vault backup: 2026-05-14 13:10:48

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/ARDE.md

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ tags:
   - 1980s
   - Dark_Alliance_Investigation
 summary: Alianza Revolucionaria Democratica (ARDE) was a Contra faction based in Costa Rica and commanded by former Sandinista war hero Eden Pastora, formed when UDN-FARN merged with Pastora's group in September 1982.
+start: 1982
+location: "Costa Rica"
 ---
 The Alianza Revolucionaria Democrática (ARDE) was a [[Contras|Contra]] faction based in [[Costa Rica]] and commanded by [[Eden Pastora]], a former [[Sandinistas|Sandinista]] war hero known as "Commandante Zero."[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/ARENA.md

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ tags:
   - salvadoran
   - contra-war
 summary: ARENA was the ultraright Salvadoran political party led by death squad commander Roberto D'Aubuisson that had connections to Contra funding and narcotics trafficking.
+start: 1981
+location: "San Salvador, El Salvador"
 ---
 ARENA (Alianza Republicana Nacionalista) was the ultraright Salvadoran political party led by death squad commander [[Roberto D'Aubuisson]] that had connections to [[Contras|Contra]] funding and narcotics trafficking. Records seized from D'Aubuisson revealed financial contributions to Nicaraguan Contra operatives.[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/African National Congress.md

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ tags:
   - Revolutionary
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "The African National Congress (ANC) was a black revolutionary group in South Africa. It was targeted by the PROMIS software, which was implemented in Transkei by Degem (controlled by Israel military intelligence) with the assistance of Robert..."
+start: 1912
+location: "Johannesburg, South Africa"
 ---
 The [[African National Congress]] (ANC) was a black revolutionary group in [[South Africa]]. It was targeted by the [[PROMIS]] software, which was implemented in [[Transkei]] by [[Degem]] (controlled by [[Israel|Israeli]] military intelligence) with the assistance of [[Robert Maxwell]].
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Baader-Meinhof Group.md

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ tags:
   - Terrorism
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "The Baader-Meinhof Group, also known as the Red Army Faction (RAF), was a West German far-left militant organization."
+start: 1970
+end: 1998
+location: "West Germany"
 ---
 The [[Baader-Meinhof Group]], also known as the Red Army Faction (RAF), was a West German far-left militant organization. They were involved in the 1976 [[Entebbe hijacking]], where they boarded an [[Air France]] jet flying from [[Tel Aviv]] to [[Paris]] and diverted it to [[Entebbe Airport]] in [[Uganda]].[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Black September.md

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ tags:
   - Terrorism
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "Black September was a Palestinian militant organization. They were involved in a battle with Mossad agents in Europe in the aftermath of the 1972 Munich Olympic Massacre of Israel athletes. They were known for killing each other at every opportunity."
+start: 1971
 ---
 [[Black September]] was a Palestinian militant organization. They were involved in a battle with [[Mossad]] agents in [[Europe]] in the aftermath of the 1972 [[Munich Olympic Massacre|Olympic Games massacre]] of [[Israel|Israeli]] athletes. They were known for killing each other at every opportunity.[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Contras.md

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ tags:
   - Cold_War
   - Dark_Alliance_Investigation
 summary: Nicaraguan rebel groups organized and funded by the CIA to overthrow the Sandinista government, composed largely of former Somoza National Guard officers and implicated extensively in cocaine trafficking throughout the 1980s war.
+start: 1980
+location: "Honduras"
 ---
 The Contras were [[Nicaragua|Nicaraguan]] rebel groups organized and funded by the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] to overthrow the [[Sandinistas|Sandinista]] government of Nicaragua.[^3] Made up largely of former followers of deposed dictator [[Anastasio Somoza]] and his [[Nicaraguan National Guard|National Guard]], the Contras were the darlings of the [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] administration's anti-Communist foreign policy. Multiple Contra factions were implicated in [[cocaine]] trafficking during the 1980s war.[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Crips.md

