a regular visitor and that a boy had died at the club while an MP was present. His business operations included [[TAG Films]], a production company linked to German distributor [[Gero-Video]] in [[Dusseldorf]]. The 1993 investigation into Spinks and [[TAG Films]] led to a German police raid of Gero-Video. Spinks was also implicated in the disappearance of 12-year-old German boy [[Manuel Schadwald]], as [[Robbie Van Der Plancken]] testified that Manuel Schadwald was sold to Spinks in Amsterdam. Multiple sources confirmed Spinks' connection to the case through the [[Zandvoort]] child pornography investigation, with evidence suggesting Manuel Schadwald was murdered in connection with this network.[^1] +On the night of August 2, 1993, a fourteen-year-old boy from the north east of England, called "Gary" in the press, climbed out of a toilet window of the [[Blue Boy]] club on Spuistraat and found a policeman; the British Embassy repatriated him the next day and alerted [[Scotland Yard]]. He said that Spinks had earlier taken him and a friend to his flat in [[Hastings]], given them [[LSD]] and, at knifepoint, photographed and raped them, and that at the end of July Spinks had drugged him again, taken him by Jetfoil from Dover to Ostend on a false identity card in the name of Michael Samuels, and sold him to the Blue Boy. The Paedophilia Unit found the photographs and the mugshot used for the false card in Spinks's flat in George Street, Hastings. Spinks was sentenced at Lewes Crown Court in 1995 to seven years for abduction and buggery, cut on appeal to five.[^1][^2] He absconded from a London probation hostel before completing the sentence, defrauded several credit card companies on a spending spree in the boy bars of Fuggerstrasse in [[Berlin]], and settled in [[Prague]].[^2] -### Snuff Film Allegations and Criminal Network +### Operation Framework -Spinks was the primary target of [[Operation Framework]] (1992-93), a joint Dutch/[[Metropolitan Police]] investigation into suspected [[snuff film]] pornography production. Multiple informants provided detailed testimony about Spinks' activities. An informant named "Frank" described a snuff film shown by Spinks featuring a boy being tortured with needles, then castrated and cut open with a knife in a barn. Another informant "Terry" described a similar snuff film with identical torture methods but filmed in an apartment. A third informant "Edward" claimed to have seen at least five snuff films produced by Spinks and associates at locations including a house in [[Hoofddorp]] and a houseboat. Scotland Yard informants reported seeing films at the [[Gay Palace]] showing boys aged 11-14 being raped by masked men.[^1] +In 1990 informants told the Obscene Publications Squad that videos of boys aged eleven to fourteen being raped by masked men were being shown at the Gay Palace; one said he had seen Spinks selling a video of an eight- or nine-year-old boy being tortured for 4,000 pounds. A drug dealer called "Frank" told Scotland Yard in 1993 that Spinks had shown him, in a bar in the Canary Islands, a video in which a boy of about twelve was attacked with needles, castrated and cut open in what looked like a Dutch barn. Scotland Yard and the Dutch police then set up [[Operation Framework]], in which an undercover officer befriended Spinks in England.[^2] Told that friends had been offered a snuff film for 6,000 pounds, Spinks said: "They're not six grand. I know, well I knew some people who were involved in making snuff movies and how they did it was, they only sold them in limited editions, made ten copies or something, ten very rich customers in America, who paid $5,000 each or something like that." He went on: "I know the person who made the film. I felt sorry for this boy, it was a German boy." Asked how old, he replied: "About 13, 15. He thought he was going to make 200 guilders and ended up being dead."[^1] He produced no film, and the operation ended with his arrest on the Blue Boy charges.[^2] -Spinks made a damning admission to an undercover officer, stating: "I know the person who made the film. I felt sorry for this boy, it was a German Boy. About 13, 15. He thought he was going to make 200 guilders and ended up being dead." Spinks described the snuff film business as producing "limited editions" with only 10 copies sold for $5,000 each to wealthy American customers. His key associates included [[Alan Williams]] ("The Welsh Witch") who managed [[Boys Club 21]], another boy brothel across from The Blue Boy, [[Lee Tucker]] and [[John Gay]] who were Welsh pedophiles that formed [[TAG Films]] production company with Williams, [[Lothar Glandorf]] who was a German child trafficker owning boy brothels in [[Rotterdam]], and [[Russell Tricker]] who was an associate of [[Spartacus International]]'s [[Peter Glencross]]. Spinks also linked up with [[Chris Denning]], the former [[BBC]] DJ, in Prague after his prison release, demonstrating the international connections between various pedophile networks operating across Europe.[^1] +A Birmingham man called "Edward" told Dutch and British police that he had seen five videos made by Spinks and Frank's circle in which boys were abused and killed, one on a boat, and took them to a house in [[Hoofddorp]] and to a lake where he said bodies had been dumped; Dutch police confirmed that Spinks had lived at one of the houses he identified, and said they found no evidence to support the claims.[^1][^2] A later informant for the Avon and Somerset police described a similar video shot in a flat.[^2] + +### Manuel Schadwald and the Elm Guest House + +[[Robbie Van Der Plancken]], who had worked in the Rotterdam brothels of [[Lothar Glandorf]], claimed in an unbroadcast part of a Dutch television interview that the missing Berlin boy [[Manuel Schadwald]] had been sold to Spinks in Amsterdam; a bar owner told the journalist [[Nick Davies]] he thought he had once seen the boy with Spinks, then said he could easily have been mistaken. A joint Dutch and Berlin police inquiry found no sign of the boy, and Frank said Spinks had hinted that a German boy named Manny had been murdered.[^2][^3] + +On December 6, 2014, *The Sun* reported, from confidential sources, that the [[Metropolitan Police]] had been told by two informants that a boy had died while being abused in the Blue Boy with a Member of Parliament present, that Spinks had arranged the MP's trip, and that police were re-examining his files amid claims that he had visited the [[Elm Guest House]]. Spinks complained to the Independent Press Standards Organisation that he had never run the Blue Boy, never given an MP tours of Amsterdam, was not a suspect and had never visited the guest house. The complaint was not upheld; the newspaper offered to add his denial.[^4] ### Footnotes -[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). Eye of the Chickenhawk. United States: Thehotstar. \ No newline at end of file +[^1]: Davies, Nick. "A paedophile ring in Amsterdam." *The Guardian,* April 5, 1997, mirrored at nickdavies.net. +[^2]: Davies, Nick. "Paedophilia is easy 2: how a paedophile murder inquiry fell apart." *The Guardian,* November 27, 2000, mirrored at nickdavies.net. +[^3]: Davies, Nick. "Paedophile networks traffick young boys across Europe." *The Guardian,* October 1, 1998, mirrored at nickdavies.net. +[^4]: Independent Press Standards Organisation. *Spinks v The Sun,* ruling 02292-14, April 28, 2015. https://www.ipso.co.uk/rulings/02292-14/ diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/William Odom.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/William Odom.md index 2741c9a4..8178552f 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/William Odom.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/William Odom.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ born: 1932-06-23 died: 2008-05-30 location: "Cookeville, Tennessee" --- -William Odom was a [[U.S. Army]] Major General who succeeded [[Edmund Thompson]] as the Army's Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence (ACSI) in 1981. Odom was generally skeptical of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, often expressing embarrassment that the Army was spending money on paranormal research.[^1] +William Odom was a [[U.S. Army]] Major General who succeeded [[Edmund Thompson]] as the Army's Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence (ACSI) in 1981. Odom was generally skeptical of the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program, often expressing embarrassment that the Army was spending money on paranormal research.[^1] Despite being shown compelling evidence of remote viewing accuracy, such as [[Joe McMoneagle]]'s predictions about the bugging of the U.S. Embassy in Moscow, Odom remained dismissive, stating, "Yes, we know that already." He appeared to believe that, whether or not there was anything to it, it was something best left alone by the military. His skepticism was rooted in a secular viewpoint, though some proponents of the program suspected a deeper, almost "Inquisition-like" opposition to psi. He was particularly concerned about the public perception of the program, fearing the "mortification and embarrassment" that would arise if the program were exposed.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/William Rolya.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/William Rolya.md index 1f9083b4..bf5f7b38 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/William Rolya.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(N-S)/William Rolya.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tags: - RemoteViewer summary: "INSCOM commander who provided tacit support for the military's remote viewing program during the early years of the Stargate Project." --- -[[William Rolya]] was the [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] commander during the early years of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]]. He tacitly supported the program, along with Army Chief of Staff [[Edward Meyer]] and Secretary of the Army [[Clifford Alexander]]. His support, though not always overt, contributed to the project's ability to continue operating despite its controversial nature and minimal budget.[^1] +[[William Rolya]] was the [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] commander during the early years of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]]. He tacitly supported the program, along with Army Chief of Staff [[Edward Meyer]] and Secretary of the Army [[Clifford Alexander]]. His support, though not always overt, contributed to the project's ability to continue operating despite its controversial nature and minimal budget.[^1] --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Edgar Torres.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Edgar Torres.md index 020c3dfe..cb95220e 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Edgar Torres.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Edgar Torres.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Edgar Torres was one of the Nicaraguan Torres brothers who became major cocaine traffickers and key distributors for Danilo Blandón's drug network in Los Angeles. --- -Edgar Torres was one of the Nicaraguan Torres brothers who became major [[cocaine]] traffickers and key distributors for [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s drug network in [[Los Angeles]]. Along with his brother [[Jacinto Torres|Jacinto]], Edgar managed the East Los Angeles distribution hub that moved massive quantities of cocaine supplied by Blandón and [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]].[^1] +Edgar Torres was one of the Nicaraguan Torres brothers who became major [[Cocaine]] traffickers and key distributors for [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s drug network in [[Los Angeles]]. Along with his brother [[Jacinto Torres|Jacinto]], Edgar managed the East Los Angeles distribution hub that moved massive quantities of cocaine supplied by Blandón and [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]].[^1] ### The Torres Brothers Network diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Edmund Thompson.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Edmund Thompson.md index 30112eb3..24bb8eed 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Edmund Thompson.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Edmund Thompson.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ summary: "Army assistant chief of staff for intelligence from 1977 to 1981 who c location: "Washington, D.C." --- -Major General Edmund R. "Ed" Thompson served as the [[U.S. Army]] Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence (ACSI) from 1977 to 1981. He was a key figure in the establishment and early support of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], then codenamed Gondola Wish and later Grill Flame, having developed a personal interest in [[Psi|psi]] phenomena after reading [[Arthur Koestler]]'s pro-paranormal book *The Roots of Coincidence*.[^1] +Major General Edmund R. "Ed" Thompson served as the [[U.S. Army]] Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence (ACSI) from 1977 to 1981. He was a key figure in the establishment and early support of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], then codenamed Gondola Wish and later Grill Flame, having developed a personal interest in [[Psi|psi]] phenomena after reading [[Arthur Koestler]]'s pro-paranormal book *The Roots of Coincidence*.[^1] Thompson approved [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]]'s proposal to assemble a remote viewing team at [[Fort Meade]], seeing it as an opportunity to involve the Army in psychic spying without relying too heavily on the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] or [[Stanford Research Institute]]. He provided initial funding, assigned Major [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]] to lead the unit alongside Atwater, and later augmented the unit's resources by increasing the budget and allocating positions for three full-time remote viewers. His support was crucial in the project's early survival despite the skepticism of many within the military and intelligence communities, including his successor [[William Odom]].[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Evan Harris Walker.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Evan Harris Walker.md index b64321fd..d72b76d0 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Evan Harris Walker.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Evan Harris Walker.md @@ -12,6 +12,13 @@ summary: "Aberdeen, Maryland physicist who proposed a quantum theory of psi, vis born: 1935-02-15 died: 2006-08-17 location: "Aberdeen, Maryland" +relations: + - type: participant_in + with: "[[Stargate Project]]" + start: 1978 + end: 1979 + role: "principal investigator of the 1978 hard-copy remote viewing machine request; AMSAA Grill Flame participant" + fn: 4 created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- @@ -24,7 +31,7 @@ A [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] memorandum for the record of April 18, 197 ### Grill Flame -A draft request for fiscal 1979 funding from the Army assistant chief of staff for intelligence (DAMI-ISH), dated July 7, 1978, named "E. H. Walker" as principal investigator of a project "To determine feasibility of developing automatic equipment capable of producing remote viewing in hard copy form," asking 350,000 dollars (150,000 for equipment, 150,000 for personnel, 50,000 miscellaneous) and stating that such equipment "might have the same utility in any future conflict as that of the Ultra machine used in WWII."[^4] The [[Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity]]'s interim note of July 1979 on its [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] phase I work listed "Dr. Evan Harris Walker" among its acknowledged participants, with [[Lewis Walt|General Lewis Walt]] and [[John Kramar]], noting that "The identification of the specific roles played by specific individuals in the AMSAA GRILL FLAME program must be protected."[^5] +A draft request for fiscal 1979 funding from the Army assistant chief of staff for intelligence (DAMI-ISH), dated July 7, 1978, named "E. H. Walker" as principal investigator of a project "To determine feasibility of developing automatic equipment capable of producing remote viewing in hard copy form," asking 350,000 dollars (150,000 for equipment, 150,000 for personnel, 50,000 miscellaneous) and stating that such equipment "might have the same utility in any future conflict as that of the Ultra machine used in WWII."[^4] The [[Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity]]'s interim note of July 1979 on its [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] phase I work listed "Dr. Evan Harris Walker" among its acknowledged participants, with [[Lewis Walt|General Lewis Walt]] and [[John Kramar]], noting that "The identification of the specific roles played by specific individuals in the AMSAA GRILL FLAME program must be protected."[^5] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Fred Zachariasen.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Fred Zachariasen.md index bc18e6f9..3f735e55 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Fred Zachariasen.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Fred Zachariasen.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ died: 1999 location: "Chicago, Illinois" --- -Fred Zachariasen was a physics professor at [[California Institute of Technology|Caltech]] and a ranking member of the [[Department of Defense]]'s elite [[JASON Committee]]. He was a member of the new science panel for the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Sun Streak]] program, which was established on January 31, 1986[^1]. +Fred Zachariasen was a physics professor at [[California Institute of Technology|Caltech]] and a ranking member of the [[Department of Defense]]'s elite [[JASON Committee]]. He was a member of the new science panel for the [[Stargate Project|Sun Streak]] program, which was established on January 31, 1986[^1]. ### Footnotes [^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Gary Webb.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Gary Webb.md index 1ce968d3..4b23bbdf 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Gary Webb.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Gary Webb.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ aliases: - Gary Webb - Gary Stephen Webb created: 2024-04-25 -updated: 2026-05-17 +updated: 2026-09-22 category: "Key Figures" tags: - Person @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ At Ross's sentencing, Judge [[Marilyn Huff]] told prosecutor [[LJ Oneale]] she w ### Media Attacks -In October 1996, the [[Washington Post]] published the first major attack, written by [[Walter Pincus]], a former CIA operative, and Roberto Suro. The story falsely claimed Webb alleged a CIA conspiracy to target black communities and accepted Blandón's trial testimony that he quit selling Contra cocaine before meeting Ross. The L.A. Times followed with a three-day series by Katz and Washington bureau chief [[Doyle McManus|McManus]], declaring that crack "followed no blueprint or master plan" and that the CIA bore no responsibility. McManus's story relied on unnamed sources who claimed only $50,000 to $60,000 went to the Contras, a figure Rafael Cornejo scoffed at: "Sixty thousand? You can raise that in an afternoon."[^5] +In October 1996, the [[Washington Post]] published the first major attack, written by [[Walter Pincus]], whom Webb described as a former CIA operative, and Roberto Suro. The story falsely claimed Webb alleged a CIA conspiracy to target black communities and accepted Blandón's trial testimony that he quit selling Contra cocaine before meeting Ross. The L.A. Times followed with a three-day series by Katz and Washington bureau chief [[Doyle McManus|McManus]], declaring that crack "followed no blueprint or master plan" and that the CIA bore no responsibility. McManus's story relied on unnamed sources who claimed only $50,000 to $60,000 went to the Contras, a figure Rafael Cornejo scoffed at: "Sixty thousand? You can raise that in an afternoon."[^5] ### Follow-Up Reporting and Suppression @@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ Executive editor [[Jerry Ceppos]] initially defended the series but on March 25, ### Resignation and Aftermath -A few days after Webb's resignation was announced in November 1997, the CIA leaked the conclusion of an internal investigation to the L.A. Times and the Mercury News, claiming it had absolved the agency of wrongdoing. When the declassified version was released in 1998, it showed the CIA had known about Norwin Meneses's activities and had intervened in the [[Frogman Case]]. [[Fred Hitz|CIA Inspector General Fred Hitz]] testified before Congress that the agency had not "in an expeditious or consistent fashion" cut off relationships with Contra-connected drug traffickers, and revealed a secret 1982 agreement between the CIA and Justice Department that exempted CIA assets from drug crimes reporting.[^6] +A few days after Webb's resignation was announced in November 1997, the CIA leaked the conclusion of an internal investigation to the L.A. Times and the Mercury News, claiming it had absolved the agency of wrongdoing. When the declassified version was released in 1998, it showed the CIA had known about Norwin Meneses's activities and had intervened in the [[Frogman Case]]. [[Fred Hitz|CIA Inspector General Fred Hitz]] testified before Congress that the agency had not "in an expeditious or consistent fashion" cut off relationships with Contra-connected drug traffickers, and revealed a secret 1982 agreement between the CIA and Justice Department that exempted CIA assets from drug crimes reporting.[^6] The Justice Department inspector general's report on the affair was signed on December 17, 1997, but Attorney General [[Janet Reno]] invoked section 8E of the Inspector General Act to defer its release, "the first time that publication of one of our reports has been prevented in this manner"; it was published in July 1998.[^7] ### Footnotes @@ -82,3 +82,4 @@ A few days after Webb's resignation was announced in November 1997, the CIA leak [^4]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 26: "That matter, if true, would be classified" [^5]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 27: "A very difficult decision" [^6]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Epilogue: "The damage that has been done" +[^7]: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of the Inspector General. *The CIA-Contra-Crack Cocaine Controversy: A Review of the Justice Department's Investigations and Prosecutions,* epilogue, July 1998. https://oig.justice.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/special/9712/ diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Hartleigh Trent.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Hartleigh Trent.md index 9c072dfb..523ac2a1 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Hartleigh Trent.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Hartleigh Trent.md @@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ tags: - Stargate - SRI - Soviet -summary: "Hartleigh Trent was a former Navy petty officer and one of the original six remote viewers in the STARGATE PROJECT." +summary: "Hartleigh Trent was a former Navy petty officer and one of the original six remote viewers in the Stargate Project." updated: 2026-09-22 --- -Hartleigh Trent was a former Navy petty officer and one of the original six remote viewers in the [[STARGATE PROJECT]]. He was recruited into the program, then codenamed Gondola Wish, in 1977 by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]].[^1] +Hartleigh Trent was a former Navy petty officer and one of the original six remote viewers in the [[Stargate Project]]. He was recruited into the program, then codenamed Gondola Wish, in 1977 by [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] and [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]].[^1] Trent was the oldest of the initial group of remote viewers, in his fifties, and had a background as a photo-interpreter. He was described as a "restless tinkerer and inventor," having built a large solar-powered hot-water heater at his home. He was also a close friend of [[Mel Riley]] and [[Joe McMoneagle]].[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Jacinto Torres.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Jacinto Torres.md index dce3840c..f350463a 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Jacinto Torres.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Jacinto Torres.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Jacinto Torres was one of the Nicaraguan Torres brothers who managed the East Los Angeles cocaine distribution hub for Danilo Blandón's trafficking network. --- -Jacinto Torres was one of the Nicaraguan Torres brothers who managed the East [[Los Angeles]] [[cocaine]] distribution hub for [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s trafficking network. Along with his brother [[Edgar Torres|Edgar]], Jacinto handled the distribution operations that moved Blandón's cocaine to street-level dealers.[^1] +Jacinto Torres was one of the Nicaraguan Torres brothers who managed the East [[Los Angeles]] [[Cocaine]] distribution hub for [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s trafficking network. Along with his brother [[Edgar Torres|Edgar]], Jacinto handled the distribution operations that moved Blandón's cocaine to street-level dealers.[^1] ### The Torres Brothers Network diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Jack Vorona.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Jack Vorona.md index 1283d6b9..5f28edfd 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Jack Vorona.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Jack Vorona.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ tags: summary: "Jack Vorona was the Assistant Director for Scientific and Technical Intelligence at the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) and served as the overall manager of the Grill Flame program." updated: 2026-09-22 --- -Jack Vorona was the Assistant Director for Scientific and Technical Intelligence at the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] (DIA) and served as the overall manager of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program. He played a crucial role in the continuation and restructuring of the U.S. government's psychic research programs after the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] scaled back its involvement[^1][^2]. +Jack Vorona was the Assistant Director for Scientific and Technical Intelligence at the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] (DIA) and served as the overall manager of the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program. He played a crucial role in the continuation and restructuring of the U.S. government's psychic research programs after the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] scaled back its involvement[^1][^2]. In 1981, Vorona contacted [[Dale Graff]] and brought him to Washington, D.C., to help run a classified program called [[Psychoenergetics]]. The main goals of this project were "to evaluate the threat that foreign psychoenergetics achievements might pose to US national security, and to explore the potential of psychoenergetics for use in US intelligence collection"[^2]. Vorona believed that with the resources of the DIA, genuine progress could be made toward a general theory of [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and [[Psychokinesis|PK]][^2]. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Jessica Utts.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Jessica Utts.md index 88062556..2fccbdc1 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Jessica Utts.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Jessica Utts.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ born: 1952-01-01 location: "Davis, California" --- -Jessica Utts is a statistician and professor at the [[University of California]], Davis, who served as one of two independent assessors in the 1995 [[American Institutes for Research]] (AIR) evaluation of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|STAR GATE]] remote viewing program commissioned by the [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. Her positive assessment, published alongside [[Ray Hyman]]'s skeptical counterpart assessment, concluded that the program's laboratory data showed genuine anomalous effects that could not be attributed to chance.[^1] +Jessica Utts is a statistician and professor at the [[University of California]], Davis, who served as one of two independent assessors in the 1995 [[American Institutes for Research]] (AIR) evaluation of the [[Stargate Project|STAR GATE]] remote viewing program commissioned by the [[Central Intelligence Agency]]. Her positive assessment, published alongside [[Ray Hyman]]'s skeptical counterpart assessment, concluded that the program's laboratory data showed genuine anomalous effects that could not be attributed to chance.[^1] ### Academic Career diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Malcolm Wallop.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Malcolm Wallop.md index 697dccbc..78d96484 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Malcolm Wallop.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Malcolm Wallop.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ created: 2026-09-21 updated: 2026-09-21 --- -Malcolm Wallop, senator from [[Wyoming]], chaired the budget subcommittee of the [[Senate Select Committee on Intelligence]] in the early 1980s. An INSCOM memorandum of October 1983 called him "an important player in DoD's involvement in psychoenergetics. He is the individual who was responsible for the project being eliminated under the NFIP (GDIP) at the end of FY 82," the cut of October 1, 1982, that ended the Army's part of [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] and drove [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] to continue it as [[Center Lane]] on security funds.[^1] +Malcolm Wallop, senator from [[Wyoming]], chaired the budget subcommittee of the [[Senate Select Committee on Intelligence]] in the early 1980s. An INSCOM memorandum of October 1983 called him "an important player in DoD's involvement in psychoenergetics. He is the individual who was responsible for the project being eliminated under the NFIP (GDIP) at the end of FY 82," the cut of October 1, 1982, that ended the Army's part of [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] and drove [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] to continue it as [[Center Lane]] on security funds.[^1] ### The Briefing of October 5, 1983 diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Murray Watt.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Murray Watt.md index 5a07723e..f5173386 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Murray Watt.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Murray Watt.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ alias: updated: 2026-09-22 --- -Murray B. "Scotty" Watt was a U.S. Army Lieutenant Colonel and the first commander of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Gondola Wish]] (later Grill Flame) remote viewing unit. He was two decades older than [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]], described as a tall and husky man with a bulbous nose and a Boston accent. Watt had a reputation for a volcanic temper, which was said to have hindered his career progression after an incident in Panama where he struck a fellow officer. He was chosen for this obscure and potentially controversial assignment because it was felt he had "little to lose."[^1] +Murray B. "Scotty" Watt was a U.S. Army Lieutenant Colonel and the first commander of the [[Stargate Project|Gondola Wish]] (later Grill Flame) remote viewing unit. He was two decades older than [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]], described as a tall and husky man with a bulbous nose and a Boston accent. Watt had a reputation for a volcanic temper, which was said to have hindered his career progression after an incident in Panama where he struck a fellow officer. He was chosen for this obscure and potentially controversial assignment because it was felt he had "little to lose."[^1] Watt, along with Atwater, was responsible for selecting and training the initial remote viewers for the program. He handled the bureaucratic aspects of the unit, maintaining contact with the network of Grill Flame customers and ensuring the unit's operations adhered to necessary protocols. He was concerned about maintaining the appearance of scientific rigor and avoiding any perception of cheating within the program.[^1] diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Qian Xuesen.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Qian Xuesen.md index cfb6052b..ccf68cc0 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Qian Xuesen.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Qian Xuesen.md @@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ He was awarded the title "Father of the Chinese Space Program" and given multipl In 1979, a newspaper article about [[Tang Yu]], a twelve-year-old boy in Sichuan who could allegedly read characters printed on folded paper using his ears, ignited a national fascination with claimed paranormal abilities. The [[Extraordinary Powers Craze]] that followed produced hundreds of reported "gifted children" across China and significant public controversy. Skeptical scientists wanted the claims investigated and exposed; others sought to exploit them. The question of whether the state would sanction research into the phenomena was unresolved.[^1] -Qian Xuesen provided the answer. Beginning around 1979 and continuing into the early 1980s, he published articles arguing that [[Extraordinary Human Body Function]] - his preferred scientific framing for what Western researchers called parapsychology - deserved serious scientific investigation within a socialist materialist framework. His argument was that [[qigong]] and related practices tapped genuine physical phenomena that existing science did not yet explain, but that the explanation would ultimately be materialist and could yield practical applications. He wrote that EHBF could be a scientific revolution comparable to the development of quantum mechanics.[^1] +Qian Xuesen provided the answer. Beginning around 1979 and continuing into the early 1980s, he published articles arguing that Extraordinary Human Body Function - his preferred scientific framing for what Western researchers called parapsychology - deserved serious scientific investigation within a socialist materialist framework. His argument was that [[qigong]] and related practices tapped genuine physical phenomena that existing science did not yet explain, but that the explanation would ultimately be materialist and could yield practical applications. He wrote that EHBF could be a scientific revolution comparable to the development of quantum mechanics.[^1] -The political and institutional consequences were immediate. Qian's endorsement provided the ideological cover for Communist Party officials to support EHBF research without appearing to sanction religious or superstitious beliefs. Military research institutes, academic laboratories, and hospitals established EHBF programs. The Chinese government's intelligence and security establishment took an interest in potential military applications. [[Hal Puthoff]]'s 1982 classified DIA report, "Psychoenergetics Research in the People's Republic of China," which Puthoff prepared for the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]]'s [[Psychoenergetics]] program, identified H.S. Tsien by name as the intellectual patron of Chinese EHBF research and documented the extent of state investment the program had attracted - intelligence that DIA officials cited as justification for continued American investment in the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Sun Streak]] and related programs.[^3] +The political and institutional consequences were immediate. Qian's endorsement provided the ideological cover for Communist Party officials to support EHBF research without appearing to sanction religious or superstitious beliefs. Military research institutes, academic laboratories, and hospitals established EHBF programs. The Chinese government's intelligence and security establishment took an interest in potential military applications. [[Hal Puthoff]]'s 1982 classified DIA report, "Psychoenergetics Research in the People's Republic of China," which Puthoff prepared for the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]]'s [[Psychoenergetics]] program, identified H.S. Tsien by name as the intellectual patron of Chinese EHBF research and documented the extent of state investment the program had attracted - intelligence that DIA officials cited as justification for continued American investment in the [[Stargate Project|Sun Streak]] and related programs.[^3] ### Later Life diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Stansfield Turner.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Stansfield Turner.md index 6ecfd345..db512cac 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Stansfield Turner.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Stansfield Turner.md @@ -13,15 +13,15 @@ location: "Highland Park, Illinois" Stansfield Turner (1923–2018) was an American admiral who served as the [[Director of Central Intelligence|DCI]] under President [[Jimmy Carter]] from 1977 to 1981. His tenure at the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] was marked by significant changes, including a reduction in [[Human Intelligence|HUMINT]] capabilities, which was seen as being on the wane following a number of scandals in the mid-1970s, including revelations of domestic spying.[^1] -As Director of Central Intelligence, Turner abruptly cut back intelligence liaison with [[Israel]] and other friendly nations as part of a restructuring of the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]. This move was met with disquiet from the Israelis, who were accustomed to warmer treatment from previous administrations.[^3] +As Director of Central Intelligence, Turner abruptly cut back intelligence liaison with [[Israel]] and other friendly nations as part of a restructuring of the CIA. This move was met with disquiet from the Israelis, who were accustomed to warmer treatment from previous administrations.[^3] -In an interview in 2002, Turner stated, "When I was first introduced to this idea of [[Parapsychology|parapsychology]] I was very skeptical. Then I began to think about it, and we all know of people who seem to have some kind of psychic powers." His acceptance of the phenomena, despite his initial skepticism, was crucial for the continuation of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate]] program.[^1] +In an interview in 2002, Turner stated, "When I was first introduced to this idea of [[Parapsychology|parapsychology]] I was very skeptical. Then I began to think about it, and we all know of people who seem to have some kind of psychic powers." His acceptance of the phenomena, despite his initial skepticism, was crucial for the continuation of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate]] program.[^1] -Turner was widely disliked within the Agency for abruptly firing two hundred case officers in [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] stations around the world in October 1977. He seemed to prefer "arm's-length collection techniques," such as satellite photography and communications intercepts, over traditional spy work. This preference for "clean" spying methods inadvertently made psychic intelligence, or [[PSI-INT]], seem like an ideal alternative in the political context of the time.[^1] +Turner was widely disliked within the Agency for abruptly firing two hundred case officers in CIA stations around the world in October 1977. He seemed to prefer "arm's-length collection techniques," such as satellite photography and communications intercepts, over traditional spy work. This preference for "clean" spying methods inadvertently made psychic intelligence, or [[PSI-INT]], seem like an ideal alternative in the political context of the time.[^1] Turner was also a member of the board of directors for [[Wackenhut Corporation]], a security firm with extensive ties to government and intelligence agencies.[^2] -During [[Jimmy Carter]]'s presidency, Turner's leadership of the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] saw the agency distanced from death-squad interdiction due to Carter's human rights foreign policy in [[Latin America]].[^2] +During Jimmy Carter's presidency, Turner's leadership of the CIA saw the agency distanced from death-squad interdiction due to Carter's human rights foreign policy in [[Latin America]].[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Sue Todd.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Sue Todd.md index 7a32339a..dc22f0f4 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Sue Todd.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Sue Todd.md @@ -3,16 +3,21 @@ category: "PROMIS Scandal" tags: - Person - PROMIS -summary: "Todd accompanied Sean McDade during his secret entry into the United States in February 2000, where they met with Cheri Seymour, the author of *The Last Circle*." + - LawEnforcement +summary: "Police detective of Hercules, California, who according to Cheri Seymour accompanied the RCMP investigator Sean McDade in February 2000 and believed a homicide case of her own was tied to PROMIS." +location: "Hercules, California" +relations: + - type: partner_of + with: "[[Sean McDade]]" + start: 2000-02 + role: "shared a source during Project Abbreviation" + fn: 1 +created: 2025-08-05 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -[[Sue Todd]] is a Police Detective from Hercules, California. She became involved in the investigation surrounding the [[PROMIS Software Scandal]] and its broader implications, particularly through her collaboration with [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] national security investigator [[Sean McDade]].[1] - -Todd accompanied [[Sean McDade]] during his secret entry into the [[United States]] in February 2000, where they met with [[Cheri Seymour]], the author of *The Last Circle*. Their collaboration stemmed from a shared "source" and Todd's own investigation into a three-year-old double homicide that she believed was connected to the [[PROMIS]] case. During their meeting with Seymour, Todd and McDade were armed with 9mm police guns, indicating the serious nature of their inquiry.[1] - -She assisted [[Sean McDade]] in his extensive probe, which involved interviewing former investigators, witnesses, and law enforcement personnel across the [[United States]]. Todd was also a point of contact for [[Sean McDade]] when he found himself targeted by [[ECHELON]] technology during his investigation, forcing him to take extraordinary measures to communicate securely.[1] - -Despite the exposure of [[Sean McDade]]'s investigation in the *Toronto Star* in August 2000, Todd indicated that he ultimately returned to police work in his hometown, suggesting a continued commitment to law enforcement despite the challenges faced during the [[PROMIS]] investigation.[1] +Sue Todd was a police detective in Hercules, [[California]]. According to [[Cheri Seymour]], Todd accompanied the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] investigator [[Sean McDade]] to meet Seymour in Southern California on February 19, 2000, during [[Project Abbreviation]]; the two had found that they shared a source, and Todd believed that a double homicide she had been investigating for three years was connected to [[PROMIS]]. Both carried 9mm service pistols to the meeting. Todd was Seymour's point of contact with McDade when he believed he was under [[ECHELON]] surveillance, and she later told Seymour that McDade had returned to police work in his hometown.[^1] ### Footnotes -[1] Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010. + +[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. Sole source; no record of Todd or of the Hercules homicide case was found in the congressional or Justice Department reports or in the *Toronto Star*'s coverage of 2000. diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Terry Waite.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Terry Waite.md index e1e00163..8b066504 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Terry Waite.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Terry Waite.md @@ -7,6 +7,16 @@ tags: - RemoteViewing - SunStreak summary: "Envoy of the Archbishop of Canterbury in the Lebanon hostage negotiations whom Oliver North called 'our only access to events in Lebanon,' himself held hostage in Beirut until 1991." +relations: + - type: employed_by + with: "[[Robert Runcie]]" + role: "special representative of the Archbishop of Canterbury" + fn: 1 + - type: subject_of + with: "[[Sun Streak]]" + start: 1988 + role: "remote-viewing target, projects 276 and 8806" + fn: 5 created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Zhang Baosheng.md b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Zhang Baosheng.md index 546d26d1..161a8cb1 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Zhang Baosheng.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/(T-Z)/Zhang Baosheng.md @@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ Films of Zhang's sessions at Beijing Institute of Space Medico-Engineering were ### DIA Assessment -[[Hal Puthoff]]'s 1982 classified DIA report, "Psychoenergetics Research in the People's Republic of China," documented the Chinese EHBF research programs and provided American intelligence with its first comprehensive assessment of the scale and institutional structure of Chinese psi research. Puthoff's report, compiled for the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]]'s [[Psychoenergetics]] program, described the Zhang Baosheng experiments among the most significant EHBF demonstrations being studied by Chinese military researchers. This intelligence was used by DIA officials including [[Jack Vorona]] to justify continued American investment in the [[STARGATE PROJECT|STAR GATE]] program on the grounds that the United States required a comparable research effort.[^2] +[[Hal Puthoff]]'s 1982 classified DIA report, "Psychoenergetics Research in the People's Republic of China," documented the Chinese EHBF research programs and provided American intelligence with its first comprehensive assessment of the scale and institutional structure of Chinese psi research. Puthoff's report, compiled for the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]]'s [[Psychoenergetics]] program, described the Zhang Baosheng experiments among the most significant EHBF demonstrations being studied by Chinese military researchers. This intelligence was used by DIA officials including [[Jack Vorona]] to justify continued American investment in the [[Stargate Project|STAR GATE]] program on the grounds that the United States required a comparable research effort.[^2] The competitive logic - that if China had a functioning EHBF research program, the United States needed equivalent capabilities - paralleled the reasoning used to justify American remote viewing research in response to Soviet psychoenergetics programs. Zhang's sessions thus contributed indirectly to the sustained funding of American remote viewing research through the 1980s. ### Disputed Results -Zhang's results were contested from the beginning by Chinese researchers who suspected fraud. Skeptics argued that the filmed demonstrations were inadequate as evidence because they did not rule out sophisticated sleight-of-hand techniques; that the research teams had institutional incentives to find positive results; and that the experimental protocols had not been designed with adequate input from professional magicians who could evaluate the possibility of deception. As the [[Extraordinary Powers Craze]] declined in the late 1980s and Chinese government support for EHBF research was withdrawn, Zhang's results were increasingly attributed to stage magic rather than genuine anomalous phenomena. He reportedly worked in subsequent years as a stage magician and entertainer.[^1] +Zhang's results were contested from the beginning by Chinese researchers who suspected fraud. Skeptics argued that the filmed demonstrations were inadequate as evidence because they did not rule out sophisticated sleight-of-hand techniques; that the research teams had institutional incentives to find positive results; and that the experimental protocols had not been designed with adequate input from professional magicians who could evaluate the possibility of deception. As the Extraordinary Powers Craze declined in the late 1980s and Chinese government support for EHBF research was withdrawn, Zhang's results were increasingly attributed to stage magic rather than genuine anomalous phenomena. He reportedly worked in subsequent years as a stage magician and entertainer.[^1] ### Footnotes diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/KEY INDIVIDUALS.md b/10 - PEOPLE/KEY INDIVIDUALS.md index 030de54d..9cdd4cf5 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/KEY INDIVIDUALS.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/KEY INDIVIDUALS.md @@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ Master index of the people pages, generated from each page's `category` and `sum | [[Fred Zachariasen]] | Fred Zachariasen was a physics professor at Caltech and a ranking member of the Department of Defense's elite JASON Committee. | | [[Gerald Feinberg]] | Gerald Feinberg was a physics professor at Columbia University. | | [[Harry Stump]] | Harry Stump was a Dutch sculptor and channeler who gained the attention of Andrija Puharich and his wealthy benefactors due to his purported psychic abilities, particularly his capacity to enter trance states and produce automatic writings | -| [[Hartleigh Trent]] | Hartleigh Trent was a former Navy petty officer and one of the original six remote viewers in the STARGATE PROJECT. | +| [[Hartleigh Trent]] | Hartleigh Trent was a former Navy petty officer and one of the original six remote viewers in the Stargate Project. | | [[Heinrich Himmler]] | Himmler had a deep and abiding interest in the occult and the supernatural. | | [[Helene Smith]] | Flournoy attributed her abilities to Cryptomnesia and Glossolalia, arguing that the content she produced originated from forgotten memories and unconscious processes rather than genuine psychic phenomena. | | [[Henry K. Beecher]] | Beecher's work contributed to the understanding of how perception of an event or a situation - real or imagined, rational or irrational - can cause consequential actions to occur. | @@ -1025,7 +1025,7 @@ Master index of the people pages, generated from each page's `category` and `sum | Name | Description | | --- | --- | -| [[Adolfo Chamorro]] | Adolfo Chamorro was a Contra leader who attended weapons sales presentations arranged by Ron Lister and Danilo Blandón as part of the Contra supply network. | +| [[Adolfo Chamorro]] | Adolfo Chamorro was a Contra leader who attended weapons sales presentations arranged by Ron Lister and Danilo Blandón as part of the Contra supply network. | | [[Alan Sanders]] | In late 1985, Ari Ben-Menashe approached Sanders to purchase cluster bombs for Israel. | | [[Amiram Nir]] | Nir resigned from his TV job to work as a public relations adviser for Peres during the 1981 elections. | | [[Ann Magori]] | After Ben-Menashe's arrest, Magori was contacted by Leon Siff and traveled to Los Angeles to see Ben-Menashe in jail. | @@ -1033,9 +1033,9 @@ Master index of the people pages, generated from each page's `category` and `sum | [[Avi Pazner]] | Spokesman and national security adviser to Israeli PM Yitzhak Shamir, involved in covert operations including arms sales and Iraq-related intelligence. | | [[Carlos Amador]] | Carlos Amador was a pilot who planned to fly into Ilopango Air Base to pick up cocaine from Hangar No. 4 and transport it to Miami, according to a DEA cable. | | [[Cyrus Hashemi]] | Iranian exile involved in secret arms sales and hostage negotiations during Iran-Contra who became a U.S. Customs informant before being found dead in London under suspicious circumstances. | -| [[Dagoberto Nunez]] | Dagoberto Nuñez was a Cuban Bay of Pigs veteran and CIA operative who worked with Oliver North in Costa Rica and was suspected of drug trafficking. | +| [[Dagoberto Nunez]] | Dagoberto Nuñez was a Cuban Bay of Pigs veteran and CIA operative who worked with Oliver North in Costa Rica and was suspected of drug trafficking. | | [[Daniel Ortega]] | Daniel Ortega was the Sandinista president of Nicaragua whose government the Reagan administration sought to overthrow through the Contra war and covert operations. | -| [[David Hall]] | David Hall was an Assistant U.S. Attorney who prosecuted Rafael Cornejo and warned Gary Webb that publishing the Dark Alliance story could endanger Danilo Blandón's life. | +| [[David Hall]] | David Hall was an Assistant U.S. Attorney who prosecuted Rafael Cornejo and warned Gary Webb that publishing the Dark Alliance story could endanger Danilo Blandón's life. | | [[Edgar Chamorro]] | Edgar Chamorro was a former FDN director who publicly confirmed that Norwin Meneses was a Contra leader involved in cocaine trafficking to fund the war. | | [[Edgar Torres]] | Edgar Torres was one of the Nicaraguan Torres brothers who became major cocaine traffickers and key distributors for Danilo Blandón's drug network in Los Angeles. | | [[Edmundo Chamorro]] | Edmundo Chamorro was the deputy commander of the UDN-FARN Contra faction, described by the DEA as "well known to The Company," and was captured on Costa Rican wiretaps discussing cocaine shipments. | @@ -1158,9 +1158,9 @@ Master index of the people pages, generated from each page's `category` and `sum | [[Ben Kalka]] | Kalka estimated he produced 8,000 pounds of drugs worth $10 million, using ingredients that federal agents had allegedly arranged for him to buy. | | [[Calvin Robinson]] | On December 12, 1991, Robinson filed a 'Pro Per' affidavit in the U.S. | | [[Carlos Cabezas]] | Nicaraguan cocaine trafficker in San Francisco who testified that drug profits from the Meneses organization were going to the Contras, was convicted in the Frogman Case, and in 1996 admitted on the record to delivering millions in drug mon | -| [[Carlos Lehder]] | Colombian drug trafficker who revolutionized cocaine smuggling for the Medellín cartel in the early 1980s. | +| [[Carlos Lehder]] | Colombian drug trafficker who revolutionized cocaine smuggling for the Medellín cartel in the early 1980s. | | [[Carlos Marcello]] | Carlos Marcello was the boss of the New Orleans crime family who was identified by the HSCA as having both the motive and means to arrange President Kennedy's assassination - he had threatened Kennedy according to FBI informants, was deport | -| [[Chepita Blandon]] | Danilo Blandón's wife, identified by the DEA as closely involved in his trafficking activities, who was arrested in 1992 and had all charges dropped when her husband agreed to become a DEA informant. | +| [[Chepita Blandon]] | Danilo Blandón's wife, identified by the DEA as closely involved in his trafficking activities, who was arrested in 1992 and had all charges dropped when her husband agreed to become a DEA informant. | | [[Chris Denning]] | Chris Denning was a former BBC Radio One DJ who was good friends with Jimmy Savile and, according to Czech police, head of an international pedophile network running a child porn operation from his Prague apartment. | | [[Clarence Henry Osborne]] | Clarence Henry Osborne was a retired stenographer and civil servant in the Australian state of Queensland, Australia, who for years had transcribed government hansards and supreme court proceedings. | | [[Clint Murchison, Sr.]] | Powerful Texas oilman who cultivated relationships with Hoover, Nixon, and Johnson, with business dealings intersecting organized crime figures including the Genovese Crime Family. | @@ -1581,7 +1581,7 @@ Master index of the people pages, generated from each page's `category` and `sum | [[Chris Moore]] | Former reserve police officer and office manager for Pyramid International Security Consultants who witnessed the company's El Salvador operations firsthand. | | [[Christine Odell Cook Miller]] | Judge of the Court of Federal Claims who, as hearing officer on the Senate's 1995 referral of INSLAW's claims, ruled on July 31, 1997, that every version of PROMIS was in the public domain and INSLAW was owed nothing, ending the affair in t | | [[Christopher Jackson (Baltimore CHS)]] | Christopher Jackson is the FBI confidential human source designated CHS-1 in the 2023 Baltimore Power Grid Conspiracy case, whose testimony was central to Brandon Russell's 2025 conviction and whose undisclosed pre-testimony payment became | -| [[Chuck Jones]] | DEA agent who served as Danilo Blandón's primary handler from 1993 to 1995 and denied any knowledge of Blandón's Contra drug trafficking history during a contentious meeting with Gary Webb. | +| [[Chuck Jones]] | DEA agent who served as Danilo Blandón's primary handler from 1993 to 1995 and denied any knowledge of Blandón's Contra drug trafficking history during a contentious meeting with Gary Webb. | | [[Craig Chretien]] | DEA Special Agent in Charge of the San Diego regional office who met with Gary Webb in October 1995 in an attempt to dissuade him from publishing the Dark Alliance story, and who was later promoted to head the DEA's International Division. | | [[Crossan Andersen]] | Federal prosecutor in Los Angeles who took the Danilo Blandon case to the Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force and described it as 'a sensitive matter' involving CIA allegations. | | [[Daniel Garner]] | LASD Majors II deputy and court-certified money-laundering expert whose prosecution for corruption nearly exposed the Contra-CIA drug connection through documents he had seized from Ronald Lister's home in 1986. | diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Iran-Contra.md b/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Iran-Contra.md index b5fbc1fa..f7d540da 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Iran-Contra.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Iran-Contra.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Central figures in the Iran-Contra affair and October Surprise. | Name | Description | | --- | --- | | [[Adnan Khashoggi]] | Khashoggi's sister, Samira Khashoggi Fayed, was the mother of Dodi Fayed, who was romantically involved with Diana, Princess of Wales. | -| [[Adolfo Chamorro]] | Adolfo Chamorro was a Contra leader who attended weapons sales presentations arranged by Ron Lister and Danilo Blandón as part of the Contra supply network. | +| [[Adolfo Chamorro]] | Adolfo Chamorro was a Contra leader who attended weapons sales presentations arranged by Ron Lister and Danilo Blandón as part of the Contra supply network. | | [[Amiram Nir]] | Nir resigned from his TV job to work as a public relations adviser for Peres during the 1981 elections. | | [[Anastasio Somoza]] | Anastasio Somoza Debayle was the dictator of Nicaragua whose family ruled the country for forty-six years until the Sandinista revolution in July 1979, after which his dispersed National Guard officers became the founding cadre of the Contras. | | [[Aristides Sanchez]] | Wealthy Somoza-era landowner who became the head of supplies and logistics for the FDN, went on the CIA payroll, and allegedly served as the conduit for cocaine money from the Meneses drug ring in California. | @@ -19,9 +19,9 @@ Central figures in the Iran-Contra affair and October Surprise. | [[Carlos Cardoen]] | Cardoen later resigned and became a private contractor, securing a deal to supply all blasting equipment to the Chilean Mining Corporation. | | [[Che Guevara]] | Che Guevara was the Argentine revolutionary executed in Bolivia with the participation of CIA agent Felix Rodriguez, a Bay of Pigs veteran who later managed the Contra resupply operation. | | [[Cyrus Hashemi]] | Iranian exile involved in secret arms sales and hostage negotiations during Iran-Contra who became a U.S. Customs informant before being found dead in London under suspicious circumstances. | -| [[Dagoberto Nunez]] | Dagoberto Nuñez was a Cuban Bay of Pigs veteran and CIA operative who worked with Oliver North in Costa Rica and was suspected of drug trafficking. | +| [[Dagoberto Nunez]] | Dagoberto Nuñez was a Cuban Bay of Pigs veteran and CIA operative who worked with Oliver North in Costa Rica and was suspected of drug trafficking. | | [[Daniel Ortega]] | Daniel Ortega was the Sandinista president of Nicaragua whose government the Reagan administration sought to overthrow through the Contra war and covert operations. | -| [[David Hall]] | David Hall was an Assistant U.S. Attorney who prosecuted Rafael Cornejo and warned Gary Webb that publishing the Dark Alliance story could endanger Danilo Blandón's life. | +| [[David Hall]] | David Hall was an Assistant U.S. Attorney who prosecuted Rafael Cornejo and warned Gary Webb that publishing the Dark Alliance story could endanger Danilo Blandón's life. | | [[Donald Barrios]] | Wealthy Nicaraguan exile, FDN supporter, and relative of former president Violeta Barrios de Chamorro who introduced Norwin Meneses to Danilo Blandon and co-founded La Parrilla restaurant in Miami as a Contra gathering place. | | [[Edgar Chamorro]] | Edgar Chamorro was a former FDN director who publicly confirmed that Norwin Meneses was a Contra leader involved in cocaine trafficking to fund the war. | | [[Edgar Torres]] | Edgar Torres was one of the Nicaraguan Torres brothers who became major cocaine traffickers and key distributors for Danilo Blandón's drug network in Los Angeles. | diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Law Enforcement & Legal.md b/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Law Enforcement & Legal.md index b2ef3b81..7b6dfbdd 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Law Enforcement & Legal.