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20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/International Signal and Control.md
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@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ Paul Foot wrote that ISC went bust in 1989 and that Ferranti went bust too, "wit
[^1]: Glenn Frankel, "British Firm Claims It Was Duped by Pa. Arms Maker," *Washington Post*, September 29, 1989, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1989/09/29/british-firm-claims-it-was-duped-by-pa-arms-maker/5b675f69-e5e0-4c25-9aee-ced8b8e07efa/.
[^2]: SEC Digest, November 7, 1991, "James Guerin and Twenty Others Indicted" (Litigation Release LR-13077, announced October 31, 1991, Eastern District of Pennsylvania, Crim. Nos. 91-601 and 91-602), https://www.sec.gov/news/digest/1991/dig110791.pdf.
[^3]: Kenneth R. Timmerman, *The Death Lobby: How the West Armed Iraq* (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1991), pp. 168 to 169. Sole source for the Rockeye fuze, the Ivy and Kentron passage, the CIA-approval statement and the cluster-bomb agreement; the market-division quotation is Timmerman's quotation of Thomas L. Flannery.
[^3]: Kenneth R. Timmerman, *The Death Lobby: How the West Armed Iraq* (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1991), pp. 168 to 169. The market-division quotation is Timmerman's quotation of Thomas L. Flannery.
[^4]: "Guerin 'home' to complete sentence," *LNP* (LancasterOnline), January 3, 2005, https://lancasteronline.com/news/guerin-home-to-complete-sentence/article_ab95d10d-7b72-511a-8c23-a388df496dfb.html.
[^5]: *United States v. Jasin*, 280 F.3d 355 (3d Cir. 2002) (Greenberg, J.), https://static.case.law/f3d/280/cases/0355-01.json. The opinion gives the 67-count indictment, Ivy's positions, plea and affidavit, the 1982 public offering, and the dates of verdict, sentence, affirmance (August 12, 1999) and certiorari denial (January 24, 2000). It dates the indictment October 30, 1991; the district court's 2002 opinion in note 15 dates it October 31, 1991.
[^6]: Ministry of Defence letter of 12 September 1989 to Charles Powell, 10 Downing Street, Powell's reply of 13 September 1989, and a Prime Minister's private office note of 2 October 1989 on the meeting about Ferranti, in Prime Minister's papers (file PO-CH-NL 0500 PART A), Margaret Thatcher Foundation archive, https://archive.margaretthatcher.org/HMTPO/PO-CH-NL%200500%20PART%20A.pdf. The Ministry of Defence letter is marked "secret" and "commercial in confidence." Its account of the Pakistan contract is the Ministry's own understanding, which it describes as in "considerable doubt."
@ -148,17 +148,17 @@ Paul Foot wrote that ISC went bust in 1989 and that Ferranti went bust too, "wit
[^8]: Dan Nephin, "James Guerin, who died Feb. 10, masterminded Lancaster County's largest fraud at $1B-plus," *LNP* (LancasterOnline), February 20, 2022, https://lancasteronline.com/news/local/james-guerin-who-died-feb-10-masterminded-lancaster-countys-largest-fraud-at-1b-plus/article_28d01f02-9102-11ec-a536-0f7e5967191d.html.
[^9]: "Ferranti calls in Coopers & Lybrand to investigate ISC contracts," *Computer Business Review* (Tech Monitor), September 17, 1989, https://www.techmonitor.ai/?p=208120.
[^10]: Science Museum Group Collection, "Ferranti International Signal plc" (record for the company), https://collection.sciencemuseum.org.uk/people/ap9749/ferranti-international-signal-plc.
[^11]: "Guerin's company pleads guilty to $700m International Signal fraud," *Computer Business Review* (Tech Monitor), article metadata dated September 25, 1990, https://www.techmonitor.ai/?p=222346. Sole source for the Parent Industries plea and the $4.4 million settlement.
[^11]: "Guerin's company pleads guilty to $700m International Signal fraud," *Computer Business Review* (Tech Monitor), article metadata dated September 25, 1990, https://www.techmonitor.ai/?p=222346.
[^12]: "Ferranti gets losses under control but it will be a long, hard climb out of the pit," *Computer Business Review* (Tech Monitor), article metadata dated June 23, 1992, https://www.techmonitor.ai/?p=184616.
[^13]: "James Guerin has finally admitted fraud and tax evasion," *Computer Business Review* (Tech Monitor), article metadata dated December 9, 1991, https://techmonitor.ai/?p=184145.