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ tags:
   - Los_Angeles
   - Crack_Cocaine
 summary: The Crips are a Los Angeles street gang that became the primary distribution network for crack cocaine across the United States, spreading from South Central L.A. to cities nationwide during the mid-1980s.
+start: 1969
+location: "Los Angeles, California"
 ---
 The Crips are a Los Angeles-based street gang composed of numerous semi-autonomous "sets" operating across the city. During the early 1980s, Crips sets from across Los Angeles became the primary retail distribution network for [[Crack Cocaine|crack cocaine]], a role that transformed them from traditional neighborhood gangs into what law enforcement would later describe as a coast-to-coast criminal enterprise.[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/FARN.md

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ tags:
   - nicaraguan
   - contra-war
 summary: FARN (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias Nicaragüenses) was the UDN-FARN Contra faction that operated on Costa Rica's Southern Front and was deeply involved in cocaine trafficking.
+location: "Costa Rica"
 ---
 FARN (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias Nicaragüenses) was the military wing of the [[UDN-FARN]] Contra faction that operated on [[Costa Rica]]'s Southern Front and was deeply involved in [[cocaine]] trafficking. The organization was led by [[Fernando Chamorro|Fernando "El Negro" Chamorro]], with [[Edmundo Chamorro]] as deputy commander.[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/FDN.md

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ tags:
   - 1980s
   - Dark_Alliance_Investigation
 summary: The FDN was the largest and best-armed Contra faction, created by the CIA and commanded by Enrique Bermudez, with documented connections to cocaine trafficking for fundraising.
+start: 1981
+location: "Honduras"
 ---
 The [[FDN|Fuerza Democrática Nicaragüense]] was the largest, most well-armed, and best-trained of all the [[Contras|Contra]] factions.[^3] Created by the [[Central Intelligence Agency]], based in [[Honduras]], and commanded by [[Enrique Bermudez|Enrique Bermúdez]], a former [[Nicaraguan National Guard|National Guardsman]]. The FDN's political wing was led by [[Adolfo Calero]], a longtime CIA agent and former manager of the Coca-Cola bottling plant in [[Managua]].
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/FMLN.md

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ tags:
   - nicaraguan
   - contra-war
 summary: The FMLN was the leftist guerrilla army in El Salvador that received arms from the Sandinista government, providing the Reagan administration's stated justification for the Contra war.
+start: 1980
+location: "San Salvador, El Salvador"
 ---
 The FMLN (Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional) was the leftist guerrilla army in [[El Salvador]] that received arms from the [[Sandinistas|Sandinista]] government, providing the Reagan administration's stated justification for the [[Contras|Contra]] war. Halting Sandinista arms shipments to the FMLN was the official reason [[Central Intelligence Agency]] director [[William J. Casey]] gave to Congress when informing lawmakers of the decision to launch covert operations against [[Nicaragua]].[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Golani infantry brigade.md

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ tags:
   - Israel
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "The Golani infantry brigade is an elite infantry brigade of the Israel Defense Forces. Uri Simchoni, a member of the Iran-Israel Joint Committee, was formerly the chief of this brigade.[^1]"
+start: 1948
+location: "Israel"
 ---
 The [[Golani infantry brigade]] is an elite infantry brigade of the [[Israel|Israeli Defense Forces]]. [[Uri Simchoni]], a member of the [[Iran-Israel Joint Committee]], was formerly the chief of this brigade.[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Hagannah.md

@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ tags:
   - Israel
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "The Hagannah was the military arm of the Zionist movement in Palestine. In 1936, it requested a chemist to help produce an effective high explosive for use in the underground war against the Arabs and the British."
+start: 1920
+end: 1948
+location: "Palestine"
 ---
 The Hagannah was the military arm of the Zionist movement in Palestine. In 1936, it requested a chemist to help produce an effective high explosive for use in the underground war against the Arabs and the British. [[Ernst David Bergmann]] was assigned this mission and subsequently joined the Hagannah's technical committee.[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Jewish Defense League.md

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ tags:
   - Israel
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "The Jewish Defense League (JDL) is a New York-based extreme right-wing organization associated with Meir Kahane.[^1]"
+start: 1968
+location: "New York City, New York"
 ---
 The [[Jewish Defense League]] (JDL) is a [[New York City]]-based extreme right-wing organization associated with [[Meir Kahane|Rabbi Meir Kahane]].[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/LEHI.md