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Law Enforcement & Legal.md @@ -16,14 +16,14 @@ Police, detectives, prosecutors, lawyers, and judges involved in related cases. | [[Arnold Overoye]] | Overoye's 'procedure' of referring complaints directly back to local agencies was noted as a consistent practice, leading to threats, intimidation, and fear for complaining individuals in Mariposa County. | | [[Baruch Weiss]] | Assistant U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York who prosecuted Ari Ben-Menashe for conspiracy to sell C-130 aircraft to Iran. | | [[Ben Wagner]] | Wagner filed two civil rights lawsuits with the U.S. | -| [[Brad Brunon]] | Los Angeles attorney who represented Danilo Blandón and provided firsthand observations about Contra fundraising through cocaine trafficking. | +| [[Brad Brunon]] | Los Angeles attorney who represented Danilo Blandón and provided firsthand observations about Contra fundraising through cocaine trafficking. | | [[Brian Leighton]] | Leighton's efforts against 'The Company' were significant, and he was described as the most effective person in formulating a strategy within the Justice Department to pursue this group. | | [[Bruce Eckerson]] | Eckerson's disclosure statements on file at the Mariposa County Courthouse indicated that he owned stock in MCA Entertainment Corporation. | | [[Carl Stern]] | Public relations man for Attorney General Janet Reno who interviewed Paul Wilcher about DOJ cover-up allegations from the Reagan-Bush era. | | [[Celerino Castillo]] | Celerino Castillo III was a DEA agent who discovered Contra drug trafficking operations at Ilopango Air Force Base in El Salvador and had his investigation repeatedly shut down by the CIA and State Department. | | [[Chris Cannon]] | San Francisco defense attorney for Ben Kalka who uncovered evidence that methamphetamine precursors were provided by the U.S. government. | | [[Chris Moore]] | Former reserve police officer and office manager for Pyramid International Security Consultants who witnessed the company's El Salvador operations firsthand. | -| [[Chuck Jones]] | DEA agent who served as Danilo Blandón's primary handler from 1993 to 1995 and denied any knowledge of Blandón's Contra drug trafficking history during a contentious meeting with Gary Webb. | +| [[Chuck Jones]] | DEA agent who served as Danilo Blandón's primary handler from 1993 to 1995 and denied any knowledge of Blandón's Contra drug trafficking history during a contentious meeting with Gary Webb. | | [[Craig Chretien]] | DEA Special Agent in Charge of the San Diego regional office who met with Gary Webb in October 1995 in an attempt to dissuade him from publishing the Dark Alliance story, and who was later promoted to head the DEA's International Division. | | [[Crossan Andersen]] | Federal prosecutor in Los Angeles who took the Danilo Blandon case to the Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force and described it as "a sensitive matter" involving CIA allegations. | | [[Daniel Garner]] | LASD Majors II deputy and court-certified money-laundering expert whose prosecution for corruption nearly exposed the Contra-CIA drug connection through documents he had seized from Ronald Lister's home in 1986. | diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Organized Crime.md b/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Organized Crime.md index 806d3e31..9b2a694b 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Organized Crime.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Organized Crime.md @@ -17,14 +17,14 @@ Mobsters, cartel leaders, gangsters, and figures in international criminal netwo | [[Ben Kalka]] | Kalka estimated he produced 8,000 pounds of drugs worth $10 million, using ingredients that federal agents had allegedly arranged for him to buy. | | [[Calvin Robinson]] | On December 12, 1991, Robinson filed a 'Pro Per' affidavit in the U.S. | | [[Carlos Cabezas]] | Nicaraguan cocaine trafficker in San Francisco who testified that drug profits from the Meneses organization were going to the Contras, was convicted in the Frogman Case, and in 1996 admitted on the record to delivering millions in drug money to the Contras. | -| [[Carlos Lehder]] | Colombian drug trafficker who revolutionized cocaine smuggling for the Medellín cartel in the early 1980s. | -| [[Chepita Blandon]] | Danilo Blandón's wife, identified by the DEA as closely involved in his trafficking activities, who was arrested in 1992 and had all charges dropped when her husband agreed to become a DEA informant. | +| [[Carlos Lehder]] | Colombian drug trafficker who revolutionized cocaine smuggling for the Medellín cartel in the early 1980s. | +| [[Chepita Blandon]] | Danilo Blandón's wife, identified by the DEA as closely involved in his trafficking activities, who was arrested in 1992 and had all charges dropped when her husband agreed to become a DEA informant. | | [[Chris Denning]] | Chris Denning was a former BBC Radio One DJ who was good friends with Jimmy Savile and, according to Czech police, head of an international pedophile network running a child porn operation from his Prague apartment. | | [[Clarence Henry Osborne]] | Clarence Henry Osborne was a retired stenographer and civil servant in the Australian state of Queensland, Australia, who for years had transcribed government hansards and supreme court proceedings. | | [[Clint Murchison, Sr.]] | Powerful Texas oilman who cultivated relationships with Hoover, Nixon, and Johnson, with business dealings intersecting organized crime figures including the Genovese Crime Family. | | [[Clint W. Murchison, Jr.]] | His family cultivated relationships not only with powerful figures on the far right but also with individuals such as J. | | [[Cyril Smith]] | Cyril Smith was a former Liberal MP for Rochdale who was posthumously exposed as a serial violent sexual abuser of boys in 2013. | -| [[Danilo Blandon]] | Danilo Blandón Reyes was a Nicaraguan cocaine trafficker who operated a multimillion-dollar distribution ring in Los Angeles from 1981 to 1991, serving as the primary supplier to Freeway Ricky Ross while maintaining connections to the Contra movement and receiving U.S. political asylum despite known drug involvement. | +| [[Danilo Blandon]] | Danilo Blandón Reyes was a Nicaraguan cocaine trafficker who operated a multimillion-dollar distribution ring in Los Angeles from 1981 to 1991, serving as the primary supplier to Freeway Ricky Ross while maintaining connections to the Contra movement and receiving U.S. political asylum despite known drug involvement. | | [[Danny Ray Lasater]] | Little Rock bond broker and Clinton associate convicted of drug trafficking, connected to Barry Seal's operations at Mena, Arkansas. | | [[Don Berlage]] | Don Berlage was the district attorney for Charlevoix County, Michigan, during the 1970s. | | [[Edward Brongersma]] | Edward Brongersma was a Dutch Senator and prominent advocate for the legalization of pedophilia in the Netherlands. | diff --git a/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Psychics & Remote Viewers.md b/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Psychics & Remote Viewers.md index 610b0b70..cd272113 100644 --- a/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Psychics & Remote Viewers.md +++ b/10 - PEOPLE/MOC - Psychics & Remote Viewers.md @@ -57,11 +57,11 @@ Individuals known for psychic abilities, remote viewing, or participation in psi | [[Ernst Schulte-Strathaus]] | Ernst Schulte-Strathaus was a German astrologer who, alongside Karl Krafft, was reported to have constructed star charts that influenced Rudolf Hess's decision to undertake his rogue flight to Scotland in May 1941. | | [[Eugene Lessman]] | **Eugene 'Gene' Alden Lessman** was a U.S. | | [[Fernand Gauvin|Fern Gauvin]] | Fernand 'Fern' Gauvin was a civilian counterintelligence specialist working at Arlington Hall, a military/civilian intelligence complex. | -| [[Fernand Gauvin]] | Gauvin worked at Arlington Hall, home to some of the more 'James Bond-ish' elements of the U.S. | +| Fernand Gauvin | Gauvin worked at Arlington Hall, home to some of the more 'James Bond-ish' elements of the U.S. | | [[Fred Zachariasen]] | Fred Zachariasen was a physics professor at Caltech and a ranking member of the Department of Defense's elite JASON Committee. | | [[Gerald Feinberg]] | Gerald Feinberg was a physics professor at Columbia University. | | [[Harry Stump]] | Harry Stump was a Dutch sculptor and channeler who gained the attention of Andrija Puharich and his wealthy benefactors due to his purported psychic abilities, particularly his capacity to enter trance states and produce automatic writings and drawings. | -| [[Hartleigh Trent]] | Hartleigh Trent was a former Navy petty officer and one of the original six remote viewers in the STARGATE PROJECT. | +| [[Hartleigh Trent]] | Hartleigh Trent was a former Navy petty officer and one of the original six remote viewers in the Stargate Project. | | [[Heinrich Himmler]] | Himmler had a deep and abiding interest in the occult and the supernatural. | | [[Helene Smith]] | Flournoy attributed her abilities to Cryptomnesia and Glossolalia, arguing that the content she produced originated from forgotten memories and unconscious processes rather than genuine psychic phenomena. | | [[Hella Hammid]] | Hella Hammid was a professional photographer and psychic who participated in Project Deep Quest, a unique psychic functioning experiment conducted in the summer of 1977. | diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/Federal Reserve Board.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/Federal Reserve Board.md index 66d5fb53..d0118a4e 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/Federal Reserve Board.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/Federal Reserve Board.md @@ -1,4 +1,6 @@ --- +aliases: + - Federal Reserve category: "Intelligence & Government" tags: - Organization diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/INTERNATIONAL/Royal Canadian Mounted Police.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/INTERNATIONAL/Royal Canadian Mounted Police.md index 404c5b6e..f72aeb81 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/INTERNATIONAL/Royal Canadian Mounted Police.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/INTERNATIONAL/Royal Canadian Mounted Police.md @@ -1,25 +1,29 @@ --- +category: "Foreign Government" tags: - Organization - Government - Canada - - Intelligence -category: "Foreign Government" -summary: "The Royal Canadian Mounted Police is Canada's national police force, which became significantly involved in the investigation of the PROMIS Software Scandal." -start: 1920 + - LawEnforcement + - PROMIS +summary: "Canada's national police force, twice drawn into the PROMIS affair: by a mistaken 1991 software inventory and by its own 1999-2000 inquiry, Project Abbreviation." location: "Ottawa, Canada" +created: 2025-08-05 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -The [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] is [[Canada]]'s national police force, which became significantly involved in the investigation of the [[PROMIS Software Scandal]]. In February 2000, [[Sean McDade]], an [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] national security investigator, secretly entered the [[United States]] to investigate evidence that the [[Canadian Government]] was using a modified version of the [[PROMIS]] computer software, which purportedly allowed the [[United States|U.S.]] to eavesdrop on [[Canada|Canadian]] intelligence secrets through a "back-door." His investigation was code-named [[Project Abbreviation]], and his email handle, "simorp," was [[PROMIS]] spelled backward.[1] -The [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] probe, code-named Project Abbreviation, was authorized at the highest levels of the organization and was well-funded. The investigation was prompted by the discovery of an invoice for the purchase of [[PROMIS]] from Strategic Software Planning in Cambridge, Massachusetts, which contradicted earlier denials by [[Canada|Canadian]] authorities regarding the Hamiltons' claims about the pirated software. [[Sean McDade]]'s investigation reportedly traced banking transactions that supported the claim that high-ranking [[Canadian Government|Canadian]] officials might have unlawfully purchased the software from officials in the [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]]-[[George H.W. Bush|Bush]] administration.[1] +The [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] is [[Canada]]'s national police force. It figures twice in the [[PROMIS Software Scandal]]. -During his investigation, [[Sean McDade]] learned that a meeting had taken place in December 1999 at the [[Los Alamos National Laboratory|Los Alamos facility]] in [[New Mexico]], attended by intelligence heads from the [[United States|U.S.]] ([[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]), [[United Kingdom|Britain]] ([[British Intelligence]]), [[Israel]] ([[Mossad]]), and [[Canadian Security Intelligence Service|CSIS]]. The discussion, labeled "Unique Elements," touched upon questions related to Y2K computer problems and a glitch in the British computer system. A source suggested that all four allied countries shared the same computer system, possibly [[PROMIS]], due to its mutual integration capabilities. Furthermore, [[Sean McDade]] was informed that the [[Mossad]] might have modified the [[PROMIS]] software to create a "two-way" backdoor, potentially granting [[Israel]] access to top [[United States|U.S.]] weapons secrets at [[Los Alamos National Laboratory|Los Alamos]] and other installations.[1] +### The 1991 Inventory -The [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] investigation, with assistance from Detective [[Sue Todd]] of Hercules, California, revealed that [[United States|U.S.]] investigators who had previously probed the [[PROMIS]] affair faced significant obstruction from the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]]. Many were fired, suspended, or resigned when their inquiries into drugs and money laundering reached high-level connections. The text highlights that [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] investigators, among others, still feared punitive action for coming forward, even if they were no longer in the public sector.[1] +In November 1990 and January 1991 officials of the Department of Communications and the Canadian Workplace Automation Research Centre told [[Patricia Hamilton]] of [[INSLAW]] that [[PROMIS]] was running at "more than 900 locations" in the federal government, and one said the RCMP was among the users; an RCMP officer in [[Ottawa]] told her on February 1, 1991, that he knew of no PROMIS in the force. The officials later said they had confused INSLAW's product with a project-management package of the same name sold by the Strategic Software Planning Corporation of Cambridge, Massachusetts. On December 4, 1991, the Canadian ambassador wrote to the [[House Committee on the Judiciary]] that "the RCMP and CSIS report they do not use any case management software," a letter the committee called "conclusory." The [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]]'s review of 1994 concluded that the Canadian "PROMIS" was "a totally different program developed by a different company."[^1] -The [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]]'s involvement in the [[PROMIS]] investigation also brought to light the use of [[ECHELON]] technology. [[Sean McDade]] himself became a target of [[ECHELON]] during his investigation in the [[United States]], forcing him to take extraordinary measures to communicate securely. He noted that the [[NSA|NSA]] was spying on [[Canada|Canadian]] citizens while [[Canada]] spied on [[United States|American]] citizens, both utilizing [[ECHELON]] and exchanging data.[1] +### Project Abbreviation -Despite the exposure of [[Sean McDade]]'s investigation in the *Toronto Star* in August 2000, he reportedly returned to police work in his hometown.[1] +In 1999 and 2000 the force ran its own national security inquiry, [[Project Abbreviation]], under [[Sean McDade]], an Ottawa-Carleton regional police officer on secondment, into whether software used by Canadian agencies was a version of PROMIS with a hidden access point for American and Israeli intelligence. When the *Toronto Star* disclosed it on August 25, 2000, Sergeant Marc Richer said, "I cannot either confirm or deny what you're looking into"; Staff Sergeant Mike Gaudet said the next day that it had been under way "for some time" and had found "absolutely nothing to indicate that national security has been compromised in any way." On September 16, 2000, Gaudet announced its end: "We're saying today that we do not have Promis software."[^2] The account of the inquiry from McDade's side, including a meeting of allied intelligence chiefs at [[Los Alamos National Laboratory|Los Alamos]] in December 1999 and his belief that he had been targeted by [[ECHELON]], comes from [[Cheri Seymour]].[^3] ### Footnotes -[1] Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010. \ No newline at end of file + +[^1]: U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary. *The INSLAW Affair,* H. Rept. 102-857, September 10, 1992, section on Canada; Hamilton, Patricia C., affidavit, February 1991, *INSLAW, Inc. v. United States,* Adv. Proc. No. 86-0069 (Bankr. D.D.C.); U.S. Department of Justice, *Report on the Review of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua's Report,* September 27, 1994, "The Alleged Distribution of Enhanced PROMIS to Canada." +[^2]: Lawton, Valerie, and Allan Thompson, "Spy computer 'trap' probed," *Toronto Star,* August 25, 2000; Thompson, Allan, and Valerie Lawton, "RCMP admit they're investigating 'trap'," *Toronto Star,* August 26, 2000; Lawton, Valerie, and Allan Thompson, "Mounties end probe of Promis," *Toronto Star,* September 16, 2000; texts as forwarded to the CTRL mailing list, https://www.mail-archive.com/ctrl@listserv.aol.com/msg49408.html, msg49544.html and msg50988.html. +[^3]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Army Intelligence Agency.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Army Intelligence Agency.md index 3aa283eb..39c44d0d 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Army Intelligence Agency.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Army Intelligence Agency.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ end: 1977 The [[Army Intelligence Agency]] (USAINTA) was a component of the [[U.S. Army]]'s intelligence apparatus. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, it is mentioned as merging with the Army Security Agency (ASA) to form the all-in-one [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]].[^1] -Brigadier General [[Edmund Thompson]] was the head of USAINTA before the merger, and later became the Major General and Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence (ACSI) for INSCOM, overseeing the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program.[^1] +Brigadier General [[Edmund Thompson]] was the head of USAINTA before the merger, and later became the Major General and Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence (ACSI) for INSCOM, overseeing the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program.[^1] --- diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Central Intelligence Agency.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Central Intelligence Agency.md index d6b604b1..5942d38c 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Central Intelligence Agency.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Central Intelligence Agency.md @@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ The CIA's covert action division, the Directorate of Operations, created and man ### Contra Drug Trafficking and the Frogman Case -Federal law enforcement records and congressional testimony established that the CIA had reports of [[cocaine]] being transshipped through Contra-linked facilities, including [[Ilopango Airbase]] in [[El Salvador]]. When defense attorneys in the [[Frogman Case]] obtained letters from CIA assets claiming seized drug money belonged to the Contras, the CIA's Costa Rican station cabled Langley that both men were assets of an organization that had "unwittingly received CIA support." CIA lawyer Lee Strickland flew to [[San Francisco]] and asked the prosecutor to ensure depositions did not go forward. The government returned $36,020 in seized drug money and a CIA cable declared: "CIA equities are fully protected."[^13] +Federal law enforcement records and congressional testimony established that the CIA had reports of [[Cocaine]] being transshipped through Contra-linked facilities, including [[Ilopango Airbase]] in [[El Salvador]]. When defense attorneys in the [[Frogman Case]] obtained letters from CIA assets claiming seized drug money belonged to the Contras, the CIA's Costa Rican station cabled Langley that both men were assets of an organization that had "unwittingly received CIA support." CIA lawyer Lee Strickland flew to [[San Francisco]] and asked the prosecutor to ensure depositions did not go forward. The government returned $36,020 in seized drug money and a CIA cable declared: "CIA equities are fully protected."[^13] The pseudonymous agent [[Ivan Gomez|Iván Gómez]], assigned to Costa Rica in 1982 as the CIA's liaison to the Contra armies, admitted during polygraph tests that he had laundered drug money. He was fired in 1989 for repeated polygraph failures concerning drug dealing.[^13] diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/DEA.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/DEA.md index 3eebd089..d4a5517c 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/DEA.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/DEA.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ summary: "The Drug Enforcement Administration was the principal federal anti-nar start: 1973-07-01 location: "Arlington, Virginia" --- -Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is a branch of the [[Department of Justice|U.S. Department of Justice]] and the principal federal agency responsible for enforcement of anti-drug laws.[^3] It is the successor to the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (BNDD). During the Contra war, multiple DEA agents and offices were involved in or aware of Contra-connected [[cocaine]] trafficking. +Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is a branch of the [[Department of Justice|U.S. Department of Justice]] and the principal federal agency responsible for enforcement of anti-drug laws.[^3] It is the successor to the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (BNDD). During the Contra war, multiple DEA agents and offices were involved in or aware of Contra-connected [[Cocaine]] trafficking. ### Contra War Involvement diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Defense Intelligence Agency.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Defense Intelligence Agency.md index dfca5c95..29c0af19 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Defense Intelligence Agency.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Defense Intelligence Agency.md @@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ summary: "The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) is a major intelligence agency o start: 1961-10-01 location: "Washington, D.C." --- -The [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] (DIA) is a major intelligence agency of the United States, specializing in defense and military intelligence. The DIA played a significant role in the oversight and funding of the [[STARGATE PROJECT]], particularly after the Army's initial involvement.[^1] +The [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] (DIA) is a major intelligence agency of the United States, specializing in defense and military intelligence. The DIA played a significant role in the oversight and funding of the [[Stargate Project]], particularly after the Army's initial involvement.[^1] -In March 1979, when [[Jimmy Carter]] decided to provide [[Israel]] with KH-11 satellite photographs, the images were picked up by Israeli military attachés at a special Pentagon office controlled by the DIA. Following the Israeli bombing of [[Osirak bombing]] in June 1981, a review found that [[Israel]] had significantly expanded the agreement, leading to anger within the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] and DIA over the "very lax" management of the liaison agreement.[^2] +In March 1979, when [[Jimmy Carter]] decided to provide [[Israel]] with KH-11 satellite photographs, the images were picked up by Israeli military attachés at a special Pentagon office controlled by the DIA. Following the Israeli bombing of [[Osirak bombing]] in June 1981, a review found that Israel had significantly expanded the agreement, leading to anger within the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] and DIA over the "very lax" management of the liaison agreement.[^2] ### Involvement in Psi Research diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Department of Defense.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Department of Defense.md index 164d5462..a1e65faa 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Department of Defense.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Department of Defense.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ location: "Arlington, Virginia" The [[Department of Defense]] (DoD) is an executive branch department of the U.S. federal government charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government concerned directly with national security and the [[United States]].[^1] -In the context of psychic research, the DoD played a significant role, particularly after the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s initial involvement. The DoD became the primary sponsor of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], overseeing its various phases and applications for military and intelligence purposes. Figures like [[William Perry]] and [[Richard DeLauer]] were involved in funding decisions for these programs.[^1] +In the context of psychic research, the DoD played a significant role, particularly after the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s initial involvement. The DoD became the primary sponsor of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], overseeing its various phases and applications for military and intelligence purposes. Figures like [[William Perry]] and [[Richard DeLauer]] were involved in funding decisions for these programs.[^1] The DoD's interest in [[Psi|psi]] phenomena was often driven by concerns about perceived advancements in [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] and [[China|Chinese]] psychic research, leading to programs aimed at understanding and potentially weaponizing these abilities. This included research into [[Psychotronic Weapons]] and the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation, as seen in [[Project Pandora]] and the work of scientists like [[Allan H. Frey]] and [[Robert O. Becker]].[^1] @@ -29,9 +29,9 @@ However, the DoD has also been the primary source of the official secrecy and de ### Internal Conflict and Recent Developments -The DoD has been the site of significant internal conflict over the UAP issue. The efforts of individuals like [[Luis Elizondo]], [[Christopher Mellon]], and [[Jay Stratton]] to bring the issue to the attention of senior leadership have been met with resistance from within the department, including from the alleged "[[Collins Elite]]" and the powerful forces behind the "Legacy Program."[^2] +The DoD has been the site of significant internal conflict over the UAP issue. The efforts of individuals like Luis Elizondo, [[Christopher Mellon]], and [[Jay Stratton]] to bring the issue to the attention of senior leadership have been met with resistance from within the department, including from the alleged "[[Collins Elite]]" and the powerful forces behind the "Legacy Program."[^2] -In recent years, however, the DoD has been forced to take the UAP issue more seriously due to pressure from Congress and the public. The department has officially released UAP videos, produced public reports on the phenomenon, and established the [[All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office]] (AARO) to standardize the collection and analysis of UAP data. Despite these steps towards transparency, the DoD continues to be criticized for its lack of openness and its failure to provide a full accounting of its historical involvement with the UAP issue.[^2] +In recent years, however, the DoD has been forced to take the UAP issue more seriously due to pressure from Congress and the public. The department has officially released UAP videos, produced public reports on the phenomenon, and established the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) to standardize the collection and analysis of UAP data. Despite these steps towards transparency, the DoD continues to be criticized for its lack of openness and its failure to provide a full accounting of its historical involvement with the UAP issue.[^2] ### Footnotes [^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017. diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Director of Central Intelligence.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Director of Central Intelligence.md index 9316c336..183880da 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Director of Central Intelligence.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Director of Central Intelligence.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ location: "Langley, Virginia" --- The Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) was a dual-hatted position that served as both the head of the U.S. intelligence community and the director of the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] from 1946 to 2005. The DCI was responsible for coordinating intelligence activities across various U.S. government agencies.[^1] -[[Stansfield Turner]] held this position during the [[Jimmy Carter]] administration, overseeing the CIA's operations, including its involvement with psychic research programs like the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]].[^1] +[[Stansfield Turner]] held this position during the [[Jimmy Carter]] administration, overseeing the CIA's operations, including its involvement with psychic research programs like the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]].[^1] --- diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Federal Bureau of Investigation.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Federal Bureau of Investigation.md index 5adf4e1d..6a0c3707 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Federal Bureau of Investigation.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Federal Bureau of Investigation.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ start: 1908-07-26 location: "Washington, D.C." --- -The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency. The FBI was aware of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program and occasionally sought assistance from its remote viewers for counterintelligence situations.[^1] +The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency. The FBI was aware of the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program and occasionally sought assistance from its remote viewers for counterintelligence situations.[^1] ### Psi Research Assistance @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ One notable instance involved an FBI official seeking [[Norm Everheart]]'s help ### Dark Alliance Investigation -During the Contra war, the FBI investigated - and in some cases suppressed - connections between [[Contras|Contra]] supporters and [[cocaine]] trafficking. In 1982, the FBI identified [[Fernando Sanchez|Fernando Sánchez]] and [[Horacio Pereira]] as cocaine suppliers to the Contra drug operation in [[San Francisco]]. In 1987, Contra supporter [[Dennis Ainsworth]] told the FBI that [[Norwin Meneses]] "ran one of the major distributions in the U.S. He was national. And he was totally protected." The FBI took no apparent action.[^2] +During the Contra war, the FBI investigated - and in some cases suppressed - connections between [[Contras|Contra]] supporters and [[Cocaine]] trafficking. In 1982, the FBI identified [[Fernando Sanchez|Fernando Sánchez]] and [[Horacio Pereira]] as cocaine suppliers to the Contra drug operation in [[San Francisco]]. In 1987, Contra supporter [[Dennis Ainsworth]] told the FBI that [[Norwin Meneses]] "ran one of the major distributions in the U.S. He was national. And he was totally protected." The FBI took no apparent action.[^2] Between 1983 and 1986, the FBI opened five separate investigations of [[Ronald Lister]] for trafficking in illegal weapons. In September 1983, [[Pyramid International Security Consultants]] came under FBI scrutiny for Neutrality Act violations involving weapons sales to [[El Salvador]] and Saudi loans. Despite the Saudi government's involvement in financing covert operations, "no further information was ever developed."[^3] diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Human Use Review Board.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Human Use Review Board.md index bb8c6101..35a48f0c 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Human Use Review Board.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Human Use Review Board.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ summary: "A Human Use Review Board (also known as an Institutional Review Board A [[Human Use Review Board]] (also known as an Institutional Review Board or IRB) is a committee responsible for reviewing and approving research involving human subjects to ensure ethical standards and participant safety. These boards are a direct consequence of past abuses in human experimentation, such as those seen in [[Project MKUltra]] and Nazi medical experiments.[^1] -In the context of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], the remote viewing program was categorized as [[Human Use Experimentation]], requiring the establishment of a Human Use Review Board within the [[U.S. Army]] to oversee its activities. This ensured that participants provided informed consent and that the research adhered to ethical guidelines.[^1] +In the context of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], the remote viewing program was categorized as [[Human Use Experimentation]], requiring the establishment of a Human Use Review Board within the [[U.S. Army]] to oversee its activities. This ensured that participants provided informed consent and that the research adhered to ethical guidelines.[^1] --- diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/LAPD.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/LAPD.md index 5ceb3598..952c2740 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/LAPD.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/LAPD.md @@ -1,4 +1,6 @@ --- +aliases: + - Los Angeles Police Department category: "U.S. Government" tags: - Organization @@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ By 1986, despite three years of the crack epidemic raging in South Central, drug On January 12, 1987, the LAPD and the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department formally joined forces to create the Freeway Rick Task Force, one of the few times in L.A. law enforcement history that a single individual was the target of a multi-jurisdictional squad. The LAPD contributed four detectives to join five from the sheriff's department, led by Sergeant [[Robert Sobel]] of Majors I. Detective [[Steve Polak]], who had worked South Central streets since the dawn of crack, was among the LAPD contingent. Deputy LAPD chief Glenn Levant called the task force "a model for other jurisdictions to follow to attack mid-level cocaine trafficking in California."[^4] -The task force's tactics became increasingly aggressive. Detectives beat Ricky Ross's partner [[Ollie Newell]], smothering him with a plastic bag. They planted a kilo of [[cocaine]] on Ross after a foot chase in April 1987, with Polak retrieving the drugs from his trunk and claiming Ross had dropped them. After Ross's arrest, task force members visited him in jail and, on a tape recording, discussed their frame-up of him. A forensic expert found eleven erasures on the tape. After hearing the recording, the judge threw all charges out of court.[^4] +The task force's tactics became increasingly aggressive. Detectives beat Ricky Ross's partner [[Ollie Newell]], smothering him with a plastic bag. They planted a kilo of [[Cocaine]] on Ross after a foot chase in April 1987, with Polak retrieving the drugs from his trunk and claiming Ross had dropped them. After Ross's arrest, task force members visited him in jail and, on a tape recording, discussed their frame-up of him. A forensic expert found eleven erasures on the tape. After hearing the recording, the judge threw all charges out of court.[^4] ### Footnotes diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Laguna Beach Police Department.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Laguna Beach Police Department.md index 4296c229..b5b903f8 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Laguna Beach Police Department.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Laguna Beach Police Department.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ The Laguna Beach Police Department employed [[Ronald Lister|Ron Lister]], a form ### Ron Lister's Background -The Torres brothers told investigators that "Blandón is working with an ex-Laguna Beach police officer by the name of Ronnie, who lives in an expensive house in Mission Viejo and drives a new Mercedes automobile. Ronnie transported 100 kilos of [[cocaine]] to the Black market and has transported millions of dollars to [[Miami]] for Danilo Blandón." Lister operated Mundy Security Group Inc., incorporated in Laguna Beach in mid-1983, which provided cover for his weapons procurement activities. He claimed to have high-level CIA contacts at [[Fluor Corporation]] and told drug dealers his "friends in Washington" could make their legal problems disappear.[^2] +The Torres brothers told investigators that "Blandón is working with an ex-Laguna Beach police officer by the name of Ronnie, who lives in an expensive house in Mission Viejo and drives a new Mercedes automobile. Ronnie transported 100 kilos of [[Cocaine]] to the Black market and has transported millions of dollars to [[Miami]] for Danilo Blandón." Lister operated Mundy Security Group Inc., incorporated in Laguna Beach in mid-1983, which provided cover for his weapons procurement activities. He claimed to have high-level CIA contacts at [[Fluor Corporation]] and told drug dealers his "friends in Washington" could make their legal problems disappear.[^2] ### Purged Records diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Los Angeles County Sheriff's Office.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Los Angeles County Sheriff's Office.md index 21988d0b..70020b79 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Los Angeles County Sheriff's Office.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Los Angeles County Sheriff's Office.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ summary: The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department played a key role in invest start: 1850 location: "Los Angeles, California" --- -The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department (LASD) played a key role in investigating the Contra-connected [[cocaine]] network, arresting [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] before being ordered to release him and return seized evidence. The department's [[LASD Major Violators]] unit, known as "the Majors," partnered with federal agents on the investigation that nearly exposed the Contra drug connection.[^1] +The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department (LASD) played a key role in investigating the Contra-connected [[Cocaine]] network, arresting [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] before being ordered to release him and return seized evidence. The department's [[LASD Major Violators]] unit, known as "the Majors," partnered with federal agents on the investigation that nearly exposed the Contra drug connection.[^1] ### The Blandón Investigation diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/NASA.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/NASA.md index 66b52ce3..b6e47b62 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/NASA.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/NASA.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is the U.S. federal civ ### Edgar Mitchell and the Apollo 14 Experience -Apollo 14 commander [[Edgar Mitchell]] had a spontaneous experience during the return voyage from the Moon in February 1971 that he later described as a sudden overwhelming sense of unity with the universe and the understanding that consciousness was somehow fundamental to reality. This experience, which Mitchell characterized as a form of samadhi drawn from Eastern spiritual traditions, led him to undertake a scientific investigation of consciousness upon his return. +Apollo 14 commander Edgar Mitchell had a spontaneous experience during the return voyage from the Moon in February 1971 that he later described as a sudden overwhelming sense of unity with the universe and the understanding that consciousness was somehow fundamental to reality. This experience, which Mitchell characterized as a form of samadhi drawn from Eastern spiritual traditions, led him to undertake a scientific investigation of consciousness upon his return. In 1973, Mitchell founded the [[Institute of Noetic Sciences|Institute of Noetic Sciences (IONS)]] in Palo Alto, California, to study consciousness and what he believed were its paranormal dimensions. IONS funded and published research on remote viewing, psychokinesis, and other psi phenomena, and provided some financial and institutional support to the broader network of researchers and practitioners associated with the U.S. government's parapsychology programs. @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ During the Apollo 14 flight itself - without NASA authorization - Mitchell condu ### Remote Viewing and Space Targets -The early [[STARGATE PROJECT|STAR GATE]] remote viewing research conducted at the [[Stanford Research Institute|Stanford Research Institute (SRI)]] in the early 1970s included several experiments in which subjects attempted to describe space-related targets. In 1973, [[Ingo Swann]] was asked by researchers to describe the planet Jupiter, providing his description before NASA's Pioneer 10 spacecraft reached the planet. Swann's session, conducted on April 27, 1973, described Jupiter as having rings - a feature not then known. Pioneer 10 flew past Jupiter in December 1973; later spacecraft confirmed Jupiter has a faint ring system. This session was cited by remote viewing proponents as one of the most significant predictive examples in the SRI database, though critics disputed the interpretation of Swann's original description and its match to the later discovery. +The early [[Stargate Project|STAR GATE]] remote viewing research conducted at the [[Stanford Research Institute|Stanford Research Institute (SRI)]] in the early 1970s included several experiments in which subjects attempted to describe space-related targets. In 1973, [[Ingo Swann]] was asked by researchers to describe the planet Jupiter, providing his description before NASA's Pioneer 10 spacecraft reached the planet. Swann's session, conducted on April 27, 1973, described Jupiter as having rings - a feature not then known. Pioneer 10 flew past Jupiter in December 1973; later spacecraft confirmed Jupiter has a faint ring system. This session was cited by remote viewing proponents as one of the most significant predictive examples in the SRI database, though critics disputed the interpretation of Swann's original description and its match to the later discovery. Similar space-target sessions were conducted with other SRI subjects during the 1972-1975 period. NASA spacecraft and planetary features were used as targets in some experiments.[^1] diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/NSA.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/NSA.md index 14a67a00..76dd3754 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/NSA.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/NSA.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ location: "Fort Meade, Maryland" > [!INFO] THIS IS NOT WIKIPEDIA > This page is not all encompassing. The organization is obviously much larger and more detailed than the scope of this page. Consequently, only general information and details relevant to other research thrusts are included. -The National Security Agency (NSA) is a U.S. intelligence agency primarily responsible for signals intelligence (SIGINT) and cybersecurity. The NSA became involved in the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, particularly in tasking remote viewers with sensitive intelligence collection.[^1] +The National Security Agency (NSA) is a U.S. intelligence agency primarily responsible for signals intelligence (SIGINT) and cybersecurity. The NSA became involved in the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program, particularly in tasking remote viewers with sensitive intelligence collection.[^1] ### Role in Satellite Intelligence diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Office of Research and Development (CIA).md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Office of Research and Development (CIA).md index fb3929fa..24c21f27 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Office of Research and Development (CIA).md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Office of Research and Development (CIA).md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ start: 1962 location: "Langley, Virginia" --- -The [[Office of Research and Development (CIA)]] (ORD) was a more scientifically oriented office within the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s [[Directorate of Science and Technology]]. Along with the [[Office of Technical Service|Office of Technical Service]] (OTS), ORD jointly handled the funding and contract management for the CIA's psi research, including the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]] at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]].[^1] +The [[Office of Research and Development (CIA)]] (ORD) was a more scientifically oriented office within the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s [[Directorate of Science and Technology]]. Along with the [[Office of Technical Service|Office of Technical Service]] (OTS), ORD jointly handled the funding and contract management for the CIA's psi research, including the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]] at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]].[^1] --- diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Office of Technical Service.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Office of Technical Service.md index e4fd9dfb..dc911c2e 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Office of Technical Service.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Office of Technical Service.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ summary: "The Office of Technical Service (OTS) was a CIA division responsible f The [[Office of Technical Service]] (OTS) was a division within the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] responsible for technical assistance to spying and covert-action operations. It was previously known as the Technical Services Division (TSD). OTS was often referred to as the "Q Branch" of the CIA, akin to the gadget-strewn division in the James Bond films.[^1] -OTS played a significant role in the early funding and management of the CIA's psi research, including the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]]. [[Kenneth A. Kress|Ken Kress]], an OTS engineer, was responsible for giving [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] its first psi research contract in 1972. [[Norm Everheart]] served as the chief of OTS's regional "tech base" in Athens before becoming a liaison to [[Staff D]] and a key coordinator for Grill Flame taskings from the CIA's Operations Directorate.[^1] +OTS played a significant role in the early funding and management of the CIA's psi research, including the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]]. [[Kenneth A. Kress|Ken Kress]], an OTS engineer, was responsible for giving [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] its first psi research contract in 1972. [[Norm Everheart]] served as the chief of OTS's regional "tech base" in Athens before becoming a liaison to [[Staff D]] and a key coordinator for Grill Flame taskings from the CIA's Operations Directorate.[^1] [[John McMahon]], the CIA's deputy director for operations, was also the head of OTS, indicating the importance of this office in technical and covert operations, including those involving psychic intelligence.[^1] diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Operations Security Group.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Operations Security Group.md index 83285e9c..2a7fced0 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Operations Security Group.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Operations Security Group.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ The [[Operations Security Group]] (Opsec) was a [[U.S. Army]] unit based at [[Fo [[Mel Riley]] was posted to the Opsec Group in 1976, where his specific job was to analyze photographic intelligence on these installations. The Opsec Group later became part of the [[Systems Exploitation Detachment]] (SED), which in turn was attached to the office of the Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence (ACSI).[^1] -[[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] initially proposed the formation of a small remote-viewing team to the head of SED, Colonel [[Robert Keenan]], arguing that remote viewing represented a potential security threat that Opsec teams should study. The early remote viewing activities under [[STARGATE PROJECT|Gondola Wish]] were initially envisioned to support opsec missions, though the unit later transitioned to an offensive spying role under [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]].[^1] +[[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] initially proposed the formation of a small remote-viewing team to the head of SED, Colonel [[Robert Keenan]], arguing that remote viewing represented a potential security threat that Opsec teams should study. The early remote viewing activities under [[Stargate Project|Gondola Wish]] were initially envisioned to support opsec missions, though the unit later transitioned to an offensive spying role under Grill Flame.[^1] --- diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Systems Exploitation Detachment.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Systems Exploitation Detachment.md index 5e3f48e9..6ec47eb0 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Systems Exploitation Detachment.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/Systems Exploitation Detachment.md @@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ The SED played a crucial role in the establishment of the Army's remote viewing * The office of the assistant chief of staff for intelligence (ACSI) [i] * The remote viewing unit itself, formally known as the "Special Action Branch," took its orders from the Pentagon office of the Army’s assistant chief of staff for intelligence. * Tasking requests for the Special Action Branch came from various offices throughout the U.S. intelligence community, including the [[Central Intelligence Agency]], the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]], and the [[President’s National Security Council]]. -* Orders and information were marked with the standard Army intelligence SECRET classification and the Pentagon code word, [[STARGATE PROJECT|GRILL FLAME]]. \ No newline at end of file +* Orders and information were marked with the standard Army intelligence SECRET classification and the Pentagon code word, [[Stargate Project|GRILL FLAME]]. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/U.S. Air Force.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/U.S. Air Force.md index 81e868a1..b479b41f 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/U.S. Air Force.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/U.S. Air Force.md @@ -1,4 +1,6 @@ --- +aliases: + - United States Air Force created: 2025-07-22 updated: 2025-07-22 title: U.S. Air Force @@ -13,11 +15,11 @@ start: 1947 location: "Arlington, Virginia" --- -The [[U.S. Air Force]] is the aerial warfare service branch of the [[United States]]. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, the Air Force was a key customer for the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, tasking remote viewers with sensitive intelligence problems.[^1] +The [[U.S. Air Force]] is the aerial warfare service branch of the [[United States]]. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, the Air Force was a key customer for the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program, tasking remote viewers with sensitive intelligence problems.[^1] One notable instance involved the tasking of [[Mel Riley]] and [[Joe McMoneagle]] to remote-view a new Chinese nuclear device at Lop Nor. Air Force officials, anxious to supplement their conventional intelligence efforts, sought details about the device's design and whether it had been tested. The remote viewers' descriptions, particularly of an "hourglass-shaped device," were of significant interest to Air Force analysts. The Air Force also tasked remote viewers to locate a crashed U.S. Navy A-6 aircraft, which [[Ken Bell]] successfully did.[^1] -Additionally, the Air Force was involved in the public rollout of the B-2 Stealth bomber, which [[Mel Riley]] had accurately remote-viewed years prior during an opsec tasking, demonstrating the program's ability to penetrate highly secret projects.[^1] +Additionally, the Air Force was involved in the public rollout of the B-2 Stealth bomber, which Mel Riley had accurately remote-viewed years prior during an opsec tasking, demonstrating the program's ability to penetrate highly secret projects.[^1] --- diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/U.S. Army.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/U.S. Army.md index c8101107..b855fd26 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/U.S. Army.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/U.S. Army.md @@ -1,4 +1,6 @@ --- +aliases: + - United States Army title: U.S. Army tags: - Organization @@ -37,7 +39,7 @@ The U.S. Army trained hundreds of [[Nicaraguan National Guard]] officers who lat - [[Fort Huachuca]] - [[Fort Meade]] ### Projects -- [[STARGATE PROJECT]] +- [[Stargate Project]] ### Footnotes diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/U.S. Attorney General.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/U.S. Attorney General.md index 4df4e50c..88661968 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/U.S. Attorney General.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/U.S. Attorney General.md @@ -1,4 +1,6 @@ --- +aliases: + - United States Attorney General category: "U.S. Government" tags: - organization diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/United States Army Intelligence and Security Command.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/United States Army Intelligence and Security Command.md index 46224585..b1d2b1cd 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/United States Army Intelligence and Security Command.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/GOVERNMENT/USA/United States Army Intelligence and Security Command.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - U.S. Army Intelligence - NSA Collaboration - Remote Viewing -description: INSCOM was formed in 1977 by merging USAINTA and ASA, maintaining Army control while collaborating with the NSA. Headquartered at Fort Meade, it conducted remote viewing operations, including the STARGATE PROJECT, until at least 1981 under General Albert Stubblebine. +description: INSCOM was formed in 1977 by merging USAINTA and ASA, maintaining Army control while collaborating with the NSA. Headquartered at Fort Meade, it conducted remote viewing operations, including the Stargate Project, until at least 1981 under General Albert Stubblebine. category: "U.S. Government" summary: "The United States Army Intelligence and Security Command (INSCOM) is the Army's primary intelligence and security command, formed in 1977 from the merger of the Army Security Agency and Army Intelligence Command, and parent organization to the STARGATE remote viewing unit at Fort Meade." start: 1977 @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ The [[United States Army Intelligence]] and Security Command (INSCOM) was formed This merger was organized at [[Arlington Hall Station]], VA and officially occurred on October 1, 1977. General [[William Rolya]] was the first commanding officer. The headquarters was moved to [[Fort Meade]] where the ASA and other groups were originally stationed. -The command engaged in [[remote viewing]] operations (under various codenames but referred to as [[STARGATE PROJECT]] for the purposes of this knowledge base) through at least 1981 under commanding general [[Albert Stubblebine]]. \ No newline at end of file +The command engaged in [[remote viewing]] operations (under various codenames but referred to as [[Stargate Project]] for the purposes of this knowledge base) through at least 1981 under commanding general [[Albert Stubblebine]]. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/KEY ORGANIZATIONS.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/KEY ORGANIZATIONS.md index 82d8e4e0..a30e3232 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/KEY ORGANIZATIONS.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/KEY ORGANIZATIONS.md @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ Federal agencies, military branches, law enforcement, and government offices of | [[State Department]] | The State Department serves as the federal executive department responsible for the United States' foreign policy and international relations. | | [[Strategic Air Command]] | The Strategic Air Command (SAC) was a United States Air Force command responsible for the nation's strategic nuclear deterrence. | | [[Task Force 157]] | Task Force 157 was a small, undercover U.S. Navy intelligence unit. During the 1973 Yom Kippur War, operating in the waters of the Bosporus off Turkey, it relayed data to Washington D.C. | -| [[U.S. Air Force]] | The U.S. Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, the Air Force was a key customer for the STARGATE PROJECT program, tasking remote viewers with sensitive... | +| [[U.S. Air Force]] | The U.S. Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, the Air Force was a key customer for the Stargate Project program, tasking remote viewers with sensitive... | | [[U.S. Army]] | Obviously this is an enormous organization within the larger umbrella of the Department of Defense and well beyond the scope of a single information page. With that said, the U.S. | | [[U.S. Army School of the Americas]] | The U.S. Army School of the Americas at Fort Benning trained hundreds of Nicaraguan National Guard officers who later formed the leadership of the Contra army. | | [[U.S. Attorney General]] | The U.S. Attorney General is the nation's chief law enforcement officer, a position held during the Contra war by William French Smith and later Edwin Meese. | @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ Intelligence agencies, political parties, military forces, and government bodies | [[Rafi]] | Rafi (an acronym for the Israel Workers' List) was a new political party created by David Ben-Gurion in June 1965, after he dramatically resigned from the Mapai Party. He was joined by Shimon Peres, who became Rafi's power broker, and Moshe Dayan. | | [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] | The Royal Canadian Mounted Police is Canada's national police force, which became significantly involved in the investigation of the PROMIS Software Scandal. | | [[Russian Orthodox Church]] | The Russian Orthodox Church's Nuncio in Jerusalem served as the quasi-official representative of the KGB in Israel. The KGB's contacts with Israel intelligence went through him ever since Israel and the Soviet Union cut diplomatic ties in 1967.[^1] | -| [[LAKAM]] | LAKAM (Hebrew acronym for Science Liaison Bureau) was an Israeli Ministry of Defense intelligence agency, previously known as the Office of Special Tasks, founded and initially directed by Binyamin Blumberg. | +| LAKAM | LAKAM (Hebrew acronym for Science Liaison Bureau) was an Israeli Ministry of Defense intelligence agency, previously known as the Office of Special Tasks, founded and initially directed by Binyamin Blumberg. | | [[Shas Party]] | The Shas Party is an orthodox political party in Israel, which emerged as a significant force in Israeli politics. | | [[Shin Bet]] | Shin Bet is Israel's internal security service. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, Uri Geller claimed to have worked with Shin Bet officials, along with Israeli military intelligence and Mossad. | | [[South African Defense Force]] | The South African Defense Force (SADF) was the military of South Africa. It entered into a military cooperation agreement with the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) known as SIMWA (SADF-IDF Mutual Wartime Agreement).[^1] | @@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ Corporations, banks, media outlets, research institutes, crime syndicates, and o | [[San Francisco Chronicle]] | The San Francisco Chronicle was a Bay Area newspaper that reported on aspects of the Contra-connected drug trafficking operations centered in San Francisco. | | [[San Jose Mercury News]] | The San Jose Mercury News published the Dark Alliance series in August 1996, using the Internet to share source documents with the public in an unprecedented act of journalistic transparency. | | [[Science Applications International Corporation]] | The Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) was founded in 1969 by J Robert Beyster as Science Applications Incorporated (SAI). | -| [[Scientology]] | Scientology is a body of beliefs and practices invented by American author L. Ron Hubbard. In the context of the STARGATE PROJECT, several key figures involved in the early remote viewing research at Stanford Research Institute were former members... | +| [[Scientology]] | Scientology is a body of beliefs and practices invented by American author L. Ron Hubbard. In the context of the Stargate Project, several key figures involved in the early remote viewing research at Stanford Research Institute were former members... | | [[SCT]] | Systems and Computer Technology, Inc. ('SCT') was a company involved in an alleged attempt to purchase Inslaw Corporation in early 1986. | | [[SETCO]] | SETCO was a Honduran air freight company owned by drug kingpin Juan Matta Ballesteros that served as the principal transportation provider for the FDN Contra army. | | [[Sheridan Square Press]] | Sheridan Square Press was a publisher based in New York. It published Ari Ben-Menashe book, *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network*. | diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Contras.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Contras.md index d3341886..3fbf7e2f 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Contras.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Contras.md @@ -1,45 +1,65 @@ --- -title: Contras aliases: - - Contras - Contra - Nicaraguan Contras -created: 2026-05-17 -updated: 2026-05-17 category: "Paramilitary" tags: - Organization - - Political - Nicaragua - Contra - - 1980s - - ColdWar + - CIA + - IranContra - DarkAllianceInvestigation -summary: "Nicaraguan rebel groups organized and funded by the CIA to overthrow the Sandinista government, composed largely of former Somoza National Guard officers and implicated extensively in cocaine trafficking throughout the 1980s war." -start: 1980-01-01 +summary: "Nicaraguan rebel armies of the 1980s, built largely from Somoza's National Guard and backed by the CIA and then by Oliver North's private network, whose supply lines were used by cocaine traffickers." +start: 1980 location: "Honduras" +relations: + - type: funded + with: "[[Central Intelligence Agency]]" + reverse: true + start: 1981 + fn: 2 + - type: funded + with: "[[The Enterprise (Iran-Contra)]]" + reverse: true + start: 1985 + end: 1986 + fn: 4 +created: 2026-05-17 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -The Contras were [[Nicaragua|Nicaraguan]] rebel groups organized and funded by the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] to overthrow the [[Sandinistas|Sandinista]] government of Nicaragua.[^3] Made up largely of former followers of deposed dictator [[Anastasio Somoza]] and his [[Nicaraguan National Guard|National Guard]], the Contras were the darlings of the [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] administration's anti-Communist foreign policy. Multiple Contra factions were implicated in [[cocaine]] trafficking during the 1980s war.[^1] -### Major Contra Factions +The Contras were the armed opposition to the [[Sandinistas|Sandinista]] government of [[Nicaragua]] from 1980 to 1990. Their largest army, the [[FDN]], was built around officers of [[Anastasio Somoza]]'s [[Nicaraguan National Guard|National Guard]] and based in [[Honduras]]; the southern armies of [[Eden Pastora]]'s [[ARDE]] and of [[UDN-FARN]], under [[Fernando Chamorro|Fernando "El Negro" Chamorro]], operated from [[Costa Rica]].[^1][^2] -The largest and best-equipped faction was the [[FDN|Fuerza Democrática Nicaragüense (FDN)]], created by the CIA, based in [[Honduras]], and commanded by [[Enrique Bermudez|Enrique Bermúdez]].[^2] The [[UDN-FARN]] was based in [[Costa Rica]] and commanded by [[Fernando Chamorro|"El Negro" Chamorro]]. [[ARDE]] was commanded by former Sandinista hero [[Eden Pastora|"Commandante Zero"]] and was also based in Costa Rica. The later umbrella group [[UNO]] was a CIA-inspired attempt to unite all factions under one banner. +### Formation -### Drug Trafficking +The [[Legion of September 15]], formed in 1980 and led by [[Enrique Bermudez|Enrique Bermúdez]] and Justiniano Pérez, became the military arm of the Nicaraguan Democratic Revolutionary Alliance (ADREN). In May 1981 the ADREN, the Nicaraguan Democratic Union and MISURASATA agreed in principle to combine; the FDN was established in September 1981, and the merger was completed in early 1982.[^2] According to [[Gary Webb]], the CIA had begun reassembling National Guard officers in 1980, and [[Dewey Clarridge]], chief of its Latin America Division from 1981 to 1984, directed the program and recruited Pastora in 1981.[^1] [[Adolfo Calero]] left Nicaragua in December 1982 and became the FDN's president and commander-in-chief.[^2] In mid-1985 the factions were joined in the United Nicaraguan Opposition ([[UNO]]) under Calero, [[Arturo Cruz]] and [[Alfonso Robelo]].[^2] -The [[John Kerry|Kerry]] Committee investigation (1987-1988) by the [[Senate Foreign Relations Committee]] uncovered direct links between drug dealers and the Contras.[^1] Contra leaders acknowledged receiving drug profits with the apparent knowledge of the CIA. Drug dealers admitted under oath to giving money to the Contras and passed polygraph tests. Pilots admitted flying weapons south and cocaine and marijuana north, landing in at least one instance at [[Homestead Air Force Base|Homestead]] Air Force Base in [[Florida]]. +### Money -[[Norwin Meneses]] worked for the Contras as a recruiter, arms supplier, and benefactor during the entire war.[^2] [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] sold cocaine in [[Los Angeles]] to raise funds for the Contras in the early 1980s and founded the FDN chapter in Los Angeles. Multiple Contra officials were identified by the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] as being involved in or connected to drug trafficking, including [[Aristides Sanchez|Aristides Sánchez]], [[Fernando Sanchez|Fernando Sánchez]], [[Renato Pena|Renato Peña]], [[Vicente Rappaccioli]], and [[Marcos Aguado]]. +Congress restricted aid to the Contras from 1982 in the [[Boland Amendment|Boland amendments]]; the House voted 228 to 195 on July 28, 1983, to stop all aid, and the amendment of October 1984 barred any agency of the government from supporting them.[^1] [[Oliver North]] of the [[National Security Council]] then organized private supply. The [[The Enterprise (Iran-Contra)|Enterprise]] run by [[Richard Secord]] and [[Albert Hakim]] took in money from the arms sales to [[Iran]] and from private donors; about 3.8 million dollars of its receipts reached the Contra supply operation.[^4] The fundraiser [[Carl Channell]] brought North to [[Nelson Bunker Hunt]], who gave 475,000 dollars in 1985 to the tax-exempt foundation through which Channell raised money for the Contras.[^4][^5] Before North's network existed, the National Security Council had channeled money to the Contras through [[Saudi Arabia]] and the [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International]].[^6] In mid-1985 Congress voted 27 million dollars in "humanitarian" aid, administered by the [[State Department]]'s [[NHAO|Nicaraguan Humanitarian Assistance Office]], which hired air carriers including [[SETCO]], owned by the Honduran trafficker [[Juan Matta Ballesteros]], and [[Frigorificos de Puntarenas]], a Costa Rican seafood company controlled by Miami traffickers.[^1] The Enterprise flew supplies from Hangar No. 4 at [[Ilopango]] in [[El Salvador]]; the shootdown of one of its aircraft over Nicaragua on October 5, 1986, and the capture of [[Eugene Hasenfus]] exposed the operation.[^1][^4] -The [[Frogman Case]], the largest cocaine bust in West Coast history at the time, exposed direct links between Contra drug traffickers in [[San Francisco]] and the CIA. When defense attorneys obtained letters from CIA assets [[Francisco Aviles]] and Vicente Rappaccioli claiming seized drug money belonged to the Contras, the CIA intervened to suppress the connection. A secret 1987 [[DEA]] report noted that a defendant in the Frogman case had made 51 phone calls to the FDN office in San Francisco.[^4] +### Drugs -### Political Context +In September 1981 the CIA received an allegation that the ADREN had decided to smuggle drugs into the [[United States]] to finance its war, beginning with cocaine carried to [[Miami]] on a commercial flight in July 1981; it sent the report to the State Department and others on September 14 and to the [[DEA]], the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], Customs and Treasury on October 28, 1981.[^2] -The Contras were a creation of the CIA, assembled from the remnants of Somoza's defeated National Guard. After the Sandinistas overthrew Somoza in July 1979, National Guard officers who escaped poured across the borders into [[El Salvador]], Honduras, and Costa Rica. The CIA began reassembling these forces in 1980 under the direction of [[Dewey Clarridge]].[^1] +The [[Frogman Case]] of 1982 and 1983, a federal task force investigation in [[San Francisco]] that arrested more than fifty defendants and seized 555 pounds of cocaine, included [[Julio Zavala]] and [[Carlos Cabezas]]. When Zavala's lawyer sought depositions in Costa Rica to show that 36,000 dollars seized from him had been given to him by Contra officials, the CIA's Costa Rica station learned of the plan, a CIA lawyer met the prosecutor, the depositions were canceled and the money was returned. A memorandum by the CIA lawyer said the depositions could damage "the CIA's image and program in [[Central America]]," and CIA records stated that the money was returned at the CIA's request; the U.S. Attorney, [[Joseph Russoniello]], said it was returned because the case was not worth the cost. The [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]]'s inspector general concluded that Zavala or people acting for him had fabricated the claim that the money was the Contras'. Cabezas testified that drug profits from the ring went to the Contras. According to Webb, the letters came from [[Francisco Aviles]] and [[Vicente Rappaccioli]], whom the CIA's Costa Rica station described as Contra officials and agency assets, and a DEA report of 1987 noted that a defendant in the case had made 51 telephone calls to the FDN office in San Francisco.[^1][^3] + +The DEA office in Costa Rica used [[Norwin Meneses]], who had raised money and bought equipment for the FDN, as a source of information from July 1986 and as a registered informant from 1987; in January 1987 the FBI in San Francisco asked whether an indictment of him "will result in national security problems with other agencies," and it deferred his prosecution.[^3] His associate [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]], who sold cocaine in [[Los Angeles]] to [[Ricky Ross]], became a paid informant of the Justice Department in 1994.[^3] According to Webb, Blandón founded the FDN's Los Angeles chapter and sold cocaine in the early 1980s to raise money for it, and the FBI identified the Contra officials [[Aristides Sanchez|Aristides Sánchez]], [[Fernando Sanchez|Fernando Sánchez]], [[Renato Pena|Renato Peña]], Rappaccioli and [[Marcos Aguado]] as involved in or connected to drug trafficking.[^1] + +The Senate subcommittee under [[John Kerry]] reported in December 1988 on drug trafficking by people supporting the Contras.[^7] Webb summarized its findings: Contra leaders acknowledged receiving drug profits with the apparent knowledge of the CIA, traffickers testified under oath that they had given money to the Contras and passed polygraph tests, and pilots described flying weapons south and cocaine and marijuana north, in one instance landing at [[Homestead Air Force Base]] in Florida.[^1] In 1998 the CIA's inspector general, [[Fred Hitz]], testified that the agency "did not, in an expeditious or consistent fashion, cut off relationships with individuals supporting the Contra program who were alleged to have engaged in drug trafficking activity."[^1] The Justice Department's report on the affair, signed on December 17, 1997, was held back by Attorney General [[Janet Reno]] under section 8E of the Inspector General Act, "the first time that publication of one of our reports has been prevented in this manner," and released in July 1998.[^3] + +### Prosecutions + +[[Alan Fiers]], chief of the CIA's Central American Task Force, pleaded guilty to withholding information from Congress; Clarridge was indicted in 1991 for perjury and false statements.[^1] On December 24, 1992, President [[George H.W. Bush]] pardoned both, with [[Caspar Weinberger]], Clair George, [[Elliott Abrams]] and [[Robert McFarlane]];[^4] Attorney General [[William Barr]] had advised him to pardon the Iran-Contra defendants and favored "the broadest" pardons.[^8] ### Footnotes -[^1]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Prologue: "It was like they didn't want to know" -[^2]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Cast of Characters -[^3]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Glossary of Organizations and Locations -[^4]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 5: "God, Fatherland and Freedom" +[^1]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. +[^2]: Central Intelligence Agency, Office of Inspector General. *Allegations of Connections Between CIA and the Contras in Cocaine Trafficking to the United States,* Volume II: *The Contra Story,* October 8, 1998, sections on organizations, Adolfo Calero and Enrique Bermudez. https://irp.fas.org/cia/product/cocaine2/ +[^3]: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of the Inspector General. *The CIA-Contra-Crack Cocaine Controversy: A Review of the Justice Department's Investigations and Prosecutions.* December 1997, executive summary, chapters II, III and VIII, appendix E and epilogue. https://oig.justice.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/special/9712/ +[^4]: Walsh, Lawrence E. *Final Report of the Independent Counsel for Iran/Contra Matters.* 1993, including the summary of prosecutions. https://irp.fas.org/offdocs/walsh/ +[^5]: Gwynne, S. C. "Bunker Hunt," *Texas Monthly,* September 2001. +[^6]: Beaty, Jonathan, and S. C. Gwynne. *The Outlaw Bank: A Wild Ride into the Secret Heart of BCCI.* Random House, 1993. +[^7]: U.S. Senate, Committee on Foreign Relations, Subcommittee on Terrorism, Narcotics and International Operations. *Drugs, Law Enforcement and Foreign Policy.* S. Prt. 100-165, December 1988. https://archive.org/details/Kerry-Report-Drugs-Contras +[^8]: Miller Center, University of Virginia. "William P. Barr Oral History," April 5, 2001. https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/presidential-oral-histories/william-p-barr-oral-history diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/FARN.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/FARN.md index 99ebec6b..8034776e 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/FARN.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/FARN.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tags: summary: FARN (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias Nicaragüenses) was the UDN-FARN Contra faction that operated on Costa Rica's Southern Front and was deeply involved in cocaine trafficking. location: "Costa Rica" --- -FARN (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias Nicaragüenses) was the military wing of the [[UDN-FARN]] Contra faction that operated on [[Costa Rica]]'s Southern Front and was deeply involved in [[cocaine]] trafficking. The organization was led by [[Fernando Chamorro|Fernando "El Negro" Chamorro]], with [[Edmundo Chamorro]] as deputy commander.[^1] +FARN (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias Nicaragüenses) was the military wing of the [[UDN-FARN]] Contra faction that operated on [[Costa Rica]]'s Southern Front and was deeply involved in [[Cocaine]] trafficking. The organization was led by [[Fernando Chamorro|Fernando "El Negro" Chamorro]], with [[Edmundo Chamorro]] as deputy commander.[^1] ### Drug Trafficking on the Southern Front diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/FDN.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/FDN.md index 8b3a9a5d..88aea221 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/FDN.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/FDN.md @@ -4,8 +4,27 @@ aliases: - FDN - Fuerza Democrática Nicaragüense - Nicaraguan Democratic Force +relations: + - type: head_of + with: "[[Enrique Bermudez]]" + reverse: true + start: 1981-09 + end: 1990-02 + role: "chief of the general staff, then chief of military affairs" + fn: 7 + - type: head_of + with: "[[Adolfo Calero]]" + reverse: true + start: 1983 + role: "president and commander-in-chief" + fn: 7 + - type: funded + with: "[[Central Intelligence Agency]]" + reverse: true + start: 1981 + fn: 3 created: 2026-05-17 -updated: 2026-05-17 +updated: 2026-09-22 category: "Paramilitary" tags: - Organization @@ -15,34 +34,36 @@ tags: - 1980s - DarkAllianceInvestigation summary: "The FDN was the largest and best-armed Contra faction, created by the CIA and commanded by Enrique Bermudez, with documented connections to cocaine trafficking for fundraising." -start: 1981-08-01 +start: 1981 location: "Honduras" --- The Fuerza Democrática Nicaragüense was the largest, most well-armed, and best-trained of all the [[Contras|Contra]] factions.[^3] Created by the [[Central Intelligence Agency]], based in [[Honduras]], and commanded by [[Enrique Bermudez|Enrique Bermúdez]], a former [[Nicaraguan National Guard|National Guardsman]]. The FDN's political wing was led by [[Adolfo Calero]], a longtime CIA agent and former manager of the Coca-Cola bottling plant in [[Managua]]. ### Leadership -Enrique Bermúdez ("Commandante 380") served as supreme military commander. Adolfo Calero was selected by the CIA in 1983 to lead the political wing and worked closely with [[Oliver North]]. [[Aristides Sanchez|Aristides Sánchez]] was head of supplies and logistics, went on the CIA payroll in the early 1980s as an aide to Bermúdez, and allegedly served as the conduit for [[cocaine]] money flowing from the [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] drug ring in [[California]]. +Enrique Bermúdez ("Commandante 380") served as supreme military commander. According to [[Gary Webb]], the CIA selected Adolfo Calero in 1983 to lead the political wing; he worked closely with [[Oliver North]]. In the CIA inspector general's account, Calero left Nicaragua in protest against Sandinista policies in December 1982, joined the FDN leadership, sought support in Panama, [[Costa Rica]] and Colombia in January 1983, and became the FDN's president and commander-in-chief. Bermúdez, a National Guard engineer officer from 1952 to 1979 and defense attaché in Washington from 1976, was removed as chief of the general staff in late 1982 but remained the de facto military leader; in February 1984 the general staff was replaced by a combined command with Calero as commander-in-chief and Bermúdez as chief of military affairs. He was ousted in February 1990 and assassinated in Managua on February 16, 1991.[^7] [[Aristides Sanchez|Aristides Sánchez]] was head of supplies and logistics, went on the CIA payroll in the early 1980s as an aide to Bermúdez, and allegedly served as the conduit for [[Cocaine]] money flowing from the [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] drug ring in [[California]]. ### Drug Trafficking Connections -Multiple FDN officials were implicated in drug trafficking. [[Renato Pena|Renato Peña]], the FDN spokesman in [[San Francisco]], was one of Norwin Meneses's cocaine dealers and admitted hauling millions in drug profits from San Francisco to [[Los Angeles]] for delivery to the Contras. Peña was present "on many occasions" when Meneses telephoned FDN commander Enrique Bermúdez in Honduras to discuss requests for gun silencers, cross bows, and other military equipment.[^5] [[Fernando Sanchez|Fernando Sánchez]], the FDN's representative in [[Guatemala]], was identified by the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] in November 1982 as a cocaine supplier to the [[Frogman Case|Frogman drug ring]]. Aristides Sánchez allegedly served as the conduit for cocaine money from the Meneses operation and personally received drug cash from [[Carlos Cabezas]] at the Contras' [[Miami]] offices.[^1] [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] founded the FDN chapter in Los Angeles and used cocaine sales to fund the Contras.[^1] +In September 1981 the CIA received an allegation that the ADREN, the organization whose military arm was the Legion of September 15, had decided to smuggle drugs into the [[United States]] to finance its activities, beginning with cocaine carried to [[Miami]] on a commercial flight in July 1981. The agency sent the report to the [[State Department]], the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]], the [[NSA]], U.S. Southern Command and the ambassadors in [[Central America]] on September 14, 1981, and to the [[DEA]], the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], Customs and Treasury on October 28, 1981, under the title "ADREN Operations to Smuggle Narcotics Into the U.S. to Finance Its Anti-Sandinista Activities." In February 1982 CIA headquarters answered a name trace that Bermúdez "is not associated with the 'renegade' 15th of September Legion members," whom it described as engaged in drug smuggling. The inspector general found no record that either allegation about Bermúdez was reported to Congress.[^7] -A secret 1987 [[DEA]] report stated that a defendant in the Frogman Case had made 51 phone calls to the FDN office in San Francisco, and a DEA informant had met with traffickers at the FDN office.[^4] +Multiple FDN officials were implicated in drug trafficking. [[Renato Pena|Renato Peña]], the FDN spokesman in [[San Francisco]], was one of Norwin Meneses's cocaine dealers and admitted hauling millions in drug profits from San Francisco to [[Los Angeles]] for delivery to the Contras. Peña was present "on many occasions" when Meneses telephoned FDN commander Enrique Bermúdez in Honduras to discuss requests for gun silencers, cross bows, and other military equipment.[^5] [[Fernando Sanchez|Fernando Sánchez]], the FDN's representative in [[Guatemala]], was identified by the Federal Bureau of Investigation in November 1982 as a cocaine supplier to the [[Frogman Case|Frogman drug ring]]. Aristides Sánchez allegedly served as the conduit for cocaine money from the Meneses operation and personally received drug cash from [[Carlos Cabezas]] at the Contras' Miami offices.[^1] [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] founded the FDN chapter in Los Angeles and used cocaine sales to fund the Contras.[^1] + +A secret 1987 DEA report stated that a defendant in the Frogman Case had made 51 phone calls to the FDN office in San Francisco, and a DEA informant had met with traffickers at the FDN office.[^4] ### Origins and Creation -The FDN was officially created in August 1981 when the CIA forced a merger between Bermúdez's [[Legion of September 15]] and [[UDN-FARN]]. The merger was signed in the upstairs rec room of the Legion's rented safe house in [[Guatemala City]], with an Argentine military officer observing. Former FDN director Edgar Chamorro stated in a World Court affidavit that the CIA paid for the meeting, rented the building, and drafted the agreement: "The name of the organization, the members of the political junta and the members of the general staff were all chosen or approved by the CIA." +The FDN was officially created in August 1981 when the CIA forced a merger between Bermúdez's [[Legion of September 15]] and [[UDN-FARN]]. The merger was signed in the upstairs rec room of the Legion's rented safe house in [[Guatemala City]], with an Argentine military officer observing. Former FDN director [[Edgar Chamorro]] stated in a World Court affidavit that the CIA paid for the meeting, rented the building, and drafted the agreement: "The name of the organization, the members of the political junta and the members of the general staff were all chosen or approved by the CIA." The CIA inspector general's chronology, drawn from station cables, records that the ADREN, the Nicaraguan Democratic Union and MISURASATA agreed in principle in May 1981 to combine, that the FDN "was established in September 1981" with a general staff of Bermúdez, Justiniano Pérez, [[Ricardo Lau]] and Juan Francisco Rivera, and that the merger "was completed in early 1982."[^7] The CIA's role was authorized under National Security Decision Directive #17, signed by [[Ronald Reagan|President Reagan]] in late 1981, which allocated $19.95 million for covert operations against the [[Sandinistas]]. The funds were channeled through the Argentine military to preserve CIA "deniability." -The CIA selected Aristides Sánchez - a close friend of Norwin Meneses and brother of Fernando Sánchez ([[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]]'s last ambassador to Guatemala), Troilo Sánchez (Norwin's business partner), and Enrique Sánchez (partner in a Miami restaurant with Donald Barrios) - to assist Bermúdez. Oliver North later called Aristides Sánchez "Calero's hatchet man."[^3] Norwin Meneses stated: "I dealt directly with Bermúdez, and occasionally his assistant on minor things. I also worked with Aristides Sanchez. He was a very good friend of mine." +The CIA selected Aristides Sánchez - a close friend of Norwin Meneses and brother of Fernando Sánchez ([[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]]'s last ambassador to Guatemala), Troilo Sánchez (Norwin's business partner), and Enrique Sánchez (partner in a Miami restaurant with [[Donald Barrios]]) - to assist Bermúdez. Oliver North later called Aristides Sánchez "Calero's hatchet man."[^3] Norwin Meneses stated: "I dealt directly with Bermúdez, and occasionally his assistant on minor things. I also worked with Aristides Sanchez. He was a very good friend of mine." ### Weapons Supply Network -[[Ronald Lister]] and [[Pyramid International Security Consultants]] established weapons manufacturing operations in [[El Salvador]] that supplied arms to the Contras. Lister partnered with FDN supporters Danilo Blandón and Norwin Meneses in selling weapons abroad. The FDN could not collect sufficient funds to finalize an arms deal with Lister, but Lister and his associates set up a weapons plant in downtown [[San Salvador]] that manufactured guns airlifted to Contra camps in Honduras.[^5] +[[Ronald Lister]] and [[Pyramid International Security Consultants]] established weapons manufacturing operations in [[El Salvador]] that supplied arms to the Contras. Lister partnered with FDN supporters Danilo Blandón and Norwin Meneses in selling weapons abroad. The FDN could not collect sufficient funds to finalize an arms deal with Lister, but Lister and his associates set up a weapons plant in downtown [[San Salvador]] that manufactured guns airlifted to Contra camps in Honduras.[^5] The [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]]'s inspector general concluded that Lister "would have liked to sell military and security weaponry and equipment to the Contras and to factions in El Salvador but we found no evidence showing that he did."[^8] -Air cargo company [[Hondu Carib Cargo]], operated by Mario Calero - brother of FDN political leader Adolfo Calero - flew FDN supply missions. The owner of Hondu Carib was pilot [[Frank Moss]], identified in a 1989 Senate report as having been investigated for narcotics offenses by ten different law enforcement agencies. A DC-4 Moss used was seized by the DEA in 1987 with marijuana residue and notes containing the names of two CIA officers and the phone number of [[Robert Owen]], Oliver North's courier.[^5] +Air cargo company [[Hondu Carib Cargo]], operated by [[Mario Calero]] - brother of FDN political leader Adolfo Calero - flew FDN supply missions. The owner of Hondu Carib was pilot [[Frank Moss]], identified in a 1989 Senate report as having been investigated for narcotics offenses by ten different law enforcement agencies. A DC-4 Moss used was seized by the DEA in 1987 with marijuana residue and notes containing the names of two CIA officers and the phone number of [[Robert Owen]], Oliver North's courier.[^5] ### Later Reorganization @@ -60,3 +81,5 @@ During the winter of 1984–85, the FDN reached its lowest ebb on the battlefiel [^4]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 5: "God, Fatherland and Freedom" [^5]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 6: "They were doing their patriotic duty" [^6]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 10: "Teach a man a craft and he's liable to practice it" +[^7]: Central Intelligence Agency, Office of Inspector General. *Allegations of Connections Between CIA and the Contras in Cocaine Trafficking to the United States,* Volume II: *The Contra Story,* October 8, 1998, sections on organizations and on Adolfo Calero, Enrique Bermudez and Mario Calero. https://irp.fas.org/cia/product/cocaine2/ +[^8]: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of the Inspector General. *The CIA-Contra-Crack Cocaine Controversy: A Review of the Justice Department's Investigations and Prosecutions.* December 1997, chapter V. https://oig.justice.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/special/9712/ diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/UDN-FARN.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/UDN-FARN.md index 39a8efc2..266361d5 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/UDN-FARN.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/UDN-FARN.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ aliases: - UDN-FARN - Union Democrática Nicaragüense created: 2026-05-17 -updated: 2026-05-17 +updated: 2026-09-22 category: "Paramilitary" tags: - Organization @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ The group made the first donation of military supplies to the Contra cause in fa The CIA pressured UDN-FARN to merge with [[Enrique Bermudez|Bermúdez]]'s [[Legion of September 15]]. The Chamorro brothers resisted, regarding many of the ex-[[Nicaraguan National Guard|National Guard]] men as war criminals who could never win popular support. "The Legion was entirely composed of ex-National Guards. Naturally one couldn't make a big splash with that in Nicaragua," said UDN-FARN commander William Baltodano Herrera. -The CIA eventually forced the merger by having their Honduran allies withdraw support from the Chamorros and back Bermúdez instead. In August 1981, an Argentine military officer watched as Bermúdez signed a one-paragraph document merging the two groups into the FDN. The Chamorro brothers boycotted the meeting. +The CIA eventually forced the merger by having their Honduran allies withdraw support from the Chamorros and back Bermúdez instead. In August 1981, an Argentine military officer watched as Bermúdez signed a one-paragraph document merging the two groups into the FDN. The Chamorro brothers boycotted the meeting. The CIA inspector general's chronology, drawn from station cables, records that the Nicaraguan Democratic Union agreed in principle with the ADREN and MISURASATA in May 1981 to combine, that the FDN was established in September 1981, and that the merger of the Union and the ADREN was completed in early 1982.[^5] ### After the FDN @@ -53,3 +53,4 @@ When Fernando Chamorro and Edmundo Chamorro broke from the FDN in September 1982 [^2]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Cast of Characters [^3]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Glossary of Organizations and Locations [^4]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Chapter 5: "God, Fatherland and Freedom" +[^5]: Central Intelligence Agency, Office of Inspector General. *Allegations of Connections Between CIA and the Contras in Cocaine Trafficking to the United States,* Volume II: *The Contra Story,* October 8, 1998, section on organizations. https://irp.fas.org/cia/product/cocaine2/ diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/UNO.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/UNO.md index 20febd13..648edeaf 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/UNO.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/UNO.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ UNO (United Nicaraguan Opposition) was a [[Central Intelligence Agency]]-inspire ### Purpose and Structure -UNO existed mostly as a public relations creation. The [[State Department]] used UNO to deny drug links, assuring Congress that "DEA has examined allegations of linkages between members of the UNO/[[FARN]] and suspected traffickers. It has found no information indicating that members of this group have been involved in narcotics trafficking." This assurance came despite extensive evidence to the contrary, including wiretaps capturing Contra commanders discussing [[cocaine]] shipments and [[DEA]] reports linking UNO members to drug trafficking.[^2] +UNO existed mostly as a public relations creation. The [[State Department]] used UNO to deny drug links, assuring Congress that "DEA has examined allegations of linkages between members of the UNO/[[FARN]] and suspected traffickers. It has found no information indicating that members of this group have been involved in narcotics trafficking." This assurance came despite extensive evidence to the contrary, including wiretaps capturing Contra commanders discussing [[Cocaine]] shipments and [[DEA]] reports linking UNO members to drug trafficking.[^2] ### Facade of Unity diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/American Institutes for Research.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/American Institutes for Research.md index ebdd801c..6defd20c 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/American Institutes for Research.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/American Institutes for Research.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ start: 1946-01-01 location: "Washington, D.C." --- -The American Institutes for Research (AIR) is a nonprofit behavioral and social science research organization founded in 1946, headquartered in the Washington, D.C. area. It conducts applied research in education, health, workforce development, and related fields under government and private contracts. AIR's primary relevance to intelligence history is its 1995 evaluation of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|STAR GATE]] program, the classified remote viewing research effort that had operated under various designations since 1978 under Army and [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] sponsorship, and passed to the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] in 1995.[^1] +The American Institutes for Research (AIR) is a nonprofit behavioral and social science research organization founded in 1946, headquartered in the Washington, D.C. area. It conducts applied research in education, health, workforce development, and related fields under government and private contracts. AIR's primary relevance to intelligence history is its 1995 evaluation of the [[Stargate Project|STAR GATE]] program, the classified remote viewing research effort that had operated under various designations since 1978 under Army and [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] sponsorship, and passed to the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] in 1995.[^1] ### Cold War Classified Military Psychology Work diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Commonwealth Club.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Commonwealth Club.md index 6a288264..f409e2ba 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Commonwealth Club.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Commonwealth Club.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ summary: The Commonwealth Club in San Francisco hosted Gary Webb for a speaking start: 1903 location: "San Francisco, California" --- -The Commonwealth Club in [[San Francisco]] hosted [[Gary Webb]] for a speaking engagement after the [[Dark Alliance]] series was published, amid the media controversy. The club was one of the venues where Webb publicly defended his reporting on the [[Central Intelligence Agency]]-[[Contras|Contra]]-[[cocaine]] connection.[^1] +The Commonwealth Club in [[San Francisco]] hosted [[Gary Webb]] for a speaking engagement after the [[Dark Alliance]] series was published, amid the media controversy. The club was one of the venues where Webb publicly defended his reporting on the [[Central Intelligence Agency]]-[[Contras|Contra]]-[[Cocaine]] connection.[^1] ### Public Discourse diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/DIACSA.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/DIACSA.md index e0115d8f..3bf74bef 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/DIACSA.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/DIACSA.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tags: summary: DIACSA was a Miami aircraft company run by a Cuban Bay of Pigs veteran that served as a cover company for the Costa Rican Contras and a hub for plotting drug flights and laundering cocaine profits. location: "Miami, Florida" --- -DIACSA was a [[Miami]] aircraft company run by Cuban [[Bay of Pigs]] veteran Alfredo Caballero that served as a cover company for the Costa Rican [[Contras]] and a hub for plotting drug flights and laundering [[cocaine]] profits. A 1985 [[Central Intelligence Agency]] cable described DIACSA as the "cover company" used by the Costa Rican Contras to secretly buy aircraft.[^1] +DIACSA was a [[Miami]] aircraft company run by Cuban [[Bay of Pigs]] veteran Alfredo Caballero that served as a cover company for the Costa Rican [[Contras]] and a hub for plotting drug flights and laundering [[Cocaine]] profits. A 1985 [[Central Intelligence Agency]] cable described DIACSA as the "cover company" used by the Costa Rican Contras to secretly buy aircraft.[^1] ### Drug Smuggling Operations @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ DIACSA was a [[Miami]] aircraft company run by Cuban [[Bay of Pigs]] veteran Alf ### CIA Connections -DIACSA's operator, Alfredo Caballero, was a Cuban drug dealer who had been part of the CIA's [[Bay of Pigs|Bay of Pigs operation]]. His background was typical of the Cuban exile operatives the CIA recruited for Contra work, combining anti-Communist credentials with experience in drug trafficking and covert operations. DIACSA's role as a CIA-designated cover company demonstrated how the Agency's covert procurement infrastructure was integrated with the drug trade.[^3] +DIACSA's operator, Alfredo Caballero, was a Cuban drug dealer who had been part of the CIA's Bay of Pigs operation. His background was typical of the Cuban exile operatives the CIA recruited for Contra work, combining anti-Communist credentials with experience in drug trafficking and covert operations. DIACSA's role as a CIA-designated cover company demonstrated how the Agency's covert procurement infrastructure was integrated with the drug trade.[^3] ### Footnotes diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Elm Guest House.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Elm Guest House.md index 9047a5b7..0809848a 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Elm Guest House.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Elm Guest House.md @@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ The Elm Guest House was a suburban brothel operating near central London in the ### Police Raid and Official Cover-up -In June 1982, [[Metropolitan Police]] raided the Elm Guest House following an investigation into illegal brothel operations. The raid revealed that visitors were provided with a price-listed menu of sex to indulge in with boys as young as ten. Twenty-three men were detained on the premises, which contained bedroom suites festooned with whips, chains, and ropes, along with communal areas including a lounge bar, spa and sauna facility, and a screening room for pornography. According to police sources, three of the guests were parliamentary ministers, while a fourth was a member of the Queen's royal staff. [[Metropolitan Police]] had been expected to reopen files on the murder of one boy and the disappearance of another in their investigation into a VIP homosexual vice network in London.[^1] +In June 1982, [[Metropolitan Police]] raided the Elm Guest House following an investigation into illegal brothel operations. The raid revealed that visitors were provided with a price-listed menu of sex to indulge in with boys as young as ten. Twenty-three men were detained on the premises, which contained bedroom suites festooned with whips, chains, and ropes, along with communal areas including a lounge bar, spa and sauna facility, and a screening room for pornography. According to police sources, three of the guests were parliamentary ministers, while a fourth was a member of the Queen's royal staff. Metropolitan Police had been expected to reopen files on the murder of one boy and the disappearance of another in their investigation into a VIP homosexual vice network in London.[^1] -All reporting on the matter was subsequently denied in official statements. While a Scotland Yard official initially described it as just a routine investigation into a brothel, sources close to the investigation claimed the top brass had ordered everything to be played down and that every attempt was being made to ensure the names of VIPs using the place did not leak out. The Sunday Times reported that Scotland Yard denied claims of a security risk, stating that Special Branch was not taking part in inquiries. However, all twenty-three men detained were released without charge, and reporting on the matter soon ceased, possibly upon intervention by Attorney General [[Michael Havers]].[^1] +All reporting on the matter was subsequently denied in official statements. While a Scotland Yard official initially described it as just a routine investigation into a brothel, sources close to the investigation claimed the top brass had ordered everything to be played down and that every attempt was being made to ensure the names of VIPs using the place did not leak out. The [[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]] reported that Scotland Yard denied claims of a security risk, stating that Special Branch was not taking part in inquiries. However, all twenty-three men detained were released without charge, and reporting on the matter soon ceased, possibly upon intervention by Attorney General [[Michael Havers]].[^1] The owners, Haroon and Carole Kasir, were charged for keeping a disorderly house and possession of child pornography. However, the child pornography charge was dropped in 1983 after seven hours of video footage seized from the premises was ruled inadmissible. By agreement with defense lawyers, the prosecution slashed eight hours of videos to just 45 minutes, and the judge made an order forbidding the press to identify the child in the case.[^1] diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/First Intercontinental Development Corporation.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/First Intercontinental Development Corporation.md index ec73f13c..cc4ea637 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/First Intercontinental Development Corporation.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/First Intercontinental Development Corporation.md @@ -6,32 +6,32 @@ tags: - NSC - PROMIS category: "Private Organization" +updated: 2026-09-22 summary: "First Intercontinental Development Corporation was a company whose board of directors included prominent figures with ties to government and intelligence, and it was reportedly a National Security Council cutout." --- -[[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]] was a company whose board of directors included prominent figures with ties to government and intelligence, and it was reportedly a [[National Security Council|NSC]] cutout. Its activities were closely scrutinized in the context of [[Danny Casolaro]]'s "[[The Octopus]]" investigation.[1] +[[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]] was a company whose board of directors included prominent figures with ties to government and intelligence, and it was reportedly a [[National Security Council|NSC]] cutout. It figures in [[Danny Casolaro]]'s "[[The Octopus]]" investigation.[^1] ### Board of Directors -The Board of Directors of [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]] consisted of individuals with significant backgrounds in government, intelligence, and business: +The Board of Directors of FIDCO consisted of individuals with significant backgrounds in government, intelligence, and business: -* [[Robert Maheu]], Sr.: Vice President, Director; former [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] agent and former CEO of Howard Hughes Operations.[1] -* [[Michael A. McManus]]: Director, Vice President, and General Counsel to [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]]; former Assistant to President [[Ronald Reagan]] at the [[White House]].[1] -* [[Robert Booth Nichols]]: Director, Senior Vice President, and Chairman of Investment Committee; CEO of R.B.N. Companies, International, involved in high technology electronics, real estate, construction, and international finance.[1] -* [[George K. Pender]]: Director; former Director of [[Pacific Ocean]] area of Burns & Roe, Inc., an international engineering and construction corporation.[1] -* [[Kenneth A. Roe]]: Director; Chairman and President of Burns & Roe, Inc., involved in major projects like the [[United States|U.S.A.]] Fast Breeder Nuclear Reactor Plant.[1] -* [[Frances T. Fox]]: Vice President and Director; former General Manager of L.A. International Airport and Director of Aviation for Howard Hughes Nevada operations (now Summa Corporation).[1] -* [[Clint W. Murchison, Jr.]]: Director; owner of the Dallas Cowboys NFL football team, with family ties to powerful political and organized crime figures.[1] -* [[William M. Pender]]: Director and Senior Vice President; licensed contractor in California.[1] -* [[Glen R. Shockley]]: Director; consultant to Fortune 500 Companies and international financial consultant.[1] +* [[Robert Maheu]], Sr.: Vice President, Director; former [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] agent and former CEO of Howard Hughes Operations.[^1] +* [[Michael A. McManus]]: Director, Vice President, and General Counsel to FIDCO; former Assistant to President [[Ronald Reagan]] at the [[White House]].[^1] +* [[Robert Booth Nichols]]: Director, Senior Vice President, and Chairman of Investment Committee; CEO of R.B.N. Companies, International, involved in high technology electronics, real estate, construction, and international finance.[^1] +* [[George K. Pender]]: Director; former Director of [[Pacific Ocean]] area of Burns & Roe, Inc., an international engineering and construction corporation.[^1] +* [[Kenneth A. Roe]]: Director; Chairman and President of Burns & Roe, Inc., involved in major projects like the [[United States|U.S.A.]] Fast Breeder Nuclear Reactor Plant.[^1] +* [[Frances T. Fox]]: Vice President and Director; former General Manager of L.A. International Airport and Director of Aviation for Howard Hughes Nevada operations (now Summa Corporation).[^1] +* [[Clint W. Murchison, Jr.]]: Director; owner of the Dallas Cowboys NFL football team, with family ties to powerful political and organized crime figures.[^1] +* [[William M. Pender]]: Director and Senior Vice President; licensed contractor in California.[^1] +* [[Glen R. Shockley]]: Director; consultant to Fortune 500 Companies and international financial consultant.[^1] ### Activities and Allegations -[[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]] was reportedly used as a [[National Security Council|NSC]] cutout in [[Lebanon]] to arrange the release of a prisoner. Letters from the summer of 1983 between [[Michael A. McManus]] and [[George K. Pender]] confirmed [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]]'s role in [[Lebanon]]. A follow-up letter from [[George K. Pender]] to [[Amin Gamayel]], the president of [[Lebanon]], indicated that transactions could be telexed to [[Robert Booth Nichols]]' address. The Arab Bank Limited in Amman, [[Jordan]], responded positively to a potential financial transaction of "US$ three billion or more" for the reconstruction of [[Lebanon]], though it is unlikely such reconstruction ever fully materialized.[^1] +FIDCO was reportedly used as a NSC cutout in [[Lebanon]] to arrange the release of a prisoner. According to Seymour, letters of the summer of 1983 between Michael A. McManus and George K. Pender concerned FIDCO's role in Lebanon. A follow-up letter from George K. Pender to [[Amin Gamayel]], the president of Lebanon, indicated that transactions could be telexed to Robert Booth Nichols' address. The Arab Bank Limited in Amman, [[Jordan]], responded positively to a potential financial transaction of "US$ three billion or more" for the reconstruction of Lebanon.[^1] -[[Michael Riconosciuto]] claimed that [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]] was a [[National Security Council|NSC]] corporate cutout and that he was a technical advisor for the organization. He also stated that [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]] had a companion company called Euramae Trading, which operated throughout the [[Middle East]] and was involved in the drug trade, allegedly as a [[National Security Council|NSC]]-directed operation.[^1] +[[Michael Riconosciuto]] claimed that FIDCO was a NSC corporate cutout and that he was a technical advisor for the organization. He also stated that FIDCO had a companion company called Euramae Trading, which operated throughout the [[Middle East]] and was involved in the drug trade, allegedly as a NSC-directed operation.[^1] -[[Robert Booth Nichols]] used [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]] to verify his credibility in proposed arms projects, including the construction of an R&D facility for weapons systems on the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation]].[[Michael Riconosciuto]] also claimed that [[Robert Booth Nichols]] was involved in illicit activities through [[First Intercontinental Development Corporation|FIDCO]], including attempting to take embargoed technology out of the [[United States]].[^1] +Robert Booth Nichols used FIDCO to verify his credibility in proposed arms projects, including the construction of an R&D facility for weapons systems on the [[Cabazon Indian Reservation]]. Michael Riconosciuto also claimed that Robert Booth Nichols was involved in illicit activities through FIDCO, including attempting to take embargoed technology out of the United States.[^1] ---- ### Footnotes -[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010. +[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010. Sole source. The company is not mentioned in the House Judiciary Committee's report of 1992 or in the Justice Department's reports of 1993 and 1994 on the INSLAW affair. diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Music Corporation of America.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Music Corporation of America.md index 42a26ed4..480e5c75 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Music Corporation of America.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Music Corporation of America.md @@ -9,25 +9,29 @@ category: "Private Organization" summary: "The Music Corporation of America was a major entertainment corporation that became entangled in investigations related to organized crime and the broader network that Danny Casolaro termed 'The Octopus.'" start: 1924 location: "Chicago, Illinois, USA" +created: 2025-08-05 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- The [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] was a major entertainment corporation that became entangled in investigations related to organized crime and the broader network that [[Danny Casolaro]] termed "[[The Octopus]]." ### Organized Crime Allegations -[[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] was the subject of a [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] wiretap investigation supervised by [[United States Attorney|U.S. Attorney]] [[Marvin Rudnick]] and later by [[Richard Stavin]], a member of the Organized Crime Strike Force. These investigations, which also involved [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] agent [[Thomas Gates]], led them to believe that [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] had been penetrated by organized crime. Specifically, the wiretaps recorded communications between [[Robert Booth Nichols]] and [[Eugene Giaquinto]], then president of [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] home entertainment division. Giaquinto was also a board member of Nichols' holding company, [[Meridian International Logistics|MIL]], which was under [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] investigation as a source of funding for narcotics and the allocation of drug trafficking proceeds.[1] +MCA was the subject of a [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] wiretap investigation which, according to [[Cheri Seymour]], was supervised by the federal prosecutor [[Marvin Rudnick]] and later by [[Richard Stavin]] of the Justice Department's [[Los Angeles]] Organized Crime Strike Force. These investigations, which also involved FBI agent [[Thomas Gates]], led them to believe that MCA had been penetrated by organized crime. Specifically, the wiretaps recorded communications between [[Robert Booth Nichols]] and [[Eugene Giaquinto]], then president of MCA home entertainment division. Giaquinto was also a board member of Nichols' holding company, [[Meridian International Logistics|MIL]], which was under FBI investigation as a source of funding for narcotics and the allocation of drug trafficking proceeds.[^1] -The intercepted conversations reportedly revealed connections to [[La Cosa Nostra]], including members of the [[Gambino Crime Family]] and [[Bufalino Crime Family]]. The wiretap application itself stated that the purpose of the interceptions was to determine the "source, type and quantity of narcotics/controlled substances, methods and means of delivery, and the source of funding for purchasing of narcotics/controlled substances." It was also apparent from the intercepted conversations that [[Eugene Giaquinto]] had a special relationship with [[John Gotti]].[1] +The intercepted conversations reportedly revealed connections to [[La Cosa Nostra]], including members of the [[Gambino Crime Family]] and [[Bufalino Crime Family]]. The wiretap application itself stated that the purpose of the interceptions was to determine the "source, type and quantity of narcotics/controlled substances, methods and means of delivery, and the source of funding for purchasing of narcotics/controlled substances." It was also apparent from the intercepted conversations that Eugene Giaquinto had a special relationship with [[John Gotti]].[^1] ### Leveraged Buyout and Investigation Shutdown -At the time of these investigations, [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] was being offered in a leveraged buyout to Japanese interests. An [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] investigation could have jeopardized this sale. Consequently, the wiretaps were sealed by the [[Department of Justice|DOJ]], and no prosecutions were pursued. The Los Angeles Organized Crime Strike Force was disbanded, [[Richard Stavin]] resigned, and [[Thomas Gates]] closed the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] investigation. The Japanese ultimately purchased [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] in what was reported as the largest corporate sale in U.S. history at the time.[1] +At the time of these investigations, MCA was being offered in a leveraged buyout to Japanese interests. An FBI investigation could have jeopardized this sale. In her account the wiretaps were then sealed by the [[Department of Justice|DOJ]], and no case against MCA or its executives followed. The Los Angeles Organized Crime Strike Force was disbanded, Richard Stavin resigned, and Thomas Gates closed the FBI investigation. The Japanese ultimately purchased MCA in what was reported as the largest corporate sale in U.S. history at the time.[^1] -[[Marvin Rudnick]], who lost his job for refusing to drop the investigation, later had part of his story told in the 1993 book *Stiffed: A True Story of MCA, The Music Business, and the Mafia* by William Knoedelseder.[1] +Marvin Rudnick, who lost his job for refusing to drop the investigation, later had part of his story told in the 1993 book *Stiffed: A True Story of MCA, The Music Business, and the Mafia* by William Knoedelseder.[^1] + +The prosecution that did come out of the investigation was of [[Sal Pisello|Salvatore Pisello]], a middleman in MCA's dealings. In June 1984 MCA gave Pisello 30,000 dollars to study a "Latin record label" and in January 1985 another 50,000 dollars; he also received payments from Sugar Hill Records in connection with efforts to have MCA distribute its records and buy its catalog. Indicted in 1986 for evading taxes on this income, he was convicted for 1984 and 1985 and sentenced to four years' imprisonment and three years' probation; the Ninth Circuit affirmed on June 8, 1989.[^2] ### Connection to "The Octopus" -[[Danny Casolaro]]'s investigation into "[[The Octopus]]" included [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]], and he was reportedly told by [[Robert Booth Nichols]] about the leveraged buyout. [[Dan Moldea]], in his 1986 book *Dark Victory: Ronald Reagan, MCA, and the Mob*, had previously labeled [[Music Corporation of America|MCA]] as "[[The Octopus]]," a term that likely inspired Casolaro's own use of the phrase.[1] +Danny Casolaro's investigation into "The Octopus" included MCA, and he was reportedly told by Robert Booth Nichols about the leveraged buyout. [[Dan Moldea]], in his 1986 book *Dark Victory: [[Ronald Reagan]], MCA, and the Mob*, had previously labeled MCA as "The Octopus," a term that likely inspired Casolaro's own use of the phrase.