[^14]: *United States v. Jasin*, 25 F. Supp. 2d 551 (E.D. Pa. 1998) (DuBois, J.), No. Crim. 91-602-08, decided August 12, 1998, https://static.case.law/f-supp-2d/25/cases/0551-01.json. The memorandum describes the jury verdict of December 10, 1992, the Striker missile part of the conspiracy, Jasin's position as president of ISC Technology, and his testimony about "Washington approval" (N.T. November 24, 1992, at 70). Sole source for the 1998 sentencing findings.
[^14]: *United States v. Jasin*, 25 F. Supp. 2d 551 (E.D. Pa. 1998) (DuBois, J.), No. Crim. 91-602-08, decided August 12, 1998, https://static.case.law/f-supp-2d/25/cases/0551-01.json. The memorandum describes the jury verdict of December 10, 1992, the Striker missile part of the conspiracy, Jasin's position as president of ISC Technology, and his testimony about "Washington approval" (N.T. November 24, 1992, at 70).
[^15]: *United States v. Jasin*, 215 F. Supp. 2d 552 (E.D. Pa. 2002) (DuBois, J.), memorandum and order of August 8, 2002, https://static.case.law/f-supp-2d/215/cases/0552-01.json. The opinion quotes Guerin's letter (Def.'s Ex. 14 at 52), Shinehouse's testimony (T. Nov. 30, 1992, at 149), and the government's closing and 2001 reply, and vacates the December 10, 1992 conviction and the July 16, 1998 judgment.
[^16]: Maurice Possley, "Thomas Jasin," National Registry of Exonerations, posted January 10, 2013, https://exonerationregistry.org/cases/11260. Sole source for the dismissal of charges after the 2002 ruling.
[^16]: Maurice Possley, "Thomas Jasin," National Registry of Exonerations, posted January 10, 2013, https://exonerationregistry.org/cases/11260.
[^17]: "South African Firms Settle Arms Smuggling Case," Wisconsin Project on Nuclear Arms Control, https://www.wisconsinproject.org/south-african-firms-settle-arms-smuggling-case/ (undated).
[^18]: Department of State, Office of Defense Trade Controls, Public Notice 2522, "Statutory Debarment Under the International Traffic in Arms Regulations," *Federal Register* 62, no. 56 (March 24, 1997), p. 13933, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-1997-03-24/html/97-7273.htm.
[^19]: Open Secrets, "Declassified: Apartheid Profits," *Daily Maverick*, October 9, 2017, https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-10-09-declassified-apartheid-profits-american-guns/. Sole source for the SADF correspondence, the Italy and Hong Kong channels, the resale to China and the CIA claims.
[^20]: "Ties to convict could be questioned," *Tampa Bay Times*, December 17, 1993, https://www.tampabay.com/archive/1993/12/17/ties-to-convict-could-be-questioned/. Sole source for Inman's April 27, 1992 letter and his acknowledgment of secret work with Guerin.
[^19]: Open Secrets, "Declassified: Apartheid Profits," *Daily Maverick*, October 9, 2017, https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2017-10-09-declassified-apartheid-profits-american-guns/.
[^20]: "Ties to convict could be questioned," *Tampa Bay Times*, December 17, 1993, https://www.tampabay.com/archive/1993/12/17/ties-to-convict-could-be-questioned/.
[^21]: "Inman withdraws from nomination," *Christian Science Monitor*, January 19, 1994, https://csmonitor.com/1994/0119/19242.html.
[^22]: "Weapons-smuggling plot tied to Pa. executive on trial for trade violations," *Baltimore Sun*, November 10, 1992, https://www.baltimoresun.com/1992/11/10/weapons-smuggling-plot-tied-to-pa-executive-on-trial-for-trade-violations/.
[^23]: Rep. Henry B. Gonzalez, "Update on BNL Investigation," *Congressional Record*, House of Representatives, January 21, 1993, p. H132, https://irp.fas.org/congress/1993_cr/h930121-bnl.htm. Sole source for the Byrne and Allivane passage and for the statement about Guerin's conviction.
[^24]: Paul Foot, "Per Ardua," *London Review of Books* 18, no. 3 (1996), https://www.lrb.co.uk/v18/n03/paul-foot/per-ardua. Sole source for the characterization of ISC's purpose and the 30,000-job figure.
[^23]: Rep. Henry B. Gonzalez, "Update on BNL Investigation," *Congressional Record*, House of Representatives, January 21, 1993, p. H132, https://irp.fas.org/congress/1993_cr/h930121-bnl.htm.
[^24]: Paul Foot, "Per Ardua," *London Review of Books* 18, no. 3 (1996), https://www.lrb.co.uk/v18/n03/paul-foot/per-ardua.