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ tags:
   - Terrorism
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "LEHI (Lohamei Herut Israel, Hebrew for Fighters for the Liberation of Israel), also known as the Stern Gang, was a Jewish terrorist group. It was founded by David Stern and later led by Yitzhak Shamir.[^1]"
+start: 1940
+end: 1948
+location: "Palestine"
 ---
 [[LEHI]] (Lohamei Herut Israel, Hebrew for Fighters for the Liberation of [[Israel]]), also known as the [[Stern Gang]], was a Jewish terrorist group. It was founded by [[David Stern]] and later led by [[Yitzhak Shamir]].[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Legion of September 15.md

@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ tags:
   - 1980s
   - Dark_Alliance_Investigation
 summary: Early Contra group of ex-Nicaraguan National Guardsmen based in Guatemala, co-commanded by Enrique Bermudez and Ricardo Lau, that formed the core of what became the FDN.
+start: 1979
+end: 1981
+location: "Guatemala City, Guatemala"
 ---
 The Legion of September 15 was an early [[Contras|Contra]] group made up primarily of ex-[[Nicaraguan National Guard|National Guardsmen]], based in [[Guatemala]] and later [[Honduras]]. It was commanded by [[Ricardo Lau|Ricardo "El Chino" Lau]] and [[Enrique Bermudez|Enrique Bermúdez]] and later became the core of the [[FDN]], the largest and most powerful Contra faction.[^2]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Mujahideen.md

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ tags:
   - Guerrilla
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "The Mujahideen refers to various groups of Muslim guerrilla fighters, particularly those who resisted the Soviet Union invasion of Afghanistan."
+location: "Afghanistan"
 ---
 The [[Mujahideen]] refers to various groups of Muslim guerrilla fighters, particularly those who resisted the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] invasion of [[Afghanistan]]. They were supported by a worldwide network that included figures like [[Ralph Olberg]] and [[Tim Osman]], who were involved in procuring [[United States|U.S.]] weapons and technology for them.[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/National Liberation Front.md

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ tags:
   - Algeria
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "The National Liberation Front (FLN) was a nationalist political party and armed liberation movement in Algeria. By 1955, the French government was facing an insurrection from the FLN, which was strongly supported by Gamal Abdel Nasser."
+start: 1954
+location: "Algiers, Algeria"
 ---
 The National Liberation Front (FLN) was a nationalist political party and armed liberation movement in [[Algeria]]. By 1955, the French government was facing an insurrection from the FLN, which was strongly supported by [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]]. The bloody war for independence, which resulted in 250,000 deaths, came close to destroying [[France]] over five years and inspired Arab revolutionaries throughout the [[Middle East]].[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Nicaraguan National Guard.md

@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ tags:
   - Contra_War
   - Dark_Alliance_Investigation
 summary: Somoza's military force that served as army, police, and intelligence service, trained at U.S. military schools, and whose dispersed officers formed the founding cadre of the Contras.
+start: 1925
+end: 1979
+location: "Managua, Nicaragua"
 ---
 Guardia Nacional de Nicaragua (National Guard) was the military, police, and intelligence service of [[Nicaragua]] under the [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]] dynasty.[^2] Created by the [[United States|U.S.]] in the 1930s, the Guard served as the power base of the Somoza family's forty-six-year rule. Its officers formed the leadership core of the [[Contras]] after the [[Sandinistas|Sandinista]] revolution.[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command.md

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 ---
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command is a Palestinian militant organization. It was implicated by the private investigative firm Interfor as being behind the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103."
+start: 1968
+location: "Damascus, Syria"
 ---
 The [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command|PFLP-GC]] is a Palestinian militant organization. It was implicated by the private investigative firm [[Interfor]] as being behind the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103. Interfor claimed that the [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command|PFLP-GC]] was able to get their bomb on board the 747 because the flight was part of a heroin smuggling route connected to the Syrian regime and protected by both the [[DEA|U.S. DEA]] and the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]].[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Sandinistas.md