[^1] ---- ### Footnotes -[1] Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010. \ No newline at end of file +[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro’s Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal*. First Edition. TrineDay, 2010. +[^2]: *United States v. Pisello,* 877 F.2d 762 (9th Cir. 1989). https://openjurist.org/877/f2d/762 diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/New York Times.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/New York Times.md index 3b9e82b3..7030dff6 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/New York Times.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/New York Times.md @@ -1,4 +1,6 @@ --- +aliases: + - The New York Times category: "Private Organization" start: 1851 location: "New York City, USA" diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/OSN.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/OSN.md index a6e1622f..53d9ed26 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/OSN.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/OSN.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ The OSN (Oficina Seguridad Nacional) was [[Anastasio Somoza]]'s secret police un ### Legacy -The OSN's intelligence officers, trained at U.S. military schools including [[Fort Gulick]], [[Fort Benning]], and [[Fort Leavenworth]], brought their surveillance and counterinsurgency skills to the Contra war. The culture of political repression and intelligence operations that defined the OSN carried over into the FDN's operations, where former National Guard officers applied the same techniques against the Sandinista government. The [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] family's connections to the Somoza intelligence apparatus, including the OSN, facilitated their later role in [[cocaine]] trafficking and Contra fundraising.[^2] +The OSN's intelligence officers, trained at U.S. military schools including [[Fort Gulick]], [[Fort Benning]], and [[Fort Leavenworth]], brought their surveillance and counterinsurgency skills to the Contra war. The culture of political repression and intelligence operations that defined the OSN carried over into the FDN's operations, where former National Guard officers applied the same techniques against the Sandinista government. The [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] family's connections to the Somoza intelligence apparatus, including the OSN, facilitated their later role in [[Cocaine]] trafficking and Contra fundraising.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Ora Group.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Ora Group.md index 2afe36e8..6895295d 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Ora Group.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Ora Group.md @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ The Ora Group exists in the record almost entirely through [[Ari Ben-Menashe]]. ### London -The Daily Mirror's foreign editor [[Nicholas Davies]] "was called in only if we needed to use our 'London office,'" Ben-Menashe writes; when a request came from the Iranians, Davies "would call dealers or the supplier and introduce himself as a representative of the Ora Group, an Israeli company based in London," as in a 1983 sale of 4,000 TOW missiles. [[Rupert Allason]]'s parliamentary motion of 1991 named the company as [[Ora Limited]], incorporated at 41 Becmead Avenue and 1 Trafalgar Avenue, London; Ben-Menashe's book uses only "the Ora Group." A 1985 deal for the [[Contras]] brokered through [[GeoMiliTech]], the Washington company of General [[John Singlaub]] and Barbara Studley, is itemized in the book at 3,242,000 dollars paid to Ora, against 5 million dollars that he says the company's own books showed received from the American side.[^1] +The [[Daily Mirror]]'s foreign editor [[Nicholas Davies]] "was called in only if we needed to use our 'London office,'" Ben-Menashe writes; when a request came from the Iranians, Davies "would call dealers or the supplier and introduce himself as a representative of the Ora Group, an Israeli company based in London," as in a 1983 sale of 4,000 TOW missiles. [[Rupert Allason]]'s parliamentary motion of 1991 named the company as [[Ora Limited]], incorporated at 41 Becmead Avenue and 1 Trafalgar Avenue, London; Ben-Menashe's book uses only "the Ora Group." A 1985 deal for the [[Contras]] brokered through [[GeoMiliTech]], the Washington company of General [[John Singlaub]] and Barbara Studley, is itemized in the book at 3,242,000 dollars paid to Ora, against 5 million dollars that he says the company's own books showed received from the American side.[^1] ### PROMIS diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Science Applications International Corporation.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Science Applications International Corporation.md index 765e3428..b7da7b2f 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Science Applications International Corporation.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Science Applications International Corporation.md @@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ During this period, SAIC operated through a unique structure of semi-autonomous The company initially focused on nuclear power and weapons effects study programs but expanded into: radiation therapy, development of the cruise missle (1970’s), cleanup of Three Mile Island, and even luggage inspection machines for the FAA. -[[Edwin May]] moved the [[STARGATE PROJECT]] in 1991 following [[Stanford Research Institute]] stepping away. SAIC operated the project until 1994 at which point is was declassified in 1995. \ No newline at end of file +[[Edwin May]] moved the [[Stargate Project]] in 1991 following [[Stanford Research Institute]] stepping away. SAIC operated the project until 1994 at which point is was declassified in 1995. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Scientology.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Scientology.md index 80b46fd5..906acb6b 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Scientology.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Scientology.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ location: "Clearwater, Florida" summary: "Scientology is a controversial religious movement founded by L. Ron Hubbard whose relevance to this vault lies in the fact that several key figures in the early SRI remote viewing program - including Hal Puthoff, Ingo Swann, and Pat Price - were former members." --- -[[Scientology]] is a body of beliefs and practices invented by American author L. Ron Hubbard. In the context of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], several key figures involved in the early remote viewing research at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] were former members of Scientology, including [[Hal Puthoff]], [[Ingo Swann]], and [[Pat Price]]. This connection has led to speculation about the possible influence of Scientology's practices and theories on the development of early remote viewing protocols.[^1] +[[Scientology]] is a body of beliefs and practices invented by American author L. Ron Hubbard. In the context of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], several key figures involved in the early remote viewing research at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] were former members of Scientology, including [[Hal Puthoff]], [[Ingo Swann]], and [[Pat Price]]. This connection has led to speculation about the possible influence of Scientology's practices and theories on the development of early remote viewing protocols.[^1] --- diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Spartacus Club.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Spartacus Club.md index db742e95..4443c215 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Spartacus Club.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Spartacus Club.md @@ -16,25 +16,25 @@ The Spartacus Club was an underground paedophile network operated by [[John Stam ### Leadership and Structure -[[John Stamford]], a former Roman Catholic priest from Lancashire, fled Britain in 1972 after being convicted for sending obscene literature through the post. Stamford operated the club from Amsterdam while masquerading as a libertarian gay championing the [[Pedophile Information Exchange]]. He died of a heart attack in a Belgian prison in 1995 at age 56, just before standing trial on child sex charges[^1]. +John Stamford, a former Roman Catholic priest from Lancashire, fled Britain in 1972 after being convicted for sending obscene literature through the post. Stamford operated the club from Amsterdam while masquerading as a libertarian gay championing the [[Pedophile Information Exchange]]. He died of a heart attack in a Belgian prison in 1995 at age 56, just before standing trial on child sex charges[^1]. [[Peter Glencross]] served as commercial manager of Spartacus International and was responsible for creating a network of venues for Spartacus members. Glencross, a South African based in Holland, disappeared without trace after 1989. He was instrumental in setting up the [[Elm Guest House]] as a Spartacus Club location. The club had 25,000 British members and operated with sophisticated record-keeping, storing vital information on each member including sexual preferences, desired age of children, preferred country of origin, and personalized lists of children for selection[^1]. ### Elm Guest House Operations -The Spartacus Club had a significant operation at the [[Elm Guest House]] in London. The venue displayed a sign reading "Spartacus, Club - Welcome" and offered "10% Discount to Spartacus Club Members" in coded advertisements. The [[Elm Guest House]] was used by MPs and other VIPs for abuse of boys. Police raided the location in June 1982. Correspondence from Spartacus International dating from 1981 was found during the investigation, confirming the connection between the international organization and the London-based venue[^1]. +The Spartacus Club had a significant operation at the Elm Guest House in London. The venue displayed a sign reading "Spartacus, Club - Welcome" and offered "10% Discount to Spartacus Club Members" in coded advertisements. The Elm Guest House was used by MPs and other VIPs for abuse of boys. Police raided the location in June 1982. Correspondence from Spartacus International dating from 1981 was found during the investigation, confirming the connection between the international organization and the London-based venue[^1]. -The [[Elm Guest House]] became a key location where VIPs could access children through the Spartacus network. The club's presence at this location demonstrated how international paedophile organizations established local chapters in major cities to serve their membership base. The 1982 raid led to the release of all twenty-three detained individuals without charge, possibly upon intervention by Attorney General [[Michael Havers]][^1]. +The Elm Guest House became a key location where VIPs could access children through the Spartacus network. The club's presence at this location demonstrated how international paedophile organizations established local chapters in major cities to serve their membership base. The 1982 raid led to the release of all twenty-three detained individuals without charge, possibly upon intervention by Attorney General [[Michael Havers]][^1]. ### Criminal Network The Spartacus Club maintained connections to numerous convicted paedophiles and trafficking operations: -[[Russell Tricker]] operated "Toff's Travel" coach service to smuggle boys into Amsterdam. Tricker was a close associate of [[Peter Glencross]] and admitted having links with [[Warwick Spinks]], saying they "go back a long way." [[Warwick Spinks]] trafficked boys as young as 10 from London streets and later from Eastern Europe, operating boy brothels in Amsterdam's Spuistraat district[^1]. +[[Russell Tricker]] operated "Toff's Travel" coach service to smuggle boys into Amsterdam. Tricker was a close associate of Peter Glencross and admitted having links with [[Warwick Spinks]], saying they "go back a long way." Warwick Spinks trafficked boys as young as 10 from London streets and later from Eastern Europe, operating boy brothels in Amsterdam's Spuistraat district[^1]. The club also had connections to [[Jean-Paul Dumont]] through the X-Dossier investigation in Belgium. This European network extended the Spartacus Club's influence beyond the UK and Netherlands, creating a web of interconnected trafficking operations across Western Europe. These connections facilitated the movement of children and information between different criminal organizations[^1]. -The Spartacus Club was exposed by The Sunday Times in 1986 when undercover reporters were offered two boys in Manila, aged 8 and 14. The club's activities were later investigated as part of [[Operation Fernbridge]] in the UK, which looked into allegations that prominent politicians abused boys at the [[Elm Guest House]] in the early 1980s.[^1] +The Spartacus Club was exposed by The [[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]] in 1986 when undercover reporters were offered two boys in Manila, aged 8 and 14. The club's activities were later investigated as part of [[Operation Fernbridge]] in the UK, which looked into allegations that prominent politicians abused boys at the Elm Guest House in the early 1980s.[^1] The Spartacus Club was part of a larger international network that included connections to [[NAMBLA]] (North American Man/Boy Love Association) in the United States. Operations also extended to Australia through [[Clarence Henry Osborne]].[^1] diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Spartacus International.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Spartacus International.md index d01f2a24..fa8b9f59 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Spartacus International.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Spartacus International.md @@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ The organization also had direct connections to the [[Elm Guest House]] in Londo ### Publishing Operations and Criminal Activities -Between 1979 and 1985, Stamford published PAN ([[PAN Magazine]]): A self described "magazine about boy-love." The first edition was published in 1979 through a publishing house owned by Stamford. [[Francis Shelden]], who fled Michigan in 1976, started this newsletter under the penname "[[Frank Torey]]" in Amsterdam. The publication was used to platform Spartacus International's European operations. The Sunday Times exposed Spartacus in 1986, with undercover reporters being offered two boys in Manila, aged 8 and 14. Stamford was quoted as saying: "If you are discreet, I can guarantee you will get as many boys as you want in the Philippines. Our chaps there will fix it up, and all it will cost you is a meal for the guides, and just the equivalent of a pound or so for the kid per night."[^1] +Between 1979 and 1985, Stamford published PAN ([[PAN Magazine]]): A self described "magazine about boy-love." The first edition was published in 1979 through a publishing house owned by Stamford. [[Francis Shelden]], who fled Michigan in 1976, started this newsletter under the penname "[[Frank Torey]]" in Amsterdam. The publication was used to platform Spartacus International's European operations. The [[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]] exposed Spartacus in 1986, with undercover reporters being offered two boys in Manila, aged 8 and 14. Stamford was quoted as saying: "If you are discreet, I can guarantee you will get as many boys as you want in the Philippines. Our chaps there will fix it up, and all it will cost you is a meal for the guides, and just the equivalent of a pound or so for the kid per night."[^1] -Key associates in the Spartacus network included [[Peter Glencross]], a South African based in Holland who served as commercial manager and was responsible for creating a network of venues for Spartacus members across Europe. Glencross disappeared without trace after 1989. Another associate was [[Russell Tricker]], who operated a coach service called "[[Toff's Travel]]" across the English Channel used to smuggle boys into Amsterdam. Tricker was a known associate of Spartacus International's Peter Glencross. The network also included [[Warwick Spinks]], the notorious British pedophile who was friends with Russell Tricker and operated a similar concierge service for pedophiles in European child sex hotspots.[^1] +Key associates in the Spartacus network included Peter Glencross, a South African based in Holland who served as commercial manager and was responsible for creating a network of venues for Spartacus members across Europe. Glencross disappeared without trace after 1989. Another associate was [[Russell Tricker]], who operated a coach service called "[[Toff's Travel]]" across the English Channel used to smuggle boys into Amsterdam. Tricker was a known associate of Spartacus International's Peter Glencross. The network also included [[Warwick Spinks]], the notorious British pedophile who was friends with Russell Tricker and operated a similar concierge service for pedophiles in European child sex hotspots.[^1] ### Legal Troubles and Downfall diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/St. Francis Yacht Club.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/St. Francis Yacht Club.md index c89b511d..a4724d15 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/St. Francis Yacht Club.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/St. Francis Yacht Club.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tags: summary: The St. Francis Yacht Club in San Francisco was where Norwin Meneses held meetings and conducted business for his Contra-connected cocaine trafficking operation. location: "San Francisco, California" --- -The St. Francis Yacht Club in [[San Francisco]] was where [[Norwin Meneses]] held meetings and conducted business for his Contra-connected [[cocaine]] trafficking operation. The exclusive waterfront venue reflected Meneses's status as a wealthy and well-connected figure in the Nicaraguan exile community.[^1] +The St. Francis Yacht Club in [[San Francisco]] was where [[Norwin Meneses]] held meetings and conducted business for his Contra-connected [[Cocaine]] trafficking operation. The exclusive waterfront venue reflected Meneses's status as a wealthy and well-connected figure in the Nicaraguan exile community.[^1] ### Meneses's Operations diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Stanford Research Institute.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Stanford Research Institute.md index 512116c4..acc1d7ec 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Stanford Research Institute.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Stanford Research Institute.md @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ During the [[Vietnam War]], student activists at Stanford protested the universi ### The Remote-Viewing Program -From 1972 to about 1995 SRI hosted a classified, government-funded parapsychology research program investigating "[[remote viewing]]," the claimed ability to perceive distant or hidden targets by extrasensory means, conducted for clients including the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] and the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]]. The physicists Russell Targ and Harold Puthoff ran the SRI experiments, working with subjects such as the artist [[Ingo Swann]], the former police officer [[Pat Price]], and the celebrity psychic [[Uri Geller]], and the program was one strand of the broader military and intelligence effort later consolidated under the name [[STARGATE PROJECT]].[^7][^8] +From 1972 to about 1995 SRI hosted a classified, government-funded parapsychology research program investigating "[[remote viewing]]," the claimed ability to perceive distant or hidden targets by extrasensory means, conducted for clients including the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] and the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]]. The physicists Russell Targ and Harold Puthoff ran the SRI experiments, working with subjects such as the artist [[Ingo Swann]], the former police officer [[Pat Price]], and the celebrity psychic [[Uri Geller]], and the program was one strand of the broader military and intelligence effort later consolidated under the name [[Stargate Project]].[^7][^8] SRI developed several of the core techniques of the field, including [[Coordinate Remote Viewing]] (CRV) and the use of outbounder teams sent to randomly chosen locations for a viewer to describe. The institute's prestige and its heavy reliance on classified government contracts made it a fitting home for the sensitive work, and Puthoff and Targ published some of their results in reputable scientific journals, lending the field a measure of credibility that helped persuade parts of the intelligence community that remote viewing might serve as an intelligence-gathering tool.[^8] diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/The Sunday Mirror.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/The Sunday Mirror.md index c6b50cb1..74652f72 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/The Sunday Mirror.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/The Sunday Mirror.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ summary: "The Sunday Mirror is a British tabloid newspaper that was part of Robe start: 1915 location: "London, UK" --- -*The [[The Sunday Mirror]]* is a British newspaper. [[Robert Maxwell|Robert Maxwell's]] publishing empire included *The [[The Sunday Mirror]]*.[^1] +*The [[The Sunday Mirror]]* is a British newspaper. [[Robert Maxwell|Robert Maxwell's]] publishing empire included *The The Sunday Mirror*.[^1] -[[Nicholas Davies]], a London *Daily Mirror* foreign editor and [[Israel|Israeli]] agent, put together a disinformation story for *The [[The Sunday Mirror]]* to discredit [[Mordecai Vanunu|Mordecai Vanunu's]] claims about [[Israel|Israel's]] nuclear program. This piece was published with copies of [[Mordecai Vanunu|Vanunu's]] photographs, claiming that *The [[The Sunday Mirror]]* had investigated the pictures and the men trying to sell them and found it to be a "con job."[^1] +[[Nicholas Davies]], a London *[[Daily Mirror]]* foreign editor and [[Israel|Israeli]] agent, put together a disinformation story for *The The Sunday Mirror* to discredit [[Mordecai Vanunu|Mordecai Vanunu's]] claims about Israel's nuclear program. This piece was published with copies of Vanunu's photographs, claiming that *The The Sunday Mirror* had investigated the pictures and the men trying to sell them and found it to be a "con job."[^1] ### Footnotes [^1]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network*. TrineDay, 1992. diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/UCLA.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/UCLA.md index edbfd902..6e9a8d2b 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/UCLA.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/UCLA.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ summary: UCLA was where researcher Dr. Ronald K. Siegel traced the discovery of start: 1919 location: "Los Angeles, California" --- -UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) was where researcher Dr. Ronald K. Siegel traced the discovery of freebasing [[cocaine]] and studied the drug's effects, providing scientific context for the [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] epidemic. Siegel's research at UCLA documented the pharmacological mechanisms that made smokable cocaine so addictive.[^1] +UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) was where researcher Dr. Ronald K. Siegel traced the discovery of freebasing [[Cocaine]] and studied the drug's effects, providing scientific context for the [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] epidemic. Siegel's research at UCLA documented the pharmacological mechanisms that made smokable cocaine so addictive.[^1] ### Cocaine Research diff --git a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Washington Post.md b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Washington Post.md index a4ed76b9..e5196c12 100644 --- a/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Washington Post.md +++ b/20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Washington Post.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ location: "Washington, D.C." ### Attack on Dark Alliance -The Post's story, headlined "The CIA and Crack: Evidence is Lacking of Alleged Plot," falsely claimed the series alleged a CIA conspiracy to target black communities. Despite [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s testimony about selling 200 to 300 kilos of [[cocaine]] for the Contras, the Post quoted unnamed officials minimizing the volume to "$30,000 to $60,000 worth of cocaine in two transactions." The story buried the admission that "the CIA knew about some of these activities and did little or nothing to stop them."[[^1] +The Post's story, headlined "The CIA and Crack: Evidence is Lacking of Alleged Plot," falsely claimed the series alleged a CIA conspiracy to target black communities. Despite [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s testimony about selling 200 to 300 kilos of [[Cocaine]] for the Contras, the Post quoted unnamed officials minimizing the volume to "$30,000 to $60,000 worth of cocaine in two transactions." The story buried the admission that "the CIA knew about some of these activities and did little or nothing to stop them."[[^1] ### Pincus's CIA Background diff --git a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/INTELLIGENCE_OPERATIONS/Project Sahara.md b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/INTELLIGENCE_OPERATIONS/Project Sahara.md index 00ae424a..58a6ffe0 100644 --- a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/INTELLIGENCE_OPERATIONS/Project Sahara.md +++ b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/INTELLIGENCE_OPERATIONS/Project Sahara.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Project Sahara was the code name for LAPD detective Guzzetta's investigation into the Blandón cocaine network, which uncovered the Contra drug connection before being shut down. --- -Project Sahara was the code name used by LAPD detective [[Steve Polak|Steve Polak Guzzetta]] for his investigation into the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]] [[cocaine]] network, which uncovered the Contra drug connection before being shut down. Guzzetta chose the name because he figured the Torres brothers could help "dry up" the cocaine supply in [[South Central Los Angeles|South Central L.A.]].[^1] +Project Sahara was the code name used by LAPD detective [[Steve Polak|Steve Polak Guzzetta]] for his investigation into the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]] [[Cocaine]] network, which uncovered the Contra drug connection before being shut down. Guzzetta chose the name because he figured the Torres brothers could help "dry up" the cocaine supply in [[South Central Los Angeles|South Central L.A.]].[^1] ### The Investigation diff --git a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/KEY PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS.md b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/KEY PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS.md index 3cb8d4db..cef5fdae 100644 --- a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/KEY PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS.md +++ b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/KEY PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Government-funded programs investigating psychic phenomena, remote viewing, and | [[Paraphysics R&D - Warsaw Pact]] | Paraphysics R&D - Warsaw Pact' was a 1977 Defense Intelligence Agency report authored by Dale Graff. The report assessed Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact research into Psi phenomena, including electromagnetic fields, quantum physics, holography, and... | | [[Project Deep Quest]] | Project Deep Quest was a unique psychic functioning experiment conducted in 1977, involving Remote Viewing to locate an underwater shipwreck from a submersible. | | [[SCANATE]] | SCANATE was an early Central Intelligence Agency program that explored Psi phenomena, particularly Remote Viewing. It was initiated in 1970 in response to growing concerns about Soviet Parapsychology research. | -| [[STARGATE PROJECT]] | The STARGATE PROJECT was a secret U.S. Army unit established in 1977 at Fort Meade, Maryland. Its purpose was to investigate Psi phenomena, particularly Remote Viewing, for military and intelligence applications. | +| [[Stargate Project]] | The Stargate Project was a secret U.S. Army unit established in 1977 at Fort Meade, Maryland. Its purpose was to investigate Psi phenomena, particularly Remote Viewing, for military and intelligence applications. | | [[The Nautilus (Telepathy Project)]] | The Nautilus (Telepathy Project) refers to a sensational 1960 article in the French magazine *Science et Vie* titled 'The Secret of the Nautilus.' The article claimed that the U.S. | ## Intelligence Operations diff --git a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Center Lane.md b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Center Lane.md index 5e7dcc1e..f36c6ba7 100644 --- a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Center Lane.md +++ b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Center Lane.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ created: 2026-09-21 updated: 2026-09-21 --- -Center Lane was the name under which [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] kept its remote-viewing unit at [[Fort Meade]] after Congress cut the Army's part of [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]]. On October 1, 1982, "NFIP funding terminated for Army GRILL FLAME collection operations project by Congressional directive"; a year later the project manager identified Senator [[Malcolm Wallop]], chairman of the budget subcommittee of the [[Senate Select Committee on Intelligence]], as "the individual who was responsible for the project being eliminated under the NFIP (GDIP) at the end of FY 82." On September 27, 1982, the commander of INSCOM, Major General [[Albert Stubblebine]], heard the full briefing at building 2561 and, before the project manager could finish the list of options, "selected SSD, 902D as the organization to which the project would go"; "as I tried to continue with other options, MG Stubblebine then indicated I must not have heard him for he had already made his decision." His guidance: "Get out of the briefing mode!" On December 3, 1982, INSCOM told the Army staff "that INSCOM will fund a psychoenergetics program out of hide by using S&IA funds," and "project name changed to CENTER LANE." On January 19, 1983, the under secretary of defense for research, [[Richard DeLauer]], signed a memorandum allowing Program 6 money "to maintain the current INSCOM CENTER LANE capability," and on March 1 a letter of instruction established the project as the Security Systems Planning Division of the Security Support Detachment, 902d Military Intelligence Group.[^1][^2][^3] +Center Lane was the name under which [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] kept its remote-viewing unit at [[Fort Meade]] after Congress cut the Army's part of [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]]. On October 1, 1982, "NFIP funding terminated for Army GRILL FLAME collection operations project by Congressional directive"; a year later the project manager identified Senator [[Malcolm Wallop]], chairman of the budget subcommittee of the [[Senate Select Committee on Intelligence]], as "the individual who was responsible for the project being eliminated under the NFIP (GDIP) at the end of FY 82." On September 27, 1982, the commander of INSCOM, Major General [[Albert Stubblebine]], heard the full briefing at building 2561 and, before the project manager could finish the list of options, "selected SSD, 902D as the organization to which the project would go"; "as I tried to continue with other options, MG Stubblebine then indicated I must not have heard him for he had already made his decision." His guidance: "Get out of the briefing mode!" On December 3, 1982, INSCOM told the Army staff "that INSCOM will fund a psychoenergetics program out of hide by using S&IA funds," and "project name changed to CENTER LANE." On January 19, 1983, the under secretary of defense for research, [[Richard DeLauer]], signed a memorandum allowing Program 6 money "to maintain the current INSCOM CENTER LANE capability," and on March 1 a letter of instruction established the project as the Security Systems Planning Division of the Security Support Detachment, 902d Military Intelligence Group.[^1][^2][^3] ### The Special Access Program diff --git a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR.md b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR.md index d3f5be4b..8137bc3b 100644 --- a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR.md +++ b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ location: "Defense Intelligence Agency" The report, with what was described as "almost comical blandness," outlined the potential horrors that could be inflicted on the U.S. if Soviet psi research advanced, including: knowing the contents of top-secret U.S. documents, troop movements, and military installations; molding the thoughts of key U.S. leaders at a distance; causing instant death of U.S. officials at a distance; and disabling U.S. military equipment, including spacecraft, remotely. It concluded that "Soviet knowledge in this field is superior to that of the West," suggesting a devastating "psi gap" in addition to the perceived missile gap.[^1] -This report, along with other intelligence, contributed to the U.S. intelligence community's increased interest in and funding of its own psi research, including the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]].[^1] +This report, along with other intelligence, contributed to the U.S. intelligence community's increased interest in and funding of its own psi research, including the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]].[^1] ### The Report diff --git a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Paraphysics R&D - Warsaw Pact.md b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Paraphysics R&D - Warsaw Pact.md index d6dd8ab1..30d28ef3 100644 --- a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Paraphysics R&D - Warsaw Pact.md +++ b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Paraphysics R&D - Warsaw Pact.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ location: "Defense Intelligence Agency" The report highlighted Soviet research in biophysics and psychic healing, Kirlian photographs, auras, and map dowsing, with particular attention to [[Psychokinesis]]. It summarized the activities of individuals whose abilities were of concern to the U.S. intelligence and military communities, citing the "[[Geller Effect]]" and the frog experiments of [[Ninel Kulagina]].[^1] -This report, along with the earlier "[[Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR]]" report, contributed to the U.S. intelligence community's increased interest in and funding of its own psi research, including the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]].[^1] +This report, along with the earlier "[[Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR]]" report, contributed to the U.S. intelligence community's increased interest in and funding of its own psi research, including the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]].[^1] --- diff --git a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/SCANATE.md b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/SCANATE.md index 7abe016f..5da24e13 100644 --- a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/SCANATE.md +++ b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/SCANATE.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ end: 1977-01-01 location: "Menlo Park, California" --- -SCANATE (Scan by Coordinate) was the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s code name for its remote viewing research program at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] International in Menlo Park, California, from 1972 until the program transitioned to Army management under the code name Gondola Wish in 1977. The SCANATE program was the direct institutional precursor to the entire series of government remote viewing programs that culminated in the [[STARGATE PROJECT|STAR GATE]] program declassified in 1995. +SCANATE (Scan by Coordinate) was the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s code name for its remote viewing research program at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] International in Menlo Park, California, from 1972 until the program transitioned to Army management under the code name Gondola Wish in 1977. The SCANATE program was the direct institutional precursor to the entire series of government remote viewing programs that culminated in the [[Stargate Project|STAR GATE]] program declassified in 1995. ### Origins and Initiation diff --git a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Stargate Project.md b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Stargate Project.md index 78312738..fcdbe0af 100644 --- a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Stargate Project.md +++ b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Stargate Project.md @@ -1,15 +1,11 @@ --- created: 2024-08-26 updated: 2026-09-22 -title: STARGATE PROJECT +title: "Stargate Project" aliases: - STARGATE PROJECT - - Stargate Project - Project STARGATE - Gondola Wish - - Grill Flame - - Center Lane - - Sun Streak - Star Gate tags: - Program diff --git a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Sun Streak.md b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Sun Streak.md index ff92e307..e1233918 100644 --- a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Sun Streak.md +++ b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/PSI_RESEARCH_PROGRAMS/Sun Streak.md @@ -19,15 +19,15 @@ created: 2026-09-21 updated: 2026-09-22 --- -Sun Streak was the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]]'s name for the remote-viewing unit at [[Fort Meade]] after it took the Army's [[Center Lane]] project. Operational control passed on March 7, 1985, and "this unit was transferred to DIA in 1986 when 12 billets were authorized in the GDIP budget for this activity. A Special Access Program (SAP), SUN STREAK, was established in order to protect identity of the individuals and due to the nature of some of the projects examined." It sat under the Directorate for Scientific and Technical Intelligence, and its viewers appear in its records only by number: 003, 011, 018, 025, 032, 049, 052, 079, 095, 099. Lieutenant Colonel [[Brian Buzby]], the last Army project manager, filed his request for access to the DIA project on May 10, 1985. Its research contract stayed with [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]], on Army surgeon general's money, until 1990.[^1][^2] +Sun Streak was the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]]'s name for the remote-viewing unit at [[Fort Meade]] after it took the Army's [[Center Lane]] project. Operational control passed on March 7, 1985, and "this unit was transferred to DIA in 1986 when 12 billets were authorized in the GDIP budget for this activity. A Special Access Program (SAP), SUN STREAK, was established in order to protect identity of the individuals and due to the nature of some of the projects examined." It sat under the Directorate for Scientific and [[Technical Intelligence]], and its viewers appear in its records only by number: 003, 011, 018, 025, 032, 049, 052, 079, 095, 099. Lieutenant Colonel [[Brian Buzby]], the last Army project manager, filed his request for access to the DIA project on May 10, 1985. Its research contract stayed with [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]], on Army surgeon general's money, until 1990.[^1][^2] ### The Unit -The annual report for 1989 described "the SUN STREAK Prototype Operational Group" as "dedicated to the exploitation of the Remote Viewing (RV) process to determine its potential and effectiveness as a Human Intelligence (HUMINT) collection tool," a group "comprised mainly of professional intelligence officers," whose "results to date reveal the presence of satisfying results, disappointing shortfalls, and quantifiable limitations directly related to the nature of the tasks at hand." Viewers were "cross-trained in both CRV and ERV," [[Coordinate Remote Viewing|coordinate]] and [[Extended Remote Viewing|extended]] remote viewing, with written remote viewing "optional" and its protocol still being drafted; "individual and beacon training searches were conducted during the reporting period with an apparent success rate of about 30%. Efforts to provide predictive data resulted in an apparent success rate ranging from 8 to 12 percent." Members attended a three-day seminar by Discovery Engineering International "to recognize theta states of consciousness through tonal recognition." One experienced viewer was to retire from the Army in June 1990 and another to rotate out in August.[^3] +The annual report for 1989 described "the SUN STREAK Prototype Operational Group" as "dedicated to the exploitation of the [[Remote Viewing]] (RV) process to determine its potential and effectiveness as a [[Human Intelligence (HUMINT)]] collection tool," a group "comprised mainly of professional intelligence officers," whose "results to date reveal the presence of satisfying results, disappointing shortfalls, and quantifiable limitations directly related to the nature of the tasks at hand." Viewers were "cross-trained in both CRV and ERV," [[Coordinate Remote Viewing|coordinate]] and [[Extended Remote Viewing|extended]] remote viewing, with written remote viewing "optional" and its protocol still being drafted; "individual and beacon training searches were conducted during the reporting period with an apparent success rate of about 30%. Efforts to provide predictive data resulted in an apparent success rate ranging from 8 to 12 percent." Members attended a three-day seminar by Discovery Engineering International "to recognize theta states of consciousness through tonal recognition." One experienced viewer was to retire from the Army in June 1990 and another to rotate out in August.[^3] ### Operations -A report of November 1987 on Project 8713, eighteen sessions by four viewers in October against a coordinate target, concluded that "the activity of intelligence interest appears to focus on a foreign-flagged submarine operating from a secretive northern cold weather base and is responsible for tracking the activity of ships and objects launched in space"; Viewer 011 had "perceived this apparatus as originating from a very northern base (like the USSR), traveling through the Bering Straits, south into the [[Pacific Ocean]]." In Project 8804, fifteen sessions from August to October 1988 on a building, Viewer 079 placed the target "west southwest of Moscow in the vicinity of Bugulma and Blagoveschensk" and associated it with "the concept of the Blackjack's suitability as a low-level, strategic intelligence gathering platform"; other viewers reported "a turbine or compressor," "jet turbine engines and aircraft thrust," and "massive amounts of contained energy." Project 8808 of 1988 and 1989 was the search for Lieutenant Colonel [[William Richard Higgins]] in [[Lebanon]], described below. Project 8915, eight sessions in May and June 1989 on a site in overhead photography, produced "a compound of structures surrounded by leveled-off, flat, brown land in a foreign country" where "mobile military weapon structures are worked on" and "10-20 'vehicles' at a time are brought in by rail." In Project 8926, seventeen sessions in August and September 1989, one viewer described "cylindrical objects with rounded ends" with "the odor of an obnoxious chemical," one "a 'hydro-bomb,'" and Viewer 032 "a swirling, metallic energy mass rotating in a counter clockwise rotation," later "an information gathering UFO," which the operations officer noted "is considered as being probably incorrect; it was the cause of a viewing distraction which 032 was unable to overcome"; Viewer 018's "drug-related" reading "seems to be the result of interference caused from recent efforts directed against drug-related targets."[^4] +A report of November 1987 on Project 8713, eighteen sessions by four viewers in October against a coordinate target, concluded that "the activity of intelligence interest appears to focus on a foreign-flagged submarine operating from a secretive northern cold weather base and is responsible for tracking the activity of ships and objects launched in space"; Viewer 011 had "perceived this apparatus as originating from a very northern base (like the [[Soviet Union|USSR]]), traveling through the Bering Straits, south into the [[Pacific Ocean]]." In Project 8804, fifteen sessions from August to October 1988 on a building, Viewer 079 placed the target "west southwest of Moscow in the vicinity of Bugulma and Blagoveschensk" and associated it with "the concept of the Blackjack's suitability as a low-level, strategic intelligence gathering platform"; other viewers reported "a turbine or compressor," "jet turbine engines and aircraft thrust," and "massive amounts of contained energy." Project 8808 of 1988 and 1989 was the search for Lieutenant Colonel [[William Richard Higgins]] in [[Lebanon]], described below. Project 8915, eight sessions in May and June 1989 on a site in overhead photography, produced "a compound of structures surrounded by leveled-off, flat, brown land in a foreign country" where "mobile military weapon structures are worked on" and "10-20 'vehicles' at a time are brought in by rail." In Project 8926, seventeen sessions in August and September 1989, one viewer described "cylindrical objects with rounded ends" with "the odor of an obnoxious chemical," one "a 'hydro-bomb,'" and Viewer 032 "a swirling, metallic energy mass rotating in a counter clockwise rotation," later "an information gathering UFO," which the operations officer noted "is considered as being probably incorrect; it was the cause of a viewing distraction which 032 was unable to overcome"; Viewer 018's "drug-related" reading "seems to be the result of interference caused from recent efforts directed against drug-related targets."[^4] ### Project 8718 @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ On November 2 and 3, 1987, four viewers worked a target in [[Iran]] from "only t ### Project 8806 -On January 26, 1988, viewer 079 held a session on [[Terry Waite]] under a project numbered 276. The report recorded that 079 "was in fact utilizing a 'pen to write' in a form of channeling" and that "The source of the data was described and identified as 'George.'" The session placed Waite in a "rectangular concrete or stucco building" near "an airport not in use" and held that he would "be returned to neutral territory in August 1988 with two other hostages." A cover note to a Washington Post article of January 20, 1988, enclosed with the report, recorded that [[Terry Anderson]] "will be the last to be released in August" and that "Terry Waite is to be released in August."[^8] +On January 26, 1988, viewer 079 held a session on [[Terry Waite]] under a project numbered 276. The report recorded that 079 "was in fact utilizing a 'pen to write' in a form of channeling" and that "The source of the data was described and identified as 'George.'" The session placed Waite in a "rectangular concrete or stucco building" near "an airport not in use" and held that he would "be returned to neutral territory in August 1988 with two other hostages." A cover note to a [[Washington Post]] article of January 20, 1988, enclosed with the report, recorded that [[Terry Anderson]] "will be the last to be released in August" and that "Terry Waite is to be released in August."[^8] Project 8806 (target 5056) sought the building in [[Beirut]] where Waite was held. Its tasking sheet recorded that a "Previous search conducted via WRV revealed the viewer's perspective of the location of Terry Waite in Beirut, Lebanon," and asked the viewers to "Access and describe the location and structure where Terry Waite is currently being held captive," to name a recognizable landmark nearby, and to pinpoint the structure on a map of the city. Viewers 011 and 095 worked the target on February 5, 1988, and viewers 003, 011 and 095 each held a coordinate remote viewing session on February 16. Viewer 011, "Using the horse racing track (335245N/353045E) as a reference point," put the target east of the river, near a church, "in the vicinity of 335340N/353230E (in the BURJ HAMMUD district of the city)"; 095 put it "in the vicinity of the AD DAWRAH district," which the analyst found "very near to that determined by 011's data"; 003 put it "in the vicinity of 335230N/353020E," and the report noted that 003 and 011 both described the target person "sitting, with head in hands." A map of February 18 plotted the viewers' coordinates. On June 3, 1988, viewer 011 placed "a key structure (associated with the target person)" in the Burj Abi Haydar district, and on September 1, 1988, viewer 025 worked Waite as a written remote viewing training target: "When asked for the name, 025 tried phonetically and had a successful try but analytically disgarded information thinking it was not pertinent."[^9] @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ On May 21, 1990, for "Requestor Task # JT4-0019-90," three viewers each did one ### Counternarcotics -"In 1989 the Military Intelligence Board (MIB) agreed to examine the utility of the project under field conditions involving counternarcotics projects." A review of 192 projects from 1986 to 1989, briefed to the board that year, found that "potential applications exist for certain project types: counternarcotics, counterterrorism, counterintelligence," "limited potential exists for detailed data," and "low potential exists for predictive tasks." In July 1990, for the Army staff, Viewer 018 gave a day-by-day account of drug transfers between vessels with names heard as "Oro Negra," "Bindar," and "Burgon/Burgundy," and "perceived the intercept and seizure of vessel(s) at the transfer point on 7 July 1990"; the report added that "Viewer 018 recently reported the apparent experimental use of the equivalent of a 'psychic shield' to avoid detection. Viewer 018 was instructed not to discuss this finding with anyone," since 018 was Viewer 052's trainer. On September 6, 1990, in Project 90102, Viewer 095 described a cargo vessel whose name "starts with the sounds 'CA LEH,'" carrying "solid, rock-like cocaine" in "a sealed metal compartment in the absolute stern," at a given position off Central America, to be met by a white motor vessel that would carry the drugs to a port near Guaymas, and Viewer 049, for a base station in Mexico, a walled compound whose head, "an older man with graying hair," "frail but ruthless," ran a family associated with "the words 'GARCIA' or 'de GARCIA'" and "the 'Guadalahara Cartel'" and calling itself "SPIDER WEB"; "time sensitive information was reported on 061500L SEP 90 to DAMI-PO via STU-III." The board reviewed the test in September 1990: "Overall, about one third of all projects were judged to have provided data of good quality. This was based on evaluation of 32 projects. Although 104 projects were conducted, weather/operational constraints prevented follow-up for ground truth on the majority of those projects." "The effort at SRI was discontinued in 1990," and under the defense authorization act for fiscal 1991 the program became [[STARGATE PROJECT|Star Gate]].[^1][^4] +"In 1989 the Military Intelligence Board (MIB) agreed to examine the utility of the project under field conditions involving counternarcotics projects." A review of 192 projects from 1986 to 1989, briefed to the board that year, found that "potential applications exist for certain project types: counternarcotics, counterterrorism, counterintelligence," "limited potential exists for detailed data," and "low potential exists for predictive tasks." In July 1990, for the Army staff, Viewer 018 gave a day-by-day account of drug transfers between vessels with names heard as "Oro Negra," "Bindar," and "Burgon/Burgundy," and "perceived the intercept and seizure of vessel(s) at the transfer point on 7 July 1990"; the report added that "Viewer 018 recently reported the apparent experimental use of the equivalent of a 'psychic shield' to avoid detection. Viewer 018 was instructed not to discuss this finding with anyone," since 018 was Viewer 052's trainer. On September 6, 1990, in Project 90102, Viewer 095 described a cargo vessel whose name "starts with the sounds 'CA LEH,'" carrying "solid, rock-like cocaine" in "a sealed metal compartment in the absolute stern," at a given position off [[Central America]], to be met by a white motor vessel that would carry the drugs to a port near Guaymas, and Viewer 049, for a base station in Mexico, a walled compound whose head, "an older man with graying hair," "frail but ruthless," ran a family associated with "the words 'GARCIA' or 'de GARCIA'" and "the 'Guadalahara Cartel'" and calling itself "SPIDER WEB"; "time sensitive information was reported on 061500L SEP 90 to DAMI-PO via STU-III." The board reviewed the test in September 1990: "Overall, about one third of all projects were judged to have provided data of good quality. This was based on evaluation of 32 projects. Although 104 projects were conducted, weather/operational constraints prevented follow-up for ground truth on the majority of those projects." "The effort at SRI was discontinued in 1990," and under the defense authorization act for fiscal 1991 the program became [[Stargate Project|Star Gate]].[^1][^4] ### Footnotes diff --git a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/SOFTWARE_PROJECTS/Project Eagle.md b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/SOFTWARE_PROJECTS/Project Eagle.md index ce204c7b..ffc6270a 100644 --- a/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/SOFTWARE_PROJECTS/Project Eagle.md +++ b/30 - PROGRAMS & PROJECTS/SOFTWARE_PROJECTS/Project Eagle.md @@ -9,6 +9,12 @@ tags: summary: "Multi-million-dollar Justice Department procurement of the mid-1980s to automate its litigating divisions, which INSLAW alleged was meant to carry PROMIS for companies tied to Earl Brian." start: 1986 location: "Washington, D.C." +relations: + - type: participant_in + with: "[[Floyd Bankson]]" + reverse: true + role: "implementation, Criminal Division" + fn: 1 created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- @@ -17,7 +23,7 @@ Project Eagle was a multi-million-dollar project of the [[Department of Justice] ### INSLAW's Allegations -[[INSLAW]] alleged that its [[PROMIS]] software "was intended by DOJ to be the uniform case management software for the Project EAGLE computers"; that [[Earl Brian]]'s [[Hadron]] "was originally slated to receive the Project EAGLE contract award by DOJ as a sweetheart gift from Brian's long-time friend, then Attorney General [[Edwin Meese|Meese]]"; that Brian and the department dropped Hadron as "the vehicle for the contract in the fall of 1985, following the failure of the covert DOJ effort to force INSLAW's liquidation"; and that by January 1986 they had substituted Tisoft, Inc., which that month "was awarded a $30 million computer systems contract by Meese's Justice Department" and amended its articles of incorporation to permit the sale of stock to outside owners who would gain majority control. Margaret Wiencek, formerly director of administrative services at Brian's [[Financial News Network]], said Patrick R. Gallagher of Tisoft regularly telephoned the chairman's office at FNN's Los Angeles headquarters in at least 1987. INSLAW alleged that the department encouraged the hostile takeover bid by [[Systems and Computer Technology]] in 1986 "to remove INSLAW as an obstacle to the planned award of Project EAGLE to Tisoft and the planned implementation of PROMIS on the Project EAGLE computers."[^2] +[[INSLAW]] alleged that its [[PROMIS]] software "was intended by DOJ to be the uniform case management software for the Project EAGLE computers"; that [[Earl Brian]]'s [[Hadron]] "was originally slated to receive the Project EAGLE contract award by DOJ as a sweetheart gift from Brian's long-time friend, then Attorney General [[Edwin Meese|Meese]]"; that Brian and the department dropped Hadron as "the vehicle for the contract in the fall of 1985, following the failure of the covert DOJ effort to force INSLAW's liquidation"; and that by January 1986 they had substituted Tisoft, Inc., which that month "was awarded a $30 million computer systems contract by Meese's Justice Department" and amended its articles of incorporation to permit the sale of stock to outside owners who would gain majority control. Margaret Wiencek, formerly director of administrative services at Brian's [[Financial News Network]], said Patrick R. Gallagher of Tisoft regularly telephoned the chairman's office at FNN's [[Los Angeles]] headquarters in at least 1987. INSLAW alleged that the department encouraged the hostile takeover bid by [[Systems and Computer Technology]] in 1986 "to remove INSLAW as an obstacle to the planned award of Project EAGLE to Tisoft and the planned implementation of PROMIS on the Project EAGLE computers."[^2] A confidential source of [[Ronald LeGrand]], chief investigator of the [[Senate Judiciary Committee]], quoted in [[Bill Hamilton]]'s 1989 affidavit, believed "that documents relating to Project Eagle were shredded inside DOJ" and that INSLAW should subpoena "DOJ paperwork prepared by a Jensen subordinate relating to the purchase of large quantities of computer hardware for which the senior DOJ career staff could see no justification." Interviewed later, the source denied having "reason to believe that any documents related to Project Eagle were improperly shredded," and [[Miles Matthews]], the former deputy associate attorney general, said he had never heard of Project Eagle procurement documents being shredded.[^1][^2] diff --git a/40 - EVENTS/CONTRA_WAR/Dark Alliance.md b/40 - EVENTS/CONTRA_WAR/Dark Alliance.md index b41e4915..6a563aa5 100644 --- a/40 - EVENTS/CONTRA_WAR/Dark Alliance.md +++ b/40 - EVENTS/CONTRA_WAR/Dark Alliance.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ summary: "Dark Alliance was a three-part investigative series published by the S start: 1996-08-18 location: "San Jose, California" --- -"Dark Alliance" was a three-part investigative series published by the [[San Jose Mercury News]] on August 18, 1996, written by [[Gary Webb]]. The series documented how a Bay Area drug ring sold tons of [[cocaine]] to the Crips and Bloods street gangs of [[Los Angeles]] and funneled millions in drug profits to the [[Contras|Contra]] army run by the [[Central Intelligence Agency]].[^1] +"Dark Alliance" was a three-part investigative series published by the [[San Jose Mercury News]] on August 18, 1996, written by [[Gary Webb]]. The series documented how a Bay Area drug ring sold tons of [[Cocaine]] to the Crips and Bloods street gangs of [[Los Angeles]] and funneled millions in drug profits to the [[Contras|Contra]] army run by the [[Central Intelligence Agency]].[^1] ### The Allegations diff --git a/40 - EVENTS/CRIME_INVESTIGATIONS/X-Dossier.md b/40 - EVENTS/CRIME_INVESTIGATIONS/X-Dossier.md index aed88be3..1a90c2f0 100644 --- a/40 - EVENTS/CRIME_INVESTIGATIONS/X-Dossier.md +++ b/40 - EVENTS/CRIME_INVESTIGATIONS/X-Dossier.md @@ -4,29 +4,32 @@ tags: - Investigation - Belgium - 1990s - - Dutroux_Affair - - X-Witnesses - - Cover-up + - DutrouxAffair + - XWitnesses category: "Crime Investigation" -summary: "Classified dossier compiled under Judge Connerotte containing testimonies from witnesses X1-X8 alleging elite child abuse networks in Belgium linked to Operation Gladio." +summary: "Files opened in 1996 on the testimony of the anonymous X witnesses in the Dutroux inquiry, whose investigators were removed in 1997 and whose related files were closed in April 1998." date: 1996 +end: 1998-04-23 location: "Belgium" +created: 2026-04-28 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -The X-Dossier was a classified investigative dossier compiled by a team led by Prosecutor [[Michel Bourlet]] under Judge [[Jean-Marc Connerotte]] in September 1996, containing testimonies from eight witnesses designated X1 through X8 alleging elite abuse networks in Belgium. The witnesses described systematic sexual violence against children committed by politicians, magistrates, barons, and royalty, many linked to Europe's neo-fascist movement and [[Operation Gladio]]. When the classified X-Dossier was leaked to Flemish journalists in 1997, its contents were published in a 1999 book entitled "The X-Files: What Belgium Was Not Supposed to Know About the Dutroux Affair."