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20 - ORGANIZATIONS/PRIVATE/Southern Air Transport.md
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@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ On the aircraft identity, the CIA Inspector General's December 24, 1996 review o
The CIA Inspector General's 1998 report recorded that on January 21, 1987 Deputy Director [[Robert Gates]] sent Assistant Secretary of State [[Morton Abramowitz]] a memorandum stating that the Customs office in New Orleans was investigating an allegation of drug trafficking by Southern Air Transport crew members, that the source was a senior official of the FDN, and that the official feared the scandal "could redound badly on FDN interests"; Gates's transmittal letter attributes the allegations to [[Mario Calero]]. A February 23, 1991 [[DEA]] cable stated that Southern Air Transport was "of record" in the DEA's database from January 1985 to September 1990 for alleged involvement in cocaine trafficking, and that an August 1990 entry alleged that $2 million was delivered to the company's business sites and that several pilots and executives were suspected of smuggling "narcotics currency."[^17]
[[Gary Webb]] wrote in *Dark Alliance* that the Miami [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] informant [[Wanda Palacios]] reported in 1986 that she saw Southern Air planes loaded with cocaine and unloading guns in [[Barranquilla]], [[Colombia]], in 1983 and October 1985, that she accompanied [[Pablo Escobar]] to the landing site and spoke with [[Jorge Ochoa]], who said he worked with the CIA, and that the recovered flight logs showed flights to Barranquilla in October 1985; Southern Air said the planes carried drilling equipment. Webb wrote that [[Enrique Miranda]] testified cocaine from Ilopango was loaded onto Salvadoran Air Force aircraft and Southern Air planes under the supervision of [[Marcos Aguado]] and [[Norwin Meneses]], that Southern Air officials denied involvement and sued news organizations, and that the informant [[Allen Raul Rudd]] reported Escobar's statement that planes like C-130s flew guns to Colombia and cocaine to U.S. military bases. Webb is the sole source for these passages.[^18]
[[Gary Webb]] wrote in *Dark Alliance* that the Miami [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] informant [[Wanda Palacios]] reported in 1986 that she saw Southern Air planes loaded with cocaine and unloading guns in [[Barranquilla]], [[Colombia]], in 1983 and October 1985, that she accompanied [[Pablo Escobar]] to the landing site and spoke with [[Jorge Ochoa]], who said he worked with the CIA, and that the recovered flight logs showed flights to Barranquilla in October 1985; Southern Air said the planes carried drilling equipment. Webb wrote that [[Enrique Miranda]] testified cocaine from Ilopango was loaded onto Salvadoran Air Force aircraft and Southern Air planes under the supervision of [[Marcos Aguado]] and [[Norwin Meneses]], that Southern Air officials denied involvement and sued news organizations, and that the informant [[Allen Raul Rudd]] reported Escobar's statement that planes like C-130s flew guns to Colombia and cocaine to U.S. military bases.[^18]
### Later operations
@ -110,6 +110,6 @@ Southern Air Transport's operations continued under the Southern Air name after
[^15]: Walsh, chapter 8 (Piowaty, FBI 302, June 22, 1987).
[^16]: CIA Inspector General, memorandum for the record, "C-123K - Review of Additional Records," December 24, 1996, case Mena 96-0036-IG (CIA Reading Room 0001289850). https://archive.org/details/cia-readingroom-document-0001289850
[^17]: CIA Office of Inspector General, *Report of Investigation: Allegations of Connections Between CIA and the Contras in Cocaine Trafficking to the United States* (96-0143-IG), Volume II: The Contra Story (October 8, 1998), "Allegations Involving Other Companies Associated With the Contras" and the Gates transmittal letter. https://irp.fas.org/cia/product/cocaine2/pilots.html
[^18]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998, chapter 13, "The wrong kind of friends." Sole source for the Palacios, Miranda and Rudd passages as carried here.
[^18]: Webb, Gary. *Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion.* Seven Stories Press, 1998, chapter 13, "The wrong kind of friends."
[^19]: American Bankruptcy Institute case summary, cited in footnote 2.
[^20]: Ivan Nadalet, "Atlas Air completes acquisition of Southern Air," ch-aviation, April 8, 2016. https://www.ch-aviation.com/news/45363-atlas-air-completes-acquisition-of-southern-air