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ tags:
   - Contra_War
   - Dark_Alliance_Investigation
 summary: Frente Revolucionario de Sandino (FRS), the leftist revolutionary guerrilla group that overthrew Somoza's U.S.-supported dictatorship in Nicaragua in 1979, triggering the Contra war.
+start: 1961
+location: "Managua, Nicaragua"
 ---
 Frente Revolucionario de Sandino (FRS) were the leftist revolutionary guerrilla group that overthrew [[Anastasio Somoza|Somoza]]'s [[United States|U.S.]]-supported dictatorship in [[Nicaragua]] in July 1979.[^2] Their victory triggered the [[Contras|Contra]] war and set in motion the events documented in the [[Dark Alliance]] investigation.[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Shining Path.md

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ tags:
   - Terrorism
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "The Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) is a Maoist terrorist group in Peru. It was founded and led by Abimael Guzman Reynoso, a former philosophy professor at the University of San Cristobal in Ayacucho.[^1]"
+start: 1969
+location: "Ayacucho, Peru"
 ---
 The [[Shining Path]] (Sendero Luminoso) is a Maoist terrorist group in [[Peru]]. It was founded and led by [[Abimael Guzman Reynoso]], a former philosophy professor at the [[University of San Cristobal]] in [[Ayacucho]].[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Stern Gang.md

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ tags:
   - Terrorism
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "The Stern Gang was another name for LEHI (Lohamei Herut Israel, Hebrew for Fighters for the Liberation of Israel), a Jewish terrorist group founded by David Stern and later led by Yitzhak Shamir.[^1]"
+start: 1940
+end: 1948
+location: "Palestine"
 ---
 The [[Stern Gang]] was another name for [[LEHI]] (Lohamei Herut Israel, Hebrew for Fighters for the Liberation of [[Israel]]), a Jewish terrorist group founded by [[David Stern]] and later led by [[Yitzhak Shamir]].[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/Symbionese Liberation Army.md

@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ tags:
 description: The Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA) was a radical left-wing organization active in California in the mid-1970s, known for the kidnapping of Patty Hearst.
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "The Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA) was a radical left-wing organization active in California in the mid-1970s. They are best known for the kidnapping of newspaper heiress Patty Hearst in 1974.[^1]"
+start: 1973
+end: 1975
+location: "California, USA"
 ---
 The Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA) was a radical left-wing organization active in California in the mid-1970s. They are best known for the kidnapping of newspaper heiress Patty Hearst in 1974.[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/UDN-FARN.md

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ tags:
   - 1980s
   - Dark_Alliance_Investigation
 summary: Early Contra faction based first in Honduras then Costa Rica, commanded by Fernando Chamorro, that shifted allegiances between the FDN, ARDE, and back during the Contra war.
+start: 1980
+location: "Costa Rica"
 ---
 Union Democrática Nicaragüense - Fuerzas Armadas Resistencia Nicaragüenses (UDN-FARN) was an early [[Contras|Contra]] faction based first in [[Honduras]] and then in [[Costa Rica]], commanded by the erratic former [[Sandinistas|Sandinista]] [[Fernando Chamorro|"El Negro" Chamorro]]. UDN-FARN was one of the two groups merged by the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] in August 1981 to form the [[FDN]].[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/UNO.md

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ tags:
   - nicaraguan
   - contra-war
 summary: UNO (United Nicaraguan Opposition) was a CIA-inspired merger of Contra factions created to improve the Contras' public image, existing mostly as a facade while the FDN retained real authority.
+start: 1987
 ---
 UNO (United Nicaraguan Opposition) was a [[Central Intelligence Agency]]-inspired merger of Contra factions created to improve the [[Contras|Contras]]' public image, existing mostly as a facade while the [[FDN]] retained real authority and did the bulk of the fighting. The merger was formalized in the Oval Office on August 5, 1987, at a gathering of Nicaraguan resistance leaders.[^1]
 

20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PARAMILITARY/United States Army Special Forces.md

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 ---
 category: "Paramilitary"
 summary: "The United States Army Special Forces, also known as the Green Berets, are a special operations force of the United States Army. They are mentioned in connection with several individuals involved in covert operations and intelligence activities.[^1]"
+start: 1952
+location: "Fort Bragg, North Carolina"
 ---
 The [[United States Army Special Forces|U.S. Army Special Forces]], also known as the Green Berets, are a special operations force of the [[U.S. Army]]. They are mentioned in connection with several individuals involved in covert operations and intelligence activities.[^1]