[^1] -Connerotte assigned the investigative team after [[Marc Dutroux]]'s arrest in August 1996 exposed connections to [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]] and an organized child trafficking network. A month after the investigation began, Connerotte was removed as overseeing magistrate in October 1996 after eating a plate of spaghetti at a public function held in support of Dutroux's victims. His removal sparked the [[White Marches]], with up to 300,000 Belgians dressed in white protesting what was viewed as a coverup. When these protests subsided the X-Dossier team were accused of fabricating evidence and silently replaced as well.[^1] +The X-Dossier is the name given to the "related files" (dossiers connexes) opened in Belgium in 1996 and 1997 on the statements of anonymous witnesses, designated X1, X2 and so on, who came forward after the arrest of [[Marc Dutroux]] in August 1996. They began with a call to the free telephone line that the Neufchâteau investigating judge [[Jean-Marc Connerotte]] set up for information on child abuse: a Dutch-speaking woman, Tania, said a friend knew of grave abuse of children, and the gendarme Patrick De Baets, who happened to be in Connerotte's office, took the call. The friend was [[Regina Louf]], X1. A special cell of the Brussels BSR under De Baets videotaped her interviews. At the same time a separate file was opened at Neufchâteau on [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]], and a coordination cell, Obelix, was created at the Brussels judicial police under Eddy Suys, who told the parliamentary commission of inquiry in early 1997 that he was being obstructed and resigned.[^1] -### The Witnesses +### The Testimony -The first witness, X1, was identified as [[Regina Louf]], who described being prostituted as a child by her grandmother [[Cecile Beernaert]] at villas in [[Knokke-Heist]] near the [[Royal Zoute Golf Club]]. X1 identified clients including former Prime Ministers [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]] and [[Wilfried Martens]], [[Baron Benoit de Bonvoisin]], Counts [[Count Leopold Lippens|Leopold]] and [[Count Francois Lippens|Francois Lippens]], magistrate [[Melchior Wathelet]], and Brussels attorney [[Jean-Paul Dumont]]. X1 provided accounts of multiple murders she witnessed, including [[Christine Van Hees]] in 1984 and [[Carine Dellaert]] in 1983, with details matching police files unavailable to the public.[^1] +The statements of the X witnesses led to the reopening of the unsolved murders of [[Christine Van Hees]], [[Carine Dellaert]], [[Veronique Dubrulle]], [[Katrien de Cuyper]] and Hanim Ayse Mazibas.[^1] X1 described childhood prostitution at a villa in [[Knokke-Heist]] run by her grandmother, [[Cecile Beernaert]], and parties at which she said children were abused and killed, naming among others [[Paul Vanden Boeynants]], members of the Lippens family, [[Melchior Wathelet]], [[Baron Benoit de Bonvoisin]], the lawyer [[Jean-Paul Dumont]] and Nihoul. X2 was described as the mistress of a magistrate and named Nihoul, Dumont and de Bonvoisin; X3 alleged royal involvement; X4 identified friends of X1 in pornographic films. X1 led investigators to a factory site at Zaventem connected with [[ASCO Industries NV]], where no physical evidence of films was found.[^2] The testimonies were published in 1999 by the journalists Annemie Bulté, Douglas De Coninck and Marie-Jeanne Van Heeswyck as *De X-dossiers: wat België niet mocht weten over de zaak-Dutroux*.[^2] -X2, the mistress of a magistrate identified as Karel, corroborated X1's accounts and described attending sadomasochist child sex parties at the same hotel-villas surrounding the Royal Zoute golf club, identifying Nihoul, Dumont, and de Bonvoisin. X3 thematically aligned with X1 and X2, alleging royal involvement. X4 identified friends of X1 in pornographic films. The testimonies collectively described a network operating from the 1970s through the 1990s.[^1] +### Removal of the Investigators -### Key Discoveries and Cover-up +Connerotte was taken off the Dutroux case in October 1996 by the so-called "spaghetti ruling" and was replaced by Judge Jacques Langlois; the removal was followed by the [[White Marches|White March]] in Brussels.[^1][^3] The gendarme Aimé Bille, assigned to the Van Hees file, found that the original investigation under Judge [[Jean-Claude Van Espen]] had "multiple gaps." From April 1997 Duterme, who now directed the cell, had De Baets's colleagues reread the interviews for possible manipulation, and in the summer of 1997 Langlois ordered a complete rereading of all the related files and removed De Baets and Bille. The parliamentary commission's report of February 16, 1998, said it had first to be established whether the difficulties of the De Baets team and the Van Hees inquiry were linked to protection. A week later the rereading was closed. On April 23, 1998, the prosecutors-general of Antwerp, Ghent and Brussels found that "no proof could be found that Regina Louf could make any contribution whatsoever to these investigations" and closed the related files, except the main file before Langlois. A criminal inquiry into De Baets and Bille was dropped and a gendarmerie disciplinary inquiry acquitted them; they filed more than eighty complaints alleging falsified reports, but were kept from judicial police work. In October 2000 Senator Frans Lozie proposed a parliamentary inquiry into their removal.[^1] -X1 directed investigators to the [[ASCO]] factory owned by [[Roger Boas]] in Zaventem, where she described snuff film production. The factory's layout and smell were verified by investigators, though no physical evidence of films was found. A link to the [[Spartacus Network]] was established through [[Jean-Paul Dumont]], who had represented individuals investigated in the [[CRIES]] case, including members connected to [[John Stamford]].[^1] - -A summary of the X-Dossier was compiled for the 2004 trial of [[Marc Dutroux]]. A copy of this classified summary, dated 2005, was leaked to Wikileaks and released in April 2009. X-witnesses were prevented from testifying at the trials of Dutroux and [[Jean-Michel Nihoul]] after X1's identity was leaked to the press in 1997 and she was publicly discredited as a fantasist suffering from [[False Memory Syndrome]]. A media narrative was built around Dutroux as a lone serial killer, and the organized network described by witnesses was never fully investigated.[^1] +At the Arlon trial in 2004, which ended with Nihoul's acquittal on the charges concerning the children, the investigating judge Langlois presented a case without a "grand complot."[^3] The Van Hees case was closed unsolved in 2014 under the statute of limitations.[^4] ### Footnotes -[^1]: Dovey, S. (2023). *Eye of the Chickenhawk*. United States: Thehotstar. \ No newline at end of file + +[^1]: Sénat de Belgique. Proposition visant à instituer une commission d'enquête parlementaire chargée d'enquêter sur l'éloignement de deux enquêteurs de la cellule d'enquête bruxelloise « Neufchâteau », déposée par M. Frans Lozie, Doc. 2-563/1, October 9, 2000, développements. +[^2]: Dovey, S. *Eye of the Chickenhawk.* Thehotstar, 2023. Sole source for the passages so cited; the witness accounts derive from Bulté, Annemie, Douglas De Coninck and Marie-Jeanne Van Heeswyck, *De X-dossiers: wat België niet mocht weten over de zaak-Dutroux* (Houtekiet, 1999), which was not seen. +[^3]: "Arlon, 22 juin 2004, l'épilogue." *La Libre Belgique,* June 22, 2005. +[^4]: "On ne percera pas le mystère de la champignonnière." *La Libre Belgique,* January 30, 2014 (not examined; reported in search summaries of the article). diff --git a/40 - EVENTS/HISTORICAL_PHENOMENA/Extraordinary Powers Craze.md b/40 - EVENTS/HISTORICAL_PHENOMENA/Extraordinary Powers Craze.md index 60dc4f5d..73a9f844 100644 --- a/40 - EVENTS/HISTORICAL_PHENOMENA/Extraordinary Powers Craze.md +++ b/40 - EVENTS/HISTORICAL_PHENOMENA/Extraordinary Powers Craze.md @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ The Extraordinary Powers Craze was a period of intense state-sponsored and publi The craze was ignited by a 1979 newspaper article in a Sichuan publication reporting that a twelve-year-old boy, Tang Yu, could read written characters by holding folded paper against his ear. The story was picked up by national media, generating both enthusiasm from believers and demands from skeptics for controlled scientific testing. Within months, similar claims about other children emerged from across China. Parents brought children forward for testing, and popular culture became intensely focused on the question of whether these abilities were genuine. -The critical institutional development was the public endorsement of [[Qian Xuesen]] (H.S. Tsien), China's premier scientist and the director of its missile and space programs. Qian argued in articles and public statements that [[Extraordinary Human Body Function]] deserved rigorous scientific investigation rather than dismissal, framing it within socialist materialism as a natural phenomenon that existing science could not yet explain. Qian's authority in Chinese scientific and political life was such that his endorsement transformed EHBF from a popular curiosity into a subject of state-sponsored research.[^1] +The critical institutional development was the public endorsement of [[Qian Xuesen]] (H.S. Tsien), China's premier scientist and the director of its missile and space programs. Qian argued in articles and public statements that Extraordinary Human Body Function deserved rigorous scientific investigation rather than dismissal, framing it within socialist materialism as a natural phenomenon that existing science could not yet explain. Qian's authority in Chinese scientific and political life was such that his endorsement transformed EHBF from a popular curiosity into a subject of state-sponsored research.[^1] ### Research Programs @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ At its peak, the Extraordinary Powers Craze involved dozens of research institut Ear reading and body reading: the claimed ability to perceive written or visual information by means other than the eyes, including through the ears, feet, or armpit. -Remote viewing equivalents: tests in which subjects attempted to describe distant locations or objects inaccessible to normal perception, directly analogous to the American [[STARGATE PROJECT|SRI]] remote viewing protocol. +Remote viewing equivalents: tests in which subjects attempted to describe distant locations or objects inaccessible to normal perception, directly analogous to the American [[Stargate Project|SRI]] remote viewing protocol. Psychokinesis: the claimed ability to move objects, affect sealed containers, or alter physical processes through mental influence alone. @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ The qigong dimension also contributed to the craze's eventual collapse: as qigon ### American Intelligence Assessment -The American intelligence community's discovery of the scale of Chinese EHBF research was documented in [[Hal Puthoff]]'s 1982 classified report, "Psychoenergetics Research in the People's Republic of China," prepared for the Defense Intelligence Agency's [[Psychoenergetics]] program. The report confirmed that China had a state-funded, military-adjacent EHBF program of significant scale, directly comparable in organizational structure to the Soviet [[Psychoenergetics]] programs that had initially motivated American investment in remote viewing research. Defense Intelligence Agency officials, including [[Jack Vorona]], cited the Chinese program as competitive justification for continued American investment.[^3] +The American intelligence community's discovery of the scale of Chinese EHBF research was documented in [[Hal Puthoff]]'s 1982 classified report, "Psychoenergetics Research in the People's Republic of China," prepared for the Defense Intelligence Agency's [[Psychoenergetics]] program. The report confirmed that China had a state-funded, military-adjacent EHBF program of significant scale, directly comparable in organizational structure to the Soviet Psychoenergetics programs that had initially motivated American investment in remote viewing research. Defense Intelligence Agency officials, including [[Jack Vorona]], cited the Chinese program as competitive justification for continued American investment.[^3] ### Collapse diff --git a/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/1995 AIR evaluation of Star Gate.md b/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/1995 AIR evaluation of Star Gate.md index f64a3fae..a7292dff 100644 --- a/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/1995 AIR evaluation of Star Gate.md +++ b/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/1995 AIR evaluation of Star Gate.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ created: 2026-09-21 updated: 2026-09-22 --- -In 1995, following a directive from Congress, the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] took custody of the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]]'s [[STARGATE PROJECT|Star Gate]] program, "which involved the use of paranormal phenomena, primarily 'remote viewing,' for intelligence collection," declassified its own parapsychology work of the 1970s "in order to facilitate a new, external review," and in June contracted the [[American Institutes for Research]] through its Office of Research and Development to evaluate it. The program had three parts: "'Operations,' using remote viewing to collect intelligence against foreign targets; 'Research and Development,' using laboratory studies to find new ways to improve remote viewing for use in the intelligence world; and 'Foreign Assessment,' the analysis of foreign activities to develop or exploit the paranormal." The foreign assessment part was excluded from the review. Operations "continued until the Spring of 1995, when the program was suspended."[^1] +In 1995, following a directive from Congress, the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] took custody of the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]]'s [[Stargate Project|Star Gate]] program, "which involved the use of paranormal phenomena, primarily 'remote viewing,' for intelligence collection," declassified its own parapsychology work of the 1970s "in order to facilitate a new, external review," and in June contracted the [[American Institutes for Research]] through its Office of Research and Development to evaluate it. The program had three parts: "'Operations,' using remote viewing to collect intelligence against foreign targets; 'Research and Development,' using laboratory studies to find new ways to improve remote viewing for use in the intelligence world; and 'Foreign Assessment,' the analysis of foreign activities to develop or exploit the paranormal." The foreign assessment part was excluded from the review. Operations "continued until the Spring of 1995, when the program was suspended."[^1] The review was first offered to the [[National Research Council]]. The CIA's chronology of the transfer ([[1995 transfer of Star Gate to the CIA]]) records that on March 15, 1995, "after informal discussions with NRC, panel member selection begins: Jessica Utts, [[John Palmer]], [[James Alcock]], and Ray Hyman contacted by NRC and agree to act as commissioned reviewers," and that on May 10 "NRC formally rejects CIA study proposal citing prior definitive study. NRC stated unequivocally that 'the case for remote viewing... is virtually nonexistent.'" The CIA met AIR's president the same day; the contract was signed on June 12, and ORD's independent contractor later described AIR as the "replacement organization for the NRC." The Office of Research and Development had told the Executive Director in advance that "we do NOT intend to ask our blue ribbon panel to tell us if there is or is not anything to the concept, rather we intend to ask them to review the STARGATE program to assess its overall value to the USG based on intelligence value, process validity, customer satisfaction, and foreign assessment activity as directed by Congress," and that "it is possible that our panel will recommend that we do NOT proceed with the program." The CIA's briefing slides on the review state that the "DIA program manager asked to identify most favorable users of remote viewing," that "AIR conducted standard interviews of these users on location with CIA present," and that the "commissioned reviews exchanged, rebuttals permitted, AIR arbitrated final conclusions for CIA key recommendations."[^900][^901] diff --git a/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/1995 transfer of Star Gate to the CIA.md b/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/1995 transfer of Star Gate to the CIA.md index a3b6c5a0..7b2177df 100644 --- a/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/1995 transfer of Star Gate to the CIA.md +++ b/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/1995 transfer of Star Gate to the CIA.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- -In the classified annex to the defense appropriations act for fiscal 1995, Senate conferees wrote that "in the post-cold war era, the nature and activities of the STARGATE Program are more relevant to the mission of the Central Intelligence Agency Program (CIAP) than the military Intelligence services. Therefore, the conferees direct the Director of DIA to transfer ten civilian billets and $500,000 that are currently dedicated to the STARGATE program to the CIAP. The transfer of STARGATE resources and management to the CIAP should be completed by July 1, 1995." The [[Director of Central Intelligence|DCI]] was to report by March 1, 1995, on "1) management strategy; 2) transfer status; and 3) identification of a program manager." The [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] took the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Star Gate]] program from the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] on July 1, 1995, and on September 27 the Director of Research and Development proposed that recommendations to terminate remote-viewing operations and research "within the intelligence community" be forwarded to [[United States Congress|Congress]].[^1][^2] +In the classified annex to the defense appropriations act for fiscal 1995, Senate conferees wrote that "in the post-cold war era, the nature and activities of the STARGATE Program are more relevant to the mission of the Central Intelligence Agency Program (CIAP) than the military Intelligence services. Therefore, the conferees direct the Director of DIA to transfer ten civilian billets and $500,000 that are currently dedicated to the STARGATE program to the CIAP. The transfer of STARGATE resources and management to the CIAP should be completed by July 1, 1995." The [[Director of Central Intelligence|DCI]] was to report by March 1, 1995, on "1) management strategy; 2) transfer status; and 3) identification of a program manager." The [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] took the [[Stargate Project|Star Gate]] program from the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] on July 1, 1995, and on September 27 the Director of Research and Development proposed that recommendations to terminate remote-viewing operations and research "within the intelligence community" be forwarded to [[United States Congress|Congress]].[^1][^2] ### The Directed Action diff --git a/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/Grill Flame Scientific Evaluation Committee.md b/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/Grill Flame Scientific Evaluation Committee.md index f8d5e4a4..152059b8 100644 --- a/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/Grill Flame Scientific Evaluation Committee.md +++ b/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/Grill Flame Scientific Evaluation Committee.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ created: 2026-09-21 updated: 2026-09-22 --- -The Grill Flame Scientific Evaluation Committee, chaired by [[Manfred Gale]] of the Army staff and known in the program as the Gale Committee, reported in December 1979 on the Defense Department's parapsychology work: the [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] remote-viewing research, the psychokinesis contract of the Army Missile Command (MICOM) at [[Redstone Arsenal]], the replication trials of the [[Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity]] at [[Aberdeen Proving Ground]], and the [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] unit at [[Fort Meade]] ([[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]]). "In June 1979 it was suggested by Dr. [[Walter LaBerge|LaBerge]], then Under Secretary of the Army, that a Scientific Evaluation Committee be appointed to review the Army's parapsychological activities. In early July 1979, Dr. [[Ruth Davis]] recommended that because of the special interest of the Secretary of Defense, that the Committee review the total DOD posture and report directly to the GRILL FLAME Oversight Committee." Its mission was "to review the parapsychological research, investigations, and applications within DOD and the intelligence community," "to assess the validity of claims made for the alleged existence of the PSI phenomena," and "to recommend a course of action for DOD." Members "were carefully screened to avoid any persons with preconceived notions for or against the subject under investigation"; "since 1972, the combined funding for DOD and the intelligence community was less than a total of $1.5M." The report's security guide stated that "all connection between official U.S. Government interest or participation in the generic field of Parapsychology is classified a minimum of SECRET, caveat NO FOREIGN DISSEMINATION," and that "future security planning for GRILL FLAME includes making it totally a special access program."[^1] +The Grill Flame Scientific Evaluation Committee, chaired by [[Manfred Gale]] of the Army staff and known in the program as the Gale Committee, reported in December 1979 on the Defense Department's parapsychology work: the [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] remote-viewing research, the psychokinesis contract of the Army Missile Command (MICOM) at [[Redstone Arsenal]], the replication trials of the [[Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity]] at [[Aberdeen Proving Ground]], and the [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|INSCOM]] unit at [[Fort Meade]] ([[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]]). "In June 1979 it was suggested by Dr. [[Walter LaBerge|LaBerge]], then Under Secretary of the Army, that a Scientific Evaluation Committee be appointed to review the Army's parapsychological activities. In early July 1979, Dr. [[Ruth Davis]] recommended that because of the special interest of the Secretary of Defense, that the Committee review the total DOD posture and report directly to the GRILL FLAME Oversight Committee." Its mission was "to review the parapsychological research, investigations, and applications within DOD and the intelligence community," "to assess the validity of claims made for the alleged existence of the PSI phenomena," and "to recommend a course of action for DOD." Members "were carefully screened to avoid any persons with preconceived notions for or against the subject under investigation"; "since 1972, the combined funding for DOD and the intelligence community was less than a total of $1.5M." The report's security guide stated that "all connection between official U.S. Government interest or participation in the generic field of Parapsychology is classified a minimum of SECRET, caveat NO FOREIGN DISSEMINATION," and that "future security planning for GRILL FLAME includes making it totally a special access program."[^1] ### Membership and Visits diff --git a/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/Iran-Contra Affair.md b/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/Iran-Contra Affair.md index 7db328c8..969ead3e 100644 --- a/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/Iran-Contra Affair.md +++ b/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/Iran-Contra Affair.md @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Between 1982 and 1986, Congress passed a series of amendments (known as the Bola [[Oliver North]], a Lieutenant Colonel in the [[United States Marine Corps]] serving on the National Security Council staff, ran an illegal Contra resupply operation from the White House. He was alleged to have received drug profits from [[Monzer Al-Kassar]], a Syrian kingpin and arms dealer, which were then used to purchase arms for the Contras. The United States Tower Commission probe into Iran-gate specifically revealed that Al-Kassar had been paid $1.2 million by North's co-conspirator, General [[Richard Secord]], to facilitate the movement of weapons from [[Israel]] to the Contras.[^1][^3] -North's "Enterprise" used [[Ilopango Airbase]] in [[El Salvador]] to funnel weapons to the Contras and reportedly brought [[cocaine]] back on return flights.[^4] +North's "Enterprise" used [[Ilopango Airbase]] in [[El Salvador]] to funnel weapons to the Contras and reportedly brought [[Cocaine]] back on return flights.[^4] ### Arms-for-Hostages Middlemen diff --git a/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/Project Abbreviation.md b/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/Project Abbreviation.md index 115ad262..8a7e3ec5 100644 --- a/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/Project Abbreviation.md +++ b/40 - EVENTS/INTELLIGENCE_SCANDALS/Project Abbreviation.md @@ -15,19 +15,27 @@ summary: "The RCMP's 1999-2000 national security inquiry, run by Sean McDade, in start: 1990-11 end: 2000-09 location: "Ottawa" +relations: + - type: participant_in + with: "[[Sean McDade]]" + reverse: true + start: 1999 + end: 2000 + role: "RCMP investigator" + fn: 2 created: 2026-09-22 updated: 2026-09-22 --- -Project Abbreviation was the code name of a [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] national security investigation, conducted through 1999 and 2000 by the investigator [[Sean McDade]], whose email handle was "simorp," into whether software used by Canadian federal agencies, including the RCMP itself and the [[Canadian Security Intelligence Service|CSIS]], was a version of [[INSLAW]]'s [[PROMIS]] fitted with a "trap door" giving American and Israeli intelligence access to Canadian data. The *Toronto Star* disclosed it on August 25, 2000, in a report by Valerie Lawton and Allan Thompson; Reuters reported the same day that "Canadian police are investigating whether U.S. and Israeli spies used rigged computer software to hack into Canada's top secret intelligence files," and that the Mounties "had interviewed a number of people linked to the Promis affair." The same day the RCMP spokesman Staff Sergeant Mike Gaudet told the Globe and Mail that the inquiry, under way for "several months," had produced "absolutely nothing to date to indicate national security has been compromised in any way," adding that the force had to investigate every allegation of the kind. The CSIS spokesman Dan Lambert said the service had conducted "its own in-depth review in 1991 and found that it had no copies of Promis, bootlegged or otherwise, and never had." On September 16, 2000, the Star reported the end of the inquiry, with Gaudet stating: "We're saying today that we do not have Promis software."[^1][^2] +Project Abbreviation was the code name of a [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police|RCMP]] national security investigation, conducted through 1999 and 2000 by the investigator [[Sean McDade]], whose email handle was "simorp," into whether software used by Canadian federal agencies, including the RCMP itself and the [[Canadian Security Intelligence Service|CSIS]], was a version of [[INSLAW]]'s [[PROMIS]] fitted with a "trap door" giving American and Israeli intelligence access to Canadian data. The *Toronto Star* disclosed it on August 25, 2000, in a report by [[Valerie Lawton]] and [[Allan Thompson]]; Reuters reported the same day that "Canadian police are investigating whether U.S. and Israeli spies used rigged computer software to hack into Canada's top secret intelligence files," and that the Mounties "had interviewed a number of people linked to the Promis affair." The same day the RCMP spokesman Staff Sergeant Mike Gaudet told the Globe and Mail that the inquiry, under way for "several months," had produced "absolutely nothing to date to indicate national security has been compromised in any way," adding that the force had to investigate every allegation of the kind. The CSIS spokesman Dan Lambert said the service had conducted "its own in-depth review in 1991 and found that it had no copies of Promis, bootlegged or otherwise, and never had." On September 16, 2000, the Star reported the end of the inquiry, with Gaudet stating: "We're saying today that we do not have Promis software."[^1][^2] ### The 1991 Origin -The Canadian trail began with a survey. On November 5, 1990, Marc Valois of the federal Department of Communications telephoned [[Patricia Hamilton]], the Hamiltons' daughter and INSLAW's sales manager for Canada, to say that INSLAW's PROMIS was "currently operating in agencies and departments of the Federal Government of Canada" at "more than 900 locations," and in January 1991 the Canadian Workplace Automation Research Centre sent INSLAW vendor questionnaires on the same premise. In Montreal on January 30, 1991, Denis LaChance of the department told her the RCMP was running the software at 900 locations; an RCMP officer at headquarters in [[Ottawa]] told her on February 1 that he knew of no PROMIS in the force and to disregard the letters. INSLAW, which swore it had never sold PROMIS to any Canadian agency, filed her affidavit in the bankruptcy court in February 1991. Chairman [[Jack Brooks]] of the [[House Committee on the Judiciary]] asked the Canadian embassy for access to the officials; the embassy's Jonathan Fried, reluctant "having been burned" before, allowed interviews on March 22 or 23, 1991, only with government counsel present, not under oath, and on condition the men never became public witnesses. Valois and LaChance then said they had identified the software wrongly: the "PROMIS" in Canadian use was a project-management package of the same name sold by the Strategic Software Planning Corporation of Massimo Grimaldi, who swore he had sold a few copies to Public Works Canada and the Canadian International Development Agency in May 1986; the RCMP had not been part of the survey. On December 4, 1991, the Canadian ambassador wrote that "the RCMP and CSIS report they do not use any case management software." The committee called the letter "conclusory" and wrote in 1992 that "without direct access to RCMP, CSIS and other Canadian officials, the committee has been effectively thwarted in its attempt to support or reject the contention that INSLAW software was transferred to the Canadian Government." The Justice Department's 1994 review traced the error to "a college student working on the inventory" and concluded that "the 'PROMIS' program in use by certain Canadian agencies is not a version of INSLAW's PROMIS but rather a totally different program developed by a different company."[^3][^4] +The Canadian trail began with a survey. On November 5, 1990, Marc Valois of the federal Department of Communications telephoned [[Patricia Hamilton]], the Hamiltons' daughter and INSLAW's sales manager for Canada, to say that INSLAW's PROMIS was "currently operating in agencies and departments of the Federal Government of Canada" at "more than 900 locations," and in January 1991 the Canadian Workplace Automation Research Centre sent INSLAW vendor questionnaires on the same premise. In Montreal on January 30, 1991, Denis LaChance of the department told her the RCMP was running the software at 900 locations; an RCMP officer at headquarters in [[Ottawa]] told her on February 1 that he knew of no PROMIS in the force and to disregard the letters. INSLAW, which swore it had never sold PROMIS to any Canadian agency, filed her affidavit in the bankruptcy court in February 1991. Chairman [[Jack Brooks]] of the [[House Committee on the Judiciary]] asked the Canadian embassy for access to the officials; the embassy's Jonathan Fried, reluctant "having been burned" before, allowed interviews on March 22 or 23, 1991, only with government counsel present, not under oath, and on condition the men never became public witnesses. Valois and LaChance then said they had identified the software wrongly: the "PROMIS" in Canadian use was a project-management package of the same name sold by the Strategic Software Planning Corporation of Massimo Grimaldi, who swore he had sold a few copies to Public Works Canada and the Canadian International Development Agency in May 1986; the RCMP had not been part of the survey. On December 4, 1991, the Canadian ambassador wrote that "the RCMP and CSIS report they do not use any case management software." The committee called the letter "conclusory" and wrote in 1992 that "without direct access to RCMP, CSIS and other Canadian officials, the committee has been effectively thwarted in its attempt to support or reject the contention that INSLAW software was transferred to the Canadian Government." The [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]]'s 1994 review traced the error to "a college student working on the inventory" and concluded that "the 'PROMIS' program in use by certain Canadian agencies is not a version of INSLAW's PROMIS but rather a totally different program developed by a different company."[^3][^4] ### The 2000 Investigation -McDade's inquiry, authorized at the top of the force, took him secretly into the United States in February 2000, to [[Cheri Seymour]] and the Hercules, California, detective [[Sue Todd]], to the files behind Seymour's book on [[Danny Casolaro]], and to former investigators of the PROMIS and Cabazon matters, and back to a "war room" in Ottawa; the account of the investigation from his side is on his page. The Star's reports of August 2000 quoted the RCMP spokesman Sergeant Marc Richer ("I cannot either confirm or deny what you're looking into"); Louis Buffardi, Riconosciuto's lawyer, who said RCMP officers had interviewed his client "eight or nine months" earlier and were "probing a possible breach of Canada's national security"; the former Justice Department PROMIS project manager [[C. Madison Brewer]], who called the allegations "fantasy"; and McDade: "I kind of get a chuckle out of how something so small has been blown out of proportion." [[Ari Ben-Menashe]] told the paper that Canadian authorities had questioned him about PROMIS seven years earlier, during the security screening for his citizenship. On August 26 the Star reported, from unnamed sources, that the inquiry also concerned allegations that [[Robert Maxwell]] "may have acted as a middleman in selling the rigged software to Canada," and that a second former Israeli spy, "now living in New York," had been interviewed. [[Bill Hamilton]] said he had spoken with the chief investigator "probably dozens" of times and that his sources put the sale to Canada at 31 million dollars in 1983. After the closure Hamilton said McDade had earlier told him that the RCMP acquired PROMIS "from a company in Massachusetts" and that it "was modified by a Toronto firm," and Seymour told the Star: "(McDade) said that they had a paper trail on the Promis software being purchased by the RCMP. He told me that." The Star described McDade as "an Ottawa-Carleton regional police officer on secondment to the RCMP" who had refused its requests for an interview.[^2] [[Michael Riconosciuto]]'s affidavit of March 21, 1991, had sworn that "some of the modifications that I made were specifically designed to facilitate the implementation of PROMIS within two agencies of the Government of Canada: the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) and the Canadian Security and Intelligence Service (CSIS)," and that "the proprietary version of PROMIS, as modified by me, was, in fact, implemented in both"; the special counsel [[Nicholas J. Bua]] had found him "totally unreliable." A second Canadian witness, the former Nesbitt Thomson broker [[John A. Belton]], told the department's 1994 reviewers that CSIS had bought 10 to 12 million dollars of PROMIS in 1984 and that [[Earl Brian]] had sold it to the Bank of Montreal for 2 million dollars in May 1987, without producing any document; they found him "unbelievable." Fourteen months after the Star's disclosure, on October 16, 2001, Fox News reported that "Canada has actually investigated potential tampering with its Promis programs" as a live example in its story on [[Robert Hanssen]] and Osama bin Laden. The Canadian government's Access to Information index lists a request for RCMP records "mentioning 'PROMIS,' 'INSLAW,' 'PROJECT ABBREVIATION,' or 'PROMIS software' and by RCMP investigator Sean McDade" from 1991 to 2001.[^1][^4][^5] +McDade's inquiry, authorized at the top of the force, took him secretly into the [[United States]] in February 2000, to [[Cheri Seymour]] and the Hercules, California, detective [[Sue Todd]], to the files behind Seymour's book on [[Danny Casolaro]], and to former investigators of the PROMIS and Cabazon matters, and back to a "war room" in Ottawa; the account of the investigation from his side is on his page. The Star's reports of August 2000 quoted the RCMP spokesman Sergeant Marc Richer ("I cannot either confirm or deny what you're looking into"); Louis Buffardi, Riconosciuto's lawyer, who said RCMP officers had interviewed his client "eight or nine months" earlier and were "probing a possible breach of Canada's national security"; the former Justice Department PROMIS project manager [[C. Madison Brewer]], who called the allegations "fantasy"; and McDade: "I kind of get a chuckle out of how something so small has been blown out of proportion." [[Ari Ben-Menashe]] told the paper that Canadian authorities had questioned him about PROMIS seven years earlier, during the security screening for his citizenship. On August 26 the Star reported, from unnamed sources, that the inquiry also concerned allegations that [[Robert Maxwell]] "may have acted as a middleman in selling the rigged software to Canada," and that a second former Israeli spy, "now living in New York," had been interviewed. [[Bill Hamilton]] said he had spoken with the chief investigator "probably dozens" of times and that his sources put the sale to Canada at 31 million dollars in 1983. After the closure Hamilton said McDade had earlier told him that the RCMP acquired PROMIS "from a company in Massachusetts" and that it "was modified by a Toronto firm," and Seymour told the Star: "(McDade) said that they had a paper trail on the Promis software being purchased by the RCMP. He told me that." The Star described McDade as "an Ottawa-Carleton regional police officer on secondment to the RCMP" who had refused its requests for an interview.[^2] [[Michael Riconosciuto]]'s affidavit of March 21, 1991, had sworn that "some of the modifications that I made were specifically designed to facilitate the implementation of PROMIS within two agencies of the Government of Canada: the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) and the Canadian Security and Intelligence Service (CSIS)," and that "the proprietary version of PROMIS, as modified by me, was, in fact, implemented in both"; the special counsel [[Nicholas J. Bua]] had found him "totally unreliable." A second Canadian witness, the former Nesbitt Thomson broker [[John A. Belton]], told the department's 1994 reviewers that CSIS had bought 10 to 12 million dollars of PROMIS in 1984 and that [[Earl Brian]] had sold it to the Bank of Montreal for 2 million dollars in May 1987, without producing any document; they found him "unbelievable." Fourteen months after the Star's disclosure, on October 16, 2001, Fox News reported that "Canada has actually investigated potential tampering with its Promis programs" as a live example in its story on [[Robert Hanssen]] and Osama bin Laden. The Canadian government's Access to Information index lists a request for RCMP records "mentioning 'PROMIS,' 'INSLAW,' 'PROJECT ABBREVIATION,' or 'PROMIS software' and by RCMP investigator Sean McDade" from 1991 to 2001.[^1][^4][^5] ### Footnotes diff --git a/40 - EVENTS/MODERN_INCIDENTS/Cybertruck Trump Hotel Bombing.md b/40 - EVENTS/MODERN_INCIDENTS/Cybertruck Trump Hotel Bombing.md index bd64581b..050968e8 100644 --- a/40 - EVENTS/MODERN_INCIDENTS/Cybertruck Trump Hotel Bombing.md +++ b/40 - EVENTS/MODERN_INCIDENTS/Cybertruck Trump Hotel Bombing.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ On January 1, 2025, active duty [[U.S. Army]] [[Special Operations Group|Special ### Detailed Timeline - The truck was rented in Colorado using [[Turo]] on December 28[^2]. Livelsberger texted a girlfriend that he felt like batman or “halo.” - December 30, Livelsberger drove to Monument, Colorado and purchased two handguns -- December 31, Livelsberger drove through and charged at Trinidad, CO; [[Las Vegas]], NM; Albuquerque, NM; and Gallup, NM. +- December 31, Livelsberger drove through and charged at Trinidad, CO; Las Vegas, NM; Albuquerque, NM; and Gallup, NM. - January 1, the truck is charged in Holbrook, Flagstaff, and Kingman, AZ (the last charge at 5:33 AM). - 7:29 AM The Cybertruck is first spotted in Las Vegas - 7:34 AM The Cybertruck is seen turning on to Fashion Show Drive, the location of the Trump International Hotel. diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ADVANCED_HUMAN_TECHNOLOGY/Extraordinary Human Body Function.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ADVANCED_HUMAN_TECHNOLOGY/Extraordinary Human Body Function.md index 74fe7b10..63b6bdcb 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ADVANCED_HUMAN_TECHNOLOGY/Extraordinary Human Body Function.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ADVANCED_HUMAN_TECHNOLOGY/Extraordinary Human Body Function.md @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Extraordinary Human Body Function (EHBF; Chinese: 人体特异功能, renti teyi In early 1979, a newspaper article published in Sichuan reported that a twelve-year-old boy named [[Tang Yu]] could read characters printed on folded pieces of paper by holding the paper against his ear. The story spread nationally and generated an immediate public controversy - skeptics demanded scientific examination, while believers reported similar abilities in children across the country. The phenomenon became known in China as "reading with the ears" and was among the first demonstrations around which the Extraordinary Powers Craze organized.[^1] -The Chinese Academy of Sciences and other scientific bodies initially treated the claims skeptically. The decisive shift came when [[Qian Xuesen]] publicly endorsed scientific investigation of EHBF, arguing that dismissing the claims without investigation was unscientific and that the phenomena, if real, would have profound implications for materialism's understanding of human biological capability. His endorsement gave the research legitimacy that no other living Chinese scientist could have conferred.[^2] +The Chinese Academy of Sciences and other scientific bodies initially treated the claims skeptically. The decisive shift came when Qian Xuesen publicly endorsed scientific investigation of EHBF, arguing that dismissing the claims without investigation was unscientific and that the phenomena, if real, would have profound implications for materialism's understanding of human biological capability. His endorsement gave the research legitimacy that no other living Chinese scientist could have conferred.[^2] ### Extraordinary Powers Craze @@ -32,13 +32,13 @@ The most extensively tested EHBF subject was [[Zhang Baosheng]], a young man fro ### DIA Assessment and Competitive Significance -The American intelligence community's awareness of the Chinese EHBF programs was substantially shaped by [[Hal Puthoff]]'s 1982 classified report for the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]], formally titled "Psychoenergetics Research in the People's Republic of China." Puthoff, operating as the director of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|SRI]] remote viewing research program and a contractor to the DIA's [[Psychoenergetics]] program, compiled an assessment of the Chinese programs from open-source Chinese publications, intelligence assessments, and scientific exchange contacts. The report documented the scale of Chinese EHBF research, identified [[Qian Xuesen|H.S. Tsien]]'s role as the program's intellectual patron, and described specific experiments - including the Zhang Baosheng teleportation tests - that had attracted military research interest. The report concluded that China had an active, state-funded, military-adjacent program investigating EHBF for potential strategic applications.[^2] +The American intelligence community's awareness of the Chinese EHBF programs was substantially shaped by [[Hal Puthoff]]'s 1982 classified report for the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]], formally titled "Psychoenergetics Research in the People's Republic of China." Puthoff, operating as the director of the [[Stargate Project|SRI]] remote viewing research program and a contractor to the DIA's [[Psychoenergetics]] program, compiled an assessment of the Chinese programs from open-source Chinese publications, intelligence assessments, and scientific exchange contacts. The report documented the scale of Chinese EHBF research, identified H.S. Tsien's role as the program's intellectual patron, and described specific experiments - including the Zhang Baosheng teleportation tests - that had attracted military research interest. The report concluded that China had an active, state-funded, military-adjacent program investigating EHBF for potential strategic applications.[^2] -[[Jack Vorona]], the Assistant Director for Scientific and Technical Intelligence at DIA who ran the Psychoenergetics program, received the Puthoff report and used it in DIA's internal justification for continued American research investment. The competitive framing - that if China was investing in EHBF at scale, the United States needed a comparable program regardless of whether the phenomena were real - was the same logic that had justified the Soviet psychoenergetics assessment. DIA officials cited both the Soviet and Chinese programs when defending Psychoenergetics funding through the successive program designations that eventually became [[STARGATE PROJECT|STAR GATE]].[^2] +[[Jack Vorona]], the Assistant Director for Scientific and Technical Intelligence at DIA who ran the Psychoenergetics program, received the Puthoff report and used it in DIA's internal justification for continued American research investment. The competitive framing - that if China was investing in EHBF at scale, the United States needed a comparable program regardless of whether the phenomena were real - was the same logic that had justified the Soviet psychoenergetics assessment. DIA officials cited both the Soviet and Chinese programs when defending Psychoenergetics funding through the successive program designations that eventually became STAR GATE.[^2] ### Decline -Chinese government support for EHBF research declined in the late 1980s and effectively ended in the early 1990s. The craze produced significant fraud: prominent EHBF practitioners were caught cheating in controlled tests, and several high-profile public demonstrations proved to be staged. The institutional investment in EHBF research had been predicated substantially on Qian Xuesen's personal authority rather than on reproducible experimental results, and as the fraud cases accumulated, the research lost its political protection. The [[Extraordinary Powers Craze]] formally ended when the Chinese government ceased official sanction for public EHBF demonstrations and discouraged the institutional research programs.[^1] +Chinese government support for EHBF research declined in the late 1980s and effectively ended in the early 1990s. The craze produced significant fraud: prominent EHBF practitioners were caught cheating in controlled tests, and several high-profile public demonstrations proved to be staged. The institutional investment in EHBF research had been predicated substantially on Qian Xuesen's personal authority rather than on reproducible experimental results, and as the fraud cases accumulated, the research lost its political protection. The Extraordinary Powers Craze formally ended when the Chinese government ceased official sanction for public EHBF demonstrations and discouraged the institutional research programs.[^1] ### Footnotes diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ADVANCED_HUMAN_TECHNOLOGY/Human Potential.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ADVANCED_HUMAN_TECHNOLOGY/Human Potential.md index 4239dbb3..cbc08b5e 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ADVANCED_HUMAN_TECHNOLOGY/Human Potential.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ADVANCED_HUMAN_TECHNOLOGY/Human Potential.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ summary: "Human Potential refers to the inherent capabilities and untapped resou [[Human Potential]] refers to the inherent capabilities and untapped resources believed to exist within all individuals. This concept gained prominence in American counterculture since the early 1960s, with programs like EST (Erhard Seminars Training) and other practices ranging from Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) to information-coded biofeedback.[^1] -In the context of psychic research, the idea of human potential was explored as a possible explanation for [[Psi|psychic]] abilities. The belief was that [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and [[Psychokinesis]] might be latent in all people and could be brought out through specific training and practices. This concept was particularly influential in the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], where the Army sought to train its own personnel in [[Remote Viewing]], believing that these abilities could be developed rather than being innate.[^1] +In the context of psychic research, the idea of human potential was explored as a possible explanation for [[Psi|psychic]] abilities. The belief was that [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and [[Psychokinesis]] might be latent in all people and could be brought out through specific training and practices. This concept was particularly influential in the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], where the Army sought to train its own personnel in [[Remote Viewing]], believing that these abilities could be developed rather than being innate.[^1] The Chinese government's interest in [[Extraordinary Human Body Function]] (EHBF) also aligns with the concept of human potential, as they viewed these abilities as biological functions that could be cultivated through practices like [[qigong]]. The U.S. military's interest in human potential was stimulated by the perceived threat from the Chinese, leading to efforts to advance human potential as a means of gaining superiority over the enemy.[^1] diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ADVANCED_HUMAN_TECHNOLOGY/Telepathic Interrogation.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ADVANCED_HUMAN_TECHNOLOGY/Telepathic Interrogation.md index b4224f8a..20b1e972 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ADVANCED_HUMAN_TECHNOLOGY/Telepathic Interrogation.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ADVANCED_HUMAN_TECHNOLOGY/Telepathic Interrogation.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ category: "Intelligence Concept" summary: "Telepathic Interrogation is a claimed Psi technique involving the use of Telepathy to extract information from a subject." --- -[[Telepathic Interrogation]] is a claimed [[Psi|psychic]] technique involving the use of [[Telepathy]] to extract information from a subject. In the context of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], this technique was reportedly used by [[Ken Bell]] to gain information from a [[KGB]] agent in South Africa. Bell allegedly whispered telepathically about the agent's son and daughter, which led the agent to reveal details about a hidden pocket calculator used for coding messages.[^1] +[[Telepathic Interrogation]] is a claimed [[Psi|psychic]] technique involving the use of [[Telepathy]] to extract information from a subject. In the context of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], this technique was reportedly used by [[Ken Bell]] to gain information from a [[KGB]] agent in South Africa. Bell allegedly whispered telepathically about the agent's son and daughter, which led the agent to reveal details about a hidden pocket calculator used for coding messages.[^1] This incident, while controversial, was considered a significant success by some within the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] and the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], demonstrating the potential utility of psychic abilities in counterintelligence operations.[^1] diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/Cold War.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/Cold War.md index 5cf31c8b..07a67eb2 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/Cold War.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/Cold War.md @@ -24,15 +24,15 @@ The [[Central Intelligence Agency]] was created by the [[National Security Act o The Cold War produced an unprecedented expansion of covert operations as an instrument of foreign policy. The CIA's covert action programs operated under presidential findings and congressional oversight that was, until the Church Committee reforms of 1975-1976, minimal. Key Cold War CIA covert operations documented in this vault include: the 1953 [[Operation Ajax]] in [[Iran]]; the Bay of Pigs invasion of [[Cuba]] (1961); the Phoenix Program in [[Vietnam]]; [[Operation Condor]] in [[Latin America]]; the Contra resupply program in [[Nicaragua]]; [[Operation Cyclone]] in [[Afghanistan]]; and the MKULTRA mind control research program.[^2] -The [[KGB]]'s corresponding programs included active measures (dezinformatsiya), political influence operations, and the funding and training of allied intelligence services and insurgent movements in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. +The KGB's corresponding programs included active measures (dezinformatsiya), political influence operations, and the funding and training of allied intelligence services and insurgent movements in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. ### Parapsychology Programs -Both superpowers devoted resources to researching claimed [[Extrasensory Perception|extrasensory]] and psychokinetic capabilities during the Cold War, driven by concern that the adversary might exploit any genuine psychic capabilities for intelligence collection. Soviet research into what Moscow termed "psychotronics" or "biological communications" was tracked by Western intelligence. The CIA funded ESP research from the early 1950s and ultimately supported the decade-long [[STARGATE PROJECT]] (various designations, early 1970s to 1995), which employed [[Remote Viewing|remote viewing]] as an intelligence tool at Fort Meade, Maryland.[^1] +Both superpowers devoted resources to researching claimed [[Extrasensory Perception|extrasensory]] and psychokinetic capabilities during the Cold War, driven by concern that the adversary might exploit any genuine psychic capabilities for intelligence collection. Soviet research into what Moscow termed "psychotronics" or "biological communications" was tracked by Western intelligence. The CIA funded ESP research from the early 1950s and ultimately supported the decade-long [[Stargate Project]] (various designations, early 1970s to 1995), which employed [[Remote Viewing|remote viewing]] as an intelligence tool at Fort Meade, Maryland.[^1] ### End of the Cold War -The Cold War ended with the dissolution of the [[Soviet Union]] on December 25, 1991. Contributing factors included the economic exhaustion produced by military competition with the United States, the political reforms initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev's glasnost and perestroika programs, the collapse of communist governments in Eastern Europe in 1989, and the fall of the [[Berlin Wall]] on November 9, 1989. The institutional structures created by the Cold War - including the CIA, the national security state, and the alliance relationships documented in this vault - persisted long after its end and shaped the post-Cold War intelligence landscape.[^2] +The Cold War ended with the dissolution of the Soviet Union on December 25, 1991. Contributing factors included the economic exhaustion produced by military competition with the United States, the political reforms initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev's glasnost and perestroika programs, the collapse of communist governments in Eastern Europe in 1989, and the fall of the [[Berlin Wall]] on November 9, 1989. The institutional structures created by the Cold War - including the CIA, the national security state, and the alliance relationships documented in this vault - persisted long after its end and shaped the post-Cold War intelligence landscape.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/DRUGS_&_TRAFFICKING/Crack Cocaine.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/DRUGS_&_TRAFFICKING/Crack Cocaine.md index c548e931..4370637e 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/DRUGS_&_TRAFFICKING/Crack Cocaine.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/DRUGS_&_TRAFFICKING/Crack Cocaine.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ summary: "Smokable, mass-producible form of cocaine that transformed the drug fr start: 1974-01-01 location: "United States" --- -Crack is a smokable form of [[cocaine]] created by converting cocaine hydrochloride powder back into its freebase form.[^1] The invention of crack transformed cocaine from an expensive luxury drug into a mass-market commodity that devastated [[South Central Los Angeles]] and other American inner cities in the 1980s. +Crack is a smokable form of [[Cocaine]] created by converting cocaine hydrochloride powder back into its freebase form.[^1] The invention of crack transformed cocaine from an expensive luxury drug into a mass-market commodity that devastated [[South Central Los Angeles]] and other American inner cities in the 1980s. ### Origins of Cocaine Smoking diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ESOTERIC_&_HISTORICAL_CONCEPTS/Parapsychology.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ESOTERIC_&_HISTORICAL_CONCEPTS/Parapsychology.md index d94340d3..583ed57c 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ESOTERIC_&_HISTORICAL_CONCEPTS/Parapsychology.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ESOTERIC_&_HISTORICAL_CONCEPTS/Parapsychology.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ summary: "Parapsychology is the scientific study of paranormal or psychic phenom In the modern era, parapsychology, particularly through the work of J. B. Rhine at the [[Duke University Parapsychology Laboratory]], sought to bring scientific rigor to the study of psi. Rhine focused on statistical evidence from experiments like card-guessing and dice-throwing, moving away from the theatrical displays of mediums. This approach led to the establishment of parapsychology as an academic discipline, with its main professional organization, the [[Parapsychological Association]], being admitted to the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] in 1969, partly due to the support of figures like [[Margaret Mead]].[^1] -Despite these efforts, parapsychology has largely remained outside mainstream science, facing an "informal system of scientific apartheid." Critics often point to the lack of tangible, real-world applications and the reliance on statistical evidence as reasons for its marginalization. However, government-sponsored research, such as the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, explored the practical applications of psi, particularly remote viewing, for intelligence gathering, often keeping such findings classified due to their controversial nature.[^1] +Despite these efforts, parapsychology has largely remained outside mainstream science, facing an "informal system of scientific apartheid." Critics often point to the lack of tangible, real-world applications and the reliance on statistical evidence as reasons for its marginalization. However, government-sponsored research, such as the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program, explored the practical applications of psi, particularly remote viewing, for intelligence gathering, often keeping such findings classified due to their controversial nature.[^1] --- diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ESOTERIC_&_HISTORICAL_CONCEPTS/THE PHENOMENON.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ESOTERIC_&_HISTORICAL_CONCEPTS/THE PHENOMENON.md index de247a20..60ff76d3 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ESOTERIC_&_HISTORICAL_CONCEPTS/THE PHENOMENON.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/ESOTERIC_&_HISTORICAL_CONCEPTS/THE PHENOMENON.md @@ -17,6 +17,6 @@ This project is not exhaustive and does not pretend to be, it is a work in progr ### People, Orgs, Events, and Texts to Begin With ##### Orgs -- [[STARGATE PROJECT]] +- [[Stargate Project]] ##### People - [[Luis Elizondo]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/Extrasensory Perception.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/Extrasensory Perception.md index 7800a192..c312e982 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/Extrasensory Perception.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/Extrasensory Perception.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Rhine and his colleague Karl Zener designed controlled card-guessing experiments Sustained government interest in ESP emerged during the Cold War, driven by concern that the Soviet Union might exploit any genuine psychic capabilities for intelligence collection. The [[Central Intelligence Agency]] funded ESP research from the early 1950s, including work by Andrija Puharich under programs related to [[MKULTRA]]. Soviet research into what Moscow termed "psychotronics" or "biological communications" was tracked by Western intelligence analysts and fed further investment in American programs.[^2] -The longest-running classified program was [[STARGATE PROJECT]], a joint DIA-CIA effort that ran under various designations (GONDOLA WISH, GRILL FLAME, CENTER LANE, [[Sun Streak|SUN STREAK]], STAR GATE) from the early 1970s until 1995. The program employed trained remote viewers at Fort Meade, Maryland, and contracted with [[Stanford Research Institute]] and later [[Science Applications International Corporation]] for evaluation. Key personnel included [[Hal Puthoff]], [[Russell Targ]], [[Ingo Swann]], [[Pat Price]], [[Joseph McMoneagle]], and [[Angela Dellafiora]].[^2] +The longest-running classified program was [[Stargate Project]], a joint DIA-CIA effort that ran under various designations (GONDOLA WISH, GRILL FLAME, CENTER LANE, [[Sun Streak|SUN STREAK]], STAR GATE) from the early 1970s until 1995. The program employed trained remote viewers at Fort Meade, Maryland, and contracted with [[Stanford Research Institute]] and later [[Science Applications International Corporation]] for evaluation. Key personnel included [[Hal Puthoff]], [[Russell Targ]], [[Ingo Swann]], [[Pat Price]], [[Joseph McMoneagle]], and [[Angela Dellafiora]].[^2] An independent evaluation of STAR GATE conducted by the [[American Institutes for Research]] and delivered to Congress in 1995 concluded that remote viewing had not been demonstrated to provide actionable intelligence and that the program should be terminated. The program was declassified and shut down that year.[^3] diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Giggle Factor.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Giggle Factor.md index 17b40579..ac23bb48 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Giggle Factor.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Giggle Factor.md @@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ summary: "The 'Giggle Factor' is a term used in intelligence communities to desc The "[[Giggle Factor]]" is a term used in intelligence communities to describe the skepticism and ridicule associated with [[Parapsychology|paranormal]] research and its potential operational use. It represents the fear of embarrassment and professional compromise if it became widely known that an intelligence agency was consulting psychics or relying on psychic data.[^1] -In the context of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], the giggle factor was a significant obstacle to the program's acceptance and funding. [[Norm Everheart]] of the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] used this term to describe the concerns of his superior, [[Ed Rogers]], the chief of [[Staff D]]. Despite impressive demonstrations of [[Remote Viewing|remote viewing]] accuracy by psychics like [[Pat Price]], Rogers ultimately decided against using psychic intelligence for high-stakes operations, fearing the ridicule and operational compromise that would ensue if his office was perceived as "reading tea leaves."[^1] +In the context of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], the giggle factor was a significant obstacle to the program's acceptance and funding. [[Norm Everheart]] of the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] used this term to describe the concerns of his superior, [[Ed Rogers]], the chief of [[Staff D]]. Despite impressive demonstrations of [[Remote Viewing|remote viewing]] accuracy by psychics like [[Pat Price]], Rogers ultimately decided against using psychic intelligence for high-stakes operations, fearing the ridicule and operational compromise that would ensue if his office was perceived as "reading tea leaves."[^1] -The secrecy surrounding the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program was designed not only to protect it from Soviet eyes but also, perhaps more importantly, to protect its supporters from the "sheer mortification and embarrassment they would feel if the program were exposed. Psychics in the Pentagon! The Army's crystal ball gazers!"[^1] +The secrecy surrounding the Grill Flame program was designed not only to protect it from Soviet eyes but also, perhaps more importantly, to protect its supporters from the "sheer mortification and embarrassment they would feel if the program were exposed. Psychics in the Pentagon! The Army's crystal ball gazers!"[^1] --- diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Ground Truth.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Ground Truth.md index 3ca23dab..4b78faf0 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Ground Truth.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Ground Truth.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ summary: "Ground Truth refers to information that is known to be true or accurat [[Ground Truth]] refers to information that is known to be true or accurate through direct observation or measurement. In the context of intelligence and scientific research, it is used to verify or calibrate other forms of data, particularly those obtained through less conventional means.[^1] -In the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], ground truth was crucial for validating the accuracy of [[Remote Viewing]] sessions. For example, after remote viewers provided impressions of a target, their descriptions would be compared against satellite imagery or on-site reconnaissance to determine their accuracy. [[Dale Graff]] considered his profound [[Out-of-Body Experience|out-of-body experience]] at Bellows Beach to be "ground truth," a real situation that defied conventional explanation and spurred his interest in paranormal phenomena.[^1] +In the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], ground truth was crucial for validating the accuracy of [[Remote Viewing]] sessions. For example, after remote viewers provided impressions of a target, their descriptions would be compared against satellite imagery or on-site reconnaissance to determine their accuracy. [[Dale Graff]] considered his profound [[Out-of-Body Experience|out-of-body experience]] at Bellows Beach to be "ground truth," a real situation that defied conventional explanation and spurred his interest in paranormal phenomena.[^1] --- diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Human Use Experimentation.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Human Use Experimentation.md index 5723c742..7a577aab 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Human Use Experimentation.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Human Use Experimentation.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ summary: "Human Use Experimentation refers to the ethical and regulatory framewo [[Human Use Experimentation]] refers to the ethical and regulatory framework governing research involving human subjects, particularly in military and intelligence contexts. The dark history of such experimentation in the military, notably programs like [[Project MKUltra]], which involved controversial studies of LSD and other potential "mind control" drugs on servicemen, led to strict requirements for informed consent and oversight by human use review boards.[^1] -In the context of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], the remote viewing program was categorized as human use experimentation. This meant that participants like [[Mel Riley]] and others had to fill out extensive informed consent paperwork, and the project required approval and oversight from the Army's human use review board. This regulatory scrutiny, while causing delays, was a direct consequence of past abuses and aimed to protect the rights and well-being of the psychic subjects.[^1] +In the context of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], the remote viewing program was categorized as human use experimentation. This meant that participants like [[Mel Riley]] and others had to fill out extensive informed consent paperwork, and the project required approval and oversight from the Army's human use review board. This regulatory scrutiny, while causing delays, was a direct consequence of past abuses and aimed to protect the rights and well-being of the psychic subjects.[^1] Concerns about the potential psychological effects of prolonged remote viewing, such as mental fatigue and emotional fragility, also fell under the purview of human use experimentation oversight, with psychologists like Dr. Dick Hartsell initially involved in evaluating the psychics' mental stability.[^1] diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/PSI-INT.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/PSI-INT.md index 7b4bdf96..81c0bce1 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/PSI-INT.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/PSI-INT.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ summary: "PSI-INT, or psi-derived intelligence, refers to information gathered t --- PSI-INT, or psi-derived intelligence, refers to information gathered through psychic phenomena such as [[remote viewing]], used for intelligence purposes. It is a term coined to categorize psychic intelligence alongside other traditional intelligence disciplines like [[Human Intelligence|HUMINT]], PHOTINT (photographic intelligence), SIGINT (signals intelligence), and ELINT (electronic intelligence).[^1] -Proponents of PSI-INT, particularly within the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, argued that it could provide accurate data and serve as a valuable supplement to conventional intelligence sources, especially when traditional methods were limited or politically sensitive. The concept gained traction within the U.S. intelligence community, particularly during the [[Jimmy Carter]] administration, when there was a preference for "clean" spying methods.[^1] +Proponents of PSI-INT, particularly within the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program, argued that it could provide accurate data and serve as a valuable supplement to conventional intelligence sources, especially when traditional methods were limited or politically sensitive. The concept gained traction within the U.S. intelligence community, particularly during the [[Jimmy Carter]] administration, when there was a preference for "clean" spying methods.[^1] --- diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Psi Gap.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Psi Gap.md index 871993db..05b6c85c 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Psi Gap.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Psi Gap.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ summary: "The 'Psi Gap' was a perceived disparity in Psi research capabilities b The "[[Psi Gap]]" was a perceived disparity in [[Psi|psychic]] research capabilities between the [[United States|U.S.]] and the [[Soviet Union]] during the [[Cold War]]. This concept gained prominence following reports of extensive Soviet and Eastern European [[Parapsychology|psi]] research, particularly after the sensational 1960 article [[The Nautilus (Telepathy Project)|"The Secret of the Nautilus"]], which, despite being a fabrication, spurred significant Soviet investment in the field.[^1] -The 1972 [[Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR]] report by the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] explicitly warned of a "devastating 'psi gap,'" stating that "Soviet knowledge in this field is superior to that of the West." This alarmist assessment, which outlined potential military applications of psi such as telepathic communication and psychokinesis, contributed to the U.S. intelligence community's increased interest in and funding of its own psi research, including the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], in an effort to catch up with perceived Soviet advancements.[^1] +The 1972 [[Controlled Offensive Behavior - USSR]] report by the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] explicitly warned of a "devastating 'psi gap,'" stating that "Soviet knowledge in this field is superior to that of the West." This alarmist assessment, which outlined potential military applications of psi such as telepathic communication and psychokinesis, contributed to the U.S. intelligence community's increased interest in and funding of its own psi research, including the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], in an effort to catch up with perceived Soviet advancements.[^1] --- diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Psychic Spying.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Psychic Spying.md index cacb34c9..087612c9 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Psychic Spying.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/INTELLIGENCE/Psychic Spying.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ category: "Intelligence Concept" summary: "Psychic Spying refers to the use of psi abilities such as remote viewing for intelligence collection, the operational premise of the U.S. Army's STARGATE program and the Soviet Union's parallel parapsychology programs." --- -[[Psychic Spying]] refers to the use of [[Psi|psychic]] abilities, such as [[Remote Viewing]], for intelligence gathering and espionage. This concept was a central focus of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], a U.S. government-sponsored program that investigated the operational utility of psychic phenomena for military and intelligence applications.[^1] +[[Psychic Spying]] refers to the use of [[Psi|psychic]] abilities, such as [[Remote Viewing]], for intelligence gathering and espionage. This concept was a central focus of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], a U.S. government-sponsored program that investigated the operational utility of psychic phenomena for military and intelligence applications.[^1] The idea of psychic spying gained traction during the Cold War, fueled by concerns about a "[[Psi Gap|psi gap]]" with the [[Soviet Union]] and the desire to find unconventional methods for intelligence collection. Psychics were tasked with gathering information on distant or unseen targets, including foreign military installations, nuclear devices, and even the whereabouts of hostages.[^1] diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/KEY CONCEPTS AND TECH.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/KEY CONCEPTS AND TECH.md index c6ef1f1a..bb570342 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/KEY CONCEPTS AND TECH.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/KEY CONCEPTS AND TECH.md @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ Intelligence terminology, surveillance technologies, covert operations concepts, | [[PHOTINT_IMINT]] | PHOTINT (Photographic Intelligence), also known as IMINT (Imagery Intelligence), is a form of intelligence gathering that relies on photographic and other imagery, typically obtained from reconnaissance satellites or spy planes. | | [[Psi Gap]] | The 'Psi Gap' was a perceived disparity in Psi research capabilities between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. | | [[PSI-INT]] | PSI-INT, or psi-derived intelligence, refers to information gathered through psychic phenomena such as remote viewing, used for intelligence purposes. | -| [[Psychic Spying]] | Psychic Spying refers to the use of Psi abilities, such as Remote Viewing, for intelligence gathering and espionage. This concept was a central focus of the STARGATE PROJECT, a U.S. | +| [[Psychic Spying]] | Psychic Spying refers to the use of Psi abilities, such as Remote Viewing, for intelligence gathering and espionage. This concept was a central focus of the Stargate Project, a U.S. | | [[SIGINT_COMINT]] | SIGINT (Signals Intelligence) covers the interception of virtually all electronic signals, while COMINT (Communications Intelligence) generally refers to signals from telephone or radio conversations. | | [[Technical Intelligence]] | Technical Intelligence refers to intelligence gathered through technical means, such as satellite imagery and communications intercepts. This is in contrast to Human Intelligence (HUMINT). | | [[Telepathic Interrogation]] | Telepathic Interrogation is a claimed Psi technique involving the use of Telepathy to extract information from a subject. | @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Historical movements, social phenomena, and esoteric topics documented in the re | [[Qigong]] | Qigong is a traditional Chinese practice of coordinated body posture and movement, breathing, and meditation used for health, spirituality, and martial arts training. | | [[Serial Killer]] | The serial killer profile emerged as a dominant framework in criminal investigations and popular media for understanding cases involving multiple murders. | | [[Sheep-Goat Effect]] | The **sheep-goat effect** is a term coined by parapsychologist Gertrude Schmeidler in 1942 to describe the tendency for individuals who believe in Psi phenomena (sheep) to score better in ESP and Psychokinesis experiments than those who are... | -| [[snuff film]] | A snuff film is a film produced for the express purpose of capturing a live murder on camera, made to please an audience. | +| [[Snuff Film]] | A snuff film is a film produced for the express purpose of capturing a live murder on camera, made to please an audience. | | [[Synchronicity]] | Synchronicity is a concept first introduced by the Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung. It refers to meaningful coincidences that lack a causal relationship but are deeply connected in meaning. | | [[The Finders and The Odyssey Network]] | On February 4, 1987, police in Tallahassee, Florida received a call about six dishevelled children in a park under the supervision of two well-dressed men. | | [[The Nautilus]] | The USS Nautilus (SSN-571) was the world's first operational nuclear-powered submarine, launched by the United States in 1954. It gained notoriety in the context of psychic research due to a fabricated story published in 1960.[^1] | @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ Remote viewing protocols, research approaches, and experimental methods. | [[Analytical Overlay]] | Analytical Overlay refers to the conscious or unconscious imposition of a remote viewer's existing knowledge, beliefs, or biases onto their psychic perceptions, potentially distorting the accuracy of the data. | | [[Associative Remote Viewing]] | Associative Remote Viewing (ARV) is a precognitive Remote Viewing technique where objects or geographic locations are used as surrogates for abstract data, such as numbers or letters, which are generally difficult to remote-view directly. | | [[Coordinate Remote Viewing]] | Coordinate Remote Viewing (CRV) is a specific methodology of Remote Viewing that uses geographical coordinates (latitude and longitude) to direct a psychic's perception to a target. | -| [[Extended Remote Viewing]] | Extended Remote Viewing (ERV) refers to deeper altered-state methods of Remote Viewing, often favored by the STARGATE PROJECT unit at Fort Meade. | +| [[Extended Remote Viewing]] | Extended Remote Viewing (ERV) refers to deeper altered-state methods of Remote Viewing, often favored by the Stargate Project unit at Fort Meade. | | [[Outbound Remote Viewing]] | Outbound Remote Viewing is a Remote Viewing methodology where an 'outbound' experimenter visits a target site while the psychic, typically back at a laboratory, attempts to perceive and describe the experimenter's surroundings. | | [[Outbounder-Beacon Experiment]] | The Outbounder-Beacon Experiment was a Remote Viewing protocol developed by Hal Puthoff and Russell Targ at Stanford Research Institute for the Central Intelligence Agency's psychic research program. | | [[Psychotronic Research]] | Psychotronic Research was the Eastern European pseudo-technical term for Psi research, particularly focusing on the interaction between human psychology and electronics. | @@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ Narcotics, drug trafficking networks, and substance-related concepts. | Name | Description | | --- | --- | -| [[cocaine]] | Cocaine was the commodity that linked Contra war fundraising to the devastation of American inner cities, with CIA-connected networks trafficking thousands of kilos into the United States during the 1980s. | +| [[Cocaine]] | Cocaine was the commodity that linked Contra war fundraising to the devastation of American inner cities, with CIA-connected networks trafficking thousands of kilos into the United States during the 1980s. | | [[Crack Cocaine]] | Crack is a smokable, mass-producible form of cocaine that transformed the drug from an expensive luxury into a cheap commodity devastating American inner cities throughout the 1980s. | --- diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Clairvoyance.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Clairvoyance.md index b9a0259f..58c53bc4 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Clairvoyance.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Clairvoyance.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ summary: "Clairvoyance is the purported paranormal ability to perceive informati Clairvoyance (from the French: voir clair, "clear seeing") is the claimed paranormal faculty of perceiving information about physical reality - objects, events, locations, or people - by extrasensory means that bypass the ordinary senses of sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell. It is classified as one of the major categories of [[Psi|psi]] alongside [[Telepathy]] (mind-to-mind information transfer) and [[Precognition]] (perception of future events). The distinction between clairvoyance and telepathy is conceptually significant: clairvoyance involves direct perception of physical reality independent of any transmitting mind, while telepathy involves information passing between two minds. -In the context of the U.S. government's [[STARGATE PROJECT|STAR GATE]] remote viewing programs at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]], Langley, and [[Fort Meade]], clairvoyance was the operative phenomenon being studied. The formal term used by researchers was "remote viewing" rather than clairvoyance, in part to avoid the paranormal connotations of the older term. However, the operational mechanism - a viewer gaining information about a distant location or target through means that could not be explained by conventional sensory access or logical inference - is functionally equivalent to what earlier researchers called clairvoyance.[^1] +In the context of the U.S. government's [[Stargate Project|STAR GATE]] remote viewing programs at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]], Langley, and [[Fort Meade]], clairvoyance was the operative phenomenon being studied. The formal term used by researchers was "remote viewing" rather than clairvoyance, in part to avoid the paranormal connotations of the older term. However, the operational mechanism - a viewer gaining information about a distant location or target through means that could not be explained by conventional sensory access or logical inference - is functionally equivalent to what earlier researchers called clairvoyance.[^1] ### Historical Research @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ The Sugar Grove incident - in which Price and Swann were given geographic coordi ### Soviet and Chinese Research -The U.S. government's interest in clairvoyance was significantly driven by intelligence assessments of Soviet research in the field. Soviet parapsychology research, conducted under the euphemism "[[Psychoenergetics]]," was reported to include experiments on clairvoyance and related phenomena as potential intelligence and weapons applications. [[Hal Puthoff]]'s 1982 classified report, "Psychoenergetics Research in the People's Republic of China," documented Chinese research into [[Extraordinary Human Body Function|Extraordinary Human Body Function (EHBF)]] - a term used by Chinese researchers for clairvoyance and related abilities - confirming what DIA officials saw as a competitive foreign research program.[^2] +The U.S. government's interest in clairvoyance was significantly driven by intelligence assessments of Soviet research in the field. Soviet parapsychology research, conducted under the euphemism "[[Psychoenergetics]]," was reported to include experiments on clairvoyance and related phenomena as potential intelligence and weapons applications. Hal Puthoff's 1982 classified report, "Psychoenergetics Research in the People's Republic of China," documented Chinese research into [[Extraordinary Human Body Function|Extraordinary Human Body Function (EHBF)]] - a term used by Chinese researchers for clairvoyance and related abilities - confirming what DIA officials saw as a competitive foreign research program.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Precognition.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Precognition.md index 9a71506a..b9cdf44b 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Precognition.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Precognition.md @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ category: "Psi Phenomenon" summary: "Precognition is the claimed psi ability to perceive future events before they occur, one of the phenomena studied in government parapsychology research programs throughout the Cold War alongside remote viewing and telepathy." --- -[[Precognition]] is the claimed [[Psi|psychic]] ability to perceive or predict future events. It is a form of [[Psi|psi]] ability and a subject of study within [[Parapsychology]]. While the future is often described as opaque and confused in remote viewing, there were instances where precognition appeared to work with remarkable accuracy.[^1] +[[Precognition]] is the claimed [[Psi|psychic]] ability to perceive or predict future events. It is a form of psi ability and a subject of study within [[Parapsychology]]. While the future is often described as opaque and confused in remote viewing, there were instances where precognition appeared to work with remarkable accuracy.[^1] -In the context of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], precognition was explored through various means, including [[Associative Remote Viewing|Associative Remote Viewing]] (ARV), where remote viewers would attempt to precognize future events by describing associated objects. [[Pat Price]] famously demonstrated precognitive abilities by predicting the ceasefire date of the Yom Kippur War and accurately describing the Rinconada Park water tanks, which had existed in the past but were not present at the time of his viewing. [[Hella Hammid]] also showed strong precognitive talents, accurately describing targets even before they were randomly selected.[^1] +In the context of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], precognition was explored through various means, including [[Associative Remote Viewing|Associative Remote Viewing]] (ARV), where remote viewers would attempt to precognize future events by describing associated objects. [[Pat Price]] famously demonstrated precognitive abilities by predicting the ceasefire date of the Yom Kippur War and accurately describing the Rinconada Park water tanks, which had existed in the past but were not present at the time of his viewing. [[Hella Hammid]] also showed strong precognitive talents, accurately describing targets even before they were randomly selected.[^1] However, the book also highlights the challenges of precognition, noting that "time was the slipperiest dimension." Remote viewers sometimes found themselves in the past even when tasked with the present, and attempts to predict complex future events, such as the outcome of the U.S. Embassy construction in Moscow, often resulted in confused or inaccurate data, suggesting that the future is not always fixed or easily perceived.[^1] diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Psi.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Psi.md index 537d3eb5..2cff2d99 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Psi.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Psi.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ category: "Psi Phenomenon" summary: "Psi is a general term in Parapsychology for psychic phenomena, encompassing abilities such as Extrasensory Perception (ESP) and Psychokinesis (PK)." --- -[[Psi]] is a general term in [[Parapsychology]] for psychic phenomena, encompassing abilities such as [[Extrasensory Perception|extrasensory perception]] (ESP) and [[Psychokinesis|psychokinesis]] (PK). The concept of psi has been explored throughout history, from ancient shamans and prophets to modern scientific research. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, psi is the underlying phenomenon investigated by programs like the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]] for military and intelligence applications.[^1] +[[Psi]] is a general term in [[Parapsychology]] for psychic phenomena, encompassing abilities such as [[Extrasensory Perception|extrasensory perception]] (ESP) and [[Psychokinesis|psychokinesis]] (PK). The concept of psi has been explored throughout history, from ancient shamans and prophets to modern scientific research. In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, psi is the underlying phenomenon investigated by programs like the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]] for military and intelligence applications.[^1] ### Manifestations of Psi @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Psi can manifest in various forms, including: Scientific investigation into psi has a long and controversial history. Early psychical research, which emerged from the study of hypnosis, later transformed into parapsychology, seeking to apply rigorous scientific methods to the study of psi. Despite efforts by researchers like [[J. B. Rhine]] and organizations like the [[Parapsychological Association]], psi research has largely remained outside mainstream science, facing skepticism and the "giggle factor" due to the lack of tangible, repeatable results and real-world applications that could convince the broader scientific community.[^1] -However, government interest in psi, particularly from the [[Soviet Union|Soviet Union]] and the [[United States|U.S.]], led to covert research programs like the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], driven by concerns about a potential "[[Psi Gap|psi gap]]." These programs explored the operational utility of psi for intelligence gathering, despite the scientific controversies.[^1] +However, government interest in psi, particularly from the [[Soviet Union|Soviet Union]] and the [[United States|U.S.]], led to covert research programs like the Stargate Project, driven by concerns about a potential "[[Psi Gap|psi gap]]." These programs explored the operational utility of psi for intelligence gathering, despite the scientific controversies.[^1] --- diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Psychoenergetics.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Psychoenergetics.md index ae636ce6..daecadee 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Psychoenergetics.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Psychoenergetics.md @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ On June 12, 1987, Colonel [[Henry Shinol]], Deputy Assistant Chief of Staff for In 1981, [[Jack Vorona]], the Assistant Director for Scientific and Technical Intelligence at the Defense Intelligence Agency, contacted [[Dale Graff]] and brought him to Washington to help run a classified DIA program formally designated Psychoenergetics. The program had two stated goals: "to evaluate the threat that foreign psychoenergetics achievements might pose to U.S. national security, and to explore the potential of psychoenergetics for use in U.S. intelligence collection."[^1] -Vorona believed that with DIA resources, genuine scientific progress could be made toward understanding [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and psychokinesis. The DIA Psychoenergetics program oversaw and funded the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] and later Sun Streak remote viewing operations at [[Fort Meade]], and the SRI research program directed by [[Hal Puthoff]] continued to receive DIA-channeled funding.[^1] +Vorona believed that with DIA resources, genuine scientific progress could be made toward understanding [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and psychokinesis. The DIA Psychoenergetics program oversaw and funded the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] and later Sun Streak remote viewing operations at [[Fort Meade]], and the SRI research program directed by [[Hal Puthoff]] continued to receive DIA-channeled funding.[^1] The program's conceptual framework was explicitly competitive: American intelligence officials saw Soviet and Chinese psychoenergetics research as a potential asymmetric threat requiring a response, regardless of whether the phenomena were real. If the Soviets had functional remote viewing or remote influence capabilities, the United States needed to understand them; and if U.S. researchers could develop comparable capabilities, they provided a potential intelligence collection tool operating outside normal technical surveillance channels.[^1] diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Remote Viewing.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Remote Viewing.md index 21369ae1..06ce1ff4 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Remote Viewing.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Remote Viewing.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ category: "Psi Phenomenon" summary: "Remote Viewing is a controversial mental faculty or technique in which an individual is said to be able to acquire information about a distant or unseen target using extrasensory perception (ESP) or 'sensing with the mind." --- -[[Remote Viewing]] is a controversial mental faculty or technique in which an individual is said to be able to acquire information about a distant or unseen target using extrasensory perception (ESP) or "sensing with the mind." The term was coined by [[Hal Puthoff]] and [[Russell Targ]] at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] to describe a new, more scientific and sober approach to clairvoyance, distinguishing it from older, more sensationalized terms like ESP or psychic perception. It was the central focus of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], a U.S. government-sponsored program investigating psychic phenomena for military and intelligence applications.[^1] +[[Remote Viewing]] is a controversial mental faculty or technique in which an individual is said to be able to acquire information about a distant or unseen target using extrasensory perception (ESP) or "sensing with the mind." The term was coined by [[Hal Puthoff]] and [[Russell Targ]] at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] to describe a new, more scientific and sober approach to clairvoyance, distinguishing it from older, more sensationalized terms like ESP or psychic perception. It was the central focus of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], a U.S. government-sponsored program investigating psychic phenomena for military and intelligence applications.[^1] Practitioners of remote viewing, known as remote viewers, are trained to enter a state of deep relaxation and focus their attention on a specific target, which can be a person, place, or object. The viewer then reports the images, feelings, thoughts, and other sensory impressions that come to them, a process that requires the suspension of analytical judgment. The key to the technique is to avoid what is known as "analytical overlay" (AO), the brain's natural tendency to interpret and categorize incoming data based on past experience. A successful remote viewer must act as a pure conduit for information, free of preconceived notions.[^2] diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Telepathy.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Telepathy.md index 90ed1efe..a1c38422 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Telepathy.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSI_PHENOMENA/Telepathy.md @@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ summary: "Telepathy is the claimed direct mental communication of thoughts or fe [[Telepathy]] is the direct mental communication of thoughts, feelings, or ideas from one mind to another without the use of conventional sensory channels. It is a form of [[Psi|psychic]] ability and a subject of study within [[Parapsychology]].[^1] -In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, telepathy gained significant attention due to the sensational 1960 French magazine article, [[The Nautilus (Telepathy Project)|"The Secret of the Nautilus,"]] which claimed successful telepathic communication with the USS Nautilus submarine. Although later debunked as a fabrication, this story spurred extensive Soviet [[Parapsychology|psi]] research, with figures like [[Leonid Vasiliev]] and [[I. M. Kogan]] focusing on telepathy experiments. Kogan, for instance, attempted to characterize psi data transmission in terms familiar to communications specialists, concluding that psi data could be transmitted at very low bit rates.[^1] +In the context of the *Remote Viewers* narrative, telepathy gained significant attention due to the sensational 1960 French magazine article, [[The Nautilus (Telepathy Project)|"The Secret of the Nautilus,"]] which claimed successful telepathic communication with the USS Nautilus submarine. Although later debunked as a fabrication, this story spurred extensive Soviet psi research, with figures like [[Leonid Vasiliev]] and [[I. M. Kogan]] focusing on telepathy experiments. Kogan, for instance, attempted to characterize psi data transmission in terms familiar to communications specialists, concluding that psi data could be transmitted at very low bit rates.[^1] -Within the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], telepathy was explored, particularly in the context of "telepathic interrogations." [[Ken Bell]] famously used this technique to extract information from a [[KGB]] agent in South Africa, and [[Joe McMoneagle]] also employed it during the tracking of a Soviet T-72 tank. Experiments were also conducted at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] to augment ordinary telepathy with electroencephalograph (EEG) devices, aiming to develop a telepathic system for long-distance communication, potentially with submerged submarine crews.[^1] +Within the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], telepathy was explored, particularly in the context of "telepathic interrogations." [[Ken Bell]] famously used this technique to extract information from a [[KGB]] agent in South Africa, and [[Joe McMoneagle]] also employed it during the tracking of a Soviet T-72 tank. Experiments were also conducted at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] to augment ordinary telepathy with electroencephalograph (EEG) devices, aiming to develop a telepathic system for long-distance communication, potentially with submerged submarine crews.[^1] --- diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSYCHOLOGY_&_BEHAVIORAL_SCIENCE/Synchronicity.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSYCHOLOGY_&_BEHAVIORAL_SCIENCE/Synchronicity.md index 6cbb502f..d3f7f302 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSYCHOLOGY_&_BEHAVIORAL_SCIENCE/Synchronicity.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/PSYCHOLOGY_&_BEHAVIORAL_SCIENCE/Synchronicity.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ summary: "Synchronicity is Carl Jung's concept of meaningful coincidences that l [[Synchronicity]] is a concept first introduced by the Swiss psychiatrist [[Carl Jung]]. It refers to meaningful coincidences that lack a causal relationship but are deeply connected in meaning. Jung believed that synchronicity was an acausal connecting principle, a phenomenon where events in the external world mirror an individual's internal psychological state, suggesting a deeper, underlying order to the universe.[^1] -In the context of the *Phenomena* text, synchronicity is mentioned in relation to [[Arthur Koestler]]'s book *The Roots of Coincidence*, which explored Jung's concepts and their potential connection to [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and [[Psychokinesis]]. Major General [[Edmund Thompson]], a key supporter of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], developed an interest in psi phenomena after reading Koestler's book, suggesting that the idea of meaningful coincidences played a role in his openness to psychic research.[^1] +In the context of the *Phenomena* text, synchronicity is mentioned in relation to [[Arthur Koestler]]'s book *The Roots of Coincidence*, which explored Jung's concepts and their potential connection to [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] and [[Psychokinesis]]. Major General [[Edmund Thompson]], a key supporter of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], developed an interest in psi phenomena after reading Koestler's book, suggesting that the idea of meaningful coincidences played a role in his openness to psychic research.[^1] Synchronicity differs from mere coincidence in that it carries a profound personal meaning for the individual experiencing it, often feeling like a sign or a message. It suggests a connection between the inner and outer worlds that goes beyond conventional cause and effect, hinting at a collective unconscious or a universal field of information.[^1] diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Analytical Overlay.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Analytical Overlay.md index afe40a7d..ab9902cb 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Analytical Overlay.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Analytical Overlay.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ summary: "Analytical Overlay refers to the conscious or unconscious imposition o [[Analytical Overlay]] refers to the conscious or unconscious imposition of a remote viewer's existing knowledge, beliefs, or biases onto their psychic perceptions, potentially distorting the accuracy of the data. It is a significant challenge in [[Remote Viewing]] and other [[Extrasensory Perception|ESP]] phenomena, as the mind naturally tries to make sense of incoming information by fitting it into familiar frameworks.[^1] -In the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], protocols were developed to minimize analytical overlay, such as using "blind" tasking where the remote viewer had no prior knowledge of the target. However, it remained a persistent issue, as seen in the search for General Dozier, where the volume of vague and disparate information from remote viewers made it difficult to separate signal from noise. [[Dale Graff]] worked to cull this information and narrow search parameters, recognizing the impact of analytical overlay on the data.[^1] +In the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], protocols were developed to minimize analytical overlay, such as using "blind" tasking where the remote viewer had no prior knowledge of the target. However, it remained a persistent issue, as seen in the search for General Dozier, where the volume of vague and disparate information from remote viewers made it difficult to separate signal from noise. [[Dale Graff]] worked to cull this information and narrow search parameters, recognizing the impact of analytical overlay on the data.[^1] --- diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Associative Remote Viewing.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Associative Remote Viewing.md index b56ee0ac..20d9a9ca 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Associative Remote Viewing.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Associative Remote Viewing.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ summary: "Associative Remote Viewing (ARV) is a precognitive Remote Viewing tech [[Associative Remote Viewing]] (ARV) is a precognitive [[Remote Viewing]] technique where objects or geographic locations are used as surrogates for abstract data, such as numbers or letters, which are generally difficult to remote-view directly. The idea is that the remote viewer precognizes their own future perception of an object, rather than directly perceiving the abstract data itself.[^1] -In the context of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] experimented with ARV, attempting to use it to predict Maryland lottery numbers. In these informal experiments, objects were assigned to numbers, and remote viewers would describe the objects they would be presented with on a future date, corresponding to the winning lottery numbers. However, these attempts were unsuccessful. ARV was also used in treasure hunt schemes, where remote viewers would try to narrow down search areas by associating impressions with locations on a map.[^1] +In the context of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]] experimented with ARV, attempting to use it to predict Maryland lottery numbers. In these informal experiments, objects were assigned to numbers, and remote viewers would describe the objects they would be presented with on a future date, corresponding to the winning lottery numbers. However, these attempts were unsuccessful. ARV was also used in treasure hunt schemes, where remote viewers would try to narrow down search areas by associating impressions with locations on a map.[^1] --- diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Coordinate Remote Viewing.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Coordinate Remote Viewing.md index bc1b7405..20bddc2b 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Coordinate Remote Viewing.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Coordinate Remote Viewing.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ location: Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, California Initially, Puthoff and Targ were skeptical of the idea, arguing that coordinate systems were arbitrary human creations and that a psychic's success might be attributed to eidetic memory or cryptomnesia. However, Swann persisted, and after informal tests showed promising results, the protocol was tightened, with coordinates being selected by a third party unknown to the researchers and the psychic. The accuracy of CRV was famously demonstrated in the Sugar Grove incident, where Swann and [[Pat Price]] accurately described a secret [[NSA]] facility despite being given coordinates for a different location.[^1] -CRV became a fundamental technique within the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]] (also known as [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]]), allowing for the operational application of remote viewing for intelligence gathering. It was distinguished from other methodologies like Outbound Remote Viewing and Extended Remote Viewing.[^1] +CRV became a fundamental technique within the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]] (also known as Grill Flame), allowing for the operational application of remote viewing for intelligence gathering. It was distinguished from other methodologies like Outbound Remote Viewing and Extended Remote Viewing.[^1] --- diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Eight-Martini Results.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Eight-Martini Results.md index cb24b0d3..73481a43 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Eight-Martini Results.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Eight-Martini Results.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ summary: "'Eight-Martini Results' is a term coined within the Central Intelligen "[[Eight-Martini Results]]" is a term coined within the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] to describe highly accurate and unsettling [[PSI-INT|psychic intelligence]] that is so inexplicable it drives intelligence officers to drink. The term implies that the information received through [[Remote Viewing]] or other [[Psi|psi]] means is so precise and unexpected that it challenges conventional understanding and can be deeply unsettling for those who receive it.[^1] -[[Pat Price]]'s remote viewing of the Chinese Embassy in Africa, where he accurately described details that were known only to a few intelligence officers, was described as an "eight-martini evening" by [[Nick Clancy]], a CIA officer. Similarly, [[Joe McMoneagle]]'s accurate remote viewing of the Soviet Typhoon-class submarine was considered an "intelligence first" and an example of an eight-martini result for the [[U.S. Army]]'s [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] unit.[^1] +[[Pat Price]]'s remote viewing of the Chinese Embassy in Africa, where he accurately described details that were known only to a few intelligence officers, was described as an "eight-martini evening" by [[Nick Clancy]], a CIA officer. Similarly, [[Joe McMoneagle]]'s accurate remote viewing of the Soviet Typhoon-class submarine was considered an "intelligence first" and an example of an eight-martini result for the [[U.S. Army]]'s [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] unit.[^1] --- diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Extended Remote Viewing.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Extended Remote Viewing.md index e8253ba3..c49aff18 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Extended Remote Viewing.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Extended Remote Viewing.md @@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ tags: - methodology description: Extended Remote Viewing (ERV) refers to deeper altered-state methods of psychic spying, often favored by the Stargate Project unit at Fort Meade. category: "Research Methodology" -summary: "Extended Remote Viewing (ERV) refers to deeper altered-state methods of Remote Viewing, often favored by the STARGATE PROJECT unit at Fort Meade." +summary: "Extended Remote Viewing (ERV) refers to deeper altered-state methods of Remote Viewing, often favored by the Stargate Project unit at Fort Meade." --- -[[Extended Remote Viewing]] (ERV) refers to deeper altered-state methods of [[Remote Viewing]], often favored by the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]] unit at [[Fort Meade]]. This methodology involves the remote viewer entering a profound trance-like state to perceive information about a distant or unseen target. Unlike [[Coordinate Remote Viewing|Coordinate Remote Viewing]] (CRV), which often involves more structured protocols, ERV emphasizes a deeper immersion into the psychic experience.[^1] +[[Extended Remote Viewing]] (ERV) refers to deeper altered-state methods of [[Remote Viewing]], often favored by the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]] unit at [[Fort Meade]]. This methodology involves the remote viewer entering a profound trance-like state to perceive information about a distant or unseen target. Unlike [[Coordinate Remote Viewing|Coordinate Remote Viewing]] (CRV), which often involves more structured protocols, ERV emphasizes a deeper immersion into the psychic experience.[^1] [[Mel Riley]] was known for his ability to enter a deep, trancelike state during remote viewing sessions, which aligns with the characteristics of ERV. The unit's move to quieter buildings at Fort Meade (2560 and 2561) was partly to facilitate these deeper states, as remote viewers in trance were highly sensitive to sounds.[^1] diff --git a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Outbounder-Beacon Experiment.md b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Outbounder-Beacon Experiment.md index d8ddfe5c..1e504722 100644 --- a/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Outbounder-Beacon Experiment.md +++ b/50 - CONCEPTS & TECHNOLOGY/RESEARCH_METHODOLOGIES/Outbounder-Beacon Experiment.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ location: Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, California The [[Outbounder-Beacon Experiment]] was a [[Remote Viewing]] protocol developed by [[Hal Puthoff]] and [[Russell Targ]] at [[Stanford Research Institute|SRI]] for the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s psychic research program. In this experiment, two scientists or researchers, designated as the "outbounder team," would travel to a randomly selected target site. At a predetermined time, one of them would mentally survey the site, acting as a "beacon" for the psychic back at SRI.[^1] -The psychic, typically in a [[Faraday Cage]], would then attempt to perceive and sketch what the outbounder was seeing and sending telepathically. This method allowed for richer feedback, as the psychic's impressions could be directly compared to the actual target site. The outbounder-beacon experiment was a key component in the early stages of the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]] and was used to test psychics like [[Ingo Swann]] and [[Pat Price]].[^1] +The psychic, typically in a [[Faraday Cage]], would then attempt to perceive and sketch what the outbounder was seeing and sending telepathically. This method allowed for richer feedback, as the psychic's impressions could be directly compared to the actual target site. The outbounder-beacon experiment was a key component in the early stages of the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]] and was used to test psychics like [[Ingo Swann]] and [[Pat Price]].[^1] --- diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Baton Rouge, Louisiana.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Baton Rouge, Louisiana.md index a737df01..f95a228d 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Baton Rouge, Louisiana.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Baton Rouge, Louisiana.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Baton Rouge, Louisiana was the base of CIA-DEA contract agent Barry Seal, whose farm served as a cocaine drop site connected to both the Medellín cartel and Contra supply operations. --- -[[Baton Rouge]], Louisiana was the base of [[Central Intelligence Agency]]-[[DEA]] contract agent [[Barry Seal]], whose farm served as a [[cocaine]] drop site connected to both the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín Cartel]] and Contra supply operations. Seal moved from Baton Rouge to Mena, [[Arkansas]], in 1982, but his Louisiana connections remained central to the drug trafficking network.[^1] +[[Baton Rouge]], Louisiana was the base of [[Central Intelligence Agency]]-[[DEA]] contract agent [[Barry Seal]], whose farm served as a [[Cocaine]] drop site connected to both the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín Cartel]] and Contra supply operations. Seal moved from Baton Rouge to Mena, [[Arkansas]], in 1982, but his Louisiana connections remained central to the drug trafficking network.[^1] ### Seal's Operations diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Bogota.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Bogota.md index de6860a2..bf68b53d 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Bogota.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Bogota.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tags: summary: Bogota was the capital of Colombia and a center of the cocaine trade that supplied the Contra-connected trafficking networks operating in the United States. --- -Bogota was the capital of [[Colombia]] and a center of the [[cocaine]] trade that supplied the Contra-connected trafficking networks operating in the [[United States]]. [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] studied at the University of Colombia in Bogota, where he was recruited into the drug trafficking world by [[Donald Barrios]] on behalf of [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]].[^1] +Bogota was the capital of [[Colombia]] and a center of the [[Cocaine]] trade that supplied the Contra-connected trafficking networks operating in the [[United States]]. [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] studied at the University of Colombia in Bogota, where he was recruited into the drug trafficking world by [[Donald Barrios]] on behalf of [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]].[^1] ### Blandón's Colombian Base diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Cali, Colombia.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Cali, Colombia.md index 06183880..61d181e1 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Cali, Colombia.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Cali, Colombia.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Cali, Colombia was the headquarters of the Cali Cartel, a rival to the Medellín Cartel that also played a role in the cocaine trade connected to the Contra supply chain. --- -Cali, [[Colombia]] was the headquarters of the [[Cali Drug Cartel]], a rival to the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín Cartel]] that also played a role in the [[cocaine]] trade connected to the Contra supply chain. The city's drug trafficking organizations were part of the broader Colombian narcotics infrastructure that supplied the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] network.[^1] +Cali, [[Colombia]] was the headquarters of the [[Cali Drug Cartel]], a rival to the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín Cartel]] that also played a role in the [[Cocaine]] trade connected to the Contra supply chain. The city's drug trafficking organizations were part of the broader Colombian narcotics infrastructure that supplied the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] network.[^1] ### The Colombian Connection diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Chicago.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Chicago.md index a46e3b52..4d829776 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Chicago.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Chicago.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Chicago was one of the cities where Julio Zavala distributed cocaine as part of the Contra-connected trafficking network on the West Coast. --- -Chicago was one of the cities where [[Julio Zavala]] distributed [[cocaine]] as part of the Contra-connected trafficking network. Zavala had customers in [[Miami]], [[Los Angeles]], Chicago, and [[San Francisco]], demonstrating the coast-to-coast reach of the trafficking operation run by [[Norwin Meneses]] and [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]].[^1] +Chicago was one of the cities where [[Julio Zavala]] distributed [[Cocaine]] as part of the Contra-connected trafficking network. Zavala had customers in [[Miami]], [[Los Angeles]], Chicago, and [[San Francisco]], demonstrating the coast-to-coast reach of the trafficking operation run by [[Norwin Meneses]] and [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]].[^1] ### Distribution Network diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Compton.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Compton.md index eccd1b9b..0666fdc3 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Compton.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Compton.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Compton was a city in [[Los Angeles]] County heavily affected by the [[Crack Coc ### Ground Zero -Compton, along with [[South Central Los Angeles]], bore the brunt of the crack explosion that resulted from the thousands of kilos of [[cocaine]] dumped into the Los Angeles area by Blandón and [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]]. The city's predominantly Black neighborhoods became primary markets for the cheap crack cocaine that devastated communities through addiction, violence, and mass incarceration. The Contra-connected drug pipeline's impact on Compton was a direct consequence of the decision to fund the [[Contras]] through cocaine trafficking in American inner cities.[^2] +Compton, along with [[South Central Los Angeles]], bore the brunt of the crack explosion that resulted from the thousands of kilos of [[Cocaine]] dumped into the Los Angeles area by Blandón and [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]]. The city's predominantly Black neighborhoods became primary markets for the cheap crack cocaine that devastated communities through addiction, violence, and mass incarceration. The Contra-connected drug pipeline's impact on Compton was a direct consequence of the decision to fund the [[Contras]] through cocaine trafficking in American inner cities.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Houston.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Houston.md index 2d3209d0..a610b398 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Houston.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Houston.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Houston, Texas was a destination for Contra-connected cocaine shipments and was monitored by federal agencies tracking the Blandón-Meneses drug network. --- -Houston, [[Texas]] was a destination for Contra-connected [[cocaine]] shipments and was monitored by federal agencies tracking the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] drug network. The city's port facilities and proximity to the Mexican border made it a key node in the southern drug trafficking corridor.[^1] +Houston, [[Texas]] was a destination for Contra-connected [[Cocaine]] shipments and was monitored by federal agencies tracking the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] drug network. The city's port facilities and proximity to the Mexican border made it a key node in the southern drug trafficking corridor.[^1] ### Cocaine Smuggling diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Las Vegas.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Las Vegas.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..893782a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Las Vegas.md @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +--- +category: "City" +aliases: + - "Las Vegas, Nevada" +tags: + - City + - Nevada + - OrganizedCrime + - CIA + - Accelerationism +summary: "Nevada gambling city where the CIA had the prosecution of Robert Maheu's wiretappers dropped, Pat Price died in 1975, and an FBI informant hosted Atomwaffen Division's 2019 leadership meeting." +location: "Las Vegas, Nevada, United States" +created: 2026-09-22 +updated: 2026-09-22 +--- + +### The Syndicate + +The Fremont Hotel was financed through a loan from [[Jimmy Hoffa]] and tied to [[Meyer Lansky]], whose lieutenant, the Las Vegas gambler [[Edward Levinson]], joined a 1963 lawsuit against [[Bobby Baker]].[^1] [[Robert Maheu]], who had known [[Johnny Roselli]] through Las Vegas gambling circles, recruited him for the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s plots against [[Fidel Castro]] in September 1960. When Maheu's men were arrested for a wiretap in Las Vegas, done as a favor to [[Sam Giancana]], the agency's director of security, [[Sheffield Edwards]], asked that the prosecution be dropped; a CIA memorandum records, "At our request, prosecution was dropped." The case was the occasion for the briefing Edwards and the general counsel, [[Lawrence Houston]], gave Attorney General [[Robert F. Kennedy|Robert Kennedy]] on the operation on May 7, 1962.[^2][^3] + +### Remote Viewing + +[[Pat Price]], the retired Burbank police commissioner whom [[Hal Puthoff]] and [[Russell Targ]] of [[Stanford Research Institute]] considered their most productive subject, died of a heart attack in Las Vegas on July 14, 1975.[^4] The real estate developer [[Robert Bigelow]], born in Las Vegas in 1944, later held, through [[Bigelow Aerospace Advanced Space Studies]], a [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] contract to study anomalous phenomena.[^5] + +### Trials and Plots + +The former Special Forces officer [[Bo Gritz]], indicted in May 1987 for using a false passport in the name of Patrick Richard Clark, told the court at his arraignment in Las Vegas that he had "proper authorization" for his travels, and was acquitted; the contractor [[Patrick Moriarty]] was subpoenaed to testify for him.[^1] + +In about September 2019 [[Joshua Caleb Sutter]], a paid [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] informant, organized the [[2019 AWD Nuclear Congress]] of [[Atomwaffen Division]] in Las Vegas, with FBI-provided funds covering members' travel and lodging; [[James Mason]], author of *[[Siege]]*, made his first documented appearance with the group there.[^6] On August 8, 2019, the FBI's Las Vegas Joint Terrorism Task Force arrested [[Conor Climo]], who had been in contact with the [[Feuerkrieg Division]] since late 2017 and had planned to firebomb a Las Vegas synagogue and attack an LGBTQ bar; he was sentenced to two years in November 2020.[^7] On January 1, 2025, the active-duty soldier [[Matthew Livelsberger]] detonated a Tesla Cybertruck loaded with fireworks and fuel outside the Trump International Hotel on the Strip, in the [[Cybertruck Trump Hotel Bombing]].[^8] + +### Footnotes + +[^1]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. +[^2]: Central Intelligence Agency, "Family Jewels," memorandum of Howard J. Osborn, Director of Security, to the Executive Secretary, CIA Management Committee, May 16, 1973, with attachments. Released June 25, 2007. +[^3]: U.S. Senate, Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities. *Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders: An Interim Report.* S. Rept. 94-465, 1975, pp. 133-134. +[^4]: As stated on the Pat Price page, which gives no source for the date and place of death. +[^5]: Lacatski, James T., Colm A. Kelleher, and George Knapp. *Skinwalkers at the Pentagon: An Insider's Account of the Secret Government UFO Program.* RTMA, 2021. +[^6]: "New Video May Signal Dangerous Change For Neo-Nazi Terror Cell Atomwaffen." *Vice,* September 2019. https://www.vice.com/en/article/new-video-may-signal-dangerous-change-for-neo-nazi-terror-cell-atomwaffen/ ; "FBI Bankrolled Publisher of Occult Neo-Nazi Books, Feds Claim." *Vice,* 2021. https://www.vice.com/en/article/fbi-bankrolled-publisher-of-occult-neo-nazi-books-feds-claim/ +[^7]: U.S. Attorney's Office, District of Nevada. "Las Vegas Man Pleads Guilty To Possession Of Bomb-Making Components." February 2020. https://www.justice.gov/usao-nv/pr/las-vegas-man-pleads-guilty-possession-bomb-making-components ; "White supremacist sentenced to 2 years in bomb plot case." *Las Vegas Sun,* November 13, 2020. https://lasvegassun.com/news/2020/11/13/white-supremacist-sentenced-to-2-years-in-bomb-plo/ +[^8]: "Fireworks, gas tanks and camping fuel used in Tesla Cybertruck explosion outside Las Vegas Trump Hotel," archived at https://archive.is/nxAPd diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Lima.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Lima.md index f681135e..aeb5b239 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Lima.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Lima.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Lima, the capital of [[Peru]], was where the first documented epidemic of cocain ### The Andean Connection -The [[cocaine]] that flowed through Contra-connected trafficking networks originated in the Andean production zone that included Peru, [[Bolivia]], and [[Colombia]]. The early epidemic in Lima served as a warning that went unheeded when cheap cocaine began flooding into American inner cities through networks like the one run by [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] and [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]]. The Peruvian experience with coca paste smoking in Lima demonstrated the destructive potential of smokable cocaine years before crack devastated [[South Central Los Angeles|South Central L.A.]].[^2] +The [[Cocaine]] that flowed through Contra-connected trafficking networks originated in the Andean production zone that included Peru, [[Bolivia]], and [[Colombia]]. The early epidemic in Lima served as a warning that went unheeded when cheap cocaine began flooding into American inner cities through networks like the one run by [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] and [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]]. The Peruvian experience with coca paste smoking in Lima demonstrated the destructive potential of smokable cocaine years before crack devastated [[South Central Los Angeles|South Central L.A.]].[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Los Angeles.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Los Angeles.md index e1f5568d..ebfb7495 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Los Angeles.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Los Angeles.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ tags: - Dark_Alliance_Investigation summary: Largest city in California and the center of the crack cocaine explosion in South Central Los Angeles, fueled by cocaine supplied by Danilo Blandón's Contra-connected drug ring throughout the 1980s. --- -Los Angeles is the largest city in [[California]] and was the epicenter of the [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] cocaine explosion in [[South Central Los Angeles|South Central L.A.]] during the 1980s, fueled by [[cocaine]] supplied by [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s Contra-connected trafficking network.[^1] +Los Angeles is the largest city in [[California]] and was the epicenter of the [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] cocaine explosion in [[South Central Los Angeles|South Central L.A.]] during the 1980s, fueled by [[Cocaine]] supplied by [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s Contra-connected trafficking network.[^1] ### Nicaraguan Exile Community diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Managua.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Managua.md index 71475881..2c7043d3 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Managua.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Managua.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Under the [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]] regime, Meneses operated freely in Managua ### Post-Revolution -After the [[Sandinistas]] were voted out in 1990, Meneses moved back to his mansion on the outskirts of Managua and began reclaiming $12 million in confiscated holdings. In November 1991, Nicaraguan police raided his drug ring, seizing 725 kilos of [[cocaine]]. Meneses was convicted and sentenced to thirty years, serving his time at Tipitapa Prison outside Managua.[^3] +After the [[Sandinistas]] were voted out in 1990, Meneses moved back to his mansion on the outskirts of Managua and began reclaiming $12 million in confiscated holdings. In November 1991, Nicaraguan police raided his drug ring, seizing 725 kilos of [[Cocaine]]. Meneses was convicted and sentenced to thirty years, serving his time at Tipitapa Prison outside Managua.[^3] ### Dark Alliance Interviews diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Medellin.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Medellin.md index 223dedfa..43a86624 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Medellin.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Medellin.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Medellín, Colombia was the headquarters of the Medellín Cartel, which supplied cocaine to the Contra-connected trafficking networks run by Blandón and Meneses. --- -Medellín, [[Colombia]] was the headquarters of the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín Cartel]], which supplied [[cocaine]] to the Contra-connected trafficking networks run by [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] and [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]]. The city gave its name to the most powerful drug trafficking organization of the 1980s.[^1] +Medellín, [[Colombia]] was the headquarters of the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín Cartel]], which supplied [[Cocaine]] to the Contra-connected trafficking networks run by [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] and [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]]. The city gave its name to the most powerful drug trafficking organization of the 1980s.[^1] ### The Medellín Cartel diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Mexico City.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Mexico City.md index c5e5771d..d8fc0b3f 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Mexico City.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Mexico City.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Mexico City was where the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] office requested i ### Early Awareness -The FBI's Mexico City office's request to monitor Meneses showed that the U.S. government knew about his drug trafficking well before he began selling [[cocaine]] in [[Los Angeles]] to fund the [[Contras]]. Despite this awareness, Meneses was never prosecuted and continued to operate freely in [[San Francisco]] and Los Angeles throughout the 1980s. The failure to act on the intelligence about Meneses, combined with his known role as a Contra political leader, raised questions about whether his connections to the U.S.-backed war protected him from law enforcement action.[^2] +The FBI's Mexico City office's request to monitor Meneses showed that the U.S. government knew about his drug trafficking well before he began selling [[Cocaine]] in [[Los Angeles]] to fund the [[Contras]]. Despite this awareness, Meneses was never prosecuted and continued to operate freely in [[San Francisco]] and Los Angeles throughout the 1980s. The failure to act on the intelligence about Meneses, combined with his known role as a Contra political leader, raised questions about whether his connections to the U.S.-backed war protected him from law enforcement action.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Miami.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Miami.md index 971bb640..925e7c74 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Miami.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Miami.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ tags: - 1980s summary: Major South Florida city that became the center of the Nicaraguan exile community, a hub for Contra fundraising and cocaine trafficking, and Danilo Blandón's base after leaving Los Angeles. --- -Miami is a city in southern [[Florida]] that served as a major hub for both [[cocaine]] trafficking and [[Contras|Contra]] political activity during the 1980s.[^1] [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] moved to Miami from [[Los Angeles]] in 1987, investing his drug profits in a string of businesses and reconnecting with Nicaraguan exile networks.[^2] +Miami is a city in southern [[Florida]] that served as a major hub for both [[Cocaine]] trafficking and [[Contras|Contra]] political activity during the 1980s.[^1] [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] moved to Miami from [[Los Angeles]] in 1987, investing his drug profits in a string of businesses and reconnecting with Nicaraguan exile networks.[^2] ### Contra Political Center diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Moscow.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Moscow.md index cf9f9f70..7802917d 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Moscow.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Moscow.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Moscow is the capital and largest city of Russia, situated in the central Europe ### KGB Headquarters -The [[KGB]] was headquartered at the [[Lubyanka]], a building on Lubyanka Square in central Moscow that also housed the organization's internal prison. The Lubyanka was the administrative center of Soviet intelligence from 1920; the KGB's various predecessor organizations (Cheka, GPU, OGPU, NKVD, NKGB, MGB) were all headquartered at or adjacent to the same building. [[KGB]] operations directed from Moscow included: comprehensive programs to penetrate Western intelligence services (the Cambridge Five, Kim Philby, and others operated as Soviet assets); active measures campaigns to spread disinformation in Western media; and directorate operations that ran agents across Europe, the [[Middle East]], Africa, and the Americas.[^1] +The KGB was headquartered at the [[Lubyanka]], a building on Lubyanka Square in central Moscow that also housed the organization's internal prison. The Lubyanka was the administrative center of Soviet intelligence from 1920; the KGB's various predecessor organizations (Cheka, GPU, OGPU, NKVD, NKGB, MGB) were all headquartered at or adjacent to the same building. KGB operations directed from Moscow included: comprehensive programs to penetrate Western intelligence services (the Cambridge Five, Kim Philby, and others operated as Soviet assets); active measures campaigns to spread disinformation in Western media; and directorate operations that ran agents across Europe, the [[Middle East]], Africa, and the Americas.[^1] ### Embassy Row and Moscow Rules @@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ The American Embassy in Moscow, located on Tchaikovsky Street, was a primary KGB ### Mikhail Gorbachev and the End of the Cold War -Moscow's political evolution under Mikhail Gorbachev's glasnost and perestroika reforms (1985-1991) produced the conditions for the [[Cold War]]'s end. The Soviet coup attempt of August 19-22, 1991, launched against Gorbachev by hardliners, failed when military units refused orders to fire on protesters surrounding the Russian parliament ([[White House]]) building. The [[Soviet Union]] formally dissolved on December 25, 1991; Moscow became the capital of the Russian Federation. The KGB was dissolved and its functions distributed among successor agencies including the FSB (Federal Security Service) and SVR (Foreign Intelligence Service).[^1] +Moscow's political evolution under Mikhail Gorbachev's glasnost and perestroika reforms (1985-1991) produced the conditions for the Cold War's end. The Soviet coup attempt of August 19-22, 1991, launched against Gorbachev by hardliners, failed when military units refused orders to fire on protesters surrounding the Russian parliament ([[White House]]) building. The Soviet Union formally dissolved on December 25, 1991; Moscow became the capital of the Russian Federation. The KGB was dissolved and its functions distributed among successor agencies including the FSB (Federal Security Service) and SVR (Foreign Intelligence Service).[^1] ### STARGATE and Moscow Signal -Moscow is indirectly present in this vault's parapsychology subjects. The [[STARGATE PROJECT]]'s most significant early remote viewing test - [[Pat Price]]'s 1974 description of a Soviet military facility at Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan - was directed at Soviet military infrastructure. The [[Moscow Signal]] (the Soviet microwave irradiation of the U.S. Embassy in Moscow from 1953 to 1976) generated CIA research into the health and potential psychological effects of microwave radiation that intersected with the agency's broader interest in psychotronic research.[^2] +Moscow is indirectly present in this vault's parapsychology subjects. The [[Stargate Project]]'s most significant early remote viewing test - [[Pat Price]]'s 1974 description of a Soviet military facility at Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan - was directed at Soviet military infrastructure. The [[Moscow Signal]] (the Soviet microwave irradiation of the U.S. Embassy in Moscow from 1953 to 1976) generated CIA research into the health and potential psychological effects of microwave radiation that intersected with the agency's broader interest in psychotronic research.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/New Orleans.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/New Orleans.md index 79e0a9dd..ca7e1fbf 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/New Orleans.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/New Orleans.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: New Orleans served as a cocaine entry point for Contra-connected flights and was where Barry Seal was murdered by Colombian hit men in 1986. --- -New Orleans served as a [[cocaine]] entry point for Contra-connected flights and was where [[Central Intelligence Agency]]-[[DEA]] contract agent [[Barry Seal]] was murdered by Colombian hit men in 1986. The city's port and airfield infrastructure made it a key node in the Southern drug trafficking corridor that connected the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín Cartel]] to the [[Contras|Contra]] supply chain.[^1] +New Orleans served as a [[Cocaine]] entry point for Contra-connected flights and was where [[Central Intelligence Agency]]-[[DEA]] contract agent [[Barry Seal]] was murdered by Colombian hit men in 1986. The city's port and airfield infrastructure made it a key node in the Southern drug trafficking corridor that connected the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín Cartel]] to the [[Contras|Contra]] supply chain.[^1] ### Contra Cocaine Flights diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Pacifica, California.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Pacifica, California.md index ba6c8a31..6637e68c 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Pacifica, California.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Pacifica, California.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tags: summary: Pacifica, California was where Danilo Blandón settled after arriving in the United States, establishing his first base of operations near San Francisco. --- -Pacifica, [[California]] was where [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] settled after arriving in the [[United States]], establishing his first base of operations near [[San Francisco]]. The coastal city south of San Francisco became Blandón's initial home as he built the [[cocaine]] trafficking network that would eventually supply [[Ricky Ross|"Freeway" Ricky Ross]] and fuel the crack epidemic in [[Los Angeles]].[^1] +Pacifica, [[California]] was where [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]] settled after arriving in the [[United States]], establishing his first base of operations near [[San Francisco]]. The coastal city south of San Francisco became Blandón's initial home as he built the [[Cocaine]] trafficking network that would eventually supply [[Ricky Ross|"Freeway" Ricky Ross]] and fuel the crack epidemic in [[Los Angeles]].[^1] ### Blandón's First U.S. Home diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Panama City.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Panama City.md index 48d77373..b6696568 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Panama City.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Panama City.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Panama City was the operational center of Manuel Noriega's military dictatorship and a hub for cocaine trafficking and money laundering connected to the Contra war. --- -Panama City was the operational center of [[Manuel Noriega|Noriega]]'s military dictatorship and a hub for [[cocaine]] trafficking and money laundering connected to the Contra war. The Panamanian capital served as a financial center where drug money was washed clean and a transit point for narcotics flowing north from [[South America]].[^1] +Panama City was the operational center of [[Manuel Noriega|Noriega]]'s military dictatorship and a hub for [[Cocaine]] trafficking and money laundering connected to the Contra war. The Panamanian capital served as a financial center where drug money was washed clean and a transit point for narcotics flowing north from [[South America]].[^1] ### Drug Trafficking Hub diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Bernardino.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Bernardino.md index baa6b739..c5513f24 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Bernardino.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Bernardino.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: San Bernardino was a Southern California city where the Blandón-Meneses cocaine network distributed drugs, extending the Contra-connected trafficking operation beyond Los Angeles. --- -San Bernardino was a Southern [[California]] city where the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] [[cocaine]] network distributed drugs, extending the [[Contras|Contra]]-connected trafficking operation beyond [[Los Angeles]]. The city was part of the broader distribution network that moved Contra-connected cocaine throughout the Southland.[^1] +San Bernardino was a Southern [[California]] city where the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] [[Cocaine]] network distributed drugs, extending the [[Contras|Contra]]-connected trafficking operation beyond [[Los Angeles]]. The city was part of the broader distribution network that moved Contra-connected cocaine throughout the Southland.[^1] ### Distribution Network diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Francisco.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Francisco.md index 31dd739e..4a0fdc01 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Francisco.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Francisco.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ tags: summary: "Major California city that served as the base of operations for Norwin Meneses's cocaine trafficking network, the site of the Frogman Case, and the location of key DEA and FBI offices investigating Contra drug trafficking." location: "San Francisco, California" --- -San Francisco is a city in northern [[California]] that served as the primary base of operations for [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]]'s [[cocaine]] trafficking network on the U.S. West Coast from 1980 to 1984 and the location of key federal investigations into Contra drug dealing.[^1] +San Francisco is a city in northern [[California]] that served as the primary base of operations for [[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]]'s [[Cocaine]] trafficking network on the U.S. West Coast from 1980 to 1984 and the location of key federal investigations into Contra drug dealing.[^1] ### Meneses Operations diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Jose.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Jose.md index 884bf9a9..a0a10b03 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Jose.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Jose.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: San Jose, California was the home of the San Jose Mercury News, which published the Dark Alliance series, and a secondary market for Contra-connected cocaine distribution. --- -San Jose, [[California]] was the home of the [[San Jose Mercury News]], which published the [[Dark Alliance]] series, and a secondary market for Contra-connected [[cocaine]] distribution. The city appeared in the story both as a base for [[Gary Webb]]'s newspaper and as one of the communities affected by the Contra-drug pipeline.[^1] +San Jose, [[California]] was the home of the [[San Jose Mercury News]], which published the [[Dark Alliance]] series, and a secondary market for Contra-connected [[Cocaine]] distribution. The city appeared in the story both as a base for [[Gary Webb]]'s newspaper and as one of the communities affected by the Contra-drug pipeline.[^1] ### Cocaine Distribution diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Salvador.md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Salvador.md index b4f36254..631bb89d 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Salvador.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/San Salvador.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: San Salvador, the capital of El Salvador, hosted Ilopango Air Base, the central hub for CIA and Oliver North's Contra resupply operations and a key transshipment point for cocaine during the 1980s. --- -San Salvador, the capital of [[El Salvador]], hosted [[Ilopango Airbase]], the central hub for [[Central Intelligence Agency]] and [[Oliver North]]'s Contra resupply operations and a key transshipment point for [[cocaine]] during the 1980s. The base's Hangar No. 4 served as the operational center for both weapons shipments to the [[Contras|Contra]] army and return flights carrying narcotics into the [[United States]].[^1] +San Salvador, the capital of [[El Salvador]], hosted [[Ilopango Airbase]], the central hub for [[Central Intelligence Agency]] and [[Oliver North]]'s Contra resupply operations and a key transshipment point for [[Cocaine]] during the 1980s. The base's Hangar No. 4 served as the operational center for both weapons shipments to the [[Contras|Contra]] army and return flights carrying narcotics into the [[United States]].[^1] ### Ilopango Air Base diff --git a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Washington, D.C..md b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Washington, D.C..md index 5fd7b9dd..791b02bf 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Washington, D.C..md +++ b/60 - PLACES/CITIES/Washington, D.C..md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ The National Security Council, based in the [[White House]], became an operation ### Congressional Investigations -[[John Kerry]]'s Senate Subcommittee on Terrorism, Narcotics, and International Operations held hearings in 1987 and 1988 into links between the [[Contras]] and [[cocaine]] trafficking. Chief investigator [[Jack Blum]] detailed that narcotics were coming into the United States "not by the pound, not by the bag, but by the ton, by the cargo planeload." The [[State Department]] assured Congress that DEA had found no information indicating Contra members were involved in narcotics trafficking. CIA Inspector General [[Fred Hitz]] testified before Congress in March 1998 that the CIA had failed to cut off relationships with individuals supporting the Contra program who were alleged to have engaged in drug trafficking.[^4] +[[John Kerry]]'s Senate Subcommittee on Terrorism, Narcotics, and International Operations held hearings in 1987 and 1988 into links between the [[Contras]] and [[Cocaine]] trafficking. Chief investigator [[Jack Blum]] detailed that narcotics were coming into the United States "not by the pound, not by the bag, but by the ton, by the cargo planeload." The [[State Department]] assured Congress that DEA had found no information indicating Contra members were involved in narcotics trafficking. CIA Inspector General [[Fred Hitz]] testified before Congress in March 1998 that the CIA had failed to cut off relationships with individuals supporting the Contra program who were alleged to have engaged in drug trafficking.[^4] ### Footnotes diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Bahamas.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Bahamas.md index cd56f359..8dfe7bed 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Bahamas.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Bahamas.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: The Bahamas served as a refueling stop for cocaine flights moving from South America to the eastern United States, with drug cartels establishing island bases for their smuggling operations. --- -The Bahamas served as a refueling stop for [[cocaine]] flights moving from [[South America]] to the eastern [[United States]], with drug cartels establishing island bases for their smuggling operations. The island nation's location between [[Colombia]] and [[Florida]] made it a natural waypoint on the Caribbean drug corridor.[^1] +The Bahamas served as a refueling stop for [[Cocaine]] flights moving from [[South America]] to the eastern [[United States]], with drug cartels establishing island bases for their smuggling operations. The island nation's location between [[Colombia]] and [[Florida]] made it a natural waypoint on the Caribbean drug corridor.[^1] ### Cartel Operations diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Bolivia.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Bolivia.md index 0450ac9c..4362c469 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Bolivia.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Bolivia.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Bolivia was a primary source country for the cocaine that flowed through the Contra-connected trafficking networks, with the politically connected Suarez family supplying the Blandón-Meneses drug ring. --- -Bolivia was a primary source country for the [[cocaine]] that flowed through the [[Contras|Contra]]-connected trafficking networks, with the politically connected Suarez family supplying the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] drug ring. A 1990 [[DEA]] report stated that the ring was "a criminal organization that operates internationally from [[Colombia]] and Bolivia, through the [[Bahamas]], [[Costa Rica]], or [[Nicaragua]] to the [[United States]]." The Bolivian cocaine was coming into [[Miami]] before being distributed to the West Coast.[^1] +Bolivia was a primary source country for the [[Cocaine]] that flowed through the [[Contras|Contra]]-connected trafficking networks, with the politically connected Suarez family supplying the [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]-[[Norwin Meneses|Meneses]] drug ring. A 1990 [[DEA]] report stated that the ring was "a criminal organization that operates internationally from [[Colombia]] and Bolivia, through the [[Bahamas]], [[Costa Rica]], or [[Nicaragua]] to the [[United States]]." The Bolivian cocaine was coming into [[Miami]] before being distributed to the West Coast.[^1] ### The Suarez Connection diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/China.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/China.md index 565897be..5b747232 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/China.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/China.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ summary: "China is an East Asian country and major Cold War power whose nuclear --- [[China]] is a country in East Asia. During the Cold War, it was a significant player in global geopolitics, often viewed as a rival or potential ally by both the [[United States]] and the [[Soviet Union]].[^1] ### Nuclear Program -China's nuclear program was a subject of intense interest for U.S. intelligence. In the late summer of 1979, [[Mel Riley]] and [[Joe McMoneagle]], remote viewers from the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] program, successfully remote-viewed a new Chinese nuclear device at Lop Nor. Their descriptions, including an unusual hourglass-shaped design element, were later confirmed by U.S. weapons analysts, demonstrating the efficacy of remote viewing in intelligence gathering.[^1] +China's nuclear program was a subject of intense interest for U.S. intelligence. In the late summer of 1979, [[Mel Riley]] and [[Joe McMoneagle]], remote viewers from the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] program, successfully remote-viewed a new Chinese nuclear device at Lop Nor. Their descriptions, including an unusual hourglass-shaped design element, were later confirmed by U.S. weapons analysts, demonstrating the efficacy of remote viewing in intelligence gathering.[^1] ### Diplomatic Relations President [[Richard Nixon]]'s historic visit to China in 1972 marked a significant shift in U.S. foreign policy, opening relations between the two countries. However, intelligence concerns persisted. For example, the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] investigated the Chinese Embassy in a foreign capital, suspecting its basement communications office, and later tasked [[Pat Price]] to remote-view a Chinese consular building in Rome.[^1] diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Colombia.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Colombia.md index 71cc83e7..7a016716 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Colombia.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Colombia.md @@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ summary: "South American nation that was the world's primary source of cocaine d location: "South America" --- -Colombia is a country in [[South America]] that was the world's primary source of [[cocaine]] during the 1980s and has been profoundly shaped by drug trafficking, particularly through the operations of the [[Cali Drug Cartel]] and the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín cartel]]. Colombian drug cartels supplied the cocaine that flowed through [[Norwin Meneses]]'s and [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s trafficking networks in [[Los Angeles]] and [[San Francisco]].[^1][^3] +Colombia is a country in [[South America]] that was the world's primary source of [[Cocaine]] during the 1980s and has been profoundly shaped by drug trafficking, particularly through the operations of the [[Cali Drug Cartel]] and the [[Medellin Cartel|Medellín cartel]]. Colombian drug cartels supplied the cocaine that flowed through [[Norwin Meneses]]'s and [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s trafficking networks in [[Los Angeles]] and [[San Francisco]].[^1][^3] ### Drug Trafficking and Political Influence -The [[Cali Drug Cartel]], led by figures like [[Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela|Gilberto Rodriguez]] and [[Jose Santacruz Londono|Jose Londono]], controlled a vast portion of the world's cocaine trade. The cartel's influence extended to the highest levels of Colombian government, with allegations that the newly elected president, [[Ernesto Samper Pizano]], accepted $3.7 million in campaign funds from [[Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela]], effectively aligning him with the drug lords.[^1] +The Cali Drug Cartel, led by figures like [[Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela|Gilberto Rodriguez]] and [[Jose Santacruz Londono|Jose Londono]], controlled a vast portion of the world's cocaine trade. The cartel's influence extended to the highest levels of Colombian government, with allegations that the newly elected president, [[Ernesto Samper Pizano]], accepted $3.7 million in campaign funds from Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela, effectively aligning him with the drug lords.[^1] -[[Michael Abbell]], a former [[Department of Justice|U.S. Department of Justice]] official, was indicted for laundering money for the [[Cali Drug Cartel]]. Surveillance reports indicated his frequent visits to [[Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela]]'s home in Bogota, [[Colombia]]. The law firm of Kaplan, Russin and Becchi, where Abbell worked after leaving the [[Department of Justice|DOJ]], had offices in Bogota.[^1] +[[Michael Abbell]], a former [[Department of Justice|U.S. Department of Justice]] official, was indicted for laundering money for the Cali Drug Cartel. Surveillance reports indicated his frequent visits to Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela's home in Bogota, [[Colombia]]. The law firm of Kaplan, Russin and Becchi, where Abbell worked after leaving the DOJ, had offices in Bogota.[^1] [[Michael Riconosciuto]] claimed that [[Robert Booth Nichols]] paid Abbell to "crowbar" the extradition of Cali Cartel leaders, as they were considered "intelligence people." This suggests a complex interplay between drug trafficking, intelligence operations, and political influence within Colombia.[^1] @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Cocaine arrived in the United States through multiple routes controlled by Colom ### Financial Operations -[[Michael Riconosciuto]] also mentioned the "[[Workers Bank]]" in [[Colombia]] in the context of money laundering operations for the [[Wackenhut Corporation|Wackenhut]] people. He claimed to have set up "virtual dead-drops" for this bank, a method to circumvent ACH reconciliations on a daily basis, indicating sophisticated financial illicit activities originating from or passing through Colombia.[^1] +Michael Riconosciuto also mentioned the "[[Workers Bank]]" in Colombia in the context of money laundering operations for the [[Wackenhut Corporation|Wackenhut]] people. He claimed to have set up "virtual dead-drops" for this bank, a method to circumvent ACH reconciliations on a daily basis, indicating sophisticated financial illicit activities originating from or passing through Colombia.[^1] --- ### Footnotes diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Costa Rica.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Costa Rica.md index 216f3c50..bdbaef57 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Costa Rica.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Costa Rica.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ tags: summary: "Central American nation bordering Nicaragua that served as the primary base for the Southern Front Contra operations, the site of Norwin Meneses's drug empire, and the location of CIA operative John Hull's ranch." location: "Central America" --- -Costa Rica is a [[Central America|Central American]] nation bordering [[Nicaragua]] to the south that served as the primary operational base for the Southern Front [[Contras]] during the 1980s.[^1] The country's northern region, adjacent to the Nicaraguan border, became a hub for [[cocaine]] trafficking, arms smuggling, and covert operations involving the [[Central Intelligence Agency]], [[DEA]], and Contra forces.[^2] +Costa Rica is a [[Central America|Central American]] nation bordering [[Nicaragua]] to the south that served as the primary operational base for the Southern Front [[Contras]] during the 1980s.[^1] The country's northern region, adjacent to the Nicaraguan border, became a hub for [[Cocaine]] trafficking, arms smuggling, and covert operations involving the [[Central Intelligence Agency]], [[DEA]], and Contra forces.[^2] ### Contra Southern Front diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Ecuador.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Ecuador.md index ff7ae7b8..8f054319 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Ecuador.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Ecuador.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Ecuador was a South American country affected by the cocaine paste smoking epidemic that spread from Peru and Bolivia in the 1970s, part of the broader Andean drug production zone. --- -Ecuador was a [[South America]]n country affected by the [[cocaine]] paste smoking epidemic that spread from [[Peru]] and [[Bolivia]] in the 1970s, part of the broader Andean drug production zone. The epidemic that began in [[Lima]]'s fashionable neighborhoods in 1974 spread to other major Peruvian cities and then to Ecuador and Bolivia, demonstrating the addictive potential of smokable cocaine forms before crack appeared in the [[United States]].[^1] +Ecuador was a [[South America]]n country affected by the [[Cocaine]] paste smoking epidemic that spread from [[Peru]] and [[Bolivia]] in the 1970s, part of the broader Andean drug production zone. The epidemic that began in [[Lima]]'s fashionable neighborhoods in 1974 spread to other major Peruvian cities and then to Ecuador and Bolivia, demonstrating the addictive potential of smokable cocaine forms before crack appeared in the [[United States]].[^1] ### The Andean Production Zone diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Haiti.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Haiti.md index 6703f0e0..5a20f8cd 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Haiti.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Haiti.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Haiti was where [[George Morales]] kept a C-47 cargo plane that he donated to th ### Caribbean Trafficking Routes -Haiti's location in the [[Caribbean]] made it part of the broader network of airfields and transit points used for moving weapons and [[cocaine]] between [[South America]], [[Central America]], and the [[United States]]. Morales's use of a plane stored in Haiti for Contra operations illustrated how the covert war's logistics infrastructure extended throughout the Caribbean basin, overlapping with established drug trafficking routes.[^2] +Haiti's location in the [[Caribbean]] made it part of the broader network of airfields and transit points used for moving weapons and [[Cocaine]] between [[South America]], [[Central America]], and the [[United States]]. Morales's use of a plane stored in Haiti for Contra operations illustrated how the covert war's logistics infrastructure extended throughout the Caribbean basin, overlapping with established drug trafficking routes.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Iran.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Iran.md index 102e42b4..6636326d 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Iran.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Iran.md @@ -1,17 +1,52 @@ --- category: "Country" tags: - - event - - contra-war -summary: The Iran-Contra scandal erupted in November 1986 when it was revealed that the Reagan administration had sold missiles to Iran and diverted the profits to fund the Contra war in violation of congressional prohibitions. + - Country + - MiddleEast + - IranContra + - OctoberSurprise + - ArmsTrade +summary: "Middle Eastern state whose 1953 coup, Israeli-trained secret police, 1979 revolution and hostage crisis, and wartime arms purchases underlie the October Surprise and Iran-Contra affairs." +created: 2026-05-13 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -The [[Iran-Contra Affair|Iran-Contra scandal]] erupted in November 1986 when it was revealed that the [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] administration had sold missiles to [[Iran]] and diverted the profits to fund the [[Contras|Contra]] war in violation of congressional prohibitions. The scandal exposed the [[National Security Council]]'s illegal covert operations and implicated senior officials including [[Oliver North]].[^1] -### The Scandal Breaks +### The Shah -The same morning that [[Ricky Ross]]'s money launderer was writing to the IRS about Blandón's drug operations, President Ronald Reagan and Attorney General Edwin Meese were announcing to reporters that millions of dollars from missile sales to the Iranian government had been illegally diverted to the Contras. The Iran-Contra scandal was "bursting open at the seams," and suddenly the strange papers found in [[Danilo Blandon|Blandón]]'s and [[Ronald Lister|Ron Lister]]'s houses during earlier raids took on new significance. The crash of a C-123K cargo plane over [[Nicaragua]] in October 1986, which had been based at Ilopango Air Base in [[San Salvador]], broke the scandal wide open.[^2] +In August 1953 the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] under [[Allen Dulles]], working with British intelligence, carried out [[Operation AJAX]], the coup that overthrew Prime Minister [[Mohammad Mosaddegh]] and restored [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] to full power; according to [[Ari Ben-Menashe]], [[Miles Copeland]] helped [[Kim Roosevelt|Kermit Roosevelt]] and the Iranian military restore the Shah.[^1][^2] The Shah's internal security service, [[SAVAK]], was established in March 1957 with organizational help from the CIA and the [[Mossad]], which kept a close liaison with it from the mid-1950s; SAVAK watched Iranian students and dissidents abroad, including in the [[United States]].[^3] [[Yaacov Nimrodi]] was Israel's military attaché in [[Tehran]] from 1955 to 1968, and [[Richard Helms]] was sent there as American ambassador in February 1973 after leaving the CIA.[^4][^5] With the intelligence services of [[France]], [[Saudi Arabia]], [[Egypt]] and [[Morocco]], SAVAK belonged to the [[Safari Club]] of the 1970s.[^6] + +### Revolution and Hostages + +The Shah left Iran on January 16, 1979, and [[Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini]] returned on February 1; the Islamic Republic was declared on April 1. According to Ben-Menashe, the CIA and SAVAK had asked for Israeli help in December 1978 with a plan to assassinate Khomeini, which the Shah rejected.[^2][^7] On November 4, 1979, students seized the American embassy in Tehran; fifty-two Americans were held for 444 days. During the crisis the CIA and the Pentagon tasked remote viewers hundreds of times on the hostages' whereabouts.[^8][^9] In April 1980 the rescue attempt, [[Operation Eagle Claw]], which [[Richard Secord]] helped plan, ended at the Desert One staging area with eight Americans dead.[^10] + +### October Surprise + +[[Gary Sick]], the [[National Security Council]]'s Iran officer under Ford, Carter and Reagan, alleged in 1991 that the Reagan campaign had negotiated with Iranian representatives to hold the hostages until after the election of November 4, 1980, in exchange for the release of frozen assets and arms through [[Israel]]. In his account the brothers [[Cyrus Hashemi|Cyrus]] and [[Jamshid Hashemi]] arranged meetings in [[Madrid]] in late July 1980 between [[William J. Casey|William Casey]], the campaign manager, and the cleric [[Mehdi Karrubi]]; former French intelligence chief [[Alexandre de Marenches]], through his biographer's sworn testimony, said he arranged meetings between Casey and Iranians in Paris in October 1980. The hostages were freed on January 20, 1981, the day of Reagan's inauguration, and Nimrodi sold Iran's defense ministry Hawk missiles worth 135.8 million dollars that year.[^8] The [[House October Surprise Task Force]] rejected the allegation in January 1993; a Russian intelligence report stating that "William Casey, in 1980, met three times with representatives of the Iranian leadership" reached the task force after it had closed its inquiry, and was later found by [[Robert Parry]] in its files. A Senate inquiry found that Casey had run "potentially dangerous" efforts to collect intelligence on Carter's negotiations.[^11][^12] In 2023 the former Texas House speaker [[Ben Barnes]] said he had accompanied [[John Connally]] on a [[Middle East]] tour in the summer of 1980 on which Connally told Arab leaders to advise Iran to wait for Reagan.[^13] + +### The War with Iraq + +[[Saddam Hussein]]'s [[Iraq]] invaded Iran on September 22, 1980; the war ended with Iran's acceptance of Security Council Resolution 598 on July 20, 1988. From about 1982 the Reagan administration tilted toward Iraq, and the CIA supplied it with satellite imagery of Iranian positions while American intelligence tracked Iraq's use of chemical weapons against Iranian troops.[^14] Israel supplied Iran throughout: according to Ben-Menashe, Prime Minister [[Menachem Begin]] formed the [[Iran-Israel Joint Committee]] in the fall of 1980 to run the trade, and the defense minister, Colonel [[Mohammed Jalali]], met [[Robert Gates]] in Kansas City in July 1987 for assurances that supply would continue.[^7] + +### Iran-Contra + +The arms-for-hostages channel of the [[Iran-Contra Affair]] opened in August 1985 with 96 [[TOW Missile|TOW]] missiles shipped from Israeli stocks through Nimrodi, [[David Kimche]] and [[Al Schwimmer]], with [[Manucher Ghorbanifar]] as the Iranian intermediary and [[Adnan Khashoggi]] providing bridge loans. [[Oliver North]] brought in Secord and [[Albert Hakim]], an Iranian-born dealer who had sold defense goods to the Shah's government, to run [[The Enterprise (Iran-Contra)|the Enterprise]], which marked up the weapons and took about 48 million dollars from the sales; about 2,000 TOW missiles reached Iran in all. In October 1986 Hakim negotiated in Geneva with a relative of [[Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]], speaker of the parliament, a nine-point plan that went beyond anything the [[White House]] had authorized.[^10][^15] On November 3, 1986, the Lebanese magazine *Al-Shiraa* published the arms sales, and the next day Rafsanjani described to parliament the visit of [[Robert McFarlane]] and North to Tehran that May with a Bible signed by Reagan.[^10] + +The [[Hashemi Sting]] of 1985 and 1986, a [[U.S. Customs]] and [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] operation run with the office of [[Rudolph Giuliani]], used Cyrus Hashemi, himself indicted in 1984 for arms sales to Iran, as its informant against dealers selling to Iran while the government's own sales were under way. He died suddenly after his role became known to those he had helped entrap; no inquiry concluded that there was foul play.[^12][^7] ### Footnotes -[^1]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Ch. 21. -[^2]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998. Ch. 21. +[^1]: Kinzer, Stephen. *The Brothers: John Foster Dulles, Allen Dulles, and Their Secret World War.* Times Books, 2013; Grose, Peter. *Gentleman Spy: The Life of Allen Dulles.* Houghton Mifflin, 1994. +[^2]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network.* Sheridan Square Press, 1992. +[^3]: "SAVAK," *Encyclopaedia Britannica.* https://www.britannica.com/topic/SAVAK ; Risen, James. *State of War: The Secret History of the CIA and the Bush Administration.* Free Press, 2006. +[^4]: "Yaakov Nimrodi," obituaries, July 2016, as cited on the linked page. +[^5]: Powers, Thomas. *The Man Who Kept the Secrets: Richard Helms and the CIA.* Knopf, 1979. +[^6]: Trento, Joseph J. *Prelude to Terror: The Rogue CIA and the Legacy of America's Private Intelligence Network.* Carroll and Graf, 2005. +[^7]: Ben-Menashe, *Profits of War*. Sole source for the December 1978 plan, the Joint Committee and the Jalali meeting. +[^8]: Sick, Gary. *October Surprise: America's Hostages in Iran and the Election of Ronald Reagan.* Times Books, 1991. +[^9]: Schnabel, Jim. *Remote Viewers: The Secret History of America's Psychic Spies.* Dell, 1997. +[^10]: Walsh, Lawrence E. *Final Report of the Independent Counsel for Iran/Contra Matters.* 1993; Walsh, Lawrence E. *Firewall: The Iran-Contra Conspiracy and Cover-Up.* Norton, 1997; Secord, Richard, with Jay Wurts. *Honored and Betrayed.* Wiley, 1992. +[^11]: "Probe by House finds no 'October surprise,'" *The Baltimore Sun,* January 13, 1993. https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1993-01-13-1993013111-story.html +[^12]: Parry, Robert. *Trick or Treason: The October Surprise Mystery.* Sheridan Square Press, 1993. +[^13]: Unger, Craig. *Den of Spies.* 2024; Barnes, Ben, interview, *The New York Times,* March 2023. +[^14]: Friedman, Alan. *Spider's Web: The Secret History of How the White House Illegally Armed Iraq.* Bantam, 1993. +[^15]: U.S. Congress, Joint Committees on Iran-Contra. *Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran-Contra Affair.* 100th Congress, 1st Session, 1987. diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Israel.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Israel.md index deb571bb..83618228 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Israel.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Israel.md @@ -1,16 +1,64 @@ ---- -created: 2025-07-22 -updated: 2026-05-17 -title: Israel -tags: - - Organization - - Government - - Country - - Middle East - - Intelligence -description: The State of Israel, a country in the Middle East. It has been connected to various intelligence and psychic research activities. +--- category: "Country" -summary: "Israel is a Middle Eastern state whose intelligence agencies (Mossad, Shin Bet, Aman), nuclear weapons program, and political relationships with U.S. intelligence and the American Jewish community are central subjects of this vault." +tags: + - Country + - MiddleEast + - Intelligence + - NuclearWeapons + - ArmsTrade +summary: "Middle Eastern state whose undeclared nuclear arsenal, intelligence operations in the United States, covert arms sales to Iran and Latin America, and surveillance-technology industry run through much of this vault." +created: 2025-07-22 +updated: 2026-09-22 --- -The State of [[Israel]] is a country in the [[Middle East]]. It has been connected to various intelligence and psychic research activities, notably through figures like [[Uri Geller]] and its intelligence agency, [[Mossad]]. +The State of [[Israel]] was established in 1948. Its intelligence services are the [[Mossad]] (foreign intelligence), [[Shin Bet]] (internal security) and military intelligence, [[Aman]], whose signals arm is [[Unit 8200]]; a fourth agency under the defense ministry, the Science Liaison Bureau, [[LAKAM]], collected technical information abroad until the [[Jonathan Pollard]] case of 1985.[^1][^2] + +### Nuclear Weapons + +The chemist [[Ernst David Bergmann]], director of the chemistry division of the [[Weizmann Institute of Science]], chaired the Israeli [[Atomic Energy Commission]] from its founding in 1952; the commission sat under the defense ministry and [[Shimon Peres]]. [[France]] supplied the reactor and the underground reprocessing plant at [[Dimona]] after the [[Suez Crisis]] of 1956, in which Israel attacked [[Egypt]] in concert with France and [[United Kingdom|Britain]] and was forced by [[Dwight D. Eisenhower|Eisenhower]] to withdraw. Senior figures of the ruling [[Mapai Party]], among them [[Levi Eshkol]] and [[Pinhas Lavon]], opposed the program on grounds of cost. By 1968 [[Moshe Dayan]] had moved Dimona into full production without a formal cabinet decision.[^1] + +In the first days of the [[Yom Kippur War]] of October 1973 the leadership under [[Golda Meir]] and Dayan armed and targeted the arsenal and informed [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]], a step that also served to force an American resupply of the army.[^1] In 1986 the Dimona technician [[Mordecai Vanunu]] gave photographs of the plant's underground production units to the *[[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]]*; they gave American analysts their first extensive evidence of an Israeli capacity for thermonuclear weapons. Vanunu was lured from [[London]] to [[Rome]] by a woman working for the Mossad, [[Cindy Hanin Bentov]], drugged, and taken to Israel by ship for trial.[^1][^3] + +### What Washington Knew + +The [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]'s photographic interpreters [[Arthur C. Lundahl]] and [[Dino A. Brugioni]] saw the first signs of the Dimona reactor on [[U-2]] imagery and had no doubt by the end of 1959 that Israel was pursuing a bomb. [[John F. Kennedy]] demanded inspections of Dimona and in 1962 authorized the first sale of [[United States|American]] weapons to Israel, [[HAWK missile|Hawk]] missiles, linked to Israel's consent to inspection visits that Israel controlled. Ambassador [[Walworth Barbour]], in [[Tel Aviv]] from 1961 to 1973, ordered his staff after the [[Six-Day War]] to stop reporting on nuclear weapons, told an intelligence briefer "Gentlemen, I don't believe a word of it," and after retiring joined the board of the American branch of [[Bank Leumi]]. [[Carl E. Duckett]], whose CIA [[Office of Science and Technology]] received the intelligence on the program, concluded in 1968 that Israel had three or four bombs; [[Lyndon B. Johnson|Johnson]] had the estimate buried. The estimate rested in part on the suspicion that [[Zalman Mordecai Shapiro]] of the [[Nuclear Materials and Equipment Corporation]] had diverted more than two hundred pounds of enriched uranium to Israel; the [[Jimmy Carter|Carter]] [[White House]] announced in 1977 that investigations had "failed to reveal" a diversion.[^1] During the Six-Day War, on June 8, 1967, Israeli forces attacked the American intelligence ship [[USS Liberty Incident|USS Liberty]], and Barbour urged Washington to play the incident down.[^1] + +### Intelligence Operations in the United States + +[[James Jesus Angleton]] ran the CIA's liaison with Israeli intelligence under the cryptonym [[KK MOUNTAIN]], its channel for the text of [[Nikita Khrushchev]]'s 1956 "secret speech." [[Richard Helms]] told his deputies that he believed Israel was "an open pipeline for pumping intelligence to Moscow."[^4][^5] After the [[Osirak bombing]] of June 7, 1981, [[William J. Casey|William Casey]] ordered a review that found Israel had used its [[KH-11]] satellite-sharing arrangement to obtain coverage of western Russia and Moscow.[^1] + +[[Rafael Eitan]], head of LAKAM, recruited Pollard, a [[U.S. Navy|Navy]] intelligence analyst, in October 1981 according to [[Seymour Hersh]], three years earlier than Pollard and the government admitted; material from LAKAM reached Israeli intelligence in such volume that a code name, JUMBO, was added to its markings. Pollard's handler from 1984, the Air Force colonel [[Aviem Sella]], was indicted in the United States in 1987; Israel refused his extradition, promoted him and gave Eitan a senior post at the [[Israel Chemicals Company]]. Israel retained [[Leonard Garment]] to represent Sella; Garment withdrew, saying he was not sure whether his client was Sella or the Israeli government.[^1] Eitan is also the figure alleged to have obtained the [[PROMIS]] case-management software from the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] in 1983 and to have had it fitted with a hidden access point; the Justice Department's memoranda record only the delivery of a public-domain version to a "Dr. Ben Orr, a representative of the Government of Israel."[^6][^7] + +### Arms to Iran + +Israel sold arms to [[Iran]] after the revolution of 1979. [[Yaacov Nimrodi]], military attaché in [[Tehran]] from 1955 to 1968, sold the Iranian defense ministry Hawk missiles worth 135.8 million dollars in 1981; with [[David Kimche]] and [[Al Schwimmer]] he managed the first shipment of the [[Iran-Contra Affair|Iran-Contra]] channel, 96 [[TOW Missile|TOW]] missiles from Israeli stocks in August 1985.[^8][^9] According to [[Ari Ben-Menashe]], Prime Minister [[Menachem Begin]] had a committee formed in the fall of 1980, the [[Iran-Israel Joint Committee]], to supply Iran in its war with [[Iraq]], financed from its own profits through the [[Ora Group]], with funds held at [[Drexel Burnham]]; the Justice Department's 1994 review of the [[PROMIS Software Scandal]] recorded the broker [[John A. Belton]]'s description, given without documents, of Ora as "the Israeli half of a multi-billion dollar slush fund."[^2][^7] Ben-Menashe's account of Israeli participation in the [[October Surprise]] was rejected by the [[House October Surprise Task Force]] in its report of January 3, 1993, which described his testimony as lacking credibility.[^2][^10] + +### Latin America and Southern Africa + +The former Mossad officer [[Mike Harari]] was named by [[Jose Blandon|José Blandón]] before the [[United States Senate|Senate]] in February 1988 as the head of a network supplying arms to [[Central America]] and the [[Contras]] from [[Panama]], whose aircraft returned with drugs; the Israeli embassy said he acted "as a private citizen."[^11] According to Ben-Menashe, the arms company [[Eagle]] sold weapons to the [[Guatemala|Guatemalan]] military with Harari and [[Pesach Ben-Or]], [[Alfredo Stroessner]]'s [[Paraguay]] served as a conduit for materiel from [[South Africa]] to Dimona, and the [[South African Defense Force]] signed the mutual wartime agreement [[SIMWA]] with the [[Israel Defense Forces]] and invested in the nuclear program.[^2] + +### Maxwell and Vanunu + +[[Robert Maxwell]], owner of the *[[Daily Mirror]]*, controlled the Israeli computer company [[Degem]]. Hersh alleged in October 1991 that Maxwell and his foreign editor [[Nicholas Davies]] had links to Israeli intelligence and that Maxwell had relayed information to the Israeli embassy in London that led to Vanunu's capture; Maxwell called the claim a total invention. He died the following month and was buried on the [[Mount of Olives]] in the presence of the president, the prime minister and serving and former intelligence chiefs.[^1][^12] + +### Surveillance Technology + +Unit 8200 is the recruiting ground of the Israeli private surveillance industry; the founders of the spyware maker [[NSO Group]] are its alumni.[^13] In 2015 the former prime minister [[Ehud Barak]] arranged an investment of about one million dollars by [[Jeffrey Epstein]] in Reporty, later [[Carbyne]], which also had backing from [[Peter Thiel]]'s [[Founders Fund]].[^14] On January 12, 2024, [[Palantir Technologies]] announced "a strategic partnership with the Israeli Ministry of Defense to supply Palantir technology to help the country's war effort."[^15] + +### Footnotes + +[^1]: Hersh, Seymour M. *The Samson Option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy.* Random House, 1991: chapters 2, 3 and 5 (Bergmann, Suez, Dimona), 4, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 16 and 18 (U-2 imagery, Kennedy, Barbour, Duckett, Shapiro, the Liberty), 17 (the Yom Kippur War), 1 (Osirak and the KH-11 review), 21 and 22 (Pollard, Eitan, Sella, Garment), and pp. 313-314 (Vanunu). +[^2]: Ben-Menashe, Ari. *Profits of War: Inside the Secret U.S.-Israeli Arms Network.* Sheridan Square Press, 1992. Sole source for the Joint Committee, Eagle, Paraguay and SIMWA passages. +[^3]: Cohen, Yoel. *The Whistleblower of Dimona: Israel, Vanunu, and the Bomb.* Holmes and Meier, 2003. +[^4]: Mangold, Tom. *Cold Warrior: James Jesus Angleton, the CIA's Master Spy Hunter.* Simon and Schuster, 1991, as cited on the Angleton page, whose KK MOUNTAIN passages carry no specific page citation. +[^5]: Powers, Thomas. *The Man Who Kept the Secrets: Richard Helms and the CIA.* Knopf, 1979. +[^6]: Thomas, Gordon. *Gideon's Spies: The Secret History of the Mossad.* St. Martin's Press, 1999. +[^7]: U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary. *The INSLAW Affair,* H. Rept. 102-857, September 10, 1992, reproducing the memoranda of Jack Rugh of May 6 and 12, 1983; U.S. Department of Justice, *Report on the Review of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua's Report,* September 27, 1994. +[^8]: Sick, Gary. *October Surprise: America's Hostages in Iran and the Election of Ronald Reagan.* Times Books, 1991. +[^9]: Walsh, Lawrence E. *Final Report of the Independent Counsel for Iran/Contra Matters.* 1993. +[^10]: "Probe by House finds no 'October surprise,'" *The Baltimore Sun,* January 13, 1993. https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1993-01-13-1993013111-story.html +[^11]: "Ex-agent of the Mossad Implicated in Drug Deals with Panamanian," *Jewish Telegraphic Agency,* February 1988. https://www.jta.org/archive/ex-agent-of-the-mossad-implicated-in-drug-deals-with-panamanian +[^12]: "Media Baron Sues Seymour Hersh," *The Washington Post,* October 25, 1991. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1991/10/25/media-baron-sues-seymour-hersh/c16c29e2-04ba-4038-9fff-08113fa33b77/ ; "Maxwell, Colossus Even in Death, Laid to Rest on Mount of Olives," *Jewish Telegraphic Agency,* 1991. https://www.jta.org/archive/maxwell-colossus-even-in-death-laid-to-rest-on-mount-of-olives +[^13]: "Where NSO Group Came From and Why It's Just the Tip of the Iceberg," OCCRP. https://www.occrp.org/en/project/the-pegasus-project +[^14]: Brewster, Thomas. "Epstein Could Have Made $100 Million On A Secret Police Tech Investment With Ehud Barak." *Forbes,* February 2026. +[^15]: "Palantir, Israel Agree Strategic Partnership for Battle Tech." *Bloomberg,* January 12, 2024. diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Libya.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Libya.md index 48c80f3d..b0d04b82 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Libya.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Libya.md @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ In April 1984, a gunman inside the Libyan People's Bureau (embassy) in London fi ### PROMIS Connection -[[Angela Dellafiora]], the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] analyst working in the [[STARGATE PROJECT]] remote viewing program, reportedly described a Libyan chemical weapons facility in a remote viewing session. More directly, Libya was among the countries to which [[PROMIS]] software was allegedly distributed in a backdoor-equipped version, according to accounts from [[Ari Ben-Menashe]] and [[Michael Riconosciuto]]. Libyan intelligence's use of PROMIS-derived case management software would have given U.S. and Israeli intelligence access to Libyan operations.[^3] +[[Angela Dellafiora]], the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]] analyst working in the [[Stargate Project]] remote viewing program, reportedly described a Libyan chemical weapons facility in a remote viewing session. More directly, Libya was among the countries to which [[PROMIS]] software was allegedly distributed in a backdoor-equipped version, according to accounts from [[Ari Ben-Menashe]] and [[Michael Riconosciuto]]. Libyan intelligence's use of PROMIS-derived case management software would have given U.S. and Israeli intelligence access to Libyan operations.[^3] ### Lockerbie diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Mexico.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Mexico.md index aacaec30..60adf983 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Mexico.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Mexico.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Mexico served as a transit country for cocaine shipments and a base for CIA weapons manufacturing operations supporting the Contra war during the 1980s. --- -Mexico served as a transit country for [[cocaine]] shipments and a base for [[Central Intelligence Agency]] weapons manufacturing operations supporting the Contra war during the 1980s. The country's proximity to the [[United States]] and its established drug trafficking infrastructure made it a natural corridor for moving narcotics northward and weapons southward.[^1] +Mexico served as a transit country for [[Cocaine]] shipments and a base for [[Central Intelligence Agency]] weapons manufacturing operations supporting the Contra war during the 1980s. The country's proximity to the [[United States]] and its established drug trafficking infrastructure made it a natural corridor for moving narcotics northward and weapons southward.[^1] ### CIA Operations in Mexico diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Peru.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Peru.md index 12a37802..749f127b 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Peru.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Peru.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Peru was the [[South America]]n country where smoking coca paste originated in t ### Origins of Cocaine Smoking -In Peru and Bolivia, users began smoking coca paste (the intermediate product in cocaine refining) in the mid-1970s. Peruvian police psychiatrist Raul Jeri documented a cocaine "epidemic" that swept through [[Lima]]'s fashionable neighborhoods in 1974 and spread to other major Peruvian cities and then to [[Ecuador]] and Bolivia. The Peruvian experience demonstrated the addictive potential of smokable cocaine forms years before crack appeared in American cities. The [[cocaine]] flowing through Contra-connected networks originated in this Andean production zone before being refined and shipped north.[^2] +In Peru and Bolivia, users began smoking coca paste (the intermediate product in cocaine refining) in the mid-1970s. Peruvian police psychiatrist Raul Jeri documented a cocaine "epidemic" that swept through [[Lima]]'s fashionable neighborhoods in 1974 and spread to other major Peruvian cities and then to [[Ecuador]] and Bolivia. The Peruvian experience demonstrated the addictive potential of smokable cocaine forms years before crack appeared in American cities. The [[Cocaine]] flowing through Contra-connected networks originated in this Andean production zone before being refined and shipped north.[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Russia.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Russia.md index a9b84f40..a524a5ce 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Russia.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Russia.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Russia (the Russian Federation) is the world's largest country by area, spanning ### Post-Soviet Intelligence Agencies The [[KGB]] (Committee for State Security) was dissolved following the August 1991 coup attempt and formally abolished in November 1991. Its successor agencies included: -- [[FSB]] (Federal Security Service, Federalnaya Sluzhba Bezopasnosti) - domestic counterintelligence and internal security, headquartered at the [[Lubyanka]] in [[Moscow]] +- [[FSB]] (Federal Security Service, Federalnaya Sluzhba Bezopasnosti) - domestic counterintelligence and internal security, headquartered at the [[Lubyanka]] in Moscow - [[SVR]] (Foreign Intelligence Service, Sluzhba Vneshney Razvedki) - foreign intelligence, headquartered at Yasenevo in Moscow - [[GRU]] (Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff) - military intelligence, which survived the Soviet collapse organizationally intact - [[FSO]] (Federal Protective Service) - protection of senior officials @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ The FSB under Vladimir Putin's directorship (1998-1999) became the institutional ### Relevance to Vault Subjects Russia appears throughout this vault as the origin or target of the intelligence operations it documents: -- The [[Cold War]] and the [[Soviet Union]]'s intelligence programs generated the American intelligence bureaucracy, including the CIA's parapsychology research programs ([[STARGATE PROJECT]]) that monitored Soviet "psychotronics" research +- The [[Cold War]] and the Soviet Union's intelligence programs generated the American intelligence bureaucracy, including the CIA's parapsychology research programs ([[Stargate Project]]) that monitored Soviet "psychotronics" research - The [[Gehlen Organization]]'s early Cold War intelligence on the Soviet military was provided to the CIA in exchange for protection of former Nazi intelligence personnel - Robert Maxwell's claimed intelligence connections involved Soviet-era KGB contacts alongside [[Mossad]] relationships - Russian organized crime organizations that emerged from the Soviet collapse became entangled with [[BCCI]]-era financial networks in the post-1991 period[^1] diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Saudi Arabia.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Saudi Arabia.md index 02b8e0c3..3f02c907 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Saudi Arabia.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Saudi Arabia.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Saudi Arabia was a source of funding for the Contra war that supplemented the cocaine trafficking proceeds and Oliver North's illegal arms sales to Iran. --- -Saudi Arabia was a source of funding for the [[Contras|Contra]] war that supplemented the [[cocaine]] trafficking proceeds and [[Oliver North]]'s illegal arms sales to [[Iran]]. The Saudi government contributed millions to the Contra cause at the [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] administration's request, part of the parallel funding streams that kept the war alive after Congress cut off official aid.[^1] +Saudi Arabia was a source of funding for the [[Contras|Contra]] war that supplemented the [[Cocaine]] trafficking proceeds and [[Oliver North]]'s illegal arms sales to [[Iran]]. The Saudi government contributed millions to the Contra cause at the [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] administration's request, part of the parallel funding streams that kept the war alive after Congress cut off official aid.[^1] ### Third-Party Funding diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Soviet Union.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Soviet Union.md index c8e9318b..48d0cf99 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Soviet Union.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/Soviet Union.md @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ U.S. intelligence agencies, including the [[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]], e ### Targets of U.S. Remote Viewing -The Soviet Union and its military installations were frequent targets for U.S. remote viewing programs, including the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]] unit. Notable successes included [[Joe McMoneagle]]'s remote viewing of a Soviet Typhoon-class submarine under construction and a Soviet surveillance bug in a U.S. embassy.[^1] +The Soviet Union and its military installations were frequent targets for U.S. remote viewing programs, including the [[Stargate Project|Grill Flame]] unit. Notable successes included [[Joe McMoneagle]]'s remote viewing of a Soviet Typhoon-class submarine under construction and a Soviet surveillance bug in a U.S. embassy.[^1] ### Historical Events diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/United Kingdom.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/United Kingdom.md index cc85f9ca..8f8c93e7 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/United Kingdom.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/United Kingdom.md @@ -1,4 +1,6 @@ --- +aliases: + - Britain category: "Country" tags: - Country @@ -24,15 +26,15 @@ MI6 and the CIA conducted the joint [[1953 coup]] in [[Iran]] that removed Prime ### BCCI -The [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International]] maintained its principal global management headquarters in [[London]] while being registered in Luxembourg and incorporated in the [[Cayman Islands]]. The [[Bank of England]] was the UK's regulatory authority for BCCI's British operations and received significant criticism in the subsequent [[Bingham Report]] (1992) for failing to act on warning signs. BCCI's British collapse on July 5, 1991, affected approximately 120,000 UK depositors. The [[Kerry Committee|Kerry-Brown Senate investigation]] documented the bank's UK operations as central to its intelligence-connected financial flows.[^2] +The [[Bank of Credit and Commerce International]] maintained its principal global management headquarters in London while being registered in Luxembourg and incorporated in the [[Cayman Islands]]. The [[Bank of England]] was the UK's regulatory authority for BCCI's British operations and received significant criticism in the subsequent [[Bingham Report]] (1992) for failing to act on warning signs. BCCI's British collapse on July 5, 1991, affected approximately 120,000 UK depositors. The [[Kerry Committee|Kerry-Brown Senate investigation]] documented the bank's UK operations as central to its intelligence-connected financial flows.[^2] ### Robert Maxwell -Press baron [[Robert Maxwell]], a Czech-born British citizen whose claimed Mossad connections are attested by former Israeli intelligence officers [[Ari Ben-Menashe]] and [[Victor Ostrovsky]], built his empire from [[Oxford]]-based [[Pergamon Press]] and later [[Mirror Group Newspapers]]. [[Nicholas Davies]], the Daily Mirror's foreign editor, was accused of being a Mossad asset. Maxwell died under disputed circumstances in November 1991; the subsequent collapse of his business empire revealed massive pension fund fraud.[^1] +Press baron [[Robert Maxwell]], a Czech-born British citizen whose claimed Mossad connections are attested by former Israeli intelligence officers [[Ari Ben-Menashe]] and [[Victor Ostrovsky]], built his empire from [[Oxford]]-based [[Pergamon Press]] and later [[Mirror Group Newspapers]]. [[Nicholas Davies]], the [[Daily Mirror]]'s foreign editor, was accused of being a Mossad asset. Maxwell died under disputed circumstances in November 1991; the subsequent collapse of his business empire revealed massive pension fund fraud.[^1] ### Arms-to-Iraq -The United Kingdom's covert support for [[Saddam Hussein]]'s arms procurement during the [[Iran-Iraq War]] was examined in the [[Scott Inquiry]] (1992-1996). British companies including [[Matrix Churchill]] supplied precision machine tools for weapons production under export licenses that the government secretly knew would facilitate weapons manufacturing. [[Mark Gutteridge]] and other Matrix Churchill directors were prosecuted; the trial collapsed after ministerial public interest immunity certificates were used to suppress intelligence documents. The Scott Report found that UK export policy had been changed without informing Parliament.[^2] +The United Kingdom's covert support for [[Saddam Hussein]]'s arms procurement during the Iran-Iraq War was examined in the [[Scott Inquiry]] (1992-1996). British companies including [[Matrix Churchill]] supplied precision machine tools for weapons production under export licenses that the government secretly knew would facilitate weapons manufacturing. [[Mark Gutteridge]] and other Matrix Churchill directors were prosecuted; the trial collapsed after ministerial public interest immunity certificates were used to suppress intelligence documents. The Scott Report found that UK export policy had been changed without informing Parliament.[^2] ### Paedophile Information Exchange diff --git a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/United States.md b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/United States.md index 57478b9c..8bc4cba3 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/United States.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/COUNTRIES/United States.md @@ -1,4 +1,6 @@ --- +aliases: + - America category: "Country" tags: - Geography @@ -9,7 +11,7 @@ tags: - Dark_Alliance_Investigation summary: The United States was the destination for Contra-connected cocaine trafficked by Norwin Meneses and Danilo Blandón, the site of the crack cocaine explosion in inner-city neighborhoods, and where the government simultaneously prosecuted the War on Drugs while protecting CIA-linked drug traffickers. --- -The United States was the destination for thousands of tons of [[cocaine]] trafficked through CIA-connected networks during the Contra war, and the site of the [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] epidemic that devastated inner-city communities.[^1] +The United States was the destination for thousands of tons of [[Cocaine]] trafficked through CIA-connected networks during the Contra war, and the site of the [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] epidemic that devastated inner-city communities.[^1] ### Contra Cocaine Pipeline diff --git a/60 - PLACES/LANDMARKS/U.S. Embassy in Moscow.md b/60 - PLACES/LANDMARKS/U.S. Embassy in Moscow.md index fcb49085..ce8815f1 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/LANDMARKS/U.S. Embassy in Moscow.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/LANDMARKS/U.S. Embassy in Moscow.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ The [[U.S. Embassy in Moscow]] was the diplomatic mission of the [[United States From 1956 to 1976, the embassy was subjected to the [[Moscow Signal]], a microwave beam directed at its upper floors by the Soviets. U.S. intelligence suspected this was an electromagnetic weapon designed to influence or degrade the health and behavior of embassy personnel. This led to classified U.S. research programs like [[Project Pandora]] to study and counter its effects. Embassy employees experienced various non-specific symptoms, including headaches, inability to concentrate, and fatigue, and later, some died of cancer, raising concerns about the long-term health impacts of the signal.[^1] -In the early 1980s, the construction of a new U.S. Embassy building in Moscow became another intelligence concern. The [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] received intelligence that the new embassy had been bugged at its core, with sensors embedded deep inside the structural framing materials. [[Joe McMoneagle]], a remote viewer from the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], accurately remote-viewed the building, perceiving it to be riddled with thousands of bugs and metallic decoys, including girders welded into antennas. This was later confirmed by a CIA/[[NSA]] investigation, revealing a massive Soviet eavesdropping and surveillance program.[^1] +In the early 1980s, the construction of a new U.S. Embassy building in Moscow became another intelligence concern. The [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] received intelligence that the new embassy had been bugged at its core, with sensors embedded deep inside the structural framing materials. [[Joe McMoneagle]], a remote viewer from the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], accurately remote-viewed the building, perceiving it to be riddled with thousands of bugs and metallic decoys, including girders welded into antennas. This was later confirmed by a CIA/[[NSA]] investigation, revealing a massive Soviet eavesdropping and surveillance program.[^1] ### Footnotes [^1]: Jacobsen, Annie. *Phenomena: The Secret History of the U.S. Government's Investigations into Extrasensory Perception and Psychokinesis*. Little, Brown and Company, 2017. diff --git a/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Fort Meade.md b/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Fort Meade.md index 1ccd338d..590a0ee8 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Fort Meade.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Fort Meade.md @@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ summary: "Fort Meade is a sprawling U.S. Army installation in Maryland that hous --- [[Fort Meade]] (officially Fort George G. Meade) is a [[United States Army]] installation located in Maryland, approximately twenty-five miles northeast of Washington, D.C. It is a sprawling, town-like base that houses, among other things, the [[NSA]], the U.S. First Army, and a part of the Army's [[United States Army Intelligence and Security Command|Intelligence and Security Command]] (INSCOM).[^1] -Fort Meade served as a primary location for the [[STARGATE PROJECT]], the U.S. Army's secret psychic research program. The remote viewing unit, initially codenamed [[STARGATE PROJECT|Gondola Wish]] and later [[STARGATE PROJECT|Grill Flame]], was established here in 1977. The unit's offices were initially located in building 4554, and later moved to buildings 2560 and 2561 on Llewellyn Street, which were refurbished by the remote viewers themselves to create quiet, secure spaces for their sessions.[^1] +Fort Meade served as a primary location for the [[Stargate Project]], the U.S. Army's secret psychic research program. The remote viewing unit, initially codenamed Gondola Wish and later Grill Flame, was established here in 1977. The unit's offices were initially located in building 4554, and later moved to buildings 2560 and 2561 on Llewellyn Street, which were refurbished by the remote viewers themselves to create quiet, secure spaces for their sessions.[^1] -Key figures in the [[STARGATE PROJECT]], such as [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]], [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]], [[Mel Riley]], [[Joe McMoneagle]], and [[Ken Bell]], were stationed at Fort Meade. The base served as the operational hub for many of the remote viewing missions, with tasking requests originating from various offices throughout the U.S. intelligence community.[^1] +Key figures in the Stargate Project, such as [[Frederick Atwater|Skip Atwater]], [[Murray Watt|Scotty Watt]], [[Mel Riley]], [[Joe McMoneagle]], and [[Ken Bell]], were stationed at Fort Meade. The base served as the operational hub for many of the remote viewing missions, with tasking requests originating from various offices throughout the U.S. intelligence community.[^1] ### Footnotes [^1]: Schnabel, Jim. *Remote Viewers*. Dell, 1997. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Homestead Air Force Base.md b/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Homestead Air Force Base.md index 7b10fe0e..d1376095 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Homestead Air Force Base.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Homestead Air Force Base.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Homestead Air Force Base in Florida was where the Somoza family fled into exile in 1979, and was later identified as a landing site for Contra-connected drug flights. --- -Homestead Air Force Base in [[Florida]] was where the Somoza family fled into exile in 1979, and was later identified as a landing site for Contra-connected drug flights. The base served as both a gateway for deposed dictators and, according to the [[John Kerry|Kerry]] Committee, a destination for aircraft smuggling [[cocaine]] and weapons.[^1] +Homestead Air Force Base in [[Florida]] was where the Somoza family fled into exile in 1979, and was later identified as a landing site for Contra-connected drug flights. The base served as both a gateway for deposed dictators and, according to the [[John Kerry|Kerry]] Committee, a destination for aircraft smuggling [[Cocaine]] and weapons.[^1] ### Somoza's Flight diff --git a/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Opa Locka.md b/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Opa Locka.md index 2ff749ea..8363cd95 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Opa Locka.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Opa Locka.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Opa Locka was a location in the [[Miami]], [[Florida]] area connected to [[Contr ### Aviation Hub -Opa Locka's airfield served as one of the aviation facilities in the Miami area used by pilots connected to both the [[Central Intelligence Agency]]'s Contra supply operations and the [[cocaine]] trafficking networks that funded them. The proximity to [[Miami International Airport]] and the cluster of aviation-related businesses in the area, including [[DIACSA]], made Opa Locka part of the infrastructure supporting the dual weapons-for-drugs shuttle between [[Central America]] and the [[United States]].[^2] +Opa Locka's airfield served as one of the aviation facilities in the Miami area used by pilots connected to both the [[Central Intelligence Agency]]'s Contra supply operations and the [[Cocaine]] trafficking networks that funded them. The proximity to [[Miami International Airport]] and the cluster of aviation-related businesses in the area, including [[DIACSA]], made Opa Locka part of the infrastructure supporting the dual weapons-for-drugs shuttle between [[Central America]] and the [[United States]].[^2] ### Footnotes diff --git a/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.md b/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.md index b56d7996..bf6c37ea 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/MILITARY_INSTALLATIONS/Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ summary: "Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio is a major U.S. aerospace rese [[Wright-Patterson Air Force Base]] is a [[U.S. Air Force]] base located in Ohio. It is a key center for aerospace research and development, and has been involved in various classified projects, including those related to psychic phenomena.[^1] -[[Dale Graff]], a civilian scientist who played a significant role in the [[STARGATE PROJECT|Stargate Project]], worked in the Foreign Technology Division at Wright-Patterson. The base served as a hub for his efforts to integrate psychic abilities into military applications, and it was from here that he managed the program's various phases and taskings.[^1] +[[Dale Graff]], a civilian scientist who played a significant role in the [[Stargate Project|Stargate Project]], worked in the Foreign Technology Division at Wright-Patterson. The base served as a hub for his efforts to integrate psychic abilities into military applications, and it was from here that he managed the program's various phases and taskings.[^1] The base hosts the [[NAMRU-D|Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton]], whose directorates include the Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory ([[NAMRL]]).[^2] diff --git a/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/Caribbean.md b/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/Caribbean.md index bf221b83..bf91f206 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/Caribbean.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/Caribbean.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: The Caribbean was a key transit zone for cocaine shipments moving from South America through the Bahamas, Panama, and Costa Rica to the United States during the Contra war. --- -The Caribbean was a key transit zone for [[cocaine]] shipments moving from [[South America]] through the [[Bahamas]], [[Panama]], and [[Costa Rica]] to the [[United States]] during the Contra war. The region's geography, with its numerous islands and porous coastlines, made it ideal for drug smuggling operations.[^1] +The Caribbean was a key transit zone for [[Cocaine]] shipments moving from [[South America]] through the [[Bahamas]], [[Panama]], and [[Costa Rica]] to the [[United States]] during the Contra war. The region's geography, with its numerous islands and porous coastlines, made it ideal for drug smuggling operations.[^1] ### Trafficking Routes diff --git a/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/Central America.md b/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/Central America.md index c1ebc009..7d5ccfe0 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/Central America.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/Central America.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ tags: summary: "Geographic region connecting North and South America that was the primary theater of Contra operations, drug trafficking, and CIA covert activities during the 1980s." location: "Central America" --- -Central America is the geographic region connecting North and [[South America]] that was the primary theater of operations for the Contra war, [[cocaine]] trafficking, and [[Central Intelligence Agency]] covert activities during the 1980s.[^1] +Central America is the geographic region connecting North and [[South America]] that was the primary theater of operations for the Contra war, [[Cocaine]] trafficking, and [[Central Intelligence Agency]] covert activities during the 1980s.[^1] ### Contra War Theater diff --git a/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/Negev Desert.md b/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/Negev Desert.md index d4725cb8..981b399d 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/Negev Desert.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/Negev Desert.md @@ -16,15 +16,15 @@ The Negev Desert (Hebrew: HaNegev) is the arid to semi-arid southern region of [ ### Negev Nuclear Research Center (Dimona) -The Negev Nuclear Research Center, located approximately 13 kilometers southeast of the city of [[Dimona]], is the central installation of [[Israel|Israel's]] undeclared nuclear weapons program. Known in Hebrew as the Kirya le-Mehekar Gariny (KAMAG), the facility began construction in 1958-1960 under a secret agreement between Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion and French Prime Minister Guy Mollet, negotiated following the shared experience of the 1956 Suez Crisis. France provided reactor design, construction assistance, and critically the reprocessing technology needed to extract plutonium from spent reactor fuel. The reactor achieved first criticality in approximately 1963.[^2] +The Negev Nuclear Research Center, located approximately 13 kilometers southeast of the city of [[Dimona]], is the central installation of Israel's undeclared nuclear weapons program. Known in Hebrew as the Kirya le-Mehekar Gariny (KAMAG), the facility began construction in 1958-1960 under a secret agreement between Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion and French Prime Minister Guy Mollet, negotiated following the shared experience of the 1956 Suez Crisis. France provided reactor design, construction assistance, and critically the reprocessing technology needed to extract plutonium from spent reactor fuel. The reactor achieved first criticality in approximately 1963.[^2] The Dimona facility operates outside the [[International Atomic Energy Agency]]'s (IAEA) safeguard system. Israel maintains a policy of "nuclear ambiguity" - neither confirming nor denying possession of nuclear weapons - which has been continuous since the late 1960s when U.S. President Richard Nixon and Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir reportedly reached a private understanding that Israel would not publicly test weapons or acknowledge their existence in exchange for U.S. tolerance of the program. Estimates of Israel's nuclear arsenal range from approximately 80 to 400 warheads. ### Mordechai Vanunu Disclosure -[[Mordechai Vanunu]], a Moroccan-born Israeli nuclear technician who worked at Dimona from 1976 to 1985, provided the British newspaper the Sunday Times with detailed technical information and photographs of the facility's interior in 1986. His disclosures, published October 5, 1986, constituted the first public confirmation of Israel's nuclear weapons capability with specific technical details. Vanunu had converted to Christianity and was motivated by moral objections to the program. +[[Mordechai Vanunu]], a Moroccan-born Israeli nuclear technician who worked at Dimona from 1976 to 1985, provided the British newspaper the [[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]] with detailed technical information and photographs of the facility's interior in 1986. His disclosures, published October 5, 1986, constituted the first public confirmation of Israel's nuclear weapons capability with specific technical details. Vanunu had converted to Christianity and was motivated by moral objections to the program. -Before the Sunday Times could publish, [[Mossad]] agents lured Vanunu from [[London]] to [[Rome]] using a female intelligence officer in a "honey trap" operation. He was sedated, bundled aboard an Israeli ship, and transported to [[Israel]], where he was tried in secret, convicted of treason, and sentenced to 18 years in prison - 11 of which were served in solitary confinement. Vanunu was released in 2004 but remained subject to severe restrictions on movement and communication, living under ongoing Israeli security service surveillance.[^1] +Before the Sunday Times could publish, [[Mossad]] agents lured Vanunu from [[London]] to [[Rome]] using a female intelligence officer in a "honey trap" operation. He was sedated, bundled aboard an Israeli ship, and transported to Israel, where he was tried in secret, convicted of treason, and sentenced to 18 years in prison - 11 of which were served in solitary confinement. Vanunu was released in 2004 but remained subject to severe restrictions on movement and communication, living under ongoing Israeli security service surveillance.[^1] ### Israel-South Africa Nuclear Cooperation diff --git a/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/South America.md b/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/South America.md index 67067e0e..237430b1 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/South America.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/South America.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: South America was the source of the cocaine that flowed through Contra-connected trafficking networks, with Colombia and Bolivia serving as the primary production countries. --- -South America was the source of the [[cocaine]] that flowed through Contra-connected trafficking networks, with [[Colombia]] and [[Bolivia]] serving as the primary production countries. The continent's drug cartels supplied the commodity that linked the Contra war to the devastation of American inner cities.[^1] +South America was the source of the [[Cocaine]] that flowed through Contra-connected trafficking networks, with [[Colombia]] and [[Bolivia]] serving as the primary production countries. The continent's drug cartels supplied the commodity that linked the Contra war to the devastation of American inner cities.[^1] ### The Cocaine Supply Chain diff --git a/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/South Central Los Angeles.md b/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/South Central Los Angeles.md index 2d5ef88c..ea35c690 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/South Central Los Angeles.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/REGIONS/South Central Los Angeles.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ tags: summary: "Region of Los Angeles that was the epicenter of the crack cocaine explosion in the early 1980s, where Danilo Blandón's Contra-connected cocaine was converted to crack and distributed by Ricky Ross's network." location: "Los Angeles, California" --- -South Central Los Angeles is a region of [[Los Angeles]] that was the epicenter of the [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] cocaine explosion in the early 1980s.[^1] [[Ricky Ross|"Freeway" Ricky Ross]] built his crack distribution empire in South Central, supplied entirely by [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s Contra-connected [[cocaine]] network.[^2] +South Central Los Angeles is a region of [[Los Angeles]] that was the epicenter of the [[Crack Cocaine|crack]] cocaine explosion in the early 1980s.[^1] [[Ricky Ross|"Freeway" Ricky Ross]] built his crack distribution empire in South Central, supplied entirely by [[Danilo Blandon|Danilo Blandón]]'s Contra-connected [[Cocaine]] network.[^2] ### Crack Market Origins diff --git a/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/Arkansas.md b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/Arkansas.md index e188f838..c992aaa6 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/Arkansas.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/Arkansas.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Arkansas, particularly the small town of Mena, served as the base of operations for CIA-DEA contract agent Barry Seal's massive cocaine and weapons smuggling operation during the early to mid-1980s. --- -Arkansas, particularly the small town of Mena, served as the base of operations for CIA-[[DEA]] contract agent Barry Seal's massive [[cocaine]] and weapons smuggling operation during the early to mid-1980s. The Mena operation represented one of the clearest intersections between U.S. intelligence activities and drug trafficking in the domestic [[United States]].[^1] +Arkansas, particularly the small town of Mena, served as the base of operations for CIA-[[DEA]] contract agent Barry Seal's massive [[Cocaine]] and weapons smuggling operation during the early to mid-1980s. The Mena operation represented one of the clearest intersections between U.S. intelligence activities and drug trafficking in the domestic [[United States]].[^1] ### Barry Seal at Mena diff --git a/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/California.md b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/California.md index 33b83a1c..bbda992b 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/California.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/California.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ tags: - Dark_Alliance_Investigation summary: Most populous U.S. state, home to San Francisco and Los Angeles, the two primary centers of Contra-connected cocaine trafficking by Norwin Meneses and Danilo Blandón during the 1980s. --- -California is the most populous state in the [[United States]] and was the primary theater of operations for the Contra-connected [[cocaine]] trafficking networks on the West Coast during the 1980s.[^1] +California is the most populous state in the [[United States]] and was the primary theater of operations for the Contra-connected [[Cocaine]] trafficking networks on the West Coast during the 1980s.[^1] ### Contra Drug Trafficking diff --git a/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/Florida.md b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/Florida.md index bb3d34a5..16be689b 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/Florida.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/Florida.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Florida served as a major hub for both cocaine trafficking and Contra political activity during the 1980s, with Miami functioning as the primary center of operations. --- -Florida served as a major hub for both [[cocaine]] trafficking and [[Contras|Contra]] political activity during the 1980s, with [[Miami]] functioning as the primary center of operations on the U.S. East Coast. The state's proximity to the [[Caribbean]] and [[Central America]] made it a natural transshipment point for drugs flowing north and weapons flowing south.[^1] +Florida served as a major hub for both [[Cocaine]] trafficking and [[Contras|Contra]] political activity during the 1980s, with [[Miami]] functioning as the primary center of operations on the U.S. East Coast. The state's proximity to the [[Caribbean]] and [[Central America]] made it a natural transshipment point for drugs flowing north and weapons flowing south.[^1] ### Contra Operations in Miami diff --git a/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/New Mexico.md b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/New Mexico.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..57168eac --- /dev/null +++ b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/New Mexico.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +--- +category: "U.S. State" +tags: + - Place + - USState + - Nuclear + - PROMIS + - UAP +summary: "Southwestern state of Los Alamos and the first atomic test, of Roswell, of Jeffrey Epstein's Zorro Ranch, and of an FBI counterintelligence file on Robert Maxwell that INSLAW tied to PROMIS." +created: 2026-09-22 +updated: 2026-09-22 +--- + +### Los Alamos + +[[Los Alamos]], the weapons laboratory of the [[Manhattan Project]] founded in 1943 under [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]], designed the first atomic bombs; the first nuclear test, Trinity, was conducted at the White Sands Proving Ground on July 16, 1945.[^1] The laboratory enters the [[PROMIS Software Scandal|PROMIS]] literature twice. The former Canadian broker [[John A. Belton]] told the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]]'s reviewers in 1994, without documents, that "Trans World Arms in Montreal and ORA" had sold [[PROMIS]] in 1983 to "a [[Nuclear Regulatory Commission]] facility in New Mexico" he believed was Los Alamos; the reviewers found him "unbelievable." In February 1994 [[INSLAW]] argued that twenty [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] pages released under the [[Freedom of Information Act]] showed that the FBI's Albuquerque office had run a foreign counterintelligence investigation of [[Robert Maxwell]] and one of his companies, and that it must have concerned a PROMIS sale to a defense installation in New Mexico; the reviewers, having read the unredacted documents, called the inference "a remarkable leap" and wrote that "none of the documents in question even mentioned INSLAW or PROMIS."[^2] According to [[Cheri Seymour]], the RCMP investigator [[Sean McDade]] learned of a meeting of American, British, Israeli and Canadian intelligence chiefs at Los Alamos in December 1999.[^3] + +### Roswell + +The [[Roswell Incident]] of July 1947 is the alleged crash of an unidentified object near Roswell. [[Luis Elizondo]] has written that [[Hal Puthoff]] told him an object did crash near a government test facility there in 1947, and the astronaut [[Edgar Mitchell]], who grew up in the area, claimed his family had been among those threatened by the FBI afterwards.[^4] [[Richard D'Amato]], on the staff of Senator [[Robert Byrd]] in the 1980s and 1990s, wrote that a senior Senate committee chairman had asked him "to conduct a preliminary inquiry into allegations that came to his attention regarding unidentified aerial crashes in the 1940's in New Mexico," and that he reported that the allegations "did not appear to merit any further" Senate action.[^5] + +### Zorro Ranch + +[[Jeffrey Epstein]] owned the [[Zorro Ranch]], about 10,000 acres near Stanley, one of the residences among which victims and associates were moved; *[[New York Times|The New York Times]]* reported in 2019 that he had discussed using it for a plan to "seed the human race with his DNA." New Mexico reopened a criminal inquiry into the ranch in 2025.[^6] + +### Footnotes + +[^1]: "Los Alamos National Laboratory," *Encyclopaedia Britannica.* https://www.britannica.com/topic/Los-Alamos-National-Laboratory +[^2]: U.S. Department of Justice. *Report on the Review of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua's Report on the Allegations of INSLAW, Inc.,* September 27, 1994, interview of John A. Belton and section on the FBI documents concerning Robert Maxwell. https://archive.org/details/doj-oip-inslaw-1993 +[^3]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. +[^4]: Elizondo, Luis. *Imminent.* William Morrow, 2024. +[^5]: D'Amato, C. Richard. "1980's Inquiry into Unidentified Aerial Crash in New Mexico," statement on his website, Wayback Machine capture of July 6, 2020. +[^6]: Stewart, James B., Matthew Goldstein, and Jessica Silver-Greenberg. "Jeffrey Epstein Hoped to Seed Human Race With His DNA." *The New York Times,* July 31, 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/31/business/jeffrey-epstein-eugenics.html ; "New Investigation Launched into Epstein's Zorro Ranch." *Time,* 2025. https://time.com/7379228/epstein-zorro-ranch-investigation/ diff --git a/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/North Carolina.md b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/North Carolina.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..402de40d --- /dev/null +++ b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/North Carolina.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +--- +category: "U.S. State" +tags: + - Place + - USState + - SpecialForces + - PioneerFund + - Accelerationism +summary: "Southern state of Fort Bragg and Camp Lejeune, of Jesse Helms's political machine and its Pioneer Fund directors, and of the JAARS air base of the Summer Institute of Linguistics." +created: 2026-09-22 +updated: 2026-09-22 +--- + +### Fort Bragg and Camp Lejeune + +In February 1962 a team from the [[US Army Special Warfare Center]] at [[Fort Bragg]], under its commander, [[General William P. Yarborough|William P. Yarborough]], visited [[Colombia]] and recommended in a secret supplement that civilian and military personnel be selected for clandestine training to "execute paramilitary, sabotage and/or terrorist activities against known communist proponents," and that American assistance "be sterile and covert in nature."[^1] Yarborough died at Southern Pines in 2005.[^2] + +Marines at [[Camp Lejeune]] figure in the prosecutions of the [[Atomwaffen Division]] milieu. The Lance Corporal [[Vasillios George Pistolis]], identified by [[ProPublica]] in May 2018 as a member of the group after the [[Unite the Right rally]] in [[Charlottesville, Virginia|Charlottesville]], was court-martialed and separated.[^3] The former Lejeune Marine [[Liam Collins (AWD)|Liam Collins]], a leader on the [[Iron March]] forum, was sentenced in the [[Eastern District of North Carolina]] on July 25, 2024, to ten years for a plot with [[Paul James Kryscuk]], [[Jordan Duncan]] and others to attack power facilities.[^4] After a shooting damaged an [[EnergyUnited]] substation in Randolph County on January 17, 2023, [[Dallas Humber]] of the [[Terrorgram Collective]] posted that the "avenue of attack" had "really caught on."[^5] + +### The Helms Organization + +[[Jesse Helms]], a [[Raleigh, North Carolina|Raleigh]] broadcaster whose "Viewpoint" editorials ran on WRAL from 1960, sat in the [[United States Senate]] from 1973 to 2003.[^6] The Raleigh lawyer [[Thomas F. Ellis]], organizer of Helms's political operation, and [[Marion Parrott]] were directors of the [[Pioneer Fund]] in the 1970s; the fund's president, [[Harry Weyher]], was also a North Carolinian. The fund gave Ellis's [[Coalition for Freedom]] 195,000 dollars between 1983 and 1989, and Weyher represented Ellis's [[Fairness in Media]] in its 1985 attempt to take over [[CBS]].[^7] Representative [[Charlie Rose]] of the state's 7th district, in the House from 1973 to 1997, was a congressional supporter of the Army's remote-viewing program.[^8] + +### Other Ties + +[[JAARS]], the aviation and radio arm of [[William Cameron Townsend]]'s [[Summer Institute of Linguistics]], moved its headquarters to Waxhaw in 1961.[^9] [[Edward Snowden]] was born in Elizabeth City on June 21, 1983.[^10] In 2023 [[Felix Bauckholt]] of [[The Zizians|the Zizians]] rented half a duplex in Chapel Hill, and [[Teresa Youngblut]] took a place nearby before the two drove to Vermont, where a Border Patrol agent was killed in January 2025.[^11] [[Prasan Nepal]] of High Point, charged with [[Leonidas Varagiannis]] with running [[764 Inferno]] as a child exploitation enterprise, was arrested in North Carolina on April 22, 2025.[^12] + +### Footnotes + +[^1]: Headquarters, U.S. Army Special Warfare School, "Visit to Colombia, South America, by a Team from Special Warfare Center, Fort Bragg, North Carolina," February 26, 1962, secret supplement, quoted in Human Rights Watch, *Colombia's Killer Networks: The Military-Paramilitary Partnership and the United States,* 1996. https://www.hrw.org/reports/1996/killer2.htm +[^2]: Arlington National Cemetery, "William Pelham Yarborough, Lieutenant General, United States Army." https://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/wpyarborough.htm +[^3]: "U.S. Marine to Be Imprisoned Over Involvement With Hate Groups." *ProPublica,* 2018. https://www.propublica.org/article/vasilios-pistolis-imprisoned-marine-hate-groups +[^4]: U.S. Attorney's Office, Eastern District of North Carolina. "Defendants with Ties to White Supremacy Sentenced in Connection with Plot to Destroy Energy Facilities." July 25, 2024. https://www.justice.gov/usao-ednc/pr/defendants-ties-white-supremacy-sentenced-connection-plot-destroy-energy-facilities +[^5]: "'Terrorgram' leaders Dallas Humber, Matthew Allison referenced North Carolina EnergyUnited substation shooting, court documents show." *WGHP Fox 8,* September 2024. https://myfox8.com/news/storylines/power-grid-attack/indicted-terrorgram-neo-nazi-cited-randolph-county-substation-attack-court-documents-show-this-avenue-of-attack-has-really-caught-on/ +[^6]: Hall, Bob. "Jesse Helms: The Meaning of His Money." *Southern Exposure,* vol. 13, no. 1, 1985, republished by Facing South, Institute for Southern Studies. +[^7]: Lynn, Richard. *The Science of Human Diversity: A History of the Pioneer Fund.* University Press of America, 2001; Mehler, Barry, comp. "Pioneer Fund Grants, 1971-1996," Institute for the Study of Academic Racism, compiled from Internal Revenue Service Forms 990; Edsall, Thomas B., and David A. Vise. "CBS Fight a Litmus Test for Conservatives." *The Washington Post,* March 31, 1985, p. 1. +[^8]: Schnabel, Jim. *Remote Viewers: The Secret History of America's Psychic Spies.* Dell, 1997. +[^9]: JAARS, "Our History." jaars.org/about/history +[^10]: Snowden, Edward. *Permanent Record.* Metropolitan Books, 2019. +[^11]: "A timeline of activities of a cultlike group tied to the killing of a Border Patrol agent." Associated Press via PBS NewsHour, 2025. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/a-timeline-of-cultlike-zizian-group-tied-to-killing-of-a-border-patrol-agent-in-vermont +[^12]: U.S. Attorney's Office, District of Columbia. "Leaders of 764 Arrested and Charged for Operating Global Child Exploitation Enterprise." April 2025. https://www.justice.gov/usao-dc/pr/leaders-764-arrested-and-charged-operating-global-child-exploitation-enterprise diff --git a/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/Texas.md b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/Texas.md index a67db6af..662cef7c 100644 --- a/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/Texas.md +++ b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/Texas.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags: - contra-war summary: Texas served as a transit corridor for Contra-connected cocaine shipments, with airfields and border crossings used to move drugs into the United States. --- -Texas served as a transit corridor for Contra-connected [[cocaine]] shipments, with airfields and border crossings used to move drugs into the [[United States]]. The state's long border with [[Mexico]] and its network of airfields made it a key entry point for narcotics flowing north from [[Central America|Central]] and [[South America]].[^1] +Texas served as a transit corridor for Contra-connected [[Cocaine]] shipments, with airfields and border crossings used to move drugs into the [[United States]]. The state's long border with [[Mexico]] and its network of airfields made it a key entry point for narcotics flowing north from [[Central America|Central]] and [[South America]].[^1] ### Contra Cocaine Routes diff --git a/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/West Virginia.md b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/West Virginia.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..02674567 --- /dev/null +++ b/60 - PLACES/US_STATES/West Virginia.md @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +--- +category: "U.S. State" +tags: + - Place + - USState + - TheOctopus + - RemoteViewing + - NSA +summary: "Appalachian state where Danny Casolaro died in a Martinsburg hotel in 1991 and where the NSA station at Sugar Grove was a target of the CIA's early remote-viewing tests." +created: 2026-09-22 +updated: 2026-09-22 +--- + +### Martinsburg + +[[Danny Casolaro]] checked into the Sheraton Hotel in Martinsburg on August 8, 1991, to meet a source for his investigation of what he called [[The Octopus]]; before leaving he had told his brother that if anything happened to him there, "it would not be an accident." He was found dead in the hotel on August 10, and West Virginia authorities ruled the death a suicide. A Martinsburg funeral home embalmed the body before officials or his family had authorized it, and the state medical examiner, Dr. Frost, who confirmed the ruling in January 1992, found a fully conclusive examination of the embalmed body impossible. The papers Casolaro had carried to Martinsburg were not found. Martinsburg police records released in 2024 under a request by Zachary Treitz and Christian Hansen showed that another person had visited his room on the night of August 9 and that an eyewitness had given police a statement and sketch of the visitor matching [[Joseph Cuellar]], who had approached Casolaro at a local bar weeks earlier.[^1] The [[House Committee on the Judiciary]] found no evidence that the [[Department of Justice|Justice Department]] had tried to influence the local investigation.[^2] On September 30, 1991, [[Robert Booth Nichols]] told Detective Sergeant Swartwood of the Martinsburg police that he believed Casolaro had been murdered.[^3] + +Senator [[Robert Byrd]], in whose office Barbara Videnieks, wife of the Justice Department contracting officer [[Peter Videnieks]], worked, sought to bring [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] administrative offices to Charles Town, near Martinsburg.[^3][^4] + +### Sugar Grove + +In May and June 1973 [[Hal Puthoff]] of [[Stanford Research Institute]] gave [[Ingo Swann]] and [[Pat Price]] the coordinates 38°23'N, 79°25'W, "described simply as being in West Virginia," supplied by what SRI's final report called "the OSI group responsible for threat analysis in this area." One subject drew "a detailed map of the building and grounds layout" and the other produced "information about the interior including codewords, data subsequently verified by sponsor sources." The site was the signals intelligence station of the [[NSA]] at Sugar Grove, and the sessions led to an NSA security inquiry.[^5][^6] The 1979 review of the program by Harry and Arlene Snyder noted: "It is alleged, although unverified by the authors, that Price had once worked for the organization that had control over that particular site."[^7] The coordinates had come from the CIA officer [[Bill O'Donnell]] by way of [[Richard Kennett]], whose friend's cabin they were meant to locate.[^6] + +### Footnotes + +[^1]: Ridgeway, James, and Doug Vaughan. "The Last Days of Danny Casolaro." *Village Voice,* October 15, 1991; West Virginia Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, second autopsy report, January 1992; Martinsburg Police Department records released to Zachary Treitz and Christian Hansen, 2024; as cited on the Danny Casolaro page. +[^2]: U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary. *The INSLAW Affair,* H. Rept. 102-857, September 10, 1992. https://archive.org/details/InslawAffairInvestigativeReport +[^3]: U.S. Department of Justice. *Report on the Review of Special Counsel Nicholas J. Bua's Report,* September 27, 1994, section on the death of Danny Casolaro. https://archive.org/details/doj-oip-inslaw-1993 +[^4]: Seymour, Cheri. *The Last Circle: Danny Casolaro's Investigation into the Octopus and the PROMIS Software Scandal.* TrineDay, 2010. +[^5]: Stanford Research Institute, "Project SCANATE, Exploratory Research in Remote Viewing," 1973, CIA-RDP96-00791R000100480002-4; Puthoff, Harold E., and Russell Targ. *Perceptual Augmentation Techniques,* final report, December 1, 1975, CIA-RDP96-00791R000100410001-2. Read in the archive.org mirror of the CIA FOIA Reading Room STARGATE collection. +[^6]: Schnabel, Jim. *Remote Viewers: The Secret History of America's Psychic Spies.* Dell, 1997. +[^7]: Snyder, Harry L., and Arlene G. Snyder. "Summary and Critical Evaluation of Research in Remote Viewing," Report RV-79-1, June 1, 1979, as reproduced in the *Report by the Grill Flame Scientific Evaluation Committee,* December 1979, CIA-RDP96-00788R001300120001-5. diff --git a/ddg1.html b/ddg1.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b75f1b63 --- /dev/null +++ b/ddg1.html @@ -0,0 +1,176 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + DuckDuckGo + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
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